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G9.MODULE 2 Lesson 6.2 Formation of Ions

Ions are atoms that gain or lose electrons, acquiring a positive or negative charge. Cations are positively charged ions formed when atoms lose electrons, leaving them with more protons than electrons. Metals easily lose electrons to form cations. Anions are negatively charged ions formed when atoms gain electrons, leaving them with more electrons than protons. Non-metals easily gain electrons to form anions. The document provides examples of how titanium and iron atoms form cations by losing electrons, and how chlorine and selenium atoms form anions by gaining electrons.

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Andrina Binogwal Tocgongna
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30 views

G9.MODULE 2 Lesson 6.2 Formation of Ions

Ions are atoms that gain or lose electrons, acquiring a positive or negative charge. Cations are positively charged ions formed when atoms lose electrons, leaving them with more protons than electrons. Metals easily lose electrons to form cations. Anions are negatively charged ions formed when atoms gain electrons, leaving them with more electrons than protons. Non-metals easily gain electrons to form anions. The document provides examples of how titanium and iron atoms form cations by losing electrons, and how chlorine and selenium atoms form anions by gaining electrons.

Uploaded by

Andrina Binogwal Tocgongna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prepared by:

ANDRINA B. TOCGONGNA
Science Teacher
Formation of Ions

11 protons
Na 11 electrons
0 net charge

Ions are atoms that gains or loses an electron. It can have a positive or negative charge.
Cations are ions that have a positive charge. They are formed when atoms have
more protons than electrons. This happens when they lose electrons. the charge of
the ions signifies how many electrons are lost in an atom.

Metal elements have fewer valence electrons. Their electrons are easier to be
removed and generally form cations.

Anions are ions that have a negative charge. Anions are formed when atoms gain
electrons; thus they have more electrons than protons.

Non-metals have more electrons. Thus; it is easier to gain electrons than lose it, which
leads to forming anions.
Formation of Cations
Upon losing 1 electron,
A titanium atom the atom now has 22
A titanium atom
lose 4 electron to protons and 18 electrons.
has 22 protons and The titanium ion will have
achieve the octet
22 electrons a +4 charge or it will be
configuration written as Ti +4

22 protons 22 protons
Ti 22 electrons Ti +4 18 electrons
0 overall charge +4 overall charge

Formation of a titanium ion


Formation of Cations
Upon losing 8 electron,
An iron atom lose 8 the atom now has 26
An iron atom has
electron to achieve protons and 18 electrons.
26 protons and 26 The iron ion will have a +8
the octet
electrons charge or it will be written
configuration as Fe+8

26 protons 26 protons
Fe 26 electrons Fe+8 18 electrons
0 overall charge +8 overall charge

Formation of an iron ion


Formation of Anions
Upon gaining 1 electron,
A chlorine atom the atom now has 17
A chlorine atom
gain 1 electron to protons and 18 electrons.
has 17 protons and The chlorine ion will have
achieve the octet
17 electrons a -1 charge or it will be
configuration written as Cl -

17 protons 17 protons
Cl 17 electrons Cl - 18 electrons
0 overall charge - 1 overall charge

Formation of a chlorine ion


Formation of Anions
Upon gaining 2 electron,
A selenium atom the atom now has 34
A selenium atom
gain 2 electron to protons and 36 electrons.
has 34 protons and The selenium ion will
achieve the octet
34 electrons have a -2 charge or it will
configuration be written as Se -2

38 protons 34 protons
Se 38 electrons Se-2 36 electrons
0 overall charge - 2 overall charge

Formation of a selenium ion


REFERENCES AND WEBSITE LINKS USED IN THIS LESSON:

Book :
1. Connecting Science 9 (A Progressive Approach)
Cynthia D. Cinco et.,al

Website:
1. https://sites.google.com/site/physics8atlaurel/modern-periodic-table
END OF THE LESSON

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