Roland Barthes Mitologías

!
! " # $

%&'(')* +, (-'&+&. &% /+012 3.,%0

4.01+&+ &% +*5%,. %0*6*&%7
40'/%0+ %&'(')* %* %34+8., 9

&%('/.3%:-*&+ %&'(')* %* %34+8., 999

; 3':,. <<' %&'1.0%3 3 + &% ( =
'3>* 9? @ @ AA"@

40'/%0+ %&'(')* %* B0+*(C3 9A"

3%:-*&+ %&'(')* %* B0+*(C3 9"
; C&'1'.*3 &- 3%-', 4+023
'1-,. .0':'*+,D

&%0%(5.3 0%3%0=+&.3 (.*B.0/% + ,+ ,%E

'/40%3. E 5%(5. %* /C<'(.F40'*1%& +*& /+&% '* C<'(.
Roland Barthes Mitologías

"#
0),.:. + ,+ %&'(')* &% 9" GAH
0),.:. + ,+ 40'/%0+ %&'(')* G?H

, /-*&. &%, (+1(5 G H

, +(1.0 &% &I +0(.-01 G AH
.3 0./+*.3 %* %, ('*% G "H
, %3(0'1.0 %* =+(+('.*%3 G H
, (0-(%0. &% ,+ 3+*:0% +7-, G H
021'(+ /-&+ E ('%:+ G H
+4)*'&.3 E &%1%0:%*1%3 G H
, 4.>0% E %, 40.,%1+0'. G H
+0('+*.3 G AH
+ .4%0+(')* 310+ G "H
.*E-:+,%3 G H
./'*'(' . %, 10'-*B. &% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ G H
(.*.:0+B2+ &%, +>+1% '%00% G H
.=%,+3 E *'8.3 G H
J-:-%1%3 G AH
+023 *. 3% 5+ '*-*&+&. G ?H
'(52* %*10% ,.3 *%:0.3 G 9H
* .>0%0. 3'/461'(. G H
, 0.310. &% ,+ +0>. G H
.&%0 E &%3%*=.,1-0+ G H
, ='*. E ,+ ,%(5% G H
, >'31%( E ,+3 4+4+3 B0'1+3 G "H
+-1',-3 E %, >+0(. %>0'. G H
->,'('&+& &% ,+ 40.B-*&'&+& GA H
,:-*+3 4+,+>0+3 &%, 3%8.0 .-K+&% GA H
&+/.= E %, ,%*:-+K% GA H
, (%0%>0. &% '*31%'* GAAH
, 5./>0%@K%1 GA?H
+('*% %3 +('*% GA H
',,E 0+5+/ %* %, !%,)&0./. &% *='%0*. G? H
, 40.(%3. -40'%7 G? H
.1.3@'/4+(1.3 G? H
.3 /'1.3 &%, K.=%* 1%+10. G?AH
+ =-%,1+ &% 0+*('+ (./. %4.4%E+ G?"H
+ -2+ 7-, G" H
+ L-% =% (,+0. G"?H
.('*+ .0*+/%*1+, G" H
, (0-(%0. &%, +1.0E G"9H
, -3-+0'. E ,+ 5-%,:+ G H
0+/61'(+ +B0'(+*+ G H
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+ (021'(+ *'@*' G H
10'4@1%+3% G9 H
, *-%=. '10.%* G9 H
+ ,'1%0+1-0+ + ,+ /+*%0+ &% '*.- 0.-%1 G9 H
.1.:%*'+ %,%(1.0+, G9 H
.*1'*%*1% 4%0&'&. G H
310.,.:2+ G H
, +01% =.(+, >-0:-C3 G H
, 4,631'(. G AH
+ :0+* B+/','+ &% ,.3 5./>0%3 G ?H
* %, /-3'(@5+,, G H
+ +/+ &% ,+3 +/%,'+3 H G
.-K+&% E ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 G H

! $

, /'1. %3 -* 5+>,+ M , /'1. (./. 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. 9M + B.0/+ E %,

(.*(%41. M + 3':*'B'(+(')* ?M %(1-0+ E &%3('B0+/'%*1. &%, /'1. M , /'1.
(./. ,%*:-+K% 0.>+&. M + >-0:-%32+ (./. 3.('%&+& +*)*'/+ "M , /'1. %3 -*
5+>,+ &%34.,'1'7+&+ M , /'1. %* ,+ '7L-'%0&+ M , /'1. %* ,+ &%0%(5+ AM
%(%3'&+& E ,2/'1%3 &% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

% & # &" # '()*

.3 1%<1.3 &% B-%0.* %3(0'1.3 %*10% 9A E 9A?M %, ,'>0. +4+0%(') %*

9A"
L-2 3% 4.&06* %*(.*10+0 &.3 &%('3'.*%3D 4.0 -*+ 4+01% -*+ (021'(+ '&%.,):'(+
&'0':'&+ +, ,%*:-+K% &% ,+ ,,+/+&+ (-,1-0+ &% /+3+M 4.0 .10+ -* 40'/%0 &%3/.*1+K%
3%/'.,):'(. &% %3% ,%*:-+K% (+>+>+ &% ,%%0 + +-33-0% E + 4+01'0 &% C, 1-=% ,+
(.*='((')* &% L-% 3' 3% (.*3'&%0+>+* ,+3 N0%40%3%*1+('.*%3 (.,%(1'=+3N (./. 3'31%/+3
&% 3':*.3 4.&02+/.3 +,%*1+0 ,+ %34%0+*7+ &% 3+,'0 &% ,+ &%*-*('+ 4'+&.3+ E &+0
(-%*1+ &% ,+ /'31'B'(+(')* L-% 10+*3B.0/+ ,+ (-,1-0+ 4%L-%8.@>-0:-%3+ %*
*+1-0+,%7+ -*'=%03+,
.3 &.3 :%31.3 L-% 3% 3'1O+* %* %, .0':%* &% %31% ,'>0. P%='&%*1%/%*1%P E+ *.
4.&02+* 10+7+03% &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ %* ,+ +(1-+,'&+& Q4.0 %3+ 0+7)* 0%*-*('. +
(.00%:'0,.R . %3 L-% 5+E+ &%3+4+0%('&. ,+ /+1%0'+ 3'*. L-% ,+ (021'(+ '&%.,):'(+ 3%
5+ 3-1','7+&. . +, /%*.3 0%L-'%0% &% 3-1',%7+3 +, /'3/. 1'%/4. L-% 0%3-0:%
>0-1+,/%*1% ,+ %<':%*('+ &% 3- -1','7+(')* Q/+E. 9? RM E %, +*6,'3'3 3%/'.,):'(.
'*+-:-0+&. +, /%*.3 %* ,. L-% /% (.*('%0*% 4.0 %, 1%<1. B'*+, &% 3% 5+
&%3+00.,,+&. 40%('3+&. (./4,'(+&. &'='&'&.M 3% 5+ 10+*3B.0/+&. %* -* ,-:+0
1%)0'(. &.*&% 4-%&% &%3+00.,,+03% %* %31% 3':,. E %* *-%310. (('&%*1% ('%01+
,'>%0+(')* &%, 3':*'B'(+*1% . *. 4.&02+ 4.0 ,. 1+*1. %* 3- B.0/+ 4+3+&+ Q+L-2
40%3%*1%R %3(0'>'0 *-%=+3 /'1.,.:2+3
'* %/>+0:. ,. L-% 4%0/+*%(% +&%/63 &%, %*%/':. (+4'1+, Q,+ .0/+
>-0:-%3+R %3 ,+ *%(%3+0'+ (.*K-*(')* &% %31.3 &.3 :%31.3D *' &%*-*('+ 3'* 3-
'*310-/%*1. B'*. &% +*6,'3'3 *' 3%/'.,.:2+ L-% *. 3% +3-/+ B'*+,/%*1% (./. -*+

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

% & % # &"

31.3 1%<1.3 B-%0.* %3(0'1.3 /%*3-+,/%*1% &-0+*1% -*.3 &.3 +8.3 &% 9A +
9A? +, (+,.0 &% ,+ +(1-+,'&+& . '*1%*1+>+ %*1.*(%3 0%B,%<'.*+0 0%:-,+0/%*1% 3.>0%
+,:-*.3 /'1.3 &% ,+ ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ B0+*(%3+ , /+1%0'+, &% %3+ 0%B,%<')* 4.&2+ 3%0
/-E =+0'+&. Q-* +012(-,. &% 40%*3+ -*+ B.1.:0+B2+ &% 3%/+*+0'. -* B',/ -*
%34%(16(-,. -*+ %<4.3'(')*R E %, 1%/+ +>3.,-1+/%*1% +0>'10+0'.D 3% 10+1+>+
'*&-&+>,%/%*1% &% /' 40.4'+ +(1-+,'&+&
, 4-*1. &% 4+01'&+ &% %3+ 0%B,%<')* %0+ (.* B0%(-%*('+ -* 3%*1'/'%*1. &%
'/4+('%*('+ +*1% ,. N*+1-0+,N (.* L-% ,+ 40%*3+ %, +01% %, 3%*1'&. (./O* %*(->0%*
4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% -*+ 0%+,'&+& L-% *. 4.0 3%0 ,+ L-% ='='/.3 &%K+ &% 3%0
+>3.,-1+/%*1% 5'31)0'(+D %* -*+ 4+,+>0+ 3-B02+ +, =%0 (.*B-*&'&+3 (.*31+*1%/%*1%
*+1-0+,%7+ % 5'31.0'+ %* %, 0%,+1. &% *-%310+ +(1-+,'&+& E L-%02+ 4.*%0 &% /+*'B'%31.
%, +>-3. '&%.,):'(. L-% %* /' 3%*1'0 3% %*(-%*10+ .(-,1. %* ,+ %<4.3'(')* &%(.0+1'=+
&% ,. ! ! !
%3&% %, 40'*('4'. /% 4+0%(') L-% ,+ *.(')* &% /'1. &+ (-%*1+ &% %3+3 B+,3+3
%='&%*('+3 * %3% /./%*1. E. %*1%*&2+ ,+ 4+,+>0+ %* -* 3%*1'&. 10+&'('.*+,M 4%0. E+
%31+>+ 4%03-+&'&. &% +,:. &% ,. L-% 5% '*1%*1+&. &%34-C3 %<10+%0 1.&+3 3-3
(.*3%(-%*('+3D %, /'1. %3 -* ,%*:-+K% 32 +, .(-4+0/% &% 5%(5.3 +4+0%*1%/%*1%
+,%K+&.3 &% 1.&+ ,'1%0+1-0+ Q-* (./>+1% &% (+1(5 -* 4,+1. &% (.('*+ -*+ %<4.3'(')*
&% 4,631'(+R *. 4%*3+>+ 3+,'0 &% ,+ 3%/'.,.:2+ :%*%0+, &% *-%310. /-*&. >-0:-C3
(-E+ =%01'%*1% ,'1%0+0'+ 5+>2+ +>.0&+&. %* %*3+E.3 40%(%&%*1%3 '* %/>+0:. 3),.
&%34-C3 &% 5+>%0 %<4,.0+&. ('%01. *O/%0. &% 5%(5.3 &% +(1-+,'&+& 5% '*1%*1+&.
&%B'*'0 &% /+*%0+ /%1)&'(+ %, /'1. (.*1%/4.06*%.M 1%<1. L-% 5% (.,.(+&. +, B'*+, &%
%31% =.,-/%* 4-%31. L-% *. 5+(% .10+ (.3+ L-% 3'31%/+1'7+0 ,.3 /+1%0'+,%3 +*1%0'.0%3
3(0'1.3 /%3 + /%3 %31.3 %*3+E.3 *. +34'0+* + -* &%3+00.,,. .0:6*'(.D 3- *%<.
%3 &% '*3'31%*('+ &% 0%4%1'(')* -*L-% *. 3C 3' ,+3 (.3+3 0%4%1'&+3 :-31+* P(./.
&'(% %, 40.=%0>'.P (0%. L-% 4.0 ,. /%*.3 3':*'B'(+* ,. L-% 5% >-3(+&. %* 1.&.
%31. 3.* 3':*'B'(+('.*%3 S .* 3':*'B'(+('.*%3T '(5. &% .10+ /+*%0+ S%<'31% -*+
/'1.,.:2+ &%, /'1),.:.T '* &-&+ E %, ,%(1.0 =%06 (,+0+/%*1% (-6, %3 /' +4-%31+
%0. %* 0%+,'&+& *. (0%. L-% %, 40.>,%/+ 3% 4,+*1%% %<+(1+/%*1% &% %31+ /+*%0+ +
N&%3/'1'B'(+(')*N 4+0+ %/4,%+0 1.&+=2+ -*+ 4+,+>0+ L-% (./'%*7+ + :+31+03% *. %3
-*+ .4%0+(')* .,2/4'(+ U-'%0. &%('0 L-% *. 4-%&. 4,%:+0/% + ,+ (0%%*('+
10+&'('.*+, L-% 4.31-,+ -* &'=.0('. %*10% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ &% ,+ .>K%1'='&+& &%, 3+>'. E ,+
3->K%1'='&+& &%, %3(0'1.0 (./. 3' -*. %31-='%0+ &.1+&. &% N,'>%01+&N E %, .10. &%
N=.(+(')*N +/>+3 +&%(-+&+3 4+0+ %3(+/.1%+0 . 4+0+ 3->,'/+0 ,.3 ,2/'1%3 0%+,%3 &%
3- 3'1-+(')*M 0%(,+/. ='='0 4,%*+/%*1% ,+ (.*10+&'((')* &% /' 1'%/4. " 4-%&%
5+(%0 &% -* 3+0(+3/. ,+ (.*&'(')* &% ,+ =%0&+&
+

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

"# #

# $% &
+ #

+ ='01-& &%, (+1(5 (.*3'31% %* 3%0 -* %34%(16(-,. %<(%3'=. * C, %*(.*10+/.3

-* C*B+3'3 3%/%K+*1% +, L-% 1%*2+* 3%:-0+/%*1% ,.3 1%+10.3 +*1':-.3 &%/63 %,
(+1(5 %3 -* %34%(16(-,. &% +'0% ,'>0% 4-%3 ,. L-% (.*31'1-E% ,. %3%*('+, &%, ('0(. . &%
,+ +0%*+ *. %3 %, ('%,. Q=+,.0 0./6*1'(. 0%3%0=+&. + ,+3 B'%31+3 /-*&+*+3R 3'*. %,
(+06(1%0 (./4+(1. E =%01'(+, &% ,+ 3-4%0B'('% ,-/'*.3+M &%3&% %, B.*&. &% ,+3 3+,+3
4+0'3'%*3%3 /63 1-0>'+3 %, (+1(5 4+01'('4+ &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ &% ,.3 :0+*&%3
%34%(16(-,.3 3.,+0%3 1%+10. :0'%:. E (.00'&+ &% 1.0.3D +L-2 E +,,6 -*+ ,-7 3'* 3./>0+
%,+>.0+ -*+ %/.(')* 3'* 0%4,'%:-%
+E 4%03.*+3 L-% (0%%* L-% %, (+1(5 %3 -* &%4.01% '**.>,% , (+1(5 *. %3 -*
&%4.01% %3 -* %34%(16(-,.M E *. %3 /63 '**.>,% +3'31'0 + -*+ 0%40%3%*1+(')* &%, &.,.0
%* (+1(5 L-% + ,.3 3-B0'/'%*1.3 &% 0*.,B. . &% *&0)/+(+ .0 3-4-%31. %<'31% -*
B+,3. (+1(5 L-% 3% 0%40%3%*1+ (.31.3+/%*1% (.* ,+3 +4+0'%*('+3 '*O1',%3 &% -* &%4.01%
0%:-,+0M %31. *. .B0%(% *'*:O* '*1%0C3 , +-1C*1'(. (+1(5 ,,+/+&. '/40.4'+/%*1%
(+1(5 &% +B'('.*+&.3 3% 0%40%3%*1+ %* 3+,+3 &% 3%:-*&+ (+1%:.02+ &.*&% %, 4O>,'(.
%34.*16*%+/%*1% 3% 4.*% &% +(-%0&. (.* ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %34%(1+(-,+0 &%, (./>+1%
(./. %, 4O>,'(. &% -* ('*% &% >+00'. L-%,,+3 4%03.*+3 3% '*&':*+* 4.0L-% %, (+1(5
%3 -* &%4.01% B+,3%+&. Q(.3+ L-% 4.0 .10+ 4+01% &%>%02+ ,'>%0+0,. &% 3- ':*./'*'+R
, 4O>,'(. *. ,% '/4.01+ 4+0+ *+&+ 3+>%0 3' %, (./>+1% %3 B+,3%+&. . *. E 1'%*%
0+7)*M 3% (.*B2+ + ,+ 40'/%0+ ='01-& &%, %34%(16(-,. ,+ &% +>.,'0 1.&. /)=', E 1.&+
(.*3%(-%*('+D ,. L-% '/4.01+ *. %3 ,. L-% (0%% 3'*. ,. L-% =%
3% 4O>,'(. 3+>% &'31'*:-'0 /-E >'%* %, (+1(5 &%, >.<%.M 3+>% L-% %, >.<%. %3 -*
&%4.01% K+*3%*'31+ B-*&+&. %* ,+ &%/.310+(')* &% -*+ 3-4%0'.0'&+&M 3% 4-%&%
+4.31+0 4.0 %, 0%3-,1+&. &% -* (./>+1% &% >.<%.M %* %, (+1(5 *. 1%*&02+ *'*:O*
3%*1'&. , (./>+1% &% >.<%. %3 -*+ 5'31.0'+ L-% 3% (.*310-E% +*1% ,.3 .K.3 &%,
%34%(1+&.0D %* %, (+1(5 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. ,. '*1%,':'>,% %3 (+&+ /./%*1. E *. ,+
(.*1'*-'&+& , %34%(1+&.0 *. 3% '*1%0%3+ 4.0 %, +3(%*3. 5+('+ %, 10'-*B.M %34%0+ ,+
'/+:%* /./%*16*%+ &% &%1%0/'*+&+3 4+3'.*%3 , (+1(5 %<':% 4-%3 -*+ ,%(1-0+
'*/%&'+1+ &% 3%*1'&.3 E-<1+4-%31.3 3'* L-% 3%+ *%(%3+0'. ='*(-,+0,.3 , 40.(%3.
0+('.*+, &%, (./>+1% *. '*1%0%3+ +, +B'('.*+&. &%, (+1(5M 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. %, >.<%.
3'%/40% '/4,'(+ -*+ ('%*('+ &%, B-1-0. '(5. &% .10+ /+*%0+ %, (+1(5 %3 -*+ 3-/+
&% %34%(16(-,.3 *'*:-*. &% ,.3 (-+,%3 %316 %* B-*(')* &%, .10.D (+&+ /./%*1.
'/4.*% %, (.*.('/'%*1. 1.1+, &% -*+ 4+3')* L-% 3-0:% &'0%(1+ E 3.,+ 3'* %<1%*&%03%
*-*(+ 5+('+ %, (.0.*+/'%*1. &% -* 0%3-,1+&.
+ B-*(')* &%, ,-(5+&.0 &% (+1(5 *. (.*3'31% %* :+*+0 3'*. %* 0%+,'7+0
%<+(1+/%*1% ,.3 :%31.3 L-% 3% %34%0+ &% C, % &'(% L-% %, K-&. (.*1'%*% -*+ 4+01%
3%(0%1+ &% 3'/>.,'3/.M +-* &%*10. &% ,+ %B'('%*('+ 3% 10+1+ &% :%31.3 0%1%*'&.3
40%('3.3 4%0. (.01.3 &'>-K+&.3 (.* K-31%7+ 4%0. (.* 10+7. 3'* =.,-/%* , (+1(5 4.0
%, (.*10+0'. 40.4.*% :%31.3 %<(%3'=.3 %<4,.1+&.3 5+31+ %, 4+0.<'3/. &% 3-
3':*'B'(+(')* * %, K-&. -* 5./>0% L-% (+% 10+1+ &% *. 4%0/+*%(%0 %* 1'%00+ 0-%&+
3.>0% 32 /'3/. 3% 3-310+% %='1+ ,+ &%00.1+ . 3' %3 %='&%*1% 3+,% '*/%&'+1+/%*1% &%,
K-%:.M %* %, (+1(5 3' -* 5./>0% (+% 3% L-%&+ %<+:%0+&+/%*1% +52 ,,%*+ 5+31+ %,
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%<10%/. ,+ ='31+ &% ,.3 %34%(1+&.0%3 (.* %, %34%(16(-,. '*1.,%0+>,% &% 3- '/4.1%*('+
31+ B-*(')* %*B61'(+ %3 ':-+, + ,+ &%, 1%+10. +*1':-. %* %, (-+, ,+ B-%07+ ,+
,%*:-+ E ,.3 +((%3.0'.3 Q/63(+0+3 E (.1-0*.3R (.*(-002+* + ,+ %<4,'(+(')*
%<+:%0+&+/%*1% ='3'>,% &% -*+ *%(%3'&+& , :%31. &%, ,-(5+&.0 &% (+1(5 =%*('&. +,
3':*'B'(+0 +, /-*&. -*+ &%00.1+ L-% ,%K.3 &% &'3'/-,+0 +(%*1O+ E + ,+
/+*%0+ &% -* (+,&%0)* (.00%34.*&% + ,+ /63(+0+ +*1':-+ %*(+0:+&+ &% 3':*'B'(+0 %,
1.*. 106:'(. &%, %34%(16(-,. * %, (+1(5 (./. %* ,.3 +*1':-.3 1%+10.3 *. 3% 1'%*%
=%0:V%*7+ &%, 40.4'. &.,.0 3% 3+>% ,,.0+0 3% 1'%*% :-31. 4.0 ,+3 ,6:0'/+3
+&+ 3':*. &%, (+1(5 4-%3 %316 &.1+&. &% -*+ (,+0'&+& 1.1+, E+ L-% %3
*%(%3+0'. (./40%*&%0 1.&. 3.>0% ,+ /+0(5+ ' >'%* ,.3I +&=%03+0'.3 %316* 3.>0% %,
0'*: %, 4O>,'(. %3 :+*+&. 4.0 ,+ %='&%*('+ &% ,.3 4+4%,%3 ./. %* %, 1%+10. (+&+
1'4. B23'(. %<40%3+ 5+31+ %, %<(%3. %, ,-:+0 +3':*+&. +, (./>+1'%*1% 5+-@='*
('*(-%*1)* .>%3. E &%3=%*('K+&. (-E. 5.00'>,% +34%(1. +3%<-+&. 3'%/40% '*34'0+
3.>0%*./>0%3 B%/%*'*.3 .31%*1+ %* 3- (+0*.3'&+& ,.3 (+0+(1%0%3 &% ,. '**.>,% 4-%3
3- 4+4%, (.*3'31% %* 0%40%3%*1+0 ,. L-% %* %, (.*(%41. (,63'(. &%, (+*+,,+ Q(.*(%41.@
(,+=% &% 1.&. (./>+1% &% (+1(5R 3% 40%3%*1+ (./. .0:6*'(+/%*1% 0%4-:*+*1% +
*6-3%+ =.,-*1+0'+/%*1% '*34'0+&+ 4.0 5+-='* 4-%3 =+ /-E ,%K.3 &%*10. &%, .0&%*
&% ,.3 3':*.3D *. 3),. 3% 3'0=% &% ,+ B%+,&+& 4+0+ 3':*'B'(+0 ,+ >+K%7+ 3'*. L-% %3+
B%+,&+& %316 (.*(%*10+&+ %* -*+ (-+,'&+& 4+01'(-,+0/%*1% 0%4-,3'=+ &% ,+ /+1%0'+D %,
+:.>'. &%3=+2&. &% -*+ (+0*% /-%01+ Q%, 4O>,'(. ,,+/+ + 5+-='* N%, >.B%NR &% /.&.
L-% ,+ (.*&%*+ +4+3'.*+&+ &% ,+ /-,1'1-& *. 3% &%340%*&% &%, K-'('. 3'*. L-% 3%
%,%=+ &% ,+ 7.*+ /63 40.B-*&+ &% 3- 3%*1'/'%*1. *. 3% '/40%:*+06
B0%*C1'(+/%*1% (.* -*+ '/+:%* 4.31%0'.0 &% 5+-='* 1.1+,/%*1% +(.0&% + 3-
40%3%*('+ B23'(+ '*'('+,D 3-3 +(1.3 0%34.*&%06* 4%0B%(1+/%*1% + ,+ ='3(.3'&+& %3%*('+,
&% 3- 4%03.*+K%
, (-%04. &%, ,-(5+&.0 4-%3 %3 ,+ 40'/%0+ (,+=% &%, (./>+1% %3&% %,
40'*('4'. 3C L-% 1.&.3 ,.3 +(1.3 &% 5+-='* 3-3 10+&'('.*%3 3-3 (0-%,&+&%3 E 3-3
(.>+0&2+3 *. &%(%4('.*+06* ,+ 40'/%0+ '/+:%* L-% C, .B0%(% &% ,. '**.>,%M 4-%&.
(.*B'+0 %* L-% ,,%=+06 + (+>. '*1%,':%*1%/%*1% E +, /6<'/. 1.&.3 ,.3 :%31.3 &% ('%01+
>+K%7+ '*B.0/% E L-% &% %31+ /+*%0+ .B0%(%06 3'* 0%1+(%.3 ,+ '/+:%* /63 0%4-:*+*1%
&% =',,+*.D %, (+*+,,+ '*3+('+>,% .3 ,-(5+&.0%3 &% (+1(5 1'%*%* -* B23'(. 1+*
(.*(,-E%*1% (./. ,.3 4%03.*+K%3 &% ,+ ./%&'+ '1+,'+*+ L-% 40%:.*+* &% +*1%/+*.
(.* 3- 10+K% E 3-3 +(1'1-&%3 %, (.*1%*'&. B-1-0. &% 3- 4+4%, % ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ L-%
+*1+,)* *-*(+ 4-%&% 3%0 /63 L-% -* (.0*-&. 0'&2(-,. 0,%L-2* -* (0'+&. +31-1. E
%, .(1.0 -* 4%&+*1% '/>C(', 5+-='* 3'%/40% 3%06 %, 10+'&.0 '**.>,% %'*'C0%3
Q0->'. :0+*&% &% (-%04. /-%,,% E (+>%,,.3 %*3.01'K+&.3R ,+ '/+:%* 1-0>+&.0+ &% ,+
4+3'='&+& +7-& Q:+,,'1. +00.:+*1%R ,+ &% ,+ B+1-'&+& :0.1%3(+ E 03+*.
Q4%1'/%10% +B%/'*+&. L-% +4+0%(% &%3&% %, 40'/%0 '*31+*1% (.* -*+ >+1+ +7-, E
0.3+R ,+ &.>,%/%*1% 4'(+*1% &% -*+ =%*:+1'=+ Q4.0L-% *. (0%. L-% %, 4O>,'(.
&%, ,'3%.@ .*1/+010% 3':-'%*&. + '110C 1./% ,+ 4+,+>0+ %* 3- 4.3'>','&+&
/+3(-,'*+R W , B23'(. &% ,.3 ,-(5+&.0%3 &% (+1(5 4.0 ,. 1+*1. '*31'1-E% -* 3':*. &%
>+3% L-% (.*1'%*% %* :%0/%* 1.&. %, (./>+1% %0. %3% :%0/%* 40.,'B%0+ 4.0L-% +
(+&+ /./%*1. &%, (./>+1% %* (+&+ 3'1-+(')* *-%=+ %, (-%04. &%, ,-(5+&.0
,+*7+ +, 4O>,'(. %, &'=%01'/'%*1. /+0+=',,.3. &% -* 5-/.0 L-% (.* 1.&+ *+1-0+,'&+&
3% -*% +, :%31. +3 &'B%0%*1%3 ,2*%+3 &% 3':*'B'(+(')* 3% %3(,+0%(%* -*+3 + .10+3 E

W % 10+1+ &%, 1C0/'*. B0+*(C3 L-% +,:-*.3 &'(('.*+0'.3 &+* (./. B%/%*'*. 4%0. L-% %, # ' ,.
+&/'1% %* /+3(-,'*. G H

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

B.0/+* %, /63 '*1%,':'>,% &% ,.3 %34%(16(-,.3 , (+1(5 %3 (./. -*+ %3(0'1-0+
&'+(021'(+D 4.0 %*('/+ &% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* B-*&+/%*1+, &% 3- (-%04. %, ,-(5+&.0 &%
(+1(5 &'34.*% &% %<4,'(+('.*%3 %4'3)&'(+3 4%0. 3'%/40% .4.01-*+3 L-% +E-&+*
4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% + ,+ ,%(1-0+ &%, (./>+1% 4.0 /%&'. &% :%31.3 +(1'1-&%3 E /2/'(+3
L-% ,,%=+* ,+ '*1%*(')* +, /6<'/. &% %='&%*('+ =%(%3 %, ,-(5+&.0 10'-*B+ E
/-%310+ -* 0'(1-3 '**.>,% /'%*10+3 1'%*% +, >-%* &%4.01'31+ >+K. 3-3 0.&',,+3M .10+3
&'0':% + ,+ /-,1'1-& -*+ 3.*0'3+ &% 3-B'('%*('+ +*-*('+&.0+ &% ,+ 40)<'/+ =%*:+*7+M
%* +,:-*+3 .(+3'.*%3 (+2&. &%3(+0:+ (.* 3-3 >0+7.3 B-%01%3 :.,4%3 3.>0% %, 3-%,.
4+0+ 3':*'B'(+0 + 1.&.3 ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ '*1.,%0+>,% &% 3- 3'1-+(')*M %* .10+3 4.0 B'*
+0/+ -* (.*K-*1. (./4,'(+&. &% 3':*.3 &%31'*+&.3 + 5+(%0 (./40%*&%0 L-% C,
%*(+0*+ (.* ,%:21'/. &%0%(5. ,+ '/+:%* 3'%/40% &'=%01'&+ &%, 4%03.*+K% &% /+,
:%*'. L-% 3'* (%3+0 '*=%*1+ 3'1-+('.*%3 %* 1.0*. + 3- &%3(.*1%*1.
% 10+1+ 4-%3 &% -*+ =%0&+&%0+ ./%&'+ -/+*+ &.*&% ,.3 /+1'(%3 /63
3.('+,%3 &% ,+ 4+3')* QB+1-'&+& &%0%(5. (0-%,&+& 0%B'*+&+ 3%*1'&. &%, &%3L-'1%R
%*(-%*10+* 3'%/40% B%,'7/%*1% %, 3':*. /63 (,+0. L-% 4-%&+ %*(+0*+0,.3
%<40%3+0,.3 E ,,%=+0,.3 10'-*B+,/%*1% 5+31+ ,.3 (.*B'*%3 &% ,+ 3+,+ % (./40%*&% L-%
+ %31+ +,1-0+ *. '/4.01+ L-% ,+ 4+3')* 3%+ +-1C*1'(+ . *. . L-% %, 4O>,'(. 0%(,+/+
%3 ,+ '/+:%* &% ,+ 4+3')* *. ,+ 4+3')* /'3/+ +&'% ,% 4'&% +, (+1(5 /63 =%0&+& L-%
+, 1%+10. * -*. E %* .10. ,. L-% 3% %34%0+ %3 ,+ /.310+(')* '*1%,':'>,% &% 3'1-+('.*%3
/.0+,%3 L-% *.0/+,/%*1% 3% /+*1'%*%* 3%(0%1+3 31% =+('+/'%*1. &% ,+ '*1%0'.0'&+&
%* 40.=%(5. &% 3-3 3':*.3 %<1%0'.0%3 %31% +:.1+/'%*1. &%, (.*1%*'&. 4.0 ,+ B.0/+ %3
%, 40'*('4'. /'3/. &%, +01% (,63'(. 10'-*B+*1% , (+1(5 %3 -*+ 4+*1./'/+ '*/%&'+1+
'*B'*'1+/%*1% /63 %B'(+7 L-% ,+ 4+*1./'/+ 1%+10+, 4-%3 %, :%31. &%, ,-(5+&.0 &%
(+1(5 *. 40%('3+ &% *'*:-*+ '/+:'*+(')* &% *'*:O* &%(.0+&. &% *'*:-*+
10+*3B%0%*('+ P&'(5. %* -*+ 4+,+>0+P 4+0+ 4+0%(%0 +-1C*1'(.
+&+ /./%*1. &%, (+1(5 %3 4-%3 (./. -* 6,:%>0+ L-% &%=%,+
'*31+*16*%+/%*1% ,+ (.*%<')* &% -*+ (+-3+ (.* 3- %B%(1. /+*'B'%31. .0 ('%01. %*10%
,.3 +B'('.*+&.3 +, (+1(5 %<'31% -*+ 3-%01% &% 4,+(%0 '*1%,%(1-+, %* B-*('.*+0 1+*
4%0B%(1+/%*1% ,+ /%(6*'(+ /.0+,D ('%01.3 ,-(5+&.0%3 :0+*&%3 (./%&'+*1%3 &'='%01%*
':-+, L-% -* 4%03.*+K% &% .,'%0% 4.0L-% ,.:0+* '/4.*%0 -*+ ,%(1-0+ '*/%&'+1+ &%
3- '*1%0'.0'&+&D -* ,-(5+&.0 &% (+06(1%0 +00.:+*1% E 0'&2(-,. Q&% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+
L-% 3% &'(% L-% +04+:)* %3 -* (+06(1%0R 0/+*& +7+-& 3'%/40% +,%:0+ + ,+ 3+,+
(.* %, 0':.0 /+1%/61'(. &% 3-3 10+*3(0'4('.*%3 (-+*&. ,,%=+ %, &'>-K. &% 3-3 :%31.3 +,
%<10%/. &% 3- 3':*'B'(+(')* E (-+*&. &+ + 3- (./>+1% %, +00%>+1. E ,+ 40%('3')* &%
-*+ :0+* &'34-1+ %3(.,631'(+ %* ,+ L-% %316 %* K-%:. + ,+ =%7 %, 10'-*B. &%, .0:-,,. E
,+ '*L-'%1-& B.0/+, 4.0 ,+ =%0&+&
. L-% 3% ,'>0+ +, 4O>,'(. %3 %, :0+* %34%(16(-,. &%, &.,.0 &% ,+ &%00.1+ E &% ,+
K-31'('+ , (+1(5 40%3%*1+ %, &.,.0 &%, 5./>0% (.* ,+ +/4,'B'(+(')* &% ,+3 /63(+0+3
106:'(+3D %, ,-(5+&.0 L-% 3-B0% >+K. %, %B%(1. &% -*+ 1./+ (.*3'&%0+&+ (0-%, Q-* >0+7.
1.0('&. -*+ 4'%0*+ +(-8+&+R .B0%(% ,+ '/+:%* &%3>.0&+&+ &%, 3-B0'/'%*1.M (./. -*+
( % 40'/'1'=+ 3% &%K+ /'0+0 %, 0.310. %<+:%0+&+/%*1% &%B.0/+&. 4.0 -*+ +B,'((')*
'*1.,%0+>,% 3 (./40%*3'>,% L-% %* %, (+1(5 %, 4-&.0 %31C &%34,+7+&. 4-%3 %3 -*
3%*1'/'%*1. (.*10+0'. + ,+ .31%*1+(')* =.,-*1+0'+ &%, %34%(16(-,. + %3+ %<4.3'(')* &%,
&.,.0 L-% %3 ,+ B'*+,'&+& /'3/+ &%, (./>+1% .&.3 ,.3 +(1.3 :%*%0+&.0%3 &%
3-B0'/'%*1. 3.* 4+01'(-,+0/%*1% %34%(1+(-,+0%3 (./. %, :%31. &% -* 40%31'&':'1+&.0
L-% /-%310+ >'%* %* +,1. 3-3 (+01+3 . 3% (./40%*&%02+ -* &.,.0 L-% +4+0%('%0+ 3'*
(+-3+ '*1%,':'>,%M -* :%31. 3%(0%1. /+0(+&+/%*1% (0-%, 10+*3:0%&'02+ ,+3 ,%E%3 *.
%3(0'1+3 &%, (+1(5 E *. 1%*&02+ *'*:-*+ %B'(+('+ 3.('.,):'(+ (./. -* :%31. ,.(. .
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4+063'1. .0 %, (.*10+0'. %, 3-B0'/'%*1. +4+0%(% '*B,':'&. (.* +/4,'1-& E (.*='((')*

4-%3 5+(% B+,1+ L-% 1.&. %, /-*&. *. 3),. =%0'B'L-% L-% %, 5./>0% 3-B0% 3'*.
1+/>'C* E 3.>0% 1.&. L-% (./40%*&+ 4.0 L-C 3-B0% . L-% ,.3 ,-(5+&.0%3 &% (+1(5
,,+/+* -*+ 1./+ %3 &%('0 -*+ B':-0+ (-+,L-'%0+ L-% 4%0/'1+ '*/.=','7+0
'*&%B'*'&+/%*1% +, +&=%03+0'. E /+*1%*%0,. + 3- /%0(%& 1'%*% 4.0 B-*(')*
40%('3+/%*1% 40%4+0+0 &% /+*%0+ (.*=%*('.*+, E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. '*1%,':'>,% %,
%34%(16(-,. &%, 3-B0'/'%*1. '*31+,+0 /%1)&'(+/%*1% ,+3 (.*&'('.*%3 &%, 3-B0'/'%*1.D
,+ '*%0('+ &%, =%*('&. 4%0/'1% +, =%*(%&.0 Q/./%*16*%.R %31+>,%(%03% %* 3- (0-%,&+&
E 10+3/'1'0 +, 4O>,'(. %3+ 4%0%7+ +1%00+&.0+ &%, 1.01-0+&.0 3%:-0. &% ,.3 :%31.3 L-%
3%:-'06*D 5+(%0 5.('L-%+0 >0-1+,/%*1% + -* +&=%03+0'. '/4.1%*1% . ,+31'/+0 3-
(.,-/*+ =%01%>0+, (.* :.,4%3 4.1%*1%3 E 0%:-,+0%3 /.310+0 +, /%*.3 ,+ +4+0'%*('+
='3-+, &% %31.3 :%31.3 , (+1(5 %3 %, O*'(. &%4.01% L-% .B0%(% -*+ '/+:%* 1+* %<1%0'.0
&% ,+ 1.01-0+ %0. +-* %* %31+3 ('0(-*31+*('+3 ,. L-% %316 %* %, (+/4. &% K-%:. %3
3),. ,+ '/+:%* %, %34%(1+&.0 *. +*5%,+ %, 3-B0'/'%*1. 0%+, &%, (./>+1'%*1% 3%
(./4,+(% %* ,+ 4%0B%((')* &% -*+ '(.*.:0+B2+ , (+1(5 *. %3 -* %34%(16(-,. 36&'(.D
%3 3.,+/%*1% -* %34%(16(-,. '*1%,':'>,%
+E .10+ B':-0+ /63 %34%(1+(-,+0 +O* L-% ,+ 1./+D ,+ /+*:.*+&+ %3+ :0+*
(+(5%1+&+ (.* %, +*1%>0+7. %3% 4-8%1+7. ,+0=+&. (.* L-% 3% &%35+(% %, 4%(5. &%,
+&=%03+0'. %* /%&'. &% -* 0-'&. B,6(('&. E &%, +:.>'. %<+:%0+&. &%, (-%04.
=%*('&. * ,+ /+*:.*+&+ ,+ (+16310.B% ,,%:+ + 3- /6<'/+ %='&%*('+ + 1+, 4-*1. L-%
%, :%31. *. +4+0%(% /63 L-% (./. -* 32/>.,.M 3% 5+ '&. &%/+3'+&. ,%K.3 3% 5+*
10+3:0%&'&. ,+3 0%:,+3 /.0+,%3 &%, (+1(5 &.*&% 1.&. 3':*. &%>% 0%3-,1+0
+>3.,-1+/%*1% (,+0. 4%0. *. &%>% 10+*34+0%*1+0 3- '*1%*(')* &% (,+0'&+&M %*1.*(%3 %,
4O>,'(. :0'1+ NX .*:.YN *. 4.0L-% &%4,.0% ,+ +-3%*('+ &% -* 3-B0'/'%*1. 0%+, 3'*.
4.0L-% (.*&%*+ %, +01'B'('.D (./. %* %, 1%+10. 3% 4-%&% 3+,'0 &%, K-%:. 1+*1. 4.0
%<(%3. &% 3'*(%0'&+& (./. 4.0 %<(%3. &% +B%(1+(')*
+ 5%/.3 &'(5. 1.&. ,. L-% ,.3 ,-(5+&.0%3 &% (+1(5 +40.=%(5+* &% -* %31',.
B23'(. (./4-%31. E %<4,.1+&. 4+0+ &%3+00.,,+0 +*1% ,.3 .K.3 &%, 4O>,'(. ,+ '/+:%*
1.1+, &% ,+ &%00.1+ + /.,'('% &% ,.3 :0+*&%3 (-%04.3 >,+*(.3 L-% 3% &%3/.0.*+* &%
:.,4% . 3% &%34,./+* %*10% ,+3 (-%0&+3 &+*&. >0+7+&+3 ,+ '*%0('+ &% ,.3 ,-(5+&.0%3
/+('7.3 &%=-%,1.3 ,+31'/.3+/%*1% 4.0 1.&+3 ,+3 3-4%0B'('%3 %,631'(+3 &%, 0'*: *+&+
4-%&% 3':*'B'(+0 /63 (,+0+ E +4+3'.*+&+/%*1% %, +>+1'/'%*1. %K%/4,+0 &%, =%*('&.
'* 4.3'>','&+& &% 0%+(('.*+0 ,+ (+0*% &%, ,-(5+&.0 *. %3 /63 L-% -*+ /+3+
'*/-*&+ &%34+00+/+&+ 4.0 1'%00+ E L-% 40.=.(+ (-+,L-'%0 %*(+0*'7+/'%*1. E 1.&+3
,+3 >-0,+3 3% 40.&-(% -* 4+0.<'3/. &% 3':*'B'(+(')* + ,+ +*1':-+ L-% 0%(-%0&+ %,
+,+0&% &% '*1%*('.*%3 &% ,.3 10'-*B.3 ,+1'*.3 * .10+3 .(+3'.*%3 1+/>'C* %3 -*+
B':-0+ +*1':-+ ,+ L-% 3-0:% &%, +(.4,+/'%*1. &% ,.3 ,-(5+&.0%3D ,+ &%, 3-4,'(+*1% &%,
5./>0% 0%*&'&. '*(.*&'('.*+,/%*1% L-%>0+&. &% 0.&',,+3 ,.3 >0+7.3 +,7+&.3 4.0
%*('/+ &% ,+ (+>%7+ E ,%*1+/%*1% +>+1'&. 4.0 ,+ 1%*3')* =%01'(+, &%, =%*(%&.0 * %,
(+1(5 +, 0%=C3 &%, K-&. ,+ &%00.1+ *. %3 -* 3':*. (.*=%*('.*+, L-% 3% +>+*&.*+
+4%*+3 +&L-'0'&.M *. %3 -* 0%3-,1+&. 3'*. 4.0 ,. (.*10+0'. +,:. L-% 4%0/+*%(% L-%
3% %<4.*%M 0%1./+ ,.3 +*1':-.3 /'1.3 &%, 3-B0'/'%*1. E &% ,+ 5-/',,+(')* 4O>,'(+D ,+
(0-7 E ,+ 4'(.1+ , ,-(5+&.0 &% (+1(5 %316 (./. (0-('B'(+&. + 4,%*+ ,-7 + ,.3 .K.3 &%
1.&.3 3(-(5C &%('0 &% -* ,-(5+&.0 %<1%*&'&. %* ,+ ,.*+D N 316 /-%01. %* (0-7
J%3-3'1. +,,2N E %31+ %<40%3')* '0)*'(+ &%3(->02+ ,+3 0+2(%3 40.B-*&+3 &% -*
%34%(16(-,. L-% ,,%=+ + (+>. ,.3 :%31.3 &% ,+3 4-0'B'(+('.*%3 /63 +*1':-+3
%0. %, (+1(5 3% .(-4+ B-*&+/%*1+,/%*1% &% %3(%*'B'(+0 -* (.*(%41.
4-0+/%*1% /.0+,D ,+ K-31'('+ * %, (+1(5 %3 %3%*('+, ,+ '&%+ &% N3+,&+0 (-%*1+3NM %,
Roland Barthes Mitologías

N +7,. 3-B0'0N &% ,+ /-,1'1-& 3':*'B'(+ +*1% 1.&. N +7 L-% ,+3 4+:-%N % 10+1+ 4.0
3-4-%31. &% -*+ K-31'('+ '*/+*%*1% -+*1. /63 >+K+ %3 ,+ +((')* &%, N(+*+,,+N /63
3% +,%:0+ %, 4O>,'(. 4.0 %, :.,4% L-% 3% +4,'(+ (.* K-31'('+D 3' %, 10+'&.0 P-* (.>+0&%
*+1-0+,/%*1%P 3% 0%B-:'+ &%1063 &% ,+3 (-%0&+3 E 3->0+E+ 3- B+,1+ (.* -*+ /2/'(+
&%3(+0+&+ %3 &%34'+&+&+/%*1% +10+4+&. +,,2 /'3/. E ,+ /-,1'1-& (%,%>0+ +, =%0 ,+
0%:,+ ='.,+&+ %* 40.=%(5. &% -* (+31':. /%0%('&. .3 ,-(5+&.0%3 &% (+1(5 3+>%*
/-E >'%* 5+,+:+0 %, 4.&%0 &% '*&':*+(')* &%, 4O>,'(. 40.4.*'C*&.,% %, ,2/'1% &%,
(.*(%41. &% K-31'('+ %3+ 7.*+ %<10%/+ &%, %*B0%*1+/'%*1. &.*&% >+31+ (.* 3+,'03%
+4%*+3 &% ,+ 0%:,+ 4+0+ +>0'0 ,+3 4-%01+3 &% -* /-*&. &%3%*B0%*+&. +0+ -*
+B'('.*+&. +, (+1(5 *+&+ %3 /63 5%0/.3. L-% %, B-0.0 =%*:+1'=. &% -* (./>+1'%*1%
10+'('.*+&. L-% 3% ,+*7+ (.* 4+3')* *. 3.>0% -* +&=%03+0'. B%,'7 3'*. 3.>0% ,+
'/+:%* ='=+ &% ,+ &%3,%+,1+& +1-0+,/%*1% ,. L-% '/4.01+ %3 %, /.='/'%*1. &% ,+
K-31'('+ /63 L-% 3- (.*1%*'&.D %, (+1(5 %3 3.>0% 1.&. -*+ 3%0'% (-+*1'1+1'=+ &%
(./4%*3+('.*%3 Q.K. 4.0 .K. &'%*1% 4.0 &'%*1%R 31. %<4,'(+ L-% ,.3 =-%,(.3 &%
3'1-+('.*%3 4.3%+* + ,.3 .K.3 &% ,.3 +/+*1%3 &%, (+1(5 -*+ 3-%01% &% >%,,%7+ /.0+,D
,.3 (+/>'.3 >0-3(.3 3.* :.7+&.3 (./. -* +(%01+&. %4'3.&'. *.=%,%3(. E (-+*1.
/+E.0 %3 %, (.*10+31% %*10% %, C<'1. &% -* :.,4% E %, (+/>'. &% ,+ 3-%01% ,+ (+2&+ &% ,+
B.01-*+ &% -* (./>+1'%*1% %316 /63 40)<'/+ E %, /'*'@&0+/+ %3 K-7:+&. /63
3+1'3B+(1.0'+/%*1% + K-31'('+ %3 %, (-%04. &% -*+ 10+3:0%3')* 4.3'>,%M 4.0L-% %<'31%
-*+ ,%E +&L-'%0% 1.&. 3- =+,.0 %, %34%(16(-,. &% ,+3 4+3'.*%3 L-% ,+ &%3>.0&+*
% (./40%*&% %*1.*(%3 4.0 L-C &% (+&+ ('*(. (./>+1%3 &% (+1(5 *. /63 &%
-*. %3 B.0/+, * %31% (+3. %3 40%('3. '*3'31'0 ,+ B.0/+,'&+& %3 -*+ /+*%0+ . -*
:C*%0. (./. %* %, 1%+10.D ,+ 0%:,+ *. (.*31'1-E% &% *'*:O* /.&. -*+ (.*310'((')*
0%+, 3'*. ,+ +4+0'%*('+ (.*=%*('.*+, &% ,+ B.0/+,'&+& * ,+ 406(1'(+ -* (./>+1%
B.0/+, %3 3),. -* (./>+1% %<+:%0+&+/%*1% (.01C3D ,.3 (./>+1'%*1%3 4.*%*
&%&'(+(')* E *.@B-0'+ +, %*B0%*1+03% 3+>%* (.*10.,+0 3-3 4+3'.*%3 *. 3% %*(+0*'7+*
(.* %, =%*('&. (%3+* &% (./>+1'0 *' >'%* 3% ,%3 .0&%*+ E 3% 3+,-&+* +, 0%/+1+0 -*
%4'3.&'. 4+01'(-,+0/%*1% +0&-. &-0+*1% %, (-+, 3'* %/>+0:. *. &%K+0.* &% 3%0 ,%+,%3
%*10% 32 .0 3-4-%31. 1.&+3 %3+3 +(('.*%3 (.01%3%3 3.* 3%8+,+&+3 +, 4O>,'(. (.* ,.3
:%31.3 /63 (.*=%*('.*+,%3 &% ,+ ,%+,1+&D +40%1+03% ,+ /+*. +,7+0 ,.3 >0+7.3 +,%K+03%
.31%*3'>,%/%*1% &% -*+ 1./+ %31C0', L-% %/4+8+02+ ,+ 4%0B%((')* &%, (./>+1%
,+ '*=%03+ ,+ &%3,%+,1+& 3% /-%310+ 4.0 3-3 3':*.3 %<(%3'=.3D &+0 -* ='.,%*1.
4-*1+4'C +, =%*('&. 0%B-:'+03% &%1063 &% ,+3 (-%0&+3 '*=.(+*&. .31%*3'>,%/%*1% -*
&%0%(5. 4-0+/%*1% B.0/+, 0%5-3+0 +40%1+0 ,+ /+*. + 3- (.*10'*(+*1% +*1%3 E
&%34-C3 &%, (./>+1% +40.=%(5+0 ,+ 4+-3+ .B'('+, 4+0+ =.,=%03% + 10+'(')* (.*10+ ,+
%34+,&+ &%, +&=%03+0'. &+0,% -* :.,4% 40.5'>'&. B-%0+ &% ,+ /'0+&+ &%, +0>'10.
Q:.,4% L-% %='&%*1%/%*1% 1'%*% =+,.0 E -1','&+& 4.0L-% ,+ /'1+& &% ,+ 3+,+ ,. 4-%&%
=%0 % '*&':*+03% '%*&. %, /+, %, (,'/+ *+1-0+, &%, (+1(5 %, (./>+1% B.0/+, +&L-'%0%
=+,.0 &% %<(%4(')*M %, -3-+0'. 3% +3./>0+ E ,. 3+,-&+ +, 4+3+0 (./. -* 0%1.0*.
+*+(0)*'(. E -* 4.(. 3%*1'/%*1+, + ,+ 10+&'(')* &%4.01'=+ QNXL-C 3.040%*&%*1%/%*1%
B.0/+,%3 L-% 3.*YNRM &% 0%4%*1% 3% 3'%*1% (.*/.='&. +*1% ,+ >.*&+& :%*%0+, &%,
/-*&. 4%0. 3% /.0'02+ &% +>-00'/'%*1. E &% '*&'B%0%*('+ 3' ,.3 ,-(5+&.0%3 *.
0%1./+3%* 064'&+/%*1% + ,+ .0:2+ &% ,.3 /+,.3 3%*1'/'%*1.3 ,.3 O*'(.3 L-%
(.*31'1-E%* +, >-%* (+1(5
<10+4.,+&. %, (+1(5 B.0/+, 3),. 4.&02+ (.*&-('0 +, >.<%. . +, K-&.M %, (+1(5
=%0&+&%0. %* (+/>'. 3-31%*1+ 3- .0':'*+,'&+& %* 1.&.3 ,.3 %<(%3.3 L-% ,. 5+(%* -*
%34%(16(-,. E *. -* &%4.01% , B'*+, &% -* (./>+1% &% >.<%. . &% -* %*(-%*10. &%
K-&. %3 3%(. (./. ,+ (.*(,-3')* &% -*+ &%/.310+(')* , 0'1/. &%, (+1(5 0%3-,1+
Roland Barthes Mitologías

1.1+,/%*1% &'B%0%*1% 4-%3 3- 3%*1'&. *+1-0+, %3 %, &% ,+ +/4,'B'(+(')* 0%1)0'(+D %,

C*B+3'3 &% ,+3 4+3'.*%3 ,+ 0%*.=+(')* &% ,.3 4+0.<'3/.3 ,+ %<+34%0+(')* &% ,+3
0C4,'(+3 *. 4-%&%* &%3%/>.(+0 *.0/+,/%*1% 3'*. %* ,+ /63 >+00.(+ &% ,+3
(.*B-3'.*%3 ,:-*.3 (./>+1%3 E &% ,.3 /63 ,.:0+&.3 3% (.0.*+* (.* -* >+1'B.*&.
B'*+, 3-%01% &% >+1+5.,+ &%3%*B0%*+&+ &.*&% 0%:,+/%*1.3 ,%E%3 &%, :C*%0. (%*3-0+
+0>'10+, E ,2/'1%3 &%, 0'*: 3.* +>.,'&.3 +00%>+1+&.3 %* -* &%3.0&%* 10'-*B+*1% L-%
&%3>.0&+ ,+ 3+,+ E +00+310+ %* ,+ (.*B-3')* + ,.3 ,-(5+&.0%3 + ,.3 3%:-*&.3 +, +0>'10.
E + ,.3 %34%(1+&.0%3
+ 3% 5+ 3%8+,+&. L-% %* 31+&.3 *'&.3 %, (+1(5 0%40%3%*1+ -*+ 3-%01% &%
(./>+1% /'1.,):'(. %*10% %, >'%* E %, /+, Q&% *+1-0+,%7+ 4+0+4.,21'(+ &+&. L-% %,
/+, ,-(5+&.0 3'%/40% 3% (.*3'&%0+ L-% %3 -* 0.K.R , (+1(5 %*:,.>+ -*+ 5%0.'7+(')*
1.1+,/%*1% &'31'*1+ &% .0&%* C1'(. E *. 4.,21'(. . L-% >-3(+ %, 4O>,'(. +L-2 %3 ,+
(.*310-((')* 40.:0%3'=+ &% -*+ '/+:%* %/'*%*1%/%*1% /.0+,D ,+ &%, (+*+,,+
4%0B%(1. % =+ +, (+1(5 4+0+ +3'31'0 + ,+3 +=%*1-0+3 0%*.=+&+3 &% -*+ :0+* 40'/%0+
B':-0+ 4%03.*+K% O*'(. 4%0/+*%*1% E /-,1'B.0/% (./. -':*., . (+4'* (0%+&.0 &%
'/6:%*%3 '*%34%0+&+3 E + ,+ =%7 3'%/40% B'%, + 3- 4+4%, , (+*+,,+ 3% /-%310+ (./.
-* (+06(1%0 &% .,'%0% . -* 0%10+1. &% + 0-EC0% %3 &%('0 (./. -*+ %*1'&+& (,63'(+
(./. -*+ %3%*('+ (-E.3 +(1.3 *. 3.* 3'*. %4'B%*)/%*.3 3':*'B'(+1'=.3 &'34-%31.3
&%*10. &%, 1'%/4. 31% (+06(1%0 %31','7+&. *. 4%01%*%(% + *'*:-*+ *+(')* *' + *'*:O*
4+01'&. E 3' %, ,-(5+&.0 3% ,,+/+ Z-7(5%*[. Q+4.&+&. ':.1% + (+-3+ &% 1+,'*R
%04+7'+* +34+0&' J. !':*.,+ . .,,'C0%3 %, -3-+0'. *. ,% 3-4.*% .10+ 4+10'+ L-%
,+ &% ,+ NB.0/+,'&+&N
SU-C %3 %*1.*(%3 -* (+*+,,+ 4+0+ %3% 4O>,'(. (./4-%31. %* 4+01% 4+0%('%0+
&% '*B.0/+,%3T 3%*('+,/%*1% -* '*%31+>,% L-% 3),. +&/'1% ,+3 0%:,+3 (-+*&. ,% 3.*
O1',%3 E 10+*3:0%&% ,+ (.*1'*-'&+& B.0/+, &% ,+3 +(1'1-&%3 3 -* 5./>0%
'/40%='3'>,% 4.0 ,. 1+*1. +3.('+, % 0%B-:'+ &%1063 &% ,+ ,%E (-+*&. K-7:+ L-% ,% %3
40.4'('+ E ,+ 10+'('.*+ (-+*&. ,% %3 O1', 5+(%0,.M -*+3 =%(%3 *'%:+ %, ,2/'1% B.0/+, &%,
0'*: E (.*1'*O+ :.,4%+*&. + -* +&=%03+0'. 40.1%:'&. ,%:+,/%*1% 4.0 ,+3 (-%0&+3
.10+3 0%31+>,%(% %3% ,2/'1% E 0%(,+/+ ,+ 40.1%((')* &% ,. L-% -* '*31+*1% +*1%3 *.
0%34%1+>+ 31+ '*(.*3%(-%*('+ /-(5. /63 L-% ,+ 10+'(')* . ,+ (0-%,&+& 4.*% +,
4O>,'(. B-%0+ &% 32D ,+31'/+&. %* 3- ,):'(+ /63 L-% %* 3- /.0+, (.*3'&%0+ ,+
(.*10+&'((')* &% ,.3 +0:-/%*1.3 (./. ,+ /63 '**.>,% &% ,+3 B+,1+3 , :.,4%
40.5'>'&. 3% 10+*3B.0/+ %* '00%:-,+0 (-+*&. &%310-E% -* %L-','>0'. (-+*1'1+1'=. E
4%01-0>+ ,+ (-%*1+ 0':-0.3+ &% ,+3 (./4%*3+('.*%3M ,. L-% %, 4O>,'(. (.*&%*+ *. %3 ,+
10+*3:0%3')* &% 46,'&+3 0%:,+3 .B'('+,%3 3'*. ,+ B+,1+ &% =%*:+*7+ ,+ B+,1+ &%
4%*+,'&+& .0 %3. *+&+ /63 %<('1+*1% 4+0+ ,+ /-,1'1-& L-% %, 4-*1+4'C %*B61'(.
&+&. + -* (+*+,,+ =%*('&.M ,+ +,%:02+ &% (+31':+0 ,,%:+ + ,+ (-,/'*+(')* (-+*&. 3%
+4.E+ 3.>0% -*+ K-31'B'(+(')* /+1%/61'(+M %, &%340%('. %*1.*(%3 *. 1'%*% B0%*.D E+
*. 3% 10+1+ &% -* N(.(5'*.N 3'*. &% N-*+ 4-%0(+N :%31. .0+, &% ,+ O,1'/+ &%:0+&+(')*
*+ B'*+,'&+& 1+* 40%('3+ %<':% L-% %, (+1(5 3%+ *' /63 *' /%*.3 ,. L-% %,
4O>,'(. %34%0+ &% C, .3 ,-(5+&.0%3 5./>0%3 &% :0+* %<4%0'%*('+ 3+>%* &'0':'0
4%0B%(1+/%*1% ,.3 %4'3.&'.3 %34.*16*%.3 &%, (./>+1% 5+('+ ,+ '/+:%* L-% %, 4O>,'(.
3% B.0/+ &% ,.3 :0+*&%3 1%/+3 /+0+=',,.3.3 &% 3- /'1.,.:2+ * ,-(5+&.0 4-%&%
'00'1+0 . &'3:-31+0 4%0. K+/63 &%(%4('.*+ 4-%3 3'%/40% 0%+,'7+ 5+31+ %, B'*+, 4.0 -*+
(.*3.,'&+(')* 40.:0%3'=+ &% ,.3 3':*.3 ,. L-% %, 4O>,'(. %34%0+ &% C, * %, (+1(5
*+&+ %<'31% 3' *. %3 1.1+,/%*1% *. 5+E *'*:O* 32/>.,. *'*:-*+ +,-3')* 1.&. 3%
.B0%(% %<5+-31'=+/%*1%M 3'* &%K+0 *+&+ %* ,+ 3./>0+ %, :%31. %,'/'*+ 1.&.3 ,.3
3%*1'&.3 4+063'1.3 E 40%3%*1+ (%0%/.*'+,/%*1% +, 4O>,'(. -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* 4-0+ E
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4,%*+ 0%&.*&+ + ,+ /+*%0+ &% -*+ *+1-0+,%7+ 31% C*B+3'3 %3 K-31+/%*1% ,+ '/+:%*
4.4-,+0 E +*(%310+, &% ,+ '*1%,':'>','&+& 4%0B%(1+ &% ,. 0%+, , (+1(5 4-%3 3'/-,+ -*
(.*.('/'%*1. '&%+, &% ,+3 (.3+3 ,+ %-B.0'+ &% ,.3 5./>0%3 %,%=+&.3 4.0 -* 1'%/4.
B-%0+ &% ,+ +/>':V%&+& &% ,+3 3'1-+('.*%3 (.1'&'+*+3 % '*31+,+&.3 %* ,+ ='3')*
4+*.06/'(+ &% -*+ *+1-0+,%7+ -*2=.(+ &.*&% ,.3 3':*.3 +, B'* (.00%34.*&%02+* +
,+3 (+-3+3 3'* .>316(-,. 3'* B-:+ E 3'* (.*10+&'((')*
-+*&. %, 5C0.% . %, (+*+,,+ &%, &0+/+ %, 5./>0% L-% 5+>2+ 3'&. ='31. -*.3
/'*-1.3 +*1%3 4.3%2&. 4.0 -* B-0.0 /.0+, +:':+*1+&. 5+31+ ,+ 1+,,+ &% -* 3':*.
/%1+@B23'(. &%K+ ,+ 3+,+ &% (+1(5 '/4+3'>,% +*)*'/. (.* -*+ =+,'K'1+ %* ,+ /+*. E 3-
/-K%0 &%, >0+7. *+&'% 4-%&% &-&+0 &% L-% %, (+1(5 4.3%% %, 4.&%0 &% 10+3/-1+(')*
40.4'. &%, %34%(16(-,. E %, (-,1. .>0% %, 0'*: E %* %, B.*&. &% 3- ':*./'*'+
=.,-*1+0'+ ,.3 ,-(5+&.0%3 &% (+1(5 3':-%* 3'%*&. &'.3%3 4.0L-% 3.* &-0+*1%
+,:-*.3 '*31+*1%3 ,+ ,,+=% L-% +>0% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %, :%31. 4-0. L-% 3%4+0+ +, >'%* &%,
/+, E 0%=%,+ ,+ B':-0+ &% -*+ K-31'('+ B'*+,/%*1% '*1%,':'>,%

# #,

* 0+*('+ *. 3% %3 +(1.0 3' -*. *. 5+ 3'&. B.1.:0+B'+&. 4.0 ,.3 1-&'.3

&I +0(.-01 , +(1.0 &% &I +0(.-01 %3 -* &'.3M *-*(+ 5+(% *+&+D 3% ,. 0+41+
* %-B%/'3/. 1./+&. &%, ,%*:-+K% /-*&+*. K-31'B'(+ %3+ 4.31-0+D 3%
3-4.*% +, +(1.0 N%* 3- ='&+ ('-&+&+*+N ,+0. L-% 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ ('-&+& '&%+, %3+
('-&+& &% ,.3 (./%&'+*1%3 &.*&% 3),. %<'31%* B'%31+3 E +/.0%3 /'%*10+3 L-% %* ,+
%3(%*+ 1.&. %3 10+>+K. :%*%0.3. E 3+(0'B'(+&. , (+/>'. &%>% (+-3+0 ,+ /63 :0+*&%
3.040%3+M &%>%/.3 3.>0%(.:%0*.3 &% 1-0>+(')* +, &%3(->0'0 3-34%*&'&+ %* ,+3
%3(+,%0+3 &%, 1%+10. (./. -*+ %3B'*:% + ,+ %*10+&+ &%, 3+*1-+0'. ,+ '/+:%* .,2/4'(+
&% -* +(1.0 L-% 5+ &%K+&. ,+ 4'%, &%, /.*310-. +:'1+&. &%/+3'+&. 5-/+*. E L-%
0%%*(-%*10+ 4.0 B'* 3- %3%*('+ '*1%/4.0+, L-2 %, +(1.0 3% &%3L-'1+D .>,':+&. 4.0 3-
B-*(')* 3+(%0&.1+, + 0%40%3%*1+0 + =%(%3 ,+ =%K%7 E ,+ B%+,&+& %* 1.&. (+3. ,+
&%34.3%3')* &% 32 /'3/. 3% ,% 5+(% 0%%*(.*10+0 -* 0.310. '&%+, ,'/4'+&. Q(./. %* ,+
1'*1.0%02+R &% ,+3 3-('%&+&%3 &% ,+ 40.B%3')* , 4+3. &% ,+ N%3(%*+N + ,. N('-&+&+*.N
*. '/4,'(+ L-% %, +(1.0 &% &I +0(.-01 +>+*&.*% %, N3-%8.N 4.0 ,+ N0%+,'&+&N 3 ,+
(.*10+(+0+D %* %3(%*+ >'%* (.*310-'&. )3%. (+0*+, &% 4'%, %34%3+ >+K. %, +B%'1%M %* ,+
('-&+& ,,+*. 3'* +0'31+3 %, 0.310. 4-,'&. 4.0 ,+ ='01-& +'0%+&. 4.0 ,+ &-,(% ,-7 &%,
%31-&'. &% &I +0(.-01 * ,+ %3(%*+ + =%(%3 ='%K. . +, /%*.3 /.310+*&. -*+ %&+&M
%* ,+ ('-&+& %1%0*+/%*1% K.=%* &%1%*'&. 4+0+ 3'%/40% %* ,+ ('/+ &% ,+ >%,,%7+ * ,+
%3(%*+ 10+'('.*+&. 4.0 ,+ /+1%0'+,'&+& &% -*+ =.7 &%/+3'+&. /-3(-,.3+ (./. ,+3
4+*1.00',,+3 &% -*+ >+',+0'*+M %* ,+ ('-&+& '&%+,/%*1% 3',%*('.3. %3 &%('0 /'31%0'.3.
'/40%:*+&. &%, 3%(0%1. 40.B-*&. L-% 3% 3-4.*% %* 1.&+ >%,,%7+ L-% *. 5+>,+ * ,+
%3(%*+ 4.0 O,1'/. %/4%8+&. B.07.3+/%*1% %* :%31.3 10'='+,%3 . 5%0.'(.3 3'%/40%
%B'(+(%3M %* ,+ ('-&+& 0%&-('&. + -* 0.310. &%4-0+&. &% 1.&. /.='/'%*1.
3% 0.310. 4-0. 3% =-%,=% 1.1+,/%*1% '*O1', P%3 &%('0 ,-K.3.P 4.0 %, 6*:-,.
+>%00+*1% &% ,+ 1./+ (./. 3' %, +4+0+1. &% &I +0(.-01 +-1.0'7+&. 4.0 %34%('+H
40'=',%:'. + (+41+0 %3+ >%,,%7+ *. 1%00%310% &%>'%0+ ->'(+03% &%*10. &% ,+3 7.*+3 /63
'/40.>+>,%3 &% -* %34+('. %*0+0%('&.M E (./. 3' %3% 0.310. L-% B,.1+ %*10% %, 3-%,.
:0.3%0. &%, 1%+10. E %, ('%,. 0%34,+*&%('%*1% &% ,+ N('-&+&N 3),. 4-&'%3% 3%0
3.040%*&'&. 3-310+2&. +4%*+3 -* '*31+*1% + 3- '*1%/4.0+,'&+& *+1-0+, 4+0+ ,-%:.
3%0 +>+*&.*+&. &%=.1+/%*1% + 3- (+00%0+ 3.,'1+0'+ E 0%:'+M E+ 3-/%0:'&.
Roland Barthes Mitologías

/+1%0*+,/%*1% %* ,+ 1'%00+ L-% 3% +,%K+ E+ %,%=+&. %3161'(. %, 0.310. &%, +(1.0 4+0%(%
%*(.*10+0 3- /.0+&+ (%,%31% %* -*+ +3(%*3')* 3'* 40'3+ E 3'* %3B-%07.3 +, (.*10+0'.
&% ,+ 5-/+*'&+& %34%(1+&.0+ L-% 4.0 4%01%*%(%0 + -*+ (,+3% 7..,):'(+ &'B%0%*1% E
3),. +41+ 4+0+ %, /.='/'%*1. 4.0 /%&'. &% ,+3 4'%0*+3 QE *. 4.0 /%&'. &%, 0.310.R
&%>% 0%:0%3+0 (+/'*+*&. + 3- &%4+01+/%*1. Q ,:-*+ =%7 3%02+ *%(%3+0'. '*1%*1+0 -*
43'(.+*6,'3'3 5'31)0'(. &% ,+3 '(.*.:0+B2+3 10-*(+&+3 3 4.3'>,% L-% (+/'*+0 3%+
/'1.,):'(+/%*1% %, :%31. /63 10'='+, E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. %, /63 5-/+*. .&. %*3-%8.
1.&+ '/+:%* '&%+, 1.&+ 40./.(')* 3.('+, 3-40'/% %* 40'/%0 ,-:+0 ,+3 4'%0*+3M E+
3%+ + 10+=C3 &%, 0%10+1. . &%, +-1./)=', R
%&-('&+3 + -* 0.310. + 5./>0.3 + (+>%,,.3 ,+3 +(10'(%3 1%31'/.*'+* ,+ ='01-.3+
'00%+,'&+& &% 3- 3%<. &% /+*%0+ L-% %* ,+ '*1'/'&+& 3.* /+*'B'%31+/%*1% 6*:%,%3
&%34-C3 &% 5+>%0 3'&. %* %3(%*+ +/+*1%3 /+&0%3 0+/%0+3 NE &.*(%,,+3 .3
5./>0%3 P(.* %<(%4(')* &% ,.3 :+,+*%3 K)=%*%3 L-% /63 >'%* 4%01%*%(%* +, :C*%0.
+*:C,'(. 4-%31. L-% 3- 0.310. (./. %, &% ,+3 /-K%0%3 4%0/+*%(% %* 4.3'(')* &%
%=+*%3(%*('+P 40%:.*+* 3- ='0','&+& /%&'+*1% +,:O* +10'>-1. ('-&+&+*.D -*+ 4'4+
-* 4%00. +*1%.K.3 -*+ (5'/%*%+ (.* 0%4'3+M .>K%1.3 10'='+,%3 4%0. *%(%3+0'.3 4+0+
%<40%3+0 ,+ /+3(-,'*'&+& +-&+('+ 3),. 4%0/'1'&+ + ,.3 =+0.*%3 E + 10+=C3 &% ,+ (-+, %,
+(1.0 %* 3- ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ E + ,+ /+*%0+ &% ,.3 &'.3%3 E &% ,.3 0%E%3 +,%:0%3 4.0 %,
='*. /+*'B'%31+ *. 1%/%0 3%0 %* .(+3'.*%3 -* 5./>0% (./. ,.3 &%/63 4.3%%&.0 &%
4,+(%0%3 Q,+ 4'4+R &% +B'('.*%3 Q%, 4%00.R &% +B%(('.*%3 Q,.3 +*1%.K.3R % '*(,-3. &%
&./'(','. 1%00%310% Q,+ (5'/%*%+R
+ '(.*.:0+B2+ &% &I +0(.-01 3->,'/+ ,+ /+1%0'+,'&+& &%, +(1.0 E (.*1'*O+ -*+
N%3(%*+N *%(%3+0'+/%*1% 10'='+, 4-%31. L-% B-*('.*+ %* -*+ N('-&+&N '*%01% E 4.0
(.*3':-'%*1% '&%+, '1-+(')* 4+0+&)K'(+D +L-2 ,+ 0%+,'&+& %3 ,+ %3(%*+M ,+ ('-&+& %3
/'1. %*3-%8. /+0+=',,+ , +(1.0 ,'>%0+&. &% ,+ %*=.,1-0+ &%/+3'+&. %*(+0*+&+ &%,
.B'('. 0%%*(-%*10+ 3- %3%*('+ 0'1-+, &% 5C0.% &% +0L-%1'4. 5-/+*. ->'(+&. %* %,
,2/'1% &% ,+3 *.0/+3 B23'(+3 &% ,.3 .10.3 5./>0%3 L-2 %, 0.310. %3 -* .>K%1.
*.=%,%3(.M 3- '/4+3'>','&+& 3- 4+31+ &'='*+ 3-34%*&%* ,+ =%0&+& (.1'&'+*+ E ,%
(.*B'%0%* ,+ 1-0>+(')* %, &%,%'1% E B'*+,/%*1% ,+ 3%:-0'&+& &% -*+ =%0&+& 3-4%0'.0
.0 -*+ *%(%3'&+& &% ',-3')* 40.4'+ &% -*+ C4.(+ E &% -*+ (,+3% 3.('+, &%/+3'+&.
%*&%>,%3 4+0+ ,+ 0+7)* 4-0+ E %, /'1. 4.1%*1% ,+ /-,1'1-& (.*(%*10+&+ %* ,.3
%*10%+(1.3 L-% 3% +>-00% E 3% %<5'>% &%(,+0+ L-% %3.3 0.310.3 '00%+,%3 3.*
%<+(1+/%*1% ,.3 &% ,+ '*1'/'&+& E (.* %31. 3% &+ ,+ >-%*+ (.*('%*('+ 0+('.*+,'31+ &%
3-4.*%0 + -* 5./>0% &%1063 &%, +(1.0M 4%0. %* %, /./%*1. &% &%34.K+0 +, /'/. %,
%31-&'. &% &I +0(.-01 L-% ,,%:+ %* %, '*31+*1% 40%('3. 5+(% 3-0:'0 -* &'.3M E 1.&. %*
%3% 4O>,'(. >-0:-C3 5+01. &% /%*1'0+3 4%0. L-% ,+3 *%(%3'1+ 4+0+ ='='0 1.&. 3%
3+1'3B+(%
./. (.*3%(-%*('+ ,+ B.1.:0+B2+ &% &I +0(.-01 %3 -* 0'1. &% '*'('+(')* 4+0+ %,
K.=%* (./%&'+*1% -* &'4,./+ L-% ,. '*31+,+ %*10% ,.3 '/4.01+*1%3 3- =%0&+&%0+
(C&-,+ &% '&%*1'&+& 40.B%3'.*+, +&'% 4-%&% (.*3'&%0+03% +-1C*1'(+/%*1%
%*10.*'7+&. /'%*10+3 *. 5+ 3'&. 1.(+&. 4.0 ,.3 3+*1.3 ),%.3 &% &I +0(.-01 3%
0%(-+&0. %* %, L-% 3% 0%=%,+ 4.0 40'/%0+ =%7 3- (+>%7+ '&%+, 3- +'0% '*1%,':%*1%
3%*3'>,% . /+,'('.3. 3%:O* ,+ '/+:%* L-% 3% 40.4.*:+ 4+0+ %, 0%31. &% 3- ='&+ %3 %,
+(1. 3.,%/*% 4.0 /%&'. &%, (-+, ,+ 3.('%&+& +(%41+ +>310+%0,. &% 3-3 40.4'+3 ,%E%3
B23'(+3 E ,% +3%:-0+ %, >%*%B'('. 4%04%1-. &% -* 0.310. L-% 0%('>% %* &.* %* %,
/./%*1. &% %3% >+-1'3/. 1.&.3 ,.3 4.&%0%3 .0&'*+0'+/%*1% *%:+&.3 +, /%*.3 %*
B.0/+ 3'/-,16*%+ +, (./O* &% ,.3 /.01+,%3D -* %34,%*&.0 '*+,1%0+>,% -*+ 3%&-((')*
,'/4'+ &% 1.&+ /+,&+& -*+ 4.1%*('+ '*1%,%(1-+, L-% *. +(./4+8+ *%(%3+0'+/%*1% +,

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+01% . + ,+ >%,,%7+ &%, (./%&'+*1%

* (+/>'. ,+3 B.1.:0+B2+3 &% 5C0C3% % 0+1 . &% :*C3 !+0&+ 4.0 %K%/4,.
3.* &% =+*:-+0&'+D 3'%/40% &%K+* +, +(1.0 %, 0.310. L-% %*(+0*+* E ,. %*('%00+*
B0+*(+/%*1% (.* -*+ 5-/',&+& %K%/4,+0 %* 3- B-*(')* 3.('+, L-% (.*3'31% %*
N0%40%3%*1+0N E *. %* /%*1'0 +0+ -* /'1. 1+* +,'*%+&. (./. %, &% ,.3 0.310.3 &%
+(1.0%3 %31+ 40.4-%31+ 0%3-,1+ 0%=.,-('.*+0'+D *. 3-34%*&%0 &% ,+3 %3(+,%0+3 + ,.3
&I +0(.-01 (,63'(.3 %/4+=.*+&.3 ,+*:-'&%('&.3 +*:%,'7+&.3 . ='0','7+&.3 Q3%:O* %,
3%<.R %3 -*+ +-&+('+ + ,+ L-% /-E 4.(.3 1%+10.3 3% +10%=%*

" " "

* %, ) *' &% +*['%\'(7 1.&.3 ,.3 4%03.*+K%3 1'%*%* B,%L-',,. 3.>0% ,+

B0%*1% *.3 ,. 1'%*%* 0'7+&. .10.3 B','B.0/% .10.3 %* K.4. .10.3 +(%'1+&. 1.&.3 ,.
1'%*%* >'%* 4%'*+&. E *. 3% +&/'1%* ,.3 (+,=.3 +-*L-% ,+ '31.0'+ 0./+*+ ,.3 5+E+
40.4.0('.*+&. %* >-%* *O/%0. +/4.(. 3% 3+,=+0.* L-'%*%3 1'%*%* 4.(. (+>%,,. E
%, 4%,-L-%0. +01%3+*. 40'*('4+, &%, B',/ 3-4. %<10+%0 %* 1.&.3 ,.3 (+3.3 -* O,1'/.
/%(5)* L-% +,(+*7) %, >.0&% &% ,+ B0%*1% &% %3+3 B0%*1%3 0./+*+3 (-E+ %<':V'&+&
3'%/40% 5+ '*&'(+&. -*+ /%7(,+ %34%(2B'(+ &% &%0%(5. &% ='01-& E &% (.*L-'31+
S %0. L-C %3 ,. L-% 3% +10'>-E% + %3.3 .>31'*+&.3 B,%L-',,.3T -%3 *' /63 *'
/%*.3 L-% ,+ /-%310+ &% ,+ 0./+*'&+& % =% .4%0+0 +, &%3(->'%01. %, 0%3.01%
B-*&+/%*1+, &%, %34%(16(-,.D %, , /%(5)* B0.*1+, '*-*&+ &% %='&%*('+ *+&'%
4-%&% &-&+0 &% L-% %316 %* ./+ +*1+8. %31+ (%01'&-/>0% %3 (.*1'*-+D ,.3
+(1.0%3 5+>,+* +(1O+* 3% 1.01-0+* &%>+1%* (-%31'.*%3 N-*'=%03+,%3N 3'* 4%0&%0 *+&+
&% 3- =%0.3'/','1-& 5'31)0'(+ :0+('+3 + %3% %/>,%/+ %<1%*&'&. 3.>0% ,+ B0%*1%D 3-
:%*%0+,'&+& 4-%&% &',+1+03% (.* 3%:-0'&+& +>3.,-1+ +10+=%3+0 %, (C+*. E ,.3 3':,.3
'*(.04.0+0 %, +34%(1. E+*L-' &% ,.3 %<10+3 &% .,,E\..& 4.(. '/4.01+ 1.&. %,
/-*&. %316 '*31+,+&. %* ,+ 10+*L-',+ (%01'&-/>0% &% -* -*'=%03. 3'* &-4,'('&+&
&.*&% ,.3 0./+*.3 3.* 0./+*.3 4.0 %, /63 ,%:'>,% &% ,.3 3':*.3 %, (+>%,,. 3.>0% ,+
B0%*1%
* B0+*(C3 + (-E.3 .K.3 ,.3 0.310.3 +/%0'(+*.3 +O* (.*3%0=+* +,:. &% %<)1'(.
K-7:+ ()/'(+ %3+ /%7(,+ &% /.0B.,.:2+3D :6*:31%03@35%0'B3 E B,%L-',,. 0./+*.M %*
1.&. (+3. %3 -* %<(%,%*1% (5'31% &% /-3'(@5+,,M 4+0+ *.3.10.3 %, 3':*. B-*('.*+ (.*
%<(%3.D +, &%K+0 L-% +4+0%7(+ 3- B'*+,'&+& 3% &%3+(0%&'1+ %0. %, /'3/. B,%L-',,.
,,%=+&. 4.0 ,+ O*'(+ B0%*1% *+1-0+,/%*1% ,+1'*+ &%, B',/ ,+ &% +0')* 0+*&. 3% *.3
'/4.*% 3'* 5+(%0*.3 0%20 E *. &%>%02+ %<(,-'03% ,+ 4.3'>','&+& &% L-% 4+01% &%, C<'1.
%-0.4%. &% %31% +(1.0 3% &%>+ + ,+ '*1%:0+(')* 4%0B%(1+ &% ,+ (+4',+0'&+& 0./+*+ %* ,+
/.0B.,.:2+ :%*%0+, &%, 4%03.*+K% * (.*10+31% J-,'. C3+0 0%3-,1+ '*(0%2>,% (.* %3%
+34%(1. &% +>.:+&. +*:,.3+K)* E+ &%3:+31+&. 4.0 /', 3%:-*&.3 4+4%,%3 4.,'('+,%3 .
()/'(.3 (.* %3% (06*%. >.*+(5)* 0+310',,+&. 4.0 -* ,+/%*1+>,% /%(5)* 10+>+K+&.
4.0 %, 4%,-L-%0.
%*10. &%, .0&%* &% ,+3 3':*'B'(+('.*%3 (+4',+0%3 %*(.*10+/.3 -* 3->3':*.D %,
&% ,+3 3.040%3+3 *.(1-0*+3 .0('+ E +,4-0*'+ &%3=%,+&+3 %* 4,%*+ *.(5% /-%310+*
,.3 (+>%,,.3 .31%*3'>,%/%*1% &%3+,'8+&.3M ,+ 40'/%0+ /63 K.=%* 1'%*% %, &%3.0&%*
B,.1+*1% %3 &%('0 L-% ,+ +-3%*('+ &% +00%:,. +4+0%(% &% +,:O* /.&. %* 3- 40'/%0
:0+&.M ,+ 3%:-*&+ /+&-0+ 40%3%*1+ -* 4-*1. B,.K. /63 10+>+K+&.D -*+ 10%*7+
(.*1.0*%+ 3- (-%,,. E +4+0%(% 4.0 &%,+*1% &%, 5./>0. &%0%(5. '/4.*'%*&. &% %31+
/+*%0+ %, 3':*. 10+&'('.*+, &%, &%3.0&%* L-% %3 ,+ +3'/%102+ %0. %3.3 3':*.3 3.* +

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

,+ =%7 %<(%3'=.3 % '00'3.0'.3D 4.31-,+* -*+ N*+1-0+,'&+&N L-% *' 3'L-'%0+ 1'%*%* %,
(.0+K% &% 3.31%*%0 5+31+ %, B'*D *. 3.* NB0+*(.3N
10. 3':*. &% %31% ) *' + 1.&.3 ,.3 0.310.3 3-&+* 3'* '*1%00-4(')*D 5./>0%3
&%, 4-%>,. 3.,&+&.3 (.*34'0+&.0%3 1.&.3 >+8+* 3-3 0+3:.3 +-31%0.3 E (0'34+&.3 (.*
-* (5.00%+0 +>-*&+*1% Q&% =+3%,'*+R ,.3 40'/%0.3 4,+*.3 3.* 1+* B0%(-%*1%3 L-%
3'* ,-:+0 + &-&+3 %, 3-&.0 0%3-,1+ -* +10'>-1. '*1%*('.*+, ./. %, B,%L-',,. 0./+*.
. ,+ 10%*7+ *.(1-0*+ %, 3-&.0 1+/>'C* %3 -* 3':*. S % L-CTD &% ,+ /.0+,'&+& .&.
%, /-*&. 3-&+ 4.0L-% %* 1.&.3 +,:. 3% &%>+1%M %31+/.3 ->'(+&.3 %* %, ,-:+0 &% -*+
='01-& L-% 3% +1.0/%*1+ 5.00'>,%/%*1% %3 &%('0 %* %, ,-:+0 /'3/. &% ,+ 10+:%&'+M E %,
3-&.0 3% %*(+0:+ &% /+*'B%31+0,. , 4-%>,. 10+-/+1'7+&. 4.0 ,+ /-%01% &% C3+0 E
,-%:. 4.0 ,.3 +0:-/%*1.3 &% +0(. *1.*'. %, 4-%>,. 3-&+ (./>'*+*&.
%(.*)/'(+/%*1% %* %3% O*'(. 3':*. ,+ '*1%*3'&+& &% 3- %/.(')* E %, (+06(1%0
:0.3%0. &% 3- (.*&'(')* ,.3 5./>0%3 ='01-.3.3 0-1. +3'. +3(+ 1+/>'C*
10+34'0+* 3'* (%3+0 1%31'/.*'+*&. %, %*.0/% 1.0/%*1. B'3'.,):'(. L-% %* %,,.3 .4%0+
,+ ='01-& L-% =+ + *+(%0 &% -* (0'/%* -&+0 %3 4%*3+0 Q(.3+ L-% %='&%*1%/%*1%
&%3(+*3+ 3.>0% %, 4.31-,+&. 40.4'. &% -* 4-%>,. &% 5./>0%3 &% *%:.('.3 &% L-%
4%*3+0 %3 -*+ .4%0+(')* ='.,%*1+ (+1+(,23/'(+ (-E. 3':*. /63 4%L-%8. %3 %, 3-&.0R
* 1.&. %, B',/ 3),. -* 5./>0% *. 3-&+ 4%0/+*%(% ,6*:-'&. '/>%0>% 5%0/C1'(.D
C3+0 ='&%*1%/%*1% C3+0 , &%, (0'/%* 4%0/+*%(% 3%(. 4-%3 C, *. 3+>%
&%>% (.*3%0=+0 %, +34%(1. *21'&. 3.,'1+0'. E ,'/4'. &%, (-%04. &%, &%,'1.
+/>'C* +L-2 %, 3':*. %3 +/>':-.D 4%0/+*%(% %* ,+ 3-4%0B'('% 4%0. *. 4.0 %,,.
0%*-*('+ + 5+(%03% 4+3+0 (./. +,:. 40.B-*&.M L-'%0% 5+(%0 (./40%*&%0 Q,. (-+, %3
,.+>,%R 4%0. +, /'3/. 1'%/4. 3% B'*:% %34.*16*%. Q,. (-+, %3 10+/4.3.R 3% &%(,+0+ +
,+ =%7 '*1%*('.*+, % '*%='1+>,% +01'B'('+, E *+1-0+, 40.&-('&. E %*(.*10+&. 31. *.3
4-%&% '*10.&-('0 + -*+ /.0+, &%, 3':*. , 3':*. &%>%02+ &+03% >+K. &.3 B.0/+3
%<10%/+3D . B0+*(+/%*1% '*1%,%(1-+, 0%&-('&. 4.0 3- &'31+*('+ + -* 6,:%>0+ (./. %*
%, 1%+10. (5'*. &.*&% -*+ >+*&%0+ 3':*'B'(+ 1.&. -* 0%:'/'%*1.M . 40.B-*&+/%*1%
+00+':+&. '*=%*1+&. &% +,:O* /.&. (+&+ =%7 ,'>0+*&. -*+ B+7 '*1%0*+ E 3%(0%1+
3%8+, &% -* /./%*1. E *. &% -* (.*(%41. Q%, +01% &% 1+*'3,+=3[' 4.0 %K%/4,.R %0.
%, 3':*. '*1%0/%&'+0'. Q%, B,%L-',,. &% ,+ 0./+*'&+& . ,+ 10+*34'0+(')* &%,
4%*3+/'%*1.R &%*-*('+ -* %34%(16(-,. &%:0+&+&. L-% 1+*1. 1%/% + ,+ =%0&+&
'*:%*-+ (./. +, +01'B'('. 1.1+, -%3 3' %3 &%3%+>,% L-% -* %34%(16(-,. %31C 5%(5.
4+0+ L-% %, /-*&. 3% =-%,=+ /63 (,+0. %<'31% -*+ &-4,'('&+& (-,4+>,% %* (.*B-*&'0
%, 3':*. E %, 3':*'B'(+&. 3 -*+ &-4,'('&+& 40.4'+ &%, %34%(16(-,. >-0:-C3D %*10% %,
3':*. '*1%,%(1-+, E %, 3':*. ='3(%0+, %31% +01% (.,.(+ 5'4)(0'1+/%*1% -* 3':*.
>+31+0&. + ,+ =%7 %,241'(. E 40%1%*('.3. L-% >+-1'7+ (.* %, *./>0% 4./4.3. &%
- -

" - "

'&% ,%2+ + .33-%1 /'%*10+3 >+K+>+ 4.0 %, .*:. 3+ 4.31-0+ 0%3-/% >+31+*1%
>'%* %, '&%+, &% *-%310.3 %3(0'1.0%3 N%* =+(+('.*%3N B.1.:0+B'+&.3 4.0 # + K-*1+0
+, 4,+(%0 >+*+, %, 40%31':'. &% -*+ =.(+(')* L-% *+&+ 4-%&% &%1%*%0 *' &%:0+&+0
*+ >-%*+ *.1+ 4%0'.&231'(+ /-E %B'(+7 &%3&% %, 4-*1. &% ='31+ 3.('.,):'(. E L-%
*.3 '*B.0/+ 3'* .(-,1+/'%*1.3 3.>0% ,+ '&%+ L-% *-%310+ >-0:-%32+ 3% 5+(% &% 3-3
%3(0'1.0%3
. L-% 4+0%(% 3.040%*&%0 E %*(+*1+0 + %31+ >-0:-%32+ +*1% 1.&. %3 3- 40.4'+

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+/4,'1-& &% %3420'1- 4+0+ 0%(.*.(%0 L-% 1+/>'C* ,.3 %3(0'1.0%3 3.* :%*1%3 L-%
(./O*/%*1% 3% 1./+* =+(+('.*%3 +3 N=+(+('.*%3N 3.* -* 5%(5. 3.('+, 0%('%*1%
(-E. &%3+00.,,. /'1.,):'(. 4.0 .10+ 4+01% 3%02+ '*1%0%3+*1% '*&+:+0 3(.,+0%3 %* -*
(./'%*7. + 4+01'0 &% ,+3 ,'(%*('+3 4+:+&+3 3% 5+* =-%,1. -* 5%(5. 40.,%1+0'. . +,
/%*.3 ,+>.0+, B'0/+0 L-% %* +&%,+*1% %3% 5%(5. 4-%&% (.*(%0*'0 + ,.3 %3(0'1.0%3
L-% 1+/>'C* ,.3 %34%('+,'31+3 &%, +,/+ 5-/+*+ %316* 3./%1'&.3 + ,+ 3'1-+(')* :%*%0+,
&%, 10+>+K. (.*1%/4.06*%. %3 -*+ /+*%0+ &% (.*=%*(%0 + *-%310.3 ,%(1.0%3
>-0:-%3%3 &% L-% %316* +&%(-+&.3 + 3- 1'%/4.D -*. 3% %*.0:-,,%(% &% 0%(.*.(%0 ,+
*%(%3'&+& &% ('%01.3 40.3+23/.3 -*. 3% +(./.&+ + ,+3 0%+,'&+&%3 N/.&%0*+3N (.* ,+3
,%(('.*%3 &% '%:B0'%& E &% .-0+31'C
.0 3-4-%31. %3+ 40.,%1+0'7+(')* &%, %3(0'1.0 %3 +(.0&+&+ (.* 4+03'/.*'+ E
4+0+ 4.31%0'.0/%*1% &%310-'0,+ /%K.0 ' >'%* 3% 40.=%% &% -* +10'>-1. 3.('+, Q,+3
=+(+('.*%3 (.*31'1-E%* -* +10'>-1. E >'%* +:0+&+>,% 4.0 ('%01.R %, 5./>0% &% ,%10+3
0%:0%3+ +, %/420%. L-% (./4+01% (.* ,.3 40.B%3'.*+,%3 &% ,+ =.(+(')* ,+
N*+1-0+,'&+&N %* ,+ L-% 3% %1%0*'7+ + *-%310.3 *.=%,'31+3 %* 0%+,'&+& 3% '*31'1-E% 4+0+
10+&-('0 -*+ (.*10+&'((')* 3->,'/%D -*+ (.*&'(')* 40.3+'(+ 40.&-('&+
&%3:0+('+&+/%*1% 4.0 -*+ C4.(+ /-E /+1%0'+,'31+ B0%*1% +, ,-:+0 40%31':'.3. L-% ,+
3.('%&+& >-0:-%3+ (.*(%&% (.* ,'>%0+,'&+& + 3-3 5./>0%3 &% %3420'1- Q3'%/40% L-%
3%+* '*.B%*3'=.3R
+ 40-%>+ &% ,+ /+0+=',,.3+ 3'*:-,+0'&+& &%, %3(0'1.0 %3 L-% &-0+*1% %3+3 1+*
(./%*1+&+3 =+(+('.*%3 L-% (./4+01% B0+1%0*+,/%*1% (.* .>0%0.3 E &%4%*&'%*1%3 *.
&%K+ &% 10+>+K+0 . +, /%*.3 *. &%K+ &% 40.&-('0 +,3. 10+>+K+&.0 1+/>'C* %3 -* B+,3.
=+(+('.*'31+ *. %3(0'>% 3-3 0%(-%0&.3 .10. (.00':% 40-%>+3 %, 1%0(%0. 40%4+0+ 3-
40)<'/. ,'>0. %, L-% *. 5+(% *+&+ ,. (.*B'%3+ (./. -*+ (.*&-(1+ +-1C*1'(+/%*1%
4+0+&.K+, -*+ 5+7+8+ &% =+*:-+0&'+ L-% 3),. -* %3420'1- B-%01% 4-%&% 4%0/'1'03%
/.310+0 .* %31+ O,1'/+ >+,+&0.*+&+ 3% 5+(% (.*.(%0 L-% %3 +>3.,-1+/%*1%
N*+1-0+,N L-% %, %3(0'1.0 %3(0'>+ 3'%/40% %* (-+,L-'%0 3'1-+(')* * 40'/%0 ,-:+0 %31.
0%&-(% ,+ 40.&-((')* ,'1%0+0'+ + -*+ 3-%01% &% 3%(0%(')* '*=.,-*1+0'+ 4.0 ,. 1+*1.
1+>O 4-%3 %3(+4+ + ,.3 &%1%0/'*'3/.3 5-/+*.3M 4+0+ 5+>,+0 /63 *.>,%/%*1% %,
%3(0'1.0 %3 =2(1'/+ &% -* &'.3 '*1%0'.0 L-% 5+>,+ %* 1.&. /./%*1. 3'* '*L-'%1+03%
1'0+*. 4.0 ,+3 =+(+('.*%3 &% 3- /C&'-/ .3 %3(0'1.0%3 %316* &% =+(+('.*%3 4%0. 3-
/-3+ =%,+ E &+ + ,-7 3'* '*1%00-4(')*
+ 3%:-*&+ =%*1+K+ &% %31+ =%0>.00%+ %3 L-% 4.0 3- (+06(1%0 '/4%0+1'=.
+4+0%(% P(.* 1.&+ *+1-0+,'&+&P (./. ,+ %3%*('+ /'3/+ &%, %3(0'1.0 , +(%41+ 3'*
&-&+ L-% %316 40.='31. &% -*+ %<'31%*('+ 5-/+*+ &% -*+ ='%K+ (+3+ &% (+/4. &%
-*+ B+/','+ &% -* 35.01 &% -*+ 5'K'1+ %1( 4%0. (.*10+0'+/%*1% + ,.3 .10.3
10+>+K+&.0%3 L-% (+/>'+* &% %3%*('+ E %* ,+ 4,+E+ *. 3.* /63 L-% =%0+*%+*1%3 %,
%3(0'1.0 (.*3%0=+ %* 1.&+3 4+01%3 3- *+1-0+,%7+ &% %3(0'1.0M +, 1%*%0 =+(+('.*%3
/-%310+ %, 3':*. &% 3- 5-/+*'&+&M 4%0. %, &'.3 4%0/+*%(% 3% %3 %3(0'1.0 (./. -'3
! %0+ 0%E '*(,-3'=% %* %, '*.&.0. % %31% /.&. ,+ B-*(')* &%, 5./>0% &% ,%10+3 %3
+ ,.3 10+>+K.3 5-/+*.3 (+3' ,. L-% ,+ +/>0.32+ %3 +, 4+*D -*+ 3-31+*('+ /',+:0.3+
%1%0*+ L-% (.*&%3('%*&% + ,+ B.0/+ 3.('+, 4+0+ L-% 3% ,. (+41% /%K.0 %* 3-
40%31':'.3+ &'B%0%*('+ .&. %31. '*10.&-(% + ,+ '&%+ &% -* %3(0'1.0 3-4%05./>0% &%
-*+ %34%('% &% 3%0 &'B%0%*1% L-% ,+ 3.('%&+& %<5'>% 4+0+ :.7+0 /%K.0 &% ,+
3'*:-,+0'&+& B'(1'('+ L-% %,,+ ,% (.*(%&%
+ '/+:%* 3%*(',,+ &% N%, %3(0'1.0 %* =+(+('.*%3N 4-%3 *. %3 *+&+ /63 L-% -*+
&% %3+3 /'31'B'(+('.*%3 0%1.0('&+3 L-% ,+ >-%*+ 3.('%&+& .4%0+ 4+0+ 3.K-7:+0 /%K.0 +
3-3 %3(0'1.0%3D *+&+ /-%310+ /%K.0 ,+ 3'*:-,+0'&+& &% -*+ N=.(+(')*N L-%
Roland Barthes Mitologías

(.*10+&%('0,+ @P4%0. *. *%:+0,+ *' /-(5. /%*.3P (.* %, 40.3+23/. &% 3-

%*(+0*+(')*D %3 -* ='%K. 0%(-03. &% 1.&+3 ,+3 5+:'.:0+B2+3 +/>'C* 3% 4-%&%
.>3%0=+0 ()/. %, /'1. &% ,+3 N=+(+('.*%3 ,'1%0+0'+3N 3% %<1'%*&% /-E ,%K.3 /-(5.
/63 +,,6 &%, =%0+*.M ,+3 1C(*'(+3 &%, 4%0'.&'3/. (.*1%/4.06*%. 3% &%&'(+* (+&+ =%7
/63 + .B0%(%0 -* %34%(16(-,. 40.3+'(. &%, %3(0'1.0 %0. 3%02+ -* :0+=% %00.0 1./+0
%31% 5%(5. (./. -* %3B-%07. &% &%3/'31'B'(+(')* 3 1.&. ,. (.*10+0'. '* &-&+ + /2
3'/4,% ,%(1.0 4-%&% 4+0%(%0/% (.*/.=%&.0 E 5+31+ 3%*1'0/% 5+,+:+&. 4.0
4+01'('4+0 :0+('+3 + ,+ (.*B'&%*('+ &% ,+ ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ &% -*+ 0+7+ 3%,%(('.*+&+ 4.0
%, :%*'.M 3'* &-&+ 3%*1'02+ &%,'('.3+/%*1% B0+1%0*+, + -*+ 5-/+*'&+& %* ,+ L-% 3C
4.0 ,.3 &'+0'.3 L-% -* :0+* %3(0'1.0 -3+ 4'K+/+3 +7-,%3 E L-% -* K.=%* *.=%,'31+
:-31+ &% N,+3 (5'(+3 >.*'1+3 %, L-%3. E ,+ /'%, &% ,+=+*&+N %0. %31. *.
'/4'&% L-% %, 3+,&. &% ,+ .4%0+(')* 3%+ L-% %, %3(0'1.0 3% =-%,=+ -* 4.(. /63
%310%,,+ L-% +>+*&.*% -* 4.(. /63 %31+ 1'%00+ 4.0 -*+ /.0+&+ (%,%31% &.*&% 3-3
4'K+/+3 E 3-3 L-%3.3 *. ,% '/4'&%* &% *'*:-*+ /+*%0+ 0%1./+0 %, -3. &% 3- *.>,%
4+,+>0+ &%/'O0:'(+
0.=%%0 4O>,'(+/%*1% +, %3(0'1.0 &% -* (-%04. >'%* (+0*+, 0%=%,+0 L-% ,% :-31+
%, >,+*(. 3%(. E %, >'B1%( K-:.3. %3 =.,=%0 4+0+ /' +O* /63 /',+:0.3.3 &% %3%*('+
/63 &'='*+ ,.3 40.&-(1.3 &% 3- +01% .3 &%1+,,%3 &% 3- ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ %* =%7 &%
5+(%0 /63 40)<'/+ E /63 (,+0+ ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ &% 3- '*34'0+(')* (.*B'0/+* ,+
3'*:-,+0'&+& /21'(+ &% 3- (.*&'(')*D 3),. 4-%&. +10'>-'0 + -*+ 3-4%05-/+*'&+& ,+
%<'31%*('+ &% 3%0%3 1+* =+31.3 (./. 4+0+ -3+0 4'K+/+3 +7-,%3 %* %, /'3/. /./%*1.
%* L-% 3% /+*'B'%31+* (./. (.*('%*('+ -*'=%03+, . /63 +O* &%(,+0+0 %, :-31. 4.0 ,.3
(.* ,+ /'3/+ =.7 (.* ,+ L-% +*-*('+* 3- 40)<'/+ %*./%*.,.:2+ &%, :.
+ +,'+*7+ %34%(1+(-,+0 &% 1+*1+ *.>,%7+ E &% 1+*1+ B-1','&+& 3':*'B'(+ L-% +O*
(0%%/.3 %* ,+ (.*10+&'((')*D /',+:0.3+ %* 3- 1.1+,'&+& 1+/>'C* %3 /',+:0.3. (+&+
-*. &% 3-3 1C0/'*.3 3+ +,'+*7+ 4%0&%02+ 1.&. '*1%0C3 3'* &-&+ %* -* /-*&.
&.*&% %, 10+>+K. &%, %3(0'1.0 %31-='%3% &%3+(0+,'7+&. 5+31+ 4+0%(%0 1+* *+1-0+, (./.
3-3 B-*('.*%3 =%31'/%*1+0'+3 . :-31+1'=+3

# " .

%3&% ,+ (.0.*+(')* ,.3 B0+*(%3%3 %34%0+>+* +*3'.3.3 -* 0%3-0:'/'%*1. &% ,+

+(1-+,'&+& /.*60L-'(+ + ,+ L-% 3.* %<10%/+&+/%*1% +B'('.*+&.3M %, ='+K% &% -*
(%*1%*+0 &% 402*('4%3 %* -* E+1% :0'%:. %, . ,.3 5+ %*10%1%*'&.
/-(523'/. + (.0.*+(')* &% 3+>%, %0+ -* 1%/+ 4+1C1'(. 3%*1'/%*1+,M %, 0-(%0. &%
,+ +*:0% 7-, %3 -* %4'3.&'. %<('1+*1%D ,.3 0%E%3 5+* K-:+&. + 3%0 5./>0%3 (./. %*
-*+ (./%&'+ &% ,%03 E +',,+=%1M 3-0:'%0.* /', 3'1-+('.*%3 &'=%01'&+3 4.0 3-3
(.*10+&'(('.*%3 &%, 1'4. +02+@ *1.*'%1+@K-:+*&.@+@,+@,%(5%0+ + 4+1.,.:2+ &% 1+,
%*10%1%*'/'%*1. %3 :0+=%D -*. 3% &'='%01% (.* -*+ (.*10+&'((')* (-+*&. 3% 3-4.*%*
/-E +,%K+&.3 ,.3 1C0/'*.3 &% C31+M &'(5. &% .10. /.&. ,.3 0%E%3 3.* &% -*+ %3%*('+
3.>0%5-/+*+ E (-+*&. 1%/4.0+0'+/%*1% 1./+* ('%01+3 B.0/+3 &% ='&+ &%/.(061'(+
3),. 4-%&% 10+1+03% &% -*+ %*(+0*+(')* (.*10+ *+1-0+ 4.3'>,% O*'(+/%*1% 4.0
(.*&%3(%*&%*('+ .310+0 L-% ,.3 0%E%3 3.* (+4+(%3 &% 40.3+23/. %3 0%(.*.(%0 L-%
%3+ 3'1-+(')* ,%3 0%3-,1+ 1+* *+1-0+, (./. %, +*:%,'3/. +, (./O* &% ,.3 /.01+,%3M %3
=%0'B'(+0 L-% %, 0%E 3':-% 3'C*&.,. 4.0 &%0%(5. &'='*.
.3 :%31.3 *%-10.3 &% ,+ ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ %* %, . (.>0+0.* (+06(1%0 &%
%<.0>'1+*1% +-&+('+ (./. %3+3 B+*1+32+3 (0%+1'=+3 &.*&% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 10+*3:0%&% 3-3

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

0%'*.3D X,.3 0%E%3 3% +B%'1+* 3.,.3Y 31% 0+3:. B-% (./%*1+&. 4.0 *-%310+ :0+* 40%*3+
(./. -* +(1. &% 3'*:-,+0'&+& '*(0%2>,% (./. 3' (.* C, ,.3 0%E%3 +(%41+0+* +00'%3:+0
1.&+ 3- 0%+,%7+ E %* %3% +(1. +B'0/+0+* 3- B% %* ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ '*&%310-(1'>,% &% ,+
/'3/+ , 0%E +>,. ,,%=+>+ -*+ (+/'3%1+ &% /+*:+3 (.01+3 ,+ 0%'*+ %&%0'(+ -*
=%31'&. %3 &%('0 *. %<(,-3'=. (-E. &'>-K. 4-%&% %*(.*10+03% 3.>0% %,
(-%04. &% 3'/4,%3 /.01+,%3 *1+8. ,.3 0%E%3 3% &'3B0+7+>+* &% 4+31.0%3M 5.E
=%31'03% &-0+*1% L-'*(% &2+3 %* -* 3-4%0/%0(+&. %3 4+0+ %,,.3 %, 3':*. &%, &'3B0+7
10+ /+*'B%31+(')* &%/.(061'(+D ,%=+*1+03% + ,+3 3%'3 &% ,+ /+8+*+ 31. '*B.0/+ 4.0
+*12B0+3'3 3.>0% -* '&%+, &% ,+ ='&+ (.1'&'+*+D ,,%=+0 4-8.3 5+(%03% +B%'1+0 4.0 -*
3'%0=. ,%=+*1+03% 1+0&% , 0%*-*('+0 + %3.3 40'=',%:'.3 ,.3 0%E%3 ,.3 %,%=+* +O* /63
%* %, ('%,. &%, 3-%8.M 3- 3+(0'B'('. P%310'(1+/%*1% 1%/4.0+0'.P (.,.(+ %* ,+
%1%0*'&+& %3.3 3':*.3 &% ,+ &'(5+ (.1'&'+*+
63 (-0'.3. 0%3-,1+ %, 5%(5. &% L-% %3% (+06(1%0 /21'(. &% *-%310.3 0%E%3 5.E 3%
5+E+ ,+'('7+&. P4%0. &% *'*:O* /.&. (.*K-0+&.P /%&'+*1% ('%01. ('%*1'B'('3/.
.3 0%E%3 3% &%B'*%* 4.0 ,+ 4-0%7+ &% 3- 0+7+ Q3+*:0% +7-,R (./. (+(5.00.3 E %,
*+=2. ,-:+0 40'=',%:'+&. &% (-+,L-'%0 (,+-3-0+ %3 -*+ 3-%01% &% +0(+ /.&%0*+
&.*&% 3% (.*3%0=+* ,+3 40'*('4+,%3 =+0'%&+&%3 &% ,+ %34%('% /.*60L-'(+ +*1. L-%
3% (+,(-,+ +>'%01+/%*1% ,+3 4.3'>','&+&%3 &% +,:-*.3 +4+0%+/'%*1.3M %* (%00+&.3
&%*10. &% 3- 4.10%0. *+=%:+*1% ,.3 4-0+@3+*:0% %316* + (->'%01. &% 1.&+ >.&+
>+31+0&+ 1.&. ,%3 %316 QS+*-+,/%*1%TR 40%4+0+&. 4+0+ L-% 4-%&+* 0%40.&-('03%
%*10% 32M 1+* 4.(.3 %* ,+ 1'%00+ (./. ,.3 %, *+=2. ,.3 B'K+ E ,.3 (.*:0%:+
(.*31'1-E% -*+ N0%3%0=+N 1%/4.0+0'+ &.*&% 3% ,.3 (-'&+ E &.*&% 3% .B0%(% ,+
.4.01-*'&+& &% 4%04%1-+0 -*+ (-0'.3'&+& %1*.:06B'(+ 1+* >'%* 40.1%:'&+ (./. -*
4+0L-% (.* '-<
.3 &.3 1%/+3 3%(-,+0%3 3% /%7(,+*D %, &%, 0%E@&'.3 E %, &%, 0%E@.>K%1. '*
%/>+0:. %3% ('%,. /'1.,):'(. *. %3 1+* '*.B%*3'=. 4+0+ ,+ 1'%00+ +3 /'31'B'(+('.*%3
/63 %1C0%+3 ,.3 &'=%01'&.3 &%1+,,%3 &%, (0-(%0. &% ,+ 3+*:0% +7-, 1.&+ %3+ >+0+1'K+
+*%(&)1'(+ (.* L-% ,+ :0+* 40%*3+ +10+:+*1) + 3-3 ,%(1.0%3 *. 3% .B0%(%
'/4-*%/%*1% B'+*7+&.3 %* 3- &'='*'&+& 0%B,.1+&+ ,.3 402*('4%3 5+(%* 4.,21'(+
&%/.(061'(+/%*1%D %, .*&% &% +023 +>+*&.*+ %, . 4+0+ '0 + +023 +
NB'3(+,'7+0N ,+ 3-%01% &% ,+ ./-*'&+& -0.4%+ &% %B%*3+ E 3% %*=2+ +, K.=%* +0,.3
&% 34+8+ %* +-<','. &%, B+3('3/. %34+8.,

# $

.3 (021'(.3 Q,'1%0+0'.3 . 1%+10+,%3R 3% =+,%* + /%*-&. &% &.3 +0:-/%*1.3

>+31+*1%3 3'*:-,+0%3 , 40'/%0. (.*3'31% %* &%(0%1+0 >0-3(+/%*1% L-% %, .>K%1. &% ,+
(021'(+ %3 '*%B+>,% E 4.0 (.*3':-'%*1% ,+ (021'(+ '*O1', , .10. +0:-/%*1. L-% 1+/>'C*
0%+4+0%(% 4%0')&'(+/%*1% (.*3'31% %* (.*B%3+03% &%/+3'+&. 1.*1. &%/+3'+&. 1.04%
4+0+ (./40%*&%0 -*+ .>0+ 0%4-1+&+ (./. B',.3)B'(+D +32 -*+ 4'%7+ &% %*0'
%B%>=0% 3.>0% Z'%0[%:++0& 5+ 40.=.(+&. %*10% *-%310.3 /%K.0%3 (021'(.3 QE *. 5+>,.
&% L-'%*%3 +>'%01+/%*1% 5+(%* 40.B%3')* &% 1.*1%02+R -* B'*:'&. 46*'(. &%
'/>%(','&+& Q(-E+ /%1+ %='&%*1%/%*1% %0+ &%3+(0%&'1+0 + %B%>=0% 0%,%:6*&.,. +,
0'&2(-,. &% ,+ (%0%>0+,'&+& 4-0+R
S .0 L-C ,+ (021'(+ 40.(,+/+ 4%0')&'(+/%*1% 3- '/4.1%*('+ . 3- '*(./40%*3')*T
. %3 4.0 /.&%31'+ ('%01+/%*1%D 4+0+ -*. *+&+ /63 ()/.&. L-% (.*B%3+0 *.
(./40%*&%0 *+&+ &%, %<'31%*('+,'3/.M 4+0+ .10. *+&+ /63 '0)*'(. E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. /63
3%:-0. L-% 0%(.*.(%0 40.B-*&+/%*1% +=%0:.*7+&. L-% *. 1'%*% ,+ 3-%01% &% %31+0
Roland Barthes Mitologías

'*'('+&. %* ,+ B',.3.B2+ &% ,. <10+.0&'*+0'.M E *+&+ /63 +-1.0'1+0'. %* %, (+3. &% -*

1%0(%0. L-% 4,%'1%+0 4.0 ,+ '*%B+>','&+& 4.C1'(+ .&. %31. 3':*'B'(+ %* 0%+,'&+& L-%
-*. 3% (0%% &% -*+ '*1%,':%*('+ 1+* 3%:-0+ (./. 4+0+ L-% +, (.*B%3+0 -*+
'*(./40%*3')* 3% 4.*:+ %* &-&+ ,+ (,+0'&+& &%, +-1.0 E *. ,+ &%, 40.4'. (%0%>0.D 3%
B'*:% >%>%02+ E 3% ,.:0+ ,+ 40.1%31+ &%, 4O>,'(.M +32 3% ,. +00+310+ =%*1+K.3+/%*1% &%
-*+ (./4,'('&+& &% '/4.1%*('+ + -*+ (./4,'('&+& &% '*1%,':%*('+ 4%0+(')*
+/4,'+/%*1% (.*.('&+ %* ,.3 3+,.*%3 !%0&-0'*D N . L-% 1%*:. (./. .B'('. 3%0
'*1%,':%*1% *. (./40%*&. *+&+ &% %3.M -31%&%3 1+/4.(. ,. (./40%*&%*M ,-%:. %3
L-% -31%&%3 3.* 1+* '*1%,':%*1%3 (./. E. N
, =%0&+&%0. 0.310. &% %31+3 %31+('.*+,%3 40.B%3'.*%3 &% '*(-,1-0+ %3 %3% ='%K.
/'1. .3(-0+*1'31+ 3%:O* %, (-+, ,+ '&%+ 0%3-,1+ *.('=+ 3' *. ,+ (.*10.,+ %, N3%*1'&.
(./O*N E %, N3%*1'/'%*1.ND %, +>%0 %3 %, +, +/>.3 >0.1+0.* %* %, /'3/. 60>., +
(-,1-0+ %3 4%0/'1'&+ 3'%/40% L-% 4%0')&'(+/%*1% 3% 40.(,+/% ,+ =+*'&+& &% 3-3 B'*%3
E ,.3 ,2/'1%3 &% 3- 4.1%*('+ Q=%0 1+/>'C* + %31% 0%34%(1. ,+3 '&%+3 &% 0+5+/ 0%%*%
3.>0% ,.3 43'(),.:.3 E ,.3 43'L-'+10+3RM ,+ (-,1-0+ '&%+, &%>%02+ 3%0 3),. -*+ &-,(%
%B-3')* 0%1)0'(+ %, +01% &% ,+3 4+,+>0+3 4+0+ 1%31'/.*'+0 -* %31+&. 4+3+K%0. &%, +,/+
%0. %31+ ='%K+ 4+0%K+ 0./6*1'(+ &%, (.0+7)* E &% ,+ (+>%7+I 3),. 1'%*% 0%+,'&+& %* -*+
'/+:'*%02+ &% .0':%* =+:+/%*1% :*)31'(+ %* %3+3 B',.3.B2+3 .4'6(%+3 L-% 3'%/40%
(.*31'1-E%0.* B'*+,/%*1% %, 4-*1+, &% ,.3 0%:2/%*%3 B-%01%3 %* ,.3 L-% 3%
&%3%/>+0+7+* &% ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 %/4-K6*&.,.3 + .(-4+03% &% ,+ %/.(')* E &% ,.
'*%B+>,% * 0%+,'&+& 1.&+ 0%3%0=+ 3.>0% ,+ (-,1-0+ %3 -*+ 4.3'(')* 1%00.0'31+ B'('+0
&% (021'(. E 40.(,+/+0 L-% *+&+ 3% (./40%*&% &%, %<'31%*('+,'3/. . &%, /+0<'3/.
Q*. (+3-+,/%*1% C3+3 3.* 3.>0% 1.&. ,+3 B',.3.B2+3 L-% 3% (.*B'%3+ *. (./40%*&%0R %3
%0':'0 ,+ (%:-%0+ . %, /-1'3/. 40.4'.3 (./. 0%:,+ -*'=%03+, &% 4%0(%4(')* %3 +00.K+0
&%, /-*&. +, /+0<'3/. E +, %<'31%*('+,'3/.D N . (./40%*&.M ,-%:. -31%&%3 3.*
'&'.1+3 N
%0. 3' 3% 1%/% . 3' 3% &%340%('+ %* 1+, /%&'&+ ,.3 B-*&+/%*1.3 B',.3)B'(.3 &%
-*+ .>0+ E 3' 3% 0%(,+/+ 1+* '*1%*3+/%*1% %, &%0%(5. &% *. (./40%*&%0,+ E &% *.
5+>,+0 &% %,,+ S4.0 L-C 5+(%03% (021'(.T ./40%*&%0 %3(,+0%(%0 %3 K-31+/%*1% %,
.B'('. &% -31%&%3 '* &-&+ 4-%&%* K-7:+0 ,+ B',.3.B2+ %* *./>0% &%, 3%*1'&. (./O*M
,. /.,%31. %3 L-% 3' %, N3%*1'&. (./O*N E %, N3%*1'/'%*1.N *. (./40%*&%* ,+ B',.3.B2+
,+ B',.3.B2+ 32 ,.3 (./40%*&% 4%0B%(1+/%*1% >'%* 31%&%3 *. %<4,'(+* + ,.3 B',)3.B.3
4%0. %,,.3 ,.3 %<4,'(+* + -31%&%3 31%&%3 *. L-'%0%* (./40%*&%0 ,+ 4'%7+ &%,
/+0<'31+ %B%>=0% 4%0. %31C* 3%:-0.3 &% L-% %, /+0<'31+ %B%>=0% (./40%*&%
4%0B%(1+/%*1% >'%* ,+ '*(./40%*3')* &% -31%&%3 E 3.>0% 1.&. Q4-%3 ,.3 (0%. /63
0%1.0('&.3 L-% '*(-,1.3R ,+ (.*B%3')* &%,'('.3+/%*1% N'*.B%*3'=+N L-% -31%&%3 5+(%*
&% %,,+

% "# $ # "

, 0'/%0 .*:0%3. -*&'+, &% ,+ %1%0:%*('+ Q +023 3%41'%/>0% &% 9A R 5+

+-1.0'7+&. +, /-*&. + 3-(-/>'0 + ,+ %-B.0'+ 4.0 / + &,.3 40.&-(1.3 &%1%0:%*1%3 *.
3),. *. 1'%*%* *'*:-*+ +((')* *.('=+ 3.>0% ,+ 4'%, 3'*. L-% %3 4.3'>,% L-% 4-%&+*
3+,=+0 &% ,+ 3','(.3'3 + ,.3 /'*%0.3 3.3 40.&-(1.3 &%3&% 5+(% +,:-*.3 +8.3 3.*

W +3 /+0(+3 &% 40.&-(1.3 (.00%34.*&%* + ,+3 -1','7+&+3 %* 0+*('+ * (+&+ 4+23 4-%&%* 5+(%03% ,+3
3-31'1-('.*%3 &%, (+3. G H
Roland Barthes Mitologías

.>K%1. &% -*+ 4->,'('&+& 1+* /+3'=+ L-% 5.E B.0/+* 4+01% &% %3+ 7.*+ &% ,+ ='&+
(.1'&'+*+ &% ,.3 B0+*(%3%3 + ,+ L-% ,.3 43'(.+*+,'31+3 3' %31-='%0+* +, &2+ &%>%02+* 3'*
&-&+ 1./+0 %* (-%*1+ * %3% (+3. 3%02+

O1', .4.*%0,% %, 43'(.+*6,'3'3 &% ,.3 ,2L-'&.3 4-0'B'(+ &.0%3 Q,%K2+R +, &% ,.3
4.,=.3 3+4.*'7+&.3 0# 1 ( 2 . &%1%0:%*1%3 03 ( * / 2 +3 0%,+('.*%3
&%, 0%/%&'. E &%, /+, &%, 40.&-(1. E &% ,+ 3-('%&+& 3.* /-E &'B%0%*1%3 %* -*. -
.10. (+3.
.0 %K%/4,. ,+3 ,%K2+3 5+* 3'&. (.*3'&%0+&+3 3'%/40% (./. -*+ 3-%01% &% B-%:.
,2L-'&. (-E+ +((')* &%>% 3%0 (-'&+&.3+/%*1% (.*10.,+&+ %* (+3. (.*10+0'. %, .>K%1.
0%3-,1+ +1+(+&. NL-%/+&.NM ,+ ,%E%*&+ '/4,2('1+ &% %31% :C*%0. &% 40.&-(1.3
&%3(+*3+ %* ,+ '&%+ &% -*+ /.&'B'(+(')* ='.,%*1+ +>0+3'=+ &% ,+ /+1%0'+M ,+3
:+0+*12+3 3.* &% .0&%* L-2/'(. . /-1',+*1%D %, 40.&-(1. N&%310-E%N ,+ 3-('%&+& .0
%, (.*10+0'. ,.3 4.,=.3 3.* %,%/%*1.3 3%4+0+&.0%3M 3- 4+4%, '&%+, 0+&'(+ %* ,'>%0+0 +,
.>K%1. &% 3- '/4%0B%((')* ('0(-*31+*('+,D +5.0+ 3% N%<4-,3+N ,+ 3-('%&+& *. 3% ,+
&%310-E%M %* ,+ '/+:'*%02+ / ,+ 3-('%&+& %3 -* 4.>0% %*%/':. /+,10%(5. E *%:0.
L-% 5-E% 40%3-0.3. &% ,+ 5%0/.3+ 0.4+ 4-0+ +*1% ,+ 3.,+ +/%*+7+ &%, K-'('. &% /
.3 (,.0.3 E ,.3 +/.*'+(.3 '*&-&+>,%/%*1% 3.* ,.3 &%,%:+&.3 &% -*+ 3-%01% &%
B-%:. 1.1+, 3+,=+&.0 4%0. ('%:.M ,.3 4.,=.3 %* (+/>'. 3.* 3%,%(1'=.3 %/4-K+*
(.*&-(%* ,+ 3-('%&+& + 10+=C3 &% ,+ 10+/+ &%, .>K%1. %316* %* B-*(')* &% 4.,'(2+ *.
&% :-%00+ 31+ &'31'*(')* 1'%*% 3-3 (.00%34.*&%*('+3 %1*.:06B'(+3D %, ,2L-'&. L-2/'(.
40.,.*:+ %, :%31. &% ,+ ,+=+*&%0+ L-% B0'%:+ 3- 0.4+M ,.3 4.,=.3 0%/4,+7+* +, &%,
+/+ &% (+3+ L-% +40'%1+ E 5+(% :'0+0 ,+ 0.4+ + ,. ,+0:. &% ,+ 4',%1+
%0. &%*10. &%, .0&%* &% ,.3 4.,=.3 5+(% B+,1+ .4.*%0 +3'/'3/. ,+ 4->,'('&+&
43'(.,):'(+ + ,+ 4->,'('&+& 43'(.+*+,21'(+ Q-1','7. %31+ 4+,+>0+ 3'* +3':*+0,% -*+
3':*'B'(+(')* &% %3(-%,+ 4+01'(-,+0R + >,+*(-0+ ( %K%/4,. B-*&+ 3-
40%31':'. %* ,+ %='&%*('+ &% -* 0%3-,1+&.M 3% %31'/-,+ ,+ =+*'&+& E ,+ +4+0'%*('+
3.('+, /%&'+*1% ,+ (./4+0+(')* &% &.3 .>K%1.3 -*. &% ,.3 (+2+,%3 %3 % >,+*(. L-%
%, .10. + 4->,'('&+& / 1+/>'C* '*&'(+ %, %B%(1. &%, 40.&-(1. Q%* B.0/+
3-4%0,+1'=+ 4.0 3-4-%31.R 4%0. 3.>0% 1.&. &%3(->0% %, 40.(%3. &% 3- +((')*M &% %31+
/+*%0+ ='*(-,+ +, (.*3-/'&.0 %* -*+ %34%('% &% &% ,+ 3-31+*('+ ,.
=-%,=% ()/4,'(% &% -* ,.:0. E E+ *. 3.,+/%*1% >%*%B'('+0'. &% -* 0%3-,1+&.M +L-2 ,+
/+1%0'+ %316 40.='31+ &% %31+&.3@=+,.0%3
/ -1','7+ &.3 &% %3.3 %31+&.3@=+,.0%3 >+31+*1% *-%=.3 &%*10. &%, .0&%* &%
,.3 &%1%0:%*1%3D ,. 40.B-*&. E ,. %34-/.3. %('0 L-% / ,'/4'+ %* 40.B-*&'&+&
Q=%0 %, (.01./%10+K% 4->,'('1+0'.R %3 3-4.*%0 L-% ,+ 0.4+ %3 40.B-*&+ (.3+ L-% K+/63
3% 5+>2+ 4%*3+&. E %L-'=+,% 3'* &-&+ + /+:*'B'(+0,+ + %31+>,%(%0,+ (./. -* .>K%1.
5+,+:+&.0 4+0+ %3.3 .3(-0.3 '/4-,3.3 + 3%0 (->'%01.3 E + 3%0 +(+0'('+&.3 L-% %<'31%*
%* 1.&. (-%04. 5-/+*. * (-+*1. + ,+ %34-/+ %3 >'%* (.*.('&+ ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* &%
,-K. L-% 3% ,% +3':*+ *1% 1.&. +4+0%*1+ '*-1','&+&M &%34-C3 3- 40.,'B%0+(')*
+>-*&+*1% B6(', (+3' '*B'*'1+ 4%0/'1% 3-4.*%0 %* ,+ 3-31+*('+ &% &.*&% 3-0:% -*
:%0/%* =':.0.3. -*+ %3%*('+ 3+*+ E 4.1%*1% -*+ :0+* 0'L-%7+ &% %,%/%*1.3 +(1'=.3
%* %, 4%L-%8. =.,-/%* .0':'*+,M B'*+,/%*1% %31'/-,+ %* %, (.*3-/'&.0 -*+ '/+:%*
+C0%+ &% ,+ /+1%0'+ -* /.&. &% (.*1+(1. + ,+ =%7 ,':%0. E =%01'(+, 4%03%:-'&. (./.
,+ B%,'('&+& 1+*1. %* %, .0&%* :-31+1'=. 0$ %*10%/%3%3 ='*.3R (./. %* %, &%
,+3 =%31'/%*1+3 Q/-3%,'*+3 1-,%3R E %* %, &% ,.3 K+>.*%3 Q%310%,,+ L-% 1./+ 3- >+8.R
+ %34-/+ '*(,-3'=% 4-%&% 3%0 3':*. &% ('%01+ %34'0'1-+,'&+& %* ,+ /%&'&+ L-% 3%
(.*3'&%0+ +, %3420'1- 4 &% 3+(+0 1.&. &% *+&+ -*+ :0+* 3-4%0B'('% &% %B%(1.3 (.*
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4%L-%8. =.,-/%* &% (+-3+3 Q,+3 (0%/+3 1'%*%* -* 43'(.+*6,'3'3 1.1+,/%*1% &'31'*1.D
L-'1+* ,+3 +00-:+3 %, &.,.0 %, +0&.0 %1(R . '/4.01+*1% %3 5+>%0 3+>'&. %*/+3(+0+0
,+ B-*(')* &%, &%1%0:%*1% >+K. ,+ '/+:%* &%,'('.3+ &% -*+ 3-31+*('+ + ,+ =%7 40.B-*&+
E +C0%+ L-% 4-%&+ 0%:-,+0 %, .0&%* /.,%(-,+0 &%, 1%K'&. 3'* +1+(+0,. -B.0'+ L-% 4.0
.10+ 4+01% *. &%>% 5+(%0 .,='&+0 L-% 5+E -* 4,+*. &.*&% ( E / &+* ,. /'3/.M
%, 4,+*. &%, +*:,.@5.,+*&C3 5

% + $ %

, O,1'/. (5'31% &% 5+4,'* %3 5+>%0 5%(5. 4+3+0 ,+ /'1+& &% 3- 40%/'.
3.='C1'(. + ,+3 +0(+3 &%, +>+1% '%00% * %, B.*&. %31. %L-'=+,% + %31+>,%(%0 -*+
':-+,&+& &% *+1-0+,%7+ %*10% %, 40.,%1+0'. E %, 4.>0% 5+4,'* 3'%/40% 5+ ='31. +,
40.,%1+0'. >+K. ,.3 0+3:.3 &%, 4.>0%D &% +,,2 3-0:% ,+ B-%07+ 5-/+*+ &% 3-3
0%40%3%*1+('.*%3 4%0. 1+/>'C* 3- +/>':V%&+& 4.,21'(+ 31. 0%3-,1+ ='3'>,% (.*
(,+0'&+& %* %3% B',/ +&/'0+>,% L-% %3 52 +0,'1.3 0.7+ 3'* (%3+0 %,
1%/+ 40.,%1+0'. 4%0. K+/63 ,. +3-/% 4.,21'(+/%*1%M *.3 .B0%(% -* 40.,%1+0'. +O*
('%:. E /'31'B'(+&. &%B'*'&. 4.0 ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ '*/%&'+1+ &% 3-3 *%(%3'&+&%3 E 3-
+,'%*+(')* 1.1+, %* /+*.3 &% 3-3 +/.3 Q4+10.*%3 E 4.,'(2+3R +0+ 5+4,'* %,
40.,%1+0'. 3':-% 3'%*&. -* 5./>0% L-% 1'%*% 5+/>0% ,+3 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3 &%,
5+/>0% 3'%/40% 3.* C4'(+3D :0.3.0 &%3/%3-0+&. &% ,.3 3+*&\'(5%3 02.3 &% ,%(5%
B0-1+3 L-% 3% +00.K+* *%:,':%*1%/%*1% +4%*+3 /.0&'&+3 ./. -*+ >-0,+ ,+ /6L-'*+
&% +,'/%*1.3 Q&% %3%*('+ 4+10.*+,R 40.4.0('.*+ 3),. +,'/%*1.3 %* 3%0'% 4%L-%8.3 E
='3'>,%/%*1% &%3+>0'&.3 -/%0:'&. %* 3- 5+/>0-*+ %, 5./>0% +0,'1.3 3% 3'1O+
3'%/40% K-31. 4.0 &%>+K. &% ,+ 1./+ &% (.*('%*('+ 4.,21'(+M 4+0+ C, ,+ 5-%,:+ %3 -*+
(+16310.B% 4.0L-% +/%*+7+ + -* 5./>0% 1.1+,/%*1% (%:+&. 4.0 3- 5+/>0%M %31%
5./>0% 3),. +,(+*7+ ,+ (.*&'(')* .>0%0+ (-+*&. %, 4.>0% E %, 40.,%1+0'. (.'*('&%*
>+K. ,+ /'0+&+ QE ,.3 :.,4%3R &% ,+ 4.,'(2+ '31)0'(+/%*1% +0,'1.3 0%40%3%*1+ /63 .
/%*.3 +, .>0%0. &% ,+ 0%31+-0+(')* +, 4%)* L-% 3% 0%>%,+ (.*10+ ,+ /6L-'*+
&%3+/4+0+&. 4.0 ,+ 5-%,:+ B+3('*+&. 4.0 %, 40.>,%/+ &%, 4+* Q%* %, 3%*1'&. 40.4'.
&% ,+ 4+,+>0+R 4%0. +O* '*(+4+7 &% +((%&%0 +, (.*.('/'%*1. &% ,+3 (+-3+3 4.,21'(+3 E
+ ,+ %<':%*('+ &% -*+ %310+1%:'+ (.,%(1'=+
%0. K-31+/%*1% 4.0L-% +0,'1.3 +4+0%(% (./. -*+ 3-%01% &% 40.,%1+0'. 1.04%
1.&+=2+ %<1%0'.0 + ,+ 0%=.,-(')* 3- B-%07+ 0%40%3%*1+1'=+ %3 '*/%*3+ '*:-*+ .>0+
3.('+,'31+ 5+ ,,%:+&. 1.&+=2+ + %<40%3+0 ,+ (.*&'(')* 5-/',,+&+ &%, 10+>+K+&.0 (.*
1+*1+ ='.,%*('+ E :%*%0.3'&+& ),. 0%(51 L-'763 5+ %*10%='31. ,+ *%(%3'&+& 4+0+ %,
+01% 3.('+,'31+ &% 1./+0 +, 5./>0% %* =234%0+3 &% ,+ 0%=.,-(')* %3 &%('0 +, 5./>0%
3.,. +O* ('%:. + 4-*1. &% +>0'03% + ,+ ,-7 0%=.,-('.*+0'+ 4.0 %, %<(%3. N*+1-0+,N &%
3-3 &%3&'(5+3 , /.310+0 +, .>0%0. E+ %/4%8+&. %* -* (./>+1% (.*3('%*1%
3->3-/'&. %* ,+ (+-3+ E %, 4+01'&. ,+3 .10+3 .>0+3 &+* (-%*1+ &% -*+ 0%+,'&+&
4.,21'(+ *%(%3+0'+ 4%0. 3'* B-%07+ %31C1'(+
5+4,'* (.*B.0/% + ,+ N'&%+ &% 0%(51 /-%310+ 3- (%:-%0+ +, 4O>,'(. &% /.&.
1+, L-% %, 4O>,'(. =% %* %, /'3/. /./%*1. +, ('%:. E 3- %34%(16(-,.M =%0 L-%
+,:-'%* *. =% %3 ,+ /%K.0 /+*%0+ &% =%0 '*1%*3+/%*1% ,. L-% C, *. =%D %* ,+3
/+0'.*%1+3 ,.3 *'8.3 &%*-*('+* + -':*., ,. L-% C31% B'*:% *. =%0 .0 %K%/4,.
+0,'1.3 %* 3- (%,&+ /'/+&. 4.0 3-3 :-+0&'+*+3 ,,%=+ ,+ ='&+ '&%+, &%,
4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 *.01%+/%0'(+*.D (0-7+&. &% 4'%0*+3 ,%% 3- &'+0'. >+K. -* 0%10+1. &%
'*(.,* %0. ,+ 3-B'('%*('+ +&.0+>,% &% ,+ 4.31-0+ ,+ &%3+(0%&'1+ (./4,%1+/%*1%
Roland Barthes Mitologías

5+(% L-% %* +&%,+*1% *. 3%+ 4.3'>,% 0%B-:'+03% %* %,,+ 3'* .>3%0=+0 ,+ *-%=+
+,'%*+(')* L-% (.*1'%*% .3 /63 ,%=%3 %*1-3'+3/.3 3% =-%,=%* =+*.3M +, 4.>0% 3% ,.
3%4+0+ 3'%/40% >0-3(+/%*1% &% 3-3 1%*1+('.*%3 * &%B'*'1'=+ %3 4.0 %3. L-% %,
5./>0% +0,'1.3 10'-*B+ %* 1.&.3 ,.3 (+3.3D 4.0L-% %3(+4+ &% 1.&. 0%(5+7+ 1.&+
(./+*&'1+ E K+/63 '*='31% %* %, 5./>0% .10+ (.3+ L-% +, 5./>0% 3.,. - +*+0L-2+
&'3(-1'>,% 4.,21'(+/%*1% L-'763 0%40%3%*1% %* +01% ,+ B.0/+ /63 %B'(+7 &% ,+
0%=.,-(')*

"

, /'31%0'. &% ,.3 4,+1.3 =.,+&.0%3 5+ 3'&. +*1% 1.&. 1.1+,/%*1% 1%00%310%D 3%
3-4.*2+ L-% %, 4,+1. =%*2+ &% ,. &%3(.*.('&. 3.='C1'(. &% %3% /-*&. (.*
'*1%*('.*%3 1+* 4.(. (,+0+3 (./. .10. 4,+*%1+ E+ %31+ B.0/+ &%, /'1. (.*1%*2+ %*
:%0/%* 3- &%3+00.,,. 4,+*%1+0'.M 3' %, 4,+1. &% +01%B+(1. 3.='C1'(. 3% =.,=') 1+*
B6(',/%*1% +01%B+(1. /+0('+*. %3 4.0L-% %* 0%+,'&+& ,+ /'1.,.:2+ .(('&%*1+,
+10'>-E% +, /-*&. (./-*'31+ ,+ +,1%0'&+& &% -* 4,+*%1+D ,+ %3 -* /-*&.
'*1%0/%&'. %*10% ,+ '%00+ E +01%
),. L-% %* 3- &%=%*'0 ,. /+0+=',,.3. 5+ (+/>'+&. &% 3%*1'&. 3% 5+ 4+3+&.
&%, /'1. &%, (./>+1% +, &%, K-'('. B%(1'=+/%*1% +01% 5+31+ *-%=+ .0&%* %3
'/4+0('+,D +01% 3% +4.3%*1+ %* '%00+ 4+0+ K-7:+0 + ,+ '%00+ 4%0. +*1%3 &%
(.*&%*+0 +01% L-'%0% .>3%0=+0 %*1%*&%0 + :0+* &'34-1+ @ 3% 3'%*1% %*
+&%,+*1% (./. -*+ (-,4+M %, 4%,':0. *. %3 40.4.0('.*+&. + ,+ 0+7)* *1.*(%3 3%
0%(-00% /21'(+/%*1% + -*+ /'0+&+ (%,%31% ,. >+31+*1% 4.&%0.3+ (./. 4+0+ '*1'/'&+0
+ +/>+3 4+01%3 .3 +*+,'31+3 &%, 4.0=%*'0 4.&06* %<4,'(+0 ,.3 %,%/%*1.3 B':-0+1'=.3
&% %31+ 4.1%*('+ ,.3 1%/+3 .*20'(.3 L-% ,+ (./4.*%*D ,+ 0%&.*&%7 &%, +01%B+(1. ,+
1%03-0+ &% 3- /%1+, %3% %31+&. 3-4%0,+1'=. &%, /-*&. 0%40%3%*1+&. 4.0 -*+ /+1%0'+
3'* (.31-0+M + (./40%*&%/.3 /%K.0 1.&. ,. L-% &%*10. &% *-%310. (+/4.
4%0(%41'=. 4+01'('4+ &%, 1%/+ &%, +,D ,.3 6*:-,.3 ,.3 4,+*.3 '00%:-,+0%3 %, 0-'&. ,+
&'3(.*1'*-'&+& &% ,+3 3-4%0B'('%3 .&. %31. E+ 5+ 3'&. /'*-('.3+/%*1% 4,+*1%+&. %*
,+3 *.=%,+3 &% ('%*('+@B'((')* (-E+3 &%3(0'4('.*%3 5+* 3'&. 0%1./+&+3 ,'1%0+,/%*1%
4.0 ,+ 43'(.3'3 /+0('+*+
. /63 3':*'B'(+1'=. %3 L-% '/4,2('1+/%*1% +01% +4+0%(% &.1+&. &% -*
&%1%0/'*'3/. 5'31)0'(. (+,(+&. 3.>0% %, &% ,+ '%00+ ' ,.3 4,+1.3 3.* ,.3 =%52(-,.3 &%
:%):0+B.3 /+0('+*.3 ,,%:+&.3 4+0+ .>3%0=+0 ,+ (.*B':-0+(')* &% ,+ '%00+ P(./. ,.
5+ &'(5. &% ='=+ =.7 *. 3C L-C 3+>'. *.01%+/%0'(+*. E (./. 3'* &-&+ /-(5.3 ,.
4'%*3+* %* =.7 >+K+P %3 4.0L-% ,+ 5'31.0'+ &% +01% 5+ /+&-0+&. +, /'3/. 0'1/.
L-% ,+ &% *-%310. /-*&. E 40.&-('&. :%):0+B.3 %* %, /'3/. 3':,. %* L-% 5%/.3
&%3(->'%01. ,+ :%.:0+B2+ E ,+ B.1.:0+B2+ +C0%+ , O*'(. +=+*(% ,. (.*31'1-E% %,
=%52(-,. +01% +4+0%(% (./. -*+ '%00+ 3.8+&+ &.1+&. &% +,+3 4%0B%(1+3 (./. %*
(-+,L-'%0 3-%8. %* L-% 3% '&%+,'7+ 3 40.>+>,% L-% 3' &%3%/>+0(63%/.3 %* +01%
1+, (-+, ,. 5%/.3 (.*310-'&. +,,2 %*(.*10+02+/.3 + ,+ '%00+M E %*10% %3.3 &.3
40.&-(1.3 &% -*+ /'3/+ '31.0'+ *. 3+>02+/.3 &'31'*:-'0 (-6, %3 %, *-%310. -%3
4+0+ L-% +01% 3% &%&'L-% +, (.*.('/'%*1. :%.:06B'(. 5+(% B+,1+ 4.0 ('%01. L-%
1+/>'C* 5+E+ 1%*'&. 3- 310+>)* 3- '(5%,%1 3- !'&+, &% ,+ ,+(5% E
40.:0%3'=+/%*1% ,+3 /'3/+3 *+('.*%3 ,+3 /'3/+3 :-%00+3 ,.3 /'3/.3 3+>'.3 E ,.3
/'3/.3 5./>0%3 L-% *.3.10.3
+ ,):'(+ .>,':+ + L-% 1%*:+ 1+/>'C* ,+3 /'3/+3 0%,':'.*%3 E %* %34%('+, ,+
Roland Barthes Mitologías

*-%310+ 4.0 3-4-%31. ,+ &% ,.3 B0+*(%3%3 .3 /+0('+*.3 5+ &'(5. # ( #

1-='%0.* *%(%3+0'+/%*1% -* 0'31.M 4.0 ,. 1+*1. 1'%*%* -* +4+ QE +&%/63 %, ('3/+
+>'%01.RM &% *. 3%0 +32 *. 5+>02+* 4.&'&. ('=','7+03% 5+31+ %, 4-*1. &% '*=%*1+0 %,
4,+1. '*1%04,+*%1+0'. +0+ %3% &'+0'. ,+ 0%,':')* E %, 40.:0%3. 1C(*'(. >'%*%3
':-+,/%*1% 40%('.3.3 &% ,+ ('=','7+(')* *. 4-%&%* /+0(5+0 3%4+0+&.3 -6
%3(0'>% " " 4 4
7 7 8
1 -
./. 3% =% %31+ 43'(.3'3 %316 B-*&+&+ 3.>0% %, /'1. &% ,. '&C*1'(. %3 &%('0 &%,
&.>,% %0. +L-2 (./. 3'%/40% %, &.>,% %316 +&%,+*1+&. %, &.>,% %3 K-%7 ,
%*B0%*1+/'%*1. &%, 31% E &%, %31% E+ *. %3 /63 %, 4-0. (./>+1% &%, >'%* E &%, /+,
3'*. -*+ 3-%01% &% (.*B,'(1. /+*'L-%. ,+*7+&. >+K. ,.3 .K.3 &% -*+ 1%0(%0+ /'0+&+M
4.31-,+ ,+ %<'31%*('+ &% -*+ 3-4%0*+1-0+,%7+ + *'=%, &%, ('%,. 4.0L-% %* %, ('%,. %316
%, %00.0 * +&%,+*1% %, ('%,. %3 3'* /%16B.0+ %, (+/4. &.*&% +4+0%(% ,+ /-%01%
+1)/'(+ , K-%7 *+(% %* %, /'3/. ,-:+0 &.*&% %, =%0&-:. +/%*+7+
%0. %3% K-%7 P. /63 >'%* %3% 3-4%0='3.0P ,. +(+>+/.3 &% =%0
(-'&+&.3+/%*1% 0%'*=%31'&. 4.0 ,+ %34'0'1-+,'&+& (./O* E %* (.*3%(-%*('+ &'B%0'0
/-E 4.(. &% -*+ 4-0+ 40.E%((')* 1%00%310% .0L-% -*. &% ,.3 0+3:.3 (.*31+*1%3 &%
1.&+ /'1.,.:2+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ %3 %3+ '/4.1%*('+ 4+0+ '/+:'*+0 +, .10. +
+,1%0'&+& %3 %, (.*(%41. /63 +*1'461'(. 4+0+ %, N3%*1'&. (./O*N .&. /'1.
B+1+,/%*1% 1'%*&% + -* +*10.4./.0B'3/. %310%(5. E ,. L-% %3 4%.0 + ,. L-% 4.&02+
,,+/+03% -* +*10.4./.0B'3/. &% (,+3% +01% *. %3 3.,+/%*1% ,+ '%00+ %3 ,+ '%00+
4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ %, (+*1.*('1. &% 4%*3+/'%*1. (-,1'=+&. Q. %<40%3+&.R 4.0 ,+ :0+*
40%*3+ ',-310+&+ 4%*+3 B.0/+&. %* %, ('%,. +01% L-%&+ &% %31+ /+*%0+
4.0 ,+ '&%*1'&+& ,+ /63 B-%01% &% ,+3 +40.4'+('.*%3

% &"

-:%0'0 %, %34%(16(-,. (./4,+('%*1% &% ,.3 &%B%(1.3 &%, .0&%* 3% 5+ =-%,1. -*

/%&'. 4+0+&)K'(. E + ,+ =%7 4%0%*1.0'. &% :,.0'B'(+0,. % +L-2 %, %3L-%/+ &% %31+
*-%=+ &%/.310+(')*D 1./+0 %, =+,.0 &% .0&%* L-% 3% L-'%0% 0%31+-0+0 . '/4-,3+0
/+*'B%31+0 +/4,'+/%*1% 3-3 4%L-%8%(%3 ,+3 '*K-31'('+3 L-% 40.&-(% ,+3 =%K+('.*%3
L-% 3-3('1+ 3-/%0:'0,. %* 3- '/4%0B%((')* *+1-0+,M &%34-C3 + O,1'/. /./%*1.
3+,=+0,. . /63 >'%* ,+ 4%3+&+ B+1+,'&+& &% 3-3 1+0+3 S K%/4,.3T .
B+,1+*
./% -* %KC0('1.M /+*'B'%31% 3'* 1+4-K.3 %, /','1+0'3/. &% 3-3 K%B%3 %, (+06(1%0
,'/'1+&. '*K-31. &% 3- &'3('4,'*+ E 3-/%0K+ %* %3+ 1'0+*2+ 1.*1+ + -* 3%0 /%&'.
B+,'>,% 4%0. 3'/461'(. +0L-%1'4. &%, %34%(1+&.0 -%:. + O,1'/. /./%*1. &C =-%,1+
%, 3./>0%0. /6:'(. E 3+L-% &% C, ,+ '/+:%* &% -* %KC0('1. 10'-*B+*1% >+*&%0+3 +,
='%*1. +&.0+>,% +, (-+, +-*L-% :.,4%+&. 3),. 3% 4-%&% 3%0 B'%, (./. + ,+ /-K%0 &%
:+*+0%,,% 08 " 2
./% .10. %KC0('1.D /-%310% %, B+*+1'3/. ('%*12B'(. &% 3-3 '*:%*'%0.3 3-
(%:-%0+M 3%8+,% 1.&. ,. L-% -* 0':.0 1+* '*5-/+*. &%310-E%D 5./>0%3 4+0%K+3 -%:.
3+L-% 3- 40.4'+ >+*&%0+ 3+,=% +, %KC0('1. 4.0 %, 40.:0%3. ='*(-,% ,+ :0+*&%7+ &% -*.
+, 10'-*B. &%, .10. 0# &% J-,%3 .ER '*+,/%*1% ,+ ':,%3'+D &':+ 3- B+0'3%23/.
&% -*+ /+*%0+ +0&'%*1% ,+ %310%(5%7 &% %3420'1- &% 3-3 >%+1.3 '*&'L-% L-% 1.&. %31.
4-%&% 3%0 (0'/'*+, *. .(-,1% *'*:-*+ &% ,+3 /'3%0'+3 &% ,+ B% ,-%:. 1

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&%K% %*1%*&%0 L-% ,+ ,%10+ 4.0 '*:0+1+ L-% 3%+ %3 -*+ =2+ &% 3+,=+(')* 4+0+ 3-3
40.4'+3 =2(1'/+3 E K-31'B'L-% %, 0':.0 /.0+, 4.0 ,+ 3+*1'&+& &% +L-%,,.3 + L-'%*%3
+>0-/+ 0# &% 0+5+/ 0%%*%R
3 -*+ 3-%01% &% 5./%.4+12+D 3% (-0+* ,+3 &-&+3 (.*10+ ,+ ':,%3'+ (.*10+ %,
%KC0('1. (.* ,+ /'3/+ %*B%0/%&+& &% ,+ ':,%3'+ E &%, %KC0('1. % '*.(-,+ -*+
%*B%0/%&+& >+*+, 4+0+ 40%=%*'0 . (-0+0 -*+ %3%*('+, %>%,+03% (.*10+ ,+
'*5-/+*'&+& &% ,.3 =+,.0%3 &%, .0&%* 3% 4'%*3+ %3 -*+ %*B%0/%&+& (./O* *+1-0+,
%<(-3+>,%M *. 5+(% B+,1+ %*B0%*1+0,+ 3'*. /63 >'%* %<.0('7+0,+ (./. 3' B-%0+ -* (+3.
&% 4.3%3')* % 5+(% +(1-+0 +, %*B%0/. ,+ 0%40%3%*1+(')* &% 3- /+, 3% ,. (.*&-(% +
(.*.(%0 %, 0.310. &% 3- 0%>%,')*M E &%3+4+0%(% ,+ 0%>%,')* .0L-% -*+ =%7
&'31+*('+&. /'0+&. %, .0&%* 3),. %3 /%7(,+ /+*'L-%+ E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. B+1+,M :+*+&.0
%* +/>.3 1+>,%0.3 E 4.0 (.*3':-'%*1% >%*CB'(. , /+, '*/+*%*1% &% ,.3 &%B%(1.3 %3
0%(-4%0+&. 4.0 %, >'%* 10+3(%*&%*1% &% ,+ 0%,':')* &% ,+ 4+10'+ &% ,+ ':,%3'+ %1( *
4.(. &% /+, N(.*B%3+&.N %='1+ 0%(.*.(%0 /-(5. /+, .(-,1.
.&%/.3 0%%*(.*10+0 %* ,+ 4->,'('&+& -* %3L-%/+ *.=%,%3(. L-% &+ (-%*1+
(+>+, &% %31+ *-%=+ =+(-*+ % 10+1+ &% ,+ 4->,'('&+& . + 5'31.0'%1+ 3'%/40%
(./'%*7+ (.* -* :0'1. &% '*&':*+(')* &'0':'&. + ,+ /+0:+0'*+D NS * >+1'&. + ,+
/+0:+0'*+T X ' 4%*3+0,.YN NS +0:+0'*+T X - 12. 3% 4.*&06 B-0'.3.YN ,-%:. ,.3 .K.3 3%
+>0%* ,+ (.*('%*('+ 3% +/.,&+ ,+ /+0:+0'*+ %3 -* &%,'('.3. +,'/%*1. +:0+&+>,%
&':%31'=. %(.*)/'(. O1', %* (-+,L-'%0 ('0(-*31+*('+ .*.(%/.3 ,+ /.0+,%K+D NX , B'*
3% 5+* ,'>%0+&. &% -* 40%K-'('. L-% ,%3 (.31+>+ (+0.YN % ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ %, .0&%*
,.3 ,'>%0+ &% 3-3 40%K-'('.3 40.:0%3'31+3 , %KC0('1. S=+,.0 '&%+,T ' 4%*3+0,. !%+*
3-3 =%K+('.*%3 3- /','1+0'3/. ,+ (%:-%0+ 3'%/40% 4.3'>,% &% 3-3 K%B%3 + ':,%3'+
S'*B+,'>,%T ,+/%*1+>,%/%*1% %3 /-E &-&.3. L-% ,. 3%+ !%+* 3-3 >%+1.3 3-3
3+(%0&.1%3 3'* 4.&%0 3- (.*B.0/'3/. (0'/'*+, ,-%:. %, 3%*1'&. (./O* 0%+,'7+ %,
>+,+*(%D SL-C 3.* ,+3 4%L-%8+3 %3(.0'+3 &%, .0&%* +, ,+&. &% 3-3 =%*1+K+3T '%* =+,%
%, 40%('. &% -*+ =+(-*+ SU-C '/4.01+ ' L-% ,+ /+0:+0'*+ 3%+ 4-0+
:0+3+ 3' 3- 0%*&'/'%*1. %3 3-4%0'.0 +, &% ,+ /+*1%(+T SU-C '/4.01+ '
L-% %, .0&%* 3%+ -* 4.(. >0-1+, . -* 4.(. ('%:. 3' *.3 4%0/'1% ='='0 B6(',/%*1%T ,
B'*+, 1+/>'C* *.3.10.3 *.3 %*(.*10+/.3 ,'>0%3 &% -* 40%K-'('. L-% *.3 (.31+>+ (+0.
&%/+3'+&. (+0. L-% *.3 (.31+>+ &%/+3'+&.3 %3(0O4-,.3 &%/+3'+&+3 0%>%,'.*%3
&%/+3'+&.3 (./>+1%3 E &%/+3'+&+ 3.,%&+&

"$

+E /-(5. (+3+/'%*1. %* *-%310+ >-%*+ 40%*3+ ',-310+&+D :0+*&%3

/+10'/.*'.3 Q%, 5'K. &%, /+0'3(+, J-'* E ,+ 5'K+ &% -* '*34%(1.0 &% B'*+*7+3 ,+ 5'K+ &%,
&-L-% &% +310'%3 E %, >+0)* &% !'10.,,%3R /+10'/.*'.3 4.0 +/.0 Q '33 -0.4+ A E
3- +/':. &% ,+ '*B+*('+R /+10'/.*'.3 QB-1-0.3R &% %310%,,+3 Q +0')* 0+*&. E J.3'+*%
+0'+*' +B !+,,.*% E '(5C,% .0:+*R +1-0+,/%*1% 1.&.3 %31.3 /+10'/.*'.3 *.
+4+0%(%* %* %, /'3/. /./%*1. 4-%3 3- ='01-& /'1.,):'(+ *. %3 ,+ /'3/+
, :0+* /+10'/.*'. Q+0'31.(061'(. . >-0:-C3R 0%34.*&% + ,+ B-*(')* +*(%310+, E
%<)1'(+ &% ,+ >.&+D %*10% ,+3 &.3 B+/','+3 %3 1+/>'C* %34%(16(-,. &% %3%
+ ,.3 .K.3 &% ,+ /-,1'1-& L-% 0.&%+ ,+ (.*3-*(')* &% ,+3 0'L-%7+3 + /-,1'1-&
%3 *%(%3+0'+M 4.0 %3. %, :0+* /+10'/.*'. 3'%/40% 3% 0%+,'7+ %* ,+ 4,+7+ 4O>,'(+
&%,+*1% &% ,+ ':,%3'+M +,,2 3% L-%/+ %, &'*%0. E (.* C, 3% %*(%:-%(% + ,.3 L-% 3% 0%O*%*
%* +3+/>,%+M 3% %(5+ +, >0+3%0. ,.3 -*'B.0/%3 E ,.3 10+K%3 %, +(%0. E ,+3 (.0>+1+3 Q&% ,+

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%:')* &% .*.0R %, %KC0('1. E %, :.>'%0*. 1.&.3 ,.3 :0+*&%3 4+4%,%3 &%, 1%+10.
>-0:-C3 ,.3 +:0%:+&.3 /','1+0%3 Q%*1%0*%('&.3R -* (+4'16* &% ,+ %:')* Q('%:.R E ,+
/-,1'1-& 4+0'3'%*3% Q(.*/.='&+R + B-%07+ ,+ ,%E %, %3420'1- %, (.0+7)* 1.&.3 ,.3
=+,.0%3 &%, .0&%* 3.* +00.K+&.3 K-*1.3 %* ,+ >.&+ (.*3-/'&.3 %* %, E + 3-
=%7 '*31'1-'&.3 /63 3),'&+/%*1% L-% *-*(+ 40%=+0'(+*&. :%*%0.3+/%*1% ,+ 0'L-%7+
*+1-0+, &% 1.&+ -*')* * N:0+* /+10'/.*'.N *. 5+E L-% .,='&+0,. %3 -*+ .4%0+(')*
B0-(12B%0+ &% (.*1+>','&+& L-% (.*3'31% %* 5+(%0 4+3+0 +, (0C&'1. &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %,
:0+=.3. &C>'1. &%, .0&%* %* +>3.0>%0 &%*10. &% ,+ %-B.0'+ 4O>,'(+ &% ,+ 4+0%K+ N,+
10'31% E 3+,=+K% 5'31.0'+ &% ,.3 5./>0%3ND %, .0&%* 3% +,'/%*1+ + %<4%*3+3 &%, +/.0M ,+
/%*1'0+ ,+ %<4,.1+(')* ,+ (.&'('+ 1.&. %, /+, 3.('+, >-0:-C3 %3 0%B,.1+&. 4.0 ,+
=%0&+& &% ,+ 4+0%K+
+ -*')* &% E,='+*% +04%*1'%0 '33 -0.4+ A E &% 3- +/':. &% ,+ '*B+*('+
%, %,%(10'('31+ '(5%, ]+0%/>.-0: 4%0/'1% &%3+00.,,+0 -*+ '/+:%* &'B%0%*1% ,+ &% ,+
(5.7+ B%,'7 0+('+3 + 3- 121-,. E,='+*% 5+>02+ 4.&'&. 0%+,'7+0 ,+ (+00%0+ >0',,+*1% &%
-*+ %310%,,+ ='+K+0 5+(%0 ('*% :+*+0 /-(5. &'*%0.M 3%*3+1+ E /.&%31+ 0%*-*(') + N,+
:,.0'+ %B2/%0+N E B'%, + 3- 4+3+&. &%34.3) + -* %,%(10'('31+ &% +,+'3%+- % *.3
40%3%*1+ + ,.3 K)=%*%3 %34.3.3 %* ,+ B+3% 4.3*-4('+, &% 3- -*')* %31+>,%('%*&. ,.3
56>'1.3 &% 3- B%,'('&+& '*31+,6*&.3% %* %, +*.*'/+1. &% -* &'3(0%1. (.*B.01D +00%:,+0
%, &%4+01+/%*1'1. 1./+0 %, &%3+E-*. '0 +, ('*% 5+(%0 ,+3 (./40+3
* %31% (+3. ,+ .4%0+(')* (.*3'31% 3'* &-&+ %* 4.*%0 +, 3%0='('. &%, /.&%,.
4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 1.&+ ,+ :,.0'+ *+1-0+, &% ,+ 4+0%K+D L-% %3+ B%,'('&+& /%7L-'*+ 4.0
&%B'*'(')* 4-%&+ 3+,=+ + ,.3 /',,.*%3 &% B0+*(%3%3 L-% 4.0 3- (.*&'(')* ,+
(./4+01%* + 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ 4-%&% %*.0:-,,%(%03% &% ,+ -*')* &% E,='+*%
+04%*1'%0 (./. +*1+8. ,+ ':,%3'+ (.>0+>+ B-%07+ E 40%31':'. (-+*&. +,:O*
+0'31)(0+1+ 1./+>+ ,.3 56>'1.3 , /+10'/.*'. /.&%31. &% '33 -0.4+ 3-
(.*/.=%&.0+ %*10+&+ &%34-C3 &% 1+*1+ :,.0'+ %* %, &%@4+01+/%/1'1. &% +,+'3%+-
%3 %, 0 &% +*%C L-% %,':% ,+ 0+4+ . -'3+ &% + !+,,'C0% ,+ .0&%* &% .*1%
+0/%,.D :0+* :,.0'+ 4+0+ ,+ 0+4+ .*1% +0/%,. E +,+'3%+-
, +/.0@/63@B-%01%@L-%@,+@:,.0'+ 0%B-%07+ ,+ /.0+, &%, " 3.('+,M *. %3
(.00%(1. 3+,'0 &% ,+ 40.4'+ (.*&'(')* %3 :,.0'.3. =.,=%0 + %,,+ * 0%(./4%*3+ ,+
(.*&'(')* 4.0 32 /'3/+ 4-%&% &%34,%:+0 3-3 =%*1+K+3 L-% %3%*('+,/%*1% 3.* ,+3
=%*1+K+3 &% ,+ B-:+ + B%,'('&+& %* %31% -*'=%03. 0+&'(+ %* K-:+0 + -*+ 3-%01% &%
%*(%00+/'%*1. &./C31'(.D (-%31'.*+0'.3 N43'(.,):'(.3N 5+>','&+&%3 +00%:,.3 (+3%0.3
+4+0+1.3 &%, 5.:+0 5.0+0'.3 .&. %3% 4+0+23. &% -1%*3','.3 40.4-%31. 4.0 6
#761 :,.0'B'(+ ,+ (,+-3-0+ &%, 5.:+0 ,+ '*10.=%03')* &% ,+ ='&+ (+3%0+ ,+3
.(-4+('.*%3 &% %3+ ='&+M ,. '*B+*1','7+ &%(,+0+ 3- '*.(%*('+ E ,. 3%:0%:+ &% -*+
0%34.*3+>','&+& 3.('+, /63 +/4,'+ N .3 (.0+7.*%3 -*+ (5.7+ N '* %/>+0:. %,
/-*&. 1+/>'C* %<'31% %0. %, +/.0 %34'0'1-+,'7+ ,+ (5.7+ E ,+ (5.7+ %*/+3(+0+ %,
1-:-0'.D 3% %<.0('7+ ,+ /'3%0'+ (.* 3- '/+:%* '&%+, ,+ 4.>0%7+
, (+3+/'%*1. &% %310%,,+3 3% 40%3%*1+ (+3' 3'%/40% >+K. 3- +34%(1. B-1-0.
%3+00.,,+ %, /'1. (+3' 4-0. &% ,+ 4+0%K+ Q+, /%*.3 %* %, (+3. !+,,.*%@ .0:+*M %*
(-+*1. + 0+*&. +O* &./'*+* ,.3 %,%/%*1.3 3.('+,%3 (./. =%0%/.3 %* 3%:-'&+R ,
+34%(1. (.*E-:+, ,'/'1+ (.* ,. 3-4%0B,-. 0%,%:+&. 3'* *'*:-*+ 40%(+-(')* + -*
4.0=%*'0 &-&.3.D +0')* 0+*&. + &%34.3+0 + J.3'+*% +0'+*' Q4%0. &%34-C3 L-%
5+E+ 0.&+&. .10+3 =%'*1% 4%,2(-,+3RM '(5C,% .0:+* E +B !+,,.*% " 4% B.0/%* -*+
*-%=+ 4+0%K+ ('=', Q4%0. 40'/%0. 3%06 *%(%3+0'. L-% '(5C,% 3% &'=.0('%R * 0%+,'&+&
3% 10+1+ &% -* +7+0 &+&. (./. ('%01. %* ,+ /'3/+ /%&'&+ L-% 3- '/4.01+*('+ %3
/+0:'*+, 3./%1'&+ + ,+ 1+* :%*%0+,'7+&+ (.*=%*(')* L-% '/4.*% L-% 4O>,'(+/%*1%

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%, /+10'/.*'. 0%3-,1% 3'%/40% ,+ B'*+,'&+& N*+1-0+,N &% ,+ -*')* %* 4+0%K+ .

'/4.01+*1% %3 1.,%0+0 ,+ 0%+,'&+& (+0*+, &% ,+ 4+0%K+ >+K. ,+ :+0+*12+ &% -*
/+10'/.*'. 5'4.1C1'(.
, QB-1-0.R /+10'/.*'. &% +0')* 0+*&. %316 1+/>'C* (+0:+&. &% (./4,%K.3
3.('+,%3D %3 %, /+10'/.*'. &% ,+ 4+31.0+ E &%, 3%8.0 J.3'+*% 5'K+ &% -* N/.&%31.N
4%3(+&.0 &% +*&., 4%0B%(1+ 3'* %/>+0:. 4-%3 1'%*% 3- ('(,. >63'(. &% >+(5',,%0+1.
E 5+>,+ (.00%(1+/%*1% '*:,C3 Q1%0*+ &% ,+3 N(-+,'&+&%3N &% ,+ (5'(+ (+3+&%0+R J.3'+*%
5+ (.*/.='&. +, 5./>0% /63 1%*%>0.3. &%, ('*% 0+0+ /%7(,+ &% '4),'1. E +,:O*
3-,16* 3.,'1+0'. E 3+,=+K% %0. %31% 0+41. &% -*+ 5-/',&% B0+*(%3+ 4.0 %, /.*310-. &%
.,,E\..& 3% 0%+,'7+ 1.1+,/%*1% %* 3- /.='/'%*1. &% 0%1.0*.D %, 5C0.% %*(+&%*+&.
4.0 %, +/.0 4+0%(% 0%=%01'0 1.&. 3- 40%31':'. 3.>0% ,+ 4%L-%8+ ('-&+& B0+*(%3+ ,+
4,+E+ %, /%0(+&. ,.3 (+BC3 E ,.3 +,/+(%*%3 &% +*&.,M %* ,+ 406(1'(+ +0')* %3
L-'%* 0%3-,1+ B%(-*&+&. 4.0 %, +0L-%1'4. 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 &% 1.&+3 ,+3 ,%(1.0+3 &%
3%/+*+0'.3 ',-310+&.3 N +0')* &'(% 5 +0')* %* (./4+82+ &%
3- QB-1-0+R 3-%:0+ E &% 3- QB-1-0+R %34.3+ (./. -* 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 B0+*(C3 &+ -*
+4+('>,% 4+3%. +*1%3 &% (./%0 N + 0%+,'&+& '/4.*% +, %*3-%8. 3- &%(.0+&. E 3-3
(+0+(1%0231'(+3M ,+ 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ B0+*(%3+ %316 5.E /+*'B'%31+/%*1% %* -*+ B+3%
&% '/4%0'+,'3/. /21'(. , 40%31':'. &% +0')* %* -* 40'/%0 *'=%, %3 &% .0&%*
/-3(-,+0 =%*-3'*.M %* -* 3%:-*&. *'=%, %3 &% .0&%* 3.('+,D +0')* %3 (.*3+:0+&.
4.0 +*&., /-(5. /63 &% ,. L-% C, ,+ (.*3+:0+

# " "/ #

.&. %, 40.(%3. ./'*'(' 3% 5+ 0%40%3%*1+&. 3.>0% -*+ '&%+ &% ,+ 43'(.,.:2+

L-% 4.0 +7+0 %3 K-31+/%*1% ,+ &% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ >'%* 4%*3+*1% + L-% ,+3 40-%>+3
/+1%0'+,%3 %0+* '*('%01+3 . (.*10+&'(1.0'+3 3% 5+ 0%(-00'&. + 40-%>+3 /%*1+,%3M E
S&)*&% .>1%*%0,+3 3' *. %* ,+ 40.4'+ /%*1+,'&+& &% ,.3 +(-3+&.0%3T % 5+
0%(.*310-'&. (.* ,':%0%7+ 4%0. 3'* ,+ 3./>0+ &% -*+ &-&+ ,.3 /)=',%3 E %,
%*(+&%*+/'%*1. &% ,.3 +(1.3M 3% 5+ 40.(%&'&. (./. %3.3 +0L-%),.:.3 L-% =+* +
K-*1+0 4'%&0+3 4.0 ,.3 (-+10. 0'*(.*%3 &%, (+/4. &% %<4,.0+(')* E (.* 3-3
/.&%0*23'/.3 (%/%*1.3 0%(.*310-E%* -* &%,'(+&. /.*-/%*1. &% %3.310'3 . L-%
0%(.*31'1-E%* 5+31+ -*+ 0%,':')* /-%01+ 5+(% &.3 /', +8.3 >%>'%*&. %* ,+3 ='%K+3
40.B-*&'&+&%3 &% I,+ 3+>'&-02+ -*'=%03+, L-% %* 0%+,'&+& *. %3 /63 L-% 3- 40.4'+
3+>'&-02+ %,+>.0+&+ %* ,+3 %3(-%,+3 &% ,+ %0(%0+ %4O>,'(+
(-00% ,. /'3/. (.* ,+ N43'(.,.:2+N &%, ='%K. ./'*'(' S 3 0%+,/%*1% ,+ 3-E+T
+&+ 3% 3+>% &% %,,+ %0. 3% 4-%&% %31+0 3%:-0. &% L-% 3'* &-&+ %3 ,+ 43'(.,.:2+ &%,
40%3'&%*1% &% ,+ (.01% . &%, B'3(+, 31+3 &.3 /%*1+,'&+&%3 ,+ &%, ='%K. 0-0+, +,4'*. E
,+ &%, 4%03.*+, &% K-31'('+ S1'%*%* ,+ /'3/+ /%(6*'(+T +&+ %3 /%*.3 3%:-0. '*
%/>+0:. %, ='%K. ./'*'(' B-% (.*&%*+&. %* *./>0% &% -*+ 43'(.,.:2+ N-*'=%03+,N
%3(%*&'&+ &%, %/420%. %*(+*1+&.0 &% ,+3 *.=%,+3 >-0:-%3+3 E &% ,+ 43'(.,.:2+
%3%*('+,'31+ ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ +(+>+ &% (.*&%*+0 +, (+&+,3. + -* 5./>0% 3(-(5%/.3 +,
B'3(+,D N '0 J+([ 0-//.*& E+ ,. 5% &'(5. 1%*2+ /'%&. %0. 3+>% L-% ,+ /%K.0
/+*%0+ &% &%B%*&%03% %3 +1+(+0 -*+ =%7 /63 % 40%('4'1+ 4-%3 3.>0% %31% 5./>0%
5-0+8. E 1./+ +, +*('+*. 4.0 ,+ :+0:+*1+ . (+/>'+ -*+ 3.,+ 4+,+>0+ %0. 4+0+
+31)* ./'*'(' %, 3'/4,% 5%(5. &% L-% 3% ,. 40%1%*&+ 4.*%0 &% %34+,&+3 3.>0% %,
3-%,. %3 '/4%*3+>,% 23'(+/%*1% *. 4-&. 3.4.01+0 %3+ B-%07+ L-% &% 0%4%*1% 3% ,%
.4.*2+ N 3 4,+-3'>,% (./. %, 1%/4,. &% %3.310'3 (./. ,+ '1%0+1-0+ &% %*%=.'<
Roland Barthes Mitologías

-*&+0 ,+ +0L-%.,.:2+ . ,+ *.=%,+ 3.>0% -* NS .0 L-C *.TN 3.,+/%*1% *. 5+(% /+, +

*+&'% %0. SE ,+ K-31'('+T %0')&'(+/%*1% +,:O* 40.(%3. E *. B.07.3+/%*1% B'(1'('.
(./. %, &% 6 1 , *.3 0%(-%0&+ L-% %316 3'%/40% &'34-%31+ + 40%31+0*.3 -*
(%0%>0. &% 0%4-%31. 4+0+ (.*&%*+0*.3 3'* 0%/.0&'/'%*1. E L-% (.0*%,'+*+ *.3
4'*1+ 1+, (./. &%>%02+/.3 3%0 E *. 1+, (./. 3./.3
31+ 10+*3B%0%*('+ &% K-31'('+ +, /-*&. &%, +(-3+&. 0%3-,1+ 4.3'>,% :0+('+3 + -*
/'1. '*1%0/%&'+0'. /-E -3+&. 1+*1. %* ,.3 10'>-*+,%3 (./. %* ,.3 K-0+&.3 ,'1%0+0'.3D
,+ 10+*34+0%*('+ E ,+ -*'=%03+,'&+& &%, ,%*:-+K% , 40%3'&%*1% &% ,+ (.01% L-% ,%% #
+4+0%*1%/%*1% *. 1'%*% *'*:O* %3(0O4-,. %* &'+,.:+0 (.* %, ='%K. 4+31.0 &%
(+>0+3 N',%10+&.N S (+3. *. 1'%*%* %* (./O* -*+ /'3/+ ,%*:-+ E %3+ ,%*:-+ *. %3 %,
B0+*(C3 ,+ /63 (,+0+ &% ,+3 %<'31%*1%3T X +0+=',,.3+ (.*B'+*7+ &% ,+ %&-(+(')* (,63'(+
&.*&% ,.3 4+31.0%3 (.*=%03+* &%340%.(-4+&+/%*1% (.* ,.3 K-%(%3Y %0. +L-2 &%1063
&% ,+ /.0+, 40%31':'.3+ QE :0.1%3(+R &% ,+3 =%03'.*%3 ,+1'*+3 E &% ,+3 &'3%01+('.*%3
B0+*(%3+3 %316 %* K-%:. ,+ (+>%7+ &% -* 5./>0%
'* %/>+0:. ,+ &'34+0'&+& &% ,.3 ,%*:-+K%3 3- (,+-3-0+ '/4%*%10+>,% B-%0.*
3->0+E+&+3 4.0 +,:-*.3 4%0'.&'31+3 E '.*. &'. *-/%0.3.3 %K%/4,.3 &% &'34+0'&+&
%* ,.3 '*B.0/%3 40%3%*1+&.3 %* ,+ +-&'%*('+ * %,,.3 4.&%/.3 =%0'B'(+0 L-% %* %31%
(+3. *. 5+(% B+,1+ '/+:'*+0 >+00%0+3 /'31%0'.3+3 /+,%*1%*&'&.3 + ,. Z+B[+ .M ,+
3'*1+<'3 %, =.(+>-,+0'. ,+ /+E.02+ &% ,.3 /+1%0'+,%3 %,%/%*1+,%3 +*+,21'(.3 &%,
,%*:-+K% 3% >-3(+* ('%:+/%*1% 3'* -*'03% %0. + *+&'% ,% 40%.(-4+D QNS + &+&.
+,:O* 4+3%. 5+31+ %, 4-%*1% -31%&T PS +3%.T . 5+E *'*:O* 4+3%. %* %, 4-%*1% ,.
3C E. %31-=% +,,2 NRW +1-0+,/%*1% 1.&. %, /-*&. B'*:% (0%%0 L-% %, ,%*:-+K% .B'('+, %3
%, L-% %<40%3+ %, 3%*1'&. (./O* E %, &% ./'*'(' *. %3 /63 L-% -*+ =+0'%&+&
%1*.,):'(+ 4'*1.0%3(. 4.0 3- '*&':%*('+ '* %/>+0:. %3% ,%*:-+K% 40%3'&%*('+, %3
1+/>'C* 4+01'(-,+0 (+0:+&. &% (,'3C3 '00%+,%3 ,%*:-+K% &% 0%&+((')* %3(.,+0 *. &%
43'(.,.:2+ (.*(0%1+ Q3+,=. %, 5%(5. &% L-% ,+ /+E.02+ &% ,.3 5./>0%3 3%+ .>,':+&.
&%3:0+('+&+/%*1% + 4.3%%0 ,+ 43'(.,.:2+ &%, ,%*:-+K% L-% 3% ,% %*3%8+R .*
3'/4,%/%*1% &.3 4+01'(-,+0'&+&%3 L-% 3% %*B0%*1+* %0. -*+ 1'%*% ,.3 5.*.0%3 ,+ B%
,+ B-%07+ &% 3- 4+01%
%3% ,%*:-+K% N-*'=%03+,N 0%+B'0/+ 4-*1-+,/%*1% ,+ 43'(.,.:2+ &% ,.3 +/.3M
43'(.,.:2+ L-% ,% 4%0/'1% 1./+0 3'%/40% +, .10. (./. .>K%1. &%3(0'>'0 E (.*&%*+0 +,
/'3/. 1'%/4. 3'(.,.:2+ +&K%1'=+ 3),. 3+>% .1.0:+0 +10'>-1.3 + 3-3 =2(1'/+3M &%, +(1.
':*.0+ 1.&. B-%0+ &% ,+ (+1%:.02+ (-,4+>,% %* ,+ L-% B.07+&+/%*1% ,. '*(,-E% 31+3
(+1%:.02+3 3.* ,+3 &% ,+ (./%&'+ (,63'(+ . &% -* 10+1+&. &% :0+B.,.:2+D K+(1+*('.3.
(.,C0'(. %:.231+ +01%0. '/4O&'(. &-0. 3-3 .K.3 %, 5./>0% 3),. %<'31% 4.0 ,.3
N(+0+(1%0%3N L-% ,. 3%8+,+* + ,+ 3.('%&+& (./. .>K%1. &% -*+ +3'/',+(')* /63 .
/%*.3 B6(', (./. 3-K%1. &% -*+ 3-/'3')* /63 . /%*.3 0%34%1-.3+ 1','1+0'+
4.*'%*&. %*10% 4+0C*1%3'3 (-+,L-'%0 %31+&. &% (.*('%*('+ %31+ 43'(.,.:2+ 40%1%*&%
3'* %/>+0:. B-*&+0 %, +(1. %* -*+ '*1%0'.0'&+& 40%='+ 4.31-,+ N%, +,/+NM K-7:+ +,
5./>0% (./. N(.*('%*('+N 3'* 4%01-0>+03% 4.0 %, 5%(5. &% L-% +*1%3 ,. 5->'%0+
&%3(0'1. (./. -* .>K%1.
5.0+ >'%* %3+ 43'(.,.:2+ %* *./>0% &% ,+ (-+, 5.E ,% 4-%&%* (.01+0 + -31%&
10+*L-',+/%*1% ,+ (+>%7+ 40.='%*% &'0%(1+/%*1% &% *-%310+ ,'1%0+1-0+ 10+&'('.*+, ,+
L-% %* %31',. >-0:-C3 3% ,,+/+ ,'1%0+1-0+ &% &.(-/%*1. 5-/+*. * *./>0% &%,
&.(-/%*1. 5-/+*. B-% (.*&%*+&. %, ='%K. ./'*'(' J-31'('+ E ,'1%0+1-0+ 3% 5+*

W , K-%:. &% 4+,+>0+3 %3 '*10+&-('>,% N ,'CN N'&.N 3% 40.*-*('+ ':-+, + N+,,C%N N+,+/%&+N
'1%0+,/%*1%D NS + '&. -31%& +, 4-%*1%T PS ,+/%&+T ,,2 *. 5+E +,+/%&+ ,. 3C %31-=% +,,2 N G H

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+,'+&. '*1%0(+/>'+0.* 3-3 ='%K+3 1C(*'(+3 &%=%,+0.* 3- 40.B-*&+ '&%*1'&+& E 3%

(./40./%1'%0.* 3'* 4-&.0 +,:-*. ,+ -*+ 4.0 ,+ .10+ %1063 &% ,.3 K-%(%3 %* 3-3
3',,.*%3 (-0-,%3 ,.3 %3(0'1.0%3 Q '.*. +,+(0.-R * %, %310+&. &% ,+ +(-3+(')* S-*
/+:'310+&.T . -* N(-%*1'31+ %<10+.0&'*+0'.N &.1+&. &% -* N%3420'1- '*&'3(-1'>,%N E
&% -*+ N=%0>+ >0',,+*123'/+N Q3%:O* ,+ +40.>+(')* 1+K+*1% L-% # +(.0&+0+ +,
B'3(+,R + 40.4'+ 4.,'(2+ -1','7+ 3-1',%7+3 &% %3(0'1-0+ Q-* (./'3+0'. &% &'='3')*D
NJ+/63 5% ='31. /%*1'0.3. /63 (./%&'+*1% K-:+&.0 /63 &%3(.*B'+&. (-%*1'31+ /63
+/%*. /+8.3. /63 1+'/+&. 3%41-+:%*+0'. /63 :+,,+0&. &C34.1+ /63 3%:-0. &%
(+,(-,+&.0 /63 0%1.0('&. &'3'/-,+&.0 /63 +01%0. +31)* ./'*'(' %3 -*
+3./>0.3. 0C:.,' &% +,/+3 5-/+*+3 E &% 4%*3+/'%*1.3 +*'/+,%3 . 1'%*% =+0'.3
0.310.3 %, B+,3. 4+10'+0(+ &% ,+ 0+* '%00+ X1'%*% ('%*YNR +3 +*121%3'3 ,+3 /%16B.0+3
,+3 %<(,+/+('.*%3 1.&+ ,+ 0%1)0'(+ (,63'(+ +(-3+ +L-2 +, ='%K. 4+31.0 + K-31'('+
+&.41+>+ ,+ /63(+0+ &% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ 0%+,'31+ &%, (-%*1. 0-0+, /'%*10+3 ,+ 40.4'+
,'1%0+1-0+ '>+ + ,+ 3+,+ &% +-&'%*('+3 %* >-3(+ &% *-%=.3 &.(-/%*1.3 5O/+*.3N +
0%(.:%0 '*.(%*1%/%*1% +*1% %, 0.310. &%, +(-3+&. E &% ,.3 3.34%(5.3.3 %, 0%B,%K. &%
-*+ 43'(.,.:2+ L-% + 10+=C3 &% ,+ K-31'('+ %,,+ ,% 5+>2+ '/4-%31. 40%='+/%*1%
),. L-% B0%*1% + ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ 3+1'3B%(5+ Q/.*1+&+ 3'%/40% (./. ,'1%0+1-0+ &% ,.
N0%+,N E &% ,. N5-/+*.NR %<'31% -*+ ,'1%0+1-0+ &%, &%3:+00+/'%*1.D %, 40.(%3.
./'*'(' 5+ 3'&. 1+/>'C* %31+ ,'1%0+1-0+ ->. 3.,+/%*1% %3(0'1.0%3 5+/>0'%*1.3 &%
0%+,'&+& E (-%*1'31+3 3.040%*&%*1%3 (-E+ =%0>+ N>0',,+*123'/+N +00+*(+ ,+ (+>%7+ &%
-* 5./>0%M 3%+ (-+, B-%0% %, :0+&. &% (-,4+>','&+& &%, +(-3+&. 5->. 1+/>'C* %,
%34%(16(-,. &% -* 1%00.0 L-% *.3 +/%*+7+ + 1.&.3D 3%0 K-7:+&.3 4.0 -* 4.&%0 L-%
3),. L-'%0% %*1%*&%0 %, ,%*:-+K% L-% C, /'3/. *.3 40%31+ .&.3 3./.3 ./'*'(' %*
4.1%*('+ *. (0'/'*+,%3 3'*. +(-3+&.3 40'=+&.3 &% ,%*:-+K% . 4%.0 0'&'(-,'7+&.3
5-/',,+&.3 (.*&%*+&.3 4.0 %, &% *-%310.3 +(-3+&.0%3 .>+0 + -* 5./>0% 3-
,%*:-+K% %* *./>0% &%, 40.4'. ,%*:-+K%D 1.&.3 ,.3 (02/%*%3 ,%:+,%3 (./'%*7+* +32

" / # + /

, /'1. &%, +>+1% '%00% &'34.*% &% -*+ (+01+ &% 10'-*B. 40%('.3+D ,+ (+>%7+ &%,
+>+1% 3 -*+ (+>%7+ 5%0/.3+ L-% 40%3%*1+ (,+0+/%*1% 1.&.3 ,.3 3':*.3 &%,
+4.31.,+&.D ,+ /'0+&+ >-%*+ %, (.01% B0+*('3(+*. ,+ >+0>+ /'3'.*%0+ E 1.&.
(./4,%1+&. 4.0 %, :+>6* &%, (-0+@.>0%0. E ,+ =+0+ &%, 4%0%:0'*. % %31+ /+*%0+ 3%
%*(-%*10+* K-*1+3 ,+3 ('B0+3 &% ,+ ,%E%*&+ E ,+3 &% ,+ /.&%0*'&+&
, (.01% &% 4%,. 4.0 %K%/4,. (+3' 0+3. 3'* B'K+&.0 E 3.>0% 1.&. 3'* B.0/+
40%1%*&% ,.:0+0 -* 4%'*+&. 1.1+,/%*1% +K%*. +, +01% % '*(,-3'=% + ,+ 1C(*'(+ -*+
3-%01% &% %31+&. (%0. &%, (.01%M 4.0 3-4-%31. L-% 5+(% B+,1+ (.01+03% %, 4%,. 4%0. L-%
%3+ .4%0+(')* *%(%3+0'+ *. '/4,'L-% *'*:O* /.&. 4+01'(-,+0 &% %<'31%*('+D L-%
%<'31+ +-*L-% 3'* 3%0 +,:. , (.01% &%, +>+1% '%00% (,+0+/%*1% (.*(%>'&. 4+0+
+,(+*7+0 -* %L-','>0'. *%-10. %*10% %, 4%,. (.01. Q(.*=%*(')* '*&'34%*3+>,% 4+0+ *.
5+(%03% *.1+0R E %, 4%,. &%3(-'&+&. Q%31+&. +40.4'+&. 4+0+ /+*'B%31+0 %, &%340%('.
4.0 ,+3 .10+3 (.*=%*('.*%3R '*(.04.0+ %, +0L-%1'4. (+4',+0 &% ,+ 3+*1'&+&D %, 3+*1. %3
+*1% 1.&. -* 3%0 3'* (.*1%<1. B.0/+,M ,+ '&%+ &% /.&+ %3 +*1'461'(+ + ,+ '&%+ &%
3+*1'&+&
%0. ,+3 (.3+3 3% (./4,'(+* P3'* L-% %, +>+1% ,. 3%4+ &%3%+/.3P 4.0L-% +L-2
(./. %* (-+,L-'%0 4+01% H+ *%-10+,'&+& +(+>+ 4.0 B-*('.*+0 (./. &% ,+
*%-10+,'&+& E 3' =%0&+&%0+/%*1% 3% L-'3'%3% 4+3+0 '*+&=%01'&. 5+>02+ L-% (./%*7+0
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&% *-%=.
, (.01% (%0. /-%310+ *+&+ /%*.3 L-% %, B0+*('3(+*'3/.M (.*(%>'&. 40'/%0.
*%:+1'=+/%*1% 4+0+ *. (.*10+0'+0 ,+ +4+0'%*('+ &% ,+ 3+*1'&+& >'%* 40.*1. 4+3+ + -*
/.&. 3-4%0,+1'=. &% 3':*'B'(+(')* %, (.01% $ 4 &% +* 0+*('3(. +, +>+1% % +,,2
3-0:% ,+ &%3>.0&+*1% B.01-*+ '(.*.:06B'(+ &% %31% (.01% %* ,+3 0%='31+3 ',-310+&+3 E %*
%, ('*% Q>+31+06 +, +(1.0 %E>+7 ,,%=+0,. 4+0+ (.*B-*&'03% 1.1+,/%*1% (.* %, +>+1%R
:-+, ('0(-'1. /'1.,):'(. %* %, (+3. &% ,+ >+0>+ '* &-&+ C31+ 4-%&% 3%0
3'/4,%/%*1% %, +10'>-1. &% -* 5./>0% ,'>0% &%340%*&'&. &% ,+3 (.*=%*('.*%3
(.1'&'+*+3 &% *-%310. /-*&. E + L-'%* 0%4-:*+ 4%0&%0 %, 1'%/4. %* +B%'1+03%D ,+
B+3('*+(')* &% ,+ (+0'&+& 4-%&% 1%*%0 0+7.*+>,%/%*1% %31% 1'4. &% &%340%('.M 4%0. %3
40%('3. =%0'B'(+0 L-% ,+ >+0>+ %(,%3'631'(+ 1+/>'C* 4.3%% 3- 4%L-%8+ /'1.,.:2+ *10%
,.3 3+(%0&.1%3 *. 3% %3 >+0>-&. 4.0 +7+0M 4+0+ %,,.3 ,+ >+0>+ %3 3.>0% 1.&. +10'>-1.
/'3'.*%0. . (+4-(5'*. *. 4-%&% &%K+0 &% $ +4.31.,+&. E 4.>0%7+M +,%K+ -*
4.(. + 3- 4.01+&.0 &%, (,%0. 3%(-,+0 .3 3+(%0&.1%3 ,+/4'8.3 3.* (.*3'&%0+&.3 /63
1%/4.0+,%3 ,.3 >+0>-&.3 /63 %=+*:C,'(.3D %, 5.00'>,% 0.,. 1%*2+ %, 0.310. +B%'1+&. %,
>-%* +&0% &% .-(+-,& %0+ >+0>-&.M &%1063 &% ,+ >+0>+ 3% 4%01%*%(% -* 4.(. /%*.3
+, .>'34. + ,+ K%0+0L-2+ + ,+ ':,%3'+ 4.,21'(+M 3% 4+0%(% /63 ,'>0% (+3' -* B0+*(.1'0+&.0
%* -*+ 4+,+>0+ /63 40'/'1'=. >%*%B'('+&. (.* %, 40%31':'. &% ,.3 40'/%0.3 3.,'1+0'.3
&'34.*'%*&. &% ,+ 0-&+ B0+*L-%7+ &% ,.3 B-*&+&.0%3 &%, /.*+(+1. &%4.3'1+0'.3 &%,
%3420'1- (.*10+ ,+ ,%10+D ,,%=+0 >+0>+ %3 %<4,.0+0 (.* ':-+, (.0+7)* ,+ ^.*+ ,+ 0'1.*'+
. %, E+3+,+*&
='&%*1%/%*1% %, 40.>,%/+ *. %316 %* 3+>%0 ()/. %31+ 3%,=+ &% 5+
4.&'&. (->0'0 +, +>+1% '%00% Q+-*L-% + &%('0 =%0&+& 0%3-,1+ >+31+*1% 3.040%*&%*1%
L-% ,.3 +10'>-1.3 &% ,+ >.*&+& 3%+* %34%('%3 &% 4'%7+3 10+*34.01+>,%3 .>K%1.3 &%
'*1%0(+/>'. B6(', %*10% ,+ 0%+,'&+& P%, +>+1% '%00% &% P E ,+ B'((')* P%, +>+1%
'%00% &%, B',/P E L-% 4+0+ 3%0 >0%=%3 %, +4.31.,+&. 3% 40%3%*1% &%3&% %, 40'/%0
/'*-1. 1.1+,/%*1% ,'31. 1.1+,/%*1% %L-'4+&. 4+0+ %, :0+* ='+K% &% ,+3
0%(.*31'1-('.*%3 E &% ,+3 ,%E%*&+3R % '*1%00.:. O*'(+/%*1% 3.>0% %, %*.0/%
(.*3-/. L-% %, 4O>,'(. 5+(% &% %3.3 3':*.3 . =%. 10+*L-','7+&. 4.0 ,+ '&%*1'&+&
%34%(1+(-,+0 &% -*+ /.0B.,.:2+ E -*+ =.(+(')* !%. L-% *. &-&+ &% -*+ 4.0L-%
(.*.(% + ,+ .10+M L-% 3),. 1'%*% +((%3. + ,+ %<4%0'%*('+ &%, +4.31.,+&. + 10+=C3 &%,
>-,,'('. L-% 40.&-(% E L-% 3% 5+>'1O+ + &+03% >-%*+ (.*('%*('+ (.* 3),. %31+0 B0%*1% +
,+ 3+*1'&+&M E /% '*L-'%1. 4.0 -*+ 3.('%&+& L-% +, (.*3-/'0 1+* 6='&+/%*1% %,
+,+0&% &% ,+ (+0'&+& .,='&+ '*1%00.:+03% 3.>0% 3-3 (.*3%(-%*('+3 3-3 -3.3 E 3-3
,2/'1%3 *1.*(%3 /% 40%:-*1. 3' ,+ 5%0/.3+ E (.*/.=%&.0+ '(.*.:0+B2+ &%, +>+1%
'%00% *. %3 ,+ (.+01+&+ L-% -1','7+ >-%*+ 4+01% &% ,+ *+(')* 4+0+ 3-31'1-'0
'/4-*%/%*1% -*+ =%7 /63 ,+ 0%+,'&+& &% ,+ K-31'('+ (.* ,.3 3':*.3 &% ,+ (+0'&+&

" - $ "0

' -*. (0%E%0+ %* 6 L-% 5+(% 4.(. (.*:0%:) %* -*+ /'3/+ B.1.:0+B2+ +
3%1%*1+ /-K%0%3 *.=%,'31+3 ,+ %3(0'1.0+ (.*31'1-E% -*+ %34%('% 7..,):'(+ *.1+>,%D &+ +
,-7 /%7(,+&.3 *.=%,+3 E *'8.3 % +*-*('+ 4.0 %K%/4,.D ) " # 0 ,
2! 9 0 , 2: ; 8 0 , 2
%1(C1%0+
SU-C L-'%0% &%('0 %31.TD %3(0'>'0 %3 -*+ (.*&-(1+ :,.0'.3+ 4%0. +10%='&+M %,
%3(0'1.0 %3 -* N+01'31+N 3% ,% 0%(.*.(% ('%01. &%0%(5. + ,+ >.5%/'+ ./. %* ,2*%+3
Roland Barthes Mitologías

:%*%0+,%3 %316 %*(+0:+&. +, /%*.3 %* ,+ 0+*('+ &% 6 &% &+0 + ,+ 3.('%&+& ,+3
0+7.*%3 &% 3- >-%*+ (.*('%*('+ 5+(% B+,1+ 4+:+0 >'%* 3-3 3%0='('.3D 16('1+/%*1% 3% ,%
(.*(%&% %, &%0%(5. &% ,,%=+0 -*+ ='&+ -* 1+*1. 4+01'(-,+0 %0. (-'&+&.D L-% ,+3
/-K%0%3 *. (0%+* L-% 4-%&%* +40.=%(5+0 %3% 4+(1. 3'* 3./%1%03% 40'/%0. + ,+
(.*&'(')* %1%0*+ &% ,+ B%/'*%'&+& +3 /-K%0%3 %316* 3.>0% ,+ 1'%00+ 4+0+ &+0 5'K.3 +
,.3 5./>0%3M L-% %3(0'>+* (-+*1. L-'%0+* L-% +&.0*%* 3- (.*&'(')* 4%0. 3.>0%
1.&. L-% *. %3(+4%* &% %,,+D L-% 3- &%31'*. >2>,'(. *. 3%+ 1-0>+&. 4.0 ,+ 40./.(')*
L-% ,%3 5+* (.*(%&'&. E L-% '*/%&'+1+/%*1% 4+:-%* (.* %, 10'>-1. &% 3- /+1%0*'&+&
%3+ >.5%/'+ +:0%:+&+ *+1-0+,/%*1% + ,+ ='&+ &% %3(0'1.0
%+* +10%='&+3 ,'>0%3M K-%:-%* + 3%0 5./>0% %3(0'>+* (./. C,M 4%0. K+/63 3%
+,%K%* &% 3- ,+&.M ='=+* >+K. 3- /'0+&+ (.* 3-3 *'8.3 (./4%*3%* 3-3 *.=%,+3M
+=+*(%* %* 3- (+00%0+ 4%0. =-%,=+* %* 3%:-'&+ + 3- (.*&'(')* *+ *.=%,+ -* *'8.
-* 4.(. &% B%/'*'3/. -* 4.(. &% ='&+ (.*E-:+,M +1%/.3 ,+ +=%*1-0+ &%, +01% + ,+3
3),'&+3 %31+(+3 &%, 5.:+0 *. E .10. 3% >%*%B'('+06* %*.0/%/%*1% (.* %3% =+'=C* *
/+1%0'+ &% /'1.3 ,+ +E-&+ /-1-+ 3% 40+(1'(+ 3'%/40% (.* 40.=%(5.
.0 %K%/4,. ,+ /-3+ 10+3,+&+06 3- 3->,'/'&+& + ,+3 5-/',&%3 B-*('.*%3
5.:+0%8+3M E %* (./4%*3+(')* (./. +:0+&%('/'%*1. 4.0 %3% +(1. :%*%0.3. %, /'1.
&% ,+ *+1+,'&+& .1.0:+ + ,+ /-3+ + =%(%3 &% 0%4-1+(')* -* 1+*1. ,':%0+ ,+ :+0+*12+ &%
0%34%1+>','&+& ,+ +4+0'%*('+ (.*/.=%&.0+ &% -*+ :-+0&%02+ &% *'8.3 .&. %3
'*/%K.0+>,% %* %, /%K.0 &% ,.3 /-*&.3 P%, &% 6 + L-% ,+ /-K%0 1%*:+ (.*B'+*7+
4.0L-% 4-%&% +((%&%0 4%0B%(1+/%*1% (./. ,.3 5./>0%3 +, *'=%, 3-4%0'.0 &% ,+
(0%+(')* %0. L-% %, 5./>0% L-%&% 10+*L-',.D *. 4.0 %3. 3% L-%&+06 3'* /-K%0M %,,+
4.0 *+1-0+,%7+ *. &%K+06 &% 3%0 -*+ 40.:%*'1.0+ &'34.*'>,% 6 0%40%3%*1+ (.*
3.,1-0+ -*+ %3(%*+ + ,. .,'%0%M &'(% 32 4.0 -* ,+&. E *. 4.0 %, .10. 3% &%3='=% 4.0 *.
(.*10+0'+0 + *+&'%M (./. .* J-+* %*10% 3-3 &.3 ,-:+0%8+3 6 &'(% + ,+3 /-K%0%3D
-31%&%3 =+,%* 1+*1. (./. ,.3 5./>0%3M E + ,.3 5./>0%3D 3- /-K%0 3'%/40% 3%06 3),.
-*+ /-K%0
, 5./>0% %* -*+ 40'/%0+ '*31+*('+ 4+0%(% +-3%*1% &% %3% &.>,% *+('/'%*1.M
*'8.3 E *.=%,+3 4+0%(%* =%*'0 1+* 3.,.3 -*.3 (./. ,+3 .10+3 4%01%*%(%0 3),. + ,+
/+&0%M + 4.(. E + B-%07+ &% =%0 3%1%*1+ =%(%3 .>0+3 E (5'(.3 %* -* /'3/. 4+0C*1%3'3
3% 4.&02+ ,,%:+0 + (0%%0 L-% 1.&.3 3.* B0-1. &% '/+:'*+(')* E &% %*3-%8. 40.&-(1.3
/',+:0.3.3 &% -*+ 4+01%*.:C*%3'3 '&%+, L-% &+02+ + ,+ /-K%0 %* -* +(1. ,+3 +,%:02+3
E :.(%3 >+,7+('+*.3 &% ,+ (0%+(')* E ,+3 1'%0*+3 +,%:02+3 &% ,+ /+1%0*'&+& %0.
S&)*&% %316 %, 5./>0% %* %31% (-+&0. B+/','+0T * *'*:-*+ 4+01% E %* 1.&+3 (./.
-* ('%,. -* 5.0'7.*1% -*+ +-1.0'&+& L-% + ,+ =%7 &%1%0/'*+ E %*('%00+ -*+
(.*&'(')* +, %3 %, /-*&. &% 6 + +,,2 ,+3 /-K%0%3 3'%/40% (.*31'1-E%* -*+ %34%('%
5./.:C*%+ -* (-%04. (.*31'1-'&. (%,.3. &% 3-3 40'=',%:'.3 E +O* /63 %*+/.0+&.
&% 3-3 3%0='&-/>0%3M %, 5./>0% *-*(+ %316 %* %, '*1%0'.0 &% %3% /-*&. ,+
B%/'*%'&+& %3 4-0+ ,'>0% 4-K+*1%M 4%0. %, 5./>0% %316 +,0%&%&.0 %* 1.&+3 4+01%3
40%3'.*+ %* 1.&.3 ,.3 3%*1'&.3 5+(% %<'31'0M &%3&% ,+ %1%0*'&+& %3 ,+ +-3%*('+
(0%+&.0+ (./. %, &'.3 0+('*%+*. -*&. 3'* 5./>0%3 4%0. 1.1+,/%*1% (.*31'1-'&.
4.0 ,+ /'0+&+ &%, 5./>0% %, -*'=%03. B%/%*'*. &% 6 %3 %<+(1+/%*1% ':-+, +,
:'*%(%.
* 1.&+ ,+ +(1'1-& &% 6 %<'31% -* &.>,% /.='/'%*1.D (%00+0 %, :'*%(%. 40'/%0.
E %*1.*(%3 3),. %*1.*(%3 ,'>%0+0 + ,+ /-K%0 &%*10. &% C, /C* 10+>+K%* %3(0'>+*
3%+* /-K%0%3 &% *%:.('.3 . &% ,%10+3 4%0. 0%(-%0&%* 3'%/40% L-% %, 5./>0% %<'31% E
L-% -31%&%3 *. %316* 5%(5+3 (./. C, , .0&%* &% -31%&%3 %3 ->0% + (.*&'(')* &% L-%
&%4%*&+ &%, 3-E.M ,+ ,'>%01+& &% -31%&%3 %3 -* ,-K. 3),. %3 4.3'>,% 3' &% +*1%/+*.
Roland Barthes Mitologías

0%(.*.(%* ,+3 .>,':+('.*%3 L-% ,%3 '/4.*% 3- *+1-0+,%7+ 3(0'>+* 3' L-'%0%* E 1.&+3
*.3 3%*1'0%/.3 .0:-,,.3.3 &% %,,.M 4%0. *. 4.0 %3. .,='&%* &% 5+(%0 *'8.3 4-%3
(.00%34.*&% +, &%31'*. &% -31%&%3 .0+, K%3-21+D +(./.&%* + 3- B+=.0 ,+ /.0+, &% 3-
40.4'+ (.*&'(')* 4%0. *-*(+ &-&%* &%, &.:/+ 3.>0% %, L-% 3% B-*&+

, +&-,1. B0+*(C3 =% +, *'8. (./. .10. ':-+, + 32 /'3/. E *. 5+E /%K.0 %K%/4,.
&% %31. L-% %, K-:-%1% B0+*(C3 .3 K-:-%1%3 5+>'1-+,%3 3.* %3%*('+,/%*1% -*
/'(0.(.3/.3 +&-,1.M 1.&.3 (.*31'1-E%* 0%40.&-(('.*%3 0%&-('&+3 &% .>K%1.3
5-/+*.3 (./. 3' %, *'8. + ,.3 .K.3 &%, 4O>,'(. 3),. B-%3% -* 5./>0% /63 4%L-%8.
-* 5./O*(-,. +, L-% 3% &%>% 40.=%%0 &% .>K%1.3 &% 3- 1+/+8.
+3 B.0/+3 '*=%*1+&+3 3.* /-E %3(+3+3D +,:-*.3 K-%:.3 &% (.*310-((')*
B-*&+&.3 %* ,+ 1%*&%*('+ + +0/+0 .>K%1.3 3.* ,.3 O*'(.3 L-% 40.4.*%* B.0/+3
&'*6/'(+3 * 1.&.3 ,.3 .10.3 (+3.3 %, K-:-%1% B0+*(C3 $ E %3% +,:.
3'%/40% %316 1.1+,/%*1% 3.('+,'7+&. (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 ,.3 /'1.3 . ,+3 1C(*'(+3 &% ,+
='&+ /.&%0*+ +&-,1+D %KC0('1. 0+&'. (.00%.3 /%&'('*+ Q/+,%1'*%3 &% /C&'(. %*
/'*'+1-0+ 3+,+3 &% .4%0+(')* 4+0+ /-8%(+3R %3(-%,+ 4%'*+&. +01231'(. Q(+3(.3
0'7+&.0%3R +='+(')* Q4+0+(+'&'31+3R 10+*34.01%3 Q10%*%3 '10.%*3 ,+*(5+3 /.1.*%1+3
%31+('.*%3 &% 3%0='('.R ('%*('+ QK-:-%1%3 /+0('+*.3R
.3 K-:-%1%3 B0+*(%3%3 +, 40%B':-0+0 %, -*'=%03. &% ,+3 B-*('.*%3
+&-,1+3 40%4+0+ +, *'8. 4+0+ L-% ,+3 +(%41% %* 3- 1.1+,'&+&M ,% :%*%0+ +-* +*1%3 &%
L-% 0%B,%<'.*% ,+ 3%:-0'&+& &% -*+ *+1-0+,%7+ L-% 3'%/40% 5+ (0%+&. 3.,&+&.3
%/4,%+&.3 &% (.00%.3 E /.1.*%1+3 , K-:-%1% %*10%:+ %, (+16,.:. &% 1.&. +L-%,,.
L-% *. +3./>0+ +, +&-,1.D ,+ :-%00+ ,+ >-0.(0+('+ ,+ B%+,&+& ,.3 /+0('+*.3 %1( .0
.10+ 4+01% %, 3':*. &% 0%*-*('+ *. %3 1+*1. ,+ '/'1+(')* 3'*. 3- ,'1%0+,'&+&D %, K-:-%1%
B0+*(C3 %3 (./. -*+ (+>%7+ &% K2>+0. %* ,+ L-% %*(-%*10+ &%, 1+/+8. &% -*+
/+*7+*+ ,+3 +00-:+3 E ,.3 (+>%,,.3 &%, +&-,1. <'31%* 4.0 %K%/4,. /-8%(+3 L-%
.0'*+*M 1'%*%* -* %3)B+:. 3% ,%3 &+ %, >'>%0)* /.K+* 3-3 4+8+,%3M &%*10. &% 4.(. 3'*
&-&+ ,+ ,%(5% 3% 10+*3B.0/+06 %* +:-+ &%*10. &% 3- ='%*10% 32 3% 4-%&% 40%4+0+0 +
,+ *'8'1+ 4+0+ ,+ (+-3+,'&+& &./C31'(+ N(.*&'('.*+0,+N 4+0+ 3- B-1-0. 4+4%, &%
/+&0% ),. L-% +*1% %31% -*'=%03. &% .>K%1.3 B'%,%3 E (./4,'(+&.3 %, *'8. 3%
(.*31'1-E% +4%*+3 %* 40.4'%1+0'. %* -3-+0'. K+/63 %* (0%+&.0M *. '*=%*1+ %,
/-*&. ,. -1','7+ % ,% 40%4+0+ :%31.3 3'* +=%*1-0+ 3'* +3./>0. E 3'* +,%:02+ %
5+(% &% C, -* 4%L-%8. 40.4'%1+0'. 3'* '*L-'%1-&%3 L-% *' 3'L-'%0+ 1'%*% L-% '*=%*1+0
,.3 0%3.01%3 &% ,+ (+-3+,'&+& +&-,1+M 3% ,.3 40.4.0('.*+ 1.1+,/%*1% ,'31.3D 3),. 1'%*%
L-% 3%0='03% K+/63 1'%*% L-% ,.:0+0 +,:. -+,L-'%0 K-%:. &% (.*310-((')* /'%*10+3
*. 3%+ &%/+3'+&. 0%B'*+&. '/4,'(+ -* +40%*&'7+K% &%, /-*&. /-E &'B%0%*1%D %, *'8.
*. (0%+ .>K%1.3 3':*'B'(+1'=.3 ,% '/4.01+ 4.(. L-% 1%*:+* -* *./>0% +&-,1.M *.
%K%0(% -* -3. 3'*. -*+ &%/'-0:'+D (0%+ B.0/+3 L-% +*&+* L-% &+* =-%,1+3 (0%+ -*+
='&+ *. -*+ 40.4'%&+& .3 .>K%1.3 3% (.*&-(%* 4.0 32 /'3/.3 E+ *. 3.* -*+
/+1%0'+ '*%01% E (./4,'(+&+ %* %, 5-%(. &% ,+ /+*. %0. %31.N %3 4.(. B0%(-%*1%D &%
.0&'*+0'. %, K-:-%1% B0+*(C3 %3 -* K-:-%1% &% '/'1+(')* L-'%0% 5+(%0 *'8.3 -3-+0'.3
*. *'8.3 (0%+&.0%3
, +>-0:-%3+/'%*1. &%, K-:-%1% *. 3),. 3% 0%(.*.(% %* 3-3 B.0/+3
+>3.,-1+/%*1% B-*('.*+,%3 3'*. 1+/>'C* %* 3- 3-31+*('+ .3 K-:-%1%3 (.00'%*1%3 3.*
&% -*+ /+1%0'+ &%3+:0+&+>,% 40.&-(1.3 &% -* 40.(%3. L-2/'(. *. &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+
Roland Barthes Mitologías

(1-+,/%*1% %316* /.,&%+&.3 %* 4+31+3 (./4,'(+&+3M %, /+1%0'+, 4,631'(. /-%310+

-*+ +4+0'%*('+ :0.3%0+ % 5':'C*'(+ + ,+ =%7 %<1'*:-% %, 4,+(%0 ,+ 3-+='&+& ,+
5-/+*'&+& &%, 1+(1. * 3':*. (.*31%0*+*1% %3 ,+ &%3+4+0'(')* 40.:0%3'=+ &% ,+
/+&%0+ /+1%0'+ L-% 3'* %/>+0:. %3 '&%+, 4.0 3- B'0/%7+ E 3- 3-+='&+& %, (+,.0
*+1-0+, &% 3- (.*1+(1.M ,+ /+&%0+ %,'/'*+ (-+,L-'%0+ L-% 3%+ ,+ B.0/+ L-% 3-31%*1%
,+ ,+31'/+&-0+ &% ,.3 6*:-,.3 &%/+3'+&. +:-&.3 %, B02. L-2/'(. &%, /%1+,M (-+*&. %,
*'8. ,+ /+*'4-,+ E ,+ :.,4%+ *' ='>0+ *' (5'002+ 1'%*% -* 3.*'&. 3.0&. E ,'/4'. +,
/'3/. 1'%/4.M %3 -*+ 3-31+*('+ B+/','+0 E 4.C1'(+ L-% 4%0/'1% +, *'8. -*+
(.*1'*-'&+& &% (.*1+(1. (.* %, 60>., ,+ /%3+ %, 4'3. + /+&%0+ *. 5+(% &+8. *' 3%
&%3(./4.*%M *. 3% 0./4% 3% :+31+M 4-%&% &-0+0 /-(5. 1'%/4. ='='0 (.* %, *'8.
/.&'B'(+0 4.(. + 4.(. ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 &%, .>K%1. E &% ,+ /+*.M 3' /-%0% ,. 5+(%
&'3/'*-E%*&. *. 5'*(56*&.3% (./. %3.3 K-:-%1%3 /%(6*'(.3 L-% &%3+4+0%(%* >+K.
,+ 5%0*'+ &% -* 0%3.01% &%3(./4-%31. + /+&%0+ 5+(% .>K%1.3 %3%*('+,%3 .>K%1.3 &%
3'%/40% + (+3' *. 3% %*(-%*10+* %3.3 K-:-%1%3 &% /+&%0+ %3.3 +40'3(.3 &% ,.3
!.3:.3 L-% %0+* 4.3'>,%3 %3 ('%01. %* ,.3 1'%/4.3 &%, +01%3+*. 5.0+ %, K-:-%1% %3
L-2/'(. %* 3-31+*('+ E %* (.,.0M 3- /+1%0'+, '*10.&-(% + -*+ (%*%31%3'+ &%, -3. *.
&%, 4,+(%0 &%/63 %31.3 K-:-%1%3 /-%0%* /-E 064'&. E -*+ =%7 /-%01.3 *. 1'%*%*
4+0+ %, *'8. *'*:-*+ ='&+ 4)31-/+

% " " "# #

4%3+0 &% ,+3 /.,%31'+3 E &%3&'(5+3 L-% 10+K. + /',%3 &% B0+*(%3%3 ,+
'*-*&+(')* &% %*%0. &% 9AA 1-=. L-% =%0 /63 (.* ,+ B'%31+ L-% (.* ,+ (+16310.B%
* 40'/%0 ,-:+0 &%3(%*10) +,:-*.3 .>K%1.3 0%*.=) ,+ 4%0(%4(')* &%, /-*&.
'*10.&-('%*&. 4-*1.3 &% .>3%0=+(')* '*3),'1.3 E 3'* %/>+0:. %<4,'(+>,%3D 5%/.3
='31. +-1.3 0%&-('&.3 + 3- 1%(5. B+0.,%3 10-*(+&.3 (-E+ (+>%7+ %0+ ,. O*'(. L-%
3.>0%*+&+>+ (./. -* *%*OB+0 (+3+3 (.01+&+3 (./. (->.3 &% *'8.3 -* :+1.
>,.L-%+&. =+0'.3 &2+3 3.>0% -* 60>., .&.3 %31.3 .>K%1.3 (.1'&'+*.3 4+0%('%0.*
>0-3(+/%*1% 3%4+0+&.3 &% 3-3 0+2(%3 40'=+&.3 &% ,+ 3-31+*('+ 0+7.*+>,% 4.0
%<(%,%*('+D ,+ 1'%00+ 3+ 0-41-0+ 1-=. %, /C0'1. &% /+*1%*%03% (./. (-0'.3'&+& 3'*
0%3-,1+0 /6:'(+/%*1% +/%*+7+*1%D ,+ *+4+ &% +:-+ +(1-) (./. 10-(. %<'1.3. 4%0.
(.*.('&.M ,.3 5./>0%3 1-='%0.* %, 4,+(%0 &% =%0 B.0/+3 /.&'B'(+&+3 4%0. N*+1-0+,%3N
+, B'* E 3- %3420'1- 4-&. /+*1%*%03% B'K. 3.>0% %, %B%(1. 3'* 0%10.:0+&+03%
+*:-31'.3+/%*1% 5+('+ ,+ .3(-0'&+& &% ,+3 (+-3+3 + (0%%*('+ 10+31.0*) ,+ )41'(+
(.1'&'+*+ 3'* &%0'=+0,+ + ,. B+*1631'(.M ,.3 .>K%1.3 B-%0.* 4+0('+,/%*1% >.00+&.3 *.
&%B.0/+&.3D %, %34%(16(-,. 0%3-,1) 3'*:-,+0 4%0. 0+7.*+>,%
.&+ 0-41-0+ -* 1+*1. +/4,'+ &% ,. (.1'&'+*. '*10.&-(% + ,+ B'%31+ 32 ,+
(0%('&+ *. 3),. %,':') E &%3(%*10) +,:-*.3 .>K%1.3 3'*. L-% 10+31.0*) ,+ (%*%31%3'+
/'3/+ &%, 4+'3+K% ,+ .0:+*'7+(')* +*(%310+, &% ,.3 5.0'7.*1%3D ,+3 ,2*%+3 5+>'1-+,%3
&%, (+1+310. ,+3 (.01'*+3 &% 60>.,%3 ,+3 5',%0+3 &% (+3+3 ,+3 0-1+3 %, 40.4'. ,%(5. &%,
02. %3+ %31+>','&+& B-*&+/%*1+, 1+* >'%* 40%4+0+&+ 4.0 ,+3 B.0/+3 &% ,+ 40.4'%&+&
1.&. B-% >.00+&. ,. 0-:.3. B-% (.*=%01'&. %* 3-+=% 4,+*'('%D *. /63 =2+3 *' .0',,+3
*' &'0%(('.*%3M -*+ 3-31+*('+ 4,+*+ L-% *. =+ + *'*:-*+ 4+01% E L-% 3-34%*&% %,
&%=%*'0 &%, 5./>0% ,. +4+01+ &% -*+ 0+7)* &% -* -3. 40.=%(5.3. &% ,.3 ,-:+0%3
, B%*)/%*. /63 '*L-'%1+*1% %3 3'* &-&+ ,+ &%3+4+0'(')* &%, 40.4'. 02.D C,
(+-3+ &% 1.&. %31% 10+31.0*. *. %316 /63 %, +:-+ *. 1'%*% /63 (-03. ,+ ('*1+ &%, 02.
%3+ B.0/+ %,%/%*1+, &% (-+,L-'%0 4%0(%4(')* :%.:06B'(+ L-% 1+*1. %*1-3'+3/+ + ,.3
*'8.3 K-31+/%*1% 4+3+ &% ,+ ,2*%+ +, 4,+*.M ,.3 +(('&%*1%3 &%, %34+('. E+ *. 1'%*%*
Roland Barthes Mitologías

*'*:O* (.*1%<1. *. 5+E /63 K%0+0L-2+ %*10% %, 02. ,+ 0-1+ ,.3 (+/4.3 ,.3 1+,-&%3
,.3 1%00%*.3 >+,&2.3M ,+ /'0+&+ 4+*.06/'(+ 4'%0&% 3- /+E.0 4.&%0 L-% (.*3'31% %*
.0:+*'7+0 %, %34+('. (./. -*+ E-<1+4.3'(')* &% B-*('.*%3 * (.*3%(-%*('+ ,+
(0%('&+ 4%01-0>+ +, (%*10. /'3/. &% ,.3 0%B,%K.3 )41'(.3 %0. %31+ 4%01-0>+(')* *. %3
+/%*+7+*1% Q5+>,. &% ,+3 B.1.3 &% ,+ 40%*3+ O*'(. /%&'. &% (.*3-/. &%
,+ '*-*&+(')* =%0&+&%0+/%*1% (.,%(1'=.RD ,+ +40.4'+(')* &%, %34+('. %316 3-34%*&'&+
,+ 4%0(%4(')* +3./>0+&+ 4%0. ,+ 3%*3+(')* :,.>+, 4%0/+*%(% 3-+=% +4+('>,%
'*/)=', E +B+>,%M ,+ /'0+&+ 3% 4'%0&% %* -*+ &',-(')* '*B'*'1+M ,+ 0-41-0+ &% ,+ ='3')*
(.1'&'+*+ *. %3 3%/%K+*1% +, 1-/-,1.D %3 -*+ /-1+(')* &% ,+ L-% 3),. 3% =% 3- B.0/+
1%0/'*+&+ E 4.0 %3. 3% +,%K+ &%, 5.00.0
%31% 3.3'%:. &% ,+ ='31+ +10+2&+ 4.0 %, &%3>.0&% &% ,.3 02.3 (+,/.3 %* -*
3-34%*3. &% ,+3 B-*('.*%3 E &% ,.3 &% ,+ 1.4.:0+B2+ 1%00%310% (.00%34.*&% 3'*
&-&+ %, /'1. B%,'7 &%, &%3,'7+/'%*1.D +*1% ,+3 B.1.3 &% '*-*&+(')* %, ,%(1.0 3'%*1%
&%3,'7+03% 4.0 40.(-0+(')* 32 3% %<4,'(+ %, %*.0/% C<'1. &% ,+3 %3(%*+3 &.*&% 3%
=%* >.1%3 L-% +*&+* 4.0 ,+ (+,,%D *-/%0.3+3 %3(%*+3 &% ,+3 L-% &'+0'.3 E ,%(1.0%3 3%
/.310+0.* 6='&.3 % 0%+,'7+ %* ,+ 0%+,'&+& %, :0+* 3-%8. /21'(. % '*B+*1', &%,
(+/'*+*1% +(-61'(. 0+3 /',%*'.3 &% *+=%:+(')* %, >+0(. 3':-% 3'%*&. -* .>K%1.
3.040%*&%*1% 0.&-(% %*='&'+3 4+3'.*%3 %*3-%8.3D *'8.3 %* %, K-%:. . 10+>+K+&.0%3
B+3('*+&.3 4.0 %, (0-(%0. 1.&.3 ,. =%* (./. '*310-/%*1. &% ,'>%0+(')* ,+ 0%3.,-(')*
3'%/40% +3./>0.3+ &% -* 40.>,%/+ '*%<4,'(+>,% 4+0+ %, >-%* 3%*1'&.D (+/'*+0 3.>0%
%, +:-+ + '*-*&+(')* 0%+='=+ %, 1%/+ E ,% .B0%(% (./. /+0(. %31'/-,+*1% ,+ (+,,% &%
1.&.3 ,.3 &2+3D 3% =+ %* >+0(. +, +,/+(C* %, (-0+ =+ %* >.1% + 3- ':,%3'+ -*+ B+/','+
=+ &% (./40+3 %* (+*.+
%31+ %34%('% &% K-%:. 3% +8+&% ,+ %-B.0'+ &% 0%(.*310-'0 ,+ +,&%+ . %, >+00'.
&% (.,.(+0,% (+/'*.3 *-%=.3 &% (.*3'&%0+0,. (+3' (./. -* %34+('. 1%+10+, (+/>'+0 %,
/'1. '*B+*1', &% ,+ (+>+8+ 4.0 ,+ &'B'(-,1.3+ +40.<'/+(')* + ,+ (+3+@0%B-:'. &%B%*&'&+
4.0 %, +:-+ /'3/+ (./. -* (+31',,. B%-&+, . -* 4+,+('. =%*%('+*. +0+&)K'(+/%*1%
,+ '*-*&+(')* 5'7. -* /-*&. /63 &'34.*'>,% /+*%K+>,% (.* %3+ %34%('% &%
&%,%(1+(')* L-% %, *'8. 4.*% %* +(./.&+0 3-3 K-:-%1%3 %* %<4,.0+0,.3 E %* :.7+0 (.*
%,,.3 +3 (+3+3 3),. B-%0.* (->.3 ,.3 0'%,%3 ,2*%+3 +'3,+&+3 ,.3 0%>+8.3 /+3+3
10+*34.01+&+3 E %, >+0L-'1. %3% K-:-%1% 3-4%0,+1'=. &%, -*'=%03. '*B+*1', 3% (.*='01')
%* %, /.&. &% 4.3%3')* &% %31% %34+('. 40%4+0+&. %<5'>'&. E *. %*0+'7+&. (./.
+*1%3
' 3% 4+3+ &% ,.3 /'1.3 &% 3%*3+(')* + ,.3 /'1.3 &% =+,.0 ,+ '*-*&+(')* :-+0&+
,+ /'3/+ 0%3%0=+ &% %-B.0'+D (.* %,,+ ,+ 40%*3+ 4-&. &%3+00.,,+0 /-E B6(',/%*1% -*+
&'*6/'(+ &% ,+ 3.,'&+0'&+& E &2+ + &2+ 0%(.*31'1-'0 ,+ (0%('&+ (./. -*
+(.*1%('/'%*1. L-% 4-%&% +:0-4+0 + ,.3 5./>0%3 31. 3% &%>% %3%*('+,/%*1% + ,+
*+1-0+,%7+ &%, /+,D 5+>2+ +,:. (6,'&. E +(1'=. 4.0 %K%/4,. %* ,+ /+*%0+ %*
L-% ,.3 &'+0'.3 +3':*+>+* &% +*1%/+*. + ,+ (0%('&+ 3- &2+ &% /6<'/. *'=%,M %, 4,+7.
(+3' ('%*12B'(. .1.0:+&. +, %31+,,'&. &%, /+, 4%0/'1') (.*:0%:+0 + ,.3 5./>0%3 %* -*+
%,+>.0+(')* 0+('.*+, &%, 0%/%&'.D &'L-%3 .>1-0+('.*%3 %=+(-+('.*%3 3 ,+ /'3/+
%-B.0'+ 40.&-(1'=+ L-% 5+(% :-+0&+0 -*+ (.3%(5+ . ,+ 0.4+ +*1%3 &% ,+ 1.0/%*1+
+,7+0 -* 4-%*1% ,%=+&'7. %* -*+ *.=%,+ &% +=%*1-0+3 %* 0%3-/%* ,-(5+0 (.*10+ ,+
*+1-0+,%7+ (.* %, 1'%/4. (./. O*'(+ +0/+ , +/%*+7+0 + +023 ,+ (0%('&+ (+3' 3%
(->0') (.* %, /'1. (-+0%*1'.(5%3(.D ,.3 4+0'3'%*3%3 ,%=+*1+0.* N>+00'(+&+3N (.*
+E-&+ &% +&.L-'*%3 &%B%*&'%0.* 3- ('-&+& (.*10+ %, 02. %*%/':. 31% /.&. &%
0%3'31%*('+ ,%:%*&+0'+ 3%&-K. '*1%*3+/%*1% 3-31%*1+&. 4.0 ,+ '/+:'*%02+ &%, /-0. &%
(.*1%*(')* &% ,+ 10'*(5%0+ :,.0'.3+ &% ,+ /-0+,,+ &% +0%*+ L-% ,.3 *'8.3 (.*310-E%*

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%* ,+ 4,+E+ 4+0+ ,-(5+0 +40%3-0+&+/%*1% (.*10+ ,+ /+0%K+&+ 0+ /63 *.>,% L-% %,

>./>%. &% ,.3 3)1+*.3 &%, L-% ,.3 &'+0'.3 *. 4-&'%0.* 3+(+0 &%/+3'+&. 4+01'&.D ,+3
4.01%0+3 *. %*1%*&2+* 4+0+ L-C 4.&2+ 3%0='0 3+(+0 +:-+ L-% =.,=2+ + +00.K+03% +, 02.
%* 4%0/+*%*1% (0%('&+ 0+ /%K.0 &%3+00.,,+0 ,+ '/+:%* &% -*+ /.=','7+(')* +0/+&+
%, (.*(-03. &% ,+3 10.4+3 ,.3 >.1%3 *%-/61'(.3 + /.1.0 %, 3+,=+/%*1. N&% ,.3 *'8.3
+*('+*.3 E %*B%0/.3N ,+ %*10+&+ >2>,'(+ &% ,.3 0%>+8.3 ,+ B'%>0% &% .C ,,%*+*&. %,
+0(+ .0L-% %, +0(+ %3 -* /'1. B%,'7D ,+ 5-/+*'&+& 1./+ &'31+*('+ &% ,.3 %,%/%*1.3
3% (.*(%*10+ %* C, E %,+>.0+ ,+ (.*('%*('+ *%(%3+0'+ &% 3-3 4.&%0%3 E 5+(% 3-0:'0 &% ,+
40.4'+ &%3&'(5+ ,+ %='&%*('+ &% L-% %, /-*&. %3 (.*10.,+>,%
+ " " "

*.3 5+ (.*1+&. -*+ 5'31.0'+ L-% 5+>,+ (,+0+/%*1% 3.>0% %, /'1.

4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 &%, *%:0.D -* /+10'/.*'. &% K)=%*%3 40.B%3.0%3 %<4,.0) %, 4+23 &%
,.3 (+*2>+,%3 4+0+ 4'*1+0 +,:-*.3 (-+&0.3 E ,,%=+0.* (.* %,,.3 + 3- >%>C &% /%3%3
'(52* + :%*1% L-%&) %<1+3'+&+ +*1% ,+ =+,%*12+ &% ,.3 4+&0%3 E &%, *'8.
+0+ %/4%7+0 *. 5+E *+&+ /63 '00'1+*1% L-% -* 5%0.23/. 3'* .>K%1. 3 :0+=%
,+ 3'1-+(')* &% -*+ 3.('%&+& (-+*&. 3% &%&'(+ + &%3+00.,,+0 :0+1-'1+/%*1% ,+3 $
3-3 ='01-&%3 ' ,.3 4%,':0.3 (.00'&.3 4.0 %, 4%L-%8. '(52* Q1.00%*1%3 B'%0+3
%*B%0/%&+&%3 %1( R B-%0.* 0%+,%3 0%3-,1+ =%0&+&%0+/%*1% %31O4'&. '/4.*C03%,.3
3),. 4+0+ '0 + &'>-K+0 +, B0'(+ E 4+0+ 3+1'3B+(%0 %, &-&.3. 40%31':'. &% B'K+0 %* ,+ 1%,+
N-*+ .0:2+ &% 3., E &% ,-7NM /63 (.*&%*+>,% +O* %3 5+(%0 4+3+0 %3+ %31-4'&%7 (./. 3'
B-%0+ -*+ 5+7+8+ &%(.0+1'=+ E (.*/.=%&.0+ !%+/.3 ()/. B-*('.*+ +L-2 ,+
=+,%*12+D -* +(1. B.0/+, E 5-%(. L-% '*34'0+ /63 0%34%1. (-+*1. /63 '*/.1'=+&.
+4+0%(% .3 5+,,+/.3 %* 4,%*+ ('=','7+(')* &.*&% ,.3 ()&':.3 &% 3%*1'/'%*1.3
E =+,.0%3 %316* (./4,%1+/%*1% &%3,':+&.3 &% ,.3 40.>,%/+3 (.*(0%1.3 &% 3.,'&+0'&+&
. &% 40.:0%3. 3 %, ='%K. /'1. &%, N(+06(1%0N %3 &%('0 &%, N+40%*&'7+K%N +3 40.%7+3
&% '(52* 3.* 3%/%K+*1%3 + ,+3 +3(%*3'.*%3 %34%(1+(-,+0%3D &%/.310+('.*%3 &% .0&%*
C1'(. L-% 3),. +&L-'%0%* 3- =+,.0 B'*+, 4.0 ,+ 4->,'('&+& L-% 3% ,%3 (.*B'%0% *
*-%310.3 4+23%3 ,+3 B.0/+3 3.('+,'7+&+3 &%, &%4.01% (.,%(1'=. 3.* B0%(-%*1%/%*1%
0%/4,+7+&+3 4.0 -*+ B.0/+ 3-4%0,+1'=+ &%, &%4.01% &% :0+*&%3 B':-0+3M %, %3B-%07.
B23'(. *. B-*&+/%*1+ -*+ %*3%8+*7+ 4+0+ %, :0-4. /63 >'%* '*31+,+ -*+ /.0+, &% ,+
=+*'&+& -* %<.1'3/. &% ,+ 0%3'31%*('+ -*+ %*&%>,% /231'(+ &% ,+ +=%*1-0+ 3%:0%:+&+
/.*310-.3+/%*1% &% 1.&+ 40%.(-4+(')* &% 3.('+>','&+&
_ ='+K% &% ,.3 4+&0%3 &% '(52* + -*+ (./+0(+ =+:+/%*1% 3'1-+&+ /.310+&+
B-*&+/%*1+,/%*1% (./. %, +23 &% ,.3 %:0.3 .K.3 %34%('% &% ,-:+0 *.=%,%3(. &%,
L-% 3% %3B-/+* (./. 3'* L-%0%0,. ,+3 (+0+(1%0231'(+3 &%/+3'+&. 0%+,%3 4%0. (-E.
*./>0% ,%:%*&+0'. 40.4.*% -*+ +/>':V%&+& +1%00+&.0+ %*10% %, (.,.0 &% 3- 1'*1% E
,+ 3+*:0% 5-/+*+ L-% 3% %31+02+ .>,':+&. + >%>%0 %3% ='+K% 3% *.3 .B0%(% (.* %,
=.(+>-,+0'. &% ,+ (.*L-'31+D 3% 4+01% 3'* +0/+3 4.0 3-4-%31. 4%0. N4+,%1+ E 4'*(%,
%* /+*.N (./. 3' 3% 10+1+0+ &% -*+ (+(%02+ . &% -*+ %<4%&'(')* :-%00%0+ &%('&'&+
%* (.*&'('.*%3 /+1%0'+,%3 '*:0+1+3 Q,.3 5C0.%3 3'%/40% 3.* 4.>0%3 *-%310+ 3.('%&+&
>-0.(061'(+ *. B+=.0%(% ,+3 %<4%&'('.*%3 *.>,%3R 4%0. 0'(+ %* =+,%*12+ PE &%
3.>%0>'+ Q. :0.1%3(+R '*-1','&+& , 4%L-%8. '(52* (-/4,% %, 4+4%, &% +03'B+,D
.4.*% 3- (.,.0 0->'. 3- '*.(%*('+ 3-3 >-(,%3 E 3- 3.*0'3+ +, /-*&. '*B%0*+, &% ,+3
4'%,%3 *%:0+3 E 0.K+3 + ,+3 %3(+0'B'(+('.*%3 E + ,+3 /63(+0+3 5.00'4',+*1%3
+1-0+,/%*1% ,+ 3-+='&+& >,+*(+ 0%3-,1+ ='(1.0'.3+D '(52* 3./%1% + N,.3 (./%&.0%3
&% 5./>0%3N E 3% (.*='%01% %* 3- 2&.,. Q,.3 >,+*(.3 %316* &%('&'&+/%*1% 5%(5.3 4+0+
3%0 &'.3%3R '(52* %3 -* >-%* *'8. B0+*(C3 3-+='7+ E 3./%1% 3'* ='.,%*('+ +,:-*+ +

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

,.3 3+,=+K%3D + ,.3 &.3 +8.3 %* =%7 &% '0 +, >.3L-% &% .,.*'+ E+ 10+>+K+ 4+0+ 3-
4+10'+ ':-+, L-% 3- 4+46 L-'%* *. 3% 3+>% >'%* 4.0 L-C 0+7)* (./4+01% ,+ ='&+ &%
-* 4%,.1)* /.*1+&. %* (+/%,,. E +(.3+ + N,.3 >+*&'&.3N 4.0 %, /.*1%
3 B6(', +&'='*+0 ,+ '/+:%* &%, *%:0. L-% 3% 4%0B',+ &%1063 &% %31+ >-%*+ E
%31'/-,+*1% 5'31.0'+D +*1% 1.&. %, *%:0. +3-31+D %3 (+*2>+,M E 3' -*. %*(-%*10+
5%0.'(. + '(52* %3 4.0L-% %* 0%+,'&+& (.00% %, 0'%3:. &% 3%0 (./'&. '* ,+
40%3%*('+ '/4,2('1+ &% %31% 0'%3:. ,+ 5'31.0'+ 4%0&%02+ 1.&+ 3- ='01-& &% '/4+(1. %,
,%(1.0 *. 3%*1'02+ /'%&.M 4.0 %3. 3% /-,1'4,'(+* ,+3 (.*B0.*1+('.*%3 &.*&% %, *'8.
>,+*(. +4+0%(% 3.,. +>+*&.*+&. &%340%.(-4+&. E %<4-%31. &%*10. &% -* (20(-,. &%
*%:0.3 4.1%*('+,/%*1% +/%*+7+*1%3 Q,+ O*'(+ '/+:%* 4,%*+/%*1% 10+*L-','7+&.0+
&%, *%:0. 3%06 ,+ &%, %, >60>+0. &./%31'(+&. -*'&. 4.0 .10+ 4+01% (.* %, .10.
,-:+0 (./O* &% 1.&+3 ,+3 >-%*+3 5'31.0'+3 &% B0'(+D %, /-(5+(5. ,+&0)* L-%
&%3+4+0%(% (.* ,+3 (.3+3 &%, +/.R *1% (+&+ '/+:%* -*. &%>% %310%/%(%03% 4.0 ,.
L-% 5+>02+ 4.&'&. 3-(%&%0 +-*L-% K+/63 3% ,. '*3'*O+M ,+ *+00+(')* %3 N.>K%1'=+N
%0. %* 0%+,'&+& %3+ *+00+(')* &%3(+*3+ 3.>0% %, %*B0%*1+/'%*1. 4+1C1'(. &%, (-%04.
>,+*(. E &% ,+ 4'%, *%:0+ &% ,+ '*.(%*('+ E &% ,+ (0-%,&+& &% ,+ %34'0'1-+,'&+& E &% ,+
/+:'+M ,+ %,,+ %*(+&%*+ + ,+ %31'+ +*'%, 3% &%K+ ,+/%0 4.0 ,.3 ,%.*%3 ,+
('=','7+(')* &%, +,/+ 3./%1% + ,+ >+0>+0'% &%, '*31'*1.
+ 40.B-*&+ +31-('+ &% ,+ .4%0+(')* '(52* (.*3'31% %* /.310+0 %, /-*&. +
10+=C3 &% ,.3 .K.3 &%, *'8. >,+*(.D +,,2 1.&. 3% 4+0%(% %='&%*1%/%*1% + -* <
(./. %3+ 0%&-((')* (.00%34.*&% %<+(1+/%*1% + ,+ '/+:%* L-% 3.>0% ,+3 +01%3 E ,+3
(.31-/>0%3 %<)1'(+3 4.3%% %, 3%*1'&. (./O* %, ,%(1.0 &% (.*B'0/+ 3- ='3')*
4-%0', 3% 3-/%0:% +O* /63 %* %3+ '/4.1%*('+ 4+0+ '/+:'*+0 + ,.3 .10.3 L-% E+ 5%
3%8+,+&. + 40.4)3'1. &% ,.3 /'1.3 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3%3 * %, B.*&. %, *%:0. *. 1'%*%
-*+ ='&+ 4,%*+ E +-1)*./+D %3 -* .>K%1. (-0'.3.M 3% 0%&-(% + -*+ B-*(')* 4+063'1+D
&'310+%0 + ,.3 5./>0%3 >,+*(.3 (.* 3- %<10+=+:+*('+ .3(-0+/%*1% +/%*+7+*1% ,
B0'(+ %3 -* 1%+10. &% 121%0%3 -* 1+*1. 4%,':0.3.
+5.0+ 3' B0%*1% + %31+ '/+:'*%02+ :%*%0+, 0 + +,0%&%&.0 &% -* /',,)* E
/%&'. &% ,%(1.0%3R 3% (.,.(+* ,.3 %3B-%07.3 &% ,.3 %1*),.:.3 4.0 &%3/'31'B'(+0 %,
B%*)/%*. *%:0. ,+3 0':-0.3+3 40%(+-('.*%3 L-% .>3%0=+* &%3&% 5+(% /-(5. 1'%/4.
(-+*&. %316* .>,':+&.3 + /+*%K+0 *.('.*%3 1+* +/>':-+3 (./. N40'/'1'=.N .
N+0(+'(.3N ,+ 40.>'&+& '*1%,%(1-+, &% 5./>0%3 (./. +-33 C='@ 10+-33 . %0.'@
.-05+* %* 4%0/+*%*1% (.*B,'(1. (.* ='%K.3 1C0/'*.3 0+('+,%3 (+/-B,+&.3 3%
(./40%*&%06 /%K.0 -*+ &% *-%310+3 /+E.0%3 &%>','&+&%3D %, &'=.0('. +>0-/+&.0
%*10% %, (.*.('/'%*1. E ,+ /'1.,.:2+ + ('%*('+ /+0(5+ =%,.7 E 0%(1+/%*1% 4.0 3-
(+/'*.M 4%0. ,+3 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3 (.,%(1'=+3 *. ,+ +(./4+8+* 4%0/+*%(%* (.*
3':,.3 &% +10+3.M %, 4.&%0 ,+ :0+* 40%*3+ E ,.3 =+,.0%3 (.*3+:0+&.3 4.0 %, .0&%* ,+3
/+*1'%*%* %31+*(+&+3 %* %, %00.0
!'='/.3 +O* %* -*+ /%*1+,'&+& @=.,1%0'+*+ %3 *%(%3+0'. 0%4%1'0,.
'*(%3+*1%/%*1% * ,+ C4.(+ &% .*1%3L-'%- . &% !.,1+'0% 3' 3% +3./>0+>+* &% ,.3
%03+3 . &% ,.3 -0.*%3 %0+ 4+0+ (.*(%&%0,%3 +, /%*.3 %Y >%*%B'('. &% ,+
'*:%*-'&+& !.,1+'0% *. %3(0'>'02+ 5.E ,+3 +=%*1-0+3 &% '(52* 1+, (./. ,.
5'7.D '/+:'*+02+ /63 >'%* +,:O* '(52* (+*2>+, Q. (.0%+*.R %* (.*B,'(1. (.* %,
N:-'8.,N *+4+,/'7+&. &% (('&%*1%

" + %2

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

; %, B',/ &% Z+7+* %3 -* >-%* %K%/4,. &% /'31'B'(+(')* ./. 3%

3+>% 3% 10+1+ &% -* 5%0/.3. %31'>+&.0 '*&.,%*1% E ,':%0+/%*1% 1.04% Q +0')*
0+*&.R (-E+ (.*('%*('+ 3% &%34'%01+ 4.(. + 4.(. :0+('+3 +, +/.0 E + ,+ ':,%3'+
Q%*(+0*+&+ %* -* (-0+ '/4-,3'=. &% %31',. 34%,,/+*'+*.R ./. %31% &%34%01+0
(.'*('&% (.* ,+ %,'/'*+(')* &% -* 3'*&'(+1. B0+-&-,%*1. E +>-3'=. E 4+0%(% %/4-K+0 +
,.3 %31'>+&.0%3 + 0%3'31'0 + =+0'.3 &% 3-3 %<4,.1+&.0%3 +,:-*.3 3% 5+* 40%:-*1+&. 3'
*. %316>+/.3 B0%*1% + -* B',/ =+,'%*1% -* B',/ &% N'7L-'%0&+N &%31'*+&. + /.310+0 %,
40.>,%/+ .>0%0. +, 4O>,'(. *.01%+/%0'(+*.
* 0%+,'&+& 3% 10+1+ -*+ =%7 /63 &% %3+ =+(-*+ (.*10+ ,+ =%0&+& (-E.
/.&%0*23'/. /%(+*'3/. 5% '*&'(+&. + 40.4)3'1. &% .10.3 B',/3 *.01%+/%0'(+*.3D ,+
B-*(')* &% %<4,.1+(')* &% ,+ :0+* 4+10.*+, 3% &%0'=+ 5+('+ -* 0%&-('&. :0-4. &%
:6*:31%03 E /%&'+*1% ,+ (.*B%3')* &% %3% 4%L-%8. /+, 3%8+,+&. (./. -*+ 4O31-,+
,%=% E &%3+:0+&+>,% 3% *.3 &%3=2+ &%, /+, 0%+, 3% %='1+ *./>0+0,. 3% ,. %<.0('7+
'* %/>+0:. >+31+ (.* &%3(0'>'0 .>K%1'=+/%*1% ,.3 N4+4%,%3N &%, B',/ &% Z+7+*
4+0+ %31+>,%(%0 3'* +4%,+(')* 4.3'>,% 3- 4.&%0 /'31'B'(+&.0D %, 40.,%1+0'+&. %316
(.*31'1-'&. 4.0 -* :0-4. &% '*&'='&-.3 +>O,'(.3 L-% +:+(5+* ,+ %34+,&+ >+K. -*+
3%0='&-/>0% L-% 0%(.*.(%* 4%0B%(1+/%*1% 4%0. L-% *. 3% +10%=%* + 3+(-&'0M %,
%31+&. Q(+4'1+,'31+R 3% (.*B-*&% (.* ,+ K-31'('+ +>3.,-1+ %3 %, O*'(. 0%(-03. 4.3'>,%
(.*10+ %, (0'/%* E ,+ %<4,.1+(')*D 3' %, .>0%0. (.*3':-% ,,%:+0 5+31+ %, %31+&. 5+31+ 3-
4.,'(2+ E 3-3 (./'3'.*%3 '*=%31':+&.0+3 %316 3+,=+&. * (-+*1. + ,+ ':,%3'+ >+K. ,+
+4+0'%*('+ &% -* /.&%0*'3/. &% 4+(.1',,+ %3 +4%*+3 -*+ 4.1%*('+ /%&'+&.0+ %*10%
,+ /'3%0'+ (.*31'1-1'=+ &%, .>0%0. E %, 4.&%0 4+1%0*. &%, %31+&.@4+10)* '*+,/%*1%
+&%/63 %3% 4%L-%8. 40-0'1. &% K-31'('+ E &% (.*('%*('+ 3% +4,+(+ 064'&+/%*1% 3%
0%3-%,=% %* ,+ :0+* %31+>','&+& &% -* .0&%* >'%*5%(5.0 &.*&% ,.3 .>0%0.3 10+>+K+*
,.3 4+10.*.3 3% (0-7+* &% >0+7.3 E ,.3 3+(%0&.1%3 >%*&'(%* + -*.3 E + .10.3 %* 3-3
K-31+3 B-*('.*%3
, B'*+, 4.0 .10+ 4+01% 10+'('.*+ ,+ 4%,2(-,+ K-31+/%*1% + 10+=C3 &% ,. L-%
/-(5.3 (0%E%0.* (./. %, 3%,,. 40.:0%3'31+ &% Z+7+* * ,+ O,1'/+ 3%(-%*('+ 0+*&.
10+*3B.0/+&. %* -* (.00'%*1% E (.00%(1. .>0%0. 5+('%*&. -* %3B-%07. 3.>0%5-/+*.
,.:0+ 40%3%*1+03% +*1% %, 4+10)* L-% ,. %34%0+ ./. %31% 4+10)* %316 ='3'>,%/%*1%
(+0'(+1-0'7+&. 3% &'K. L-% Z+7+* 0'&'(-,'7+ 4C0B'&+/%*1% + ,.3 (+4'1+,'31+3
L-2 (./. %* *'*:-*+ 4+01% 3% &+ %, (+3. &% +4,'(+0 %, /C1.&. &%
&%3/'1'B'(+(')* 40.4-%31. 4.0 0%(51 E %<+/'*+0 ,+3 (.*3%(-%*('+3 &% ,+ +&5%3')*
L-% *.3 40.&-(% %, 4%03.*+K% 40'*('4+, &%3&% %, (./'%*7. &%, B',/ 3 %='&%*1% L-%
4+0+ *.3.10.3 0+*&. +4+0%(% (./. -* 5C0.% 4.3'1'=. +, L-% + 4%3+0 &% 3-3
&%B%(1.3 ,+ /-,1'1-& 3% -*% 3%*1'/%*1+,/%*1% &% +(-%0&. + %3% B%*)/%*. &%
4+01'('4+(')* +, /+0:%* &%, (-+, 4.0 ,. :%*%0+, *. 3% %*1'%*&% -* %34%(16(-,.
-+*&. %31% 5C0.% %*:0+*&%('&. 4.0 5+>%0 %*(.*10+&. 3- (.*('%*('+ E 3- =+,.0
5%0'&. (+3' 3'* B-%07+3 E 3'* %/>+0:. 1%*+7 3% &'0':% +, 4+10)* L-% ,% =.,=%06 + &+0
10+>+K. *-%310+ (./-*')* E+ *. (.*.(% ,2/'1%3 *.3 '&%*1'B'(+/.3 1.1+,/%*1% E 3'*
0%B,%<'.*+0 (.* %3% *-%=. 0'31. 4+01'('4+/.3 '*(.*1%*'>,%/%*1% &% 3- (+,=+0'.
%0. ,+ +3-*(')* &.,.0.3+ &% 0+*&. %* 0%+,'&+& (.*&-(% +, 0%(.*.('/'%*1. 4+3'=.
&%, %1%0*. 4+10)*D ,. L-% *.3 -*'B'(+ + 4%3+0 &% 1.&+3 ,+3 (+0'(+1-0+3 %3
: (.* 0+*&. (.* ,.3 %31'>+&.0%3 (.* 1.&.3 ,.3 .>0%0.3 &% 31+&.3 *'&.3 (.*
-* 3%*1'/'%*1. &% ='(1.0'+ E &% +,'='. *.3 =.,=%/.3 + 4.*%0 %* /+*.3 &%, 4+10)* E
E+ *. 3'0=% 4+0+ *+&+ 4'*1+0 3- +34%(1. &% 1+0+&.D 5+(% 1'%/4. L-% %31+/.3
+:+00+&.3 ,':+&.3 %* -*+ (./-*')* &% &%31'*. (.* %3% %31'>+&.0 L-% =-%,=% +
%*(.*10+0 %, 3%*1'&. &% ,+ K-31'('+ 3.('+, 3),. (./. 5./%*+K% E .B0%*&+ +, (+4'1+,
Roland Barthes Mitologías

*.01%+/%0'(+*.
./. 3% =% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 4+01'('4+1.0'+ &% ,+ %3(%*+ ,+ (.*31'1-E%
.>K%1'=+/%*1% %* -* %4'3.&'. &% /'31'B'(+(')* .*&'('.*+&.3 4+0+ +/+0 + 0+*&.
&%3&% %, 40'*('4'. *. 4.&%/.3 (0'1'(+0,. %* *'*:O* /./%*1. *' 3'L-'%0+ 1./+0
(.*('%*('+ &% 3- '/>%(','&+& .>K%1'=+ .*10+ %, 4%,':0. &% 1+,%3 /%(+*'3/.3
40%('3+/%*1% 0%(51 40.4-3. 3- /C1.&. &% &'31+*('+/'%*1. &%, 4+4%, 0%(51
5->'%0+ 4%&'&. + 0+*&. L-% 3- '*:%*-'&+& L-% *.3 5'('%0+ (./40%*&%0
L-% + 4%3+0 &% ,+ %*.0/% 3'/4+12+ L-% *.3 3-3('1+* 3-3 &%3&'(5+3 /63 '/4.01+*1% %3
=%0 ,+3 (+-3+3 E ,.3 0%/%&'.3 &% %31+3 &%3&'(5+3 .&02+/.3 0%3-/'0 %, %00.0 &%
Z+7+* 3%8+,+*&. L-% %0+ /%*.3 '/4.01+*1% %*K-'('+0 +, (+4'1+,'31+ L-% +, 40.4'.
0+*&. .0L-% 3% 4-%&% %34%0+0 /-(5. /63 &% ,+ 0%>%,')* &% ,+3 =2(1'/+3 L-% &% ,+
(+0'(+1-0+ &% 3-3 =%0&-:.3

# +

+ +0>. +O* 4%01%*%(% + %3% /./%*1. &%, ('*% %* L-% %, %*(+*1. &%, 0.310.
5-/+*. 4%01-0>+>+ %*.0/%/%*1% + ,+3 /-,1'1-&%3 (-+*&. -*. 3% 4%0&2+
,'1%0+,/%*1% %* -*+ '/+:%* 5-/+*+ (./. &%*10. &% -* B',10. (-+*&. %, 0.310.
(.*31'1-2+ -*+ 3-%01% &% %31+&. +>3.,-1. &% ,+ (+0*% L-% *. 3% 4.&2+ +,(+*7+0 *'
+>+*&.*+0 ,:-*.3 +8.3 +*1%3 %, 0.310. &% !+,%*1'*. 40.&-(2+ 3-'('&'.3M %, &% ,+
+0>. 4+01'('4+ 1.&+=2+ &%, /'3/. 0%'*. &% +/.0 (.01C3 %* L-% ,+ (+0*% &%3+00.,,+
3%*1'/'%*1.3 &% 4%0&'(')*
% 10+1+ 3'* &-&+ &% -* +&/'0+>,% 0.310.@.>K%1. * # * 4%,2(-,+
L-% 3% 5+ =-%,1. + =%0 &-0+*1% %31.3 +8.3 %* +023 %, /+L-',,+K% 1'%*% %, %34%3.0
*2=%. &% -*+ /63(+0+ *. %3 -* 0.310. 4'*1+&. 3'*. -* 0.310. %*E%3+&. &%B%*&'&.
4.0 ,+ 3-4%0B'('% &%, (.,.0 E *. 4.0 3-3 ,2*%+3M %* %3+ *'%=% + ,+ =%7 B06:', E (./4+(1+
,.3 .K.3 3.,.3 *%:0.3 (./. -*+ 4-,4+ (+40'(5.3+ E 4+0+ *+&+ %<40%3'=.3 3.* &.3
(+0&%*+,%3 -* 1+*1. 1%/>,.0.3.3
* 3- %*.0/% >%,,%7+ %3% 0.310. *. &'>-K+&. 3'*. /63 >'%* %3(-,4'&. %* ,+
,'3-0+ E ,. B06:', %3 &%('0 4%0B%(1. E %B2/%0. + ,+ =%7 '*(.04.0+ ,+ (+0+ 5+0'*.3+ &%
5+4,'* 3-3 .K.3 &% =%:%1+, 3./>02. 3- 0.310. &% 1)1%/
%0. ,+ 1%*1+(')* &% ,+ /63(+0+ 1.1+, Q,+ /63(+0+ +*1':-+ 4.0 %K%/4,.R 1+, =%7
'/4,'L-% /%*.3 %, 1%/+ &%, 3%(0%1. Q(+3. &% ,+3 3%/'/63(+0+3 '1+,'+*+3R L-% %, &% -*
+0L-%1'4. &%, 0.310. 5-/+*. + +0>. /.310+>+ -*+ %34%('% &% '&%+ 4,+1)*'(+ &% ,+
(0'+1-0+ E %31. %<4,'(+ L-% 3- 0.310. 3%+ (+3' +3%<-+&. 3'* L-% 4.0 %,,. 0%3-,1%
&-&.3. 3 ('%01. L-% ,+ 4%,2(-,+ Q+,1%0*+1'=+/%*1% ,+ 0%'*+ 0'31'*+ %3 /-K%0 E K.=%*
(+>+,,%0.R 3% 40%31+ + %3+ '*&'='3')* 4%0. +,,2 ,+ +0>. *. 0%+,'7+ *'*:-*+ +(1-+(')*
&% 10+=%31'D 3'%/40% %3 %,,+ /'3/+ -* B'*:'0 ,,%=+ >+K. 3- (.0.*+ . >+K. 3-3 :0+*&%3
3./>0%0.3 :+(5.3 %, /'3/. 0.310. &% *'%=% E 3.,%&+& 3 '*&-&+>,% L-% 3-
3.>0%*./>0% &% 8 +4-*1+>+ /%*.3 + 10+&-('0 -* %31+&. 3-4%0,+1'=. &% ,+
>%,,%7+ L-% + ,+ %3%*('+ &% 3- 4%03.*+ (.04.0+, &%3(%*&'&+ &% -* ('%,. &.*&% ,+3
(.3+3 3% (.*B.0/+* E +(+>+* (.* ,+ /+E.0 4-0%7+ ,,+ ,. 3+>2+M (-6*1+3 +(10'(%3 5+*
(.*3%*1'&. %* &%K+0 =%0 + ,+ /-,1'1-& ,+ '*L-'%1+*1% /+&-0%7 &% 3- >%,,%7+ ,,+ *.D
*. %0+ 4.3'>,% L-% ,+ %3%*('+ 3% &%:0+&+0+ 5+(2+ B+,1+ L-% 3- 0.310. *. 1-='%0+ K+/63
.10+ 0%+,'&+& L-% ,+ &% 3- 4%0B%((')* '*1%,%(1-+, /63 +O* L-% 4,631'(+ .(. + 4.(.
,+ 3%*('+ 3% 5+ .3(-0%('&. 3% 5+ (->'%01. 40.:0%3'=+/%*1% (.* +*1%.K.3 (+4%,,'*+3 E
%<','.3 4%0. K+/63 3% 5+ +,1%0+&.

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

'* %/>+0:. %* %3% 0.310. &%'B'(+&. 3% &'>-K+ +,:. /63 +:-&. L-% -*+
/63(+0+D -*+ 3-%01% &% 0%,+(')* =.,-*1+0'+ E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. 5-/+*+ %*10% ,+ (-0=+1-0+
&% ,+3 B.3+3 *+3+,%3 E %, +0(. (','+0 -*+ B-*(')* %<10+8+ '*&'='&-+, %*10% &.3 7.*+3
&% ,+ (+0+M ,+ /63(+0+ *. %3 /63 L-% -*+ +&'(')* &% ,2*%+3 %, 0.310. %3 +*1% 1.&. ,+
0%(.0&+(')* 1%/61'(+ &% -*+3 + .10+3 , 0.310. &% ,+ +0>. 0%40%3%*1+ %3% /./%*1.
'*%31+>,% %* L-% %, ('*% %<10+% -*+ >%,,%7+ %<'31%*('+, &% -*+ >%,,%7+ %3%*('+, (-+*&.
%, +0L-%1'4. =+ + '*B,%<'.*+03% 5+('+ ,+ B+3('*+(')* &% B':-0+3 4%0%(%&%0+3 (-+*&. ,+
(,+0'&+& &% ,+3 %3%*('+3 (+0*+,%3 =+ + &+0 ,-:+0 + -*+ ,20'(+ &% ,+ /-K%0
./. /./%*1. &% 10+*3'(')* %, 0.310. &% ,+ +0>. (.*(','+ &.3 %&+&%3
'(.*.:06B'(+3 +3%:-0+ %, 4+3. &%, 1%00.0 +, %*(+*1. ./. 3% 3+>% 5.E %31+/.3 %* %,
.10. 4.,. &% %31+ %=.,-(')*D %, 0.310. &% -&0%E %4>-0* 4.0 %K%/4,. %316
'*&'='&-+,'7+&. *. 3),. 4.0 3- 1%/61'(+ 4+01'(-,+0 Q/-K%0@*'8+ /-K%0@:+1+R 3'*.
1+/>'C* 4.0 3- 4%03.*+ 4.0 3- %34%('B'(+(')* 4.(. /%*.3 L-% O*'(+ &%, 0.310. L-%
E+ *. 1'%*% *+&+ &% %3%*('+, 3'*. L-% %316 (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 ,+ (./4,%K'&+& '*B'*'1+ &%
,+3 B-*('.*%3 /.0B.,):'(+3 ./. ,%*:-+K% ,+ 3'*:-,+0'&+& &% ,+ +0>. %0+ &% .0&%*
(.*(%41-+,M ,+ &% -&0%E %4>-0* %3 &% .0&%* 3-31+*('+, , 0.310. &% ,+ +0>. %3
'&%+ %, &% ,+ %4>-0* %3 +(.*1%('/'%*1.

% # $# "-

* ,+3 4%,2(-,+3 &% ,+ 3%0'% *%:0+ 3% 5+ ,,%:+&. + -*+ >-%*+ :%31-+,'&+& &% ,+
&%3%*=.,1-0+D /-8%(+3 &% >.(+ /-%,,% L-% ,+*7+* 3-3 +*',,.3 &% 5-/. >+K. %, +3+,1.
&% ,.3 5./>0%3 (5+3L-'&.3 &% &%&.3 .,2/4'(.3 4+0+ &+0 ,+ 3%8+, (,+0+ E
4+03'/.*'.3+ &% -*+ 06B+:+M 1%K'&. +4+('>,% &% ,+ %34.3+ &%, K%B% &% ,+ >+*&+ %*
/%&'. &% ,+3 3'1-+('.*%3 /63 +0&'%*1%3 9 E+ 5+>2+ '*31'1-('.*+,'7+&. %31%
:%31-+0'. &%, &%3+4%:. &6*&.,% ,+ :+0+*12+ &% -*+ (.1'&'+*'&+& +>3.,-1+/%*1%
B0+*(%3+
*1% 1.&. %, /-*&. &% ,.3 :6*:31%03 %3 -* /-*&. &% 3+*:0% B02+ %(5.3 (./.
,+ /-%01% &% -* 5./>0% L-% ,+ B',.3.B2+ (./O* 1.&+=2+ K-7:+ '/4.01+*1%3 3%
0%&-(%* + -* 10+7. 3% 40%3%*1+* (.* %, =.,-/%* &% -* 61./. &% :%31.D -*+ >0%=%
+,1%0+(')* %* %, &%34,+7+/'%*1. +4+('>,% &% ,+3 ,2*%+3 &.3 &%&.3 (5+3L-%+*1%3 E %* %,
.10. %<10%/. &%, (+/4. 4%0(%41'=. -* 5./>0% L-% (+% &%*10. &% ,+ /'3/+
(.*=%*(')* &% /.='/'%*1. 31% -*'=%03. &C ,+ ,'1.1% L-% 3'%/40% %316 (.*310-'&.
(./. -*+ '00'3')* 5%,+&+ &%, /%,.&0+/+ %3 1+/>'C* (./. 3% 3+>% %, O,1'/. -*'=%03.
&% ,. /+0+=',,.3. . %<':-. &%, :%31. &%('3'=. 4.3%% -*+ 10+&'(')* /'1.,):'(+ &%3&%
%, &% ,.3 &'.3%3 +*1':-.3 L-% (.* -* /.='/'%*1. &% (+>%7+ 5+(% 1+/>+,%+0 %,
&%31'*. &% ,.3 5./>0%3 5+31+ %, :.,4% &% =+0'1+ &%, 5+&+ . &%, 40%31'&':'1+&.0 3
'*&-&+>,% L-% %, +0/+ &% B-%:. 5+>2+ &'31+*('+&. ,+ /-%01% 4%0. &% -*+ /+*%0+ 1+*
='3'>,%/%*1% 0+('.*+, L-% B-% *%(%3+0'. 0%B'*+0 %, :%31. 4+0+ /+*'B%31+0 &% *-%=. ,+
40%3%*('+ &%, &%31'*.M %* %,,. 0%3'&% 40%('3+/%*1% ,+ &%3%*=.,1-0+ &% *-%310.3
:6*:31%03D %* %, 0%3'&-. &% -* /.='/'%*1. 106:'(. L-% (.*3':-% (.*B-*&'0 %, :%31. E
%, +(1. %* %, =.,-/%* /63 '*3':*'B'(+*1%
*3'31'0C -*+ =%7 /63 %* ,+ 40%('3')* 3%/6*1'(+ &% %3% /-*&. %* ,+ %310-(1-0+
'*1%,%(1-+, QE *. 3.,+/%*1% %/.1'=+R &%, %34%(16(-,. + %<10+((')* >0-3(+ &%, (.,1
B-%0+ &% ,+ 0.4+ %* -*+ 4+06>.,+ '/4%(+>,% *. $ %* /.&. +,:-*. ,+ /-%01%
4-%3 &%3&% 5+(% /-(5. 1'%/4. %, -3. '*&'(+ L-% 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ 3'/4,% +/%*+7+
(-E. %B%(1. 4-%&% 3%0 0%=%01'&. /',+:0.3+/%*1%D ,+ %/%0:%*('+ &%, 0%=),=%0 *. 1'%*%
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%* %31% (+3. -* =+,.0 106:'(. 3'*. O*'(+/%*1% (.:*'1'=.M 3':*'B'(+ ,+ +4+0'(')* &% -*+
*-%=+ 4%0'4%('+ %, :%31. %3 +0:-/%*1+1'=. E *. (.*(0%1+/%*1% +1%00+&.0M
(.00%34.*&% + -*+ &%1%0/'*+&+ '*B,%<')* &%, 0+7.*+/'%*1. %* -*+ 4'%7+ &%
+0'=+-<D ,+ 3'1-+(')* 3% 0%='%01% ,. L-% 5+>2+ 3'&. .>K%1. &% (.*L-'31+ 3% 4'%0&% &%
:.,4% , >+,,%1 &% ,.3 0%=),=%0%3 5+(% /63 ,6>', +, 1'%/4. &'34.*'%*&. 0%:0%3.3 +
(%0. &%*10. &%, '1'*%0+0'. &%, 0%,+1. 3+,1.3 0%:0%3'=.3 +*6,.:.3 + ,.3 &%, K-%:. &% ,+
(+ , (.,1 %3 ,%*:-+K% 3- B-*(')* (.*3'31% %* /+*1%*%0 ,+ 40%3')* &% ,+ ='&+ %*
%,-&'0 %, ('%00% &%, 1'%/4.M %3 E *. 1
, :%31. &%3%*=-%,1. &%, :6*:31%0 4.0 ,. (.*10+0'. 1'%*% 1.&. %, 4.&%0
(.*(%01+&. &% -*+ &%1%*(')*M 3'* 2/4%1- 064'&. %* ,+ >O3L-%&+ '*B+,'>,% &% 3- 4-*1.
1%0/'*+, (.01+ %, 1'%/4. E 1-0>+ + ,+ 0%1)0'(+ .&+ &%3%*=.,1-0+ +B'0/+ L-% 3),. %,
3',%*('. %3 %B'(+7D 1%K%0 B-/+0 ,%=+*1+0 %, &%&. 3.* .4%0+('.*%3 L-% '/4.*%* ,+ '&%+
&% L-% ,+ +-1C*1'(+ ='&+ %316 %* %, 3',%*('. E L-% %, +(1. 1'%*% &%0%(5. &% ='&+ . &%
/-%01% 3.>0% %, 1'%/4. , %34%(1+&.0 4.3%% +32 ,+ ',-3')* &% -* /-*&. 3%:-0. L-% 3%
/.&'B'(+ 3),. >+K. ,+ 40%3')* &% ,.3 +(1.3 E K+/63 >+K. ,+ 40%3')* &% ,+3 4+,+>0+3 ' %,
:6*:31%0 5+>,+ 5+>,+ %* '/6:%*%3 4+0+ C, %, ,%*:-+K% *. %3 /63 L-% 4.%32+ %* C, ,+
4+,+>0+ *. 1'%*% *'*:-*+ B-*(')* &%/'O0:'(+D 5+>,+0 %3 -*+ /+*%0+ &% %31+0 .('.3. E
&% /.310+0 %3% .('. <'31% -* -*'=%03. %3%*('+, %, &% ,.3 :%31.3 >'%* +(%'1+&.3
3'%/40% &%1%*'&.3 %* -* 4-*1. 40%('3. E 40%='31. %34%('% &% 3-/+ &% ,+ %B'(+('+
4-0+M ,-%:. 4.0 %*('/+ +,:-*.3 B%31.*%3 &% ,-*B+0&. L-% 3.* (./. %, ,-K. '*O1', QE
4.0 %*&% +0'31.(061'(.R &% -*+ %(.*./2+ &.*&% %, O*'(. =+,.0 &% (+/>'. ,.
(.*31'1-E% %, :%31.
%0. 4+0+ L-% %3% :%31. 3':*'B'L-% L-% 3% (.*B-*&% (.* %, +(1. &%>% ,'/+0 1.&.
C*B+3'3 /'*'/'7+03% 5+31+ %, -/>0+, 4%0(%41'=. &% 3- %<'31%*('+M *. &%>% 1%*%0 /63
L-% %, %34%3.0 &% -* =2*(-,. %*10% ,+ (+-3+ E %, %B%(1.D ,+ &%3%*=.,1-0+ %3 %* %31% (+3.
%, 3':*. /63 +31-1. &% ,+ %B'(+('+M (+&+ (-+, =-%,=% + %*(.*10+0 %* C, ,+ '&%+,'&+& &%
-* /-*&. + /%0(%& &%, 4-0. :%31-+0'. 5-/+*. &.*&% ,+3 (./4,'(+('.*%3 &%,
,%*:-+K% *. &%1%*&02+* 3- /+0(5+D ,.3 :6*:31%03 E ,.3 &'.3%3 *. 5+>,+* /-%=%* ,+
(+>%7+ E 1.&. 3% (-/4,%

-" $

+ *+(')* B0+*(%3+ 3'%*1% +, ='*. (./. +,:. 40.4'. &%, /'3/. /.&. L-% 3-3
10%3('%*1+3 3%3%*1+ %34%('%3 &% L-%3.3 E 3- (-,1-0+ 3 -*+ >%>'&+ 1)1%/ L-%
(.00%34.*&% + ,+ ,%(5% &% ,+ =+(+ 5.,+*&%3+ . +, 1C +>3.0>'&. (%0%/.*'.3+/%*1% 4.0
,+ B+/','+ 0%+, '*:,%3+ +(5%,+0& E+ %<4-3. %, 43'(.+*6,'3'3 3-31+*('+, &% %31% ,2L-'&.
+, B'*+, &% 3- %*3+E. 3.>0% ,+3 %*3.8+('.*%3 &% ,+ =.,-*1+& /.310+*&. L-% %, ='*. %3
K-:. &% 3., E &% 1'%00+ L-% 3- %31+&. &% >+3% *. %3 ,. 5O/%&. 3'*. ,. 3%(. E L-% %*
%3% 3%*1'&. 3- 3-31+*('+ /21'(+ (.*10+0'+ %3 %, +:-+
./. 1.&. 1)1%/ ='=+7 %, ='*. 3.4.01+ -*+ /'1.,.:2+ =+0'+&+ L-% *. 3%
4%01-0>+ (.* (.*10+&'(('.*%3 .0 %K%/4,. %31+ 3-31+*('+ :+,=6*'(+ 3'%/40% %3
(.*3'&%0+&+ (./. %, /63 %B'(+7 &% ,.3 %,%/%*1.3 4+0+ +4+:+0 ,+ 3%& . +, /%*.3 ,+ 3%&
3'0=% &% 40'/%0+ (.+01+&+ 4+0+ (.*3-/'0,. QN5+E 3%&NR +K. 3- B.0/+ 0.K+ 1'%*% (./.
5'4)31+3'3 /-E +*1':-+ + ,+ 3+*:0% +, ,2L-'&. &%*3. E ='1+, % 5%(5. 3- B.0/+
5-/.0+, *. '*1%0%3+ /-(5.D %3 +*1% 1.&. -*+ 3-31+*('+ &% (.*=%03')* (+4+7 &%
(+/>'+0 ,+3 3'1-+('.*%3 E ,.3 %31+&.3 E &% %<10+%0 &% ,.3 .>K%1.3 3- (.*10+0'. &%
5+(%0 4.0 %K%/4,. &% -* &C>', -* B-%01% &% -* 3',%*('.3. -* 4+0,+*(52*M &% +,,2
Roland Barthes Mitologías

40.='%*% 3- ='%K+ 5%0%*('+ +,L-2/'(+ 3- 4.&%0 B',.3)B'(. &% 10+3/-1+0 . &% (0%+0 1

./. %3 4.0 %3%*('+ -*+ B-*(')* (-E.3 1C0/'*.3 4-%&%* (+/>'+0 %, ='*.
&%1%*1+ 4.&%0%3 +4+0%*1%/%*1% 4,631'(.3D 4-%&% 3%0='0 &% (.+01+&+ 1+*1. +, %*3-%8.
(./. + ,+ 0%+,'&+& &%4%*&% &% ,.3 -3-+0'.3 &%, /'1. +0+ %, 10+>+K+&.0 %, ='*. 3%06
(+4+('1+(')* B+(','&+& &%/'O0:'(+ &% ,+ 1+0%+ QN+,/+ %* %, 10+>+K.NR +0+ %,
'*1%,%(1-+, 1%*&06 X+ B-*(')* '*=%03+D %, N='*'1. >,+*(.N . %, N>%+-K.,+'3N &%, %3(0'1.0 3%
%*(+0:+06* &% 3%:0%:+0,.3 &%, /-*&. &%/+3'+&. *+1-0+, &% ,.3 ()(1%,%3 E &% ,+3
>%>'&+3 (.31.3+3 Q,+3 O*'(+3 L-% %, %3*.>'3/. 3% 4%0/'1% .B0%(%0,%R M %, ='*. ,. ,'>0+06
&% ,.3 /'1.3 ,. 3-310+%06 + 3- '*1%,%(1-+,'&+& ,. ':-+,+06 +, 40.,%1+0'.M + 10+=C3 &%,
='*. %, '*1%,%(1-+, 3% +40.<'/+ + -*+ ='0','&+& *+1-0+, E 4.0 %3% (+/'*. '/+:'*+
%3(+4+0 &% ,+ /+,&'(')* L-% -* 3':,. E /%&'. &% 0./+*1'('3/. (.*1'*O+ 5+('%*&.
4%3+0 3.>0% ,+ (%0%>0+,'&+& 4-0+ Q3% 3+>% L-% -*. &% ,.3 /'1.3 40.4'.3 &%, '*1%,%(1-+,
/.&%0*. %3 ,+ .>3%3')* &% N1%*%0NR
%0. ,+ 4+01'(-,+0'&+& &% 0+*('+ (.*3'31% %* L-% +L-2 %, 4.&%0 &% (.*=%03')*
&%, ='*. K+/63 3% (.*3'&%0+ +>'%01+/%*1% (./. -* B'*D .10.3 4+23%3 >%>%* 4+0+
%/>.00+(5+03% E 1.&.3 ,. &'(%*M %* 0+*('+ ,+ %>0'%&+& %3 (.*3%(-%*('+ 4%0. *-*(+
B'*+,'&+&M 3% 3'%*1% + ,+ >%>'&+ (./. ,+ .31%*1+(')* &% -* 4,+(%0 E *. (./. ,+ (+-3+
*%(%3+0'+ &% -* %B%(1. >-3(+&.D %, ='*. *. 3),. %3 B',10. 1+/>'C* %3 +(1. &-0+&%0. &%
>%>%0M %, 1'%*% +L-2 -* =+,.0 &%(.0+1'=. E %, 4.&%0 &%, ='*. K+/63 %316 3%4+0+&.
&% 3-3 /.&.3 &% %<'31%*('+ Q(.*10+0'+/%*1% +, \5'3[E 4.0 %K%/4,. L-% 3% >%>%
4.0L-% 3- >.00+(5%0+ %3 N/63 +:0+&+>,% &% 3%(-%,+3 /%*.3 4%*.3+3N L-% 3% +4-0+
3% 0%4'1% E >%>%0,. 3% 0%&-(% + -* +(1.@(+-3+R
.&. %31. %3 (.*.('&.M 3% &'(% /', =%(%3 %* %, B.,[,.0% %* ,.3 40.=%0>'.3 ,+3
(.*=%03+('.*%3 E ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ %0. %31+ /'3/+ -*'=%03+,'&+& 3-4.*% (.*B.0/'3/. D
(0%%0 %* %, ='*. %3 -* +(1. &% (./4-,3')* (.,%(1'=+D %, B0+*(C3 L-% 1./+0+ &'31+*('+
&%, /'1. 3% %<4.*&02+ + 40.>,%/+3 *. :0+=%3 4%0. 32 40%('3.3 &% '*1%:0+(')*M %,
40'/%0. &% %,,.3 (.*3'31'02+ K-31+/%*1% %* 1%*%0 L-% &+0 %<4,'(+('.*%3 * %31. %,
40'*('4'. &% -*'=%03+,'&+& 3% /-%310+ %* 4,%*'1-& %* %, 3%*1'&. &% L-% 3.('%&+&
&%3':*+ (./. %*B%0/. &%B%(1-.3. . ='('.3. + (-+,L-'%0+ L-% *. (0%+ %* %, ='*.D *.
,. Q%* ,.3 &.3 3%*1'&.3 '*1%,%(1-+, E %34+('+, &%, 1C0/'*.R .0 (.*10+4+01%
%, L-% 0%+,'7+ ,+ 406(1'(+ &%, ='*. .>1'%*% -* &'4,./+ &% >-%*+ '*1%:0+(')*D
>%>%0 %3 -*+ 1C(*'(+ *+('.*+, L-% 3'0=% 4+0+ (+,'B'(+0 +, B0+*(C3 4+0+ 40.>+0
3'/-,16*%+/%*1% 3- 4.&%0 &% +(1-+(')* 3- (.*10., E 3- 3.('+>','&+& % %31+
/+*%0+ %, ='*. B-*&+ -*+ /.0+, (.,%(1'=+ %* (-E. '*1%0'.0 1.&. 3% 0%3(+1+D ,.3
%<(%3.3 ,+3 &%3&'(5+3 ,.3 (02/%*%3 3.* 3'* &-&+ 4.3'>,%3 (.* %, ='*. 4%0. &%
*'*:O* /.&. ,+ /+,&+& ,+ 4%0B'&'+ . ,+ B%+,&+&M %, /+, L-% 4-%&% %*:%*&0+0 %*10+
%* %, &% ,+ B+1+,'&+& E %3(+4+ 4.0 ,. 1+*1. +, (+31':.M (.*31'1-E% -* /+, &% 1%+10. *.
-* /+, &% 1%/4%0+/%*1.
, ='*. %316 3.('+,'7+&. 4.0L-% *. 3),. B-*&+ -*+ /.0+, 3'*. 1+/>'C* -*
&%(.0+&.M +&.0*+ ,.3 4%L-%8.3 (%0%/.*'+,%3 &% ,+ ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ B0+*(%3+ &%3&% %,
>.(+&. Q%, 1'*1. %34%3. %, (+/%/>%01R 5+31+ %, B%312* &%3&% ,+ (.*=%03+(')* &% (+BC
5+31+ %, &'3(-03. &% >+*L-%1% <+,1+ (-+,L-'%0 1'4. &% (,'/+D (.* %, B02. 3% +3.('+ +
1.&.3 ,.3 /'1.3 &%, (+,%*1+/'%*1.M E (.* ,+ (+*2(-,+ + 1.&+3 ,+3 '/6:%*%3 &% ,+
3./>0+ &% ,. B0%3(. E &% ,. %<('1+*1% . %<'31% 3'1-+(')* &% &'B'(-,1+& B23'(+
Q1%/4%0+1-0+ 5+/>0% +>-00'/'%*1. 3%0='&-/>0% %<10+8+/'%*1.R L-% *. 5+:+
3.8+0 (.* %, ='*. ./>'*+&. (./. 3-31+*('+ &% >+3% (.* .10+3 B':-0+3 +,'/%*1'('+3
4-%&% (->0'0 1.&.3 ,.3 %34+('.3 E 1.&.3 ,.3 1'%/4.3 &%, B0+*(C3 -+*&. ,,%:+ +
Roland Barthes Mitologías

(.*31'1-'0 -* &%1+,,% &% ,+ (.1'&'+*%'&+& ,+ +-3%*('+ &% ='*. (.*/-%=% (./. -*

%<.1'3/.D .1E +, 40'*('4'. &% 3- 3%41%*'. 3% &%K) B.1.:0+B'+0 +*1% -*+ /%3+ 2*1'/+
&.*&% ,+ >.1%,,+ &% -/%3*', 4+0%(2+ 0%/4,+7+0 +, ,'10. &% 1'*1.M ,+ *+(')* %*1%0+ 3%
(.*=-,3'.*) 0+ 1+* '*1.,%0+>,% (./. -* 0%E 3.,1%0. *10% *.3.10.3 %, ='*. B.0/+
4+01% &% ,+ 0+7)* &% %31+&.
'* &-&+ +(5%,+0& 1%*2+ 0+7)* +, 3'1-+0 +, +:-+ (./. ,. (.*10+0'. &%, ='*.D
/21'(+/%0'1% %3 =%0&+&M 3.('.,):'(+/%*1% 4.0 ,. /%*.3 5.E *. ,. %3 1+*1.M
('0(-*31+*('+3 %(.*)/'(+3 . 5'31)0'(+3 5+* +&K-&'(+&. %3% 4+4%, + ,+ ,%(5% + ,%(5%
+5.0+ %3 %, =%0&+&%0. +*1'='*.D E *. 3),. (./. (.*3%(-%*('+ &% ,+3 '*'('+1'=+3 &%
%*&C3@ 0+*(% Q(.* +34%(1. =.,-*1+0'+/%*1% /'1.,):'(.D ,%(5% >%>'&+ %* ,+ 10'>-*+
(./. ,+ &% .4%E%R 3'*. 1+/>'C* 4.0L-% %* ,+ +/4,'+ /.0B.,.:2+ &% ,+3
3-31+*('+3 ,+ ,%(5% %3 (.*10+0'+ +, B-%:. 4.0 3- &%*3'&+& /.,%(-,+0 4.0 ,+ *+1-0+,%7+
(0%/.3+ &% 3- 3-4%0B'('%M %, ='*. %3 /-1',+*1% L-'0O0:'(.D 10+3/-1+ E %*:%*&0+M ,+
,%(5% %3 (.3/C1'(+D ,':+ 0%(->0% 0%31+-0+ &%/63 3- 4-0%7+ +3.('+&+ + ,+ '*.(%*('+
'*B+*1', %3 -*+ /-%310+ &% B-%07+ &% -*+ B-%07+ *. 0%=-,3'=+ *. (.*:%31'=+ 3'*.
(+,/+ >,+*(+ ,O('&+ 1.1+,/%*1% ':-+, + ,. 0%+, ,:-*+3 4%,2(-,+3 *.01%+/%0'(+*+3
%* L-% %, 5C0.% &-0. E +3(C1'(. *. 3%*12+ 0%4-:*+*('+ +*1% -* =+3. &% ,%(5% +*1%3 &%
3+(+0 3- (.,1 K-31'('%0. 40%4+0+0.* ,+ B.0/+(')* &%, *-%=. /'1. 4+03'B+,'+*.D +O*
5.E %* /%&'.3 &% &-0.3 E :-+4.3 3% >%>% %* +023 -*+ %<10+8+ ,%(5%@:0+*+&'*+ L-%
='%*% &% .01%+/C0'(+ %0. ,+ ,%(5% 3':-% 3'%*&. -*+ 3-31+*('+ %<)1'(+M ,. *+('.*+,
%3 %, ='*.
+ /'1.,.:2+ &%, ='*. 4-%&% 5+(%0*.3 (./40%*&%0 4.0 .10+ 4+01% ,+
+/>':V%&+& &% *-%310+ ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ .0L-% %3 ('%01. L-% %, ='*. %3 -*+ 3-31+*('+
5%0/.3+ E >-%*+ 4%0. *. %3 /%*.3 ('%01. L-% 3- 40.&-((')* 4+01'('4+ 3),'&+/%*1%
&%, (+4'1+,'3/. B0+*(C3 E+ 3%+ %, &% ,.3 >.&%:-%0.3 . %, &% ,.3 :0+*&%3 (.,.*.3
+0:%,'*.3 L-% '/4.*%* +, /-3-,/6* L-% *. 1'%*% 4+* 4+0+ (./%0 -*+ (-,1-0+
%<10+8+ %* ,+ /'3/+ 1'%00+ &% ,+ L-% 3% ,. 5+ &%34.3%2&. <'31%* &% %31+ /+*%0+
/'1.3 /-E 3'/461'(.3 4%0. *. 1+* '*.(%*1%3 ,. (+0+(1%0231'(. &% *-%310+ +,'%*+(')*
40%3%*1% %3 L-% %, ='*. K-31+/%*1% *. 4-%&+ 3%0 -*+ 3-31+*('+ 1.1+,/%*1% B%,'7
3+,=. L-% -*. '*&%>'&+/%*1% .,='&% L-% C, 1+/>'C* %3 40.&-(1. &% -*+
%<40.4'+(')*

+ $ % % /

, >'31%( 4+01'('4+ &% ,+ /'3/+ /'1.,.:2+ 3+*:-2*%+ L-% %, ='*. 3 %, (.0+7)*

&% ,+ (+0*% ,+ (+0*% %* %31+&. 4-0. E L-'%* ,. '*:'%0% +3'/',+ ,+ B-%07+ 1+-0'*+ 3
%='&%*1% L-% %, 40%31':'. &%, >'31%( 3% ='*(-,+ (.* 3- (-+3'@(0-&%7D %* C, ,+ 3+*:0% %3
='3'>,% *+1-0+, (./4+(1+ E (.01+>,%M -*. 4-%&% '/+:'*+0 4%0B%(1+/%*1% ,+ +/>0.32+
+*1':-+ %* %31+ %34%('% &% /+1%0'+ 4%3+&+ L-% 3% +(5'(+ >+K. %, &'%*1% &% 1+, /+*%0+
L-% 4%0/'1% 3%*1'0 +, /'3/. 1'%/4. 3- B-%07+ &% .0':%* E 3- 4,+31'('&+& 4+0+
%<4+*&'03% 4.0 ,+ 3+*:0% &%, 5./>0% + 0+7)* &% 3%0 &%, >'31%( %3 ,. 3+*:-2*%.D ,.3
:0+&.3 &% 3- (.((')* *. 3% %<40%3+* %* -*'&+&%3 (+,)0'(+3 3'*. %* '/6:%*%3 &%
3+*:0%M %, >'31%( %3 QL-% 0%(-%0&+ %, B,-K. +01%0'+, &%, +*'/+, &%:.,,+&.R .
& Q,+ 3+*:0% 4%3+&+ ,+ 3+*:0% 4'(1)0'(+ &% ,+3 =%*+3 L-% 3-:'%0% %, ='.,6(%. %31+&.

W= Q,'1%0+,/%*1% 3+*:0+*1%R (.00%34.*&% +40.<'/+&+/%*1% %* (+31%,,+*. + , : 4+0+ %, (+3.

&% Q,'1%0+,/%*1% +7-,R *. %<'31% (.00%34.*&%*('+ %<+(1+ G H
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3-4%0,+1'=. &%, 0.K.R + (.((')* '*(,-3'=% /.&%0+&+ *. 4-%&% %<40%3+03%

B0+*(+/%*1%M 4+0+ %3% %31+&. (.*10+ *+1-0+ 5+(% B+,1+ -* %-B%/'3/.D 3% &'(% L-% %316
4%0. %* 0%+,'&+& 3% &+ /63 (./. -* ,2/'1% L-% (./. -*+ 4%0B%((')*
./%0 %, >'31%( 0%40%3%*1+ + ,+ =%7 -*+ *+1-0+,%7+ E -*+ /.0+, .&.3
,.3 1%/4%0+/%*1.3 ,% 3.* +&%(-+&.3 ,.3 3+*:-2*%.3 4.0 '&%*1'&+& ,.3 *%0='.3.3 E
,.3 ,'*B61'(.3 4.0 (./4,%/%*1. +32 (./. %, ='*. 3% (.*='%01% 4+0+ >-%* *O/%0. &%
'*1%,%(1-+,%3 %* -*+ 3-31+*('+ /%&'O/*'(+ L-% ,.3 (.*&-(% 5+('+ ,+ B-%07+ .0':'*+,
&% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %, >'31%( %3 4+0+ %,,.3 -* +,'/%*1. &% 0%(-4%0+(')* :0+('+3 +, (-+,
=-%,=%* 40.3+'(+ 3- (%0%>0+,'&+& E (.*K-0+* 4.0 /%&'. &% ,+ 3+*:0% E ,+ 4-,4+
>,+*&+ ,+ %31C0', 3%L-%&+& &% L-% 3'%/40% 3% ,%3 +(-3+ + /.&+ &%, >'31%( 1601+0.
4.0 %K%/4,. %3 -*+ .4%0+(')* &% %<.0('3/. (.*10+ ,+ +3.('+(')* 0./6*1'(+ &% ,+
3%*3'>','&+& E ,+ &%>','&+& B23'(+M %* %31+ 40%4+0+(')* 3% %*(-%*10+* 1.&.3 ,.3 %31+&.3
:%0/'*+*1%3 &% ,+ /+1%0'+D %, 4-0C 3+*:-2*%. E ,. +,>-/'*.3. &%, 5-%=. 1.&. -*
(.*('%01. &% 3-31+*('+3 >,+*&+3 E ='=+3 -*+ 3-%01% &% (./4%*&'. 3':*'B'(+1'=. &% ,+3
'/6:%*%3 &%, 40%4+01.
./. %, ='*. %, >'31%( %* 0+*('+ %3 %, %,%/%*1. &% >+3% /63 *+('.*+,'7+&.
L-% 3.('+,'7+&.M B':-0+ %* 1.&.3 ,.3 &%(.0+&.3 &% ,+ ='&+ +,'/%*1'('+D (5+1. &%
>.0&%3 +/+0',,%*1.3 E 3-%,.'&% %* ,.3 0%31+-0+*1%3 >+0+1.3M %34%3. K-:.3. %* ,+3
(+*1'*+3 %34%('+,'7+&+3M (O>'(. %, (.0+7)* 5O/%&. >+K. -*+ ,%=% (.310+ (+0>.*'7+&+
%* ,+ +,1+ (.('*+M 4+01'('4+ &% 1.&.3 ,.3 0'1/.3 &% ,+ (.*B.01+>,% (./'&+ >-0:-%3+ E
&%, >.(+&. >.5%/'. &%, 3.,1%0.M %3 %, +,'/%*1. + ,+ =%7 %<4%&'1'=. E &%*3. 0%+,'7+ ,+
/%K.0 0%,+(')* 4.3'>,% %*10% ,+ %(.*./2+ E ,+ %B'(+('+ %*10% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ E ,+
4,+31'('&+& &% 3- (.*3-/.
&%/63 %3 -* >'%* B0+*(C3 Q+-*L-% +(1-+,/%*1% ,'/'1+&. 4.0 ,+ '*=+3')* &% ,.3
31%+[3 *.01%+/%0'(+*.3R ./. %* %, (+3. &%, ='*. *. %<'31% ,'/'1+(')* +,'/%*1'('+
L-% *. 5+:+ 3.8+0 +, B0+*(C3 (.* %, >'31%( ' >'%* ,,%:+ %, %<10+*K%0. 3% &%(,+0+ 3-
*.31+,:'+M %, >'31%( %316 +,,2 +&.0*+&. 4.0 -*+ ='01-& 3-4,%/%*1+0'+ &% %,%:+*('+
4-%3 &%*10. &% ,+ (./4,'(+(')* +4+0%*1% &% ,+3 (.('*+3 %<)1'(+3 %3 -* +,'/%*1. L-%
-*% ,+ 3-(-,%*('+ + ,+ 3'/4,'('&+& +('.*+, 3':-% ,+ (.1'7+(')* &% ,.3 =+,.0%3
4+10')1'(.3D ,.3 0%B,.1+ %* 1'%/4. &% :-%00+ %3 ,+ (+0*% /'3/+ &%, (./>+1'%*1%
B0+*(C3 %, >'%* '*+,'%*+>,% L-% 3),. 4.0 10+&'(')* 4-%&% 4+3+03% +, %*%/':. * -*
B',/ +*1':-. 08 1 ' > ? 2 ,+ /-(+/+ &%, (-0+ 4+10'.1+
.B0%(% &% (./%0 +, %342+ +,%/6* &'3B0+7+&. &% B0+*(C3 (,+*&%31'*.D NX 5 %3 -31%&
+-0%*1Y !.E + &+0,% /' >'31%( N ,-%:. (-+*&. %, %342+ %3 &%3%*/+3(+0+&.
%<(,+/+D NX E. L-% ,% 5% &+&. /' >'31%(YN -40%/. +>-3. &% (.*B'+*7+
3.('+&. (./O*/%*1% + ,+3 4+4+3 B0'1+3 %, >'31%( ,%3 10+3/'1% 3- ,-310%
*+('.*+,D ,+ 4+4+ B0'1+ %3 *.316,:'(+ E 4+10'.1+ (./. %, >'31%( *.3 '*B.0/) L-%
&%34-C3 &%, +0/'31'('. '*&.(5'*. N%, :%*%0+, &% +310'%3 4'&') 4+4+3 B0'1+3 4+0+ 3-
40'/%0+ (./'&+N %, 40%3'&%*1% &% ,.3 %< (./>+1'%*1%3 &% *&.(5'*+ (./%*1+*&.
/63 1+0&% %31+ '*B.0/+(')* +8+&2+D I . 3'%/40% 3% (./40%*&') %, :%31. &%, :%*%0+,
&% +310'%3 (-+*&. 4%&2+ 4+4+3 B0'1+3 4+0+ 3- 40'/%0+ (./'&+ N % 4%&2+ L-%
(./40%*&'C0+/.3 L-% %, 4%&'&. &%, :%*%0+, *. %0+ -* =-,:+0 0%B,%K. /+1%0'+,'31+
3'*. -* %4'3.&'. 0'1-+, &% +40.4'+(')* &% ,+ %1*'+ 0%%*(.*10+&+ , :%*%0+, (.*.(2+
>'%* *-%310+ 3'/>.,.:2+ *+('.*+, 3+>2+ L-% ,+ 4+4+ B0'1+ %3 %, 3':*. +,'/%*1+0'. &% ,+
NB0+*(%3'&+&N

" $ + +
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+ .>0+ &% J-,'. !%0*% Q(-E. ('*(-%*1%*+0'. 3% 5+ (%,%>0+&. 0%('%*1%/%*1%R

3%02+ >-%* .>K%1. 4+0+ -*+ (021'(+ &% %310-(1-0+ % 10+1+ &% -*+ .>0+ (.* 1%/+3M
!%0*% (.*310-E) -*+ 3-%01% &% (.3/.:.*2+ (%00+&+ 3.>0% 32 /'3/+ L-% 4.3%% 3-3
40.4'+3 (+1%:.02+3 3- 1'%/4. 3- %34+('. 3- 4,%*'1-& % '*(,-3'=% 3- 40'*('4'.
%<'31%*('+,
31% 40'*('4'. (0%. L-% 3% %*(-%*10+ %* %, :%31. (.*1'*-. &%, %*(%00+/'%*1. +
'/+:'*+(')* &%, ='+K% (.00%34.*&% %* !%0*% + -*+ %<4,.0+(')* &% ,. (%00+&.M ,+
(.'*('&%*('+ &% !%0*% (.* ,+ '*B+*('+ *. 40.='%*% &% -*+ /231'(+ >+*+, 4.0 ,+
+=%*1-0+ 3'*. &% -*+ B%,'('&+& (./O* 4.0 ,. B'*'1. L-% 4-%&% %*(.*10+03% %* ,+
4+3')* '*B+*1', 4.0 ,+3 (+>+8+3 E ,+3 1'%*&+3 &% (+/4+8+D %, 3-%8. %<'31%*('+, &% ,+
'*B+*('+ E &% !%0*% (.*3'31% %* +/-0+,,+03% % '*31+,+03% , +0L-%1'4. &% %31% 3-%8. %3
%3+ *.=%,+ (+3' 4%0B%(1+ # &.*&% %, 5./>0%@*'8. 0%'*=%*1+ %, /-*&.
,. ,,%*+ ,. (%0(+ 3% %*('%00+ &%*10. &% C, E (.0.*+ %31% %3B-%07. %*('(,.4C&'(. (.* ,+
4.31-0+ >-0:-%3+ &% ,+ +40.4'+(')*D 4+*1-B,+3 4'4+3 E -* 0'*()* &%, 5.:+0 /'%*10+3
+B-%0+ ,+ 1.0/%*1+ %3 &%('0 %, '*B'*'1. 3% %*B-0%(% '*O1',/%*1%
!%0*% B-% -* /+*'+(. &% ,+ 4,%*'1-&D *. (%3+>+ &% %31+>,%(%0 ,2/'1%3 +, /-*&.
E &% +/-%>,+0,. &% ,,%*+0,. (./. 3' B-%0+ -* 5-%=.M 3- /.='/'%*1. %3 %<+(1+/%*1%
':-+, +, &% -* %*('(,.4%&'31+ &%, 3':,. ! . &% -* 4'*1.0 5.,+*&C3D %, /-*&. %3
B'*'1. %, /-*&. %316 ,,%*. &% /+1%0'+,%3 *-/%0+>,%3 E (.*1':-.3 + O*'(+ 1+0%+ &%,
+01'31+ %3 5+(%0 (+16,.:.3 '*=%*1+0'.3 4%03%:-'0 0'*(.*('1.3 =+(2.3 4+0+ 5+(%0 +52 %*
+40%1+&+3 ,2*%+3 ,+3 (0%+('.*%3 E ,.3 '*310-/%*1.3 5-/+*.3 !%0*% 4%01%*%(% + ,+
40.:%*'% &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ 40.:0%3'31+D 3- .>0+ &%31+(+ L-% *+&+ 4-%&% %3(+4+0 +,
5./>0% L-% %, /-*&. 5+31+ %, /63 ,%K+*. %3 (./. -* .>K%1. %* 3- /+*. E L-% ,+
40.4'%&+& +, B'* E +, (+>. %3 3),. -* /./%*1. &'+,C(1'(. %* %, &./'*'. :%*%0+, &% ,+
*+1-0+,%7+ !%0*% &% *'*:-*+ /+*%0+ >-3(+>+ %*3+*(5+0 %, /-*&. 4.0 ,.3 (+/'*.3
&% ,+ %=+3')* 0./6*1'(+ . ,.3 4,+*%3 /231'(.3 &% '*B'*'1. -3(+>+ 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1%
(.*10+%0,. 4.>,+0,. 0%&-('0,. + -* %34+('. (.*.('&. E (%00+&. L-% %, 5./>0% 4.&02+
,-%:. 5+>'1+0 (.*B.01+>,%/%*1% , /-*&. 4-%&% %,'/'*+0 1.&. &% 32 /'3/.M 4+0+
%<'31'0 *. 40%('3+ &% *+&'% /63 L-% &%, 5./>0%
63 +,,6 &% ,.3 '**-/%0+>,%3 0%(-03.3 &% ,+ ('%*('+ !%0*% '*=%*1) -* %<(%,%*1%
/%&'. *.=%,%3(. 4+0+ L-% %31+ +40.4'+(')* &%, /-*&. 0%3-,1+0+ &%3,-/>0+*1%D
'*1%0+(1-+0 %, %34+('. E %, 1'%/4. (.*K-:+0 '*(%3+*1%/%*1% +/>+3 (+1%:.02+3
+00'%3:+0,+3 + -*+ /'3/+ K-:+&+ &% &+&.3 . + -* /'3/. /.='/'%*1. &% (+>%7+ E
3'%/40% 1%*%0 C<'1. +3 /'3/+3 4%0'4%('+3 3% %*(+0:+* &% '/40'/'0 +, /-*&. -*+
%34%('% &% %31+&. %,631'(. &% +,%K+0 %, ('%00% ,-%:. &% +40.<'/+0,. &% K-:+0
+,%:0%/%*1% (.* ,+3 &'31+*('+3 ()3/'(+3 E &% 40.>+0 /+,'('.3+/%*1% %, 4.&%0 &%,
5./>0% 3.>0% ,.3 %34+('.3 E ,.3 5.0+0'.3 3.>0% %31% 4,+*%1+ &%:,-1'&.
10'-*B+,/%*1% 4.0 %, 5C0.% =%0*%+*. 3-%01% &% *1%. >-0:-C3 (-E+3 *.(5%3 3.*
'*.(%*1%3 E N0%4+0+&.0+3N 3% +00+310+ + /%*-&. +,:O* &%3%34%0+&. 40%3+ &%,
0%/.0&'/'%*1. . &%, %34,2* =%31':'. &% -*+ %&+& 0./6*1'(+ (.*(,-'&+ L-% &%31+(+
4.0 (.*10+31% ,+ 3+,-& &% ,.3 =%0&+&%0.3 40.4'%1+0'.3 &%, /-*&. L-'%*%3 3),. 3%
&%>%* 40%.(-4+0 4.0 +&+41+03% &% ,+ /+*%0+ /63 4%0B%(1+ 4.3'>,% + 3'1-+('.*%3
(-E+ (./4,%K'&+& *+&+ 1'%*% L-% =%0 (.* ,+ /%1+B23'(+ E *' 3'L-'%0+ (.* ,+ /.0+, 3'*.
L-% 3% ='*(-,+ 3'/4,%/%*1% + +,:O* (+40'(5. /.0&+7 &% ,+ :%.:0+B2+
*&'3(-1'>,%/%*1% %, :%31. 40.B-*&. &% J-,'. !%0*% %3 4-%3 ,+ +40.4'+(')* +
'/+:%* &%, >+0(. 1+* '/4.01+*1% %* ,+ /'1.,.:2+ &% !%0*% *. ,+ (.*10+&'(%M 4.0 ,.
(.*10+0'.D %, >+0(. >'%* 4-%&% 3%0 32/>.,. &% 4+01'&+M 4%0. /63 %* 40.B-*&'&+& %3 ,+

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

('B0+ &% ,+ (,+-3-0+ , :-31. 4.0 %, *+=2. %3 3'%/40% ,+ +,%:02+ &% -* %*('%00.
4%0B%(1. &% 1%*%0 + /+*. %, /+E.0 *O/%0. 4.3'>,% &% .>K%1.3 % &'34.*%0 &% -*
%34+('. +>3.,-1+/%*1% B'*'1.D +/+0 ,.3 *+=2.3 %3 +*1% 1.&. +/+0 -*+ (+3+
3-4%0,+1'=+ P(%00+&+ 3'* 0%/'3')*P E *. ,+3 :0+*&%3 4+01'&+3 5+('+ ='+K%3 3'*
&%31'*. , *+=2. %3 -* B%*)/%*. ='*(-,+&. + ,+ ='='%*&+ /63 L-% -* /%&'. &%
10+*34.01% .0 %3. 1.&.3 ,.3 >+0(.3 &% J-,'. !%0*% 3.* 4%0B%(1.3 N0'*(.*%3
5.:+0%8.3N E ,+ %*.0/'&+& &% 3- 4%0'4,. +8+&% /63 B%,'('&+& + ,+ &% ,+ (,+-3-0+ + ,+
4%0B%((')* &% 3- 5-/+*'&+& '*1%0'.0 , ; %3 %* %31% 3%*1'&. ,+ (+=%0*+
+&.0+>,% , :.(% &%, %*('%00. +,(+*7+ 3- 4+0.<'3/. (-+*&. &%3&% %, 3%*. &% %3+
'*1%0'.0'&+& 3'* B'3-0+ %3 4.3'>,% =%0 4.0 -* :0+* ='&0'. %, =+(2. &% ,+3 +:-+3
%<1%0'.0%3 E %* -* /'3/. :%31. &%B'*'0 %, '*1%0'.0 (./. ,. (.*10+0'.
%3&% %31+ 4%034%(1'=+ ,+ /+E.02+ &% ,.3 >+0(.3 &% ,%E%*&+ . B'((')* 3.* (./. %,
; 1%/+ &% +&.0+&. %*(%00+/'%*1. +31+ L-% %, *+=2. 3% 40%3%*1% (./.
='='%*&+ &%, 5./>0% 4+0+ L-% %, 5./>0% .0:+*'(% +,,2 '*/%&'+1+/%*1% %, :.(% &% -*
-*'=%03. 4%0B%(1. E 3'* 3.>0%3+,1.3 &.*&% ,+ /.0+, *6-1'(+ ,. 5+(% + ,+ =%7 &'.3 +/.
E 40.4'%1+0'. QO*'(. (+4'16* + >.0&. %1( R * %31+ /'1.,.:2+ &% ,+ *+=%:+(')* 5+E -*
3.,. /%&'. 4+0+ %<.0('7+0 ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 4.3%3'=+ &%, 5./>0% 3.>0% %, *+=2.D 3-40'/'0
+, 5./>0% E &%K+0 +, *+=2. 3.,.M %*1.*(%3 %, >+0(. &%K+ &% 3%0 %*('%00. ='='%*&+
.>K%1. 4.3%2&. % (.*='%01% %* .K. ='+K%0. 3%&-(1.0 &% '*B'*'1.3 L-% 40.&-(%
4+01'&+3 3'* &%3(+*3. , .>K%1. =%0&+&%0+/%*1% (.*10+0'. +, ; &% !%0*% %3 %,
> &% '/>+-& %, >+0(. L-% &'(% NE.N E ,'>%0+&. &% 3- (.*(+='&+& 4-%&%
5+(%0 4+3+0 +, 5./>0% &% -* 43'(.+*6,'3'3 &% ,+ (+=%0*+ + -*+ =%0&+&%0+ 4.C1'(+ &%
,+ %<4,.0+(')*

% + # ## % / "# # #

./. E+ ,. 3%8+,C %* *-%310.3 &2+3 ,+ 4->,'('&+& &% ,.3 &%1%0:%*1%3 +:'1+

%3%*('+,/%*1% ,+ '&%+ &% 40.B-*&'&+&D ,+ 3-('%&+& E+ *. 3% +00+*(+ &% ,+ 3-4%0B'('%
3'*. L-% 3% ,+ %<4-,3+ &% ,.3 ,-:+0%3 /63 3%(0%1.3 +/>'C* ,+ 4->,'('&+& &% ,.3
40.&-(1.3 &% >%,,%7+ %316 B-*&+&+ %* -*+ %34%('% &% 0%40%3%*1+(')* C4'(+ &% ,.
2*1'/. .3 >0%=%3 40.34%(1.3 ('%*12B'(.3 &%31'*+&.3 + '*10.&-('0 4->,'('1+0'+/%*1% %,
40.&-(1. ,. 40%3(0'>%* 4+0+ ,'/4'+0 %* 40.B-*&'&+& &%34%K+0 %* 40.B-*&'&+&
+,'/%*1+0 %* 40.B-*&'&+& %* 0%3-/%* 4+0+ '*B',10+03% (-%31% ,. L-% (-%31%
+0+&)K'(+/%*1% 4.0 %, 5%(5. &% L-% ,+ 4'%, %3 +*1% 1.&. 3-4%0B'('% 4%0. 3-4%0B'('%
='='%*1% E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. /.01+, +40.4'+&+ 4+0+ 3%(+03% E %*=%K%(%0 3% ,+ /-%310+ 3'*
=+(',+('.*%3 (./. 10'>-1+0'+ &% 0+2(%3 40.B-*&+3 &% ,. L-% ('%01.3 40.&-(1.3
&%*./'*+* % .0 .10+ 4+01% ,+ /%&'('*+ 4%0/'1% .1.0:+0 +
,+ >%,,%7+ -* %34+('. 40.B-*&. Q,+ &%0/'3 E ,+ %4'&%0/'3R E 4%03-+&'0 + ,+3 /-K%0%3
&% L-% %,,+3 3.* %, 40.&-(1. &% -*+ 3-%01% &% ('0(-'1. :%0/'*+1'=. %* %, L-% ,+
>%,,%7+ &% ,+3 %B,.0%3(%*('+3 &%4%*&% &% ,+ *-10'(')* &% ,+3 0+2(%3
+ '&%+ &% 40.B-*&'&+& %3 4-%3 :%*%0+, . %<'31% 40.4+:+*&+ &.*&% *. %31C
40%3%*1% (%0(+ &% ,+3 3-31+*('+3 + '*B',10+03% E + (.*=%01'0 %* %, 3%*. &% %3+
40.B-*&'&+& 1.1+, =+:-%&+& % '*&'(+ 3.,+/%*1% L-% 3% 10+1+ &%
Q='='B'(+*1%3 %31'/-,+*1%3 *-10'1'=.3R . &% , Q='1+,%3 0%='1+,'7+*1%3
0%:%*%0+&.0%3R -* =%0&+&%0. =.(+>-,+0'. /.,'%0%3(. +4%*+3 (./4,'(+&. (.* -*+
4'7(+ &% ('%*1'B'('3/. Q%, +:%*1% >+(1%0'('&+ A R %0. %, +-1C*1'(. &0+/+ &% 1.&.
%31% /.&%31. 43'(.+*6,'3'3 4->,'('1+0'. %3 %, (.*B,'(1. %*10% &.3 3-31+*('+3 %*%/':+3

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

L-% 3% &'34-1+* 3-1',/%*1% %, %*(+-7+@/'%*1. &% ,.3 NK-:.3N E &% ,.3 N40'*('4'.3N
5+('+ %, (+/4. &% ,+ 40.B-*&'&+& 3+3 &.3 3-31+*('+3 3.* %, +:-+ E ,+ :0+3+
+3 &.3 3.* /.0+,/%*1% +/>':-+3D %, +:-+ %3 >%*CB'(+ 4-%3 1.&. %, /-*&. =%
4%0B%(1+/%*1% L-% ,+ 4'%, ='%K+ %3 3%(+ E L-% ,+3 4'%,%3 K)=%*%3 3.* B0%3(+3 4-0+3 0
$ &'(% ('%01. 40.&-(1.RM ,. B'0/% ,. ,'3. 1.&.3 ,.3 =+,.0%3
4.3'1'=.3 &% ,+ 3-31+*('+ (+0*+, 3% 3'%*1%* %34.*16*%+/%*1% (./. %31'0+&.3 4.0 %,
+:-+ '*B,+&.3 (./. -*+ 1%,+ ->'(+&.3 %* -* %31+&. '&%+, &% 4-0%7+ &% ,'/4'%7+ E
&% B0%3(-0+ (-E+ (,+=% :%*%0+, %3 %, +:-+ %3&% %, 4-*1. &% ='31+ &% ,+ 4->,'('&+&
4-%3 ,+ 5'&0+1+(')* &% ,+3 40.B-*&'&+&%3 0%3-,1+ -*+ .4%0+(')* *%(%3+0'+ 3'*
%/>+0:. ,+ '*B',10+(')* &% -* (-%04. .4+(. 0%3-,1+ 4.(. B6(', 4+0+ %, +:-+D -*.
'/+:'*+ L-% %3 &%/+3'+&. =.,61', &%/+3'+&. '/4+('%*1% 4+0+ +,(+*7+0 (.* %B'(+('+
%3+3 7.*+3 (0241'(+3 &.*&% 3% %,+>.0+ ,+ >%,,%7+ &%/63 %, +:-+ %* ,+ B23'(+ (+0*+, E
%* %31+&. ,'>0% &'3-%,=% '00'1+ =-%,=% +, +'0% B.0/+ 4+01% &%, B-%:.M 3),. 0%3-,1+
>%*CB'(+ +40'3'.*+&+ 0%1%*'&+
+ 3-31+*('+ :0+3+ 1'%*% ,+3 (-+,'&+&%3 E ,.3 &%B%(1.3 '*=%03.3D *. 0%B0%3(+ 3-
3-+='&+& %3 %<(%3'=+ &%/+3'+&. &-0+&%0+ +01'B'('+, . 3% 4-%&% B-*&+0 -*+
4->,'('&+& &% ,+ >%,,%7+ %* ,+ /%0+ '&%+ &% ,+ (0%/+ (-E+ (.*3'31%*('+ /'3/+ 3%
3'%*1% (./. -* %31+&. 4.(. *+1-0+, '* &-&+ ,+ :0+3+ Q,,+/+&+ /63 4.C1'(+/%*1%
%* 4,-0+, (./. %* ,+ '>,'+ . %* 0'%*1%R &%340%*&% -*+ '&%+ &% *-10'(')*
4%0. %3 /63 3%:-0. %<+,1+0,+ (./. %,%/%*1. =%5'(-,+0 (./. ,->0'(+*1% %B'(+7 .
(.*&-(1.0 &% +:-+ +, 3%*. &% ,+3 40.B-*&'&+&%3 &% ,+ 4'%, , +:-+ 3% 40%3%*1+ (./.
=.,61', +C0%+ 5-'&'7+ %B2/%0+ 40%('.3+M %, +(%'1% 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. 4%03'31% 4%3+
B-%07+ ,%*1+/%*1% ,+3 3-4%0B'('%3 '/40%:*+ 3% &%3 ,'7+ 3'* 0%1.0*. 10+=C3 &% ,.3
N4.0.3N Q4%03.*+K%3 %3%*('+,%3 &% ,+ >%,,%7+ 4->,'('1+0'+R + 4->,'('&+& &% ,.3
40.&-(1.3 &% >%,,%7+ %,+>.0+ 4-%3 -*+ (.*K-*(')* /',+:0.3+ &% ,.3 ,2L-'&.3
%*%/':.3 L-% &% +,,2 %* /63 3.* &%(,+0+&.3 (./4,%/%*1+0'.3 , /'3/. 1'%/4. L-%
0%34%1+ (.* &'4,./+('+ ,.3 =+,.0%3 4.3'1'=.3 &% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ &% ,+3 3-31+*('+3
(.*3':-% '/4.*%0 ,+ (.*='((')* B%,'7 &% L-% ,+3 :0+3+3 3.* =%52(-,.3 &% +:-+ E &%
L-% %<'31%* (0%/+3 +(-.3+3 E 3-+='&+&%3 3'* >0',,.
+ /+E.02+ &% ,+3 *-%=+3 (0%/+3 4.0 ,. 1+*1. 3.* &%*./'*+&+3 "
$ %1( M ,+ '&%+ &% :0+3+ (.*3-31+*('+, &-0+*1% 1+*1. 1'%/4. (.*
,+ '&%+ &% 40.&-(1. &% >%,,%7+ 3% .(-,1+ . 3% (./4,'(+ 3% ,+ 5+(% 1%*&%0 5+('+ ,+
,'L-'&%7 E 5+31+ + =%(%3 &%3+4+0%(% &+*&. ,-:+0 + ,+ B,-'&+ +, %34'0'1-+,
:,.0'.3+/%*1% 3' 3% 10+1+ &% (./>+1'0 ,+ (%0.3'&+& &% ,+ 4'%, 4O&'(+/%*1%
3' 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. 3% 10+1+ &% *-10'0 :0+3+/%*1% %3+3 =.0+(%3 40.B-*&'&+&%3
(-E.3 B%*)/%*.3 &':%31'=.3 3% *.3 .31%*1+ &%34'+&+&+/%*1% 31+ +4%01-0+ 4O>,'(+
&% ,+ '*1%0'.0'&+& &%, (-%04. 5-/+*. (.*31'1-E% 4.0 .10+ 4+01% -* 0+3:. :%*%0+, &%
,+ 4->,'('&+& &% ,.3 40.&-(1.3 &% 1.(+&.0 N + 4.&0%&-/>0% 3% %<4-,3+ Q&% ,.3
&'%*1%3 &% ,+ 4'%, &% ,+ 3+*:0% &%, +,'%*1.RND 0+*('+ %316 4.3%2&+ 4.0 -*+ %*.0/%
=.0+('&+& &% ,'/4'%7+

" % + # 0 % 1 #

. L-% /63 0%34%1+ ,+ 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ %* %, /-*&. %3 ,+ '*/+*%*('+D 1.&.

B%*)/%*. L-% 1'%*% 3- 40.4'. 1C0/'*. %* 32 /'3/. 4.0 -* 3'/4,% /%(+*'3/. &%
0%1.0*. 4+0+ &%('0,. ,'1%0+,/%*1% 1.&. B%*)/%*. ,% %3 +:0+&+>,% , ,%*:-+K%
3% %*(+0:+ &% +(0%&'1+0 %* 3-3 B':-0+3 E 3- 40.4'+ 3'*1+<'3 %31+ /.0+, &% ,+ 0C4,'(+

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

.0 %K%/4,. %, 3%8.0 .-K+&% &'(% + &:+0 +-0%D N 31%& %3 0%34.*3+>,% &% ,+

0-41-0+ -31%& 3-B0'06 ,+3 (.*3%(-%*('+3N E ,. '*B'*'1. &%, /-*&. L-%&+ (.*K-0+&.
1.&. %3 &%=-%,1. + -* .0&%* 3'/4,% 4%0. 4,%*. 3'* B'3-0+3D %, &%, 4+:. 63 +,,6 &%,
(.*1%*'&. /'3/. &% ,+ B0+3% &%, >+,+*(%. &% ,+ 3'*1+<'3 %316 40%3%*1% ,+ +B'0/+(')*
&% -*+ ,%E 3%:O* ,+ (-+, *+&+ 3% 5+(% 3'* -*+ (.*3%(-%*('+ ':-+, &.*&% 1.&. +(1.
5-/+*. %3 0':-0.@3+*+/%*1% (.*1%31+&. 0%(-4%0+&.M %* 3-/+ 1.&+ -*+ /+1%/61'(+
&% ,+ %(-+(')* 10+*L-','7+ +, 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 ,% (.*310-E% -* /-*&. + ,+ /%&'&+ &%
3- (./%0('.
31+ 0%1)0'(+ &%, 1+,,)* 1'%*% 3-3 40.4'+3 B':-0+3 1.&+3 B':-0+3 &% ':-+,&+& .
3),. (-+,L-'%0 .B%*3+ &%>% 3%0 (.*K-0+&+ (.* -*+ +/%*+7+ 3'*. L-% '*(,-3'=% 1.&.
+(1. &%>% 3%0 40%=%*'&. , .0:-,,. &% N*. &%K+03% 4'3.1%+0N %3 3'/4,%/%*1% %, 0%34%1.
0'1-+, 4.0 -* .0&%* *-/%0+1'=. &.*&% >-0,+0 %3 +*-,+0 QN %>'%0.* &%('0,% 1+/>'C* +
-31%& L-% 4+0+ K-:+0/% ,+ 4+3+&+ &% +0(%,,'* ,>%01 *. %0+ *%(%3+0'. 4+:+0,. NR %
C31+ /+*%0+ ,+ 0%&-((')* &%, /-*&. + -*+ 4-0+ ':-+,&+& ,+ =':%*('+ &% 0%,+('.*%3
(-+*1'1+1'=+3 %*10% ,.3 +(1.3 5-/+*.3 3.* %31+&.3 10'-*B+*1%3 +(%0 4+:+0
(.*1%31+0 (.*(%>'0 %, +(.*1%('/'%*1. 0%(240.(. E+ 3%+ &%=.,='%*&. 3%+
&%3>+0+1+*&. 1.&. ('%00+ %, /-*&. 3.>0% 32 /'3/. E 40.&-(% B%,'('&+& 3 *.0/+,
4-%3 ,+ =+*'&+& L-% 3-0:% &% %3+ (.*1+>','&+& /.0+,D ,+ .31%*1+(')*
4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ (.*3'31% %* %,-&'0 ,.3 =+,.0%3 (-+,'1+1'=.3 %* .4.*%0 + ,.3 40.(%3.3
&% 10+*3B.0/+(')* ,+ %3161'(+ &% ,+3 ':-+,&+&%3 Q.K. 4.0 .K. %B%(1. (.*10+ (+-3+
/%0(+*(2+ (.*10+ &'*%0. (%*1+=. 4.0 (%*1+=. %1(C1%0+R
.-K+&% 1'%*% 4,%*+ (.*('%*('+ &% L-% %, %*%/':. (+4'1+, &% %31% 3'31%/+
1+-1.,):'(. %3 ,+ &'+,C(1'(+ L-% 4.0 .10+ 4+01% (+3' (.*B-*&% (.* ,+ 3.B231'(+ ),. 3%
10'-*B+ 3.>0% ,+ &'+,C(1'(+ /%&'+*1% ,+ =-%,1+ 4%0/+*%*1% +, (6,(-,. + ,+ (./4-1+(')*
&% ,+3 (.*&-(1+3 5-/+*+3 + ,. L-% .-K+&% &% +(-%0&. (.* ,+ %1'/.,.:2+ ,,+/+ ,+
+7)* QNS + (+,,% '=.,' 3%06 /63 B-%01% L-% %, +0,+/%*1.T S + &'+,C(1'(+ /63
=+,%&%0+ L-% ,+ +7)*TNR + &'+,C(1'(+ +/%*+7+ %B%(1'=+/%*1% (.* +>0'0 %3% /-*&.
(%00+&. 1+* (-'&+&.3+/%*1% 3.>0% 3-3 ':-+,&+&%3M %* ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% %3 -*+
1C(*'(+ &% 10+*3B.0/+(')* ,+ &'+,C(1'(+ (.*10+&'(% + ,+ %310-(1-0+ *-/%0+1'=+ &% ,+
40.4'%&+& %3 (.,.(+&+ B-%0+ &% ,.3 ,2/'1%3 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3%3 E %* (.*3%(-%*('+ 3%
,+ +*+1%/+1'7+ 40'/%0. E ,-%:. 3% ,+ &%(0%1+ 4-0+ ',-3')*M &%:0+&+*&. -*+ =%7 /63
-* ='%K. 1%/+ 0./6*1'(. QL-% %*1.*(%3 %0+ >-0:-C3R .-K+&% +*'L-',+ 1.&+3 ,+3
1C(*'(+3 &% ,+ '*1%,':%*('+ .4.*% + ,+ N0+7)*N 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ ,.3 3.B'3/+3 E ,.3
%*3-%8.3 &% ,.3 -*'=%03'1+0'.3 E &% ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 &%3+(0%&'1+&.3 4.0 3- 3.,+
4.3'(')* B-%0+ &% ,. 0%+, (./4-1+>,% QN 0+*('+ %316 +B%(1+&+ 4.0 -*+
3-4%040.&-((')* &% :%*1%3 (.* &'4,./+3 4.,'1C(*'(.3 %(.*./'31+3 B',)3.B.3 E .10.3
3.8+&.0%3 L-% 5+* 4%0&'&. 1.&. (.*1+(1. (.* %, /-*&. 0%+, NR
5.0+ 3+>%/.3 L-C %3 ,. 0%+, 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3D *' 3'L-'%0+ ,. L-% 3% =% 3'*. ,. L-%
4-%&% (-+*1'B'(+03% %0. %3% 0%+, ,. /63 %310%(5. L-% 3.('%&+& +,:-*+ 5+E+ 4.&'&.
&%B'*'0 1'%*% &% 1.&+3 /+*%0+3 3- B',.3.B2+D %, N>-%* 3%*1'&.N %, B+/.3. >-%* 3%*1'&.
&% ,+ N:%*1% 3'/4,%N &'(% %, 3%8.0 .-K+&% + 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ +, /%*.3 ,+ &%
.-K+&% Q1'%*&+3 &% (./%31'>,%3 (+0*'(%02+3R 4.3%% %, >-%* 3%*1'&. + ,+ /+*%0+ &%
-* +4C*&'(% B23'(. :,.0'.3. &% -* )0:+*. 4+01'(-,+0 &% 4%0(%4(')*D )0:+*. (-0'.3.
4.0 .10+ 4+01% E+ L-% 4+0+ =%0 (,+0. (.* C, 40'/%0. 5+E L-% (%:+03% 0%5-3+03% +
3.>0%4+3+0 ,+3 +4+0'%*('+3 1./+0 4.0 &'*%0. (.*1+*1% ,+3 40.4.3'('.*%3 &% ,. N0%+,N E
&%(0%1+0 '*%<'31%*1% 1.&. ,. L-% +/%*+(% (.* 3-31'1-'0 ,+ 0C4,'(+ 4.0 ,+ %<4,'(+(')* -
4+4%, (.*3'31% %* 4,+*1%+0 ':-+,&+&%3 3'/4,%3 %*10% ,. L-% 3% =% E ,. L-% %3 E
+3%:-0+0 -* /-*&. 3'* +01'(-,+('.*%3 3'* 10+*3'('.*%3 E 3'* 40.:0%3')* , >-%*
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3%*1'&. %3 (./. -* 4%00. :-+0&'6* &% ,+3 %(-+('.*%3 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+3D .>1-0+

1.&+3 ,+3 3+,'&+3 &'+,C(1'(+3 &%B'*% -* /-*&. 5./.:C*%. &.*&% 3% %316 ()/.&.
40.1%:'&. &% ,+3 4%01-0>+('.*%3 E &% ,+3 B-:+3 &%, N3-%8.N Q,C+3% &% -*+ ='3')* *.
(.*1+>','7+>,% &% ,+3 (.3+3R ./. ,+3 (.*&-(1+3 5-/+*+3 *. 3.* E *. &%>%* 3%0 .10+
(.3+ L-% 4-0. 1+,')* %, >-%* 3%*1'&. (.*3'31% %* ,+ 0%+((')* 3%,%(1'=+ &%, %3420'1-
L-% 0%&-(% %, /-*&. '&%+, + /%(+*'3/.3 &'0%(1.3 &% 0C4,'(+
, ,%*:-+K% &%, 3%8.0 .-K+&% /-%310+ &% %31+ /+*%0+ -*+ =%7 /63 L-% ,+
/'1.,.:2+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ '/4,'(+ %, 0%(5+7. &% ,+ +,1%0'&+& ,+ *%:+(')* &% ,.
&'B%0%*1% %, 4,+(%0 &% ,+ '&%*1'&+& E ,+ %<+,1+(')* &% ,. 3%/%K+*1% 31+ 0%&-((')*
%(-+('.*+, &%, /-*&. 40%4+0+ -*+ B+3% %<4+*3'.*'31+ &.*&% N,+ '&%*1'&+&N &% ,.3
B%*)/%*.3 5-/+*.3 %31+>,%(% 064'&+/%*1% -*+ N*+1-0+,%7+N E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. -*+
N-*'=%03+,'&+&N .-K+&% *. 3% 40.4.*% +O* &%B'*'0 +, (./. ,+ B',.3.B2+
:%*%0+, &% ,+ 5-/+*'&+&M + 3-3 .K.3 1.&+=2+ %3 -*+ ='01-& &% (,+3% 3' >'%* %3 ('%01.
L-% E+ (.*31'1-E% -* 0%=':.0'7+&.0 -*'=%03+, %31. %3 40%('3+/%*1% ,. 3'*'%310. &%,
4.-K+&'3/.D L-% &% :.,4% 5+E+ +34'0+&. + -*+ =%0&+&%0+ /'1.,.:2+ E (.,.(+&. + ,+
(-,1-0+ (./. -*+ %*B%0/%&+& ,. L-% %3 %, 32*1./+ %34%(2B'(. &% ,.3 B+3('3/.3

# -$ " 1

(+>+/.3 &% =%0 L-% %, >-%* 3%*1'&. 4.-K+&'31+ (.*3'31% %* %31+>,%(%0 -*+
%L-'=+,%*('+ 3'/4,% %*10% ,. L-% 3% =% E ,. L-% %3 -+*&. -*+ +4+0'%*('+ %3
&%('&'&+/%*1% /-E '*3),'1+ + %3% /'3/. 3%*1'&. (./O* ,% L-%&+ -* /%&'. &%
0%&-('0,+ 3'* 3+,'0 &% ,+ /%(6*'(+ &% ,+3 ':-+,&+&%3D %, 3'/>.,'3/. +&+ =%7 L-% -*
%34%(16(-,. 4+0%(% '*/.1'=+&. %, >-%* 3%*1'&. %(5+ + +*&+0 ,+ 4%3+&+ (+>+,,%02+ &%,
32/>.,. +&/'1'&. %* %, ('%,. 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 %* ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% + 4%3+0 &% 3-
=%01'%*1% +>310+(1+ -*% ,. ='3'>,% E ,. '*='3'>,% >+K. ,+3 %34%('%3 &% -*+ ':-+,&+&
(-+*1'1+1'=+ Q%31. %31.R D %, (6,(-,. 3% 3+,=+ %, /-*&. 0%3'31% 1.&+=2+
*1% ,+ 4'%7+ &% &+/.= 3.>0% ,.3 10+:+/.*%&+3 .>K%1. '*3),'1. %* %, 1%+10.
>-0:-C3 L-% %* (-%31')* &% .>K%1.3 %3(C*'(.3 *. (.*.(% /63 L-% %, ,%(5. &%,
+&-,1%0'. ,+ :0+* 40%*3+ 3% 5+ +40%3-0+&. + (.*K-0+0 ,. '*5+>'1-+, 0%&-('C*&.,. +,
32/>.,. %3&% %, /./%*1. %* L-% " %0+ /%*.3 4%,':0.3. %* ,+
/%&'&+ L-% ,+ (021'(+ &% ( !( 3% &'0':2+ + ,.3 ,%(1.0%3 &% ,.3 :0+*&%3 &'+0'.3
0 = 2 /63 3% '*3'31') 3.>0% %, (+06(1%0 3'/>),'(. &% ,+ .>0+D
10+*L-',2(%*3% *. 3% 10+1+ /63 L-% &% -* 32/>.,. %, 10+:+/.*%&+3 3':*'B'(+
3'/4,%/%*1% N,+ (./4,%K'&+& &%, 3'31%/+ 3.('+,N _ .>K%1. 1%+10+, '*3),'1. 3% %<.0('7+
%* ,+ /%&'&+ L-% =+,% +,:.
5.0+ >'%* %, >',,+0 %,C(10'(. &% ( !( *. 3'/>.,'7+ +>3.,-1+/%*1% *+&+M
*. %<40%3+D 40.&-(%M %3 -* .>K%1. ,'1%0+, (-E+ B-*(')* (.*3'31% %* %*:%*&0+0
3'1-+('.*%3 4.0 3- /'3/+ .>K%1'='&+& %0. +-* %* %31% (+3. *-%310+ (021'(+ 3%
%*10+/4+ %* 3- 3%& &% 40.B-*&'&+&D %3+3 3'1-+('.*%3 *. 3.* 43'(.,):'(+3 3'*. L-%
(.*31'1-E%* %3%*('+,/%*1% , 31+ %3 -*+ 0%+,'&+& &0+/61'(+ L-%
5+>06 L-% 1%0/'*+0 4.0 +&/'1'0 K-*1. +, ='%K. +03%*+, &% ,+3 '*10':+3 +(('.*%3
4%03.*+K%3 (.*B,'(1.3 E .10.3 %,%/%*1.3 &%, 1%+10. (,63'(. ( !( %3 -*+ 0%& &%
3'1-+('.*%3 &% ,%*:-+K% /+:'310+,/%*1% /.*1+&+
%0. SL-C %3 -*+ 3'1-+(')* &% ,%*:-+K%T 3 -*+ (.*B':-0+(')* &% 5+>,+ L-%
%*:%*&0+ 0%,+('.*%3 43'(.,):'(+3 /%*.3 B+,3+3 L-% 10+*3'&+3 %* %,
(./40./'3. &% -* ,%*:-+K% +*1%0'.0 %3 %3% %31+0 10+*3'&. %, L-% +*'L-',+

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

B'*+,/%*1% + ,+ 43'(.,.:2+ +0.&'+0 %, ,%*:-+K% &% -*+ (,+3% . &% -* (+06(1%0 %3

&'34.*%0 &% ('%01+ &'31+*('+ :.7+0 ,+ 40.4'%&+& &% ('%01+ Q='01-& (+0+ + ,+
43'(.,.:2+R %0. 3' %3% ,%*:-+K% 40%31+&. %3 :%*%0+, 3' %316 3'1-+&. 3'%/40% -* 4.(.
/63 +(6 &% ,+ (+0'(+1-0+ E 0%(->0% 1.&+ ,+ 3-4%0B'('% &% ,+ 4'%7+ (.* B-%07+ &'34+0
4%0. 3'* *'*:-*+ B'3-0+ 4.0 &.*&% 4-%&+ 3+,'0 +,:O* :0'1. +,:O* 5+>,+ '*=%*1+&+
%*1.*(%3 ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 5-/+*+3 + 4%3+0 &% 3- &'*+/'3/. +4+0%*1% L-%&+* (./.
='10'B'(+&+3 &%3='+&+3 3'* (%3+0 4.0 -*+ 3-%01% &% 0%B0+((')* =%0>+, E %, 40.>,%/+ &%
3- N+-1%*1'('&+&N &%3+4+0%(% (./. -* 5%0/.3. QE B+,3.R 3-%8.
( !( %316 %*1%0+/%*1% (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 -* >,.L-% &% %3% ,%*:-+K% L-% 3%
40%3%*1+ (./. >+K. -* ='&0'. +*6,.:. 3' 3% L-'%0% + %3.3 $ 4 L-%
4%0/'1%* + ,.3 '*:,%3%3 &'3B0-1+0 %* 3- '*='%0*. ,+3 +('&%(%3 &% ,+ 40'/+=%0+M %3%
,%*:-+K% 1%K'&. %*1%0+/%*1% &% 4%L-%8.3 ,-:+0%3 (./-*%3 &% 10-'3/.3 4+0('+,%3 &%
%31%0%.1'4.3 +4%*+3 4%0(%41'>,%3 +00.K+&.3 (.* ,+ B-%07+ &% ,+ %34%0+*7+ P. &% ,+
&%3%34%0+*7+P (./. ,+3 4+012(-,+3 &% -* /.='/'%*1. >0.\*'+*. %3% ,%*:-+K% *. %3
-* ,%*:-+K% %*,+1+&. (./. 4-&. 3%0,. 4.0 %K%/4,. ,+ K%0:+ &% 4.01%0. 0%(.*31'1-'&+
4.0 %*0E .**'%0M 3%02+ /63 >'%* -* ,%*:-+K%@0%10+3. B.0/+&. B+1+,/%*1% %* ,+
='&+ 3.('+, &%, 4%03.*+K% E L-% 3% &%35'%,+ =%0&+&%0. +-*L-% 1+, =%7 &%/+3'+&.
6('&. %* -*+ 3'1-+(')* -,1%0'.0 &.*&% 3- ,':%0+ (.*:%,+(')* -*+ 4'7(+ &% C*B+3'3
=-,:+0 ,.:0+* %B%(1.3 '*(+,(-,+>,%3 .3 4%03.*+K%3 &% ( !( 3.* -*
4.(. (./. %, .>%34'%00% &% '(5%,%1D 4'%*3+* 1.&. ,. L-% &'(%* +,+>0+ 40.B-*&+
L-% 3->0+E+ %3+ 4,+31'('&+& 106:'(+ &%, 5./>0% %* 3- ,%*:-+K% 3.>0% 1.&. (-+*&. %*
-* O,1'/. E 3.040%*&%*1% 0.310. &%, /+,%*1%*&'&. %3% ,%*:-+K% *' 3'L-'%0+ %3
(./4,%1+/%*1% 3-E.
U-'76 %31. /-%310% ,+ +/>':V%&+& &% ( !( + 4.0 -*+ 4+01% ,. '00'3.0'. &%
3- ,%*:-+K% %3 %='&%*1% 4.0 .10+ %3+ /'3/+ '00'3')* %3 (0%+&.0+ E 40.&-(% 3%0%3
4%0B%(1+/%*1% ='='%*1%3 &.1+&.3 &% -* %34%3.0 &% 1'%/4. L-% '*(,-3'=% 4-%&%
(.*&-('0,.3 + 10+=C3 &% 1.&+ -*+ %<'31%*('+ 5+31+ ,+ /-%01% 31. 3':*'B'(+ L-% %*
&+/.= ,+3 3'1-+('.*%3 &% ,%*:-+K% 0%3'31%* 4%0B%(1+/%*1% +, 32/>.,. E + ,+
(+0'(+1-0+D ,+ ='&+ 0%3-,1+ 4+063'1+ &%, ,%*:-+K% E %31. ,. =%0'B'(+ ( !(
, 10+:+/.*%&+3 &% &+/.= *. %3 4-%3 -*+ (,+=%M *. %3 ,+ +,.*&0+ /-%01+ &%
&I ***-*7'. . ,+ 4-%01+ &% -* 4+,+('. &% +%1%0,'*([M %3 -* .>K%1. :%*%0+&.0 &%
,%*:-+K% ./. -* %,%/%*1. &% (+16,'3'3 %*=2+ '*(%3+*1%/%*1% + ,.3 +(1.0%3 ,+
(+0*+&+ &%, 5+>,+ ,.3 5+(% %<'31'0 &%*10. &% ,+ 40.,'B%0+(')* &%, ,%*:-+K% .0 .10+
4+01% ,.3 (,'3C3 &% ( !( *. 1'%*%* 1.&.3 %, /'3/. %34%3.0 &% /%/.0'+ %, /'3/.
0%,'%=%M &%4%*&% &% L-'%* ,.3 %<40%3+D -11%0 %, B+*B+00)* L-% 5+(% B0+3%3 .31%*1+
+&L-'3'('.*%3 (+0'(+1-0%3(+3 +,+0&%3 '*/%&'+1.3 &% -* ,%*:-+K% 4+0)&'(. L-% 5+(%
0%20 B0+*(+/%*1% QNX +3 4+,+>0+3 1.&+3 10+/4+3YNR , ,%*:-+K% 10+*3'&. &% **%11% %3
/63 ,%=% E 1+/>'C* /63 ,+31'/.3. QNX .10.3 3%8.0 .:%0YNR +&+ 4%03.*+K% &% ( !
( 4+0%(% (.*&%*+&. + 3- 5-%,,+ =%0>+, 4%0. (+&+ 5-%,,+ 1'%*% -*+ (.*(+='&+&
&'B%0%*1% E %3+3 &'B%0%*('+3 &% 40%3')* (0%+* 40%('3+/%*1% ,. L-% %* 1%+10. 3% ,,+/+
3'1-+('.*%3 %3 &%('0 4.3'>','&+&%3 E %,%(('.*%3 * ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% %, ,%*:-+K% &%
( !( %3 %*1%0+/%*1% +&L-'0'&. 3+,'&. &%, 1%+10. &% ,+ ='&+ &% -*+ ='&+ L-% 3%
&+ + 32 /'3/+ (./. 1%+10. ( !( %3 1%+10. %* 3%:-*&. :0+&. %3-,1+
%<+(1+/%*1% ,. (.*10+0'. &%, *+1-0+,'3/. L-% 3'%/40% 3% 40.4.*% +/4,'B'(+0 ,.
'*3':*'B'(+*1%M %* %31% (+3. .(-00% .10+ (.3+D ,. %34%(1+(-,+0 &% ,+ ='&+ &%, ,%*:-+K%
%316 3.>0% ,+ %3(%*+ Q&%, /'3/. /.&. L-% 3% &'(% L-% %, 5'%,. %316
(.*:%,+&.R 31% /.&. &% (.*:%,+(')* %3 %, /'3/. &% 1.&+ 4+,+>0+ /21'(+D (./. %,
,%*:-+K% &% ( !( 1+/>'C* %, /'1. %3 -*+ 4+,+>0+ (.*:%,+&+ 4.0 3- 40.4'.

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&%3&.>,+/'%*1. %0. (./. 3% 10+1+ &%, 1%+10. ,+ 0%B%0%*('+ &% %31% 3%:-*&. ,%*:-+K%
%3 &'B%0%*1%D %, 5+>,+ /21'(+ 3% 3-/%0:% %* ,+ 3.('%&+& %* -*+ 5'31.0'+ :%*%0+,
/'%*10+3 L-% %, ,%*:-+K% %<4%0'/%*1+,/%*1% 0%(.*31'1-'&. 4.0 &+/.= 3),. 4-%&%
&-4,'(+0 -* 40'/%0 =%0>. '*&'='&-+, + &%34%(5. &% 3- >+*+,'&+&
. =%. &%*10. &% *-%310+ ,'1%0+1-0+ 1%+10+, /63 L-% + -* +-1.0 &% L-'%* 3%
4.&02+ &%('0 L-% 1+/>'C* 5+ (.*310-'&. 3- 1%+10. 3.>0% -*+ ,'>0% 40.,'B%0+(')* &% ,+3
3'1-+('.*%3 &% ,%*:-+K%D +0'=+-< ,+ '*=%03+ %, 1%+10. L-% /63 3% .4.*% + %31+
&0+/+1-0:'+ &% ,+ 3'1-+(')* =%0>+, %3 4+0+&)K'(+/%*1% %, 1%+10. =%0>+,D '0+-&.-<
4.0 %K%/4,. (-E. ,%*:-+K% 0%3-,1+ %3 &%('0 3% 3-/%0:% %* '0+-&.-< /'3/.
, ,%*:-+K% &% &+/.= 1'%*% 3-3 0+2(%3 +, +'0% E E+ 3% 3+>% L-% 1.&. ,. %<1%0'.0 %3
3-/+/%*1% 40.=%(5.3. 4+0+ %, 1%+10.

+ # " "

, (%0%>0. &% '*31%'* %3 -* .>K%1. /21'(.D 4+0+&)K'(+/%*1% ,+ '*1%,':%*('+ /63

&%31+(+&+ B.0/+ ,+ '/+:%* &% ,+ /%(6*'(+ /%K.0 4%0B%(('.*+&+ +, 5./>0%
&%/+3'+&. 4.&%0.3. 3% ,. 3%4+0+ &% ,+ 43'(.,.:2+ 3% ,. '*10.&-(% %* -* /-*&. &%
0.>.13M %* ,+3 *.=%,+3 &% ('%*('+@B'((')* ,.3 3-4%05./>0%3 3'%/40% 1'%*%* +,:. &%
(.3'B'(+&. '*31%'* 1+/>'C*D (./O*/%*1% 3% ,. %<40%3+ 4.0 3- (%0%>0. )0:+*.
+*1.,):'(. =%0&+&%0+ 4'%7+ &% /-3%. +, =%7 + (+-3+ &% 3- %34%('+,'7+(')*
/+1%/61'(+ %, 3-4%05./>0% %316 &%34.K+&. &% 1.&. (+06(1%0 /6:'(. * C, *. 5+E
*'*:-*+ 4.1%*('+,'&+& &'B-3+ *'*:O* /'31%0'. L-% *. 3%+ /%(6*'(.M %3 -* )0:+*.
3-4%0'.0 40.&':'.3. 4%0. 0%+, '*(,-3'=% B'3'.,):'(. '1.,):'(+/%*1% '*31%'* %3
/+1%0'+ 3- 4.&%0 *. (.*&-(% %34.*16*%+/%*1% + ,+ %34'0'1-+,'&+& *%(%3'1+ &%,
+-<','. &% -*+ /.0+, '*&%4%*&'%*1% ,+ %=.(+(')* &% ,+ N(.*('%*('+N &%, 3+>'. 0*
(./. 3% &'(%R , /'3/. '*31%'* 3% 5+ 40%31+&. -* 4.(. + ,+ ,%E%*&+ +,
,%:+0 3- (%0%>0. &'34-1+&. 4.0 &.3 5.34'1+,%3 (./. 3' 3% 10+1+0+ &% -*+ /+L-'*+0'+
'*3),'1+ L-% +, B'* 3% =+ + 4.&%0 &%3/.*1+0 *+ '/+:%* ,. /-%310+ 1%*3. ,+ (+>%7+
%0'7+&+ &C 5',.3 %,C(10'(.3D 3% 0%:'310+* ,+3 .*&+3 &% 3- (%0%>0. /'%*10+3 3% ,% 3.,'('1+
L-% N4'%*3% %* ,+ 0%,+1'='&+&N Q %0. %* 0%+,'&+& SL-C L-'%0% &%('0 %<+(1+/%*1%
N4%*3+0 %5 NTR '* &-&+ 3% '*1%*1+ 5+(%0*.3 3%*1'0 L-% ,.3 3'3/.:0+/+3 3%06* /63
='.,%*1.3 (-+*1. /63 +0&-. 3%+ %, 1%/+ &% ,+ N0%,+1'='&+&N , 4%*3+/'%*1. %3
0%40%3%*1+&. (./. -*+ /+1%0'+ %*%0:C1'(+ 40.&-(1. /%*3-0+>,% &% -* +4+0+1.
(./4,%K. Q4.(. /%*.3 L-% %,C(10'(.R L-% 10+*3B.0/+ ,+ 3-31+*('+ (%0%>0+, %* B-%07+
+ /'1.,.:2+ &% '*31%'* 5+(% &% C, -* :%*'. 1+* 4.(. /6:'(. L-% 3% 5+>,+ &% 3-
4%*3+/'%*1. (./. &% -* 10+>+K. B-*('.*+, +*6,.:. + ,+ 40.&-((')* /%(6*'(+ &% ,+3
3+,(5'(5+3 + ,+ /.,'%*&+ &%, :0+*. . + ,+ 10'1-0+(')* &%, /'*%0+,D 40.&-(2+
4%*3+/'%*1. (.*1'*-+/%*1% (./. %, /.,'*. &% 5+0'*+ E ,+ 5+ 3'&. 4+0+ C, +*1%
1.&. %, &%1%*'/'%*1. &% -*+ B-*(')* ,.(+,'7+&+D - %
-
31+ /%(6*'(+ :%*'+, 1%*2+ -* .>K%1'=.D 40.&-('0 %(-+('.*%3 10+=C3 &% ,+
/'1.,.:2+ &% '*31%'* %, /-*&. 5+ 0%%*(.*10+&. (.* &%,%'1% ,+ '/+:%* &% -* 3+>%0
(.*=%01'&. %* B)0/-,+3 %(5. 4+0+&)K'(.D (-+*1. /63 %, :%*'. &%, 5./>0% 3%
/+1%0'+,'7+>+ %* ,+3 B.0/+3 &% 3- (%0%>0. E (-+*1. /63 %, 40.&-(1. &% 3- '*=%*(')*
+,(+*7+>+ -*+ (.*&'(')* /6:'(+ /63 0%%*(+0*+>+ ,+ ='%K+ '/+:%* %3.1C0'(+ &% ,+
('%*('+ %*(%00+&+ %* +,:-*+3 ,%10+3 <'31% -* 3%(0%1. O*'(. &%, /-*&. E %3% 3%(0%1.
(+>% %* -*+ 4+,+>0+M %, -*'=%03. %3 -*+ (+K+ B-%01% (-E+ (,+=% %3 >-3(+&+ 4.0 ,+

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

5-/+*'&+& '*31%'* (+3' ,+ %*(.*10) E C3% %3 %, /'1. &% '*31%'*M 1.&.3 ,.3 1%/+3
:*)31'(.3 =-%,=%* + %*(.*10+03% %* C,D ,+ -*'&+& &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ ,+ 4.3'>','&+& '&%+,
&% -*+ 0%&-((')* B-*&+/%*1+, &%, /-*&. %, 4.&%0 &% +4%01-0+ &% ,+ 4+,+>0+ ,+
,-(5+ +*(%310+, &% -* 3%(0%1. E &% -* *./>0% ,+ '&%+ &% L-% %, 3+>%0 1.1+, 3),. 4-%&%
&%3(->0'03% &% :.,4% (./. -*+ (%00+&-0+ L-% (%&% >0-3(+/%*1% &%34-C3 &% /',
1+*1%.3 '*B0-(1-.3.3 .0 3- 3'/4,'('&+& '*%34%0+&+ ,+ %(-+(')* 5'31)0'(+ ` /%
(-/4,% (+3' 1.1+,/%*1% ,+ '&%+ 4-0+ &% ,+ ,,+=% &%3*-&+ ,'*%+, &% -* O*'(. /%1+,
L-% +>0% (.* B+(','&+& +>3.,-1+/%*1% /6:'(+ -*+ 4-%01+ 3.>0% ,+ L-% *.3
.>31'*6>+/.3 &%3&% 5+(2+ 3':,.3 +3 '/6:%*%3 ,. /-%310+*D '*31%'* $ $
%316 +, ,+&. &% -* 4'7+00)* (->'%01. 4.0 3':*.3 /+1%/61'(.3 &% ='3'>,% (./4,%K'&+&M
4%0. %, '*31%'* , %3 &%('0 %, L-% %*10) %* ,+ ,%E%*&+ 1'7+ %* /+*. 1.&+=2+
+(+>+ &% %3(0'>'0 3.>0% -* 4'7+00)* &%3*-&. E (./. 3'* 40%4+0+(')* ,+ B)0/-,+
/6:'(+ &%, /-*&. % %31+ /+*%0+ ,+ /'1.,.:2+ 0%34%1+ ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ &% ,+3 1+0%+3D ,+
'*=%31':+(')* 40.4'+/%*1% &'(5+ /.=','7+ %*:0+*+K%3 /%(6*'(.3 1'%*% 4.0 3%&% -*
)0:+*. 1.1+,/%*1% /+1%0'+, (-E+ O*'(+ /.*310-.3'&+& %3 3- (./4,'(+(')*
('>%0*C1'(+M %, &%3(->0'/'%*1. 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. %3 &% %3%*('+ /6:'(+ 3'/4,% (./. -*
(-%04. 40'/.0&'+, (./. -*+ 3-31+*('+ %,%/%*1+, 4'%&0+ B',.3.B+, &% ,.3 5%0/C1'(.3
+:-+ &% +,L-'106* &% %0[%,%E .<2:%*. &% (5%,,'*:
%0. (./. %, /-*&. (.*1'*O+ (./. ,+ '*=%31':+(')* +-/%*1+
4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% (./. %3 *%(%3+0'. 0%3%0=+0 1+/>'C* -* 4+4%, + '.3 +,:O*
B0+(+3. &% '*31%'* 3% 5+(% '/40%3('*&'>,%D '*31%'* 5+ /-%01. 3% +B'0/+ 3'* 5+>%0
4.&'&. =%0'B'(+0 N,+ %(-+(')* &.*&% 1%*2+ %, 3%(0%1. &%, /-*&.N '*+,/%*1% %,
/-*&. 5+ 0%3'31'&.M +4%*+3 4%*%10+&. %, 3%(0%1. 3% 5+ =-%,1. + (%00+0M ,+ (,+=% %0+
'*(./4,%1+ % %31% /.&. '*31%'* 3+1'3B+(% 4,%*+/%*1% +, /'1. L-% 3% >-0,+ &% ,+3
(.*10+&'(('.*%3 (.* 1+, &% '*31+,+0 -*+ 3%:-0'&+& %-B)0'(+D /+:. E /6L-'*+ + ,+ =%7
>-3(+&.0 4%0/+*%*1% E &%3(->0'&.0 '*3+1'3B%(5. &%3%*(+&%*+&.0 &% ,. /%K.0 E ,.
4%.0 (%0%>0. E (.*('%*('+ '*31%'* (-/4,% ,.3 3-%8.3 /63 (.*10+&'(1.0'.3 0%(.*(','+
/21'(+/%*1% ,+ 4.1%*('+ '*B'*'1+ &%, 5./>0% 3.>0% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ E ,+ NB+1+,'&+&N &% ,.
3+:0+&. &% ,+ L-% +O* *. 4-%&% &%34.K+03%

+ 31

, 5./>0%@K%1 %3 %, 4',.1. &% +=')* + 0%+((')* %:O* 4%01%*%(% + -*+ 0+7+

*-%=+ &% ,+ +='+(')* /63 40)<'/+ +, 0.>.1 L-% +, 5C0.% . .>31+*1% E (./.
=%0%/.3 %* 3%:-'&+ %* %, 5./>0%@K%1 5+E =+0'.3 0%3'&-.3 4+03'B+,'+*.3 %0. ,. L-%
'/40%3'.*+ +*1% 1.&. %* ,+ /'1.,.:2+ &%, , ! %3 ,+ %,'/'*+(')* &% ,+ =%,.('&+&D %*
,+ ,%E%*&+ *+&+ ,+ +,-&% %34%(2B'(+/%*1% L-2 *%(%3'1+/.3 %*10+0 %* -*+ 4+0+&.K+
L-% 4.0 .10+ 4+01% 1.&. %, /-*&. +&/'1% 4%0B%(1+/%*1% % '*(,-3'=% (.*3-/% (./.
-*+ 40-%>+ &% /.&%0*'&+&M %31+ 4+0+&.K+ (.*3'31% %* L-% &%/+3'+&+ =%,.('&+& 3%
=-%,=+ 0%4.3. , 4',.1.@5C0.% 3'*:-,+0'7+ 4.0 1.&+ -*+ /'1.,.:2+ &% ,+ =%,.('&+&
3%*3'>,% &%, %34+('. &%=.0+&. &%, /.='/'%*1. %/>0'+:+&.0M %, , ! 3% &%B'*'06
4.0 -*+ (%*%31%3'+ &%, '*@3'1- QN+ 4.0 5.0+ +,1-0+ (.*31+*1% *'*:-*+ '/40%3')*
&% =%,.('&+&NR (./. 3' ,+ %<10+=+:+*('+ &% 3- =.(+(')* (.*3'31'%0+ 40%('3+/%*1% %*
%, /.='/'%*1. %* '0 /63 064'&. L-% ,+ =%,.('&+& + /'1.,.:2+ +>+*&.*+
,+3 '/6:%*%3 &%, 0.(% %<1%0'.0 E +>.0&+ -*+ 4-0+ (%*%31%3'+D %, /.='/'%*1. E+ *. %3
4%0(%4(')* )41'(+ &% ,.3 4-*1.3 E &% ,+3 3-4%0B'('%3M 3% 5+ (.*=%01'&. %* -*+ %34%('%
&% (.*B-3')* =%01'(+, 5%(5+ &% (.*10+&'(('.*%3 .3(-0%('/'%*1.3 1%00.0%3 E

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&%3=+*%('/'%*1.3M E+ *. %3 &%3,'7+/'%*1. 3'*. %310+:. '*1%0'.0 1-0>+(')*

/.*310-.3+ (0'3'3 '*/)=', &% ,+ (.*('%*('+ (.04.0+,
,%:+&. + %31% 4-*1. %3 ,):'(. L-% %, /'1. &%, +='+&.0 4'%0&+ 1.&. 5-/+*'3/.
, 5C0.% &% ,+ =%,.('&+& (,63'(+ 4.&2+ 3%:-'0 3'%*&. -* N>-%* 5./>0%N %* ,+ /%&'&+
%* L-% %, /.='/'%*1. %0+ 4+0+ C, -*+ +(1-+(')* %4'3)&'(+ L-% 3),. 0%L-%02+ (.0+K%D 3%
+*&+>+ 064'&. 4.0 4,+(%0 (./. -* +B'('.*+&. %*1-3'+31+ E *. (./. 40.B%3'.*+,M 3%
>-3(+>+ ,+ N%<('1+(')*N 3% ,,%:+>+ +, /.='/'%*1. (.* -* /.0+,'3/. +*(%310+, L-%
+:-7+>+ ,+ 4%0(%4(')* E 4%0/'12+ %<10+%0 -*+ B',.3.B2+ * ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% ,+
=%,.('&+& (.*3'312+ %* -*+ '*(.04.0+>+ +, +='+&.0 -*+ (+*1'&+& &% 4+4%,%3
5-/+*.3
, , ! %* (+/>'. 4+0%(% L-% E+ *. (.*.(% *' +=%*1-0+ *' &%31'*.M 3),.
0%(.*.(% -*+ (.*&'(')* '*(,-3'=% %31+ (.*&'(')* 4+0%(% 3%0 /63 +*10.4.,):'(+ L-%
5-/+*+D /21'(+/%*1% %, 5./>0%@K%1 3% &%B'*% /%*.3 4.0 3- (.0+K% L-% 4.0 3- 4%3.
3- 0C:'/%* E 3-3 (.31-/>0%3 Q1%/4%0+*('+ B0-:+,'&+& (.*1'*%*('+R -
4+01'(-,+0'&+& 0+('+, 3% ,%% %* 3- /.0B.,.:2+D %, 10+K% +*1'@ &% *E,.* '*B,+>,% E %,
(+3(. 4-,'&. '*3%01+* +, 5./>0%@K%1 %* -*+ 4'%, *-%=+ &.*&% N*' 3'L-'%0+ 3- /+&0%
,. 0%(.*.(%02+N % 10+1+ &% -*+ =%0&+&%0+ (.*=%03')* 0+('+, 1+*1. /63 4,+-3'>,% 4.0
%, 5%(5. &% L-% ,+ ('%*('+@B'((')* E+ 5+ ,%:'1'/+&. +/4,'+/%*1% %3+ 10+*3B%0%*('+ &%
%34%('%3D 1.&. .(-00% (./. 3' 5->'%0+ 5+>'&. -*+ 10+3/-1+(')* >0-3(+ %*10% ,+3
+*1':-+3 (0'+1-0+3 &% ,+ 5-/+*'&+&@5C,'(% E ,+3 *-%=+3 (0'+1-0+3 &% ,+ 5-/+*'&+&@
0%+((')*
* 0%+,'&+& E + 4%3+0 &%, +4+0+1. ('%*12B'(. &% %31+ *-%=+ /'1.,.:2+ 5->. -*
3'/4,% &%34,+7+/'%*1. &% ,. 3+:0+&.D + ,+ %0+ 5+:'.:06B'(+ Q3+*1.3 E /601'0%3 &% ,+
+='+(')*@5C,'(%R 3-(%&% -* 4%02.&. /.*631'(. . L-% %* -* 40'/%0 /./%*1.
+4+0%(% (./. 3'/4,%3 40%3(0'4('.*%3 &'%1C1'(+3 /-E 40.*1. 3% 40%3%*1+ &.1+&. &%
3':*'B'(+(')* 3+(%0&.1+,D (.*1'*%*('+ E 1%/4%0+*('+ +>31%*(')* ,%K.3 &% ,.3 4,+(%0%3
='&+ (./O* =%31'/%*1+ -*'B.0/% 1.&. %* ,+ /'1.,.:2+ &%, 5./>0%@K%1 (.*(-00% +
/+*'B%31+0 ,+ 4,+31'('&+& &% ,+ (+0*% 3- 3-/'3')* + B'*%3 (.,%(1'=.3 Q4O&'(+/%*1%
'/40%('3.3R E %31+ 3-/'3')* K-31+/%*1% %3 ,+ L-% 3% .B0%(% %* 3+(0'B'('. + ,+
3'*:-,+0'&+& 40%31':'.3+ &% -*+ (.*&'(')* '*5-/+*+ + 3.('%&+& 1%0/'*+ 4.0
%*(.*10+0 %* %, 5./>0%@K%1 +, ='%K. 4+(1. 1%.3)B'(. L-% 3'%/40% (./4%*3) ,+ 4.1%*('+
(.* ,+3 +3(%3'3 E L-% 4+:+ ,+ 3%/'&'='*'&+& (.* ,+ /.*%&+ &% ,+ NB%,'('&+&N 5-/+*+
+ 3'1-+(')* &%, , ! 3-4.*% 1+* (,+0+/%*1% -* +34%(1. =.(+('.*+, L-% 3% /-%310+
(./. %, 40%/'. &% /.01'B'(+('.*%3 40%='+3 &% +(1.3 '*'('61'(.3 &%31'*+&.3 + 40.>+0 +,
4.31-,+*1% Q4+3. 4.0 ,+ (6/+0+ &% +,1'1-& 4.0 ,+ (%*10'B-:+&.0+R +31+ %, '*310-(1.0
(+*.3. +*)*'/. % '/4%*%10+>,% 1'%*% %, +34%(1. 4%0B%(1. &%, *%(%3+0'. /'31+:.:.
* (-+*1. + ,+ 0%3'31%*('+ 3% *.3 '*&'(+ *21'&+/%*1% L-% (./. %* 1.&+ '*'('+(')* *.
%3 &% .0&%* B23'(.D %, 10'-*B. 3.>0% ,+3 40-%>+3 +*1%0'.0%3 %3 %* 0%+,'&+& %, B0-1. &%
-* &.* %34'0'1-+, 3% %316 &.1+&. 4+0+ %, K%1 +32 (./. .10.3 3.* ,,+/+&.3 4.0 '.3
.&. %31. 3%02+ >+*+, 3' 3% 10+1+3% &%, 5C0.% 10+&'('.*+, (-E. 40%/'. (.*3'312+ %*
40+(1'(+0 +='+(')* 3'* +>+*&.*+0 3- 5-/+*'&+& Q +'*1@ <-4C0E %3(0'1.0 '*&>%0:5
&% 10+K%R %0. ,+ 4+01'(-,+0'&+& /'1.,):'(+ &%, 5./>0%@K%1 (.*3'31% %* *. (.*3%0=+0
*'*:-*. &% ,.3 %,%/%*1.3 0./6*1'(.3 % '*&'='&-+,'31+3 &% ,+ B-*(')* 3+:0+&+ 3'*
+>+*&.*+0 4.0 %3. ,+ B-*(')* /'3/+ 3'/',+&. 4.0 3- *./>0% + ,+ 4-0+ 4+3'='&+&
QSL-C 4.&02+ 3%0 /63 '*%01% E &%34.3%2&. L-% -* .>K%1. 4 @2 & 0%%*(-%*10+ %,
0'1-+, + 10+=C3 &%, /'1. &% -*+ 0+7+ B'(1'('+ (%,%31% L-% .>1%*&02+ 3-3

W * B0+*(C3 , ' G H

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4+01'(-,+0'&+&%3 &% 3- +3(%3'3 E ,,%=+02+ + (+>. -*+ 3-%01% &% (./40./'3.

+*10.4.,):'(. %*10% 5-/+*.3 E /+0('+*.3 , 5./>0%@K%1 %3 -* 5C0.% 0%'B'(+&. (./.
3' ,.3 5./>0%3 &% 5.E 3),. 4-&'%0+* (.*(%>'0 %, ('%,. 4.>,+&. &% 3%/'.>K%1.3

" "

, :-31. %3 %, :-31.
!
+ /% 5% 0%B%0'&. + ,+ 40%&',%((')* &% ,+ 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ 4.0 ,.3
0+7.*+/'%*1.3 1+-1.,):'(.3 05 %1( R !%+/.3 -*. 5%0/.3.
/-E B0%(-%*1% &%*10. &%, .0&%* &% ,+3 +01%3D N 1+,2+ %3 -*+ 4'%7+ &% +('*%N 0%(.0&)
-*+ +01'31+ &% ,+ ./%&'+ 0+*(%3+ +*1%3 &% 40%3%*1+0 3- *-%=. %34%(16(-,.
*1% 1.&. 5+(% B+,1+ 3%8+,+0 L-% %* ,+ %<40%3')* 3->E+(% -*+ 1'>'+ &%(,+0+(')*
&% :-%00+ Q+ ,.3 N:0+/61'(.3 (.*10.=%03'31+3 +*.1+&.0%3 0%,':'.3.3 %3(0'1.0%3 E
+01'31+3N L-% 5+* (./%*1+&. + +('*%R 3 +>3.,-1+/%*1% ('%01. L-% ,+ 1+-1.,.:2+
3'%/40% 0%3-,1+ +:0%3'=+D 3':*'B'(+ -*+ 0-41-0+ B-0'.3+ %*10% ,+ '*1%,':%*('+ E 3-
.>K%1. ,+ +/%*+7+ +00.:+*1% &% -* .0&%* &.*&% *. %<'31'02+ %, 4%*3+/'%*1.
-%310.3 1+-1),.:.3 3.* (./. +/.3 L-% 1'0+* >0-3(+/%*1% &% ,+ (+&%*+ &%, 4%00.D
*. %3 *%(%3+0'. L-% %, 4%*3+/'%*1. +/4,2% 3- (+/4. %, /-*&. %316 ,,%*. &%
(.+01+&+3 3.34%(5.3+3 E =+*+3 5+(% B+,1+ /+*1%*%0 (.01+3 ,+3 %*1%*&%&%0+3 0%&-('0
,+ (+&%*+ + ,+ &'31+*('+ &% -*+ 0%+,'&+& (./4-@1+>,% S 3' -*. 3% 4-3'%0+ + 4%*3+0 %*
+('*%T 0+=% +/%*+7+D %, 1+-1.,.:. (.01+ (.* 0+>'+ 1.&. ,. L-% (0%(% %* 3- (.*1.0*.
E L-% 4.&02+ 3.B.(+0,.
* ,+ &%(,+0+(')* &% *-%310+ +01'31+ 3% 0%(.*.(% %, ,%*:-+K% &% %3% %*%/':.
B+/','+0 (.* %, L-% *.3 5%/.3 1.4+&. (.* B0%(-%*('+D %, +*1''*1%,%(1-+,'3/. %
(.*.(% %, 3.*3.*%1%D &%/+3'+&+ '*1%,':%*('+ &+8+ ,+ B',.3.B2+ %3 -*+ K%0:+ %3
*%(%3+0'. 0%3%0=+0 ,-:+0 +, 3%*1'/'%*1. + ,+ '*1-'(')* + ,+ '*.(%*('+ + ,+ 3'/4,'('&+&
%, +01% /-%0% 4.0 &%/+3'+&+ '*1%,%(1-+,'&+& ,+ '*1%,':%*('+ *. %3 -*+ (-+,'&+& &%
+01'31+ ,.3 /%K.0%3 (0%+&.0%3 3.* %/420'(.3 ,+ .>0+ &% +01% %3(+4+ +, 3'31%/+ %*
0%3-/%*D ,+ (%0%>0+,'&+& %3 %31C0', ./. %3 3+>'&. ,+ :-%00+ (.*10+ ,+ '*1%,':%*('+ 3%
%/40%*&% 3'%/40% %* *./>0% &%, E &% ,. L-% 3% 10+1+ %* %, B.*&. %3 &%
+4,'(+0 + +('*% %3% 1'4. &% N(./40%*3')*N 4.-K+&'31+ &% ,+ L-% E+ 5%/.3 5+>,+&.
32 (./. ,+ %(.*./2+ :%*%0+, &% 0+*('+ *. %3 /63 L-% -* %*3-%8. B0%*1% +, 3'31%/+
B'3(+, B0+*(C3 O*'(+ 0%+,'&+& &%=%,+&+ 4.0 %, >-%* 3%*1'&. &% .-K+&% ,+ 5'31.0'+ &%
,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ E &%, 4%*3+/'%*1. E (.* /+E.0 0+7)* ,+ 5'31.0'+ + 3%(+3 *. %3 /63 L-%
-* B+*1+3/+ '*1%,%(1-+, B0%*1% + -* +('*% 1.1+,/%*1% 3'/4,% 1+* N(.*(0%1.N (./. %,
0C:'/%* &%, '/4-%31.
* (-+*1. +, +*1''*1%,%(1-+,'3/. *-%310.3 1+-1),.:.3 1+/>'C* (.*3%0=+* %,
0%(-03. &% ,+ '*.(%*('+ 0%1%*&%* =%0 /%K.0 +, +-1C*1'(. +('*% +0/+&.3 &% -*+
&'='*+ 3'/4,'('&+&M %, ='%K. 1%/+ %3.1C0'(. %3 /-E (.*.('&.D ,+ ='0:%* %, *'8. ,.3
3%0%3 3'/4,%3 E 4-0.3 1'%*%* -*+ (,+0'='&%*('+ 3-4%0'.0 * %, (+3. &% +('*% %31+
'*=.(+(')* + ,+ N3'/4,'('&+&N 1'%*% -* &.>,% 4.&%0 &% (.+01+&+D 4.0 -*+ 4+01% 3%
.4.*% + ,+3 =+*'&+&%3 &% ,+ %<C:%3'3 '*1%,%(1-+, E 4.0 .10+ (.3+ *. .>31+*1% 4.(.
4-%31+ %* &-&+ 3% 0%'='*&'(+ 4+0+ +('*% %, &%34.K+@/'%*1. %31C1'(. Q,+ B+/.3+
4-0%7+ 0+('*'+*+R L-% %<':% + 1.&.3 +L-%,,.3 L-% 3% ,% +40.<'/+* Q+0'+D
$ 2
'*+,/%*1% &%*10. &% ,+ 1+-1.,.:2+ &% *-%310+ (./%&'+*1% 3% %*(-%*10+ +,:.
/63D ,. L-% 4.&02+ ,,+/+03% %, /'1. &%, 5+,,+7:. (021'(. -%310.3 (021'(.3

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%3%*('+,'31+3 4+3+* %, 1'%/4. >-3(+*&. ,+ N=%0&+&N &% ,.3 :%*'.3 &%, 4+3+&.M 4+0+
%,,.3 ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ %3 -*+ =+31+ 1'%*&+ &% .>K%1.3 4%0&'&.3 + &.*&% 3% =+ &% 4%3(+
+&'% 3+>% ,. L-% +,,2 3% %*(-%*10+ E ,+ /+E.0 =%*1+K+ &%, /C1.&. 1+-1.,):'(. %3
40%('3+/%*1% *. 1%*%0 L-% &%('0,. .0 .10+ 4+01% *-%310.3 1+-1),.:.3 3% 3%*1'02+*
/-E /.,%31.3 3' 1-='%0+* L-% +=+*7+0 /63D +('*% 3.,. %, :0+&. (%0. &% +('*% *.
%<'31% ),. %<'31% +('*%@+&K%1'=.3D +('*%@4.%32+ 4-0+ +('*%@,+*:.31+
Q .*15%0,+*1R +('*%@>'>,'+ Q%, &% ,+ 3%8.0+ !%0+ Z.0C*%R +('*%@4+3')* +('*%@
4'*1+@+@,.3@5./>0%3@1+,@(./.@3.* %1( * 0%3-/%* +('*% 3'%/40% %3 +,:. /63 L-%
+('*% E %3. 5+(% >'%* ',-3.0'+ ,+ 1+-1.,.:2+ 0+('*'+*+ .0 ,. /%*.3 4.&%/.3
(./40%*&%0 ,. L-% 1+, '*3':*'B'(+*('+ %* ,+ &%B'*'(')* +4.01+ + L-'%*%3 ,+ >,+*&%*
:,.0'.3+/%*1%D -*+ %34%('% &% 5-/',&% 3+,=+(')* C1'(+ ,+ 3+1'3B+((')* &% 5+>%0
/','1+&. %* B+=.0 &% -*+ =%0&+& &% +('*% 3'* 1%*%0 L-% +3-/'0 *'*:-*. &% ,.3
0'%3:.3 L-% B+1+,/%*1% 3-4.*% 1.&+ '*=%31':+(')* +,:. 4.3'1'=+ &% ,+ =%0&+& +
1+-1.,.:2+ &'34%*3+ &% 1%*%0 '&%+3 4%0. +, /'3/. 1'%/4. 3% +:0+*&+ % '*1%*1+ 5+(%0
&% %3+ ,'(%*('+ -*+ &-0+ ,%E /.0+,M &% +,,2 40.='%*% 3- C<'1.D ,+ 4%0%7+ %3 40./.='&+
+, 0+*:. &% 0':.0 +('*% %3 +('*%D 3%:-0'&+& +&/'0+>,% &% ,+ *+&+

+ $ " - &# # "- "

+*1.3 /'3'.*%0.3 *.3 5+* 0%B%0'&. ,+3 (.31-/>0%3 0%,':'.3+3 &% ,.3
N40'/'1'=.3N L-% %3 =%0&+&%0+/%*1% ,+/%*1+>,% L-% %* %, !%,)&0./. &% *='%0*. *.
3% %*(.*10+0+ -* 5%(5'(%0. 4+4-+ 4+0+ (.*1+0*.3 + 3- =%7 ,+ (%0%/.*'+ 40%3'&'&+
4.0 %, 0 0+5+/ >+K. %, *./>0% &% (+/4+8+ &% %=+*:%,'7+(')* . .>31+*1% 5+E
+,,2 -* 5%0/.3. /+1%0'+, +*10.4.,):'(. L-% 4+0%(% 5%0%&+&. &% ,.3 (-,1.3 N3+,=+K%3N
4-%3 3% =-%,=%* + %*(.*10+0 %* B.0/+ '*/%&'+1+ ,+3 10%3 :0+*&%3 B+3%3 &% 1.&. +(1.
0%,':'.3.D ,+ %<4%(1+1'=+ ,+ 3-:%31')* E ,+ '*'('+(')* ',,E 0+5+/ 3% 5+(% %34%0+0D
(6*1'(.3 '*=.(+('.*%3 /', &'3(-03'1.3 '*O1',%3 (.*B'+&.3 + 4+31.0%3 (./4+03+3 . +
%/40%3+0'.3 *.01%+/%0'(+*.3 Q40%3%*1+(')* K.='+, &% ,+ (./4+82+D %, 4'+*'31+ /'15
&% .0.*1. %, 3.,'31+ %=%0,%E &% 5'(+:. %* ,,'*.'3 N+01'31+ &% ,+ +&'. +/%0'(+*+
L-% (+*1+ %, =+*:%,'. &% -*+ /+*%0+ /+0+=',,.3+NR %* B'* 1.&. -* >+1'B.*&.
40%(%&% +, 0 0+5+/ L-% 3'%/40% %3 +*-*('+&. E L-% *-*(+ +4+0%(% ,,2 %316
B'*+,/%*1%M 4%0. 4+0+ 10+*3B%0'0 /%K.0 ,+ (-0'.3'&+& 4-%3 3- 40'/%0 &'3(-03. *. %3 %,
=%0&+&%0.D 3),. 40%4+0+ ,+ =%*'&+ &%, , 10.3 '*1%0/%&'.3 40.,.*:+* +O* /63
,+ %<4%(1+(')* (+,'%*1+* ,+ 3+,+ B'K+* 4.0 +&%,+*1+&. -*+ '/4.01+*('+ 40.BC1'(+ + %3%
/%*3+K% L-% 3%:O* ,+3 /%K.0%3 10+&'('.*%3 &%, %34%(16(-,. (./'%*7+ 4.0 5+(%03%
&%3%+0 4+0+ (.>0+0 ,-%:. %<'31%*('+ (.* /63 B+(','&+&
* %31+ 40'/%0+ B+3% &% ,+ (%0%/.*'+ 3% 0%(.*.(% %3% :0+* 0%3.01% 3.('.,):'(.
L-% %3 ,+ %<4%(1+1'=+ E+ %31-&'+&. 4.0 +-33 E &%, L-% %* +023 5%/.3 1%*'&. -*
%K%/4,. /.&%0*23'/. (.* ,+3 3%3'.*%3 &% 5'4*.1'3/. &%, 0+* .>%01 ,,2 1+/>'C*
3% 0%10+3+>+ %, /+E.0 1'%/4. 4.3'>,% ,+ +4+0'(')* &%, /+:. E + 10+=C3 &% 0%4%1'&+3
3'/-,+('.*%3 3% (0%+>+ %* %, 4O>,'(. %3+ '*L-'%1+*1% (-0'.3'&+& 1.1+,/%*1% &'34-%31+
+ =%0 0%+,/%*1% ,. L-% 3% 5+(% %34%0+0 L-2 &%3&% %, 40'/%0 /'*-1. ',,E 0+5+/
%3 40%3%*1+&. (./. -* =%0&+&%0. 40.B%1+ E 3% 3-4,'(+ +, 3420'1- &% '.3 L-% L-'%0+
&%3(%*&%0 + 10+=C3 &% C, %34%('+,/%*1% %31+ *.(5%D %, L-% =+ + 5+>,+0 %3 -*
'*34'0+&. %, 4O>,'(. %316 '*='1+&. +, %34%(16(-,. &% -*+ 4.3%3')* E 3% ,% 3.,'('1+ 4.0
+&%,+*1+&. L-% 1./% ,'1%0+,/%*1% (./. &'3(-03. &'='*. ,+3 4+,+>0+3 &% ',,E
0+5+/

AA
Roland Barthes Mitologías

' '.3 5+>,+ =%0&+&%0+/%*1% 4.0 >.(+ &%, 0 0+5+/ 5+E L-% 0%(.*.(%0 L-%
'.3 %3 >+31+*1% 1.*1.D %, /%*3+K% +3./>0+ 4.0 3- (5+1-0+ 3- '*B+*1','3/. * 1.&.
(+3. 0%3-,1+ %='&%*1% L-% '.3 *. %3 /63 1./'31+ ,% 0%4-:*+ B-%01%/%*1% ,+ ,):'(+D %,
/%*3+K% %316 (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 -*+ /%10+,,+ &% +B'0/+('.*%3 &'3(.*1'*-+3 3'* *%<. &%
*'*:-*+ %34%('% L-% 3),. 1'%*%* -* (.*1%*'&. 1+-1.,):'(. 08 8 2 -+,L-'%0
5%0/+*. /+0'31+ . %, 4+31.0 /63 +(+&C/'(. +4+0%(%02+* (./. '*1%,%(1-+,%3
&%(+&%*1%3 +, ,+&. &%, 0 0+5+/ ,:-*.3 4%0'.&'31+3 (.*B-*&'&.3 4.0 %,
&%(.0+&. 5-:.*.1% &% ,+ (%0%/.*'+ Q(6*1'(.3 4,%:+0'+ 3%0/)* >%*&'(')*R
+&.0/%('&.3 4.0 ,+ (./4-*(')* ,%*'1'=+ 40.4'+ &%, (-,1. 40.1%31+*1% +,+>+0.* +, 0
0+5+/ E + 3- %L-'4. 4.0 3- /%3-0+D 3% %34%0+>+ -* +/%0'(+*'3/. %<+:%0+&. :'0,3
K+77 /%16B.0+3 K.='+,%3 E /.&%0*'31+3 Q&% 1.&.3 /.&.3 5->. +,:. &% %3.R '* &-&+
',,E 0+5+/ 5+ &%4-0+&. 3- 3%3')* &% 1.&. 4'*1.0%3L-'3/. E ,.3 40.1%31+*1%3
B0+*(%3%3 4-&'%0.* 0%(-4%0+0,. 3. *. '/4'&% L-% ,+3 /+*%0+3 &% ',,E 0+5+/
0./4+* (.* ,+ 10+&'(')* &%, 3%0/)* (+1),'(+ . 40.1%31+*1% 5%0%&+&+ &% ,+ (-,1-0+
+*1':-+ E L-% %<':% 4%03-+&'0 , (0'31'+*'3/. .(('&%*1+, 3'%/40% 3% 5+ 3./%1'&. %*
3- %<4.3'(')* +, /+0(. :%*%0+, &%, 4%*3+/'%*1. +0'31.1C,'(. 3'%/40% 5+ +(%41+&.
B-*&+03% %* ,+ 0+7)* '*(,-3'=% (-+*&. 3% 10+1+ &% ,%:'1'/+0 ,. '00+('.*+, &% ,+ B%
./4'%*&. (.* 3':,.3 &% 5-/+*'3/. Q+-*L-% 3-3 B.0/+3 5+E+* 4.&'&. 3%0 5-%(+3 .
%31%0%.1'4+&+3 %, (-'&+&. 4.0 ,+ 3->K%1'='&+& &%, .10. 4.(+3 =%(%3 %31-=. +-3%*1% &%,
&'&+(1'3/. (0'31'+*.R %, 0 0+5+/ *.3 +4.01+ -* /C1.&. &% 10+*3B.0/+(')*
/6:'(+D 3-31'1-E% ,+ 4%03-+3')* 4.0 ,+ 3-:%31')*D ,+ 40%3')* &% ,+ 4+,+>0+ ,+ ./'3')*
3'31%/61'(+ &% 1.&. (.*1%*'&. 0+('.*+, %* ,+ 40.4.3'(')* ,+ 0-41-0+ 4%0/+*%*1% &%
,.3 *%<.3 ,):'(.3 ,+3 0%4%1'('.*%3 =%0>+,%3 %, 3%8+,+/'%*1. :0+*&',.(-%*1% &% ,+
'>,'+ .B0%('&+ (.* ,.3 >0+7.3 %<1%*&'&.3 (./. 3' B-%0+ %, +>0%,+1+3 4+0+ 1.&. -3. &%
-* (5+0,+16* &% B%0'+ E 3.>0% 1.&. ,+ B+,1+ &% (+,'&%7 %, &%340%('. /+*'B'%31. 4.0 ,.3
&%/63 1.&+3 %31+3 .4%0+('.*%3 B.0/+* 4+01% &%, /+1%0'+, (,63'(. &% ,+ 5'4*.3'3 &%
/-3'(@5+,, %4'1.D *. 5+E *'*:-*+ &'B%0%*('+ %*10% ',,E 0+5+/ E %, 0+* .>%01
+32 (./. %, 0+* .>%01 1%0/'*+>+ %, N10+1+/'%*1.N &% 3- 4O>,'(. (.* -*+
3%,%((')* 4+01'(-,+0 3%8+,+*&. E 5+('%*&. 3->'0 + 3- ,+&. 3.>0% ,+ %3(%*+ + ,.3
%,%:'&.3 &% ,+ 5'4*.3'3 (.*B'+*&. + +,:-*.3 40'=',%:'+&.3 ,+ 0%34.*3+>','&+& &%
/.310+0 -* +&.0/%('/'%*1. %34%(1+(-,+0 ',,E 0+5+/ (.0.*+ 3- /%*3+K% (.* -*+
3%:0%:+(')* /+1%0'+, &% ,.3 (.*=.(+&.3D ,.3 *%)B'1.3 L-% %3+ *.(5% %* %, !%,)&0./.
&% *='%0*. %*10% ,+3 40.4+:+*&+3 &% ,+ -4%0 '3.,-(')* E &%, .8+( .,':*+(
N0%('>'%0.* + 0'31.N 4.0 +((')* &%, /%*3+K% /6:'(. 3% &'0':%* + -*+ 3+,+ +4+01% %
'*(,-3'=% 3' 3.* &% ,%*:-+ '*:,%3+ + -*+ (0'41+ +O* /63 3%(0%1+ .(. '/4.01+ ,. L-%
+,,2 .(-00%D '*3(0'4(')* %* ,'31+3 &% (.*=%03')* *-%=.3 3%0/.*%3 (.*=%03+('.*%3
%34'0'1-+,%3 (.* ,.3 N(.*3%K%0.3N . %*(-%31+3 ,. L-% '*1%0%3+ %3 L-% %3% *-%=.
%4'3.&'. (.*31'1-E% %, %L-'=+,%*1% B.0/+, &% ,+ '*'('+(')*
.&. %31. *.3 (.*('%0*% /-E &'0%(1+/%*1%D +*1% 1.&. %, NC<'1.N &% ',,E
0+5+/ /+*'B'%31+ ,+ B0+:','&+& /%*1+, &% ,+ 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ B0+*(%3+ (,+3%
&.*&% 3%:O* 4+0%(% 3% 0%(,-1+ ,+ /+E.0 4+01% &%, 4O>,'(. &% %3+3 3%3'.*%3D ,+
+&+41+(')* &% %3% 4O>,'(. + B.0/+3 &% 4%*3+/'%*1. +,):'(+3 % 5'4*)1'(+3 3-:'%0%
L-% %* %3% :0-4. 3.('+, %<'31% ,. L-% 3% 4.&02+ ,,+/+0 -*+ 3'1-+(')* &% +=%*1-0+D -*+
4+01% &% ,+ 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ B0+*(%3+ E+ *' 3'L-'%0+ %316 40.1%:'&+ 4.0 3- B+/.3.
N>-%* 3%*1'&.N L-% %3 ,+ B.0/+ +:0%3'=+ &% 3- (.*('%*('+ &% (,+3% %0. %3. *. %3
1.&.D ',,E 0+5+/ E 3- %L-'4. '*3'31'%0.* (.* B-%07+ E %* *-/%0.3+3 .4.01-*'&+&%3
3.>0% %, .>K%1'=. &% %31+ (+/4+8+D N&%34%01+0N + 0+*('+ QN %/.3 ='31. + '.3 5+(%0
:0+*&%3 (.3+3 %* .01%+/C0'(+M -* &%34%01+0 %* +023 1%*&02+ -*+ '*B,-%*('+ '*/%*3+

A?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3.>0% %, /-*&. %*1%0. N @ N -%310. &%3%. %3 L-% %* +023 4+3% +,:. L-% 1%*:+
0%4%0(-3'.*%3 3.>0% %, /-*&. %*1%0.NR '* ,-:+0 + &-&+3 ,+ )41'(+ %3 ':-+, + ,+ &%
'3%*5.\%0 %* 3-3 &%(,+0+('.*%3 3.>0% %, +1%23/. &% ,.3 B0+*(%3%3 0+*('+ 3%
0%(.*.(% %* %, /-*&. 4.0 3- 0+('.*+,'3/. 3- '*&'B%0%*('+ +*1% ,+ B% ,+ '00%,':'.3'&+&
&% 3-3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 Q1%/+ (./O* + .01%+/C0'(+ E +, !+1'(+*.M 1%/+ 4.0 ,. &%/63
1.1+,/%*1% %<+:%0+&.RM C3% %3 %, /+, 3-%8. &%, (-+, %3 *%(%3+0'. &%34%01+0,+ +
N(.*=%03')*N &% +023 1%*&02+ %='&%*1%/%*1% %, =+,.0 &% -* %K%/4,. /-*&'+,D %,
+1%23/. &%00.1+&. 4.0 ,+ 0%,':')* %* 3- /'3/+ :-+0'&+
./. 3% 3+>% &% ,. L-% 3% 10+1+ %* 0%+,'&+& %3 &% -* 1%/+ 4.,21'(.D %, +1%23/.
&% 0+*('+ 3),. '*1%0%3+ + .01%+/C0'(+ 4.0L-% 4+0+ %,,+ %3 %, 0.310. L-% +*1%(%&% +,
(./-*'3/. N %34%01+0N + 0+*('+ &%, +1%23/. %3 &%34%01+0,+ &% ,+ B+3('*+(')*
(./-*'31+ + (+/4+8+ &% ',,E 0+5+/ *. 5+ 3'&. /63 L-% -* %4'3.&'. /+(+01'31+

% # % .

, 40.(%3. + C0+0& -40'%7 QL-% +3%3'*) + 3- 4+&0% E + 3- /+&0% 3'* /)=',

(.*.('&.R /-%310+ (+>+,/%*1% ,+3 (.*10+&'(('.*%3 :0.3%0+3 %* L-% 3% %*('%00+
*-%310+ K-31'('+ .*10+&'(('.*%3 &%>'&+3 +, 5%(5. &% L-% ,+ 5'31.0'+ +=+*7+
&%3':-+,/%*1%D ,+ '&%+ &%, 5./>0% 5+ (+/>'+&. /-(5. %* ,.3 O,1'/.3 ('%*1.
('*(-%*1+ +8.3 5+* +4+0%('&. ('%*('+3 *-%=+3 &% %<4,.0+(')* 43'(.,):'(+ 4%0. %31+
40./.(')* 4+0('+, &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ *. 5+ +4.01+&. +O* *'*:O* (+/>'. %* %, 3'31%/+ &%
,+3 K-31'B'(+('.*%3 4%*+,%3 4.0L-% ,+ K-31'('+ %3 -*+ %/+*+(')* &'0%(1+ &%, %31+&. E
*-%310. %31+&. *. 5+ (+/>'+&. &% +/.3 &%3&% ,+ 40./-,:+(')* &%, ()&':. 4%*+,
%3-,1+ 4-%3 L-% %, (0'/%* 3'%/40% %316 4.0 ,+ K-31'('+ 3%:O* ,+3
*.0/+3 &% ,+ 43'(.,.:2+ (,63'(+D %, 5%(5. 3),. %<'31% (./. %,%/%*1. &% -*+
0+('.*+,'&+& ,'*%+, &%>% 3%0 A &% .10+ /+*%0+ 4'%0&% 3- %3%*('+ *. 3% ,. 4-%&%
0%(.*.(%0 +0+ 4.&%0 *./>0+0 %, :%31. &% C0+0& -40'%7 %0+ *%(%3+0'. %*(.*10+0,%
-* .0':%*M %, 40.(%3. %* (.*3%(-%*('+ 3% &%&'() + ,+ >O3L-%&+ &% -*+ (+-3+ 4.0
4%L-%8+ L-% B-%0+M 4+0+&)K'(+/%*1% + ,+ &%B%*3+ *. ,% L-%&+>+ .10+ (.3+ L-%
0%(,+/+0 4+0+ %3% (0'/%* -*+ 3-%01% &% %31+&. +>3.,-1. 40'=+&. &% 1.&+ (+,'B'(+(')*
5+(%0 &% C, 40%('3+/%*1% -*
+ +(-3+(')* 4.0 3- 4+01% 5+>2+ %*(.*10+&. -* /)=', Q&%3/%*1'&. &%
'*/%&'+1. 4.0 ,.3 1%31':.3R D ,.3 4+&0%3 &% C0+0& -40'%7 3% 5+>02+* .4-%31. + 3-
/+10'/.*'. E 4.0 %3. C, ,.3 5+>2+ /+1+&. %*%/.3 4-%3 +*1% *.3.10.3 -* %K%/4,.
&% ,. L-% ,+ K-31'('+ (.*3'&%0+ (+-3+,'&+& (0'/'*+,D ,.3 4+&0%3 &%, +3%3'*. 3.*
.(+3'.*+,/%*1% -* %31.0>.M C, ,.3 /+1+ 4+0+ 3-40'/'0 %, .>316(-,. '*(,-3'=% 3' ,.3
/+1+ 4.0 (),%0+ %31+ (),%0+ *. &%K+ &% 3%0 -* %31+&. 0+('.*+, 4-%31. L-% 3'0=%
&'0%(1+/%*1% 4+0+ +,:. Q,. L-% 3':*'B'(+ L-% + ,.3 .K.3 &% ,+ K-31'('+ ,.3 5%(5.3
43'(.,):'(.3 *. 3.* (./4%*3+1.0'.3 . ='*(-,+&.3 + ,. 43'(.+*+,21'(. 3'*. 3'%/40%
-1','1+0'.3 ='*(-,+&.3 + ,. %(.*)/'(.R
+31+ 4-%3 (.* L-% %, :%31. 3%+ +>310+(1+/%*1% O1', 4+0+ L-% %, (0'/%* 0%('>+
-* *./>0% + +(-3+(')* +&/'1') %, 0%(5+7. +, /+10'/.*'. &% C0+0& -40'%7 3),.
(./. /.1.0 &% -* %31+&. (+3' &%/%*1% ,+ (),%0+M 4.(. '/4.01+ L-% 0+('.*+,/%*1%
Q(.* %3+ /'3/+ 0+('.*+,'&+& L-% 5+(% -* '*31+*1% B-*&+>+ %, (0'/%*R %, (0'/'*+, *.
4-&'%0+ %34%0+0 &% 3- +(1. *'*:O* >%*%B'('. Q%, /+10'/.*'. 3% &%310-E% (.* /63
3%:-0'&+& 4.0 %, +3%3'*+1. &% ,.3 4+&0%3 L-% 4.0 ,+ 0%3'31%*('+ &% %,,.3 + +(%41+0,.
4-%3 C0+0& -40'%7 *. 5+ 5%(5. *+&+ 4.0 .(-,1+0 3- (0'/%*R % (.*3'&%0+

A"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3+1'3B+(1.0'+ -*+ (+-3+,'&+& +/4-1+&+D ,. L-% '*1%0%3+ %3 L-% ,+ (),%0+ &% -40'%7
%31C /.1'=+&+ %* 3- .0':%* *. %* 3- %B%(1.M 3% 3-4.*% L-% %, (0'/'*+, 4.3%% -*+
/%*1+,'&+& 3-B'('%*1%/%*1% ,):'(+ (./. 4+0+ (.*(%>'0 ,+ -1','&+& +>310+(1+ &% 3-
(0'/%* 4%0. *. 3-3 (.*3%(-%*('+3 0%+,%3 '(5. &% .10. /.&. >+31+ L-% ,+ &%/%*('+
1%*:+ -* .0':%* 4 4+0+ L-% 3% ,+ 4-%&+ (+,'B'(+0 (./. (0'/%* + 5% '*&'(+&.
+ 40.4)3'1. &%, 40.(%3. ./'*'(' ,+ (+0+(1%0231'(+ &% ,+ 0+7)* 4%*+,D %3 &% .0&%*
N43'(.,):'(.N E 4.0 ,. /'3/. N,'1%0+0'+N
.3 43'L-'+10+3 + 3- 1-0*. *. +&/'1'%0.* L-% -* (0'/%* '*%<4,'(+>,% &%K% 4.0
%,,. &% 3%0 -* (0'/%*M /+*1-='%0.* ,+ 1.1+, 0%34.*3+>','&+& &%, +(-3+&. ,. (-+, +
40'/%0+ ='31+ 3% .4.*% + ,+3 40-%>+3 4%*+,%3 10+&'('.*+,%3D 4+0+ ,.3 43'L-'+10+3 ,+
+-3%*('+ &% (+-3+,'&+& *. '/4'&% %* +>3.,-1. (+,'B'(+0 (./. (0'/%* +, +3%3'*+1.
+0+&)K'(+/%*1% %* %31% (+3. %3 K-31+/%*1% ,+ 43'L-'+102+ ,+ L-% &%B'%*&% ,+ '&%+ &%
-* (.*10., +>3.,-1. &% 32 /'3/. E ,% +&K-&'(+ ,+ (-,4+ +, (0'/'*+, +-* B-%0+ &% ,.3
,2/'1%3 &% ,+ 0+7)* + K-31'('+ Q,+ +(-3+(')*R B-*&+ %, (0'/%* %* ,+ (+-3+ E /+0:'*+
&% %31+ /+*%0+ ,+ 4.3'>,% 4+01% L-% 3% 4-&'%0+ +(5+(+0 + ,+ &%/%*('+M ,+ 43'L-'+102+
4.0 3- 4+01% 4.0 ,. /%*.3 ,+ 43'L-'+102+ .B'('+, 4+0%(% L-%0%0 0%10.10+%0 ,. /63
4.3'>,% ,+ &%B'*'(')* &% ,+ ,.(-0+ *. +(-%0&+ *'*:O* =+,.0 + ,+ &%1%0/'*+(')* E
0%%*(-%*10+ ,+ ='%K+ (+1%:.02+ 1%.,):'(+ &%, ,'>0% +,>%&02.M %* %, 40.(%3. -40'%7 ,+
43'L-'+102+ &%3%/4%8+ %, 4+4%, &% ,+ ':,%3'+ L-% &%K+ %* /+*.3 &% ,.3 ,+'(.3 Q,+
K-31'('+R + ,.3 +(-3+&.3 L-% %,,+ *. 4-%&% 0%(-4%0+0 4.0L-% *. ,.:0+ '*(,-'0,.3 %*
*'*:-*+ &% 3-3 N(+1%:.02+3NM (0%+ '*(,-3'=% 4+0+ %31% .>K%1. -*+ (+1%:.02+ 40'=+1'=+
4-0+/%*1% *./'*+,D ,+ 4%0=%03')* 0%*1% + -*+ K-31'('+ *+('&+ %* ,+ C4.(+
>-0:-%3+ +&'%310+&+ %* (.*3%(-%*('+ 4+0+ 0+('.*+,'7+0 %, /-*&. (./. 0%+((')* + ,.
+0>'10+0'. Q&'='*. . /.*60L-'(.R E L-% &%K+ =%0 +O* P%* %31+&. &% 5-%,,+
+*+(0)*'(+P %, 4+4%, 40.:0%3'31+ L-% 4-&. &%3%/4%8+0 ,+ 43'L-'+102+ .B'('+, 0%3(+1+
,+ 1+* +*1':-+ '&%+ &% -*+ 4%0=%03')* 0%34.*3+>,% (-E+ (.*&%*+ &%>% 3%0 '*&'B%0%*1%
+ 1.&. %3B-%07. &% %<4,'(+(')* * =%7 &% '*1%*1+0 +/4,'+0 3- &./'*'. ,+ 43'L-'+102+
,%:+, %*=2+ +, =%0&-:. &%/%*1%3 L-% ,+ K-31'('+ /63 0+('.*+, +-*L-% 1'/.0+1+
40%B%0'02+ %* %, /%K.0 &% ,.3 (+3.3 +>+*&.*+0 +,%3 3.* +,:-*+3 &% ,+3
(.*10+&'(('.*%3 &%, 40.(%3. -40'%7D %*10% ,+ K-31'('+ E ,+ &%B%*3+M %*10% ,+ 43'L-'+102+
E ,+ K-31'('+M %*10% ,+ &%B%*3+ E ,+ 43'L-'+102+ 10+3 (.*10+&'(('.*%3 %<'31%* %* %, 3%*.
/'3/. &% (+&+ -*. &% %3.3 4.&%0%3D ,+ K-31'('+ (./. 3% 5+ ='31. &'3.('+*&.
'00+('.*+,/%*1% ,+ (+-3+ &%, B'* ,,%:+ + %<(-3+0 -* (0'/%* 4.0 ,+ 40.4.0(')* &% 3-
/.*310-.3'&+&M ,+ 43'L-'+102+ ,%:+, 0%*-*('+ =.,-*1+0'+/%*1% + 3- 40.4'. .>K%1. E
%*=2+ %, +3%3'*. +, =%0&-:. K-31. %* %, /./%*1. %* L-% ,+3 ('%*('+3 43'(.,):'(+3 3%
40%.(-4+* (0%('%*1%/%*1% &% -*+ /+E.0 4.0(')* &%, 5./>0%M E ,+ 40.4'+ &%B%*3+
4.0 3- 4+01% =+(',+ %*10% ,+ 0%'='*&'(+(')* &% -*+ " 4 L-%
(.*3'&%0+02+ + (+&+ (0'/'*+, (./. -* &%/%*1% E ,+ 5'4)1%3'3 &% -*+ NB-%07+N /6:'(+
L-% 5+>02+ '*=%31'&. -40'%7 (./. %* ,.3 /%K.0%3 1'%/4.3 &% ,+ 5%(5'(%02+ Q+,%:+1.
&% ,+ 0+ +-0'(% +0(.*R

/ 3 %

%*%='C=% %00%+- %* 3- ,'>0. 3.>0% 0%(51 0%(.0&+>+ +L-%,,+ B.1.:0+B2+ &%

%* ,+ L-% 3% =% -*+ %3(%*+ &% %K%(-(')* &% (./-*'31+3 :-+1%/+,1%(.3M 3%8+,+>+
(.00%(1+/%*1% L-% %3+ B.1.:0+B2+ *. %3 1%00'>,% %* 32 E L-% %, 5.00.0 40.='%*% &%,
5%(5. &% L-% &%3&% %, 3%*. &% *-%310+ ,'>%01+&M -*+ %<4.3'(')* &%

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

B.1.3@'/4+(1.3 %* ,+ :+,%02+ &I 03+E &% ,+3 (-+,%3 /-E 4.(+3 40%('3+/%*1% ,.:0+0.*
'/4+(1+0*.3 &'. 0+7)* 4+0+&)K'(+/%*1% + ,+ .>3%0=+(')* &% %*%='C=% %00%+-D *.
%3 3-B'('%*1% L-% %, B.1):0+B. $" ,. 5.00'>,% 4+0+ L-% *.3.10.3 ,.
%<4%0'/%*1%/.3 (./. 1+, + /+E.02+ &% ,+3 B.1.:0+B2+3 0%-*'&+3 %* ,+ %<4.3'(')*
4+0+ (5.(+0*.3 *. *.3 40.&-(% *'*:O* %B%(1. 40%('3+/%*1% 4.0L-% %, B.1):0+B. *.3
5+ 3-31'1-'&. &% /.&. &%/+3'+&. :%*%0.3. %* ,+ (.*B.0/+(')* &% 3- 1%/+D %* (+3'
1.&.3 ,.3 (+3.3 %, 5.00.0 L-% *.3 40.4.*% +8+&'%*&. +, 5%(5. 4.0
(.*10+31%3 . +40.<'/+('.*%3 %, ,%*:-+K% '*1%*('.*+, &%, 5.00.0 *+ B.1.:0+B2+ 4.0
%K%/4,. (.,.(+ -* :0-4. &% 3.,&+&.3 +, ,+&. &% -* (+/4. (->'%01. &% (+>%7+3 &%
/-%01.3M .10+ *.3 40%3%*1+ + -* K.=%* /','1+0 /'0+*&. -* %3L-%,%1.M .10+ %* B'*
(+41+ -*+ (.,-/*+ &% (.*&%*+&.3 . &% 40'3'.*%0.3 %* %, /./%*1. %* L-% 3% (0-7+
(.* -* 0%>+8. &% (+0*%0.3 %0. *'*:-*+ &% %3+3 B.1.:0+B2+3 0%+,'7+&+3 (.* 1+*1+
&%310%7+ *.3 ,,%:+ 0%*1% + %,,+3 %31+/.3 (./. &%34.3%2&.3 &% *-%310. K-'('.D
+,:-'%* 3% 5+ %310%/%('&. 4.0 *.3.10.3 +,:-'%* 5+ 0%B,%<'.*+&. 4.0 *.3.10.3
+,:-'%* 5+ K-7:+&. 4.0 *.3.10.3M %, B.1):0+B. *. *.3 5+ &%K+&. *+&+ 3+,=. -* 3'/4,%
&%0%(5. &% +(%41+(')* '*1%,%(1-+, . O*'(. L-% *.3 ='*(-,+ + %3+3 '/6:%*%3 %3 -*
'*1%0C3 1C(*'(.M (+0:+&+3 &% 3.>0%'*&'(+(')* 4.0 4+01% &%, +01'31+ *. 1'%*%* *'*:-*+
5'31.0'+ 4+0+ *.3.10.3 *. 4.&%/.3 *-%310+ 40.4'+ 0%(%4(')* + %3% +,'/%*1.
3'*1C1'(. E+ 1.1+,/%*1% +3'/',+&. 4.0 3- (0%+&.0
10.3 B.1):0+B.3 L-'3'%0.* 3.040%*&%0*.3 + B+,1+ &% '/4+(1+0*.3 4%0. %, %00.0
&% 40'*('4'. %3 %, /'3/.M 3% %3B.07+0.* 4.0 %K%/4,. %* (+41+0 (.* :0+* 5+>','&+&
1C(*'(+ %, /./%*1. /63 %<10+8. &% -* /.='/'%*1. 3- 3'1-+(')* %<10%/+ %, 4,+*%.
&% -* K-:+&.0 &% BO1>., %, 3+,1. &% -*+ &%4.01'31+ . ,+ ,%='1+(')* &% ,.3 .>K%1.3 %*
-*+ (+3+ %*(+*1+&+ %0. 1+/>'C* %* %31% (+3. %, %34%(16(-,. +-*L-% &'0%(1. E 4+0+
*+&+ (./4-%31. 4.0 %,%/%*1.3 (.*10+31+&.3 3':-% 3'%*&. &%/+3'+&. (.*310-'&.M ,+
(+41+(')* &%, '*31+*1% O*'(. 3% 40%3%*1+ (./. :0+1-'1+ &%/+3'+&. '*1%*('.*+,
3-0:'&+ &% -*+ =.,-*1+& &% ,%*:-+K% L-% /.,%31+ E %3+3 '/6:%*%3 >'%* ,.:0+&+3 *.
1'%*%* *'*:O* %B%(1. 3.>0% *.3.10.3M %, '*1%0C3 L-% 4-%&%* &%34%01+0 *. 3.>0%4+3+ %,
1'%/4. &% -*+ ,%(1-0+ B-:+7 *. 0%3-%*+ *. 4%01-0>+ E *-%310+ 0%(%4(')* 3%
(.*(%*10+ %* 3%:-'&+ 3.>0% -* 3':*. 4-0.M ,+ ,%:'>','&+& 4%0B%(1+ &% ,+ %3(%*+ 3-
$ *.3 &'34%*3+ &% (+41+0 ,. %3(+*&+,.3. L-% ,+ '/+:%* 1'%*%
40.B-*&+/%*1%M 0%&-('&+ +, %31+&. &% 4-0. ,%*:-+K% ,+ B.1.:0+B2+ *. *.3
&%3.0:+*'7+
,:-*.3 4'*1.0%3 1-='%0.* L-% 0%3.,=%0 %3% /'3/. 40.>,%/+ &% ,. %<10%/. &%,
+4.:%. &%, /.='/'%*1. 4%0. ,. ,.:0+0.* /-(5. /%K.0 .3 4'*1.0%3 &%, '/4%0'. 4.0
%K%/4,. +, 1%*%0 L-% 0%40.&-('0 '*31+*16*%+/%*1% Q(+>+,,. %*(+>0'16*&.3%
+4.,%)* %<1%*&'%*&. %, >0+7. 3.>0% %, (+/4. &% >+1+,,+ %1(C1%0+R (.*B'+0.* %,
/.='/'%*1. +, 3':*. +/4,'B'(+&. &% ,. '*%31+>,% ,. L-% 4.&02+ ,,+/+03% %, %,
%310%/%('/'%*1. 3.,%/*% &% -*+ 4.3% L-% 3'* %/>+0:. 0%3-,1+ '/4.3'>,% &% '*31+,+0
%* %, 1'%/4.M %31% +-/%*1. '*/)=', &% ,. '/4%0(%41'>,% P,. L-% /63 1+0&% 3% ,,+/+06
$ $ %* %, ('*%P %3 %, ,-:+0 /'3/. &.*&% (./'%*7+ %, +01% , ,%=% %3(6*&+,. &%
%3.3 (+>+,,.3 %<+:%0+&+/%*1% %*(+>0'1+&.3 &% %3% %/4%0+&.0 (.*:%,+&. %* -* :%31.
'/4.3'>,% %3+ 1%0L-%&+& &% ,+ %<40%3')* L-% 1+/>'C* 3% 4.&02+ ,,+/+0 0%1)0'(+
+8+&% + ,+ ,%(1-0+ &%, 3':*. -*+ %34%('% &% (+41+(')* 1-0>+&.0+ L-% +00+310+ +, ,%(1.0
&% ,+ '/+:%* 5+('+ -* +3./>0. ='3-+, /63 L-% '*1%,%(1-+, 4.0L-% ,. 4%:+ + ,+3
3-4%0B'('%3 &%, %34%(16(-,. + 3- 0%3'31%*('+ )41'(+ E *. '*/%&'+1+/%*1% + 3-
3':*'B'(+(')*
+ /+E.02+ &% ,+3 B.1.3@'/4+(1.3 L-% *.3 /.310+0.* 3.* B+,3+3 4.0L-% 5+*

A9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%,%:'&. 40%('3+/%*1% -* %31+&. '*1%0/%&'. %*10% %, 5%(5. ,'1%0+, E %, 5%(5.

+-/%*1+&.D &%/+3'+&. '*1%*('.*+,%3 4+0+ B.1.:0+B2+ E &%/+3'+&. %<+(1+3 4+0+
4'*1-0+ (+0%(%* + ,+ =%7 &%, %3(6*&+,. &% ,+ ,%10+ E &% ,+ =%0&+& &%, +01%M L-'3'%0.*
5+(%0 3':*.3 4-0.3 3'* (.*3%*1'0 %* .1.0:+0 + %3.3 3':*.3 4.0 ,. /%*.3 ,+
+/>':V%&+& ,+ ,%*1'1-& &% ,. &%*3. 3 ,):'(. 4-%3 L-% ,+3 O*'(+3 B.1.3@'/4+(1.3
&% ,+ %<4.3'(')* Q(-E. 40'*('4'. 3':-% 3'%*&. /-E ,.+>,%R 0%3-,1%* 3%0 40%('3+/%*1%
,+3 B.1.:0+B2+3 &% +:%*('+ %* ,+3 L-% %, 5%(5. 3.040%*&'&. %31+,,+ %* 3- 1%0L-%&+& %*
3- ,'1%0+,'&+& %* ,+ %='&%*('+ /'3/+ &% 3- *+1-0+,%7+ .>1-3+ .3 B-3',+&.3
:-+1%/+,1%(.3 %, &.,.0 &% ,+ *.='+ &% &-+* +,[' %, 3'0'. +3%3'*+&. %, /+(5%1%
+/%*+7+*1% &%, 4.,'(2+ %31+3 '/6:%*%3 +3./>0+* 4.0L-% 4+0%(%* + 40'/%0+ ='31+
%<10+*K%0+3 (+3' (+,/+3 '*B%0'.0%3 + 3- ,%E%*&+D %316* ='3-+,/%*1% &'3/'*-'&+3
&%34.3%2&+3 &% %3% L-% ,.3 4'*1.0%3 &% (./4.3'(')* *. 5->'%0+* &%K+&. &%
+8+&'0,%3 QE (.* 1.&. &%0%(5. 4-%31. L-% 3% 10+1+>+ &% 4'*1-0+R +0%*1% 1+*1. &%
+,%:+1. (./. &% %<4,'(+(')* ,. &% %3+3 '/6:%*%3 .>,':+ +, %34%(1+&.0 + -*+
'*1%00.:+(')* ='.,%*1+ ,. %*(+/'*+ + -* K-'('. L-% C, /'3/. %,+>.0+ 3'* 3%0
/.,%31+&. 4.0 ,+ 40%3%*('+ &%/'O0:'(+ &%, B.1):0+B. % 10+1+ %<+(1+/%*1% &% ,+
(+1+03'3 (021'(+ 40%:.*+&+ 4.0 0%(51 E E+ *. &% -*+ 4-0:+ %/.1'=+ (./. %* %, (+3.
&% ,+ 4'*1-0+ 1%/61'(+ U-'763 +L-2 3% =-%,=+* + %*(.*10+0 ,+3 &.3 (+1%:.02+3 &% ,.
C4'(. E &% ,. 106:'(. + B.1.:0+B2+ ,'1%0+, '*10.&-(% +, %3(6*&+,. &%, 5.00.0 *. +,
5.00.0 /'3/.

# # 1 - "

K-7:+0 4.0 -* 0%('%*1% (.*(-03. &% ,+3 K)=%*%3 (./4+82+3 %, K.=%* 1%+10.
5%0%&+ (.* %*1-3'+3/. /'1.3 &%, ='%K. Q,. L-% 5+(% L-% E+ *. 3% 3%4+ &%/+3'+&. >'%*
L-C %3 ,. L-% &'31'*:-% +, -*. &%, .10.R * %, 1%+10. >-0:-C3 4.0 %K%/4,. %, +(1.0
N&%=.0+&.N 4.0 3- 4%03.*+K% &%>% 4+0%(%0 +>0+3+&. 4.0 -* =%0&+&%0. '*(%*&'. &%
4+3')* +(% B+,1+ (-%31% ,. L-% (-%31% N5%0='0N %3 &%('0 +0&%0 E &%34+00+/+03% + ,+
=%7M &% +,,2 ,+3 B.0/+3 5O/%&+3 L-% +&.41+ %31+ (./>-31')* * -*+ 4'%7+ *-%=+
QL-% .>1-=. -* 40%/'.R +/>.3 40.1+:.*'31+3 /+3(-,'*.3 3% &%34+00+/+0.* %*
,2L-'&.3 &% 1.&+ 3-%01%D ,,.0.3 3-&.0%3 E 3+,'=+ % 1%*2+ ,+ '/40%3')* &% +3'31'0 + -*
1.0/%*1. B'3'.,):'(. %34+*1.3. + -*+ 1.03')* /.*310-.3+ &% ,.3 1%K'&.3 '*1%0*.3
(./. 3' ,+ 4+3')* B-%3% -*+ :0-%3+ %34.*K+ /.K+&+ +40%1+&+ 4.0 ,+ /+*. '/4,+(+>,%
&%, &0+/+1-0:. 3 (,+0+/%*1% (./40%*3'>,% ,+ '*1%*(')* &% %3+ 1.0/%*1+ ='3(%0+,D
5+(%0 &% ,+ N43'(.,.:2+N -* B%*)/%*. (-+*1'1+1'=. .>,':+0 + ,+ 0'3+ . +, &.,.0 +
+&.41+0 B.0/+3 /C10'(+3 3'/4,%3 &% /+*%0+ L-% ,+ 4+3')* 1+/>'C* 3% (.*='%01+ %*
-*+ /%0(+*(2+ (./. ,+3 .10+3 -* .>K%1. &% (./%0('. '*3%01+&+ %* -* 3'31%/+
*-/C0'(. &% '*1%0(+/>'.D &.E /' &'*%0. +, 1%+10. E (./. &%=.,-(')* %<'K. -*+
4+3')* >'%* ='3'>,% (+3' (./4-1+>,%M E 3' %, +(1.0 ,,%*+ >'%* ,+ /%&'&+ 3' 3+>% 5+(%0
10+>+K+0 3- (-%04. +*1% /2 3'* 10+/4+3 3' *. 4-%&. &-&+0 &%, %3B-%07. L-% 0%+,'7+
%*1.*(%3 (.*3'&%0+0C %<(%,%*1% +, +(1.0 ,% 1%31'/.*'+0C /' +,%:02+ 4.0 5+>%0 (.,.(+&.
%, &'*%0. %* -* 1+,%*1. L-% *. ,. &',+4'&+ 3'*. L-% /% ,. &%=-%,=% (%*1-4,'(+&. >+K.
,+ B.0/+ &% ,,+*1.3 E 3-&.0%3 =%0&+&%0.3 + :0+* =%*1+K+ &% ,+ (./>-31')* %3 &%
.0&%* %(.*)/'(.D /' &'*%0. &% %34%(1+&.0 1'%*% +, B'* -* 0%*&'/'%*1. (.*10.,+>,%
+ (./>-31')* &%, +(1.0 3% +&.0*+ *+1-0+,/%*1% &% K-31'B'(+('.*%3
%34'0'1-+,'31+3D %, +(1.0 3% %*10%:+ +, &%/.*'. &%, 1%+10. 3% 3+(0'B'(+ 3% &%K+ (./%0
&%3&% %, '*1%0'.0 4.0 3- 4%03.*+K%M 3- :%*%0.3'&+& ,+ %*10%:+ &% 3- (-%04. +, +01% 3-

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

10+>+K. B23'(. 3.* &':*.3 &% 4'%&+& &% +&/'0+(')* *. =+,.0+ %3+ ,+>.0 /-3(-,+0 E
(-+*&. %<1%*-+&. =+('+&. &% 1.&.3 3-3 5-/.0%3 ='%*% + 3+,-&+0 +, B'*+, -*. ,.
+4,+-&% (./. + L-'%* %31+>,%(% -* 0C(.0& &% +E-*. . &% ,%=+*1+/'%*1. &% 4%3+3 E 3%
,% 40.4.*% 3%(0%1+/%*1% '0 + 0%(.>0+03% + 0%*+(%0 3- 3-31+*('+ '*1%0'.0 + 0%/4,+7+0
1.&+ %3+ +:-+ (.* L-% 5+ /%&'&. ,+ 4+3')* L-% ,% 5%/.3 (./40+&. . (0%. L-%
*'*:O* 4O>,'(. >-0:-C3 0%3'31+ + -* N3+(0'B'('.N 1+* %='&%*1% E %31.E (.*=%*('&. &%
L-% -* +(1.0 L-% 3+>% ,,.0+0 . 10+*34'0+0 %* %3(%*+ 1'%*% ,+ 3%:-0'&+& &% :+*+0D ,+
%='&%*('+ &% 3- ,+>.0 '/4'&% '0 /63 ,%K.3 %* %, K-'('.
!%+/.3 .10. +34%(1. &%3&'(5+&. %* ,+ 5%0%*('+ &%, 1%+10. >-0:-C3D %, /'1. &%,
5+,,+7:. .* %31% /'1. B.0K+* 3- 0%4-1+(')* &'0%(1.0%3 &% %3(%*+ =%1%0+*.3
-+*&. 0%40%3%*1+ # # -*+ K.=%* (./4+82+ 5+(% >+K+0 ,.3 /-%>,%3 &%,
1%(5. %* (+&+ +(1. 31. 0%3-,1+ 3'* &-&+ '*%34%0+&. E 1.&. %, /-*&. =.('B%0+ 4.0 ,+
'*=%*(')*D ,. ,+/%*1+>,% %3 L-% 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ '*=%*(')* (./4,%1+/%*1% '*O1',
&'(1+&+ ='3'>,%/%*1% 4.0 -*+ '/+:'*+(')* %* +4-0.3 L-% + 1.&. 40%('. L-'%0% 3%0
*.=%&.3+M (./. +(1-+,/%*1% 3% 5+* +:.1+&. 1.&.3 ,.3 40.(%&'/'%*1.3 +01'B'('+,%3 &%
'*31+,+(')* &%, &%(.0+&. (./. %, /.&%0*'3/. E ,+ =+*:-+0&'+ *.3 5+* 3+1-0+&.
(.* %3.3 (+/>'.3 + ,+ ='31+ %* L-% +,:O* 3'0='%*1% P3-40%/+ +-&+('+P &'34.*%
10%3 3',,+3 E -* 3.B6 %* ,+ *+0'7 &% ,.3 %34%(1+&.0%3 3% 0%(-00% +, O,1'/. %34+('.
,'>0% %, 1%(5. , 40.(%&'/'%*1. %3 :0+1-'1. 4-0. B.0/+,'3/. 4%0. 4.(. '/4.01+D
+ ,.3 .K.3 &%, 4O>,'(. >-0:-C3 ,+ 4-%31+ %* %3(%*+ 3'%/40% (.*3'31% %* -*+ 1C(*'(+
&%, 5+,,+7:. E +,:-*.3 N+*'/+&.0%3N 3.* /-E (./4,+('%*1%3 (.* %3+3 %<':%*('+3D 3%
0%&-(%* + '*=%*1+0 +/>'C* %* %31% (+3. %, 1%+10. &%3(+*3+ -*+ =%7 /63 3.>0% ,+
&-0+ ,%E &%, '*1%0(+/>'.D %3 *%(%3+0'. E 3-B'('%*1% L-% ,+3 '*=%03'.*%3 &%, &'0%(1.0 &%
%3(%*+ 0%3-,1%* ='3'>,%3 E L-% (+&+ (-+, 4-%&+ (.*10.,+0 %, 0%*&'/'%*1. &% 3-
%*10+&+D 3-0:% +32 -* +01% L-% +*&+ + ,.3 +4-0.*%3 E 3% /+*'B'%31+ +*1% 1.&. (./.
-*+ 3%(-%,+ &'3(.*1'*-+ P E 4.0 %*&% (./4-1+>,%P &% ,.:0.3 B.0/+,%3
./. ,+ (./>-31')* &%, +(1.0 %, N5+,,+7:.N 1'%*% 3- K-31'B'(+(')* &%3'*1%0%3+&+M
3% '*1%*1+ .1.0:+0,% %, =+,.0 &% -* N%31',.N +(%0 &%3(%*&%0 ,.3 /-%>,%3 &%, 1%(5. 3%
40%3%*1+06 (./. -*+ .4%0+(')* &%3%*=-%,1+ %* +0/.*2+ (.* %3% (,'/+ &%
'00%=%0%*('+ ='=+7 L-% 10+&'('.*+,/%*1% 3% +&K-&'(+ + ,+ (./%&'+ &%, +01%
+1-0+,/%*1% %, %31',. (+3' 3'%/40% %3 -*+ (.+01+&+ &%31'*+&+ + %3L-'=+0 ,+3
/.1'=+('.*%3 40.B-*&+3 &% ,+ 4'%7+D &+0 + -*+ (./%&'+ &% .,&.*' -* %31',.
4-0+/%*1% '1+,'+*.N Q+0,%L-'*+&+3 /'/.3 (.,.0%3 ='=.3 3%/'/63(+0+3 =.,1%0%1+3 E
0%1)0'(+ &% ,+ 0+4'&%7R %3 -*+ /+*%0+ B6(', &% &%340%.(-4+03% 4.0 %, (.*1%*'&. 3.('+,
% 5'31)0'(. &% ,+ .>0+ %3 &%3/.*1+0 ,+ 3->=%03')* +:-&+ &% ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 (2='(+3M %*
-*+ 4+,+>0+ %3 /'31'B'(+0
-*(+ 3% '*3'31'06 &%/+3'+&. 3.>0% ,.3 %310+:.3 &%, N%31',.N %* *-%310+3 %3(%*+3
>-0:-%3+3 , %31',. %<(-3+ 1.&. &'34%*3+ &% 1.&. E %34%('+,/%*1% &% ,+ 0%B,%<')*
5'31)0'(+M %*('%00+ +, %34%(1+&.0 %* ,+ 3%0='&-/>0% &% -* 4-0. B.0/+,'3/. &% /.&.
L-% 5+31+ ,+3 0%=.,-('.*%3 &% N%31',.N 0%3-,1+* /%0+/%*1% B.0/+,%3 , &'0%(1.0 &%
%3(%*+ &% =+*:-+0&'+ 3%06 L-'%* .3% 3-31'1-'0 -* %31',. 4.0 .10. Q3'* =.,=%0 *-*(+ +
1./+0 (.*1+(1. (.* %, B.*&. 0%+, &% ,+ 4'%7+R (.*=%01'0 (./. +00+-,1 %* ,+ /
%, +(+&%/'3/. 106:'(. %* B'%31+ *%:0+ %0. 1.&. &+ ':-+, E *. 3':*'B'(+ *'*:O*
+=+*(% %, 0%/4,+7+0 -* %31',. 4.0 .10.D 3L-',. +-1.0 >+*1O *. %3 /%*.3 B+,3. L-%
3L-',. +-1.0 >-0:-C3 * %, +01% &%, 1%+10. %, %31',. %3 -*+ 1C(*'(+ &% %=+3')*

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

- # / " % % $

<'31% -*+ .*./631'(+ &% ,+ !-%,1+ &% 0+*('+ L-% 4.0 3' 3.,+ *.3 '*&'(+ L-% ,+
!-%,1+ %3 -*+ :0+* %4.4%E+ .3 *./>0%3 &% ,.3 (.00%&.0%3 %* 3- /+E.02+ 4+0%(%*
40.(%&%0 &% -*+ %&+& C1*'(+ /-E +*1':-+ &% -* 1'%/4. %* L-% ,+ 0+7+ 3.*+>+ +
10+=C3 &% -* 4%L-%8. *O/%0. &% B.*%/+3 %K%/4,+0%3 Q 0+*[+01 %, 0+*(. .>%1 %,
0+*('+*. .>'( %, %,1+ -'7 %, >%0. +00'@:+&% %, +3()*R &%/63 %3.3
*./>0%3 =-%,=%* 3'* (%3+0M (.*31'1-E%* 4-*1.3 B'K.3 &%*10. &%, :0+* +7+0 &% ,+
40-%>+ (-E+ 1+0%+ (.*3'31% %* 3-K%1+0 -*+ &-0+(')* %4'3)&'(+ 1-/-,1-.3+ + ,+3
%3%*('+3 %31+>,%3 &% ,.3 :0+*&%3 (+0+(1%0%3 (./. 3' %, 5./>0% B-%0+ +*1% 1.&. -*
*./>0% L-% ,.:0+ &./'*+0 ,.3 +(.*1%('/'%*1.3D 0+*[+01 %/'*'+*' +-0%&'
*1.*'* .,,+*& 3.* 4+10.*2/'(.3 L-% 3% ,%%* (./. ,.3 3':*.3 +,:%>0+'(.3 &%, =+,.0
,+ ,%+,1+& ,+ 10+'(')* . %, %31.'('3/. * ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% %, *./>0% &%, (.00%&.0
0%3-,1+ + ,+ =%7 +,'/%*1. E %,'43'3 B.0/+ ,+ B':-0+ 40'*('4+, &% -* =%0&+&%0. ,%*:-+K%
4.C1'(. L-% 4%0/'1% ,%%0 -* /-*&. &.*&% ,+ &%3(0'4(')* 0%3-,1+ B'*+,/%*1% '*O1',
31+ ,%*1+ (.*(0%(')* &% ,+3 ='01-&%3 &%, (.00%&.0 %* ,+ 3-31+*('+ 3.*.0+ &% 3-
*./>0% 1%0/'*+ +&%/63 4.0 +>3.0>%0 %, ,%*:-+K% +&K%1'=. , (./'%*7. &% 3-
:,.0'+ ,.3 (.00%&.0%3 %316* 40.='31.3 &% +,:O* %421%1. &% *+1-0+,%7+M /63 1+0&% 3%
=-%,=% '*O1', % &'(%D %, %,%:+*1% .,%11. . !+* .*:%* %, 61+=.M &% .-'3.* .>%1
E+ *. 3% &'(% *+&+
* 0%+,'&+& ,+ %*10+&+ %* %, .0&%* C4'(. 3% %B%(1O+ 4.0 /%&'. &% ,+
&'3/'*-(')* &%, *./>0%D .>%1 3% =-%,=% .-'3.*M +-0%&' %,,. E + +B+%,
%/'*'+*' 5C0.% 4,%*. 4-%31. L-% +, /'3/. 1'%/4. %3 E 3% ,. ,,+/+
-*+3 =%(%3 +2 E .10+3 %/ 31.3 *./>0%3 3.* ,':%0.3 -* 1+*1. 1'%0*.3 E -* 1+*1.
3%0=',%3M %* -*+ 32,+>+ &+* (-%*1+ &% -* =+,.0 3.>0%5-/+*. E &% -*+ '*1'/'&+&
1.1+,/%*1% 5-/+*+M %, 4%0'.&'31+ 10+1+ %3% *./>0% (.* B+/','+0'&+& (+3' (./. ,.a
4.%1+3 ,+1'*.3 ,.3 &% C3+0 . %(%*+3 * %, &'/'*-1'=. &%, ('(,'31+ %<'31% %3+ /%7(,+
&% 3%0=','3/. &% +&/'0+(')* E &% 40%00.:+1'=+ L-% '*31+,+ +, 4-%>,. (./. &%
3-3 &'.3%3
%(.01+&. %, *./>0% =-%,=% +-1C*1'(+/%*1% 4O>,'(.M 4%0/'1% (.,.(+0 ,+
'*1'/'&+& &%, (.00%&.0 3.>0% %, 40.3(%*'. &% ,.3 5C0.%3 .0L-% %, +-1C*1'(. ,-:+0
C4'(. *. %3 %, (./>+1% 3'*. ,+ 1'%*&+ &% (+/4+8+ %, -/>0+, 4O>,'(. &.*&% %,
:-%00%0. %,+>.0+ 3-3 '*1%*('.*%3 &%3&% &.*&% ,+*7+ '*K-0'+3 &%3+B2.3 E (.*B'&%*('+3
+ !-%,1+ &% 0+*('+ (.*.(% + B.*&. ,+ :,.0'+ &% -*+ B+,3+ ='&+ 40'=+&+ &.*&% ,+
+B0%*1+ E %, 4 3.* ,+3 B.0/+3 +/4,'+&+3 &% ,+ 0%,+(')* 5-/+*+D %* %, (-03. &%
-*+ 4+01'&+ &% (+7+ %* 0%1+8+ .>%1 :%*%0.3. 1%*&') 4O>,'(+/%*1% ,+ /+*. +
+-0%&' L-'%* ,+ 0%(5+7) *. /%*.3 4O>,'(+/%*1% 31.3 %*0%&.3 5./C0'(.3
1'%*%* 4.0 (.*10+4+01'&+ ,.3 %,.:'.3 L-% ,.3 :0+*&%3 3% &'0':%* /-1-+/%*1% 4.0
%*('/+ &% ,+ /-,1'1-& .>%1 &'(% + Z.>,%1D N1% %<10+8.N E %31+3 4+,+>0+3 10+7+* 4.0 32
3.,+3 %, -*'=%03. C4'(. &.*&% %, %*%/':. +4+0%(% (.*31'1-'&. %* 40.4.0(')* + ,+
%31'/+ L-% 3% ,% 1'%*% (-00% L-% %* ,+ !-%,1+ %<'31%* *-/%0.3.3 =%31':'.3 &%
%*B%-&+(')* %3+ '*31+*('+ L-% ,':+>+ 4.0 +32 &%('0 (+0*+,/%*1% +, 5./>0% (.*
%, 5./>0% * ,+ !-%,1+ +>-*&+* ,.3 >%3.3 +0(%, '&.1 %, &'0%(1.0 1C(*'(. &%,
%L-'4. &% 0+*('+ >%3+ + %/ &%34-C3 &% -*+ ='(1.0'+ E *1.*'* .,,+* %31+/4+ -*
>%3. B%0='%*1% %* ,+ /%K',,+ 5-*&'&+ &%, /'3/. %/'*'+*' , +>0+7. %3 ,+ %<40%3')*
&% -*+ %-B.0'+ /+:*2B'(+ L-% 3% 3'%*1% +*1% ,. (%00+&. E 4%0B%(1. &%, /-*&. 5%0.'(.
.0 %, .*10+0'. %3 '/40%3('*&'>,% %='1+0 L-% + %31+ B%,'('&+& B0+1%0*+, 3% -*+* ,.3
3%*1'/'%*1.3 :0%:+0'.3 L-% 3% +:'1+* %*10% ,.3 /'%/>0.3 &% -* /'3/. %L-'4.M %3.3

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3%*1'/'%*1.3 3.* /-(5. /63 1-0>'.3 + 4%0B%((')* &% ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 4O>,'(+3 3),. %3
4.3'>,% %*10% ,.3 :0+*&%3D *' >'%* ,.3 N&./C31'(.3N %*10+* %* %3(%*+ ,+ %4.4%E+ 3%
&%:0+&+ + *.=%,+
+ :%.:0+B2+ &% ,+ !-%,1+ 1+/>'C* 3% %*(-%*10+ %*1%0+/%*1% 3./%1'&+ + ,+
*%(%3'&+& C4'(+ &% ,+ 40-%>+ .3 %,%/%*1.3 E ,.3 1%00%*.3 %316* 4%03.*'B'(+&.3 4-%3
%, 5./>0% 3% /'&% (.* %,,.3 E (./. 1.&+ %4.4%E+ '*1%0%3+ L-% ,+ ,-(5+ .4.*:+
&'/%*3'.*%3 ':-+,%3D %, 5./>0% 4-%3 3% *+1-0+,'7+M ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 3% 5-/+*'7+ +3
(-%31+3 3.* /+,':*+3 0%&-('&+3 + N4.0(%*1+K%* 634%0.3 . /.01+,%3 E ,+3 %1+4+3 L-%
1'%*%* &%*10. &% ,+ !-%,1+ ,+ -*'&+& &% -* (+421-,. &% *.=%,+ Q%* %B%(1. 3% 10+1+ &%
-*+ 1%/4.0+,'&+& C4'(+ &% -*+ 3-/+ &% (0'3'3 +>3.,-1+3 E *. &% ,+ 40.:0%3')*
&'+,C(1'(+ &% -* 3.,. (.*B,'(1. (./. %* ,+ &-0+(')* 106:'(+R ,+3 %1+4+3 %*1.*(%3 3.*
+*1% 1.&. 4%03.*+3 B23'(+3 %*%/':.3 3-(%3'=.3 '*&'='&-+,'7+&.3 4.0 %3+ /%7(,+ &%
/.0B.,.:2+ E /.0+, L-% &%B'*% + ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ C4'(+ + %1+4+ %3 5'03-1+ 4%3+&+
'*(%*&'+&+ %0'7+&+ %1( M 1.&.3 +&K%1'=.3 L-% 4%01%*%(%* + -* .0&%* %<'31%*('+, &% ,+
(,+3'B'(+(')* E 1'%*&%* + '*&'(+0 L-% %, (.00%&.0 %316 ,-(5+*&. *. (.* 1+, . (-+,
&'B'(-,1+& *+1-0+, 3'*. (.* -* =%0&+&%0. 40.>,%/+ &% %<'31%*('+ -* 1%/+ 3-31+*('+,
&.*&% %* -* 3.,. /.='/'%*1. (./40./%1% 3- 4%0(%4(')* E 3- K-'('.
, (.00%&.0 %*(-%*10+ %* ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ -* /%&'. +*'/+&. (.* %, L-% /+*1'%*%
'*1%0(+/>'.3 &% *-10'(')* E &% 3-K%(')* *+ %1+4+ /+021'/+ Q , +=0%@ '%44%R 3%06
NE.&+&+N +4.01+06 + ,+ (+00%0+ %*%0:2+ E (.,.0M .10+ Q%, *.01%R 5%(5+ &% 0-1+3
+&.L-'*+&+3 (.*31'1-'06 -* +,'/%*1. .4+(. +*:-,.3.D 3%06 ,'1%0+,/%*1% N&-0+ &%
0.%0NM .10+ Q 0'+*:.*@ )*+(.R 3%06 %3L-'31.3+ 40%5'31)0'(+ +10+4+06 +, (.00%&.0
.&+3 4,+*1%+* -* 40.>,%/+ &% +3'/',+(')* 1.&+3 %316* 0%&-('&+3 + 3- 3-31+*('+
40.B-*&+ /%&'+*1% -* /.='/'%*1. 40.4'+/%*1% 4.C1'(. E +*1% (+&+ -*+ &% %,,+3 %,
(.00%&.0 >-3(+ .3(-0+/%*1% &%B'*'03% (./. -* 5./>0% 1.1+, L-% ,-(5+ (.* -*+
*+1-0+,%7+@3-31+*('+ E *. 3),. (.* -*+ *+1-0+,%7+@.>K%1. * (.*3%(-%*('+ ,. L-%
'*1%0%3+ 3.* ,.3 /.='/'%*1.3 &% +40.<'/+(')* + ,+ 3-31+*('+ , (.00%&.0 3'%/40%
+4+0%(% 0%40%3%*1+&. %* %31+&. &% '*/%03')* E *. %* %31+&. &% (+00%0+D 3% 7+/>-,,%
+10+='%3+ =-%,+ 3% +&5'%0%M ,. &%B'*% 3- =2*(-,. (.* %, 3-%,. (.* B0%(-%*('+ %* ,+
+*:-31'+ E %, +4.(+,'43'3 0 4 * , 6 2
+ %1+4+ /63 B-%01%/%*1% 4%03.*'B'(+&+ %3 ,+ &%, .*1% !%*1.-< +3 :0+*&%3
:+0:+*1+3 +,4'*+3 . 4'0%*+'(+3 4.0 &-0+3 L-% 3%+* 3':-%* 3'%*&. 4+3.3 3% ,.3 3'%*1%
(./. .>K%1.3 + 3%0 +10+=%3+&.3M ,+ :+0:+*1+ %3 +:-K%0. +((%&% &'B2(',/%*1% + 3%0
4%03.*+ , !%*1.-< %* (+/>'. 1'%*% ,+ 4,%*'1-& &%, /.*1% %3 -* &'.3 &%, +, +,
L-% %3 *%(%3+0'. 3+(0'B'(+0 !%0&+&%0. .,.(5 &C34.1+ &% ,.3 ('(,'31+3 K+/63
4%0&.*+ + ,.3 &C>',%3 3% 5+(% 4+:+0 -* '*K-31. 10'>-1. &% 3-B0'/'%*1.3 23'(+/%*1%
%, !%*1.-< %3 5.00'>,%D (+,=. Q+1+(+&. &% 3%>.00%+ 3%(+ &'(% #7B" 2 %3 %, %3420'1-
/'3/. &% ,. 3%(.M 3- (,'/+ +>3.,-1. Q%3 /-(5. /63 -*+ %3%*('+ &% (,'/+ L-% -*
%34+('. :%.:06B'(.R ,. 5+(% 1%00%*. (.*&%*+&. ,-:+0 &% 40-%>+ 4+0+ %, 5C0.% +,:.
+32 (./. -* '*B'%0*. 3-4%0'.0 &.*&% %, ('(,'31+ &%B'*'06 ,+ =%0&+& &% 3- 3+,=+(')*D
=%*(%06 +, &0+:)* 3%+ (.* +E-&+ &% -* &'.3 Q +-, 2 3%+ 4.0 4-0.
40./%1%23@/. .4.*'%*&. + %3% &'.3 &%, /+, -* &%/.*'. +O* /63 B-%01% Q .>%1
= % 2
+ !-%,1+ 4-%3 &'34.*% &% -*+ =%0&+&%0+ :%.:0+B2+ 5./C0'(+ ./. %* ,+
&'3%+ +L-2 ,+ (+00%0+ %3 + ,+ =%7 4%0'4,. &% 40-%>+3 E %<4,.0+(')* 1.1+, &% ,.3
,2/'1%3 1%00%310%3 ,'3%3 5+>2+ +,(+*7+&. =+0'+3 =%(%3 ,+3 4-%01+3 &% ,+ '%00+
+/>'C* ,+ !-%,1+ 0.7+ %* =+0'.3 4-*1.3 %, /-*&. '*5-/+*.D 3.>0% %, !%*1.-< 3%
*.3 &'(% -*. E+ 5+ &%K+&. %, 4,+*%1+ '%00+ E 3% +(%0(+ + +310.3 &%3(.*.('&.3 .0 3-

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

:%.:0+B2+ ,+ !-%,1+ (.*31'1-E% -* '*=%*1+0'. %*('(,.4C&'(. &% ,.3 %34+('.3 5-/+*.3

E 3' +&.4160+/.3 -* %3L-%/+ ='L-'+*. &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ ,+ !-%,1+ 0%40%3%*1+02+ %3%
'*31+*1% +/>':-. %* L-% %, 5./>0% 4%03.*'B'(+ B-%01%/%*1% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 4+0+
(+41+0,+ /%K.0 E ,'>0+03% &% %,,+ /63 B6(',/%*1%
.0 ('%01. L-% ,+ +&5%3')* &%, (.00%&.0 + %3+ *+1-0+,%7+ +*10.4./)0B'(+ 3),.
4-%&% ,,%=+03% + (+>. + 10+=C3 &% =2+3 3%/'00%+,%3 + !-%,1+ 40+(1'(+ (./O*/%*1%
-*+ %*%0:C1'(+ &% ,.3 %3420'1-3 + B-%07+ L-% &'34.*% %, (.00%&.0 4+0+ %*B0%*1+0 + ,+
1'%00+@5./>0% 4-%&% (.>0+0 &.3 +34%(1.3D ,+ $ %31+&. /63 L-% 2/4%1-
%L-','>0'. 40'=',%:'+&. %*10% ,+ (+,'&+& &% ,.3 /O3(-,.3 ,+ +:-&%7+ &% ,+ '*1%,':%*('+
E ,+ =.,-*1+& &%, (+06(1%0 E %, , =%0&+&%0. '*B,-K. %,C(10'(. L-% 3+(-&% + ('%01.3
(.00%&.0%3 +/+&.3 4.0 ,.3 &'.3%3 E ,%3 5+(% ,,%=+0 + (+>. 40.%7+3 3.>0%5-/+*+3 ,
, '/4,'(+ -* .0&%* 3.>0%*+1-0+, %* %, (-+, %, 5./>0% 10'-*B+ + (.*&'(')* &% L-%
-* &'.3 ,. +E-&% , , %3 ,. L-% ,+ /+&0% &% 0+*[+01 B-% + 4%&'0 4+0+ 3- 5'K. + ,+
+*1+ !'0:%* %* ,+ (+1%&0+, &% 5+010%3M E 5+0,E +-, >%*%B'('+0'. 40%31':'.3. &% ,+
:0+('+ %3 40%('3+/%*1% %, %34%('+,'31+ &%, , 5+0,E +-, 0%('>% 3- %,%(10'('&+& %*
-*+ 0%,+(')* '*1%0/'1%*1% (.* ,.3 &'.3%3M + =%(%3 ,.3 &'.3%3 ,. 5+>'1+* E C, /+0+=',,+M +
=%(%3 ,.3 &'.3%3 ,. +>+*&.*+* %, , 3% 5+ +:.1+&. 5+0,E E+ *. 4-%&% 5+(%0 *+&+
>-%*.
<'31% -*+ &%1%31+>,% 4+0.&'+ &%, , + %, &.4'*: .4+0 +, (.00%&.0 %3 1+*
(0'/'*+, 1+* 3+(02,%:. (./. L-%0%0 '/'1+0 + '.3M %3 0.>+0 + '.3 %, 40'=',%:'. &% ,+
(5'34+ .0 .10+ 4+01% %* %3.3 (+3.3 '.3 3+>% =%*:+03%D >'%* ,. 3+>% %, 4.>0%
+,,CK+( + L-'%* -*+ &0.:+ 40.=.(+1'=+ (.*&-K. + ,+3 4-%01+3 &% ,+ ,.(-0+ Q(+31':. +
,.3 ,+&0.*%3 &% B-%:.R .>%1 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. B02. 0+('.*+, 406(1'(+/%*1% *. (.*.(%
%, , + %3 -* %3420'1- B-%01% L-% %B%(1O+ 3- 10+>+K. 4.0 32 /'3/.M %34%('+,'31+ &% ,+
$ .>%1 %3 -* 5C0.% 1.1+,/%*1% 5-/+*. L-% *+&+ &%>% + ,. 3.>0%*+1-0+, E
.>1'%*% 3-3 ='(1.0'+3 + 4+01'0 &% (-+,'&+&%3 4-0+/%*1% 1%00%310%3 +-/%*1+&+3 :0+('+3
+ ,+ ='01-& 5-/+*'31+ 4.0 %<(%,%*('+D ,+ =.,-*1+& +-, %*(+0*+ ,. +0>'10+0'. ,.
&'='*. ,. /+0+=',,.3. ,. %3(.:'&. ,+ (./4,'('&+& (.* ,.3 &'.3%3M .>%1 %*(+0*+ ,.
K-31. ,. 5-/+*. .>%1 *'%:+ + ,.3 &'.3%3 .>%1 ',-310+ -*+ /.0+, &%, 5./>0% 3.,.
+-, %3 -* +0(6*:%, .>%1 %3 40./%1%'(. -* 23'B. L-% ,.:0+02+ 5+(%0 (+%0 ,+ 4'%&0+
3.>0% %3.3 /'3/.3 &'.3%3 L-% ,. 5+* (.*&%*+&. + *. 3%0 .10+ (.3+ L-%
/+:*2B'(+/%*1% 5./>0%
+ &'*6/'(+ &% ,+ !-%,1+ 4.0 3- 4+01% 3% 40%3%*1+ (./. -*+ >+1+,,+ 4%0. (./.
%, %*B0%*1+/'%*1. %3 /-E 4+01'(-,+0 %3+ >+1+,,+ %3 &0+/61'(+ 3),. 4.0 3- &%(.0+&. .
3-3 /+0(5+3 E *. 40%('3+/%*1% 4.0 3-3 (5.L-%3 + !-%,1+ %3 (./4+0+>,% 3'* &-&+
+ -* %KC0('1. /.&%0*. &%B'*'&. 4.0 ,+ '/4.01+*('+ &% 3- /+1%0'+, E %, *O/%0. &% 3-3
3%0='&.0%3 *(,-E% %4'3.&'.3 (0'/'*+,%3 (.*B,'(1.3 *+('.*+,%3 Q 0+*('+ +40%/'+&+
4.0 ,.3 &%, '*&+ &'0%(1.0 &% ,+ =" '1+,'+*+R E %, 5C0.% +B0.*1+
,+ 40-%>+ %* %31+&. (%360%. (%0(+*. + ,+ (+,/+ &'='*+ B+/','+0 +, +4.,%)* &% -:.
QN %/ 3% 7+/>-,,) /'0+&+ +,%01+ %* ,+ 4%,':0.3+ >+K+&+ &% .*1%(+0,.NR 31. *.
'/4'&% L-% %, +(1. /'3/. &%, (.*B,'(1. 4%0/+*%7(+ &'B2(', &% (+41+0 E *. 3% &%K%
'*31+,+0 %* -*+ &-0+(')* % 5%(5. ,+ &'*6/'(+ &% ,+ !-%,1+ 3),. (.*.(% (-+10.
/.='/'%*1.3D %*(+>%7+0 3%:-'0 %3(+4+03% +>+1'03% *(+>%7+0 %3 %, +(1. /63 &-0. E
1+/>'C* %, /63 '*O1',M %*(+>%7+0 3'%/40% %3 3+(0'B'(+03%M %3 -* 5%0.23/. 4-0.
&%31'*+&. + .31%*1+0 -* (+06(1%0 /-(5. /63 L-% + +3%:-0+0 -* 0%3-,1+&.M %* ,+
!-%,1+ 3.>0%4+3+0 +, :-2+ *. 0'*&% &'0%(1+/%*1%M 4.0 ,. (./O* ,. L-% 3% :+*+ 3%
0%&-(% 4.0 ,+3 16(1'(+3 (.,%(1'=+3 = 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. 3'%/40% %3 -* 4.(. (.>+0&%
E -* 4.(. 10+'&.0 4%01%*%(% + -* +00'>'3/. L-% *. 3% '*L-'%1+ 4.0 %, 5.*.0D 3%:-'0

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

(.* %<(%3. (.* 40.=.(+(')* %3 (,+0+/%*1% 4+01% &%, /+, Q=%0:V%*7+ 4+0+ ,.3
N(5-4+00-%&+3NR 6 %3 -* %4'3.&'. 4.C1'(. &%31'*+&. + ',-310+0 -*+ 3.,%&+&
=.,-*1+0'+M +-*L-% 4.(. %B'(+7 4-%3 (+3' 3'%/40% 3% %3 *-%=+/%*1% +,(+*7+&. ,+
:,.0'+ L-% 3% .>1'%*% %3 40.4.0('.*+, + %3+ %34%('% &% 5.*.0 '*O1', L-% ,+ 3-31%*1+
Q%3(+4+&+ 3.,'1+0'+ &%, %34+8., ,./+0D 0%1'0. +,1-0+ (+31%,,+*'3/. &%, 5C0.% +
,. .*15%0,+*1R , 40%B':-0+ %, +>+*&.*. 3'%/40% %3 1%00'>,%
%*10'31%(% (./. -* &%3+310%M %* %, !%*1.-< +,:-*.3 +>+1'/'%*1.3 5+* (.>0+&. -*
(+06(1%0 N5'0.35'/61'(.N 31.3 (-+10. /.='/'%*1.3 %316* %='&%*1%/%*1%
&0+/+1'7+&.3 /.,&%+&.3 %* %, =.(+>-,+0'. %*B61'(. &% ,+ : (.* B0%(-%*('+ -*.
&% %,,.3 10+*3B.0/+&. %* '/+:%* '/4.*% 3- *./>0% + ,+ %1+4+ (./. +, (+421-,. &%
-*+ *.=%,+ Q 21-,.D # ? 2 , 4+4%, &%, ,%*:-+K% %* %31%
(+3. %3 %*.0/% , ,%*:-+K% .1.0:+ +, +(.*1%('/'%*1. '*+3'>,% 4-%3 3% %*(-%*10+
4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% &',-'&. %* -*+ &-0+(')* ,+ :0+*&%7+ C4'(+ L-% 4%0/'1%
3.,'&'B'(+0,. + !-%,1+ 4.3%% -*+ /.0+, +/>':-+D '/4%0+1'=.3 (+>+,,%0%3(.3 3%
/%7(,+* 3'* (%3+0 (.* ,.3 ,,+/+/'%*1.3 >0-1+,%3 &%, 4-0. %3420'1- &% 10'-*B. 3 -*+
/.0+, L-% *. 3+>% . L-% *. L-'%0% %,%:'0 %*10% %, 5+,+:. &% ,+ +>*%:+(')* E ,+3
*%(%3'&+&%3 &%, %/4'0'3/. , $ &% -* (.00%&.0 +, C<'1. &% 3- %L-'4.
&%('&'&. 4.0 C, /'3/. . '/4-%31. 4.0 -* +0>'10. Q%, &'0%(1.0 1C(*'(.R 3'%/40% %3
%<+,1+&. 4%0. 1+/>'C* 3'%/40% %3 &'3(-1'&. , 3+(0'B'('. %3 :0+*&% *.>,% 1%31'/.*'+
4,%*'1-& /.0+, %* %, %K%0('('. &%, &%4.01% &% %L-'4. E 3% K-31'B'(+ %* B-*(')* &% C,
%0. 1+/>'C* %, 3+(0'B'('. (.*10+&'(% .10. =+,.0 *%(%3+0'. 4+0+ ,+ ,%E%*&+ (./4,%1+ &%
,+ !-%,1+D %, 0%+,'3/. ; C 1+, %3 ,+ ,%E L-%
+='=+ %, '*1%0C3 &%, %34%(16(-,. + /.0+, (+>+,,%0%3(+ %* %31% (+3. 3% 3'%*1% (./.
0'%3:. &% L-% %, &%31'*. 4-%&+ 5+>%0 &%1%0/'*+&. -* 0%3-,1+&. + !-%,1+ 1'%*%
%34%('+, (-'&+&. %* %='1+0 1.&. ,. L-% 4.&02+ 4+0%(%0 L-% '*B,-E% 4.0 +&%,+*1+&.
3.>0% %, +7+0 &%3*-&. E >0-1+, &%, (./>+1% # , % ,+ !-%,1+ %3
-* %*B0%*1+/'%*1. &% (+0+(1%0%3 0%L-'%0% &% -*+ /.0+, &%, '*&'='&-. &%, (./>+1%
3.,'1+0'. 4.0 ,+ ='&+D ,+ '*L-'%1-& E ,+ 40%.(-4+(')* &% ,.3 4%0'.&'31+3 0%3'&% %*
+3':*+0 + ,+ !-%,1+ -* 4.0=%*'0 '*('%01.D &-0+*1% 1.&+ ,+ !-%,1+ &% 9AA 40.1%31+0.*
(.*10+ ,+ (0%%*('+ :%*%0+, &% L-% %0+ 3%:-0. %, 10'-*B. &% .>%1 %0. ,+ !-%,1+
1+/>'C* %3 -* &%4.01% %<':% -*+ /.0+, &% ,+ (.,%(1'='&+& 31+ (.*10+&'((')* K+/63
0%3-%,1+ .>,':+ + ,+ ,%E%*&+ + &'3(-1'0 E %<4,'(+0 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% %, 3+(0'B'('. +
&%31+(+0 %* (+&+ .(+3')* ,+ /.0+, :%*%0.3+ L-% ,. 3-31%*1+ % 3'%*1% %, 3+(0'B'('.
(./. -* =+,.0 3%*1'/%*1+, 4.0 %3. %3 *%(%3+0'. K-31'B'(+0,. '*(+*3+>,%/%*1%
, &'0%(1.0 1C(*'(. &%3%/4%8+ %* 1.&. %31. -* 4+4%, %3%*('+,D +3%:-0+ %, =2*(-,.
%*10% %, B'* E ,.3 /%&'.3 %*10% ,+ (.*('%*('+ E %, 40+:/+1'3/.M %3 %, %,%/%*1.
&'+,C(1'(. L-% -*% %* -* 3.,. &%3:+00+/'%*1. ,+ 0%+,'&+& &%, /+, E 3- *%(%3'&+&
+0(%, '&.1 %3 %34%('+,'31+ &% %31+3 3'1-+('.*%3 (.0*%,'+*+3 %* ,+3 L-% ,% %3 *%(%3+0'.
3+(0'B'(+0 %* -* /'3/. %L-'4. + -* (.00%&.0 4.0 .10. % '*(,-3. + =%(%3 E ,. L-% %3
+O* /63 106:'(. + -* 5%0/+*. 4.0 3- 5%0/+*. QJ%+* 4.0 .-'3.* .>%1R % 5%(5.
'&.1 3),. %<'31% (./. '/+:%* 0%+, &% -*+ *%(%3'&+& &% .0&%* '*1%,%(1-+, E %*
(.*3%(-%*('+ %* -* -*'=%03. +4+3'.*+&. 4.0 *+1-0+,%7+ *%(%3'1+ -*+
4%03.*'B'(+(')* '*&%4%*&'%*1% , 10+>+K. %316 (.00%(1+/%*1% &'='&'&.D 4+0+ (+&+
:0-4. &% &'%7 (.00%&.0%3 3% *%(%3'1+ -* 4-0. (%0%>0. (-E. 4+4%, 4.0 .10+ 4+01% *.
%3 &% *'*:-*+ /+*%0+ 40'=',%:'+&. 4-%3 ,+ '*1%,':%*('+ %* %31% (+3. %3 B-*('.*+,M 3),.
1'%*% 4.0 1+0%+ /.310+0 +, 4O>,'(. ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %310+1C:'(+ &% ,+ (./4%1'(')*D +0(%,
'&.1 4-%3 3% 0%&-(% + ,+ 4%03.*+ &% -* +*+,'31+ /%1'(-,.3.M 3- 4+4%, %3
=%(%3 -* (.00%&.0 1./+ >+K. 3- 0%34.*3+>','&+& ,+ 1+0%+ (%0%>0+, 3

?A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

K-31+/%*1% %, (+3. &% .-'3.* .>%1 E +,,2 0+&'(+ ,+ .0':'*+,'&+& &% 3- N4+4%,N ,
4.&%0 %310+1C:'(. &% ,.3 (.00%&.0%3 %3 :%*%0+,/%*1% &C>', *. 3.>0%4+3+ %, +01% &%
+,:-*+3 3'/-,+('.*%3 :0.3%0+3 QZ->,%0 0%40%3%*1+ -*+ (./%&'+ 4+0+ %*:+8+0 +,
+&=%03+0'.R * %, (+3. &% .>%1 %31+ '*&'='3')* /.*310-.3+ &% ,.3 4+4%,%3 %*:%*&0+
-*+ 4.4-,+0'&+& +/>':-+ /-(5. /63 1-0>'+ L-% ,+ &% -* .44' . ,+ &% -* Z.>,%1D
.>%1 4'%*3+ &%/+3'+&. %3 -* *. -* , @
3+ /%&'(')* &% ,+ '*1%,':%*('+ %*10% ,+ 4-0+ /.0+, &%, 3+(0'B'('. E ,+ &-0+ ,%E
&%, C<'1. 10+&-(% -* .0&%* /%*1+, (./4,%K. + ,+ =%7 -1)4'(. E 0%+,'31+ (.*B.0/+&.
(.* ,.3 =%31':'.3 &% -*+ C1'(+ /-E +*1':-+ B%-&+, . 106:'(+ E (.* %<':%*('+3 *-%=+3
+40.4'+&+3 +, /-*&. &% ,+ (./4%1%*('+ 1.1+, * %31+ +/>':V%&+& 0+&'(+ ,+
3':*'B'(+(')* %3%*('+, &% ,+ !-%,1+D ,+ /%7(,+ 3+>'+ &% +/>+3 (.+01+&+3 ,+ (.+01+&+
'&%+,'31+ E ,+ (.+01+&+ 0%+,'31+ 4%0/'1% + ,+ ,%E%*&+ (->0'0 (.* -* =%,. 5.*.0+>,% E
%<('1+*1% + ,+ =%7 ,.3 &%1%0/'*'3/.3 %(.*)/'(.3 &% *-%310+ :0+* %4.4%E+
%0. 3%+ (-+, B-%0% ,+ +/>':V%&+& &%, 3+(0'B'('. C31% 3% 0%'*1%:0+ B'*+,/%*1% +,
.0&%* &% ,+ (,+0'&+&D ,+ ,%E%*&+ ,. '*31+,+ 3'* (%3+0 %* -*+ 4-0+ &'34.3'(')*
43'(.,):'(+ + !-%,1+ 3% 3+,=+ &%, /+,%31+0 &% ,+ ,'>%01+& 4.0L-% 4.0 &%B'*'(')*
(.*31'1-E% + 5% 3%8+,+&. ()/. %3+3 %3%*('+,
3% %31+>,%(2+* :0+('+3 + -* *./'*+,'3/. 3.>%0+*. L-% 5+(% &%, *./>0% &%, (.00%&.0
%, &%4)3'1. %31+>,% &% -* =+,.0 %1%0*. Q .,%11. ,+ %,%:+*('+M %/'*'+*' ,+
0%:-,+0'&+&M +-0%&' ,+ 10+'(')* %1( R # C $
: ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ ,+3 (.31-/>0%3 ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ E ,.3 0%:,+/%*1.3 0%,+('.*+*
3-(%3'=+/%*1% %3+3 %3%*('+3D (./. ,.3 61./.3 3% 0.7+* 3% -*%* 3% 0%(5+7+* E &%
%3% K-%:. *+(% ,+ %4.4%E+ * 4.(. /63 +&%,+*1% 40%3%*1. -* ,C<'(. (+0+(1%0.,):'(.
&% ,.3 (.00%&.0%3 4.0 ,. /%*.3 &% +L-%,,.3 L-% 5+* +&L-'0'&. -* =+,.0 3%/6*1'(.
3%:-0.M 3% 4-%&% (.*B'+0 %* %3+ 1'4.,.:2+ 4.0L-% %3 %31+>,%M *.3 %*B0%*1+/.3 (.*
%3%*('+3 % 4-%&% &%('0 L-% %* %31% (+3. (./. %* ,+ (./%&'+ (,63'(+ %34%('+,/%*1%
%* ,+ (./%&'+ &%, +01% 4%0. (.* -* .0&%* 1.1+,/%*1% &'31'*1. &% (.*310-((')* Q,+
&-0+(')* ()/'(+ 3':-% 3'%*&. ,+ &% -* 1%+10. &%, (.*B,'(1. /'%*10+3 L-% ,+ &-0+(')*
&% ,+ !-%,1+ %3 ,+ &%, 0%,+1. *.=%,%3(.R %, %34%(16(-,. 3-0:% &%, +3./>0. +*1% ,+3
0%,+('.*%3 5-/+*+3D ,+3 %3%*('+3 (5.(+* &%3&% 1.&+3 ,+3 B':-0+3 4.3'>,%3
0%. L-% ,+ !-%,1+ %3 %, /%K.0 %K%/4,. L-% K+/63 5+E+/.3 %*(.*10+&. &% -*
/'1. 1.1+, E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. +/>':-. + !-%,1+ %3 1+*1. -* /'1. &% %<40%3')* (./. -*
/'1. &% 40.E%((')* 3'/-,16*%+/%*1% 0%+,'31+ E -1)4'(. + !-%,1+ %<40%3+ E ,'>%0+ +
,.3 B0+*(%3%3 + 10+=C3 &% -*+ B6>-,+ O*'(+ &.*&% ,+3 '/4.31-0+3 10+&'('.*+,%3
Q43'(.,.:2+ &% ,+3 %3%*('+3 /.0+, &%, (./>+1% /+:'('@&+& &% ,.3 %,%/%*1.3 E &% ,+3
B-%07+3 K%0+0L-2+ &% ,.3 3-4%05./>0%3 E &% ,.3 &./C31'(.3R 3% /%7(,+* (.* B.0/+3
&% '*1%0C3 4.3'1'=. (.* ,+ '/+:%* -1)4'(+ &% -* /-*&. L-% >-3(+ .>31'*+&+/%*1%
0%(.*(','+03% 4.0 %, %34%(16(-,. &% ,+ (,+0'&+& 1.1+, &% ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 %*10% %, 5./>0%
,.3 5./>0%3 E ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ . ='('+&. &% ,+ !-%,1+ %3 3- >+3% ,.3 /)=',%3
%(.*)/'(.3 %, 40.=%(5. O,1'/. &% ,+ 40-%>+ :%*%0+&.0 &% (.+01+&+3 '&%.,):'(+3
.&. %31. *. '/4'&% L-% ,+ !-%,1+ 3%+ -* 5%(5. *+('.*+, B+3('*+*1% 4-%31. L-% ,+
%4.4%E+ %<40%3+ %3% /./%*1. B06:', &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ %* L-% %, 5./>0% +-* 1.04%
%*:+8+&. 40%=C &% 1.&.3 /.&.3 + 3- /+*%0+ E + 10+=C3 &% B6>-,+3 '/4-0+3 -*+
+&%(-+(')* 4%0B%(1+ %*10% C, ,+ (./-*'&+& E %, -*'=%03.

#'1 0 DD2

> 0) 2 , &.>,% &% .-'3.* %3 1+/>'C* 3- *%:+1'=.M %3 ,+ :0+* =2(1'/+ &% ,+

??
Roland Barthes Mitologías

!-%,1+ .*3+:0+ N(./. 5%0/+*.N %, 3+(0'B'('. 1.1+, &% 3- 4%03.*+ + 3- 5%0/+*.

/+E.0 31% (.00%&.0 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% &%3/.0+,'7+&. 3-B0% -* :0+=% /+,D 4'%*3+
- (-+,'&+& &% '*1%,%(1-+, 4+1%*1+&. Q%3 40.B%3.0 &% '*:,C3 E ,,%=+ %*.0/%3 ,%*1%3R ,.
(./40./%1% + -*+ ,-('&%7 &%310-(1'=+D +*+,'7+ 3- 3-B0'/'%*1. E 4'%0&% %* ,+
'*10.34%((')* ,+ =%*1+K+ &% -*+ /-3(-,+1-0+ 3-4%0'.0 + ,+ &% 3- 5%0/+*. 3
4.0 ,. 1+*1. -* 1'4. 3'* 3-%01%
> 0# 2 .>%1 %3 -* 5C0.% 40./%1%'(.M 1'%*% -* /+:*2B'(.
1%/4%0+/%*1. &% ,-(5+&.0 -* 3%*1'&. +:-&. &% ,+ .0:+*'7+(')* %3 -* (+,(-,+&.0
+4-*1+ 0%+,'31+/%*1% + - /+, 0+&'(+ %* -* :%0/%* &% (%0%>0+,'&+& Q1'%*%
/%*.3 (%0%>0+,'&+& L-% 3- 5%0/+*.M 3),. %3 >+(5',,%0RM (.*.(% ,+ '*L-'%1-& %,
.0:-,,. 5%0'&.D %3 -* >','.3. * 9AA 1-=. L-% %*B0%*1+0 -*+ 4%3+&+ 3.,%&+&D 3'* ,+
40%3%*('+ &% Z.>,%1 E &% .44' ,-(5+*&. (.* 3-3 B+*1+3/+3 3'* 0'=+,%3 &%(,+0+&.3
B-%01% E 3.,'1+0'. 1.&. ,. +/%*+7+>+ E %, 4%,':0. 4.&2+ 3-0:'0 &% (-+,L-'%0 4+01% QN %
5+02+* B+,1+ .44'3 Z.>,%13 4-%3 0%3-,1+ &%/+3'+&. &-0. %31+0 3.,. (./. B+=.0'1.NR
, 5+ ,,%:+&. + (.*3+:0+0 -* 1'4. &% (.00%&.0 /-E 4+01'(-,+0 %* %, L-% ,+
%*%0:2+ %316 0%&.>,+&+ 4.0 -*+ '*1%0'.0'&+& +*+,21'(+ E (+,(-,+&.0+
> E '/>.,'7+ ,+ K.=%* :%*%0+(')* +3(%*&%*1% + 3+>'&. '*L-'%1+0 + 3-3
/+E.0%3 '(,'31+ /+:*2B'(. &% 5-/.0 .B%*3'=. L-% 0%*+(% 3'* (%3+0
* , (.00%&.0 /63 %,%:+*1% &% ,+ !-%,1+
* C0.% 4%0B%(1. .>0% ,+ >'('(,%1+ 4.3%% 1.&+3 ,+3 ='01-&%3 +*1+3/+
1%/'>,%
8 %0>%0. '*:0+1. 4%0. O1', %0='&.0 (%,.3. &% ,+ (+-3+ 10'(.,.0 +
L-'%* 4.0 %31+ 0+7)* 3% ,% 4%0&.*+ 3%0 -* (5-4+00-%&+3 -* (+0(%,%0. '*10+1+>,%
8 9 '(,'31+ 3.,'1+0'. 1+('1-0*. 5.,+*&C3
9 -%=. +0(6*:%, &% ,+ /.*1+8+ B%>. &%3(-'&+&. &%,:+&. L-%0->2*
/-(5+(5. '/>%0>% :06(', % '*3.,%*1% +&.,%3(%*1% :%*'+, %3 %, '/>+-& &% ,+ !-%,1+
* ('%01.3 /./%*1.3 +-, %316 5+>'1+&. 4.0 -* &'.3M %*1.*(%3 3-3 &.*%3
3.>0%*+1-0+,%3 5+(%* 4%3+0 3.>0% ,.3 0'=+,%3 -*+ +/%*+7+ /'31%0'.3+ , 40%3%*1%
&'='*. .B0%('&. + +-, %3 ,+ ,':%0%7+D 4.0 ,+ :0+('+ =-%,. E 4,+*%. Q+-3%*('+
/'31%0'.3+ &% %3B-%07.3R +-, 3% +3%/%K+ +, +=% . +, +=')* Q3% 4.3+ :0+('.3+/%*1%
3.>0% ,.3 4'(.3 &% ,.3 ,4%3 E 3-3 4%&+,%3 :'0+* (./. 5C,'(%3R %0. 1+/>'C* + =%(%3
%, &'.3 ,. +>+*&.*+ E 3- /'0+&+ 3% =-%,=% N%<10+8+/%*1% =+(2+N ./. 1.&. 3%0
/21'(. L-% 1'%*% %, 4.&%0 &% =%*(%0 %, +'0% . %, +:-+ +-, %* ,+ 1'%00+ 3% =-%,=%
1.04% % '/4.1%*1%M %, &.* &'='*. ,% %31.0>+ QN . 3C (.00%0 %* .10+ 4+01% L-% *. 3%+ ,+
/.*1+8+ 5+31+ %* 3->'&+ 3.,+/%*1% * >+K+&+ 3.E 1.04% " 4% -2
9 Q,,+/+&. +,45 . %/R .00% (.* ,+ 0%:-,+0'&+& ,%+, E -* 1+*1.
1.04% &% -* /.1.0 .*1+8C3 5.*%31. 4%0. 3'* 6*:%, %3B+=.0%('&. E 3'/461'(.
+0,+*(52*
F $ Q,,+/+&. +33%* %, /+:*2B'(. . +33%* %, (.03+0'.R .00%&.0
(./>+1'=. E 3-B'('%*1% QN . 1%*:. -* .>%1 %* (+&+ 4'%0*+NR 3 %, :-%00%0. +0&'%*1%
L-% 3),. 3+>% (./>+1'0 K+/63 B'*:'0
? %&+,'31+ %*(+*1+&.0 L-% 4.&2+ 4%0/'1'03% 1.&. 5+31+ *. (+,(-,+0 3-3
%3B-%07.3 3 %, +*1'@ .>%1 4+0+ L-'%* 3':-% 3'%*&. (./. .44' -*+ 3./>0+
1%/'>,% +-*L-% +-3%*1%
? Q,,+/+&. %0&' . %, :-',+ &%, &7'\',R *:-,+0 &%3(-+K+0'*:+&. 3%(.
E (+40'(5.3. Z->,%0 4+01'('4+ &%, 1%/+ &% ,. :+,=6*'(. =%(%3 3- , 3% 5+(%
3.34%(5.3. &% +01'B'('+,'&+& QS3% &0.:+TR 0+:'(./%&'+*1% Q1.3% E (.K%+ 3),. (-+*&.
,. /'0+*R * 3- (+,'&+& &% 3-'7. +,%/6* Z->,%0 1'%*% %, &%0%(5. E %, &%>%0 &% 5+>,+0

?"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

(./. ,.3 '*&'.3 ':-+, L-% ,.3 1%-1.*%3 &% +,7+( E ,.3 %<10+*K%0.3 &% ,+ .*&%3+ &%
%:-0 QN %0&' /+,+ 3-%01% %/ 3'%/40% &%1063 %0&' %0&' *. 4.&%0 4+01'0NR
# 3 %, 10+'&.0 %, /+,&'1. &% ,+ !-%,1+ &%, AA 31+ 3'1-+(')* ,% 5+
4%0/'1'&. 3%0 +>'%01+/%*1% 36&'(.D L-'3. 5+(%0 3-B0'0 + .>%1 (.*='01'C*&.3% %*
3+*:-'K-%,+ B%0.7 &%1063 &% 3- 0-%&+ % =% .>,':+&. + +>+*&.*+0D S3% 10+1+ &% -*
(+31':.T * 1.&. (+3. %3 3%:-0+/%*1% -*+ +&=%01%*('+
, 5./>0% &%, O,1'/. [',)/%10.
3 0. 2 -+=% %31.'(. 3.('+>,% -1%0. B'0/% +*1% ,+ +&=%03'&+&
0%:-,+0 %* 3-3 +(1-+('.*%3 0%:+0'. &% .>%1 %>+1% (.0*%,'+*.D S5+(% B+,1+
'*/.,+0,.T +(0'B'('. 1'4. E+ L-% %3 '*K-31. E *%(%3+0'.

+9 .4 3),. (.*.(% %, 4+'3+K% >+K. ,+ B.0/+ &% ,. 4'*1.0%3(. 3 4'*1.0%3(.

1.&. ,. L-% %3 +(('&%*1+&. * ,+ 9 .4 3% 0%%*(-%*10+ ,+ 40./.(')* >-0:-%3+ &%
,+ /.*1+8+ %, ='%K. /'1. +,4'*. Q='%*% &%, 3':,. R L-% '&% +3.('+>+ (.* 1.&+
K-31'('+ + ,+ /.0+, 5%,=C1'([email protected]%31+*1% E L-% 3'%/40% B-*('.*) (./. -*+ /%7(,+
>+31+0&+ &% *+1-0+,'3/. E 4-0'1+*'3/. Q0%:%*%0+(')* 4.0 %, +'0% 4-0. '&%+3 /.0+,%3
+*1% ,+3 (-/>0%3 %, +3(%*3. (./. ('='3/. %1( R *10% ,.3 *-/%0.3.3 %34%(16(-,.3
40./.='&.3 4.0 ,+ 9 .4 (.* %<'31%*('+ %31C1'(+ &'B2(',/%*1% 3% %*(-%*10+ ,+
,,+*-0+ Q3+,=. (-+*&. 4-%&% &%('03% L-% %3 BC01',R K+/63 ,+ /%3%1+ ),. ,+ /.*1+8+
,+ L-%>0+&+ %, &%3B',+&%0. E %, 1.00%*1% 4-%&%* +((%&%0 +, 4+*1%)* &%, ='+K% 3'* &-&+
4.0 %, 5%(5. &% L-% 4+0%(%* 3-31%*1+0 -*+ /.0+, &%, %3B-%07. E &% ,+ 3.,%&+& , ='+K%
&% ,+ 9 .4 3% 0%=%,+ +32 (./. -* .0&%*+/'%*1. %(.*)/'(. &%, 10+>+K. %,
3-(%&6*%. B6(', &% ,+ /+0(5+ /.0+,'7+*1% 3 >-%*. 0%(.0&+0 L-% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ &C ,+
9 .4 40.='%*% &%, O,1'/. 3':,. &% %3+ B+3% 5'31)0'(+ %* L-% ,+ >-0:-%32+ :.7+>+
&% -*+ %34%('% &% %-B.0'+ +>3.,-1+/%*1% B0%3(+ +, %, %3B-%07. (.*3%0=+0 ,+
'/+:%* E ,+ ='01-& &% %3% %3B-%07. E + ,+ =%7 *. 3-B0'0 3-3 /.,%31'+3 * &%B'*'1'=+
/-E ,):'(+ E %31O4'&+/%*1% ,+ '*:0+1'1-& &%, 4+'3+K% 3- (+0%*('+ &% +/4,'1-& . &%
5-/+*'&+& 3- =%01'(+,'&+& 1+* (.*10+0'+ + X+ B%,'('&+& &%, ='+K% 3.* ,.3 %,%/%*1.3
L-% ,% .1.0:+* '*1%0C3 * O,1'/+ '*31+*('+ ,+ 9 4.&06 %3(0'>'0 B02+/%*1%D N + 0-1+
3% =-%,=% /-E 4'*1.0%3(+ Q1O*%,%3RND 4.(. '/4.01+ L-% *. 3% =%+ *+&+ /63 4-%31.
L-% +L-2 %, 1O*%, 3% 5+ (.*=%01'&. %* %, 3':*. 3-B'('%*1% &% ,+ /.*1+8+M %3 -* =+,.0
B'&-('+0'. ,. >+31+*1% B-%01% (./. 4+0+ L-% -*. E+ *. 3% 40%.(-4% &% (.>0+0,.
32 (./. 3% +&-,+ + ,+ /.*1-.3'&+& 5+31+ %, %<10%/. &% +*'L-',+0 ,.3 .10.3
1'4.3 &% 5.0'7.*1%3 ,+ 5-/+*'&+& &%, 4+23 &%3+4+0%(% %* 40.=%(5. %<(,-3'=. &% 3-3
/.*-/%*1.3 +0+ ,+ 9 .4 ,.3 5./>0%3 3),. %<'31%* (./. N1'4.3N * 34+8+
4.0 %K%/4,. %, =+3(. %3 -* /+0'*. +=%*1-0%0. %, ,%=+*1'*. -* K+0&'*%0. +,%:0% %,
(+1+,6* -* 56>', (./%0('+*1% E %, (6*1+>0. -* /.*1+8C3 3%*1'/%*1+, !.,=%/.3 +
%*(.*10+0 +L-2 %, ='0-3 &% ,+ %3%*('+ L-% %316 %* %, B.*&. &% 1.&+ /'1.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+
&%, 5./>0% Q/.1'=. 4.0 %, (-+, 10.4%7+/.3 (.* %,,+ 1+* + /%*-&.R + %1*'+
5'346*'(+ 3% 0%&-(% + -* =+31. >+,,%1 (,63'(. + -*+ 3-%01% &% (./%&'+ &%, +01% /-E
(-%0&+ (-E+ 1'4.,.:2+ 3'0=% 4+0+ %*/+3(+0+0 %, %34%(16(-,. 0%+, &% ,+3 (.*&'('.*%3
&% ,+3 (,+3%3 E &% ,.3 .B'('.3 .('+,/%*1% 4+0+ ,+ 9 .4 ,.3 5./>0%3 %<'31%*
O*'(+/%*1% %* ,.3 10%*%3 &.*&% 4-%>,+* -*+ 1%0(%0+ (,+3% N/%7(,+&+N .0 ,.
&%/63 3),. 3'0=%* (./. %,%/%*1.3 '*10.&-(1.0'.3 (./4.*%* -* :0+('.3. &%(.0+&.
*.=%,%3(. &%31'*+&. + 0.&%+0 ,. %3%*('+, &%, 4+23D 3- (.,%((')* &% /.*-/%*1.3

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4+01% &% 3-3 &%3B',+&%0.3 3+,=+K%3 ,-:+0%3 &% %E+(-,+(')* /.0+, ,+ 34+8+ &%
,+ 9 .4 (.*.(% -* 3.,. %34+('.D %, L-% 1%K% + 10+=C3 &% +,:-*.3 =+(2.3
'**./>0+>,%3 -*+ (+&%*+ +40%1+&+ &% ':,%3'+3 3+(0'312+3 0%1+>,.3 (0-(%3 (-31.&'.3
1.00%3 Q3'%/40% .(1.:.*+,%3R :0-4.3 %3(-,4'&.3 Q,+ B+/','+ E %, 10+>+K.R 4.01+,%3
0./+*.3 *+=%3 E (0-('B'K.3 1+/+8. *+1-0+, ./. 3% =% 1.&.3 %3.3 /.*-/%*1.3 3.*
0%,':'.3.3 4-%3 &%3&% -* 4-*1. &% ='31+ >-0:-C3 0%3-,1+ 4.(. /%*.3 L-% '/4.3'>,%
'/+:'*+0 -*+ 5'31.0'+ &%, +01% L-% *. 3%+ (0'31'+*+ E (+1),'(+ , (0'31'+*'3/. %3 %,
40'/%0 40.=%%&.0 &%, 1-0'3/. E 3),. 3% ='+K+ 4+0+ ='3'1+0 ':,%3'+3 * %, (+3. &%
34+8+ %3% '/4%0'+,'3/. %3 >-B.*%3(. 4-%3 %, (+1.,'('3/. 3% 40%3%*1+ + /%*-&.
(./. -*+ B-%07+ >60>+0+ L-% 5+ &%:0+&+&. %31O4'&+/%*1% ,.3 ,.:0.3 +*1%0'.0%3 &% ,+
('=','7+(')* /-3-,/+*+ + /%7L-'1+ &% )0&.>+ (-E+ /+0+=',,.3+ 3%,=+ &%
(.,-/*+3 %316 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% .>310-'&+ 4.0 4%3+&.3 +,1+0%3 . &%1%0/'*+&. 3'1'.
&%3*+1-0+,'7+&. 4.0 %, =-%,. +:0%3'=. &% -*+ !'0:%* /.*-/%*1+, QB0+*L-'31+R
&%>%02+* '*('1+0 +, >-0:-C3 B0+*(C3 + %*10%=%0 4.0 -*+ =%7 %* 3- ='&+ L-% 1+/>'C*
%<'31% -* 0%=%03. 5'31)0'(. &%, (0'31'+*'3/.
* :%*%0+, ,+ 9 .4 1%31'/.*'+ ,+ =+*'&+& &% 1.&+ &%3(0'4(')* +*+,21'(+
L-% 0%(5+7+ + ,+ =%7 ,+ %<4,'(+(')* E ,+ B%*./%*.,.:2+D *. 0%34.*&% + *'*:-*+
&% ,+3 40%:-*1+3 L-% -* ='+K%0. /.&%0*. 4-%&% 4,+*1%+03% (-+*&. +10+='%3+ -*
4+'3+K% 0%+, " 1 + 3%,%((')* &% ,.3 /.*-/%*1.3 3-40'/% ,+ 0%+,'&+& &% ,+
1'%00+ E ,+ &% ,.3 5./>0%3 *. 1%31'/.*'+ *+&+ &%, 40%3%*1% %3 &%('0 5'31)0'(.M 4.0
%3. %, /.*-/%*1. 3% =-%,=% '*&%3('B0+>,% 4.0 ,. 1+*1. %31O4'&. % %31+
/+*%0+ %, %34%(16(-,. %316 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% %* =2+3 &% +*'L-',+(')* E ,+ 9 3%
(.*='%01% 4.0 -*+ .4%0+(')* (./O* + 1.&+ /'31'B'(+(')* %* ,. (.*10+0'. &% ,. L-%
40%1%*&% %* -* '*310-/%*1. &% .(-,1+/'%*1. , 0%&-('0 ,+ :%.:0+B2+ + ,+ &%3(0'4(')*
&% -* /-*&. /.*-/%*1+, % '*5+>'1+&. ,+ 9 .4 %<40%3+ -*+ /'1.,.:2+ E+
3-4%0+&+ 4.0 -*+ 4+01% &% ,+ /'3/+ >-0:-%32+ 3 %='&%*1% L-% %, ='+K% 3% 5+
(.*=%01'&. Q. =-%,1. + (.*=%01'0R %* -*+ =2+ &% +40.<'/+(')* 5-/+*+ E *. E+
N(-,1-0+,N 10+ =%7 QL-'763 (./. %* %, 3':,. ! R %, .>K%1. B-*&+/%*1+, &%, ='+K%
%316 (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 ,+3 (.31-/>0%3 %* 3- B.0/+ (.1'&'+*+ E ,+ :%.:0+B2+ 5-/+*+ %,
-0>+*'3/. ,+ 3.('.,.:2+ ,+ %(.*./2+ 10+7+* ,.3 (-+&0.3 &% ,.3 =%0&+&%0.3
'*1%00.:+*1%3 &% 5.E '*(,-3'=% ,+3 40%:-*1+3 /63 40.B+*+3 + 9 .4 3% 5+
&%1%*'&. %* -*+ /'1.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ 4+0('+,/%*1% 4%0'/'&+D +L-%,,+ L-% 4.31-,+>+
%, +01% Q0%,':'.3.R (./. =+,.0 B-*&+/%*1+, &% ,+ (-,1-0+ 4%0. L-% 3),. (.*3'&%0+>+
3-3 N0'L-%7+3N E 3-3 N1%3.0.3N (./. -* +,/+(%*+/'%*1. 0%(.*B.01+*1% &% /%0(+*(2+3
Q(0%+(')* &% ,.3 /-3%.3R 31+ (.*&-(1+ 10+&-(2+ -*+ &.>,% %<':%*('+D &'34.*%0 &%
-*+ (.+01+&+ (-,1-0+, 1+* N%=+&'&+N (./. B-%3% 4.3'>,% E +, /'3/. 1'%/4.
/+*1%*%0 %3+ (.+01+&+ %* ,+3 0%&%3 &% -* 3'31%/+ *-/%0+>,% E +40.4'+1'=. &%
/+*%0+ L-% %* (-+,L-'%0 /./%*1. 3% 4-&'%3% (.*1+>','7+0 ,. '*%B+>,% >='+/%*1%
%31% /'1. &%, ='+K% 3% =-%,=% (./4,%1+/%*1% +*+(0)*'(. +-* %* %, 3%*. &% ,+
>-0:-%32+ E 3-4.*:. L-% 3' 3% (.*B'+0+ ,+ %,+>.0+(')* &% -*+ *-%=+ :-2+ 1-0231'(+
4.0 %K%/4,. + ,+3 0%&+(1.0+3 &% #761 + ,.3 0%&+(1.0%3 &% 3% =%02+ 3-0:'0
+-*L-% 1+/>'C* B-%0+* &'3(-1'>,%3 4+23%3 1.1+,/%*1% &'31'*1.3D + ,+ 34+8+ &%
*L-%1', . &% +0.-33% 3-(%&%02+ ,+ 34+8+ &% '%:B0'%& E ,-%:. ,+ &% .-0+31'C +
%3 4.3'>,% =%0 %* ,+ -2+ '(5%,'* ()/. %, *O/%0. &% (-+01.3 &% >+8. E &% (->'%01.3
&% 5.1%,%3 0'=+,'7+ (.* %, &% ,+3 N(-0'.3'&+&%3 +01231'(+3ND ,.3 /'1.3 >-0:-%3%3 1'%*%*
1+/>'C* 3- :%.,.:2+ &'B%0%*('+,
3 =%0&+& L-% %* ,. L-% (.*('%0*% + 34+8+ %, (+06(1%0 %*(%:-%('&. E
0%10):0+&. &% ,+ &%3(0'4(')* %3 %, L-% /%K.0 (.*='%*% +, B0+*L-'3/. ,+1%*1% &% ,+

?9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

9 , /+0:%* &% ,.3 0%,+1.3 5'31)0'(.3 40.4'+/%*1% &'(5.3 Q4.0 ,. &%/63 %3(+3.3 E
4.>0%3 4-%3 3% 3+>% L-% ,+ 5'31.0'+ *. %3 -*+ >-0:-%3+ (.00%(1+R 0%,+1.3 %* ,.3 L-%
,.3 0%4->,'(+*.3 3'%/40% 3.* N%<10%/'31+3N &%&'(+&.3 + &%34.K+0 ,+3 ':,%3'+3 Q4%0.
*+&+ 3.>0% -%0*'(+R /'%*10+3 ,.3 >-%*.3 N*+('.*+,%3N .(-4+* 3- 1'%/4. %* N,'>%0+0N
:0+('+3 + 3-3 N56>',%3 /+*'.>0+3 %310+1C:'(+3N E + N0%3'31%*('+3 5%0.'(+3N 3%8+,+0C ,+
B,.0+(')* &% -* 3.>%0>'. /'1.@(.+01+&+ %, &% ,+ &%, 4+23 ,+0. %316 3%
10+1+ &% -*+ 40.34%0'&+& N%31+&231'(+N E N:,.>+,N . 4+0+ 3%0 /63 %<+(1. N(./%0('+,N
+9 *. *.3 &'(% 4.0 3-4-%31. ()/. %316 0%4+01'&+ %3+ 5%0/.3+ 40.34%0'&+& '*
&-&+ 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ &'310'>-(')* K%060L-'(+ 4-%31. L-% 3% *.3 40%('3+ (.* (,+0'&+&
L-% N%, %3B-%07. 3%0'. E 4+('%*1% &% %31% 4-%>,. 5+ ,,%:+&. 5+31+ ,+ 0%B.0/+ &% 3-
3'31%/+ 4.,21'(. + B'* &% .>1%*%0 ,+ 0%:%*%0+(')* 4.0 ,+ +4,'(+(')* ,%:+, &% 3),'&.3
40'*('4'.3 &% .0&%* E &% K%0+0L-2+N

4 -

.E %, 4%0'.&'3/. %316 =.,(+&. + ,+ 1%(*.(0+('+ E *-%310+ 40%*3+ 3%/+*+, %3 ,+

3%&% &% -*+ =%0&+&%0+ /+:'310+1-0+ &% ,+ (.*('%*('+ E &%, (.*3%K. (./. %* ,.3 /63
>%,,.3 1'%/4.3 &% ,.3 K%3-21+3 % 10+1+ &% -*+ /.0+, /.&%0*+ %3 &%('0 *.
%/+*('4+&+ 3'*. +=+,+&+ 4.0 ,+ ('%*('+ E 4+0+ ,+ L-% 3% 0%L-'%0% /%*.3 %, 4+0%(%0 &%,
3+>'. -*'=%03+, L-% %, &%, %34%('+,'31+ +&+ )0:+*. &%, (-%04. 5-/+*. Q4-%3
&%>%/.3 4+01'0 &% ,. (.*(0%1.R 1'%*% 3- 1C(*'(. 4+4+ E 3+>'. 3-40%/. + ,+ =%7D %,
&%*1'31+ &% * 4+0+ ,+ >.(+ %, /C&'(. &% N .(1.0 0%34)*&+/%N 4+0+ ,+3
5%/.00+:'+3 *+3+,%3 ,.3 '*:%*'%0.3 &%, K+>)* # 1 4+0+ ,+ 4'%, -* 4+&0% &./'*'(.
4+0+ %, +,/+ E ,+ (0.*'31+ &% ,+3 0%='31+3 B%/%*'*+3 4+0+ %, (.0+7)*
, (.0+7)* %3 -* )0:+*. 5%/>0+ 0+1+0,. %<':% &%*10. &%, .0&%* /.0+, -*+
(./4%1%*('+ 1+* 4+01'(-,+0 (./. ,+ &%, :'*%(),.:. %* %, .0&%* B'3'.,):'(. *
(.*3%(-%*('+ ,+ (.*3%K%0+ .(-4+ 3- 4-%31. :0+('+3 + ,+ 3-/+ &% 3-3 (.*.('/'%*1.3 %*
/+1%0'+ &% (+0&'.,.:2+ /.0+,M 4%0. 1+/>'C* 5+(% B+,1+ -* &.* (+0+(1%0.,):'(. L-% %3
(./. 3% 3+>% ,+ /+0(+ :,.0'.3+ &%, /C&'(. 406(1'(. B0+*(C3 Q4.0 %K%/4,. B0%*1% 3-3
(.B0+&%3 *.01%+/%0'(+*.3R M ,+ +,'+*7+ &% -*+ %<4%0'%*('+ /-E ,+0:+ L-% '/4,'(+ -*+
%&+& 0%34%1+>,% E &% -*+ K-=%*1-& &% (.0+7)* %1%0*+ &%B'*% %* %31% (+3. %, &%0%(5. +
,+ ('%*('+ + (.*3%K%0+ &%, (.0+7)* 40%3%*1+ -* 1'4. B0+*(C3 40%31':'.3. %, &%,
< &.1+&. &% -*+ 3+*+ B0+*L-%7+ QL-% 4-%&% ,,%:+0 5+31+ %,
/+,10+1.R &% -*+ :0+* ='=+('&+& &% 0C4,'(+ &% -*+ (.0&-0+ %3(,+0%('&+ 4%0.
(.*B'+&+ E (-E+ ('%*('+ 0%+, E /.&%31+/%*1% .(-,1+ 3'%/40% %316 3->,'/+&+ 4.0 %,
3C3+/. &% ,+ (.*1%*('.3+ /.0+, >-0:-%3+D %,
* ,. L-% %, (.00%. 1'%*% + >'%* /.310+0*.3 &% %,,+3 ,+3 (.*3-,1+*1%3 3.*
(-'&+&.3+/%*1% &%34.K+&+3 &% 1.&+ (.*&'(')*D +32 (./. >+K. %, %3(+,4%,. '/4+0('+,
&%, ('0-K+*. 3% 4.*% :%*%0.3+/%*1% %*10% 4+0C*1%3'3 %, .0':%* 3.('+, &%, 4+('%*1%
>+K. ,+ /'0+&+ &% ,+ (.*3%K%0+ ,+ 4.31-,+*1% 3% 0%&-(% + -* 4-0. )0:+*. (+0&'+(.
),. ,+ &%B'*% 3- (+,'&+& &% /-K%0D ,+ (.*&'(')* 3.('+, %316 10+1+&+ (./. -*+ 0%+,'&+&
4+063'1+ '*O1', L-% 4.&02+ %31.0>+0 %, (-'&+&. &% ,+ 4-0+ %3%*('+ B%/%*'*+ ),. ,.3
5./>0%3 0+7+ %<1%0'.0 L-% B.0/+ %, N1%/+N &%, (.*3%K. %* %, 3%*1'&. ,.:231'(. &%,
1C0/'*. Q+L-%,,. &% ,. L-% 3% 5+>,+R 1'%*%* &%0%(5. + 3%0 3%0%3 3.('+,%3 Q%3 *%(%3+0'.
&%3&% %, /./%*1. L-% %,,.3 2: 3% ,%3 4-%&% 4-%3 B'K+0 -*+ /%1+D %* :%*%0+,
3%06 ,+ &%, '*&-310'+, L-% 5+ 10'-*B+&.
+ 5-/+*'&+& &%, (.00%. 3%*1'/%*1+, 0%40.&-(% -*+ 1'4.,.:2+ %3%*('+,/%*1%

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

K-02&'(+M B-%0+ &% 1.&. 0./+*1'('3/. . &% 1.&+ '*=%31':+(')* /63 . /%*.3 0%+, &% ,.
='='&. 3':-% -* .0&%* %31+>,% &% ,+3 %3%*('+3D %, &%, )&':. '=', , /-*&.@/-K%0 3%
0%4+01% %* 10%3 (,+3%3 &% %31+1-1. &'B%0%*1%D ,+ Q='0:%*R ,+ , 1 E ,+
Q/-K%0 *. (+3+&+ . ='-&+ . +&O,1%0+ 4%0. &% 1.&+3 /+*%0+3 3.,+ %* %, 40%3%*1% E
L-% 5+ ='='&.R *B0%*1% %316 ,+ 5-/+*'&+& %<1%0'.0 ,+ L-% 0%3'31% . +/%*+7+D %*
40'/%0 ,-:+0 ,.3 L-% 4.3%%* ,+ : &%34-C3 %, %, /+0'&. . %,
=+0)* L-% 1+/>'C* &%1%*1+ %, &%0%(5. 3+:0+&. &% 3.K-7:+0 + ,+ /-K%0 % =%
(,+0+/%*1% L-% + 4%3+0 &% 3- +4+0+1. *.=%,%3(. %, /-*&. &%, (.0+7)* *. %3 -*
/-*&. '/40.='3+&.D 0%40.&-(% 3'%/40% E + 1.&. 40%('. 0%,+('.*%3 K-02&'(+3
%31%0%.1'4+&+3 *(,-3'=% (-+*&. &'(% (.* ,+ =.7 /63 &%3:+00+&.0+ . /63
'*:%*-+ ,+ 5-/+*'&+& &%, (.00%. 3),. %<'31% (./. 3-/+ &% -* 4%L-%8.
*O/%0. &% %,%/%*1.3 B'K.3 (.* *./>0%3 ,.3 /'3/.3 &% ,+ '*31'1-(')* B+/','+0D %,
(.00%. 4.31-,+ ,+ B+/','+ %* %, /./%*1. /'3/. %* L-% 4+0%(% &+03% (./. 1+0%+
,'>%0+&.0+ %<4.*%0 ,.3 '*1%0/'*+>,%3 4,%'1.3 L-% %,,+ 40.&-(%
* %3% /-*&. &% %3%*('+3 ,+ /-K%0 1'%*% (./. %3%*('+ %, %31+0 +/%*+7+&+ +
=%(%3 4.0 ,.3 4+&0%3 /63 + /%*-&. 4.0 %, 5./>0%D %* +/>.3 (+3.3 %, /+10'/.*'.
K-02&'(. %3 ,+ 3+,=+(')* ,+ 0%3.,-(')* &% ,+ (0'3'3 . '/4.01+ L-% %, 5./>0% 3%+
+&O,1%0. 3%&-(1.0 Q+/%*+7+ +/>':-+ 4.0 .10+ 4+01%R . 0%B0+(1+0'.M %, /+10'/.*'.
(./. (.*10+1. 3.('+, &% +40.4'+(')* 3'%/40% 0%3-,1+ ,+ 4+*+(%+ %0. ,+ '*B,%<'>','&+&
&% ,+ /%1+ .>,':+ %* (+3. &% &',+(')* . &% B0+(+3. QE 4.0 &%B'*'(')* %3 %, /./%*1. %*
L-% %, (.00%. '*1%0='%*%R + (.*&-(1+3 '00%+,%3 &% (./4%*3+(')*D ,+3 =+(-*+3 &%,
(.00%. (.*10+ ,+3 +:0%3'.*%3 . ,.3 +>+*&.*.3 &%, 5./>0% +4-*1+* + 3->,'/+0 ,+
&%00.1+ E+ 3%+ 3+*1'B'(6*&.,+ >+K. B.0/+ &% 3+(0'B'('. Q(+,,+03% *. 4%*3+0 3%0 >-%*+
1%*%0 %34%0+*7+R . >'%* 0%'='*&'(6*&.,+ (./. -*+ 4-0+ ,'>%01+& Q*.
4%0&%0 ,+ (+>%7+ 10+>+K+0 >-0,+03% &% ,.3 5./>0%3 (%00+0 B',+3 %*10% /-K%0%3R
32 3%+* (-+,%3 B-%0%* ,+3 (.*10+&'(('.*%3 +4+0%*1%3 ,+ /.0+, &%, (.00%. K+/63
4.31-,+ 4+0+ ,+ /-K%0 .10+ (.*&'(')* L-% *. 3%+ 4+0+3'1+0'+D 3),. %, /+10'/.*'.
*./>06*&.,+ K-02&'(+/%*1% ,+ 5+(% %<'31'0 % =-%,=% + %*(.*10+0 ,+ /'3/+
%310-(1-0+ &%, :'*%(%. &%B'*'&. (./. -*+ ,'>%01+& (,+-3-0+&+ >+K. ,+ /'0+&+ %<1%0'.0
&%, 5./>0% , (.00%. 3%*1'/%*1+, %31+>,%(% /63 3),'&+/%*1% L-% *-*(+ + ,+ /-K%0
(./. %34%('% 7..,):'(+ 4+01'(-,+0 (.,.*'+ &% 4+063'1.3 L-% &'34.*% &% /.='/'%*1.3
'*1%0'.0%3 40.4'.3 (-E+ 4%L-%8+ +/4,'1-& %316 3'%/40% 0%/'1'&+ + ,+ B'K%7+ &%,
%,%/%*1. 1-1.0 Q%, 2 31% 4+0+3'1'3/. /+*'B%31+&. >+K. ,.3 1.L-%3 &% 10./4%1+3 &%
,+ '*&%4%*&%*('+ B%/%*'*+ %*10+8+ *+1-0+,/%*1% -*+ '/4.1%*('+ (./4,%1+ 4+0+
(-+,L-'%0 +4%01-0+ 3.>0% %, /-*&. 0%+,D >+K. %, 40%1%<1. &% -*+ (./4%1%*('+ (-E.3
,2/'1%3 %31+02+* ,%:+,/%*1% 3%8+,+&.3 ,+ (.*3%K%0+ 3'%/40% 0%5O3+ 1./+0 4+01'&. %*
,.3 40.>,%/+3 L-% 4+0%(%02+* %<(%&%0 ,+3 B-*('.*%3 40.4'+3 &%, (.0+7)* B%/%*'*.M ,+
B0+*L-%7+ 3% &%1'%*% 4O&'(+/%*1% %* %, -/>0+, &%, 0+('3/. . &% ,+ 0%,':')* +
0%+,'&+& .3 L-% ,+ (.*3%K%0+ (.*31'1-E% -*+ =+(-*+ &% -3. >'%* 40%('3.M 3- 4+4%,
0%3'&% %* +E-&+0 + '*B-*&'0 -*+ /.0+, (.*B.0/'31+ &% ,+ 3-K%(')* * ,+ (.*3%K%0+ 3%
+:,-1'*+ 1.&. %, 4.1%*('+, &% %/+*('4+(')* &% ,+ %34%('% B%/%*'*+D %* %,,+ ,+3
/-K%0%3 3.* ,'>0%3 4.0 40.(-0+(')* + ,'>%01+& +4+0%*1% &% ,.3 (.*3%K.3 &'34%*3+ &%
,+ ,'>%01+& 0%+, &% ,+3 (.*&-(1+3D 3'/-,+ +B,.K+0 -* 4.(. 3.>0% ,+ /.0+, 4+0+ +B'0/+0
(.* /63 B-%07+ ,.3 &.:/+3 (.*31'1-1'=.3 &% ,+ 3.('%&+&

" " "

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+ 0%='31+ 6 Q=%0&+&%0. 1%3.0. /'1.,):'(.R *.3 40%3%*1+ (+3' 1.&+3 ,+3

3%/+*+3 -*+ 5%0/.3+ B.1.:0+B2+ %* (.,.0%3 &% -* 4,+1. 40%4+0+&.D 4%0&':.*%3
&.0+&.3 /%(5+&.3 (.* (%0%7+3 (5+-&@B0.'& &% 4.,,. 0.3+&. 1'/>+, &% ,+*:.31'*.3
(.* ('*1-0)* &% (+0+4+(5.3 0.K.3 5+0,.11% (0%/.3+ +&.0*+&+ (.* &'>-K.3 &% B0-1+3
(.*B'1+&+3 :%*.=%3+3 /-,1'(.,.0%3 %1(C1%0+
* %3+ (.('*+ ,+ (+1%:.02+ 3-31+*('+, L-% &./'*+ %3 ,. (->'%01.D 3% '*:%*'+*
='3'>,%/%*1% %* :%,+1'*+0 ,+3 3-4%0B'('%3 %* 0%&.*&%+0,+3 %* %3(.*&%0 %, +,'/%*1.
>+K. %, 3%&'/%*1. ,'3. &% ,+3 3+,3+3 &% ,+3 (0%/+3 &% ,.3 B.*&+*13 E &% ,+3 :%,+1'*+3
.&. %31. 1'%*% L-% =%0 3'* &-&+ (.* ,+ B'*+,'&+& %34%(2B'(+ &% ,+ (.>%01-0+ L-% %3 &%
.0&%* ='3-+, E ,+ (.('*+ &% 6 %3 -*+ (.('*+ %<(,-3'=+/%*1% 4+0+ ,+ ='31+ L-% %3 -*
3%*1'&. &'31'*:-'&. * %31+ 4%03%=%0+*('+ %* ,+ (.>%01-0+ %<'31% %* %B%(1. -*+
%<':%*('+ &% &'31'*(')* 6 %3 -*+ 0%='31+ 0%B'*+&+ (+3' ,%:%*&+0'+ E 3- 4+4%,
(.*3'31% %* 40%3%*1+0 +, '*/%*3. 4O>,'(. 4.4-,+0 L-% %3 %, 3-E. Q,+3 %*(-%31+3 &+* B%
&% %,,.R %, 3-%8. /'3/. &% ,. &'31'*:-'&.M &% +,,2 3-0:% %31+ (.('*+ &%, 0%=%31'/'%*1.
E &% ,+ (.+01+&+ L-% 3'%/40% 3% %3B-%07+ 4.0 +1%*-+0 . '*(,-3. &'3B0+7+0 ,+
*+1-0+,%7+ 40'/%0+ &% ,.3 +,'/%*1.3 ,+ >0-1+,'&+& &% ,+3 (+0*%3 . ,. +>0-41. &% ,.3
(0-316(%.3 , 4,+1. 0%:'.*+, %3 +&/'1'&. 3),. + 121-,. %<(%4('.*+, Q%, >-%* 4-(5%0. &%
B+/','+R (./. B+*1+32+ 0-0+, &% ('-&+&+*.3 5+31'+&.3
%0. 3.>0% 1.&. ,+ (.>%01-0+ 40%4+0+ E 3.31'%*% -*. &% ,.3 /+E.0%3 ,.:0.3 &% ,+
(.('*+ &'31'*:-'&+D ,+ .0*+/%*1+(')* .3 &% 6 3'0=%* &% 3.4.01% 4+0+
+&.0*.3 &%3%*B0%*+&.3D 5.*:.3 ('*(%,+&.3 4-*1-+(')* &% (%0%7+3 /.1'=.3 (.*
,'/)* 10+>+K+&. /.*&+&-0+3 &% 10-B+3 4+31',,+3 &% 4,+1+ +0+>%3(.3 &% B0-1+3
(.*B'1+&+3 ,+ (+4+ 3->E+(%*1% QL-% ,,+/+02+ 3%&'/%*1. 4-%3 %, +,'/%*1.
40.4'+/%*1% &'(5. *. %3 /63 L-% -* E+('/'%*1. '*('%01.R 40%1%*&% 3%0 ,+ 46:'*+
&.*&% 3% ,%+ -*+ =%0&+&%0+ (.('*+ %* 0.(+,,+ Q%, 0.3+ 4+0&. %3 %, (.,.0 &%
40%&',%((')*R
+ .0*+/%*1+(')* 40.(%&% 4.0 &.3 =2+3 (.*10+&'(1.0'+3 (-E+ 0%3.,-(')*
&'+,C(1'(+ =%0%/.3 %* 3%:-'&+D 4.0 -*+ 4+01% 5-'0 &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ :0+('+3 + -*+
3-%01% &% >+00.(. &%,'0+*1% Q/%(5+0 (+/+0.*%3 &%*10. &% -* ,'/)* &+0,% (.,.0 0.3+ +
-* 4.,,. 3%0='0 4./%,.3 (+,'%*1%3R E 4.0 ,+ .10+ '*1%*1+0 0%(.*31'1-'0 %3+ *+1-0+,%7+
4.0 /%&'. &% -* +01'B'('. >-0&. Q&'34.*%0 5.*:.3 /%0%*:+&.3 E 5.K+3 &% +(%>.
3.>0% -* >'7(.(5. &% *+='&+& (.* +34%(1. &% ,%8. =.,=%0 + (.,.(+0 (+>%7+3 &%
,+*:.31'*.3 %* 1.0*. + ,+ 3+,3+ >,+*(+ 3.B'31'(+&+ L-% .(-,1+ 3-3 (-%04.3R 3 %, /'3/.
/.='/'%*1. 4.0 .10+ 4+01% L-% 3% 0%%*(-%*10+ %* ,+ %,+>.0+(')* &% ,+3 >+0+1'K+3
4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+3 Q(%*'(%0.3 (./. 3',,+3 &% /.*1+0 %*(%*&%&.0%3 (.* B.0/+ &%
(':+00',,.3 1+01%0+3 (./. (-%04.3 &% ,'%>0%3R
* %31% (+3. (./. %* 1.&. +01% 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 ,+ '00%40'/'>,% 1%*&%*('+ +,
=%0'3/. +4+0%(% (.*10+0'+&+ P. %L-','>0+&+P 4.0 -*. &% ,.3 '/4%0+1'=.3 (.*31+*1%3
&%, 4%0'.&'3/. &./C31'(.D %3. L-% %* #761 3% ,,+/+ :,.0'.3+/%*1% %
,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ ,+ (.('*+ &% 6 %3 -*+ (.('*+ &% N'&%+3N ),. L-% %* %31% (+3. ,+
'*=%*(')* (.*B'*+&+ + -*+ 0%+,'&+& /6:'(+ &%>% +4,'(+03% O*'(+/%*1% %* ,+
4-%3 ,+ =.(+(')* N&'31'*:-'&+N &% ,+ 0%='31+ ,% 40.52>% +>.0&+0 ,.3
40.>,%/+3 0%+,%3 &% ,+ +,'/%*1+(')* Q%, 40.>,%/+ 0%+, *. %316 %* %*(.*10+0 %, /.&.
&% /%(5+0 (.* (%0%7+3 -* 4%0&':)* 3'*. %* (.*3%:-'0 %, 4%0&':)* %3 &%('0 4+:+0,.R
31+ (.('*+ .0*+/%*1+, %316 3.31%*'&+ %B%(1'=+/%*1% 4.0 -*+ %(.*./2+
1.1+,/%*1% /21'(+ % 10+1+ +>'%01+/%*1% &% -*+ (.('*+ &% %*3-%8. (./. ,. /-%310+*
,+3 B.1.:0+B2+3 &% 6 L-% 3),. (+41+* %* 3.>0%=-%,. (./. -* .>K%1. 40)<'/. %
'*+((%3'>,% + ,+ =%7 (-E. (.*3-/. >'%* 4.&02+ 0%+,'7+03% 3),. (.* ,+ /'0+&+ % 10+1+

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&% -*+ (.('*+ &% (+01%, %* %, 3%*1'&. B-%01% &% ,+ 4+,+>0+ 1.1+,/%*1% /6:'(+ 3.>0%
1.&. 3' 3% 1'%*% %* (-%*1+ L-% %3+ 0%='31+ 3% ,%% /-(5. %* /%&'.3 &% 40%(+0'.3
'*:0%3.3 31. O,1'/. 4.0 .10+ 4+01% %<4,'(+ ,. +*1%0'.0D K-31+/%*1% 4.0L-% 6 3%
&'0':% + -* 4O>,'(. +-1C*1'(+/%*1% 4.4-,+0 %='1+ 4.31-,+0 -*+ (.('*+ %(.*)/'(+
#761 (-E. 4O>,'(. %<(,-3'=+/%*1% >-0:-C3 4.3%% -* +,1. 4.&%0 &% (./40+ %3
1.&. ,. (.*10+0'.D 3- (.('*+ %3 0%+, *. /6:'(+M 6 .B0%(% ,+ 0%(%1+ &% ,.3 4%0&':.*%3@
B+*1+32+ #761 ,+ &% ,+ %*3+,+&+ *'b.'3% , 4O>,'(. &% 6 3),. 1'%*% &%0%(5. + ,+
B6>-,+M +, &%, #761 3% ,% 4-%&% 40.4.*%0 4,+1.3 0%+,%3 (.* ,+ (%01%7+ &% L-%
4.&06 40%4+0+0,.3

# + $

./. &% +L-2 %* +&%,+*1% 5+>06 ='+K%3 >-0:-%3%3 + ,+ -3'+ 3.='C1'(+ ,+ :0+*
40%*3+ B0+*(%3+ 5+ (./%*7+&. + %,+>.0+0 +,:-*.3 /'1.3 4+0+ ,+ +3'/',+(')* &% ,+
0%+,'&+& (./-*'31+ .3 3%8.0%3 %**%4 E +(+':*% &% # %/>+0(+&.3 %* %,
> '*1%*1+0.* -*+ *-%=+ (.+01+&+ %* 3- &'+0'.D ,+ '/4.3'>','&+& &% K-7:+0 -*
4+23 (./. -3'+ %* +,:-*.3 &2+3 +,&'1+3 3%+* ,+3 (.*(,-3'.*%3 +40%3-0+&+3 P
&%(,+0+ :0+=%/%*1% %, 3%8.0 +(+':*% L-% 3% >-0,+ &% 3-3 (./4+8%0.3 &% ='+K% E &%
3- /+*2+ :%*%0+,'7+&.0+
3 >+31+*1% 3+>0.3. =%0 -* &'+0'. L-% 5+(% +*1'3.='%1'3/. &-0+*1% 1.&. %, +8. +
4+01'0 &% (5'3/%3 /', =%(%3 /%*.3 40.>+>,%3 L-% -*+ %31+&2+ 0%+, %* ,+ 4.0
(.01+ L-% 3%+ +10+=%3+0 -*+ (0'3'3 &% +:*.31'('3/. E %/>+*&%0+03% *.>,%/%*1% %* ,+3
%<':%*('+3 &% ,+ .>K%1'='&+& ('%*12B'(+ %* %, /./%*1. /'3/. %* L-% 3-3 %*='+&.3
4-%&%* B'*+,/%*1% +40.<'/+03% + +L-%,,. &% ,. L-% 5+>,+* &%3&% ,%K.3 (.* 1+*1.
:-31. E &% /+*%0+ 1+* 1+K+*1% . L-% .(-00% %3 L-% 4.0 *%(%3'&+&%3 &% ,+ (+-3+ %,
4%0'.&'31+ &'='&% 3-3 B-*('.*%3 (./. +%3% J+(.>. 3-3 =%31'/%*1+3 S L-'C* 3%
&'0':% -31%&T S , 3%8.0 +(+':*% 4%0'.&'31+ 40.B%3'.*+, L-% '*B.0/+ E L-% K-7:+ %3
&%('0 L-% +, 3%8.0 +(+':*% 1-0'31+ '*.(%*1% L-% 4.0 4-0+ 40.>'&+& *.
L-'%0% 3+(+0 *'*:-*+ (.*(,-3')* &% ,. L-% =%T 31+ (+,'&+& &% %3 -*+ (.+01+&+
/+0+=',,.3+D :0+('+3 + %,,+ 3% 4-%&% /'0+0 3'* (./40%*&%0 ='+K+0 3'* '*1%0%3+03% 4.0
,+3 0%+,'&+&%3 4.,21'(+3M %, 1-0'31+ 4%01%*%(% + -*+ 3->5-/+*'&+& 40'=+&+ &% K-'('.
4.0 *+1-0+,%7+ E L-% (-+*&. '*1%*1+ 1%*%0 +,:-*. 3.>0%4+3+ 0'&2(-,+/%*1% 3-
(.*&'(')* %, 3%8.0 +(+':*% 3% >-0,+ &% 3-3 (./4+8%0.3 &% ='+K% L-% 4+0%(%*
5+>%0 1%*'&. ,+ 40%1%*3')* 4+E+3%3(+ &% 0%-*'0 +,:-*+3 ('B0+3 3.>0% %, %34%(16(-,. &%
,+ (+,,% +,:-*.3 5%(5.3 :%*%0+,%3 ,.3 0-&'/%*1.3 &% ,+ 40.B-*&'&+& 4.3'>,% %* %,
(.*.('/'%*1. &% -* 4+23 &%3(.*.('&.D (0'/%* &% ,%3. 1-0'3/. %3 &%('0 &% ,%3.
.3(-0+*1'3/. L-% # *. 4%0&.*+
, 1%/+ :%*%0+, &% ,+ .>K%1. &% (021'(+ 4%0/+*%*1% 3% 5+ 3-31'1-'&. 4.0 %,
1%/+ 1%/4.0+, &% ,+ (+,,% O*'(+ 0%+,'&+& (.*(%&'&+ +, 1-0'31+ + (+,,% 3% (.*='%01% &%
:.,4% %* -* 1%00%*. *%-10. &.*&% 3% 4-%&% .>3%0=+0 3'* 40%1%*&%0 3+(+0
(.*(,-3'.*%3 %0. -*. 4-%&% +&'='*+0 &% L-C .>3%0=+('.*%3 3% 10+1+ .0L-% ,+
5.*%31+ 0%3%0=+ &%, 1-0'31+ +(+':*% *. ,% '/4'&% %* +>3.,-1. 3%8+,+0 +,:-*.3
+(('&%*1%3 &%3:0+('+&.3 &% ,+ ='&+ '*/%&'+1+ %<(%,%*1%3 4+0+ 0%(.0&+0 ,+ =.(+(')*
>60>+0+ &% ,+ -3'+ 3.='C1'(+D ,+3 ,.(./.1.0+3 5+(%* .20 -* ,+0:. /-:'&. L-% %* *+&+
3% 4+0%(% +, 3',>+1. &% ,+3 *-%310+3M %, +*&C* &% ,+3 %31+('.*%3 %3 &% /+&%0+M ,.3
5.1%,%3 %316* &%3(-'&+&.3M 5+E '*3(0'4('.*%3 (5'*+3 3.>0% ,.3 =+:.*%3 Q1%/+ &%,
4%,':0. (5'*.RM B'*+,/%*1% 5%(5. L-% 0%=%,+ -*+ ('=','7+(')* =%0&+&%0+/%*1%

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+10+3+&+ *. 3% %*(-%*10+* >+0%3 %* -3'+ X*+&+ /63 L-% K-:. &% 4%0+Y
%0. 3.>0% 1.&. %, /'1. &% ,+ (+,,% 4%0/'1% &%3+00.,,+0 %, 1%/+ B-*&+/%*1+, &%
1.&+3 ,+3 /'31'B'(+('.*%3 4.,21'(+3 >-0:-%3+3D %, &'=.0('. %*10% %, 4-%>,. E %, 0C:'/%*
' %, 4-%>,. 0-3. %316 + 3+,=. ,. %316 (./. 0%B,%K. &% ,+3 ,'>%01+&%3 B0+*(%3+3 ' -*+
+*('+*+ 3% 4.*% + ,,.0+0 3' -* .>0%0. &%, 4-%01. 0# %3 3.('+,R .B0%(% B,.0%3 + ,.3
='3'1+*1%3 =%*'&.3 &% +023 *. 3% 10+1+ &% %<40%3'.*%3 %/.('.*+&+3 &% 5.34'1+,'&+&
3'*. &% /+*'B%31+('.*%3 &% *.31+,:'+ 4.,21'(+D ,+ >-0:-%32+ B0+*(%3+ L-% ='+K+ %3 %,
32/>.,. &% ,+ ,'>%01+& B0+*(%3+ &% ,+ B%,'('&+& B0+*(%3+
),. ,-%:. L-% B-% ',-/'*+&. 4.0 %, 3., &% ,+ ('=','7+(')* (+4'1+,'31+ %, 4-%>,.
0-3. 4-%&% 3%0 0%(.*.('&. (./. %34.*16*%. +B+>,% :%*%0.3. .310+0 3- :%*1',%7+
&%3>.0&+*1% *. .B0%(% /63 L-% =%*1+K+3D 3'%/40% 3':*'B'(+ -*+ &%B'('%*('+ &%,
0C:'/%* 3.='C1'(. -*+ 4,%*'1-& &% ,+ B%,'('&+& .(('&%*1+, , N'*&%3(0'41'>,%N
0%(.*.('/'%*1. &% ,+ K.=%* :-2+ &% *1-0'31 5+('+ %, /C&'(. Q&% +33ER L-% ,% .B0%(%
/%&'+3 &% *E,.* 3%8+,+ %, +10+3. %(.*)/'(. &%, 0C:'/%* (./-*'31+ E ,+ 40.34%0'&+&
%*='&'+>,% &% ,+ &%/.(0+('+ .(('&%*1+, ./. 3'%/40% Q+(+>. &% 3%8+,+0,. +
40.4)3'1. &% ,+ 9 .4 2 3% B'*:% 10+1+0 (./. 1C0/'*.3 (./4+0+>,%3 +, ,-K.
40'=',%:'+&. E +, *'=%, 4.4-,+0M 3% +&K-&'(+ + 1.&+ 0+*('+ ,+ N%,%:+*('+N '*'/'1+>,%
&%, 1.(+&.0 4+0'3'%*3% (./. 3' ,+3 B0+*(%3+3 3% ='31'%3%* %* '.0 . +,%*('+:+M E
3% /-%310+ + ,+3 K)=%*%3 3.='C1'(+3 (./. %*,.L-%('&+3 +*1% ,+ /.&+ B0+*(%3+ (./. 3'
3% 10+1+0+ &% -*+ 5.0&+ 40'/'1'=+ (.*31%0*+&+ +*1% %, 1%*%&.0 . %, B.*):0+B. *
,2*%+3 :%*%0+,%3 %, ='+K% + ,+ 3'0=% 3.>0% 1.&. 4+0+ %31+>,%(%0 %, (-+&0. &%
5.*.0 >-0:-C3 &% ,+ ('=','7+(')* .(('&%*1+,D %, =%31'&. 4+0'3'%*3% ,+3 ,.(./.1.0+3 L-%
3',>+* E *. /-:%* >+0%3 %, K-:. &% 4%0+ 3-4%0+&. E 3.>0% 1.&. %, 40'=',%:'. B0+*(C3
4.0 %<(%,%*('+D +023 %3 &%('0 -*+ /'<1-0+ &% :0+*&%3 /.&'31+3 E &% .,'%3 %0:C0%
3% 1%3.0. '*+((%3'>,% L-% 4+0%(% 5+(% 3.8+0 + ,.3 0-3.3 + 10+=C3 &% ,.3 1-0'31+3 &%,
>
0%*1% + %31. %, 0C:'/%* 4-%&% 4%0/+*%(%0 B'%, + 3- (+0'(+1-0+ &% -* .0&%*
.40%3'=. L-% /+*1'%*% 1.&. (.* ,+ -*'B.0/'&+& &% ,+3 /6L-'*+3 -+*&. %,
(+/+0%0. &%, (.(5% &.0/'1.0'. 0%(,+/+ + +(+':*% ,+ (-(5+0+ &% 3- =+3. &% 1C
+(+':*% %<10+% ,+ (.*(,-3')* Q3'%/40% &%*10. &% -* :0+* /.='/'%*1. &%
+:*.31'('3/. 4.,21'(.R &% L-% %<'31% -*+ >-0.(0+('+ :':+*1%3(+ 4+4%,%0+ (-E. O*'(.
(-'&+&. %316 %* /+*1%*%0 ,+ %<+(1'1-& &%, '*=%*1+0'. &% ,+3 (-(5+0'1+3 -%=. 4+31.
4+0+ ,+ =+*'&+& *+('.*+, .0:-,,.3+ &%, &%3.0&%* &% ,.3 B0+*(%3%3 + +*+0L-2+ &% ,+3
(.31-/>0%3 E &% ,.3 (./4.01+/'%*1.3 3-4%0B'('+,%3 %3 -*+ %<(%,%*1% (.+01+&+ 4+0+ %,
.0&%*D %, '*&'='&-+,'3/. %3 -* /'1. >-0:-C3 L-% 4%0/'1% =+(-*+0 %, .0&%* E ,+
1'0+*2+ &% ,+ (,+3% (.* -*+ ,'>%01+& '*.B%*3'=+ , > ,,%=+>+ + ,.3 0-3.3
%*(+*&',+&.3 %, %34%(16(-,. &% -*+ ,'>%01+& 40%31':'.3+D 4+0,.1%+0 &-0+*1% ,+ ='3'1+ +
,.3 /-3%.3 E N5+(%03% ,.3 :0+('.3.3N %* %, /%10.
.0 3-4-%31. L-% %, N'*&'='&-+,'3/.N %3 3),. -* ,-K.3. 40.&-(1. &% %<4.01+(')*
* 0+*('+ E +4,'(+&. + -* .>K%1. &% '/4.01+*('+ &'B%0%*1% 4.3%% .10. *./>0% +,
/%*.3 4+0+ # -+*&. (-+10.('%*1.3 (.*=.(+&.3 4.0 ,+ B-%07+ +%0%+
0%5-3+0.* -* &./'*:. 4+01'0 4+0+ B0'(+ &%, .01% # *. 5+>,) /63 &%
+*+0L-2+ 3'/461'(+ *' &% '*&'='&-+,'3/. %*='&'+>,%D (./. *. 3% 10+1+>+ &% /-3%. *'
&% /%10. 3'*. &% B-%01%3 '*1%0%3%3 (.,.*'+,%3 %, N&%3.0&%*N &% :.,4% E+ *. (.*3'312+
%* ,+ %<40%3')* &% -*+ :,.0'.3+ ='01-& :+,+ 3'*. %, 40.&-(1. +01'B'('+, &% +,:-*.3
N/+*'4-,+&.0%3NM %, &%3.0&%* E+ *. %0+ 40%31':'.3. 3'*. E ,+
&% ,.3 B0+*(%3%3 +,+>+&+ 5+(2+ -* /./%*1. (.* :-'8+&+3 (5+(.1.*+3 E
=+*'&.3+3 3% =.,=') %* ,+ 0-1+ &% 0:%,'+ 10+'(')* =%0:.*7+*1% # (.*.(%

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

>'%* + 3- >-0:-%32+D ,+ ,'>%01+& %* ='&0'%0+ (./. &%(.0+&. 4%0. %, .0&%* %* (+3+

(./. (.*31'1-1'=.

.&+=2+ %<'31%* 5./>0%3 4+0+ L-'%*%3 ,+ 5-%,:+ %3 -* % : *. 3),. -*

%00.0 -* &%3.0&%* . -* &%,'1. 3'*. -* (0'/%* /.0+, -*+ +((')* '*1.,%0+>,% L-%
4%01-0>+ + ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ G &'(%* &% -*+ 5-%,:+
0%('%*1% +,:-*.3 ,%(1.0%3 &% # %*:-+K% L-% %* 0%+,'&+& 40.='%*% &% ,+
%31+-0+(')* E L-% %<40%3+ ,+ /%*1+,'&+& 40.B-*&+ &% %,,+M C4.(+ %* L-% ,+
>-0:-%32+ 0%('C* '*31+,+&+ %* %, 4.&%0 .4%0+ -*+ %34%('% &% (0+3'3 %*10% ,+ /.0+, E
,+ *+1-0+,%7+ &+ + -*+ (./. $ 4 &% ,+ .10+ .0 /'%&. + 1%*%0 L-% *+1-0+,'7+0 ,+
/.0+, 3% /.0+,'7+ + ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 3% B'*:% (.*B-*&'0 %, .0&%* 4.,21'(. E %, .0&%*
*+1-0+, E 3% 1%0/'*+ &%(0%1+*&. '*/.0+, + 1.&. ,. L-% '/4-:*+ ,+3 ,%E%3
%310-(1-0+,%3 &% ,+ 3.('%&+& L-% 3% 40.4.*% &%B%*&%0 +0+ ,.3 40%B%(1.3 &% +0,.3
(./. 4+0+ ,.3 ,%(1.0%3 &% # &% 5.E ,+ 5-%,:+ 3% 40%3%*1+ +*1% 1.&. (./. -*
&%3+B2. + ,+3 40%3(0'4('.*%3 &% ,+ 0+7)* /.0+,'7+&+D 5+(%0 5-%,:+ %3 N>-0,+03% &%,
/-*&.N %3 &%('0 '*B0'*:'0 -*+ ,%:+,'&+& N*+1-0+,N E *. 1+*1. -*+ ,%:+,'&+& (2='(+
+1%*1+0 (.*10+ %, B-*&+/%*1. B',.3)B'(. &% ,+ 3.('%&+& >-0:-%3+ (.*10+ %3+ /%7(,+ &%
/.0+, E &% ,):'(+ L-% %3 %,
* %31% (+3. %, %3(6*&+,. 40.='%*% &% -* ',.:'3/.D ,+ 5-%,:+ %3 %3(+*&+,.3+
4.0L-% /.,%31+ 40%('3+/%*1% + L-'%*%3 *. ,%3 (.*('%0*% + 0+7)* 3-B0% E 3%
3->,%=+D ,+ (+-3+,'&+& &'0%(1+ /%(6*'(+ (./4-1+>,% 3% 4.&02+ &%('0 L-% E+ 3% *.3
40%3%*1) (./. %, B-*&+/%*1. &% ,+ ,):'(+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ %* ,.3 &'3(-03.3 &%
.-K+&% %3+ (+-3+,'&+& %316 4%01-0>+&+ , %B%(1. 3% &'34%03+ '*(./40%*3'>,%/%*1%
,%K.3 &% ,+ (+-3+ 3% ,% %3(+4+ E %3. %3 '*1.,%0+>,% (5.(+*1% .*10+0'+/%*1% + ,. L-%
4.&02+ &%&-('03% &% ,.3 3-%8.3 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3%3 %31+ (,+3% 1'%*% -*+ '&%+ 1'06*'(+
'*B'*'1+/%*1% 3-3(%41'>,% &% ,+ (+-3+,'&+&D %, B-*&+/%*1. &% 3- /.0+, *. %3 &%
*'*:-*+ /+*%0+ /6:'(. 3'*. 0+('.*+, ),. L-% 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ 0+('.*+,'&+& ,'*%+,
%310%(5+ B-*&+&+ %* -*+ (.00%34.*&%*('+ L-% 4.&02+/.3 ,,+/+0 *-/C0'(+ %*10% ,+3
(+-3+3 E ,.3 %B%(1.3 31+ 0+('.*+,'&+& (+0%(% &% ,+ '&%+ &% B-*('.*%3 (./4,%K+3 *.
'/+:'*+ ,+ 4.3'>','&+& &% -* %3(+,.*+/'%*1. ,%K+*. &% ,.3 &%1%0/'*'3/.3 &% -*+
3.,'&+0'&+& &% ,.3 +(.*1%('/'%*1.3 %3. L-% ,+ 10+&'(')* /+1%0'+,'31+ 5+ 3'31%/+1'7+&.
>+K. %, *./>0% &% 1.1+,'&+&
+ 0%310'((')* &% ,.3 %B%(1.3 %<':% -*+ &'='3')* &% ,+3 B-*('.*%3 % 4.&02+
B6(',/%*1% '/+:'*+0 L-% ,.3 N5./>0%3N 3.* 3.,'&+0'.3D ,. L-% 3% .4.*% *. %3 4-%3 %,
5./>0% +, 5./>0% 3'*. %, 5-%,:-'31+ +, -3-+0'. , -3-+0'. Q,,+/+&. 1+/>'C*
E (-E. (.*K-*1. 0%('>% %, *./>0% '*.(%*1% &% : E+ 5%/.3 ='31.
1.&. %31. %* %, =.(+>-,+0'. &%, 3%8.0 +(+':*%R %, -3-+0'. %3 -* 4%03.*+K%
'/+:'*+0'. +,:%>0+'(. 3% 4.&02+ &%('0 :0+('+3 +, (-+, 3% 5+(% 4.3'>,% 0./4%0 ,+
&'34%03')* (.*1+:'.3+ &% ,.3 %B%(1.3 E /+*1%*%0 B'0/% -*+ (+-3+,'&+& 0%&-('&+
+(%0(+ &% ,+ (-+, 3% 4.&06 0+7.*+0 10+*L-',+ E ='01-.3+/%*1% , 0%(.01+0 %* ,+
(.*&'(')* :%*%0+, &%, 10+>+K+&.0 -* *'=%, 4+01'(-,+0 ,+ 0+7)* >-0:-%3+ B0+:/%*1+ %,
('0(-'1. 3.('+, E 0%'='*&'(+ %* 3- 40.=%(5. -*+ 3.,%&+& L-% 40%('3+/%*1% ,+ 5-%,:+
1'%*% (./. .>K%1'=. &%3/%*1'0 + 5-%,:+ 40.1%31+ (.*10+ ,. L-% 3% ,% '/4-1+
%<40%3+/%*1% , -3-+0'. %, 5./>0% &% ,+ (+,,% %, (.*10'>-E%*1% 3.* ,'1%0+,/%*1%
, %3 &%('0 +(1.0%3 40./.='&.3 3%:O* ,+3 *%(%3'&+&%3 &% ,+ (+-3+ + 4+4%,%3

"A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&% 3-4%0B'('% E (-E+ /'3')* (.*3'31% %* 40%3%0=+0 ,+ 3%4+0+(')* %3%*('+@,'31+ &% ,+3
(C,-,+3 3.('+,%3 L-% (./. 3% 3+>% B-% %, 40'/%0 40'*('4'. '&%.,):'(. &% ,+ 0%=.,-(')*
>-0:-%3+
+L-2 0%%*(.*10+/.3 -* 0+3:. (.*31'1-1'=. &% ,+ /%*1+,'&+& 0%+(('.*+0'+ L-%
0+&'(+ %* &'34%03+0 + ,+ (.,%(1'='&+& %* '*&'='&-.3 E +, '*&'='&-. %* %3%*('+ . L-%
%, 1%+10. >-0:-C3 5+(% &%, 5./>0% 43'(.,):'(. +, 4.*%0 %* (.*B,'(1. +, ='%K. E +, K.=%*
+, (.0*-&. E +, +/+*1% +, 3+(%0&.1% E +, /-*&+*. ,.3 ,%(1.0%3 &% # 1+/>'C*
,. 5+(%* (.* %, 3%0 3.('+, 4.*%0 5-%,:-'31+ E -3-+0'. %3 (.*31'1-'0 %, /-*&. %*
1%+10. %<10+%0 &%, 5./>0% 1.1+, -* +(1.0 4+01'(-,+0 E (.*B0.*1+0 + %3.3 +(1.0%3
+0>'10+0'.3 %* ,+ B+,3%&+& &% -*+ 3'/>),'(+ L-% 3'/-,+ (0%%0 L-% ,+ 4+01% %3 3),. -*+
0%&-((')* 4%0B%(1+ &%, 1.&. 31. 4+01'('4+ &% -*+ 1C(*'(+ :%*%0+, &% /'31'B'(+(')*
L-% (.*3'31% %* B.0/+,'7+0 %* ,+ /%&'&+ &% ,. 4.3'>,% %, &%3.0&%* 3.('+, .0
%K%/4,. ,+ >-0:-%32+ +B'0/+ L-% *. 3% '*L-'%1+ 4.0 3+>%0 L-'C* %316 %L-'=.(+&.
L-'C* 1'%*% 0+7)* %* ,+ 5-%,:+ %34-C3 &% 5+>%0 &'='&'&. %*10% 32 ,.3 %B%(1.3 4+0+
+'3,+0 /%K.0 %, L-% ,% 40%.(-4+ 40%1%*&% &%3'*1%0%3+03% &% ,+ (+-3+D ,+ 5-%,:+ 3%
0%&-(% + -* '*('&%*1% +'3,+&. + -* B%*)/%*. L-% *. /%0%(% 3%0 %<4,'(+&. % %31+
/+*%0+ 3% ,.:0+ 4.*%0 /63 (,+0+/%*1% &% /+*'B'%31. %, %3(6*&+,. L-% 40.&-(% ,
10+>+K+&.0 &% ,.3 3%0='('.3 4O>,'(.3 +, ':-+, L-% ,.3 B-*('.*+0'.3 3%06* /+0:'*+&.3 &%
,+ /+3+ ,+>.0'.3+ (./. 3' ,+ (+,'&+& &% +3+,+0'+&. &% %3.3 10+>+K+&.0%3 B-%0+ +10+2&+
B'K+&+ E &%34-C3 3->,'/+&+ %* ,+ 3-4%0B'('% &% 3-3 B-*('.*%3 31+ &'3/'*-(')*
'*1%0%3+&+ &% ,+ (.*&'(')* 3.('+, 4%0/'1% %3L-'=+0 ,. 0%+, 3'* +>+*&.*+0 ,+ ',-3')*
%-B)0'(+ &% -*+ (+-3+,'&+& &'0%(1+ L-% 3),. (./%*7+02+ &%3&% &.*&% + ,+ >-0:-%32+
,% 0%3-,1+0+ ()/.&. 5+(%0,+ 4+01'0 32 (./. %, ('-&+&+*. 3% %*(-%*10+ 0%&-('&. &%
:.,4% +, 4-0. (.*(%41. &% -3-+0'. ,.3 K)=%*%3 B0+*(%3%3 /.=','7+>,%3 3% &%34'%01+*
-*+ /+8+*+ %=+4.0+&.3 3->,'/+&.3 %* -*+ 4-0+ %3%*('+ /','1+0 3%*('+ L-%
='01-.3+/%*1% 3%06 /.310+&+ (./. 4-*1. &% 4+01'&+ &% ,+ ,):'(+ -*'=%03+,
, %31+1-1. /','1+0 3% (.*='%01% +32 %* %, .0':%* '*(.*&'('.*+, &% -*+ (+-3+,'&+&
*-%=+ /63 +,,6 &% ,+ (-+, %* +&%,+*1% 3%06 /.*310-.3. L-%0%0 0%/.*1+03%
-%31'.*+0 ,+3 *.0/+3 /','1+0%3 *. 4-%&% 3%0 %* (.*3%(-%*('+ %, %B%(1. &% -*+
(+-3+,'&+& :%*%0+, E 40%='+ Q(.*('%*('+ 4.,21'(+ &%, ('-&+&+*.R 3'*. 3),. %,
40.&-(1. &% +(('&%*1%3 4.31%0'.0%3 +, *+('/'%*1. &% ,+ *-%=+ 3%0'% (+-3+, %3&% %,
4-*1. &% ='31+ >-0:-C3 %, 5%(5. &% L-% -* 3.,&+&. 0%5O3% 4+01'0 3),. 4-%&% 3%0 (.3+
&% /+*'4-,+&.0%3 . 40.&-(1. &% ,+ >.00+(5%0+M (./. 3' *. %<'31'%0+* .10+3 /-E
>-%*+3 0+7.*%3 4+0+ %3% :%31. * %31+ (0%%*('+ ,+ %31-4'&%7 0'=+,'7+ (.* ,+ /+,+ B%M %3
%='&%*1% L-% %, (-%31'.*+/'%*1. &% -*+ *.0/+ 3),. 4-%&% %*(.*10+0 %<40%3+/%*1%
0+27 E +,'/%*1. %* -*+ (.*('%*('+ L-% 1./+ &'31+*('+ %* 0%,+(')* + %3+ *.0/+
% 10+1+ &% -* *-%=. %310+:. &%, %3%*('+,'3/. 3 ,):'(. 4-%3 L-% B0%*1% + ,+
/%*1'0+ &% ,+ %3%*('+ E &% ,+ 4+0(%,+(')* ,+ 5-%,:+ %31+>,%7(+ %, &%=%*'0 E ,+ =%0&+&
&%, 1.&. + 5-%,:+ 3':*'B'(+ L-% %, 5./>0% %3 1.1+, L-% 1.&+3 3-3 B-*('.*%3 3.*
3.,'&+0'+3 -*+3 &% .10+3 L-% ,.3 4+4%,%3 &% -3-+0'. &% (.*10'>-E%*1% . &% /','1+0
3.* /-0+,,+3 &%/+3'+&. &C>',%3 4+0+ .4.*%03% +, (.*1+:'. &% ,.3 5%(5.3 E L-%
&%*10. &% ,+ 3.('%&+& 1.&.3 3% ='*(-,+* (.* 1.&.3 , 40.1%31+0 4.0L-% %3+ 5-%,:+ ,%
/.,%31+ ,+ >-0:-%32+ &+ 1%31'/.*'. &% ,+ (.5%3')* &% ,+3 B-*('.*%3 3.('+,%3 (-E+
/.310+(')* %3 4+01% K-31+/%*1% &% ,.3 .>K%1'=.3 &% ,+ 5-%,:+ + 4+0+&.K+ (.*3'31% %*
L-% %, 5./>0% 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 '*=.(+ ,. &% 3- +'3,+/'%*1. %* %, /./%*1.
40%('3. %* L-% ,+ 5-%,:+ ,. &.>,%:+ >+K. ,+ %='&%*('+ &% 3- 3->.0&'*+(')*

"?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

2 / "

% 4.&02+ 3.34%(5+0 L-% %, =.(+>-,+0'. .B'('+, &% ,.3 +3-*1.3 +B0'(+*.3 %3

4-0+/%*1% +<'./61'(. 3 &%('0 L-% *. 1'%*% =+,.0 +,:-*. &% (./-*'(+(')* 3'*. 3),.
&% '*1'/'&+(')* .0 ,. 1+*1. (.*31'1-E% -*+ %3 &%('0 -* ,%*:-+K% %*(+0:+&.
&% .4%0+0 -*+ (.'*('&%*('+ %*10% ,+3 *.0/+3 E ,.3 5%(5.3 E &C .1.0:+0 + -*+ 0%+,'&+&
(2*'(+ ,+ B'+*7+ &% -*+ /.0+, *.>,% * :%*%0+, %3 -* ,%*:-+K% L-% B-*('.*+
%3%*('+,/%*1% (./. -* ()&':.M %* C, ,+3 4+,+>0+3 1'%*%* -*+ 0%,+(')* *-,+ .
(.*10+0'+ + 3- (.*1%*'&. 3 -*+ %3(0'1-0+ L-% 3% 4.&02+ ,,+/+0 (.3/C1'(+ 4-%31. L-%
1'%*&% + 0%(->0'0 ,.3 5%(5.3 (.* -* 0-'&. &% ,%*:-+K% . 3' 3% 40%B'%0% (.* %, 3':*.
3-B'('%*1% &%, ,%*:-+K% U-'3'%0+ 3%8+,+0 >0%=%/%*1% ,+ B.0/+ %* L-% -* ,C<'(. E -*+
:0+/61'(+ 4-%&%* %31+0 4.,21'(+/%*1% (./40./%1'&.3D

QB-%0+ &% ,+ ,%E 0%>%,&%3 . (.*&%*+&.3 &% &%0%(5. (./O*R 31% %3 %,

%K%/4,. 124'(. &% -* ,%*:-+K% +<'./61'(. + &%40%('+(')* &%, =.(+>-,+0'. 3'0=% +L-2
&% /+*%0+ 40%('3+ 4+0+ *%:+0 %, %31+&. &% :-%00+ ,. L-% 4%0/'1% +*-,+0 ,+ *.(')* &%
'*1%0,.(-1.0 N . 3% &'3(-1% (.* ,.3 L-% %316* B-%0+ &% ,+ ,%E N + /.0+,'7+(')* &%,
,%*:-+K% &C %31% /.&. 4%0/'1% 0%/'1'0 %, 40.>,%/+ &% ,+ 4+7 + -* (+/>'. +0>'10+0'.
&% =.(+>-,+0'. -+*&. ,+ N>+*&+N %3 B0+*(%3+ 3% 3->,'/+ >+K. %, *./>0% &%

Q(0-%, &.,.0.3.R 31% 1C0/'*. +E-&+ + +(0%&'1+0 ,+ '&%+ &% ,+

'00%34.*3+>','&+& &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ L-2 3% %3(+/.1%+ %, %31+&. &% :-%00+ >+K. ,+
=%31'/%*1+ *.>,% &% ,+ 10+:%&'+ (./. 3' %, (.*B,'(1. B-%3% %3%*('+,/%*1% %, +, E *.
-* /+, Q0%/%&'+>,%R + (.,.*'7+(')* 3% &',-E% 3% &%35+(% %* %, 5+,. &% -*+
,+/%*1+(')* '/4.1%*1% L-% ,+ &%3&'(5+ 4+0+ '*31+,+03% (.* /63 B-%07+
+ N , :.>'%0*. &% ,+ %4O>,'(+ %316 0%3-%,1. + 5+(%0 1.&.3 ,.3 %3B-%07.3
L-% &%4%*&+* &% C, 4+0+ 4.*%0 1C0/'*. + ,.3 (0-%,%3 &%3:+00+/'%*1.3 L-%
%<4%0'/%*1+ +00-%(.3N Q +01+ &% .1E + %* 0+B+R
%, 4-%>,. /+00.L-2 &.,.0.3+/%*1% &'='&'&. (.*10+ 32 /'3/. N Q %(,+0+(')*
&% %* 0+B+R

* %1*.,.:2+ 3%:O* ,+ 0'L-23'/+ 5'4)1%3'3 &% ,+-&% C='@ 10+-33

%, % %3 -*+ 3-%01% &% 32/>.,. +,:%>0+'(. Q+,:. +32 (./. ,+ 4+,+>0+ %*10%
*.3.10.3R %*(+0:+&. &% 0%40%3%*1+0 N-* =+,.0 '*&%1%0/'*+&. &% 3':*'B'(+(')* =+(2.
&% 3%*1'&. E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. 3-3(%41'>,% &% 0%('>'0 (-+,L-'%0 3%*1'&. (-E+ O*'(+ B-*(')*
%310'>+ %* ,,%*+0 -*+ &'31+*('+ %*10% %, 3':*'B'(+*1% E %, 3':*'B'(+&.N , %3
%<+(1+/%*1% *-%310. % %34%('% &% 3'1'. =+(2. &.*&% 3% &%4.3'1+ ,+ (.,%((')*
(./4,%1+ &% 3%*1'&.3 '*(.*B%3+>,%3 E L-% 3% 3+(0+,'7+ (./. 1+>O , 5.*.0 %3 4-%3 %,
/63 +&%(-+&. %L-'=+,%*1% &% 4%0. %**.>,%('&. %3 &%('0 /6:'(.
+ N %02+ &%35.*0+0 + ,+3 4.>,+('.*%3 /-3-,/+*+3 4%0/'1'0,%3 (0%%0
L-% %3.3 5./>0%3 4.&02+* 3%0 (.*3'&%0+&.3 %* 0+*('+ (./. 3-3 0%40%3%*1+*1%3
%02+ ':-+,/%*1% &%35.*0+0 + 0+*('+N Q ./-*'(+&. &%, '*'31%0'. &%, *1%0'.0R

* %, /./%*1. %* L-% + 10+=C3 &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ L-% -*+ =%7 /63 &+
1%31'/.*'. &% 3- ,'>%01+& ,.3 4-%>,.3 (.,.*'7+&.3 (./'%*7+* + &%3/%*1'0 ,+
B+1+,'&+& &% 3- (.*&'(')* %, =.(+>-,+0'. >-0:-C3 -1','7+ (./. *-*(+ ,+ 4+,+>0+
&%31'*. ./. %, 5.*.0 %, &%31'*. %3 -* % &.*&% 3% (.,%(('.*+* 4O&'(+/%*1% ,.3

""
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&%1%0/'*'3/.3 /63 3'*'%310.3 &% ,+ (.,.*'7+(')* , &%31'*. %3 4+0+ ,+ >-0:-%32+ ,+

&% ,+ 5'31.0'+
+1-0+,/%*1% %, &%31'*. 3),. %<'31% >+K. -*+ B.0/+ . %3 ,+ (.*L-'31+
/','1+0 ,+ L-% 3./%1') 0:%,'+ + 0+*('+ 3'*. -*+ (.*K-*(')* .4%0+&+ 4.0 ,+
0.='&%*('+ L-% -*') &.3 &%31'*.3 % &%(,+0+ L-% %, =2*(-,. %3 '*&'3.,->,% K-31. %* %,
/./%*1. %* L-% 3% 0./4% (.* -* %31+,,'&. '*.(-,1+>,%
+ N .0 *-%310+ 4+01% 40%1%*&%/.3 &+0 + ,.3 4-%>,.3 (-E. &%31'*. %316
,':+&. +, *-%310. -*+ '*&%4%*&%*('+ +-1C*1'(+ &%*10. &% ,+ +3.('+(')* =.,-*1+0'+N
Q '*+E %* ,+ R

.0/+ 3->,'/+&+ &%, :.>'%0*. B0+*(C3

+ N * ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% %, .&.4.&%0.3. *.3 5+ &%3':*+&. 4+0+
%K%0(%0 %, (+0:. 3-40%/. N Q %(,+0+(')* &% %* 0+B+R
N .* ,+ +>*%:+(')* E ,+ 3.>%0+*+ &':*'&+& (.* L-% 3'%/40% 5+ &+&.
%K%/4,. - +K%31+& %*1'%*&% .>%&%(%0 &% %31+ /+*%0+ ,.3 &%3':*'.3 &%,
,123'/. N Q +01+ &% .1E + %* 0+B+ (%3+&. 4.0 %, :.>'%0*.R

U , .>K%1'=. %3 *%:+0 %, 40.>,%/+ +0+ %,,. 3% &'34.*% &% &.3 /%&'.3D

. >'%* *./>0+0,+ ,. /%*.3
4.3'>,% Q40.(%&'/'%*1. /63 B0%(-%*1%R . >'%* &+0,% %, 3%*1'&. (.*10+0'.
Q40.(%&'/'%*1. /63 0%1.0('&. L-% 3'0=% &% >+3% + (+3' 1.&+3 ,+3 /'31'B'(+('.*%3 &%,
,%*:-+K% >-0:-C3R 9 3% %/4,%+ %*1.*(%3 %* %, 3%*1'&. &% 4: $ %* %,
3%*1'&. &%
+ N + :-%00+ *. '/4'&% ,+3 /%&'&+3 &% 4+('B'(+(')*N Q %*%0+, %
.*3+>%01R *1'C*&+3% L-% ,+ 4+7 Q.B'('+,R *. '/4'&% B%,'7/%*1% ,+ :-%00+ Q0%+,R

3 ,+ 1%0(%0+ 4+,+>0+ % * %,,+ 3% 4-%&% &%4.3'1+0 1.&. ,. L-% 3%

L-'%0+D ,+3 %3(-%,+3 ,+ %,%(10'('&+& ,+ * !* ,+3 .4%0+('.*%3 &% 4.,'(2+ ,.3
0+310',,+K%3 ,+3 (.*&%*+3 + /-%01% ,.3 (+/4.3 &% (.*(%*10+(')* ,+ ,'>%01+& ,+
('=','7+(')* E ,+ N40%3%*('+N B0+*(%3+
+ N '* %/>+0:. -31%&%3 >'%* 3+>%* L-% 0+*('+ 1'%*% %* B0'(+ -*+
/'3')* L-% 3),. %,,+ 4-%&% ,,%*+0N Q '*+E %* ,+ R

c ,+ 4.,21'(+ 3% ,% +3':*+ -* &./'*'. 0%310'*:'&. .0 -*+ 4+01% %316

0+*('+ 4.0 .10+ ,+ 4.,21'(+ .3 +3-*1.3 &% B0'(+ &%, .01% (-+*&. (.*('%0*%* +
0+*('+ *. 3.* &%, &./'*'. &% ,+ 4.,21'(+ -+*&. ,+3 (.3+3 3% 4.*%* :0+=%3
3'/-,+/.3 0%/4,+7+0 ,+ 4.,21'(+ 4.0 ,+ *+(')* +0+ ,+ :%*1% &% &%0%(5+ ,+ 4.,21'(+ %3
,+ '7L-'%0&+D %,,.3 3.* 0+*('+
+ NU-%0%0 &%B%*&%0 + ,+ (./-*'&+& B0+*(%3+ E + ,+3 ='01-&%3 &%
0+*('+ *. %3 5+(%0 4.,21'(+N Q %*%0+, 0'(.*@ -*.'3R
.* -* 3%*1'&. (.*10+0'. E -*'&. + ,+ 4+,+>0+ 0 2
,+ 4+,+>0+ 3% =-%,=% -* %-B%/'3/.M %*1.*(%3 3':*'B'(+D 3%*1'&. 406(1'(. &% ,+3
0%+,'&+&%3 %34'0'1-+,%3 :-31. 4.0 ,+ 3-1',%7+ L-% 4%0/'1% + -* (0'31'+*. 4+01'0
10+*L-',+/%*1% + N4+('B'(+0N B0'(+
+N %5-3+0 %, 3%0='('. %* -* %KC0('1. (.* &%31'*. +, B0'(+
4+0+ %31+0 3%:-0. &% *. 5+,,+03% %* 3%/%K+*1% 3'1-+(')* Q(.*10+&%('0 -*+ .0&%*
'*5-/+*+R 1+, 1.,31.23/. +>310+(1. *. 3% (.*B-*&% (.* ,+ 4.,21'(+ &% (.*('%*('+
4.0L-% *. %3 %* *'*:O* 3%*1'&. -*+ 4.,21'(+N Q &'1.0'+, &./'*'(+, &% # C

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

G 2

3 -*+ 4+,+>0+ (+0+ +, =.(+>-,+0'. >-0:-C3 '0=% &% +*12&.1. +

&%/+3'+&. >0-1+, E 4.0 ,. &%/63 N3'* 0%+,'&+&N ( 1'%*% (./. .>K%1.
&%34.,'1'7+0 ,+ 4,-0+,'&+& &% ,.3 :0-4.3 E &% ,+3 /'*.02+3 (.,.(+*&. + ,.3 '*&'='&-.3
%* -*+ (.,%((')* *%-10+ 4+3'=+ L-% 3),. 1'%*% &%0%(5. +, 4+*1%)* >-0:-C3 (./.
%<'31%*('+ 4.,21'(+/%*1% '*(.*3('%*1% Q(B -3-+0'.3 E 5./>0%3 &% ,+ (+,,%R , 1C0/'*.
3% %*(-%*10+ :%*%0+,/%*1% %**.>,%('&. 4.0 3- 4,-0+,D
%<40%3')* L-% *. &%K+ &% 3-:%0'0 -*+ &'B%0%*('+ &% /+&-0%7 %*10% ,+ -*'&+&
/%10.4.,'1+*+ E %, 4,-0+,'3/. &% ,.3 (.,.*'7+&.3M 0+*('+ (.*:0%:+ ,. L-% 4.0
*+1-0+,%7+ %3 &'=%03. E /O,1'4,%
-+*&. %3 *%(%3+0'. %/'1'0 -* K-'('. &%34%(1'=. Q+ =%(%3 ,+ :-%00+ .>,':+ + %31+3
3%=%0'&+&%3R 3% B0+(('.*+ ,+ 4.>,+(')* %* .3 %,%/%*1.3 %* :%*%0+, 3.*
B+*61'(.3 . /+*%K+&.3 Q .0L-% 4.0 3-4-%31. 3),. %, B+*+1'3/. . ,+ '*(.*3('%*('+
4-%&%* %/4-K+0 + L-%0%0 3+,'0 &% ,+ 3'1-+(')* &% (.,.*'7+&. R
+ N .3 %,%/%*1.3 &% ,+ 4.>,+(')* L-% 4-&'%0.* -*'03% + ,.3 0%>%,&%3
%* +,:-*+3 ('0(-*31+*('+3 N Q ./-*'(+&. &%, '*'31%0'. &%, *1%0'.0R

= 3'%/40% %316 +(.4,+&. (.* 31+ &-4,+ B-*('.*+

-*'B.0/%/%*1% (./. (.+01+&+ L-% +*-*('+ . K-31'B'(+ %* (+&+ .(+3')* .4%0+('.*%3
0%40%3'=+3M + 1+, 4-*1. L-% 3% 4.&02+ &%('0 L-% %3+ &-4,+ ,%3 .1.0:+ 3':*'B'(+(')* .
3.* %3%*('+,/%*1% ,+3 %3(-%,+3 Q/'3')* ('=','7+&.0+ &% 0+*('+ %&-(+(')* &%
,.3 4-%>,.3 &% -,10+/+0 (.*&-('&.3 4.(. + 4.(. + ,+ /+&-0%7RM ,. 3.* ,.3
3'%/40% E L-% ,':+* B0'(+ + ,+
/%10)4.,' 31.3 1C0/'*.3 40.:0%3'31+3 -*+ =%7 =+('+&.3 (.*=%*'%*1%/%*1% 4-%&%*
B-*('.*+0 (.* '/4-*'&+& (./. %*(+*1+&.0+3 (,6-3-,+3 (.*K-0+1.0'+3
+ N ./'*'. 3.('+, E %(.*)/'(. '*31+,+('.*%3 3.('+,%3 E %(.*)/'(+3N
, 40%&./'*'. &% ,.3 3-31+*1'=.3 %* %, =.(+>-,+0'. &%, L-% +(+>+/.3 &% .B0%(%0
+,:-*+3 /-%310+3 1'%*% L-% =%0 (.* %, %*.0/% (.*3-/. &% (.*(%41.3 *%(%3+0'.3 4+0+
(->0'0 ,+ 0%+,'&+& -*L-% :%*%0+, E +=+*7+&. 5+31+ %, O,1'/. :0+&. &%
&%3(./4.3'(')* %, &%3:+31% &% %31% ,%*:-+K% *. +1+(+ &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ + =%0>.3 E
3-31+*1'=.3D &%310-E% +, =%0>. % 5'4%010.B'+ %, 3-31+*1'=. + '*B,+(')* /.0+, *. 3%
+3'%*1+ *' 3.>0% .>K%1.3 *' 3.>0% +(1.3 3'*. 3.>0% '&%+3 N*.('.*%3N (-E. (.*K-*1.
%316 &%1%0/'*+&. 4.0 ,+ *%(%3'&+& &% -* ()&':. (0'31+,'7+&. /63 L-% 4.0 -*+ B.0/+
&% (./-*'(+(')* + (.&'B'(+(')* &%, ,%*:-+K% .B'('+, E 3- 3-31+*1'=+(2)* /+0(5+* +
,+ 4+0 4-%3 %, /'1. %3 B-*&+/%*1+,/%*1% *./'*+,M ,+ *./'*+(')* 4.0 3- 4+01% %3 ,+
40'/%0+ B.0/+ &% &%3='+(')*
, =%0>. %* (+/>'. 3-B0% -* (-0'.3. %3(+/.1%. ' %3 -* =%0>. 40'*('4+,
L-%&+ 0%&-('&. +, %31+&. &% /.&%31+ ()4-,+ &%31'*+&+ + %31+>,%(%0 3'/4,%/%*1% ,+
%<'31%*('+ . ,+ (+,'&+& &%, /'1. Q '*+E %* ,+ D &'31%*3')* ',-3.0'+
'*(.*(%>'>,% SU-C -*+ '*&%4%*&%*('+ *./'*+,TR , =%0>. +,(+*7+
4%*.3+/%*1% 3.,'&%7 3%/6*1'(+ 3),. 0%B%0'&. +, B-1-0. + ,. 4.3'>,% . + ,+ '*1%*(')*
%* -*+ ,%K+*2+ %* ,+ L-% %, /'1. (.00% /%*.3 0'%3:. &% L-%&+0 &%3/%*1'&. 0= %
-* :.>'%0*. /+00.L-2 ,+3 0%B.0/+3 M %, %3B-%07.
%/40%*&'&. 4.0 0+*('+ $ -*+ +3.('+(')* ,'>0% R
* 3- 40%3%*1+(')* %, 3-31+*1'=. %<':% (.* B0%(-%*('+ ,. L-% &.3 %<(%,%*1%3
:0+/61'(.3 +/.-0%11% E '(5)* PL-% *. (+0%(2+* &% 0':.0 *' /%*.3 &% 5-/.0 %*
3- 1%0/'*.,.:2+P ,,+/+>+* ,. L-% 3':*'B'(+ L-% ,+ 3-31+*('+ &%,

"9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

*./>0% 3'%/40% 3% *.3 40%3%*1+ (./. (.*.('&+ 31+/.3 %* %, *O(,%. /'3/. &% ,+
B.0/+(')* &%, /'1.D &% 0+*('+ &%, 4-%>,. /+00.L-2 .
&% 0:%,'+ 3.* 40%3%*1+&.3 :0+/+1'(+,/%*1% (./. 4.31-,+&.3 Q(+,'&+&
(.*B%0'&+ 4.0 ,. :%*%0+, /%&'+*1% %, %/4,%. &%, +012(-,. &%B'*'&.R J-31+/%*1% 4.0
%3. 4.0 3%0 4.31-,+&. *. ,.3 4.&%/.3 &'3(-1'0 &'3(-03'=+/%*1% Q,+ /'3')* &%
0+*('+D 4%0. =%+/.3 *. '*3'31+* -31%&%3 >'%* 3+>%* R , 40%31':'. %3 ,+ 40'/%0+
B.0/+ &% ,+ *+1-0+,'7+(')*
+ 5% 3%8+,+&. %, C*B+3'3 %<+:%0+&+/%*1% >+*+, &% +,:-*.3 4,-0+,%3 0
2 :0%:-%/.3 +5.0+ L-% %31% C*B+3'3 +-/%*1+ . &'3/'*-E% 3%:O* ,+3
'*1%*('.*%3D - - '*31+,+ -* 3%*1'/'%*1. %-B)0'(. &% /-,1'1-&%3
4+(2B'(+/%*1% 3->E-:+&+3M %* (+/>'. (-+*&. 3% 5+>,+ &%
%, 4,-0+, 1'%*&% + &%:0+&+0 /63 3' %3 4.3'>,% ,+ *.(')* &% *+('.*+,'3/. Q%*%/':.R
0%&-('C*&.,+ + -*+ (.,%((')* &% -*'&+&%3 &% 1+,,+ &%340%('+>,% -%310.3 &.3
:0+/61'(.3 %<4%01.3 4.0 +*1'('4+&. %* +3-*1.3 +B0'(+*.3 E+ 5+>2+* 40%='31. %31+
3'1-+(')* E &'31'*:-'%0.* %, 4,-0+, /+3'=. E %, 4,-0+, *-/%0+1'=.M %* ,+ 40'/%0+
%<40%3')* %, 4,-0+, &%31',+ -*+ '&%+ &% /+3+ %* ,+ 3%:-*&+ '*3'*O+ -*+ '&%+ &%
&'='3')* % %31+ /+*%0+ ,+ :0+/61'(+ 4+01'('4+ &%, /'1.D .B0%(% 3-3 4,-0+,%3 4+0+
&'31'*1+3 1+0%+3 /.0+,%3
, +&K%1'=. Q. %, +&=%0>'.R 1'%*% (.* B0%(-%*('+ -* 4+4%, (-0'.3+/%*1% +/>':-.
L-% 4+0%(% 40.(%&%0 &% -*+ '*L-'%1-& &%, 3%*1'/'%*1. &% L-% ,.3 3-31+*1'=.3 L-% 3%
%/4,%+* + 4%3+0 &% 3- (+06(1%0 40%31':'.3. 1'%*%* -* &%3:+31% L-% *. 3% 4-%&%
.(-,1+0 % +,,2 ,+ *%(%3'&+& &% 0%=':.0'7+0,.3D ,+ '*&%4%*&%*('+ 3% =-%,=%
,+3 +34'0+('.*%3 ' ,.3 &%31'*.3 ,':+&.3 , +&K%1'=. 1'%*&% %*
%31% (+3. + ,'>%0+0 +, 3-31+*1'=. &% 3-3 &%(%4('.*%3 4+3+&+3 + 40%3%*1+0,. %* %31+&.
*-%=. '*.(%*1% (0%2>,% ./. %* %, (+3. &% ,.3 =%0>.3 3),'&.3 %, +&K%1'=. (.*B'%0% +,
&'3(-03. =+,.0 &% B-1-0. , 4+3+&. E %, 40%3%*1% %3 +3-*1. &% ,.3 3-31+*1'=.3
:0+*&%3 (.*(%41.3 %* L-% ,+ '&%+ %<'/% &% X+ 40-%>+ Q/'3')* '*&%4%*&%*('+
+/'31+& (..4%0+(')* %1( R K %, +(1. E %, 40%&'(+&. 4.0 3- 4+01% 4+0+ 3%0 '00%B-1+>,%3
&%>%* +/4+0+03% &%1063 &% +,:-*+ B.0/+ &% '00%+,'&+&D B'*+,'&+& 40./%3+ .
+&K-0+(')*
+/%*1+>,%/%*1% %31.3 +&K%1'=.3 0%=':.0'7+*1%3 3% :+31+* (+3' %* %, /'3/.
/./%*1. %* L-% 3% ,.3 %/4,%+ E %* (.*3%(-%*('+ ,+ 0%+(1'=+(')* +&K%1'=+ &%, /'1.
0%3-,1+ ,+ /%K.0 /+*%0+ &% /.310+0 3- '*B,+(')* 3 3-B'('%*1% ,%%0 '
. % 4+0+ .,B+1%+0 +,,2 %, 5-%(. &% ,+ 0%1)0'(+ 3 L-% %* %, B.*&. %31.3
+&K%1'=.3 L-% 4.&02+/.3 ,,+/+0 &% %3%*('+ 4.0L-% &%3+00.,,+* >+K. B.0/+ /.&+, ,+
3-31+*('+ &%, *./>0% L-% +(./4+8+* %3.3 +&K%1'=.3 *. 4-%&%* /.&'B'(+0 *+&+D ,+
'*&%4%*&%*('+ *. 4-%&% 3%0 .10+ (.3+ L-% '*&%4%*&'%*1%M ,+ +/'31+& +/'31.3+M E ,+
(..4%0+(')* -*6*'/% 0+('+3 + ,+ '/4.1%*('+ &% 3- %3B-%07. %31.3 /+,.3 +&K%1'=.3
,.:0+* /+*'B%31+0 %* O,1'/+ '*31+*('+ ,+ 3+,-& &%, ,%*:-+K% -*L-% ,+ 0%1)0'(+
.B'('+, '*1%*1% /-,1'4,'(+0 ,+3 (.>%01-0+3 &% ,+ 0%+,'&+& 5+E -* /./%*1. %* L-% ,+3
4+,+>0+3 3% 0%3'31%* E ,+ .>,':+* + 0%=%,+0 >+K. %, /'1. ,+ +,1%0*+1'=+ &% /%*1'0+ .
=%0&+&D ,+ '*&%4%*&%*('+ %<'31% . *. %<'31% E ,.3 &'>-K.3 +&K%1'=.3 L-% 3% %3B-%07+*
4.0 .1.0:+0 + ,+ *+&+ ,+3 (-+,'&+&%3 &%, 3%0 (.*31'1-E%* ,+ (.*B'0/+(')* &% ,+ (-,4+

" 3"

%/.3 4.&'&. ,%%0 %* -*. &% ,.3 40'/%0.3 *O/%0.3 &% #761 &'+0'. -*+
Roland Barthes Mitologías

40.B%3')* &% B% (0'1'(+ Q+*)*'/+R L-% %0+ -* 3.>%0>'. B0+:/%*1. &% 0%1)0'(+
>+,+*(%+&+ + '&%+ L-% ,+ 3-31%*1+>+ %0+ L-% ,+ (021'(+ *. &%>% 3%0 N*' -* K-%:. &%
3+,)* *' -* 3%0='('. /-*'('4+,N ,. L-% &%>% %*1%*&%03% %* %, 3%*1'&. &% L-% *. &%>%
3%0 *' 0%+(('.*+0'+ *' (./-*'31+ *' :0+1-'1+ *' 4.,21'(+
% 10+1+ &% -*+ /%(6*'(+ &% &.>,% %<(,-3')* L-% 40.='%*% %* >-%*+ /%&'&+ &%
%3+ 4+3')* *-/C0'(+ L-% 5%/.3 %*(.*10+&. /-(5+3 =%(%3 E L-% '*1%*1C &%B'*'0
:,.>+,/%*1% (./. -* 0+3:. 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 % 5+(% ,+ (-%*1+ &% ,.3 /C1.&.3 (.*
-*+ >+,+*7+ (+0:+*&. + =.,-*1+& ,.3 4,+1',,.3 (.* %3.3 /C1.&.3 % %31+ /+*%0+ -*.
4-%&% +4+0%(%0 (./. +0>'10. '/4.*&%0+>,% &.1+&. &% -*+ %34'0'1-+,'&+& '&%+, E 4.0
,. 1+*1. , (./. %, +31', L-% K-7:+ ,+ 4%3+&+
+3 1+0+3 *%(%3+0'+3 4+0+ %31+ .4%0+(')* &% (.*1+>','&+& %316* (.*31'1-'&+3 4.0
,+ /.0+,'&+& &% ,.3 1C0/'*.3 L-% 3% %/4,%+* %:O* -* ='%K. 40.(%&'/'%*1.
1%00.0'31+ Q&%, L-% *. 3% %3(+4+* L-'%*%3 3.* 4+01'&+0'.3 &%, 1%00.0'3/.R %* %, /'3/.
/./%*1. L-% 3% *./>0+ +,:. 3% ,. K-7:+ E ,+ 4+,+>0+ ,+310+&+ (.* -*+ (-,4+>','&+&
40%='+ 4%3+ .>='+/%*1% %* -*. &% ,.3 4,+1',,.3 &% ,+ >+,+*7+ % .4.*&06 4.0
%K%/4,. + + (-,1-0+ %3 -* >'%* *.>,% -*'=%03+, 3'1-+&+ +, /+0:%*
&% ,.3 40%K-'('.3 3.('+,%3D ,+ (-,1-0+ *. 4%3+ +3 '&%.,.:2+3 %* (+/>'. 3.* '*=%*1.3
4+01'&+0'.3D 4.0 ,. 1+*1. X+ ,+ >+,+*7+Y % ,+3 %*=2+ &% %34+,&+3 >+K. ,+ 3%=%0+ /'0+&+
&% ,+ (-,1-0+ Q3'* '/+:'*+0 1+* 3'L-'%0+ L-% ,+ (-,1-0+ %3 +, B'* &% (-%*1+ -*+
'&%.,.:2+R +3 (.3+3 .(-00%* (./. 3' 5->'%0+ 4.0 -* ,+&. 4+,+>0+3 4%3+&+3 4+,+>0+3
1+0+&+3 0 2 &%31'*+&+3 + +,'/%*1+0 %, K-%:. '*B+/+*1% &% ,+
>+,+*7+M 4.0 .10. ,+&. 4+,+>0+3 ,'='+*+3 4-0+3 '*/+1%0'+,%3 *.>,%3 4.0 &%0%(5.
&'='*. + 1+, 4-*1. 3->,'/%3 L-% %3(+4+* + ,+ &%340%('+>,% ,%E &% ,.3 *O/%0.3
0 4 2 4+,+>0+3 3'1-+&+3 4.0 %*('/+ &% ,+ 10'31%
(.*1+>','&+& &% ,+3 /%*1'0+3 +3 3%:-*&+3 %316* %*(+0:+&+3 &% /.0+,'7+0 + ,+3
40'/%0+3D 4.0 -* ,+&. 4+,+>0+3 (0'/'*+,%3 E 4.0 %, .10. 4+,+>0+3 K-31'('%0+3 .0
3-4-%31. %31+ 5%0/.3+ /.0+, &%, 1%0(%0 4+01'&. 1%0/'*+ *%(%3+0'+/%*1% %* -*+
*-%=+ &'(.1./2+ 1+* 3'/4,'31+ (./. ,+ L-% 3% 40%1%*&2+ &%*-*('+0 %* *./>0% &% ,+
(./4,%K'&+& 2 %3 4.3'>,% L-% *-%310. /-*&. 3%+ +,1%0*+&.M 4%0. ,. 3%:-0. %3 L-%
4+0+ %31+ %3('3')* *. %<'31% 10'>-*+, .3 K-%(%3 *. %316* + 3+,=. 1+/>'C* %,,.3 %316*
(./4,%1+/%*1% /%1'&.3 %* *-%310. /-*&.
3 3-B'('%*1% 4.0 .10+ 4+01% .>3%0=+0 L-C 1'4.3 &% /'1.3 +B,.0+* %* %31+ (021'(+
; !; 4+0+ (./40%*&%0 &% L-C ,+&. 3% 3'1O+ '* 5+>,+0 /63 ,+0:+/%*1% 3.>0% %,
/'1. &% ,+ '*1%/4.0+,'&+& L-% 3->E+(% %* 1.&. 0%(-03. + -*+ N(-,1-0+N %1%0*+ QN-*
+01% &% 1.&.3 ,.3 1'%/4.3NR %*(-%*10. +O* %* *-%310+ &.(10'*+ ; !; &.3 %<4%&'%*1%3
(.*.('&.3 &% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ , 40'/%0. (.*3'31% %* -*+ &%1%0/'*+&+ '&%+ &%
,+ ,'>%01+& (.*(%>'&+ (./. N%, 0%(5+7. &% 1.&. K-'('. - %0. -* K-'('. ,'1%0+0'.
%316 3'%/40% &%1%0/'*+&. 4.0 ,+ 1.1+,'&+& &% ,+ L-% B.0/+ 4+01% E ,+ /'3/+ +-3%*('+
&% 3'31%/+ P3.>0% 1.&. (-+*&. 3% 40./-%=% + 40.B%3')* &% B%P 40.(%&% &% -*
3'31%/+ 4%0B%(1+/%*1% &%B'*'&. L-% %* %31% (+3. (.*31'1-E% -*+ =+0'%&+& 1.1+,/%*1%
>+*+, &% ,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ Q. &% ,+ (-,1-0+ (./. &'02+ *-%310. +*)*'/.R 63
+O* 3% 4.&02+ +B'0/+0 L-% (-+*&. %, 5./>0% 0%'='*&'(+ -*+ ,'>%01+& 40'/.0&'+, %3
/63 3%:-0+ 3- 3->.0&'*+(')* +&'% 3%02+ (+4+7 &% +(%41+0 %, &%3+B2. &% &%/.310+0
L-% +,:-*+ =%7 %K%0(') -*+ (021'(+ '*.(%*1% ,'>0% &% +,:-*+ &%1%0/'*+(')*
3'31%/61'(+ .3 ; !; 1+/>'C* 3% %*(-%*10+* %/>+0(+&.3 %* -* 3'31%/+ L-% *.
*%(%3+0'+/%*1% %3 %, L-% %,,.3 3.31'%*%* . 3% 4-%&% K-7:+0 ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ 3'* +,:-*+
'&%+ 40%='+ &%, 5./>0% E &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ &%, >'%* &%, /+, &% ,+ 3.('%&+& * ,+ 3'/4,%
4+,+>0+ +,%:0%/%*1% /.0+,'7+&+ 4.0 *-%310.3 ; !; %* .4.3'(')* + ,.3
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3'31%/+3 =',%3 L-% N*. +3./>0+*N %3+ 4+,+>0+ XL-C 5%0%*('+ L-C B+1+,'3/. L-C
0-1'*+Y .&+ ,'>%01+& (.*(,-E% 3'%/40% 4.0 0%'*1%:0+0 +,:-*+ (.5%0%*('+ +&/'1'&+ %3
&%('0 -* + ,'>%01+& &%, (021'(. *. (.*3'31% %* 0%(5+7+0 -*+ 1%*&%*('+
QX'/4.3'>,%YR 3- ,'>%01+& 0+&'(+ %* /.310+0,+ . *.
, 3%:-*&. 32*1./+ >-0:-C3 &% *-%310. 1%<1. %3 ,+ 0%B%0%*('+ %-B)0'(+ +, %31',.
&%, %3(0'1.0 (./. =+,.0 %1%0*. &% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ +&+ 4-%&% %3(+4+0 +, (-%31'.*+@
/'%*1. &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ *' 3'L-'%0+ %, , %31',. %3 -* =+,.0 (021'(.
4%0B%(1+/%*1% 3'1-+>,% %* %, 1'%/4. E +0:-/%*1+0 %* B+=.0 &%, N%31',.N K-31. %* %,
/./%*1. %* L-% %3(0'1.0%3 '/4.01+*1%3 3% 5+* ,+*7+&. (.*10+ %31% O,1'/. >+31')* &%
,+ /'1.,.:2+ (,63'(+ %3 /.310+0 4.0 ,. /%*.3 ('%01. +0(+23/. . =.,=%0 -*+ =%7
/63 +, N%31',.N %3. *. %3 +=%*1-0+ %K.0 +(.*3%K+&. #761 4->,'() %* -* *O/%0.
4.31%0'.0 4%01'*%*1% 40.1%31+ &% .>>%@ 0',,%1 (.*10+ ,+ +(1'1-& &% 0%(-00'0
/6:'(+/%*1% + 1%*&5+, QN 316 %3(0'1. (./. 3' B-%0+ &% 1%*&5+,NR + +,'+*7+ &%
%31',. E 5-/+*'&+& Q *+1.,% 0+*(% 4.0 %K%/4,.R %3 4.3'>,% L-% *. 3%+ 3-B'('%*1%
4+0+ B-*&+0 ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ *(,-3'=% %3 &% 1%/%0 L-% %, N%31',.N (./40./%1'&. %*
1+*1+3 .>0+3 B+,3+/%*1% 5-/+*+3 3% 5+E+ =-%,1. -* .>K%1. 3.34%(5.3. . %*
1.&. (+3. -* =+,.0 L-% 3),. 3% &%>%02+ +(0%&'1+0 +, %3(0'1.0 (.* >%*%B'('. &%
'*=%*1+0'. 31. *. 3':*'B'(+ 4.0 3-4-%31. L-% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ 4-%&+ %<'31'0 +, /+0:%*
&% &%1%0/'*+&.3 +01'B'('.3 B.0/+,%3 %0. /+, L-% ,% 4%3% + *-%310.3 ; !; 1+*
+&%41.3 + -* -*'=%03. >'4+01'1. %* %, L-% %,,.3 3%02+* ,+ &'='*+ 10+3(%*&%*('+ ,.
(.*10+0'. &% *. %3 B.07.3+/%*1% : %3 4.3'>,% L-% %* *-%310.3
&2+3 3%+ + 3%(+3 + ,'1%0+1-0+ 3% 5+ =-%,1. -* ,-:+0 &'B2(', %310%(5. /.01+,
. L-% +5.0+ &%B'%*&% *. 3.* 3-3 .0*+/%*1.3 %3 3- 4'%, .0 %3. /% 1%/. L-% ,+
*-%=+ (021'(+ ; !; 3% 5+E+ 0%10+3+&. -*+ 1%/4.0+&+

%3

, 310'4@1%+3% P+, /%*.3 %, 310'4@1%+3% 4+0'3'%*3%P %316 B-*&+&. %* -*+

(.*10+&'((')*D &%3%<-+,'7+ + ,+ /-K%0 %* %, /'3/. /./%*1. %* L-% ,+ &%3*-&+
.&02+/.3 &%('0 4.0 ,. 1+*1. L-% 3% 10+1+ %* ('%01. 3%*1'&. &% -* %34%(16(-,. &%,
/'%&. . /63 >'%* &%, N % &+3 /'%&.N (./. 3' %, %0.1'3/. &%K+0+ %* %, +/>'%*1% -*+
%34%('% &% &%,'('.3. 1%00.0 (./. 3' B-%0+ 3-B'('%*1% +*-*('+0 ,.3 3':*.3 0'1-+,%3 &%,
%0.1'3/. 4+0+ 40.=.(+0 + ,+ =%7 ,+ '&%+ &% 3%<. E 3- (.*K-0+(')*
, 4O>,'(. 3% (.*31'1-E% %* O*'(+/%*1% 4.0 %, 1'%/4. L-% &-0+ %,
&%3*-&+/'%*1. %0. %* %31% (+3. (./. %* (-+,L-'%0 %34%(16(-,. /'31'B'(+*1% %,
&%(.0+&. ,.3 +((%3.0'.3 E ,.3 %31%0%.1'4.3 3'0=%* 4+0+ (.*10+0'+0 ,+ 40.=.(+(')* &%,
40.4)3'1. '*'('+, E 1%0/'*+*
4.0 3%4-,1+0 1.&. %* ,+ '*3':*'B'(+*('+D 3% %, /+, 4+0+ 4%01-0>+0,. (.* /63
B+(','&+& E %<.0('7+0,. , 310'4@1%+3% B0+*(C3 4+0%(% 40.(%&%0 &% ,. L-% %* .10+ 4+01%
5% ,,+/+&. N.4%0+(')* . -: 40.(%&'/'%*1. &% /'31'B'(+(')* L-% (.*3'31% %*
=+(-*+0 +, 4O>,'(. (.* -*+ 4'7(+ &% /+, 4+0+ 4.&%0 +00.K+0,. %* 3%:-'&+ (.*
/+E.0%3 4.3'>','&+&%3 &% C<'1. '*/-*'7+&. + -* '%* .0+,D +,:-*.3 61./.3 &%
%0.1'3/. 0%(.01+&.3 4.0 ,+ 40.4'+ 3'1-+(')* &%, %34%(16(-,. 3.* +>3.0>'&.3 %* -*
0'1-+, 10+*L-','7+*1% L-% >.00+ ,+ (+0*% &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ L-% ,+ =+(-*+ . %, 1+>O
B'K+* E (.*1'%*%* ,+ %*B%0/%&+& . ,+ B+,1+
-0+*1% %, 310'4@1%+3% +4+0%(%06* -*+ 3%0'% &% (.>%01-0+3 (.,.(+&+3 3.>0% %,
(-%04. &% ,+ /-K%0 + /%&'&+ L-% B'*:% &%3*-&+03% , %<.1'3/. %3 ,+ 40'/%0+ &%
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%31+3 &'31+*('+3 4.0L-% %* 1.&+3 ,+3 .(+3'.*%3 3% 10+1+ &% -* %<.1'3/. +(+01.*+&.
L-% +,%K+ %, (-%04. %* ,. B+>-,.3. E ,. *.=%,%3(.D (5'*+ 40.='31+ &% 4'4+ &% .4'.
Q32/>.,. .>,':+&. &% ,+ (5'*'&+&R =+/4 .*&-,+*1% B-/+*&. :':+*1%3(. (':+00',,.
&%(.0+&. =%*%('+*. (.* :)*&.,+ =%31'&. (.* /'0'8+L-% E (+*1.0 &% 3%0%*+1+ 1.&.
1'%*&% 4 + (.*31'1-'0 + ,+ /-K%0 %* .>K%1. &'3B0+7+&.M ,+ B'*+,'&+& &%,
310'4 *. (.*3'31% 4.0 ,. 1+*1. %* 3+(+0 + ,-7 -*+ 3%(0%1+ 40.B-*&'&+& 3'*. %*
3':*'B'(+0 + 10+=C3 &%, &%34.K. &% -*+ =%31'/%*1+ >+00.(+ E +01'B'('+, ,+ &%3*-&%7
(./. 0.4+K% &% ,+ /-K%0 . 3%+ 0%%*(.*10+0 B'*+,/%*1% -* %31+&.
+>3.,-1+/%*1% 4O&'(. &% ,+ (+0*%
.3 +((%3.0'.3 (,63'(.3 &%, /-3'(@5+,, /.=','7+&.3 3'* %<(%4(')* *'*:-*+
+,%K+* 1+/>'C* %,,.3 %, (-%04. &%3(->'%01.M ,. +00.K+* +, %*=.,=%*1% (.*B.01 &% -*
0'1. (.*.('&.D 4'%,%3 +>+*'(.3 :-+*1%3 4,-/+3 /%&'+3 %* 0%K',,+3 %* -*+ 4+,+>0+
1.&+ ,+ 3%((')* &% +&.0*.3 (.*10'>-E%* (.*31+*1%/%*1% + 0%'*:0%3+0 %, (-%04. ='=. +
,+ (+1%:.02+ &% ,.3 .>K%1.3 ,-K.3.3 L-% 0.&%+* +, 5./>0% (.* -* /6:'(. &%(.0+&.
.* 4,-/+3 . (.* :-+*1%3 ,+ /-K%0 3% /-%310+ (./. %,%/%*1. (0'31+,'7+&. &%,
/-3'(@5+,, , &%34.K+03% &% .>K%1.3 (,+0+/%*1% 0'1-+,%3 *. %3 4+01% &% -*+ *-%=+
'*&':%*('+D ,+ 4,-/+ ,+ 4'%, E %, :-+*1% (.*1'*O+* '/40%:*+*&. + ,+ /-K%0 (.* 3-
='01-& /6:'(+ +-* (-+*&. 3% ,.3 5+E+ L-'1+&. +(1O+* (./. %, 0%(-%0&. %*=.,=%*1%
&% -*+ (+4+0+7)* ,-K.3+ 3 -*+ ,%E %='&%*1% L-% %, 310'4@1%+3% %* 3- (.*K-*1. 3%
.B0%(% &%*10. &% ,+ /'3/+ *+1-0+,%7+ L-% 4.3%% ,+ =%31'/%*1+ &%, 40'*('4'.D 3' %31+
=%31'/%*1+ 0%3-,1+ '/40.>+>,% (./. %* %, (+3. &% ,+ (5'*+ . &% ,+ /-K%0 %*=-%,1+ %*
4'%,%3 %, &%3*-&. L-% 3':-% %3 ':-+,/%*1% '00%+, 4-,'&. E (%00+&. (./. -* .>K%1.
>%,,. L-% 3% &%3,'7+ +, /+0:%* &%, &%1%0'.0. 5-/+*. 4.0 3- /'3/+ %<10+=+:+*('+
31+ %3 ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* 40.B-*&+ &%, 3%<. &% &'+/+*1% . &% (+0%E L-% +4+0%(% %* %,
B'*+, &%, 310'4@1%+3%D %, 10'6*:-,. O,1'/. 4.0 3- B.0/+ 4-0+ E :%./C10'(+ 4.0 3-
/+1%0'+ >0',,+*1% E &-0+ .>1-0+ %, 3%<. (./. -*+ %34+&+ &% 4-0%7+ E +00.K+
&%B'*'1'=+/%*1% + ,+ /-K%0 + -* -*'=%03. /'*%0+,):'(. + 4'%&0+ Q40%('.3+R %3 %*
%31% (+3. ,+ 10+&-((')* '00%B-1+>,% &%, .>K%1. 1.1+, % '*O1',
.*10+0'+/%*1% +, 40%K-'('. &'B-*&'&. %, >+',% L-% +(./4+8+ 1.&. %, 1'%/4. %,
310'4@1%+3% &% *'*:-*+ /+*%0+ %3 -* B+(1.0 %0)1'(. *(,-3'=% %3 4.3'>,% L-% 3%+ 1.&.
,. (.*10+0'.D ,+ .*&-,+(')* 3-+=%/%*1% 021/'(+ (.*K-0+ %, /'%&. + ,+ '*/.=','&+& .
3),. .1.0:+ +, %34%(16(-,. ,+ ,%:'1'/+(')* L-% .B0%(% %, +01% Q,.3 >+',%3 &%, /-3'(@5+,,
3'%/40% 3.* N+01231'(.3NR 3'*. E 3.>0% 1.&. (.*31'1-E% ,+ O,1'/+ (,+-3-0+ ,+ /63
%B'(+7D %, >+',% 5%(5. &% :%31.3 0'1-+,%3 ='31.3 /', =%(%3 +(1O+ (./. (.3/C1'(. &%
/.='/'%*1.3 .(-,1+ ,+ &%3*-&%7 '*10.&-(% %, %34%(16(-,. >+K. -*+ (->'%01+ &%
:%31.3 '*O1',%3 E 3'* %/>+0:. 40'=',%:'+&.3 4-%3 %, +(1. &% &%3*-&+03% L-%&+
0%,%:+&. + ,+ (+1%:.02+ &% .4%0+('.*%3 4+063'1+3 0%+,'7+&+3 %* -*+ ,%K+*2+ 4.(.
=%0.32/', 32 =%/.3 + ,+3 40.B%3'.*+,%3 &%, 310'4@1%+3% %*=-%,1+3 %* -*+ %3%*('+
/',+:0.3+ L-% ,+3 ='31% 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% ,+3 +,%K+ ,%3 .1.0:+ ,+ B02+ '*&'B%0%*('+ &%
56>',%3 %<4%0'/%*1+&+3 0%B-:'+&+3 (.* 3.>%0>'+ %* ,+ (%01'&-/>0% &% 3- 1C(*'(+D 3-
('%*('+ ,+3 ='31% (./. -* 0.4+K%
.&. %31. %31+ /'*-('.3+ (.*K-0+(')* &%, 3%<. 4-%&% =%0'B'(+03% 4.0
(.*10+4.3'(')* %* ,.3 N(.*(-03.3 4.4-,+0%3N 0 2 &% 310'4@1%+3% &% +B'('.*+&.3D ,+3
N40'*('4'+*1%3N 3% &%3='31%* +*1% +,:-*.3 (%*1%*+0%3 &% %34%(1+&.0%3 3'* 0%(-00'0 Q.
0%(-00'%*&. (.* /-E 4.(+ 5+>','&+&R + ,+ /+:'+ ,. L-% 0%31+>,%(%
'*&'3(-1'>,%/%*1% %, 4.&%0 %0)1'(. &%, %34%(16(-,. * ,.3 N(.*(-03.3 4.4-,+0%3N
4+0+ %/4%7+0 5+E /-(5. /%*.3 (5'*+3 E %34+8.,+3 *' 4,-/+3 *' 4'%,%3 Q%310'(1.3
10+K%3 3+310% +>0':.3 ('-&+&+*.3 (+3' *+&+ &% &'3B0+(%3 .0':'*+,%3M 4+3.3 '*56>',%3
Roland Barthes Mitologías

>+',%3 '*3-B'('%*1%3 ,+ /-(5+(5+ 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% %<4-%31+ + ,+ '*/.=','&+& E

3.>0% 1.&. ,+ &'B'(-,1+& N1C(*'(+N Q%, 3,'4 L-% 3% 0%3'31% . ,+ B+,&+ . %, 3.31C*R L-%
.1.0:+ + ,.3 :%31.3 &%, &%3(->0'/'%*1. -*+ '/4.01+*('+ '*%34%0+&+ *'%:+ + ,+ /-K%0
,+ (.+01+&+ &%, +01% E %, 0%B-:'. &%, .>K%1. E ,+ %*('%00+ %* -*+ 3'1-+(')* &% &%>','&+&
E 1%/.0
* (+/>'. %* %, !3 3% 4%0B',+ -*+ (.*K-0+(')* &% .10+3
(+0+(1%0231'(+3 1+, =%7 124'(+/%*1% B0+*(%3+ L-% 4.0 .10+ 4+01% 1'%*&% /63 +
&./%31'(+0 %, %0.1'3/. L-% + +>.,'0,. , +*'/+&.0 '*1%*1+ .1.0:+0 +, 310'4@1%+3% -*+
(+1%:.02+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ 10+*L-','7+*1% * 40'/%0 ,-:+0 %, 310'4@1%+3% %3 -*
+ %<'31% -* 10'4@1%+3% ,-> L-% .0:+*'7+ 3+*+3 (./4%1%*('+3 %* ,+3 L-% ,+3
10'-*B+&.0+3 3.* (.0.*+&+3 0%(./4%*3+&+3 (.* 40%/'.3 %&'B'(+*1%3 Q-* +>.*. 4+0+
,%(('.*%3 &% (-,1-0+ B23'(+R -*+ *.=%,+ QL-% ,):'(+/%*1% 1'%*% L-% 3%0 # &%
.>>%@ 0',,%1R . 40%/'.3 O1',%3 Q-* 4+0 &% /%&'+3 &% *E,.* -*+ (+*1'&+& &% B0+*(.3R
&%/63 %, 310'4@1%+3% 3% +3'/',+ + -*+ Q40'*('4'+*1%3 3%/'40.B%3'.*+,%3
40.B%3'.*+,%3R %3 &%('0 +, %K%0('('. 5.*.0+>,% &% -*+ %34%('+,'&+& Q,+3 /-K%0%3 L-%
0%+,'7+* 310'4@1%+3% 3.* .>0%0+3 (+,'B'(+&+3RM 3% ,%3 4-%&% .1.0:+0 '*(,-3. ,+ (.+01+&+
/6:'(+ &%, 10+>+K. ,+ + 1+, /-(5+(5+ N+*&+ 4.0 >-%* (+/'*.N . N40./%1%
/+*1%*%0 ,+3 %<4%(1+1'=+3 L-% 5+>2+ (0%+&.N . 4.0 ,. (.*10+0'. N0%+,'7+ 3-3 40'/%0.3
4+3.3N %* %, +0&-. (+/'*. &%, 310'4@1%+3% .0 O,1'/. PE %31. %3 /-E '/4.01+*1%P
,+3 (.*(-03+*1%3 3.* ->'(+&+3 3.('+,@/%*1%D C31+ %3 =%*&%&.0+ 1+, .10+ %3 3%(0%1+0'+
Q5+E /-(5+3 3%(0%1+0'+3 %* %, 10'4@1%+3% ,->R * %31% /./%*1) ,+ /-K%0 L-% 5+(%
310'4@1%+3% 3% 0%'*1%:0+ + ,+ 3+,+ 3% B+/','+0'7+ 3% +>-0:-%3+ (./. 3' ,.3 B0+*(%3%3 P
+, 0%=C3 &%, 4O>,'(. *.01%+/%0'(+*. Q+, /%*.3 4.0 ,. L-% 3% &'(%RP E &% +(-%0&. +
-*+ 1%*&%*('+ '00%40'/'>,% &% 3- 3'1-+(')* 3.('+, 3),. 4-&'%0+* (.*(%>'0 %, %0.1'3/.
(./. -*+ 40.4'%&+& 5.:+0%8+ ,%:'1'/+&+ 4.0 ,+ (.+01+&+ &%, &%4.01% 3%/+*+,
/-(5. /63 L-% 4.0 ,+ (.+01+&+ &%, %34%(16(-,. /6:'(. % %31+ /+*%0+ %, 310'4@
1%+3% %* 0+*('+ 3% 5+ *+('.*+,'7+&.

" - "

% /% .(-00% L-% %, +-1./)=', %3 %* *-%310.3 &2+3 %, %L-'=+,%*1% >+31+*1%

%<+(1. &% ,+3 :0+*&%3 (+1%&0+,%3 :)1'(+3 U-'%0. &%('0 L-% (.*31'1-E% -*+ :0+*
(0%+(')* &% ,+ C4.(+ (.*(%>'&. +4+3'.*+&+/%*1% 4.0 +01'31+3 &%3(.*.('&.3
(.*3-/'&.3 + 10+=C3 &% 3- '/+:%* +-*L-% *. &% 3- -3. 4.0 -* 4-%>,. %*1%0. L-% 3%
+40.4'+ %* C, &% -* .>K%1. +>3.,-1+/%*1% /6:'(.
, *-%=. '10.%* (+% /+*'B'%31+/%*1% &%, ('%,. 4.0 %, 5%(5. &% L-% 3% 40%3%*1+
+*1%3 L-% *+&+ (./. -* , 3-4%0,+1'=. 3 40%('3. *. .,='&+0 L-% %, .>K%1. %3 %,
/%K.0 /%*3+K%0. &% ,. 3.>0%*+1-0+,D 3% %*(-%*10+ B6(',/%*1% %* %, .>K%1. + ,+ =%7
4%0B%((')* E +-3%*('+ &% .0':%* (.*(,-3')* E >0',,+*1%7 10+*3B.0/+(')* &% ,+ ='&+ %*
/+1%0'+ Q,+ /+1%0'+ %3 /-(5. /63 /6:'(+ L-% ,+ ='&+R E 4+0+ &%('0,. %* -*+ 4+,+>0+
%* %, .>K%1. 3% %*(-%*10+ -* L-% 4%01%*%(% +, .0&%* &% ,. /+0+=',,.3. ,
W
N&%%3%N 4.3%% 1.&.3 ,.3 (+0+(1%0%3 Q+, /%*.3 %, 4O>,'(. 3% ,.3 .1.0:+ -*6*'/%/%*1%R
&% -*. &% %3.3 .>K%1.3 &%3(%*&'&.3 &% .10. -*'=%03. L-% +,'/%*1+0.* ,+ /+*2+ &%,

W N + I C%33%IN %* %, .0':'*+, , K-%:. &% 4+,+>0+3 %3 '*10+&-('>,% _ +-1./)=', %3 *./>0+&. 4.0

,+ -*')* B.*C1'(+ &% ,+3 &.3 ,%10+3 L-% %* B0+*(C3 (.'*('&% (.* ,+ 4+,+>0+ &'.3+ + 3':*'B'(+(')* 3%
5+(% =%0.32/', 3' 3% 1'%*% %* (-%*1+ L-% %* ,+ ,%*:-+ .0':'*+, +-1./)=', %3 B%/%*'*. G H
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3':,. ! E + *-%310+ ('%*('+@B'((')*D ,+ &%%3% %3 -* *-%=. +-1',-3

.0 %31+ 0+7)* ,+ :%*1% 3% '*1%0%3+ /63 %* 3-3 ,2*%+3 L-% %* 3- 3-31+*('+ ./.
3% 3+>% ,. ,'3. %3 -* +10'>-1. 4%0/+*%*1% &% ,+ 4%0B%((')* 4.0L-% ,. (.*10+0'.
10+'('.*+ -*+ .4%0+(')* 1C(*'(+ E 40.B-*&+/%*1% 5-/+*+ &% +K-31%D ,+ 1O*'(+ &%
0'31. *. 1%*2+ (.31-0+ +32 (./. ,+3 +%0.*+=%3 &% ,+ ('%*('+@B'((')* 3.* &% -* /%1+,
3'* K-*1-0+3 , 9 *. 40%1%*&% 3%0 -*+ 4-0+ (->'%01+ +-*L-% 3- B.0/+ :%*%0+,
3%+ /-E %*=.,=%*1% .* 1.&. ,. L-% /63 '*1%0%3+ +, 4O>,'(. 3.* 3-3 +K-31%3D 3%
40-%>+* (.* B-0'+ ,+ -*')* &% ,.3 ='&0'.3 3% 4+3+ ,+ /+*. 4.0 ,+3 +/4,'+3 (+*+,%1+3
&% (+-(5. L-% +K-31+* %, ='&0'. &% +1063 +, >.0&% *'L-%,+&. <'31% %* %, ,+
'*3'*-+(')* &% -*+ *-%=+ B%*./%*.,.:2+ &%, +K-31% (./. 3' 3% 4+3+0+ &% -* /-*&.
&% %,%/%*1.3 3.,&+&.3 + -* /-*&. &% %,%/%*1.3 E-<1+4-%31.3 L-% 3% 3.31'%*%*
:0+('+3 + 3- B.0/+ /+0+=',,.3+ ,. L-% 4.0 3-4-%31. '*10.&-(% ,+ '&%+ &% -*+
*+1-0+,%7+ /63 B6(',
* (-+*1. + ,+ /+1%0'+ 40.4'+/%*1% &'(5+ *. (+>% &-&+ &% L-% 4.3%% %, :-31.
&% ,. ,'='+*. %* 3%*1'&. /6:'(. % 0%:0%3+ + ('%01. +%0.&'*+/'3/. *-%=. 3'*
%/>+0:. 4.0L-% %3 /%*.3 /+3'=. /%*.3 1+K+*1% /63 +0/.*'.3. L-% %, &% ,.3
40'/%0.3 1'%/4.3 &% %31+ /.&+ + =%,.('&+& 3% %<40%3+ (.* 3':*.3 /%*.3 +:0%3'=.3
/%*.3 &%4.01'=.3 (./. 3' 5->'%0+ 4+3+&. &% -*+ B.0/+ 5%0.'(+ + -*+ B.0/+ (,63'(+
31+ %34'0'1-+,'7+(')* 4-%&% ,%%03% %* ,+ '/4.01+*('+ %, (-'&+&. E ,+ /+1%0'+ &% ,+3
3-4%0B'('%3 &% ='&0'. + &%%3% %3 -*+ ='3'>,% %<+,1+(')* &%, ='&0'. E ,+ (5+4+ ,% 3'0=%
3),. &% >+3% .3 ='&0'.3 *. 3.* =%*1+*+3 +>%01-0+3 4%0B.0+&+3 %* ,+ (+K+ .3(-0+ &% ,+
(+00.(%02+M ,.3 ='&0'.3 3.* :0+*&%3 ,'%*7.3 &% +'0% E =+(2. L-% 1'%*%* ,+ (-0=+1-0+
&%34,%:+&+ E %, >0',,. &% ,+3 4./4+3 &% K+>)* ,+ %3>%,1%7 0%3'31%*1% &% -*+ 3-31+*('+
/63 >'%* %*1./.,):'(+ L-% /'*%0+, Q,+ '*3':*'+ '10.%* %* B.0/+ &% B,%(5+ 3%
10+*3B.0/) %* '*3':*'+ +,+&+ (./. 3' +5.0+ 3% 4+3+0+ &% -* .0&%* ='*(-,+&. + ,+
40.4-,3')* + .10. ='*(-,+&. +, /.='/'%*1. &% -* .0&%* &%, /.1.0 + -* .0&%* &%,
.0:+*'3/.
% 10+1+ 4-%3 &% -* +01% 5-/+*'7+&. E %3 4.3'>,% L-% ,+ &%%3% /+0L-% -*
(+/>'. %* ,+ /'1.,.:2+ +-1./.=',231'(+ +31+ +5.0+ %, (.(5% 3-4%0,+1'=. 3%
='*(-,+>+ /63 >'%* + ,+ >%31'+,'&+& &% ,+ 4.1%*('+ .* %, 3% =-%,=% + ,+ =%7 /63
%34'0'1-+, E /63 .>K%1'=+M E + 4%3+0 &% +,:-*+3 (.*(%3'.*%3 *%./+*'+(+3 Q(./. %,
=.,+*1% 5-%(.R 3% *.3 /-%310+ /63 $ /63 +(.0&% + ,+ 3->,'/+(')* &% ,.3
-1%*3','.3 L-% 3% %*(-%*10+* %* ,+3 +01%3 &./C31'(+3 (.*1%/4.06*%+3 , 1+>,%0. &%
/+*&.3 3% 4+0%(% /63 + ,+ /%3+ &% 10+>+K. &% -*+ (.('*+ /.&%0*+ L-% + ,+ (%*10+, &%
-*+ B6>0'(+ ,+3 &%,:+&+3 +,%1+3 &% (5+4+ /+1% .*&-,+&+ ,+3 4+,+*(+3 4%L-%8+3 (.*
>.,+3 >,+*(+3 ,.3 '*&'(+&.0%3 ,-/'*.3.3 /-E 3'/4,%3 '*(,-3. ,+ &'3(0%(')* &%,
*'L-%,+&. 1.&. 3':*'B'(+ -*+ %34%('% &% (.*10., L-% 3% %K%0(% 3.>0% %, /.='/'%*1.
(.*(%>'&. %* +&%,+*1% %* B-*(')* &%, (.*B.01 E *. &% ,.3 0%3-,1+&.3 3.040%*&%*1%3
+3+/.3 + 1.&+3 ,-(%3 &% -*+ +,L-'/'+ &% ,+ =%,.('&+& +, 4,+(%0 &% ,+ (.*&-((')*
+ ,+ '/40%3')* &% L-% %, 4O>,'(. +&'='*) &% /+*%0+ +&/'0+>,% ,+ *.=%&+& &%
,.3 1%/+3 L-% 3% 5+* 40.4-%31.D %* 40'/%0 ,-:+0 3%*3'>,% +, *%.,.:'3/. Q-*+
+&%(-+&+ (+/4+8+ &% 40%*3+ ,. /+*1%*2+ +,%01+ &%3&% 5+(% +8.3R 3% %3B-%07+
064'&+/%*1% 4.0 '*(.04.0+0 -*+ (.*&-(1+ &% +&+41+(')* E -1','1+0'3/. QN +E L-%
5+>'1-+03% + ,+ *.=%&+&NR * ,+3 3+,+3 &% %<4.3'(')* %, (.(5% 1%31':. %3 ='3'1+&. (.*
+4,'(+(')* '*1%*3+ +/.0.3+D %3 ,+ B+3% '/4.01+*1% &%, &%3(->0'/'%*1. 16(1', %,
/./%*1. %* L-% ,+ /+0+=',,+ ='3-+, =+ + 3-B0'0 %, +3+,1. @.7.*+&.0 &%, 1+(1. Q4.0L-%
%, 1+(1. %3 %, /63 &%3/'1'B'(+&.0 &% ,.3 3%*1'&.3 +, (.*10+0'. &% ,+ ='31+ L-% %3 %, /63
/6:'(.R +3 (5+4+3 ,+3 -*'.*%3 3.* 1.(+&+3 ,.3 0%,,%*.3 4+,4+&.3 ,.3 +3'%*1.3

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

40.>+&.3 ,+3 4-%01+3 +(+0'('+&+3 ,.3 +,/.5+&.*%3 /+*.3%+&.3M B0%*1% +, =.,+*1% 3%

3'/-,+ (.*&-('0 (.* 1.&. %, (-%04. 5.0+ %, .>K%1. %316 1.1+,/%*1% 40.31'1-'&.
+40.4'+&.D =%*'&. &%, ('%,. &% %10)4.,'3 %* -* (-+01. &% 5.0+ ,+ &%%3% 5+ 3'&.
/%&'+1'7+&+ E (-/4,% %* %31% %<.0('3/. %, :%31. %34%('B'(. &% ,+ 40./.(')*
4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+

" # " #

, +3-*1. '*.- 0.-%1 3% 40%3%*1) &-0+*1% ,+0:. 1'%/4. (./. -* %*':/+

4.,'('+,D S%3 %,,+ . *. %3 %,,+T %3% /'31%0'. 3% +4,'(+0.* ,+3 1C(*'(+3 5+>'1-+,%3 &% ,+
4.,'(2+ Q/%*.3 ,+ 1.01-0+ X E L-'C* 3+>%Y RD ,+ '*=%31':+(')* %, %/>+0:. ,+
:0+B.,.:2+ ,+ 43'(.1C(*'(+ E %, +*6,'3'3 '*1%0*. &% &.(-/%*1.3 ' ,+ 3.('%&+&
/.=','7) -* +4+0+1. (+3' K-&'('+, 4+0+ 10+1+0 &% 0%3.,=%0 -* %*':/+ N4.C1'(.N %3 &%
3.34%(5+0 L-% *. 3% 10+1+ 3'/4,%/%*1% &%, :-31. 4.0 ,+ 4.%32+M ,. L-% .(-00% %3 L-% ,+
'/+:%* &% -*+ *'8+@4.%1+ %3 4+0+ ,+ 3.('%&+& 3.040%*&%*1% E *%(%3+0'+ +, /'3/.
1'%/4. % 10+1+ &% -*+ '/+:%* L-% %3 *%(%3+0'. ,%:'1'/+0 ,. /63 ('%*12B'(+/%*1%
4.3'>,% 4-%3 %,,+ 0':% %, /'1. (%*10+, &%, +01% >-0:-C3D ,+ '00%34.*3+>','&+& Q&% ,+ L-%
%, :%*'. %, *'8. E %, 4.%1+ *. 3.* /63 L-% B':-0+3 3->,'/+&+3R
'%*10+3 %34%0+>+* %, &%3(->0'/'%*1. &% &.(-/%*1.3 .>K%1'=.3 1.&.3 ,.3 L-%
1./+0.* 4+01% %* ,+ '*&+:+(')* 4.,'('+, QE 3.* =%0&+&%0+/%*1% *-/%0.3.3R 3),. 3%
+4.E+0.* %* -*+ =+:+ '&%+ *.0/+1'=+ &% ,+ '*B+*('+ E &% ,+ 4.%32+D ,+ '&%+ L-% (+&+
-*. 4.3%2+ &%3&% +*1%3 .3 0+7.*+/'%*1.3 =%01'&.3 + 40.4)3'1. &%, (+3. '*.-
0.-%1 3.* 1+-1.,):'(.3 4.0 *+1-0+,%7+ *. 1'%*%* *'*:O* =+,.0 &%/.310+1'=.D E. *.
4-%&. 40.>+0 L-% ,.3 =%03.3 L-% /% /.310+0.* 3.* 0%+,/%*1% ,.3 &% -* *'8. 3' +*1%3
*. 3C L-C %3 ,+ '*B+*('+ E L-C %3 ,+ 4.%32+ 31. %L-'=+,% + (%00+0 %, 40.(%3. 3.>0% 32
/'3/. 31+/.3 +*1% -* *-%=. %K%/4,. &% %3+ ('%*('+ 4.,'('+, ',-3.0'+ L-% 3% %K%0(')
(.* B-0.0 %* %, (+3. &%, ='%K. ./'*'('M B-*&+&+ 1.1+,/%*1% %* ('%01+ 1'0+*2+ &% ,+
%3+ ('%*('+ %&'B'(+ -*+ =%0&+& ('0(-,+0 L-% &%K+ (-'&+&.3+/%*1% &% ,+&.
,+ 0%+,'&+& &%, +(-3+&. . &%, 40.>,%/+ *+ 4%3L-'3+ 4.,'('+, &% %31% 1'4. (.*3'31% %*
0%(-4%0+0 ,.3 4.31-,+&.3 L-% 3% 1'%*%* 3.>0% %, 40.>,%/+ &%3&% %, (./'%*7.D 4+0+ %,
='%K. ./'*'(' 3%0 (-,4+>,% %0+ (.'*('&'0 (.* ,+ N43'(.,.:2+N L-% %, 40.(-0+&.0
:%*%0+, ,,%=+ (.*3':. %0+ +3-/'0 + ,+ /+*%0+ &% -*+ 10+*3B%0%*('+ /6:'(+ %,
(-,4+>,% L-% %316 %* %, B.*&. &% ,.3 /+:'310+&.3 0+ (.*31'1-'03% %* .>K%1. %/'3+0'.D
,+ *. %3 /63 L-% -*+ &'34.3'(')* &%, +(-3+&. + 4+0%(%03% + 3-3 K-%(%3
%, /'3/. /.&. '*1%00.:+03% Q(.* 1+*1+ ='.,%*('+ (./. ,. 5'7. ,+ 40%*3+R 3.>0% ,+
+-1%*1'('&+& &% ,+ 4.%32+ &0.-%1'31+ 3':*'B'(+ 4+01'0 &% -* 40%K-'('. 3.>0% ,+ '*B+*('+ E
3.>0% ,+ 4.%32+ E =.,=%0 B+1+,/%*1% + %3% 40%K-'('. +, /+0:%* &% ,. L-% 3% 5->'%0+
4.&'&. %*(.*10+0 %* %, (+/'*.M 3':*'B'(+ 4.31-,+0 -*+ *.0/+,'&+& 4.C1'(+ % '*B+*1', +
,+ =%7 3%:O* ,+ (-+, 3% K-7:+06 + '*.- 0.-%1M 3':*'B'(+ L-% (-+,L-'%0+ B-%3% ,+
&%('3')* 3% .>,':+06 %<40%3+/%*1% + '*.- 0.-%1 P(./. 40.&':'. E (./. =2(1'/+
(./. /'31%0'. E (./. 40.&-(1. %* &%B'*'1'=+ (./. 4-0. .>K%1. /6:'(.P + L-%
(+0:-% (.* %, /'1. 4.C1'(. E (.* %, /'1. '*B+*1', &% *-%310. 1'%/4.
.0 .10+ 4+01% K-31+/%*1% ,+ (./>'*+(')* =+0'+>,% &% +00'>.3 /'1.3 40.&-(% ,+3
&'B%0%*1%3 0%+(('.*%3 E K-'('.3 * %, (.*K-*1. %316* 0%40%3%*1+&+3 10%3 C4.(+3
/'1.Y):'(+3 ,:-*.3 (,63'(.3 0%7+:+&.3 5.31',%3 4.0 10+&'(')* + ,+ 4.%32+@&%3.0&%*
(.*&%*+* + '*.- 0.-%1 &% (-+,L-'%0 B.0/+D 3' 3- 4.%32+ %3 +-1C*1'(+ %3 ,+ 4.%32+
&% -*+ *'8+ E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. 3.34%(5.3+ 4-%3 *. %3 N0+('.*+,NM 3' %3 ,+ 4.%32+ &% -*
+&-,1. ,+ (.*&%*+* 4.0L-% %* %3% (+3. 0%3-,1+ B+,3+ 63 40)<'/.3 + *-%310.

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

1'%/4. -* :0-4. &% *%)B'1.3 =%*%0+>,%3 .0:-,,.3.3 &% +((%&%0 + ,+ 4.%32+ '00+('.*+,
3% /+0+=',,+* &% &%3(->0'0 Q%* 9AAR %, 4.&%0 4.C1'(. &% ,+ '*B+*('+ 3% /+0+=',,+* 4.0
-* 5%(5. ,'1%0+0'. >+*+, (.*.('&. &%3&% 5+(% 1'%/4. 10.3 4.0 O,1'/. ,.3 +*1':-.3
/','1+*1%3 &% ,+ 4.%32+@'*B+*('+ ,.3 L-% %31-='%0.* %* ,+ (0%31+ &%, /'1. (-+*&. %0+*
&% =+*:-+0&'+ %(5+* 3.>0% ,+ 4.%32+ &% '*.- 0.-%1 -*+ /'0+&+ %3(C41'(+
(+*3+&+ 4.0 %, 4%3+&. 0%(-%0&. &% -*+ (+/4+8+ 5%0.'(+ &% -*+ ('%*('+ + ,+ L-% E+
*+&+ '*1'/'&+ Q .(1%+-D N .&.3 ,.3 *'8.3 &% *-%=% +8.3 1'%*%* :%*'. 3+,=. '*.-
0.-%1NR + (-+01+ C4.(+ ,+ &% ,.3 4.%1+3 &% 5.E *. 4+0%(% 5+>%0 3'&. (.*3-,1+&+D
4.(. (.*.('&.3 4.0 %, 4O>,'(. 3% 4%*3) L-% 3- K-'('. *. 1%*&02+ *'*:O* =+,.0
&%/.310+1'=. E+ L-% *. 0%40%3%*1+* *'*:O* /'1.M 4.0 .10+ 4+01% *. (0%. L-%
0%(.*.7(+* *+&+ &% 32 /'3/.3 %* ,+ 4.%32+ &% '*.- 0.-%1
%0. 1+*1. 3% ,+ &%(,+0% '*.(%*1% . 3% ,+ &%(,+0% +&-,1+ Q%3 &%('0 L-% 3% %,.:'% .
3% &-&% &% %,,+R 3-4.*% 0%(.*.(%0 L-% ,+ 4.%32+ &% '*.- 3% B-*&+ 3.>0% -*+
&'B%0%*('+(')* 40.B-*&+ '*1%04-%31+ 4.0 ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %*10% ,+ %&+& '*B+*1', E ,+ %&+&
/+&-0+M 3-4.*% 4.31-,+0 +, *'8. (./. -* 3%0 +3.('+, . 4.0 ,. /%*.3 (+4+7 &%
.4%0+0 %34.*16*%+/%*1% 3- 40.4'+ (021'(+ 3.>0% 32 /'3/. E 40.5'>'03% %, -3. &% ,+3
4+,+>0+3 %3(-(5+&+3 (.* %, O*'(. .>K%1. &% /+*'B%31+03% 4,%*+/%*1% (./. *'8. '&%+,
0%%0 %* %, N:%*'.N 4.C1'(. &% ,+ '*B+*('+ %3 (0%%0 %* -*+ 3-%01% &% 4+01%*.:C*%3'3
,'1%0+0'+ %3 40%3%*1+0 ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ -*+ =%7 /63 (./. &.* &% ,.3 &'.3%3 -+,L-'%0
5-%,,+ &% N(-,1-0+N %3 (.*3'&%0+&+ %*:+8.3+ (./. 3' %, -3. &% ,.3 =.(+>-,+0'.3
%31-='%0+ %310'(1+/%*1% 0%:,+/%*1+&. 4.0 ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ (./. 3' %, *'8. *. ='='%0+ %*
(.*31+*1% .3/.3'3 (.* %, /%&'. +&-,1.M E ,+ /%16B.0+ ,+ '/+:%* ,.3 (.*(%41.3
>0',,+*1%3 3.* +10'>-'&.3 + ,+ '*B+*('+ (./. 3':*.3 &% 4-0+ %34.*1+*%'&+& (-+*&.
(.*3('%*1%/%*1% . *. %* 0%+,'&+& (.*31'1-E%* %, ,-:+0 &% -*+ '*1%*3+ %,+>.0+(')*
3-4.*%* -*+ N40.B-*&'&+&N %* ,+ L-% ,+ /+&-0%7 '*&'='&-+, 1'%*% -* 4+4%, &%('3'=.
%+* (-+,%3 B-%0%* ,.3 0%3-,1+&.3 &% ,+ '*=%31':+(')* %, %*':/+ %3 4-%3 &%
4.(. '*1%0C3M *. %3(,+0%(% *' 3.>0% ,+ '*B+*('+ *' 3.>0% ,+ 4.%32+ . L-% 1%0/'*+ 4.0
=.,=%0 '*&'B%0%*1% %31% /'31%0'. %3 L-% '*B+*1', . +&-,1+ ,+ 4.%32+ &% /+00+3 1'%*%
-*+ 0%+,'&+& 4%0B%(1+/%*1% 5'31)0'(+D 3% ,+ 4-%&% B%(5+0 E ,. /%*.3 L-% 4.&02+/.3
&%('0 %3 L-% 1'%*% -* 4.(. /63 &% .(5. +8.3 L-% %3 ,+ %&+& &% '*.- 0.-%1 *
%B%(1. +,0%&%&.0 &% 9 5->. -* 4%L-%8. *O/%0. &% 4.%1+3 /%*.0%3 + L-'%*%3 ,+3
5'31.0'+3 &% *-%310+ ,'1%0+1-0+ &%/+3'+&. 40%.(-4+&+3 %* (,+3'B'(+0 ,+ *+&+ +:0-4+*
:%*%0+,/%*1% >+K. %, *./>0% 4O&'(. &% +'3,+&.3 E 0%10+3+&.3 (+40'(5.3.3 %
'*1'/'31+3 %1( ,,2 %*10% %3.3 *./>0%3 5+E L-% (.,.(+0 '*&-&+>,%/%*1% + ,+ *'8+
0.-%1 P. + 3- /-3+PM +, ,+&. &% 4.%1+3 1+* 40%31':'.3.3 (./. +&+/% -0*+1@
0.='*3 .:%0 ,,+0& . 0'31+* Z,'*:3.0 + 4.%32+ &% '*.- 0.-%1 %3 &% %3+
(+1%:.02+D 4.%32+ (-%0&+ +7-(+0+&+ B-*&+&+ %* ,+ (%01%7+ +>3.,-1+ &% L-% ,+ 4.%32+
%3 -*+ (-%31')* &% /%16B.0+ E (-E. (.*1%*'&. *. %3 .10+ (.3+ L-% -* %,%:'+(.
3%*1'/'%*1. >-0:-C3 U-% %31+ 40%('.3+ =-,:+0'&+& 4-%&+ 4+3+0 4.0 4.%32+ E L-% +,
0%34%(1. '*(,-3. 3% '*3'*O% %, *./>0% &% '/>+-& %, '*%='1+>,% *'8.@4.%1+ %3
40.&-(1. %<(,-3'=+/%*1% &%, /'1. .0 ,. &%/63 %, /'1. %3 /-E (,+0.M ,+ B-*(')* &%
%3.3 4.%1+3 %3 %='&%*1%D 40.4.0('.*+* +, 4O>,'(. ,.3 &% ,+ 4.%32+ E *. ,+ 4.%32+
/'3/+M 3.* %(.*)/'(.3 E 10+*L-','7+*1%3 *+ /-K%0 %<40%3) /-E >'%* ,+ B-*(')*
3-4%0B'('+,/%*1% %/+*('4+&+ E 40.B-*&+/%*1% 40-&%*1% &% ,+ N3%*3'>','&+&N
'*1'/'31+D +&+/% &% .+',,%3 L-% QX(.'*('&%*('+YR 40.,.:) %* 3- C4.(+ ,.3 4.%/+3
&% .10+ *'8+ N:%*'+,N +>'*% '(+-& /-%01+ + ,.3 +8.3
-1C*1'(+ . *. %31+ 4.%32+ %316 4-%3 4%3+&+/%*1% &+1+&+ '* %/>+0:. +
10+=C3 &% -*+ (+/4+8+ &% 40%*3+ E ,+ ,%:'1'/+(')* L-% ,% .B0%(%* +,:-*+3

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4%03.*+,'&+&%3 *.3 5+(% ,%%0 ,. L-% ,+ 3.('%&+& (0%% L-% %3 ,+ '*B+*('+ E ,+ 4.%32+
'1+&.3 +,+>+&.3 . (./>+1'&.3 ,.3 1%<1.3 &% ,+ B+/','+ 0.-%1 3.* 40%('.3.3
/+1%0'+,%3 /'1.,):'(.3
* 40'/%0 ,-:+0 %*(.*10+/.3 %, /'1. &% ,. :%*'+, L-% 3'%/40% 0%3-,1+
'*+,(+*7+>,% .3 (,63'(.3 5+>2+* &%(0%1+&. L-% %0+ -* 40.>,%/+ &% 4+('%*('+ .E
,. :%*'+, %310'>+ %* :+*+0 1'%/4. %* 5+(%0 + ,.3 .(5. +8.3 ,. L-% *.0/+,/%*1% 3%
5+(% + ,.3 =%'*1'('*(. '/4,% (-%31')* &% (+*1'&+& 1%/4.0+,D 3% 10+1+ &% '0 -* 4.(.
/63 064'&. L-% 1.&. %, /-*&. + '*B+*('+ 3% =.,=%06 4-%3 %, ,-:+0 40'=',%:'+&. &%
,+ :%*'+,'&+& * ,+ C4.(+ &% +3(+, 3% (.*3'&%0+>+ + ,+ '*B+*('+ (./. -* 1'%/4.
4%0&'&.M %, 40.>,%/+ %0+ 3+,'0 &% %,,+ (-+*1. +*1%3 %3&% ,.3 1'%/4.3 0./6*1'(.3 Q+
4+01'0 &%, 10'-*B. >-0:-C3R 3% 10+1+ &% 4%0/+*%(%0 %* ,+ '*B+*('+ %, /+E.0 1'%/4.
4.3'>,% .&. +(1. +&-,1. '/4-1+>,% + ,+ '*B+*('+ Q'*(,-3'=% 0%10+3+&+R 4+01'('4+ &% 3-
'*1%/4.0+,'&+& +4+0%(% 40%31':'.3. 4-%31. L-% 3% 40.&-(% +
5'4%010.B'+ 4 &% ,+ %&+& '*B+*1', 3-4.*% L-% 3% ,+ (.*3'&%0+ (./. -*+ %&+&
40'=+&+ (%00+&+ 3.>0% 32 /'3/+ &%1%*1+&.0+ &% -* (+06(1%0 %34%('+, %3%*('+ '*%B+>,%
% '*10+*3/'3'>,%
%0. %* %, /./%*1. /'3/. %* L-% ,+ '*B+*('+ %3 &%B'*'&+ (./. -* /',+:0. 3%
4.31-,+ L-% %3% /',+:0. %3 3),. %, +((%3. 40%/+1-0. + ,.3 4.&%0%3 &%, +&-,1. *
(.*3%(-%*('+ ,+ %34%('B'('&+& &% ,+ '*B+*('+ 4%0/+*%(% +/>':-+ 3+(-&'&+ 4.0 ,+
/'3/+ +/>':V%&+& L-% +B%(1+ + 1.&.3 ,.3 .>K%1.3 &%, -*'=%03. (,63'(.D (./. ,+3
+0=%K+3 &% ,+ (./4+0+(')* 3+010%+*+ ,+ '*B+*('+ E ,+ /+&-0%7 3.* %&+&%3 &'B%0%*1%3
(%00+&+3 '*(./-*'(+>,%3 E *. .>31+*1% '&C*1'(+3 , /',+:0. &% '*.- 0.-%1
%310'>+ %* 40.&-('0 -*+ 4.%32+ +&-,1+ +-*L-% *'8+M %* 5+>%0 5%(5. &%3(%*&%0 ,+
%3%*('+ 4.C1'(+ %* ,+ %3%*('+ '*B+*1', , +3./>0. +*1% %31. *. 40.='%*% &% L-% 3%
40.&-7(+ -*+ =%0&+&%0+ &%310-((')* &% ,+3 %3%*('+3 Q,. L-% 3%02+ 0%+,/%*1% 3+*.R
3'*. 3'/4,%/%*1% &% 3- /%7(,+ 40%(.7 + *.(')* >-0:-%3+ &% < !
Q .7+01 '/>+-& .>%01. %*7'R %3 -* %K%/4,. (+>+, &% ,. &'(5. +*1%0'.0/%*1%M %3%
*'8. %3 .>K%1. +&/'0+>,% %* ,+ /%&'&+ L-% 0%+,'7+ ,+ B-*(')* '&%+, &% 1.&+ +(1'='&+&
(+4'1+,'31+D :+*+0 1'%/4.M 0%&-('0 ,+ &-0+(')* 5-/+*+ + -* 40.>,%/+ *-/C0'(. &%
'*31+*1%3 40%('.3.3
+ N%3%*('+N '*B+*1', 1'%*% B.0/+3 &'B%0%*1%3 3%:O* ,+ %&+& &% 3-3 -3-+0'.3D 4+0+
,.3 N/.&%0*'31+3N ,+ &':*'&+& &% ,+ '*B+*('+ 3-0:% &% 3- 40.4'+ '00+('.*+,'&+& Q%*
#761 *. 3% ':*.0+ ,+ 43'(.4%&+:.:2+R X 4.0 %3. ,+ :0.1%3(+ (.*B-3')* (.* %,
3-00%+,'3/.Y * (+/>'. 4+0+ %*0'.1 L-% %='1+ :,.0'B'(+0 (-+,L-'%0 B-%*1% &%
&%3.0&%* ,+ '*B+*('+ &%>% 40.&-('0 O*'(+/%*1% (.3+3 %*(+*1+&.0+3 E &'31'*:-'&+3
, *'8. *. 4-%&% 3%0 *' 10'='+, *' =-,:+0 ,. L-% 3-4.*% '/+:'*+0 .10+ =%7 -*+
%34%('% &% *+1-0+,%7+ '*B+*1', '&%+, =%*'&+ &%, ('%,. +, /+0:%* &% 1.&. &%1%0/'*'3/.
3.('+, ,. L-% 3':*'B'(+ %*10% .10+3 (.3+3 &%K+0 B-%0+ &% ,+ '*B+*('+ :0+* (+*1'&+& &%
*'8.3 E 3),. 0%(.*.(%0 (./. 1+,%3 + ,.3 :0+('.3.3 =631+:.3 &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ + %&+&
%* L-% %, 5./>0% %3 &%('0 %* ,+ L-% 3% '/40%:*+ ='=+/%*1% &%, /-*&. 3.('+,
E &% 3-3 +01'B'('.3 4+0+&)K'(+/%*1% 0%3-,1+ 4+0+ %*0'.1 ,+ %&+& &% ,. N*+1-0+,N +
%&+& %* L-% -* *'8. 4-%&% 10+*L-',+/%*1% /+1+0 + .10. Q5%(5. (.*1%/4.06*%. +,
+3-*1. '*.- 0.-%1R %3 4+0+ %*0'.1 ,+ %&+& %* L-% *. 3% 4.&02+ 3%0 ,O('&. E
:0.3%0. 3'*. 3),. N3'*(%0.N N%*(+*1+&.0N E N&'31'*:-'&.N
* ,. L-% *-%310.3 (./%*1+0'31+3 3% 4.*%* &% +(-%0&. %3 %* -*+ (+0+(1%0231'(+
3-B'('%*1% &% ,+ 4.%32+D 4+0+ 1.&.3 ,+ 4.%32+ %3 -*+ 3-(%3')* '*'*1%00-/4'&+ &%
4 *./>0% '*:%*-. &% ,+ /%16B.0+ -+*&. /63 +1'>.00+&. &% NB)0/-,+3N %31C
%, 4.%/+ 3% ,. (.*3'&%0+ /63 ,.:0+&. '* %/>+0:. 3),. ,.3 /+,.3 4.%1+3 5+(%*
Roland Barthes Mitologías

N>-%*+3N '/6:%*%3 . 4.0 ,. /%*.3 *. 5+(%* /63 L-% %3.D (.*('>%* '*:%*-+/%*1% +,
,%*:-+K% 4.C1'(. (./. -*+ 3-/+ &% >-%*.3 ,.:0.3 =%0>+,%3 4%03-+&'&.3 3'* I,-&+ &%
L-% 4.0 3%0 ,+ 4.%32+ =%52(-,. &% '00%+,'&+& 5+(% B+,1+ + 1.&. 40%('. %,
.>K%1. 4+3+0 &%, +0.-33% + ,+ /%16B.0+ (./. 3' >+31+0+ ,,+/+0 /+, ,+3 (.3+3 4+0+
4.%1'7+0,+3 , 0%3-,1+&. %3 L-% %31+ 4.%32+ 4-0+/%*1% /%1+B)0'(+ 3% (.*310-E%
+>3.,-1+/%*1% %* >+3% + -*+ %34%('% &% &'(('.*+0'. 4.C1'(. +, L-% .,'%0% +4.01)
+,:-*+3 5.K+3 4+0+ 3- 1'%/4. E %* %, (-+, %, 4.%1+ +>0%=+ 3- 4.%/+ (./. 3' 1-='%0+
L-% 10+&-('0 N40.3+N %* N=%03.N + 4.%32+ &% ,+3 0.-%1 %3 %31+ /%16B.0+
'*'*1%00-/4'&+ (.* /-(5+ +4,'(+(')* &.*&% 3-3 &%B%*3.0%3 PE 3-3 &%B%*3.0+3P
0%(.*.(%* (.* &%,%'1% %, 0.310. (,+0. '/4%0+1'=. &% ,+ 4.%32+ &% 4.%32+ Q*. 5+E
*+&+ /63 10+*L-','7+&.0 L-% -* &'(('.*+0'.R
3+ 3.>0%(+0:+ &% 5+,,+7:.3 40.&-(% 4.0 32 /'3/+ -*+ 3-/+ &% +&/'0+('.*%3M
,+ +&5%3')* +, 4.%/+ E+ *. %3 -* +(1. 1.1+, &%1%0/'*+&. (.* ,%*1'1-& E 4+('%*('+ +
10+=C3 &% -*+ 3%0'% &% 1'%/4.3 /-%01.3M %3 -*+ +(-/-,+(')* &% C<1+3'3 &% X>0+=.3Y
&% +4,+-3.3 .B0%('&.3 + ,+ +(0.>+('+ =%0>+,D %<'1.3+ 1+/>'C* %* %31% (+3. ,+ (+*1'&+&
3'0=% &% B-*&+/%*1. +, =+,.0 * %31% 3%*1'&. ,.3 1%<1.3 &% '*.- 0.-%1 3%
40%3%*1+* (./. ,+ +*12B0+3'3 &% ,+ 4.%32+ 4-%31. L-% +>+*&.*+* %, +0/+ 3.,'1+0'+ &%
,.3 %3(0'1.0%3 ,+ ,'1%0+,'&+& '* %/>+0:. 3),. %3+ +0/+ 4-%&% %,'/'*+0 %, +01'B'('. +
,+ /%16B.0+ 4.C1'(+ 0%=%,+0,+ (./. ,+ B-,:-0+(')* &% -*+ =%0&+& (.*L-'31+&+ 3.>0%
,+ (.*1'*-+ *6-3%+ &%, ,%*:-+K% +0+ 5+>,+0 3),. &% ,+ 4.%32+ /.&%0*+ Q4-%3 &-&.
L-% 5+E+ -*+ %3%*('+ &% ,+ 4.%32+ +, /+0:%* &% 3- 5'31.0'+R ,+ &% 4.,,'*+'0% 4.0
3-4-%31. E *. ,+ &% +&+/% -0*+1@ 0.='*3 3- >%,,%7+ 3- =%0&+& 40.='%*%* &%
-*+ &'+,C(1'(+ 40.B-*&+ %*10% ,+ ='&+ E ,+ /-%01% &%, ,%*:-+K% %*10% %, %34%3.0 &% ,+
4+,+>0+ E %, +>-00'/'%*1. &% ,+ 3'*1+<'3 + &% '*.- 0.-%1 %* (+/>'. 4+0,.1%+ 3'*
(%3+0 (./. %3.3 3%0%3 L-% 1'%*%* /'%&. +, 3',%*('.M %,,+ 1%/% ='3'>,%/%*1% + ,+ ,%10+ E
='=% &% -*+ +(-/-,+(')* &% 0%(-03.3 %<10%/.3D (.*B-*&% ,+ ='&+ (.* ,+ *%0='.3'&+&
%3 %31. ,. L-% 10+*L-','7+ %* %3+ 4.%32+ -*L-% 3% '*1%*1% (+0:+0,+ &% +,:.
%<10+8. +-*L-% 3% B'*K+ 0%('>'0,+ (.* +3./>0. E %* -* (.*1+:'. &% '/6:%*%3
&'1'06/>'(+3 3- /'3/+ 4+,+>0%02+ 3- (+-&+, &% 5+,,+7:.3 %3% .0&%* (+,(-,+&.0 &%
40.B-3')* >+0+1+ 1.&. B-*&+ -*+ 4.%32+ (%*1%,,%+*1% E %(.*)/'(+D 1+/>'C* +L-2
0%'*+ %, -*. &% ,.3 &%3(->0'/'%*1.3 /63 40%('.3.3 &%, /-*&. >-0:-C3 4-%31.
L-% 5+(% :+*+0 &'*%0. 3'* &'3/'*-'0 ,+ +4+0'%*('+ &% ,+ /%0(+*(2+ . %3 4.0 +7+0
L-% #761 5+ 1./+&. ,+ &%B%*3+ &% '*.- 0.-%1D %3 ,+ 4.%32+ '&%+, &% -*
-*'=%03. &.*&% %, %316 (-'&+&.3+/%*1% ('B0+&.M 1+/>'C* '*.- 4+:+ ,.3
4,+1.3 4.0 ,.3 .10.3D +((%&%0 +, ,-K. &% ,+ .%32+ *. (-%31+ /-(5. /63 L-% -*+ *'8'1+
+1-0+,/%*1% %31+ 4.%32+ 1'%*% 3- *.=%,+ L-% %* 3- :C*%0. 3%06 1+/>'C* -*
,%*:-+K% *21'&. E 406(1'(. &%(.0+1'=. E -3-+, (-E+ B-*(')* 3%06 .31%*1+&+ 4.0 -*
40%('. 0+7.*+>,% -*+ *.=%,+ N3+*+N L-% ,,%=+06 %* 32 ,.3 3':*.3 %34%(1+(-,+0%3 &% ,.
*.=%,%3(. -*+ *.=%,+ + ,+ =%7 3),'&+ E &% 40%('. +((%3'>,%D %, 0%/'. .*(.-01 4.0
%K%/4,. L-% %* 9AA B-% 40%3%*1+&. (./. %, 10'-*B. &% ,+ 3+*+ 10+&'(')* Q 1%*&5+,
+,7+( ^.,+ ='*(-,+&.3 + .7+01 E + '/>+-&R (.*10+ ,+3 &%(+&%*('+3 &% ,+
=+*:-+0&'+ . '/4.01+*1% (./. %* ,+ 46:'*+ 5.:+0%8+ &% *-%310+3 0%='31+3
B%/%*'*+3 %3 %, (.*1+(1. (.* .>K%1.3 ,'1%0+0'.3 (-E+ B.0/+ -3. E 40%('. 3.* >'%*
(.*.('&.3 +*1%3 &% (./40+0,.3M L-% *+&+ &% %,,. &%3.0'%*1%D *. 5+E *'*:O* 4%,':0.
&% L-% 3% (.*3'&%0% %<10+8+ ,+ 4.%32+ &% '*.- 0.-%1 3' &%3&% -* (./'%*7. 3% ,+
0%(.*.(% (./. 4.%32+ '* %/>+0:. ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ 3),. (./'%*7+ +*1% ,. '**./>0+>,%
B0%*1% + ,+ 4%0(%4(')* &% -* /63 +,,6 +K%*. +, 40.4'. ,%*:-+K% L-% ,. >-3(+ 3 %3+
&-&+ (0%+&.0+ %3+ /-%01% B%(-*&+ L-% *-%310+ 3.('%&+& (.*&%*+ %* 3- >-%*+

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

,'1%0+1-0+ E %<.0('7+ %* ,+ /+,+ 0%1%*&%0 + :0'1.3 L-% ,+ *.=%,+ 3%+ *.=%,+ ,+ 4.%32+
4.%32+ E %, 1%+10. 1%+10. %3 -*+ 1+-1.,.:2+ %31C0', 3%/%K+*1% + ,+ &% ,+3 ,%E%3
&%*./'*+1'=+3 L-% 0':%* %* %, )&':. '=', ,+ 40.4'%&+& &% ,.3 >'%*%3D 1.&.
(.*10'>-E% + ,+ 4'%&0+ B',.3.B+, &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ L-% (.*3'31% %* 0%&-('0 %* O,1'/+
'*31+*('+ %, 3%0 + -* 1%*%0 %, .>K%1. + -*+ (.3+
%34-C3 &% 1.&. %31. L-%&+ %, (+3. &% ,+ *'8'1+ /'3/+ L-% ,+ 3.('%&+& *. 3%
,+/%*1% 5'4)(0'1+/%*1%D %,,+ ,+ 3.('%&+& %3 ,+ L-% &%=.0+ + '*.- 0.-%1M ,+ *'8+
0%3-,1+ =2(1'/+ &% %,,+ E 3),. &% %,,+ !2(1'/+ 40.4'('+1.0'+ 3+(0'B'(+&+ 4+0+ L-% %,
/-*&. 3%+ (,+0. 4+0+ L-% ,+ 4.%32+ %, :%*'. E ,+ '*B+*('+ %* -*+ 4+,+>0+ %,
3%+* &./%31'(+&.3 3'* &%/+3'+&. :+31. E 4+0+ L-% ,+ +-1C*1'(+ 0%>%,')* (-+*&.
+4+0%7(+ %*(-%*10% %, 3'1'. L-% ,% (.00%34.*&% %* ,.3 &'+0'.3 E+ .(-4+&. '*.-
0.-%1 %3 ,+ *'8+@/601'0 &%, +&-,1. %*B%0/. &% ,-K. 4.C1'(. ,+ 3%(-%310+&+ . ,+
0+41+&+ &% -* .0&%* (.*B.0/'31+ L-% 0%&-(% ,+ ,'>%01+& +, 40.&':'. 3 ,+ (5'L-',,+
L-% ,+ /%*&':+ 4.*% &%,+*1% &% %,,+ (-+*&. +1063 %, K%0:)* %316 ,,%*. &% /.*%&+3
*+ 12/'&+ ,6:0'/+ 4.0 '*.- 0.-%1 -* &C>', %310%/%('/'%*1. 4.0 ,+ 4.%32+ E
5%*.3 +L-2 &%3%/>+0+7+&.3 &% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+

/ "

,:-*.3 (+*&'&+1.3 + &'4-1+&. +&.0*+* (.* 3- 0%10+1. 3-3 B.,,%1.3 %,%(1.0+,%3

,. L-% 40%3-4.*% L-% ,+ B.1.:0+B2+ 1'%*% -* 4.&%0 &% (.*=%03')* L-% %3 *%(%3+0'.
+*+,'7+0 *1% 1.&. ,+ %B':'% &%, (+*&'&+1. %31+>,%(% -* *%<. 4%03.*+, %*10% C, E ,.3
%,%(1.0%3M %, (+*&'&+1. *. 3),. &+ + K-7:+0 -* 40.:0+/+ 3'*. L-% 40.4.*% -* (,'/+
B23'(. -* (.*K-*1. &% .4('.*%3 (.1'&'+*+3 %<40%3+&+3 %* -*+ /.0B.,.:2+ -* /.&.
&% =%31'03% -*+ 4.3% % %31+ /+*%0+ ,+ B.1.:0+B2+ 1'%*&% + 0%31+>,%(%0 %, B.*&.
4+1%0*+,'31+ &% ,+3 %,%(('.*%3 3- *+1-0+,%7+ N0%40%3%*1+1'=+N &%3.0&%*+&+ 4.0 ,+
0%40%3%*1+(')* 40.4.0('.*+, E %, 0%'*. &% ,.3 4+01'&.3 Q,+ &%0%(5+ 4+0%(% -3+0,+ /63
L-% ,+ '7L-'%0&+R * ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% ,+ B.1.:0+B2+ %3 %,'43'3 &%, ,%*:-+K% E
(.*&%*3+(')* &% -* N'*%B+>,%N 3.('+, (.*31'1-E% -* +0/+ +*1''*1%,%(1-+, 1'%*&% +
%3(+/.1%+0 ,+ N4.,21'(+N Q%3 &%('0 -* (-%04. &% 40.>,%/+3 E 3.,-('.*%3R %* 40.=%(5.
&% -*+ N/+*%0+ &% 3%0N &% -*+ 3'1-+(')* 3.('./.0+, % 3+>% L-% %31+ .4.3'(')* %3
-*. &% ,.3 /'1.3 /+E.0%3 &%, 4.-K+&'3/. Q .-K+&% %* ,+ 1%,%='3')*D N 20%*/%D 3.E
(./. -31%&%3NR
+ B.1.:0+B2+ %,%(1.0+, %3 4-%3 +*1% 1.&. 0%(.*.('/'%*1. &% -*+ 40.B-*&'&+&
&% +,:. '00+('.*+, %<1%*3'=. + ,+ 4.,21'(+ . L-% +10+='%3+ ,+ B.1.:0+B2+ &%, (+*&'&+1.
*. 3.* 3-3 40.E%(1.3 3'*. 3-3 /)=',%3 ,+3 ('0(-*31+*('+3 B+/','+0%3 /%*1+,%3 5+31+
%0)1'(+3 1.&. %3% /.&. &% 3%0 &%, L-% + ,+ =%7 %3 40.&-(1. %K%/4,. E %312/-,. 3
(,+0+/%*1% 4%0(%41'>,% L-% ,. L-% ,+ /+E.02+ &% *-%310.3 (+*&'&+1.3 &+ + ,%%0 %* 3-
%B':'% %3 3- 4.3'(')* 3.('+, ,+ (./.&'&+& %34%(1+(-,+0 &% *.0/+3 B+/','+0%3
K-02&'(+3 0%,':'.3+3 ,+ 40.4'%&+& '*B-3+ &% %3% 1'4. &% >'%*%3 >-0:-%3%3 (./. 4.0
%K%/4,. ,+ /%3+ &%, &./'*:. ,+ <%*.B.>'+ %, >'31%( (.* 4+4+3 B0'1+3 ,+ (./'('&+&
&%, (.0*-&. %* 0%3-/%* ,. L-% 3% ,,+/+ -*+ '&%.,.:2+ , -3. &% ,+ B.1.:0+B2+
%,%(1.0+, 3-4.*% *+1-0+,/%*1% -*+ (./4,'('&+&D ,+ B.1. %3 %34%K. .B0%(% %* ,%(1-0+
,. B+/','+0 ,. (.*.('&. 40.4.*% +, ,%(1.0 3- 40.4'+ %B':'% (,+0'B'(+&+ /+:*'B'(+&+
.0:-,,.3+/%*1% 10+3,+&+&+ +, %31+&. &% 1'4. 31+ +/4,'+(')* 4.0 .10+ 4+01% &%B'*%
%<+(1+/%*1% ,+ B.1.:%*'+D %, %,%(1.0 3% %*(-%*10+ %<40%3+&. E 10+*3B.0/+&. %* 5C0.%
%3 '*='1+&. + %,%:'03% + 32 /'3/. + (+0:+0 +, /+*&+1. L-% =+ + &+0 (.* -*+
=%0&+&%0+ 10+*3B%0%*('+ B23'(+D &%,%:+ 3- N(+31+N .3 1'4.3 &% &%,%:+(')* *. 3.*

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&%/+3'+&. =+0'+&.3 * 40'/%0 ,-:+0 3% %*(-%*10+ %, &% ,+ 4.3'(')* 3.('+, ,+

0%34%1+>','&+& 3+*:-2*%+ E (.04-,%*1+ Q,'31+3 N*+('.*+,%3NR . 3.3+ E &'31'*:-'&+
Q,'31+3 R 10. 1'4. %3 %, &%, '*1%,%(1-+, Q+(,+0. L-% 4+0+ %, (+3. 3% 10+1+ &% 1'4.3
N3':*'B'(+&.3N E *. &% 1'4.3 *+1-0+,%3RM '*1%,%(1-+,'&+& 5'4)(0'1+ &% ,+ 3
. N4%*%10+*1%N &%, (+*&'&+1. (./-*'31+ * +/>.3 (+3.3 ,+ '(.*.:0+B2+
40%1%*&% 3':*'B'(+0 ,+ %<10+8+ (.*K-*(')* &% 4%*3+/'%*1. E =.,-*1+& &% 0%B,%<')* E
&% +((')*D %, 4604+&. +,:. 4,%:+&. &%K+ B',10+0 -*+ /'0+&+ +:-&+ L-% 4+0%(% %<10+%0
B-%07+ &% -* >%,,. 3-%8. '*1%0'.0 3'* L-% 4.0 %3. &%K% &% B'K+03% %* ,.3 .>316(-,.3
0%+,%3 (./. 3' %, (+*&'&+1. %K%/4,+0 &%>'%3% -*'0 %* ,+ '/+:%* /+:*2B'(+/%*1% %,
'&%+,'3/. 3.('+, (.* %, %/4'0'3/. >-0:-C3 , O,1'/. 1'4. %3 %, &%, N>-%* /-(5+(5.N
3%8+,+&. +, 4O>,'(. 4.0 3- 3+,-& E ='0','&+& ,:-*.3 (+*&'&+1.3 +&%/63
'*1%040%1+* &% /+*%0+ *.1+>,% &.3 1'4.3 + ,+ =%7D &% -* ,+&. &% ,+ /.*%&+ +4+0%(%
(./. :+,6* K.=%* 5C0.% Q%* -*'B.0/%RM &%, .10. 5./>0% /+&-0. ('-&+&+*. ='0',
L-% '/4-,3+ +&%,+*1% + 3- 4%L-%8+ B+/','+ .* B0%(-%*('+ %, 1'4. /.0B.,):'(. 3%
(./4,%/%*1+ (.* +10'>-1.3 +>3.,-1+/%*1% (,+0.3D (+*&'&+1. 0.&%+&. &% 3-3
(5'L-',,.3 Q+('(+,+&.3 E +00%:,+&'1.3 (./. 1.&.3 ,.3 *'8.3 B.1.:0+B'+&.3 %* 0+*('+R
K.=%* 4+0+(+'&'31+ (.* ,+3 /+*:+3 0%/+*:+&+3 .B'('+, 0%=%31'&. &% (.*&%(.0+('.*%3
+ B.1.:0+B2+ %* %31% (+3. (.*31'1-E% -* =%0&+&%0. (5+*1+K% + ,.3 =+,.0%3 /.0+,%3D
4+10'+ %KC0('1. B+/','+ 5.*.0 4%,%+ + (.*=%*(')* B.1.:06B'(+ %* 32 /'3/+ %316 4.0
.10+ 4+01% ,,%*+ &% 3':*.3 + %<4.3'(')* &% B0%*1% +(%*1O+ %, 0%+,'3/. &%, (+*&'&+1.
3.>0% 1.&. 3' %316 40.='31. &% +*1%.K.3 %3(0-1+&.0%3 * %31+ +(1'1-& 1.&. %<40%3+
4%*%10+(')* :0+=%&+& B0+*L-%7+D %, B-1-0. &'4-1+&. &'0':% ,+ /'0+&+ +, %*%/':. +,
.>316(-,. +, N40.>,%/+N + %<4.3'(')* &% 10%3 (-+01.3 /63 B0%(-%*1% 3-:'%0% ,+
1'0+*2+ &% -* '&%+,D ,+ /'0+&+ 3% 4'%0&% *.>,%/%*1% %* %, 4.0=%*'0M *. %*B0%*1+
&./'*+ E 3'%/>0+ -* N/63 +,,6N 4O&'(+/%*1% '*&%B'*'&. +3' 1.&.3 ,.3 10%3 (-+01.3
3.* +3(%*@3'.*+,%3 %, 0.310. +4+0%(% %,%=+&. 5+('+ -*+ ,-7 3.>0%*+1-0+, L-% ,.
+34'0+ ,. 10+*34.01+ + ,+3 0%:'.*%3 &% -*+ 5-/+*'&+& 3-4%0'.0 %, (+*&'&+1. +,(+*7+
%, .,'/4. &% ,.3 3%*1'/'%*1.3 %,%=+&.3 &.*&% (-+,L-'%0 (.*10+&'((')* 4.,21'(+ %316
0%3-%,1+D 4+7 E :-%00+ +0:%,'*+3 40.:0%3. 3.('+, E >%*%B'('.3 4+10.*+,%3 %*3%8+*7+
N,'>0%N E 3->=%*('.*%3 + ,+ 0%/.,+(5+ ,+ &%0%(5+ E ,+ '7L-'%0&+ QX .4.3'(')* 3'%/40%
N3-4%0+&+NYR 1.&. %31. (.%<'31% +4+('>,%/%*1% %* %3+ /'0+&+ 4%*3+1'=+ *.>,%/%*1%
B'K+&+ 3.>0% ,.3 .(-,1.3 '*1%0%3%3 &%, .0&%*

" " " % ##

, B',/ * ',-310+ /-E >'%* %, +(1-+, /'1. &%, %<.1'3/. % 10+1+

&% -* :0+* &.(-/%*1+, 3.>0% %, N.0'%*1%N (-E. 40%1%<1. %3 -*+ =+:+ %<4%&'(')*
%1*.:06B'(+ ='3'>,%/%*1% B+,3+ 4.0 .10+ 4+01% 0%+,'7+&+ %* *3-,'*&'+ 4.0 10%3 )
(-+10. >+0>-&.3 '1+,'+*.3 , B',/ %3 %-B)0'(. +,,2 1.&. %3 B6(', '*.(%*1% .3
%<4,.0+&.0%3 3.* >-%*+3 :%*1%3 L-% &-0+*1% %, &%3(+*3. 3% .(-4+* &% &'=%03'.*%3
'*B+*1',%3D K-:+0 (.* -* .3'1.@/+3(.1+ Q,+ /+3(.1+ %3 '*&'34%*3+>,% %* (-+,L-'%0
%<4%&'(')*M *. 5+E B',/ 3.>0% %, 4.,. 3'* B.(+ &./%31'(+&+ *' 0%4.01+K% 10.4'(+, 3'*
/.*.R . =.,(+0 ()/'(+/%*1% -* 4,+1. &% %34+:-%1'3 3.>0% ,+ (->'%01+ &%, >+0(. 31.
3':*'B'(+ L-% %3.3 >-%*.3 %1*),.:.3 *. 3% 40%.(-4+* 4+0+ *+&+ 4.0 40.>,%/+3
5'31)0'(.3 . 3.('.,):'(.3 +0+ %,,.3 ,+ 4%*%10+(')* &%, .0'%*1% 3% 0%&-(% + -*+ (.01+
=-%,1+ %* >+0(. %* -* /+0 +7-, >+K. -* 3., %3%*('+, %3% .0'%*1% L-% 40%('3+/%*1%

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

5.E 3% 5+ (.*=%01'&. %* %, (%*10. 4.,21'(. &%, /-*&. +4+0%(% 3'* (.*10+31%3 4-,'&. E
(.,.0%+&. (./. -*+ 1+0K%1+ 4.31+, 4+3+&+ &% /.&+
, 40.(%&'/'%*1. &% '00%34.*3+>','&+& %3 (,+0.D (.,.0%+0 %, /-*&. 3'%/40% %3
-*+ /+*%0+ &% *%:+0,. Q%3 4.3'>,% L-% 5+E+ L-% (./%*7+0 -* (-%31'.*+/'%*1. +,
(.,.0 %* %, ('*%R 0'=+&. &% 1.&+ 3-31+*('+ +00.K+&. +, (.,.0 &%3%*(+0*+&. 4.0 %,
,-K. &% ,+3 N'/6:%*%3N %, .0'%*1% L-%&+ 40%4+0+&. 4+0+ ,+ .4%0+(')* &% %3(+/.1%.
L-% %, B',/ ,% 0%3%0=+ *10% %, .3.@/+3(.1+ E ,.3 :0+('.3.3 %34+:-%1'3 *-%310.3
%31-&'.3.3 %1*),.:.3 *. *%(%3'1+06* *'*:O* %3B-%07. 4+0+ 4.31-,+0 -* .0'%*1% &%
B.0/+3 %<)1'(+3 %* 0%+,'&+& 40.B-*&+/%*1% 3'/',+0 +, .(('&%*1% 4.0 ,. /%*.3 +,
.(('&%*1% %34'0'1-+,'31+ S .3 .0'%*1+,%3 1'%*%* 0%,':'.*%3 4+01'(-,+0%3T . '*1%0%3+
&%/+3'+&. 4-%3 3-3 =+0'+('.*%3 3.* 4.(. 0%,%=+*1%3 +*1% ,+ 40.B-*&+ -*'&+& &%,
'&%+,'3/. % %31% /.&. (+&+ 0'1. %316 + ,+ =%7 %34%('+,'7+&. E %1%0*'7+&.D
40./.='&. +, /'3/. 1'%/4. +, 0+*:. %34%(16(-,. %<('1+*1% E &% 32/>.,.
4+0+(0'31'+*. 3' %, >-&'3/. *. %3 %310'(1+/%*1% (0'31'+*. 4.(. '/4.01+ 4-%3
1+/>'C* 1'%*% /.*K+3 L-% 3% 0+3-0+* ,.3 (+>%,,.3 Q:0+* 1%/+ 4+1C1'(. %* ,+3 1./+3 &%
=%,.R 4-%3 1'%*% /.*K%3 L-% 3% +00.&',,+* E 3% (.*B'%3+* + 3- 3-4%0'.0 4-%3 (./. %*
%=',,+ ,.3 B'%,%3 =+* + (->0'0 &% .0. ,+ %31+1-+ &%, &'.3 3 ('%01. L-% 3'%/40% 3.* ,+3
NB.0/+3N ,+3 L-% /%K.0 0%=%,+* ,+ '&%*1'&+& &% ,+3 0%,':'.*%3M 4%0. ,%K.3 &%
&%3%*/+3(+0+0,+3 %3+ '&%*1'&+& ,+3 %*10.*'7+ ,+3 '*(,-E% + 1.&+3 &%*10. &%,
40%31':'. &% -*+ (+1.,'('&+& 3-4%0'.0
% 3+>% 4%0B%(1+/%*1% L-% %, 3'*(0%1'3/. 5+ 3'&. 3'%/40% -*+ &% ,+3 :0+*&%3
1C(*'(+3 &% +3'/',+(')* &% ,+ ':,%3'+ * %, 3':,. ! %* %3% /'3/. .0'%*1% (-E+3
40%&'34.3'('.*%3 (0'31'+*+3 *.3 /-%310+ * ,.3 K%3-21+3 +=+*7+0.*
&%/+3'+&. %* %, %(-/%*'3/. &% ,+3 B.0/+3D 3% %K%0('%0.* 0'1.3 /+,+>+0%3 L-% 4.0
.10+ 4+01% %, 4+4+ 1%0/'*) 4.0 (.*&%*+0 3% /'3/. N1.&. %3 3%/%K+*1%N %3
'*3'*-+&. 4.0 *-%310.3 %1*):0+B.3D .0'%*1% E .(('&%*1% 1.&. %3 ':-+, 3),. %<'31%*
&'B%0%*('+3 &% (.,.0%3 ,. %3%*('+, %3 '&C*1'(. 3 ,+ %1%0*+ 4.31-,+(')* &%, 5./>0%
5+('+ '.3 %, (+06(1%0 '00'3.0'. E (.*1'*:%*1% &% ,+3 :%.:0+B2+3 %* 0%,+(')* (.* ,+
*+1-0+,%7+ 5-/+*+ (-E+ (,+=% &%1%*1+ O*'(+/%*1% %, (0'31'+*'3/. -* ,+3 ,%E%*&+3
%3% B.,[,.0% N40'/'1'=.N L-% 4+0%(% &%31'*+&. + &%31+(+0 3- 0+0%7+ 3),. 1'%*%* 4.0
/'3')* ',-310+0 ,+ N*+1-0+,%7+N .3 0'1.3 ,.3 5%(5.3 (-,1-0+,%3 *-*(+ 3% ='*(-,+* (.*
-* .0&%* 5'31)0'(. 4+01'(-,+0 (.* -*+ 3'1-+(')* %(.*)/'(+ . 3.('+, %<4,2('1+ 3'*.
3.,+/%*1% (.* ,+3 :0+*&%3 B.0/+3 *%-10+3 &% ,.3 ,-:+0%3 (./-*%3 ()3/'(.3
Q%31+('.*%3 1.0/%*1+3 /-%01% %1( R ' 3% 10+1+ &% ,.3 4%3(+&.0%3 4.0 3-4-%31. L-%
*. 3% *.3 /-%310+ %, /.&. &% 4%3(+0M ,. L-% +4+0%(% 5-*&'&+ %* ,+ %1%0*'&+& &% -*
4.*'%*1% &% (0./. %3 -*+ %3%*('+ 0./6*1'(+ &% 4%3(+&.0 L-% *+&+ 1'%*% L-% =%0 (.*
-* .>0%0. L-% 1+*1. %* 3- 1C(*'(+ (./. %* 3-3 :+*+*('+3 %3 10'>-1+0'. &% -*+
3.('%&+& &%B'*'&+ 3'*. L-% /63 >'%* 3% .B0%(% (./. 1%/+ &% -*+ %1%0*+ (.*&'(')*D %,
5./>0% %* ,+ ,%K+*2+ %<4-%31. + ,.3 4%,':0.3 &%, /+0 ,+ /-K%0 L-% ,,.0+ E 0%7+ %* %,
5.:+0 . /'3/. .(-00% (.* ,.3 0%B-:'+&.3 &% L-'%*%3 3% *.3 /-%310+ +, 40'*('4'.
-*+ ,+0:+ B',+ L-% >+K+ ,+ /.*1+8+M %='&%*1%/%*1% %3 '*O1', 3'1-+0,.3D 3.* %3%*('+3
%1%0*+3 &% 0%B-:'+&.3 E 40.&-('0,.3 %3 4+01% &% ,+ 4 &%, .0'%*1%
* 3-/+ %, %<.1'3/. 0%=%,+ 3- K-31'B'(+(')* 40.B-*&+ L-% (.*3'31% %* *%:+0
(-+,L-'%0 '*1%*1. &% 3'1-+0 ,+ 5'31.0'+ , /.310+0 ,+ 0%+,'&+& .0'%*1+, (.* +,:-*.W

%*%/.3 -* >-%* %K%/4,. &%, 4.&%0 /'31'B'(+&.0 &% ,+ /O3'(+D 1.&+3 ,+3 %3(%*+3 N>-&'31+3N %316*
3.31%*'&+3 4.0 -* =+:. K+0+>% /-3'(+, L-% + X+ =%7 1'%*% +,:. &% 0./+*7+ +/%0'(+*+ E &%, (+*1.
:0%:.0'+*.M %W /.*)&'(. Q3':*. &% /.*+(+,'&+&R

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3':*.3 '*&2:%*+3 3% ,+ =+(-*+ %B'(+7/%*1% (.*10+ 1.&. (.*1%*'&. 0%34.*3+>,% *

4.(. &% N3'1-+(')*N ,+ /+, 3-4%0B'('+, 4.3'>,% B+(','1+ ,+ (.+01+&+ *%(%3+0'+ E
&'34%*3+ &% -*+ 3'1-+(')* /63 40.B-*&+ 0%*1% + ,. %<10+*K%0. %, .0&%* 3),. (.*.(%
&.3 (.*&-(1+3 +/>+3 /-1',+*1%3D . (.*3'&%0+0,. (./. B'((')* . &%3/.*1+0,. (./.
4-0. 0%B,%K. &% .(('&%*1% % (-+,L-'%0 /.&. ,. %3%*('+, %3 3-40'/'0 3- 5'31.0'+
!%/.3 4-%3 L-% ,+3 N>%,,+3 '/6:%*%3N &% * *. 4-%&%* 3%0 '*.(%*1%3M
*. 4-%&% 3%0 '*.(%*1% +, (.*1'*%*1% L-% 3% 5+ 0%%*(.*10+&. %* +*&-*:

%:O* 4+0%(% %* 0+*('+ %, 40%3-4-%31. +*-+, &% ,+ N>0-K%02+N %3 &% +,0%&%&.0

&% 10%3('%*1.3 /', /',,.*%3 &% B0+*(.3 !+,% ,+ 4%*+ 4.0 %K%/4,. %(5+0 -* ='31+7.
3.>0% ,+ 3%/+*+ +310.,):'(+ &% -* 3%/+*+0'. (./. 6 .*10+0'+/%*1% + ,. L-% 3%
4.&02+ %34%0+0 +,,2 *. 3% %*(-%*10+ *'*:O* /-*&. .*20'(. 3'*. /63 >'%* -*+
&%3(0'4(')* %310%(5+/%*1% 0%+,'31+ &% -* /%&'. 3.('+, 40%('3.D %, &% ,+3 ,%(1.0+3 &% ,+
0%='31+ '(5. &% .10. /.&. ,+ +310.,.:2+ P+, /%*.3 %* %31% (+3.P *. %3 %*
+>3.,-1. +4%01-0+ +, %*3-%8. 3'*. 4-0. %34%K. 4-0+ '*31'1-(')* &% ,+ 0%+,'&+&
.3 0->0.3 40'*('4+,%3 &%, &%31'*. 0 1 4 2
0%40.&-(%* %3(0-4-,.3+/%*1% %, 0'1/. 1.1+, &% ,+ ='&+ ,+>.0'.3+ + -*'&+& &% %3+
='&+ %3 ,+ 3%/+*+ &-0+*1% ,+ (-+, ,+ N3-%01%N %,':% -* &2+ . &.3
L-2 ,+ N3-%01%N %3 ,+ 4+01% 0%3%0=+&+ &% ,+ '*1%0'.0'&+& &%, 5-/.0M %3 %, 3':*.
='='&. &% ,+ &-0+(')* ,+ O*'(+ (+1%:.02+ + 10+=C3 &% ,+ L-% 3% %<40%3+ E 3% ,'>%0+ %,
1'%/4. 3->K%1'=. * ,. &%/63 ,.3 +310.3 *. (.*.(%* .10+ (.3+ L-% -* %/4,%. &%,
1'%/4.D %, 1 %3 %, 5.0+0'. 40.B%3'.*+, ,.3 3%'3 &2+3 &% ,+ 3%/+*+ ,+3 3'%1%
5.0+3 &'+0'+3 &% .B'('*+ . &% 1'%*&+ 6 %3 ,+ (./'&+ &% ,+ *.(5% %, >0%=%
1'%/4. &% =%,+&+ +*1%3 &% +(.31+03% 6 4 %3 ,+ ('1+ + ,+ 3+,'&+ &%, 10+>+K. . ,+
+=%*1-0+ &%, &./'*:. %0. %*10% %31.3 N&./'*'.3N *'*:-*+ (./-*'(+(')*D *+&+
L-% &% -* 5.0+0'. +, .10. 4-%&+ 3-:%0'0 ,+ '&%+ &% -*+ +,'*%+(')* 1.1+,M ,+3 40'3'.*%3
3.* (.*1':-+3 3% 1-0*+* 4%0. *. 3% (.*1+/'*+* .3 +310.3 K+/63 4.31-,+*
3->=%03')* &%, .0&%* 3'*. L-% '*B,-E%* %* ,+ 3%/+*+ 0%34%1-.3.3 &% ,+ 3'1-+(')*
3.('+, E &% ,.3 5.0+0'.3 4+10.*+,%3
+0+ ,+ +310.,.:2+ %, N10+>+K.N %3 %, &% %/4,%+&+3 &% &+(1',):0+B+3 . &%
=%*&%&.0+3D %, /'(0.:0-4. L-% 0.&%+ + ,+ ,%(1.0+ 0%3-,1+ B+1+,/%*1% %, &% ,+ .B'('*+ .
,+ 1'%*&+ +3 =+0'+('.*%3 '/4-%31+3 . /63 >'%* 40.4-%31+3 4.0 ,.3 +310.3 Q4-%3 %31+
+310.,.:2+ %3 1%.,):'(+/%*1% 40-&%*1% *. %<(,-E% %, ,'>0% +,>%&02.R 3.* &C>',%3
K+/63 1'%*&%* + 10+31.0*+0 -*+ ='&+ , 4%3. &%, &%31'*. 3% %K%0(% O*'(+/%*1% 3.>0% %,
:-31. 4.0 %, 10+>+K. %, *%0='.3'3/. . ,+ 10+*L-','&+& ,+ 4%03%=%0+*('+ . %, +>+*&.*.
,.3 4%L-%8.3 &%34,+7+/'%*1.3 ,+3 40./.('.*%3 '*&%B'*'&+3 ,+ +(0'1-& . (./4,'('&+&
%* ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 (.* ,.3 (.,%:+3 E 3.>0% 1.&. ,+ B+1':+ E+ L-% ,.3 +310.3 40%3(0'>%*
(.* /-(5+ '*3'31%*('+ E (.0&-0+ &.0/'0 /63 3'%/40% /63
, 5.:+0 %316 &./'*+&. 4.0 40.>,%/+3 &% 5-/.0 &% 5.31','&+& . &% (.*B'+*7+
&%, /%&'.M (.* B0%(-%*('+ 3% 10+1+ &% -* 5.:+0 &% /-K%0%3 &.*&% ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 /63
'/4.01+*1%3 3.* ,+3 &% /+&0% % 5'K+ + (+3+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ +4+0%(% 40%3%*1% (.*
1.&+ B'&%,'&+& (.* ='3'1+3 &% ,+ NB+/','+N &'B%0%*('+&+ 4.0 .10+ 4+01% &% ,.3
N4+0'%*1%3 4.,21'(.3N + ,.3 L-% ,.3 +310.3 *. 4+0%(%* 1%*%0 %* /-E +,1+ %31'/+ 31%
+/>'%*1% %3 (+3' %<(,-3'=+/%*1% B+/','+0 E %<'31%* 4.(+3 +,-3'.*%3 + ,.3 +/':.3 ,
/-*&. 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 %316 %3%*('+,/%*1% (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 4+0'%*1%3 E (.,%:+3 *.

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

40.&-(% =%0&+&%0+3 (0'3'3 &% 0%,+(')* 3),. 4%L-%8.3 %*B0%*1+/'%*1.3 &% 5-/.0 E &%
=+*'&+& , +/.0 %3 %, &%, (.00%. 3%*1'/%*1+,M %3 -* N&./'*'.N 1.1+,/%*1% 3%4+0+&.D
,.3 N40.>,%/+3N 3%*1'/%*1+,%3 %0. +, ':-+, L-% -*+ 10+*3+((')* (./%0('+, %, +/.0
(.*.(% N(./'%*7.3 40./%1%&.0%3N N%00.0%3 &% (6,(-,.N E N/+,+ %,%((')*N * %31%
1%00%*. ,+ &%3&'(5+ 1'%*% %3(+3+ +/4,'1-&D %* 1+, 3%/+*+ -* (.01%K. &% +&/'0+&.0%3
/%*.3 *-/%0.3. -*+ '*&'3(0%(')* (%,.3 3'* B-*&+/%*1. , ('%,. 3%*1'/%*1+, 3),. 3%
+>0% %* 1.&+ 3- &'/%*3')* B0%*1% + ,+ N3.,-(')* 1+* +*5%,+&+N %, /+10'/.*'. L-%
-*+ =%7 /63 %3 *%(%3+0'. L-% 3%+ N(.*=%*'%*1%N
, O*'(. 0+3:. L-% '&%+,'7+ %3% 4%L-%8. /-*&. +310+, /-E (.*(0%1. 4.0 .10+
4+01% %3 %, 5%(5. &% L-% K+/63 +4+0%(% %, &'*%0. + 5-/+*'&+& +310.,):'(+ 3%
&%3,'7+ 3.>0% 3- 3+,+0'. /%*3-+,M %, 3+,+0'. %3 ,. L-% %3 K+/63 3% 5+>,+ &% C, 4-%31.
L-% 4%0/'1% ,+ N='&+N !'&+ L-% ,.3 +310.3 3% %*(+0:+* &% &%3(0'>'0 /-(5. /63 L-%
&% 40%&%('0M 0+0+/%*1% 3% +00'%3:+ +,:. 3.>0% %, 4.0=%*'0 E ,+ 40%&'((')* 3'%/40% %316
*%-10+,'7+&+ 4.0 %, >+,+*(%. &% ,.3 4.3'>,%3D 3' 5+E B0+(+3.3 3%06* 4.(. '/4.01+*1%3M
3' 5+E 0.310.3 %*3./>0%('&.3 %, >-%* 5-/.0 &% ,+ ,%(1.0+ ,.3 +,%:0+06M ,+3 0%,+('.*%3
B+31'&'.3+3 0%3-,1+06* O1',%3 %1( 3' 3- %31+&. :%*%0+, &%>% /%K.0+0 3%06 (./.
(.*3%(-%*('+ &% -* 10+1+/'%*1. L-% -31%& 5+>06 3%:-'&. . L-'763 1+/>'C* :0+('+3 +
,+ +-3%*('+ &% 1.&. 10+1+/'%*1. 0 2
.3 +310.3 3.* /.0+,%3 +(%41+* &%K+03% '*B,-'0 4.0 ,+ ='01-&D %, 6*'/. ,+
4+('%*('+ %, >-%* 5-/.0 %, (.*10., &% 32 3.* 0%L-'3'1.3 4%0/+*%*1%3 B0%*1% +
&%3%*:+8.3 12/'&+/%*1% +*-*('+&.3 ,. 4+0+&)K'(. %3 L-% %31% -*'=%03. &%, 4-0.
&%1%0/'*'3/. &% 40.*1. %3 &./%8+&. 4.0 ,+ ,'>%01+& &%, (+06(1%0M ,+ +310.,.:2+ %3
+*1% 1.&. -*+ %3(-%,+ &% =.,-*1+& 4%3+0 &% 1.&. +-*L-% ,+3 3+,'&+3 40.4-%31+3
3%+* 4-0+ /'31'B'(+(')* +-*L-% 3% %3(+/.1%%* ,.3 40.>,%/+3 &% (.*&-(1+ ,+
+310.,.:2+ 3':-% 3'%*&. '*31'1-(')* &% ,. 0%+, +*1% ,+ (.*('%*('+ &% 3-3 ,%(1.0+3 . %3
=2+ &% %=+3')* 3'*. %='&%*('+ 0%+,'31+ &% ,+3 (.*&'('.*%3 &% ='&+ &% ,+ %/4,%+&+ &%
,+ =%*&%&.0+
' *. 4+0%(% '/4,'(+0 *'*:-*+ (./4%*3+(')* .*20'(+ S4+0+ L-C 4-%&% 3%0='0
%31+ 4-0+ &%3(0'4(')*T '0=% 4+0+ %<.0('7+0 ,. 0%+, *./>06*&.,. * %31% 3%*1'&. ,+
+310.,.:2+ 3% ->'(+ %*10% ,.3 '*1%*1.3 &% 3%/'+,'%*+(')* Q. &% 3%/','>%0+(')*R L-%
1'%*%* 4.0 B-*(')* .>K%1'=+0 ,. 0%+, 3'* ,,%:+0 + &%3/'31'B'(+0,. 10+ &% %3+3 1%*1+1'=+3
*./'*+,'31+3 %3 >'%* (.*.('&+D ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ L-% %* 3-3 B.0/+3 &%:0+&+&+3 *. =+ /63
+,,6 &% (.*1+0 ,. ='='&.D +310.,.:2+ E ,'1%0+1-0+ 1'%*%* ,+ /'3/+ 1+0%+ (./. '*31'1-(')*
N0%10+3+&+N (.* 0%34%(1. + ,. 0%+,D ,+ +310.,.:2+ ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ &%, /-*&.
4%L-%8.>-0:-C3

- + 5

+0%(%06 '/4%01'*%*1% L-%0%0 %*3%8+0,% + -* %<(%,%*1% >+021.*. (./. C0+0&

.-7+E 4%0. -* &'3(. %* %, L-% %31% (+*1+*1% 0%:'310) +,:-*+3 /%,.&2+3 &% +-0C /%
4+0%(% ',-310+0 (,+0+/%*1% -*+ /'1.,.:2+ /-3'(+, &.*&% 3% 0%%*(-%*10+* ,.3
40'*('4+,%3 3':*.3 &%, +01% >-0:-C3 31% +01% %3 %3%*('+,/%*1% < *. 3% &+
10%:-+ 5+31+ '/4.*%0 *. ,+ %/.(')* 3'*. ,.3 3':*.3 &% ,+ %/.(')* %3
40%('3+/%*1% ,. L-% 5+(% C0+0& .-7+E ' 4.0 %K%/4,. 1'%*% L-% (+*1+0 -*+
4 *. 3% (.*1%*1+ (.* %, 3'/4,% (.*1%*'&. 3%/6*1'(. &% ,+3 4+,+>0+3 *'
(.* ,+ ,2*%+ /-3'(+, L-% ,+3 3.31'%*%D *%(%3'1+ +&%/63 &0+/+1'7+0 ,+ B.*C1'(+ &% ,.
%34+*1.3. 3-34%*&%0 E ,-%:. 5+(%0 %<4,.1+0 ,+ B0'(+1'=+ &.>,% &%3%*(+&%*+0 ,+

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&%3&'(5+ &%*10. &%, %34%3.0 /'3/. &% ,+3 ,%10+3 +&'% 4-%&% ':*.0+0 L-% 3% 10+1+ &%
(.*:.K+3 4+01'(-,+0/%*1% 1%00'>,%3 %3:0+('+&+/%*1% %3% 4,%.*+3/. &% '*1%*('.*%3
*. 3),. +5.:+ ,+ 4+,+>0+ 3'*. 1+/>'C* ,+ /O3'(+ E 40'*('4+,/%*1% 3- -*')* .>K%1.
/'3/. &%, +01% =.(+, .* ,+ /O3'(+ .(-00% ,. /'3/. L-% (.* ,+3 .10+3 +01%3 '*(,-'&+
,+ ,'1%0+1-0+D ,+ B.0/+ /63 +,1+ &% ,+ %<40%3')* +01231'(+ %316 &%, ,+&. &% ,+ ,'1%0+,'&+&
%3 &%('0 &% ('%01+ 6,:%>0+ 3 *%(%3+0'. L-% ,+ B.0/+ 1'%*&+ + ,+ +>310+((')* ,. L-%
(./. 3% 3+>% &% *'*:O* /.&. %3 (.*10+0'. + ,+ 3%*3-+,'&+&
0%('3+/%*1% ,. L-% %, +01% >-0:-C3 0%(5+7+ %3 %3+ 1%*&%*('+ , +01% >-0:-C3
1./+ + 3-3 (.*3-/'&.0%3 4.0 '*:%*-.3 + L-'%*%3 %3 *%(%3+0'. &+0,%3 %, 10+>+K.
/+31'(+&. E 3.>0%'*&'(+0 ,+ '*1%*(')*M 1%/% L-% *. 3% ,. (+41% 3-B'('%*1%/%*1% Q%,
+01% %3 1+/>'C* -*+ +/>':V%&+& L-% (.*10+&'(% (.*31+*1%/%*1% %* ('%01. 3%*1'&.
3- 40.4'. /%*3+K%M 3.>0% 1.&. ,+ /O3'(+ L-% %* 3' *. %3 *-*(+ *' 10'31% *' +,%:0%R
->0+E+0 ,+ 4+,+>0+ /%&'+*1% %, 0%,'%=% +>-3'=. &% 3- B.*C1'(+ 40%1%*&%0 L-% ,+
:-1-0+, &% ,+ 4+,+>0+ & 3%+ %, 4'(. L-% &%3:+00+ ,+ 1'%00+ E ,+ &%*1+, &% ,+
&-,7-0+ L-% 4%*%10+ %3 40+(1'(+0 -*+ ,'1%0+,'&+& &% '*1%*(')* E *. &% &%3(0'4(')* %3
%31+>,%(%0 (.00%34.*&%*('+3 +>-3'=+3 3 >-%*. 0%(.0&+0 4.0 .10+ 4+01% L-% %,
%3420'1- /%,.&0+/61'(. L-% /-%310+ ,+ '*1%040%1+(')* &% C0+0& .-7+E %3
40%('3+/%*1% -*+ &% ,+3 +&L-'3'('.*%3 5'31)0'(+3 &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ 3+ /'3/+
3.>0%(+0:+ &% '*1%*('.*%3 ,+ 0%%*(.*10+/.3 %* %, +01% &% *-%310.3 +(1.0%3
10+&'('.*+,%3 L-% (./. 3% 3+>% 3.* +(1.0%3 B.0/+&.3 4.0 ,+ >-0:-%32+ E 4+0+ %,,+
31+ %34%('% &% 4-*1',,'3/. B.*C1'(. L-% .1.0:+ + (+&+ ,%10+ -*+ '/4.01+*('+
'*(.*:0-%*1% ,,%:+ + =%(%3 + ,. +>3-0&.D ,+ 0%&-4,'(+(')* &% ,+3 &% &

40.&-(% -*+ 3.,%/*'&+& :0.1%3(+ E 0%3-,1+ -* 1+*1. +3L-%+*1% ,+ B%,'('&+& L-% 3%

40%1%*&% 3':*'B'(+0 + 10+=C3 &%, C*B+3'3 '*'('+, (.* L-% %<4-,3+ &% ,+ >.(+ (./. 3'
B-%0+ %, 5-%3. &% -*+ B0-1+ ,+ 4+,+>0+ &&

.&. %31. 3% ='*(-,+ +&%/63 + -*+ (.*31+*1% /'1.,):'(+ &% ,+ L-% 5%/.3
5+>,+&. + 40.4)3'1. &% ,+ 4.%32+D (.*(%>'0 +, +01% (./. -*+ 3-/+ &% &%1+,,%
4,%*+/%*1% 3':*'B'(+*1% + 4-*1',,.3+ 4%0B%((')* &% C0+0& .-7+E %L-'=+,%
%<+(1+/%*1% +, :-31. &% '*.- 0.-%1 4.0 ,+ /%16B.0+ &%1+,,'31+ . + ,.3 10+K%3 &% ,+3
=.,61',%3 &% 5+*1%(,%0( 5%(5.3 Q%* 9 R (.* 4,-/+3 3-4%04-%31+3 -*+ + -*+ 31%
+01% %316 (./. '*1'/'&+&. 4.0 %, &%1+,,% L-% *+&+ 1'%*% L-% =%0 (.* %, 0%+,'3/.M %,
0%+,'3/. 3-4.*% -*+ 1'4'B'(+(')* %3 &%('0 -*+ 40%3%*('+ &% ,+ %310-(1-0+ E 4.0 ,.
1+*1. &%, 1'%/4.
* 1+, +01% +*+,21'(. %316 (.*&%*+&. +, B0+(+3. 3.>0% 1.&. %* /O3'(+ (-E+
=%0&+& 4-%&% 3%0 3),. &% .0&%* 0%34'0+1.0'. 40.3)&'(. E K+/63 B.*C1'(. .3 B0+3%.3
&% C0+0& .-7+E 3.* &%310-'&.3 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% 4.0 ,+ %<40%3')* %<(%3'=+ &% -*+
4+,+>0+ %*(+0:+&+ 1.04%/%*1% &% '*.(-,+0 -* .0&%* '*1%,%(1-+, 4+063'1. %* ,+
3-4%0B'('% 3'* (.31-0+ &%, (+*1. +0%('%0+ 1.(+03% +L-2 -*+ &'B'(-,1+& /+E.0 &% ,+
%K%(-(')* /-3'(+,D 5+(%0 3-0:'0 %, /+1'7 &% -*+ 7.*+ '*1%0*+ &% ,+ /O3'(+ E *.
'/4.*%0,. &%3&% %, %<1%0'.0 (./. -* 3':*. 4-0+/%*1% '*1%,%(1-+, <'31% -*+ =%0&+&
3%*3-+, &% ,+ /O3'(+ =%0&+& 3-B'('%*1% L-% *. 1.,%0+ ,+ /.,%31'+ &% -*+ 1 3
4.0 %3. L-% ,+ '*1%040%1+(')* &% %<(%,%*1%3 ='01-.3.3 *.3 &%K+ 1+* + /%*-&.
'*3+1'3B%(5.3D 3- &%/+3'+&. %34%(1+(-,+0 B0-1. &% -* %3B-%07. ='3'>,% %* 4.3
&% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* &%310-E% -* .0:+*'3/. L-% (.*1'%*% %* 32 %3(0-4-,.3+/%*1% 3-

W F %* (+31%,,+*. %K+/.3 ,+ 4+,+>0+ %* B0+*(C3 4+0+ L-% 1%*:+ 3%*1'&. ,+ 0%B%0%*('+ B.*C1'(+ G H
W = %* (+31%,,+*. +, (+3. +*1%0'.0 G H

W %* (+31%,,+*. G HW
9A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

40.4'. /%*3+K% ,:-*.3 +B'('.*+&.3 . /%K.0 +O* +,:-*.3 40.B%3'.*+,%3 L-% 5+*
3+>'&. %*(.*10+0 ,. L-% 3% 4.&02+ ,,+/+0 ,+ ,%10+ 1.1+, &%, 1%<1. /-3'(+, (./.
+*7%0+ %* (+*1. . '4+11' %* 4'+*. (.*3':-%* *. +8+&'0 + ,+ /O3'(+ *'*:-*+
: *. 3% .>31'*+* 3%0='('+,/%*1% %* 1.0*. + (+&+ &%1+,,% +, (.*10+0'. &% ,. L-%
5+(% %, +01% >-0:-C3 L-% 3'%/40% 0%3-,1+ '*&'3(0%1. ,,.3 (.*B2+* %* ,+ /+1%0'+
'*/%&'+1+/%*1% &%B'*'1'=+ &% ,+ /O3'(+

% 2

4%3+0 &% 3-3 *./>0%3 &% 4+31.0 :0'%:. Q .,'%31'0%*. %*.4,+31. .,'='*',.
.,'%1',%*.R %, 4,631'(. (-E.3 40.&-(1.3 3% +(+>+* &% (.*(%*10+0 %* -*+ %<4.3'(')*
%3 %3%*('+,/%*1% -*+ 3-31+*('+ +,L-2/'(+ * ,+ %*10+&+ &% ,+3 '*31+,+('.*%3 %,
4O>,'(. 5+(% (.,+ &-0+*1% ,+0:. 0+1. 4+0+ =%0 ()/. 3% 0%+,'7+ ,+ .4%0+(')* /6:'(+ 4.0
%<(%,%*('+D ,+ (.*=%03')* &% ,+ /+1%0'+ *+ /6L-'*+ '&%+, 1->-,+0 E .>,.*:+ QB.0/+
+40.4'+&+ 4+0+ /+*'B%31+0 %, 3%(0%1. &% -* '1'*%0+0'.R %<10+% 3'* *'*:O* %3B-%07.
(+K'1+3 >0',,+*1%3 = +(+*+,+&+3 &% -* /.*1)* &% (0'31+,%3 =%0&.3.3 % -* ,+&. ,+
/+1%0'+ >0-1+ 1%,O0'(+ &%, .10. %, .>K%1. 4%0B%(1. 5-/+*. *10% ,.3 &.3 %<10%/.3
*+&+M 3),. -* 10+E%(1. +4%*+3 (.*10.,+&. 4.0 -* %/4,%+&. (.* (+3(. 3%/'&')3
3%/'00.>.1
% %31% /.&. /63 L-% -*+ 3-31+*('+ %, 4,631'(. %3 ,+ '&%+ /'3/+ &% 3-
10+*3B.0/+(')* '*B'*'1+M %3 (./. 3- *./>0% =-,:+0 ,. '*&'(+ ,+ ->'(-'&+& 5%(5+
='3'>,% * %31. 0+&'(+ K-31+/%*1% 3- (+,'&+& &% /+1%0'+ /',+:0.3+D %, /',+:0.
3'%/40% +4+0%(% (./. -*+ (.*=%03')* >0-3(+ &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ , 4,631'(. L-%&+
'/40%:*+&. &% %31% +3./>0.M %3 /63 ,+ 5-%,,+ L-% %, .>K%1. &% -* /.='/'%*1.
(./. %, /.='/'%*1. %* %31% (+3. %3 4.(. /%*.3 L-% '*B'*'1. +, 10+*3B.0/+0
,.3 (0'31+,%3 .0':'*+,%3 %* -*+ /-,1'1-& &% .>K%1.3 (+&+ =%7 /63 3.040%*&%*1%3 %,
4,631'(. 0%3-,1+ -* %34%(16(-,. + &%3('B0+0D %, %34%(16(-,. &% 3-3 0%3-,1+&.3 *1%
(+&+ B.0/+ 1%0/'*+, Q=+,'K+ (%4',,. (+00.(%02+ &% +-1. K-:-%1% 1%,+ 1->. 4+,+*:+*+
. 4+4%,R %, %3420'1- *. &%K+ &% '/+:'*+0 ,+ /+1%0'+ 40'/'1'=+ (./. -* K%0.:,2B'(. ,
B0%:.,'3/. &%, 4,631'(. %3 1.1+,D 4-%&% B.0/+0 (->.3 1+*1. (./. +,5+K+3 31+ %3 ,+
0+7)* &%, 4%04%1-. +3./>0. ,+3 ',-3'.*%3 &%, 5./>0% +*1% ,+3 40.,'B%0+('.*%3 &% ,+
/+1%0'+ +*1% ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 L-% &%3(->0% %*10% ,. 3'*:-,+0 &%, .0':%* E ,. 4,-0+, &%
,.3 %B%(1.3 .0 .10+ 4+01% %31% +3./>0. %3 B%,'7 4-%3 %* ,+ +/4,'1-& &% ,+3
10+*3B.0/+('.*%3 %, 5./>0% /'&% 3- 4.1%*('+ E %, '1'*%0+0'. /'3/. &%, 4,631'(. ,%
>0'*&+ ,+ %-B.0'+ &% -* &%3,'7+/'%*1. 40.&':'.3. + ,. ,+0:. &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+
%0. ,+ (.*10+4+01% &% %31% ,.:0. 0%3'&% %* L-% %, 4,631'(. 3->,'/+&. (./.
/.='/'%*1. (+3' *. %<'31% (./. 3-31+*('+ - (.*31'1-(')* %3 *%:+1'=+M *' &-0. *'
40.B-*&. &%>% (.*1%*1+03% + 4%3+0 &% 3-3 =%*1+K+3 -1','1+0'+3 (.* -*+ (-+,'&+&
3-31+*('+, *%-10+D %31+&. L-% 3-4.*% %, 3'/4,% 3-34%*3. &% -*+
0%*-*('+ * %, .0&%* 4.C1'(. &% ,+3 :0+*&%3 3-31+*('+3
%3 -* /+1%0'+, &%3+B.01-*+&. 4%0&'&. %*10% ,+ %B-3')* &% ,.3 (+-(5.3 E ,+
&-0%7+ 4,+*+ &%, /%1+,M *. 3% 0%+,'7+ %* *'*:O* 40.&-(1. +-1C*1'(. &%, .0&%*
/'*%0+, *' %34-/+ *' B'>0+3 *' %310+1.3 3 -*+ 3-31+*('+ %,-3'=+D %* (-+,L-'%0
%31+&. L-% 3% %*(-%*10% %, 4,631'(+ /+*1'%*% ('%01+ +4+0'%*('+ &% (.4. +,:. 1-0>'.
(0%/.3. (.+:-,+&.M /-%310+ -*+ 1.1+, '/4.1%*('+ 4+0+ +,(+*7+0 %, 4-,'&. 10'-*B+*1%
&% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %0. ,. L-% /63 10+'('.*+ +, 4,631'(. %3 %, 3.*'&. L-% %/'1% 5-%(. E
.4+(. + ,+ =%7M 3- 0-'&. ,. &%00.1+ 1+*1. (./. 3-3 (.,.0%3 4-%3 3),. 4+0%(% B'K+0 ,.3

9?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

/63 L-2/'(.3D &%, +/+0',,. &%, 0.K. E &%, =%0&% *. 0%1'%*% /63 L-% %, %31+&.
+:0%3'=. 3+ ,.3 (.,.0%3 (./. 3' B-%0+* +4%*+3 *./>0%3 (+4+(%3 O*'(+/%*1% &%
/.310+0 (.*(%41.3 &% (.,.0%3
+ /.&+ &%, 4,631'(. 3%8+,+ -*+ %=.,-(')* %* %, /'1. &% ,+ ./. 3%
3+>% ,+ (.*31'1-E% -* -3. 5'31)0'(+/%*1% >-0:-C3 Q,.3 40'/%0.3 4.31'7.3
=%31'/%*1+0'.3 &+1+* &%, +&=%*'/'%*1. &%, (+4'1+,'3/.R %0. 5+31+ %, 40%3%*1% ,+
3'%/40% 5+ 3-:%0'&. 40%1%*3')* 5+ B.0/+&. 4+01% &% -* /-*&. &%, 4+0%(%0
E *. &%, -3.M 5+ +4-*1+&. + 0%40.&-('0 (.* /%*.0%3 (.31.3 ,+3 3-31+*('+3 /63
%<(%4('.*+,%3 %, &'+/+*1% ,+ 3%&+ ,+ 4,-/+ ,+ 4'%, ,+ 4,+1+ 1.&+ ,+ >0',,+*1%7 ,-K.3+
&%, /-*&. , 4,631'(. 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. %3 -*+ 3-31+*('+ &./C31'(+ + 40'/%0+
/+1%0'+ /6:'(+ L-% (.*3'%*1% %, 40.3+23/.M 4%0. 40%('3+/%*1% 4.0L-% %3% 40.3+23/.
(.*31'1-E% -*+ 0+7)* 4.&%0.3+ 4+0+ %<'31'0D 4.0 40'/%0+ =%7 ,. +01'B'('+, 1'%*&% + ,.
(./O* *. ,. %<(,-3'=. %* %, /'3/. +(1. ,+ B-*(')* +*(%310+, &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 3%
/.&'B'(+ + *. 3% 10+1+ &% 0%%*(.*10+0 . '/'1+0 ,+ '&%+ ,+ 4-0+ 3-31+*('+M -*+
/+1%0'+ +01'B'('+, /63 B%(-*&+ L-% 1.&.3 ,.3 E+('/'%*1.3 &%, /-*&. =+ +
0%/4,+7+02+ =+ + 0%:'0 ,+ '*=%*(')* &% ,+3 B.0/+3 * .>K%1. ,-K.3. 3'%/40% 3%
='*(-,+ + ,+ 1'%00+ 3'%/40% 0%(-%0&+ %* B.0/+ +/+*%0+&+ 3- .0':%* /'*%0+, . +*'/+,
%, 1%/+ &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ &%, L-% *. %3 /63 L-% -*+ B.0/+ +(1-+, , 4,631'(. %316
%*1%0+/%*1% +>3.0>'&. %* 3- -3.M +, B'*+, 3% '*=%*1+06* .>K%1.3 3),. 4.0 %, 4,+(%0 &%
-3+0,. + K%0+0L-2+ &% ,+3 3-31+*('+3 5+ L-%&+&. +>.,'&+M -*+ 3.,+ ,+3 0%/4,+7+ +
1.&+3D %, /-*&. %*1%0. 3%0 4,+31'B'(+&. 1+/>'C* ,+ ='&+ E+ L-% 3%:O*
4+0%(% 3% (./'%*7+* + B+>0'(+0 +.01+3 &% 4,631'(.

" / # +

% 40%3%*1) %* +023 -*+ :0+* %<4.3'(')* &% B.1.:0+B2+ (-E. .>K%1'=. %0+
/.310+0 ,+ -*'=%03+,'&+& &% ,.3 :%31.3 5-/+*.3 %* ,+ ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ &% 1.&.3 ,.3
4+23%3 &%, /-*&. +('/'%*1. /-%01% 10+>+K. 3+>%0 K-%:.3 '/4.*%* 4.0 &.L-'%0
,+3 /'3/+3 (.*&-(1+3M %<'31% -*+ B+/','+ &%, 5./>0%
$ 5+ 3'&. +, /%*.3 %, 121-,. .0':'*+, &% %31+ %<4.3'(')* L-% *.3
5+ ,,%:+&. &% ,.3 31+&.3 *'&.3 .3 B0+*(%3%3 10+&-K%0.*D # 9
F % %31% /.&. ,. L-% %* 40'*('4'. 4.&2+ 4+3+0 4.0 -*+ %<40%3')* &% .0&%*
7..,):'(. L-% 1./+>+ 3'/4,%/%*1% ,+ 3'/','1-& &% ,.3 (./4.01+/'%*1.3 ,+ -*'&+&
&% -*+ %34%('% 3% /-%310+ %*10% *.3.10.3 40.B-*&+/%*1% /.0+,'7+&.
3%*1'/%*1+,'7+&. % 40.*1. *.3 %*(.*10+/.3 3O>'1+/%*1% &%=-%,1.3 +, /'1.
+/>':-. &% ,+ N(./-*'&+&N 5-/+*+ %<(-3+ L-% +,'/%*1+ -*+ 4+01% (.*3'&%0+>,% &%
*-%310. 5-/+*'3/.
, /'1. B-*('.*+ %* &.3 1'%/4.3D 3% +B'0/+ 40'/%0. ,+ &'B%0%*('+ &% ,+3
/.0B.,.:2+3 5-/+*+3 3% (+0:+* ,+3 1'*1+3 3.>0% %, %<.1'3/. 3% /+*'B'%31+* ,+3
'*B'*'1+3 =+0'+('.*%3 &% ,+ %34%('% ,+ &'=%03'&+& &% ,+3 4'%,%3 &% ,.3 (06*%.3 E &% ,+3
(.31-/>0%3 3% >+>%,'7+ + &'3(0%(')* ,+ '/+:%* &%, /-*&. %34-C3 &% %3%
4,-0+,'3/. 3% %<10+% /6:'(+/%*1% -*+ -*'&+&D %, 5./>0% *+(% 10+>+K+ 02% E /-%0%
%* 1.&+3 4+01%3 &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+M E 3' %* %3.3 (+3.3 +O* 3->3'31% +,:-*+
4+01'(-,+0'&+& C1*'(+ 3% &+ + %*1%*&%0 4.0 ,. /%*.3 L-% %* %, B.*&. &% (+&+ -*. &%
%,,.3 5+E -*+ N*+1-0+,%7+N '&C*1'(+ L-% 3- &'=%03'&+& %3 +4%*+3 B.0/+, E L-% *.
&%3/'%*1% ,+ %<'31%*('+ &% -*+ /+10'7 (./O* 31. %L-'=+,% + 4.31-,+0 -*+ %3%*('+
5-/+*+ E 3'* /63 '.3 +4+0%(% 0%'*10+&-('&. %* *-%310+ %<4.3'(')*D ,+ &'=%03'&+&

9"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&% ,.3 5./>0%3 /+*'B'%31+ 3- 4.1%*('+ 3- 0'L-%7+M ,+ -*'&+& &% ,.3 :%31.3 5-/+*.3
&%/-%310+ 3- =.,-*1+& 3 %31. ,. L-% *.3 (.*B') %, 40.34%(1. &% 40%3%*1+(')* L-%
>+K. ,+ 4,-/+ &% *&0C 5+*3.* +B'0/+ L-% N%31+ /'0+&+ 3.>0% ,+ (.*&'(')*
5-/+*+ &%>% +3%/%K+03% -* 4.(. + ,+ /'0+&+ >%*%=.,%*1% &% '.3 3.>0% *-%310.
'*3':*'B'(+*1% E 3->,'/% 5.0/':-%0.N
, &%3':*'. %34'0'1-+,'31+ %316 +(%*1-+&. 4.0 ,+3 ('1+3 L-% +(./4+8+* (+&+
(+421-,. &% ,+ %<4.3'(')* .* B0%(-%*('+ %3+3 ('1+3 3.* 40.=%0>'.3 N40'/'1'=.3N
=%032(-,.3 &%, *1':-. %31+/%*1.M &%B'*%* -*+ 3+>'&-02+ %1%0*+ -* .0&%* &%
+B'0/+('.*%3 +, /+0:%* &% ,+ 5'31.0'+D N + '%00+ %3 -*+ /+&0% L-% *. /-%0% K+/63N
N ./% %, 4+* E ,+ 3+, E &' ,+ =%0&+&N %1( 3 %, 0%'*. &% ,+3 =%0&+&%3 :*)/'(+3 ,+
-*')* &% ,+3 %&+&%3 &% ,+ 5-/+*'&+& %* %, :0+&. /63 *%-10. &% 3- '&%*1'&+& +,,2
&.*&% ,+ %='&%*('+ &% ,+ 4%0.:0-,,+&+ 3),. 1'%*% =+,.0 %* %, 3%*. &% -* ,%*:-+K%
4-0+/%*1% N4.C1'(.N .&. (.*1%*'&. E B.1.:%*'+ &% ,+3 '/6:%*%3 &'3(-03. L-% ,+3
K-31'B'(+ 1'%*&% + 3-40'/'0 %, 4%3. &%1%0/'*+*1% &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ .3 3%*1'/.3 3-K%1.3 +
,+ 3-4%0B'('% &% -*+ '&%*1'&+& '/4%&'&.3 4.0 3%*1'/%*1+,'&+& &% 4%*%10+0 %* %3+
7.*+ -,1%0'.0 &% ,+3 (.*&-(1+3 5-/+*+3 %* L-% ,+ +,'%*+(')* 5'31)0'(+ '*10.&-(%
N&'B%0%*('+3N L-% *.3.10.3 ,,+/+0%/.3 3'/4,%/%*1% N'*K-31'('+3N
, /'1. &% ,+ N(.*&'(')*N 5-/+*+ &%3(+*3+ %* -*+ /'31'B'(+(')* /-E ='%K+ L-%
(.*3'31% %* (.,.(+0 3'%/40% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %* %, B.*&. &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ , 5-/+*'3/.
(,63'(. 4.31-,+ L-% 0+34+*&. -* 4.(. ,+ 5'31.0'+ &% ,.3 5./>0%3 ,+ 0%,+1'='&+& &% 3-3
'*31'1-('.*%3 . ,+ &'B%0%*('+ 3-4%0B'('+, &% 3- 4'%, Q4%0. S4.0 L-C *. 40%:-*1+0 + ,.3
4+&0%3 &% //%1 ',, %, K.=%* *%:0. +3%3'*+&. 4.0 >,+*(.3 L-C 4'%*3+* %,,.3 &%
$ @2 3% ,,%:+ 064'&+/%*1% + ,+ (+4+ 40.B-*&+ &% -*+
*+1-0+,%7+ 5-/+*+ -*'=%03+, , 5-/+*'3/. 40.:0%3'31+ 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. &%>%
4%*3+0 (.*31+*1%/%*1% %* '*=%01'0 ,.3 1C0/'*.3 &% %31+ +*1'L-23'/+ '/4.31-0+ %*
&%3.<'&+0 3'* 4+-3+ ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 3-3 N,%E%3N E 3-3 N,2/'1%3N 4+0+ &%3(->0'0 %* %,,.3
,+ 5'31.0'+ E (./40%*&%0 B'*+,/%*1% (./. 5'31)0'(+ + ,+ /'3/+ *+1-0+,%7+
S K%/4,.3T -%3 ,.3 /'3/.3 L-% .>3%0=+/.3 %* *-%310+ %<4.3'(')* S ,
*+('/'%*1. ,+ /-%01%T 2 3.* 5%(5.3 &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 5%(5.3 -*'=%03+,%3 %0. 3' 3%
,%3 L-'1+ ,+ 5'31.0'+ E+ *. L-%&+ *+&+ 4.0 &%('0 &% %,,.3 %, (./%*1+0'. 3% =-%,=%
4-0+/%*1% 1+-1.,):'(.M %* %31% (+3. %, B0+(+3. &% ,+ B.1.:0+B2+ /% 4+0%(% B,+:0+*1%D
0%4%1'0 ,+ /-%01% . %, *+('/'%*1. *. %*3%8+ %310'(1+/%*1% *+&+ +0+ L-% %3.3 5%(5.3
*+1-0+,%3 +((%&+* + -* ,%*:-+K% =%0&+&%0. %3 *%(%3+0'. '*3%01+0,.3 %* -* .0&%* &%,
3+>%0 4.31-,+0 L-% 3% ,.3 4-%&% 10+*3B.0/+0 3./%1%0 40%('3+/%*1% 3- *+1-0+,'&+& +
*-%310+ (021'(+ &% 5./>0%3 -%3 4.0 -*'=%03+,%3 L-% 3%+* ,.3 5%(5.3 /%*('.*+&.3
3.* 3':*.3 &% -*+ %3(0'1-0+ 5'31)0'(+ . 5+E &-&+ &% L-% %, *'8. *+(% 4%0.
&%*10. &%, =.,-/%* :%*%0+, &%, 40.>,%/+ 5-/+*. SL-C *.3 '/4+01+ ,+ N%3%*('+N &%
%3% :%31. +, ,+&. &% 3-3 /.&.3 &% 3%0 L-% 3.* 4%0B%(1+/%*1% 5'31)0'(.3T U-% %, *'8.
4 >'%* . /+, L-% ,+ /+&0% 5+E+ 3-B0'&. . *. L-% 3%+ =2(1'/+ . *. &% ,+
/.01+,'&+& '*B+*1', L-% +((%&+ + -*+ - .10+ B.0/+ &% 4.0=%*'0 &% %31. *.3 1%*&02+*
L-% 5+>,+0 *-%310+3 %<4.3'('.*%3 E *. &% -*+ %1%0*+ ,20'(+ &%, *+('/'%*1. ,.
/'3/. (.* ,+ /-%01%D S&%>%/.3 (+*1+0 -*+ =%7 /63 3- %3%*('+ +00'%3:6*&.*.3 +
.,='&+0 L-% 1.&+=2+ 1%*%/.3 1+*1. 4.&%0 (.*10+ %,,+T 31% 4.&%0 1.&+=2+ K.=%*
&%/+3'+&. K.=%* %3 %, L-% &%>%/.3 /+:*'B'(+0 E *. ,+ '&%*1'&+& %31C0', &% ,+
/-%01% N*+1-0+,N
S L-C &%('0 &%, 10+>+K. L-% ,+ %<4.3'(')* (.,.(+ %* ,+ 3%0'% &% ,.3 :0+*&%3
5%(5.3 -*'=%03+,%3 P+,'*%6*&.,. (.* %, *+('/'%*1. E ,+ /-%01%P (./. 3' 3% 10+1+0+
3'* =+(',+(')* +,:-*+ &%, /'3/. .0&%* &% B+1+,'&+&T + ('0(-*31+*('+ &% L-% %,

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

10+>+K. 3%+ -* 5%(5. +*(%310+, *. ,% '/4'&% 4+0+ *+&+ 3%:-'0 3'%*&. -* 5%(5.
4%0B%(1+/%*1% 5'31)0'(. *1% 1.&. E &% /+*%0+ %='&%*1% %* 3-3 /.&.3 3-3
/)=',%3 3-3 B'*%3 E 3-3 >%*%B'('.3M 3%02+ 40.B-*&+/%*1% &%3,%+, (.*B-*&'0 %* -*+
'&%*1'&+& 4-0+/%*1% :%31-+, +, .>0%0. &% -*+ (.,.*'+ E +, .>0%0. .(('&%*1+,
Q40%:-*1%/.3 1+/>'C* + ,.3 10+>+K+&.0%3 *.0+B0'(+*.3 &% ,+ .-11% &I 0 L-C 4'%*3+*
&% $ 2 &%/63 %3 5'31)0'(. +-* %* 3- /'3/+ B+1+,'&+&D
3+>%/.3 4%0B%(1+/%*1% L-% %, 10+>+K. %3 N*+1-0+,N %* ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% %3
N+40.=%(5+>,%NM 1+, =%7 -* &2+ 3% /.&'B'L-% ,+ B+1+,'&+& &%, 40.=%(5. E %*1.*(%3 3%
/.&'B'(+06 ,+ B+1+,'&+& &%, 10+>+K. % %3% 10+>+K. +>3.,-1+/%*1% 5'31.0'7+&. 3%02+
*%(%3+0'. L-% *.3 5+>,+0+* E *. &% -*+ %31C1'(+ %1%0*+ &% ,.3 :%31.3 ,+>.0'.3.3
%0. /-(5. /% 1%/. L-% ,+ K-31'B'(+(')* B'*+, &% %31% +&+/'3/. 0+&'L-% %*
,%:+,'7+0 ,+ '*/.=','&+& &%, /-*&. + 10+=C3 &% -* N(.*.('/'%*1.N E &% -*+ N,20'(+N
L-% %1%0*'(%* ,.3 :%31.3 &%, 5./>0% (.* %, O*'(. B'* &% (.*10.,+0,.3 /%K.0

" 3

, 1'%/4. &%, 1%+10. 3%+ (-+, B-%0% 3'%/40% %3 -* 1'%/4. +:,-1'*+&. , &%,
/-3'(@5+,, 4.0 &%B'*'(')* %3 '*1%00-/4'&.M %3 -* 1'%/4. '*/%&'+1. %* %31. %310'>+
%, 3%*1'&. &% ,+3 + L-% %, 1'%/4. %3(C*'(. 3%+ -* 1'%/4. K-31. 0%+, 3'&%0+,
%, 1'%/4. &% ,+ (.3+ /'3/+ *. %, &% 3- 40%='3')* Q10+:%&'+R . %, &% 3- 0%='3')*
Q%4.4%E+R + =%*1+K+ &% %3% 1'%/4. ,'1%0+, @+&'(+ %* L-% %3 %, /%K.0 '/+:'*+>,% 4+0+
3%0='0 +, :%31.M %3 %='&%*1% L-% %, :%31. 3),. %<'31% (./. %34%(16(-,. + 4+01'0 &%,
/./%*1. %* L-% %, 1'%/4. 5+ 3'&. (.01+&. Q3% ,. 4%0('>% >'%* %* ,+ 4'*1-0+ 5'31)0'(+
&.*&% %, :%31. 3.040%*&'&. &%, 4%03.*+K% ,. L-% %* .10. ,-:+0 5% ,,+/+&.
3-34%*&% ,+ &-0+(')*R
* %, B.*&. %, 1%+10. &% =+0'%&+&%3 *. %3 -*+ 3'/4,% 1C(*'(+ &% &'310+((')* 3'*.
-*+ (.*&'(')* &%, +01'B'('. Q%* %, 3%*1'&. >+-&%,+'0%+*. &%, 1C0/'*.R + %31C1'(+
.0':'*+, &%, /-3'(@5+,, (.*3'31% %* 3+(+0 +, :%31. &% 3- &-,7.*+ 4-,4+ &% &-0+(')*
40%3%*1+0,. %* %31+&. 3-4%0,+1'=. &%B'*'1'=. &+0,% (+06(1%0 &% ='3-+,'&+& 4-0+
&%340%*&%0,. &% (-+,L-'%0 (+-3+ +:.1+0,. (./. %34%(16(-,. E *. (./. 3':*'B'(+(')*
>K%1.3 Q&% 3+,1'/>+*L-'3R E :%31.3 Q&% +(0)>+1+3R &%340%*&'&.3 &%, 1'%/4. Q%3 &%('0
+ ,+ =%7 &% E &% 2 >0',,+* (./. +01'B'('.3 4-0.3 L-% 0%(-%0&+* ,+ B02+
40%('3')* &% ,+3 ='3'.*%3 >+-&%,+'0%+*+3 &%, 5+(5'(5 &% -* /-*&. +>3.,-1+/%*1%
4-0'B'(+&. &% %34'0'1-+,'&+& 4.0L-% 40%('3+/%*1% 5+ 0%*-*('+&. +, 1'%/4.
* %, /-3'(@5+,, 1.&. %316 5%(5. 4+0+ 40%4+0+0 -*+ =%0&+&%0+ 40./.(')* &%,
.>K%1. E &%, :%31. Q,. L-% %* %, .(('&%*1% /.&%0*. 3),. 3% 4-%&% 5+(%0 (.*10+ ,.3
%34%(16(-,.3 43'(.,):'(.3 E %34%('+,/%*1% (.*10+ %, 1%+10.R * *O/%0. &% /-3'(@5+,,
%316 (+3' 3'%/40% (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 %, %*B0%*1+/'%*1. &% -* :%31. E &% -* /+1%0'+,D ,.3
4+1'*+&.0%3 E 3- 10+/4.,2* ,+L-%+&. ,.3 (-%04.3 '*1%0(+/>'+&.3 &% ,.3 +(0)>+1+3
&% ,.3 &+*7+0'*%3 E &% ,.3 +*1'4.&'31+3 %3.3 +(0)>+1+3 1+* 6:',%3 (.* 3-3 4'%3
Q(.*B'%3. -*+ :0+* 40%&',%((')* 4.0 ,.3 *O/%0.3 &% +*1'4.&'31+3 4-%3 %, (-%04.
+4+0%(% .>K%1'=+&. 3-+=%/%*1%D *. %3 -* .>K%1. &-0. E (+1+4-,1+&. (./. %* ,+ 4-0+
+(0.>+('+ 3'*. /63 >'%* 3-31+*('+ /-%,,% E &%*3+ &)(', + /.='/'%*1.3 /-E (.01.3R
%3(-,1.0%3 5-/.0'31+3 E 3-3 4+31+3 /-,1'(.,.0%3 40%31'&':'1+&.0%3 L-% %*:-,,%*
4+4%, 3%&+ (':+00',,.3 (+01%0'31+3 L-% &%3,'7+* 0%,.K%3 >',,%1%0+3 %1( 5.0+ >'%* %,
:%31. E 3- .>K%1. 3.* ,+3 /+1%0'+3 40'/+3 &% -* =+,.0 L-% O*'(+/%*1% +((%&') + ,+
%3(%*+ + 10+=C3 &%, /-3'(@5+,, Q. %, ('0(.R D %, 10+>+K. , /-3'(@5+,, +, /%*.3 %* ,+

99
Roland Barthes Mitologías

3%((')* Q4-%3 ,+ (+*(')* L-% 4+3+ 4.0 +10+((')* *.01%+/%0'(+*+ &%4%*&%

&% .10+ /'1.,.:'+R %, /-3'(@5+,, %3 ,+ B.0/+ %31C1'(+ &%, 10+>+K. +&+ *O/%0. 3%
40%3%*1+ E+ (./. %, %K%0('('. E+ (./. %, 40.&-(1. &% -*+ ,+>.0D -*+3 =%(%3 %, +(1. Q%,
&%, K-:,+0 &%, +(0)>+1+ &%, /'/.R 3% 40%3%*1+ (./. ,+ 3-/+ B'*+, &% -*+ ,+0:+ *.(5%
&% %*10%*+/'%*1. .10+3 =%(%3 %, 10+>+K. Q&'>-K+*1%3 %3(-,1.0%3 5-/.0'31+3R 3% 0%(0%+
(./4,%1+/%*1% +*1% %, 4O>,'(. % 1.&+3 /+*%0+3 ,. L-% 3% 40.&-(% %3 -*
+(.*1%('/'%*1. *-%=. E %31% +(.*1%('/'%*1. %316 (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 ,+ 4%0B%((')* B06:',
&% -* %3B-%07. /%K.0 +01'B'('. /63 3-1', %, %3B-%07. 3% (+41+ %* 3- (-,/'*+(')* %*
%3% /./%*1. (+3' '/4.3'>,% %* L-% =+ + 3-/%0:'03% %* ,+ 4%0B%((')* &% 3- ,.:0. 3'*
L-% +O* 5+E+ &%3+4+0%('&. 1.1+,/%*1% %, 0'%3:. &% 3- B0+(+3. * %, /-3'(@5+,, 1.&.
%316 (.*3%:-'&.M 4%0. %3 40%('3+/%*1% %31% %, L-% (.*31'1-E% %, %34%(16(-,. E
%, L-% + 4%3+0 &% 3- +B%(1+(')* ,% /+*1'%*% 3- ='01-& &% 10+>+K. &%/63 ,. L-%
/-%310+ %, %34%(16(-,. &% /-3'(@5+,, *. %3 %, 0%3-,1+&. &%, +(1. 3'*. 3- /.&. &% 3%0
,+ 1%*-% &'/%*3')* &% 3- 3-4%0B'('% 10'-*B+*1% 3 C31+ -*+ /+*%0+ &% 5+(%0 4.3'>,%
-* %31+&. (.*10+&'(1.0'. &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ 5-/+*+D 4.&%0 .>3%0=+0 %* %, :%31. &%,
+01'31+ ,+ /-3(-,+1-0+ :0.3%0+ &% -*+ ,+>.0 +0&-+ P+ /+*%0+ &% 4+3+&.P E ,+
3-+='&+& +C0%+ &% -* +(1. B6(', 3-0:'&. &% -* ('%,. /6:'(. , /-3'(@5+,, %3 %,
10+>+K. 5-/+*. /%/.0'+,'7+&. E 3->,'/+&.D %, 4%,':0. E %, %3B-%07. +4+0%(%*
3':*'B'(+&.3 +, /'3/. 1'%/4. L-% 3% 3->3-/%* >+K. ,+ 0'3+ . >+K. ,+ :0+('+
+1-0+,/%*1% %, /-3'(@5+,, *%(%3'1+ -* (,'/+ &% 40.B-*&+ /+:'+ L-% >.00%
1.&+ 0-:.3'&+& +, %3B-%07. E 3),. &%K% 3- &'3%8. 3 %, 0%'*. &% ,+3 >.,+3 >0',,+*1%3
,.3 >+31.*%3 ,'='+*.3 ,.3 /-%>,%3 1->-,+0%3 ,+3 3%&+3 L-2/'(+3 ,.3 >,+*(.3
(5'00'+*1%3 E ,+3 /+7+3 L-% (5'34%+*M %, ,-K. ='3-+, .31%*1+ ,+ $ '*31+,+&+ %* ,+
(,+0'&+& &% ,+3 3-31+*('+3 E %* ,+ +0/.*'.3+ 10+>+7)* &% ,.3 :%31.3 =%(%3 %,
5./>0% %3 3.4.01% %0:-'&. 60>., 3.>0% (-E+ %<1%*3')* 3% &%3,'7+ -*+ /-K%0@1+,,.M
.10+3 =%(%3 0%4+01'&. %* ,+ 3+,+ 3% (.*='%01% %* ,+ (%@*%31%3'+ &%, 2/4%1- &% ,+ B-%07+
&% :0+=%&+& *. =%*('&+ 3'*. 3->,'/+&+ 4.0 ,.3 (.*1'*-.3 0%>.1%3 * %31% /-*&.
/%1+,'7+&. 3-0:%* +*1':-.3 /'1.3 &% :%0/'*+(')* L-% .1.0:+* + %3+ 0%40%3%*1+(')*
&%, 10+>+K. %, +=+, &% +*1'L-23'/.3 /.='/'%*1.3 *+1-0+,%3M E ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 3':-%
3'%*&. ,+ '/+:%* &% ,. (.*1'*-. %3 &%('0 %* 0%3-/'&+3 (-%*1+3 &% ,. B6(',
+ /+:'+ /-3(-,+0 &%, /-3'(@5+,, %3 %3%*('+,/%*1% -0>+*+D *. 4.0 (+3-+,'&+&
%, /-3'(@5+,, %3 -* 5%(5. +*:,.3+K)* *+('&. %* %, /-*&. &% ,+3 >0-3(+3
(.*(%*10+('.*%3 -0>+*+3 E &% ,.3 :0+*&%3 /'1.3 (-6L-%0.3 &%, 10+>+K.M ,+ 40./.(')*
&% ,.3 .>K%1.3 &% ,.3 /%1+,%3 E &% ,.3 :%31.3 3.8+&.3 ,+ 3->,'/+(')* &%, 10+>+K. 4.0
3- &%34,+7+/'%*1. /6:'(. E *. 4.0 3- (.*3+:0+(')* (./. %* %, B.,[,.0% 0-0+, 1.&.
%3. 4+01'('4+ &% ,. +01'B'('+, &% ,+3 ('-&+&%3 + ('-&+& 0%(5+7+ ,+ '&%+ &% -*+
*+1-0+,%7+ '*B.0/% 0%&-(% %, %34+('. + -* (.*1'*-. &% .>K%1.3 3),'&.3 >0',,+*1%3
+ ,.3 L-% %, +(1. &%, +01'31+ .1.0:+ 40%('3+/%*1% ,+3 (+0+(1%0231'(+3
40%31':'.3+3 &% -* 4%*3+/'%*1. %*1%0+/%*1% 5-/+*.D %, 10+>+K. 3.>0% 1.&.
/'1'B'(+&. 5+(% B%,'7 + ,+ /+1%0'+ 4.0L-% 3.040%*&%*1%/%*1% 4+0%(% 4%*3+0,+
%1+,'B'(+&.3 ,+*7+&.3 0%(-4%0+&.3 /+*'4-,+&.3 ,-/'*.3.3 &% /.='/'%*1.3 %*
4%04%1-. &'6,.:. (.* %, :%31. ,.3 .>K%1.3 4'%0&%* ,+ 3'*'%310+ .>31'*+(')* &%,
+>3-0&.D +01'B'('+,%3 E -1%*3','.3 ,.3 .>K%1.3 4.0 -* '*31+*1% &%K+* &%

# #

O* 3% 0%40%3%*1+ %* +,:-*+ 4+01% &%, /-*&. # 8 * QE *.

Roland Barthes Mitologías

5+(% /-(5. 1'%/4. 3% ,+ 0%40%3%*1+>+ %* +023R 31% C<'1. ,,+/+ ,+ +1%*(')* 3.>0%
-*+ /'1.,.:2+ &%, +/.0 L-% 40.>+>,%/%*1% 3->3'31+ 4-%3 ,+ +,'%*+(')* &% +0:+0'1+
+-1'%0 +*1% ,+ (,+3% &% ,.3 +/.3 *. %3 B-*&+/%*1+,/%*1% &'B%0%*1% &% ,+ &% ,.3
4%L-%8.>-0:-%3%3 &% 5.E %* -* /-*&. ':-+,/%*1% (,+3'B'(+&.
.0L-% %* 0%+,'&+& %, /'1. (%*10+, &% # 8 * *. %3 %, +/.0
3'*. %, 0%(.*.('/'%*1.
+0:+0'1+ +/+ 4+0+ 5+(%03% 0%(.*.(%0 E &%3&% %31% 4-*1. &% ='31+ 3- 4+3')*
Q%* -* 3%*1'&. /63 %1'/.,):'(. L-% 3%*1'/%*1+,R 3% .0':'*+ %*1%0+/%*1% %* %, .10.
0/+*&. Q5'K. &% -* 0%(+-&+&.0 &% '/4-%31.3R %<40%3+ %, +/.0 (,63'(. >-0:-C3
5%0%&+&. &% ,+ (-,1-0+ %3%*('+,'31+ E L-% 3% 40.,.*:+06 %* ,.3 +*6,'3'3 &% 0.-31D %3
-* +/.0 3%:0%:+&.0 %, &%, 40.4'%1+0'. L-% 3% ,,%=+ 3- 40%3+ /.0 '*1%0'.0'7+&. L-%
3),. 0%(.*.(% +, /-*&. '*1%0/'1%*1%/%*1% E 3'%/40% (.* -* 3%*1'/'%*1. &%
B0-310+(')* (./. 3' %, /-*&. 3),. B-%0+ -*+ 4%0/+*%*1% +/%*+7+ &% 0.>. Q(%,.3
(.*B,'(1.3 &%340%('.3 '*L-'%1-&%3 +,%K+/'%*1.3 (+/>'.3 &% 5-/.0 %1( R , +/.0 &%
+0:+0'1+ %3 1.&. ,. (.*10+0'. * 40'/%0 ,-:+0 +0:+0'1+ 3% 3'*1') (.*/.='&+ +,
3%*1'03% 4.0 0/+*&. E %* +&%,+*1% ,+ 4+3')* 4+0+ %,,+ 5+ 3'&. -*+
4%0/+*%*1% &%/+*&+ &% %3% 0%(.*.('/'%*1. .0 %3. %, 3+(0'B'('. &% 0%*-*('+0 +
0/+*&. L-% (.*(%&% +R 3%8.0 -=+, *. %3 %* +>3.,-1. /.0+, Q+ 4%3+0 &% ,+
B0+3%.,.:2+R 3'*. %<'31%*('+,M %3 ,+ (.*3%(-%*('+ ,):'(+ &%, 4.31-,+&. &%
0%(.*.('/'%*1. -* /%&'. 3-4%0'.0 Q/-(5. /63 L-% %, +/.0R 4+0+ 5+(%03% 0%(.*.(%0
4.0 %, /-*&. &% ,.3 +/.3 3' +0:+0'1+ .(-,1+ 3- 3+(0'B'('. E ,. %*/+3(+0+
/.3106*&.,. (./. -* +(1. (2*'(. ,. 5+(% 3),. (-+*&. %, +0:-/%*1. 0%+,/%*1% 3%
=-%,=% ,'1%0+1-0+D ,+ /'0+&+ &% 0%(.*.('/'%*1. &% ,.3 >-0:-%3%3 4+3+ +, ,%(1.0 L-% +
3- =%7 + +0:+0'1+ + 10+=C3 &%, 40.4'. &%340%('. &% 3- +/+*1% 3 &%('0 L-%
,.3 /+,%*1%*&'&.3 L-% 5+(%* +=+*7+0 ,+ '*10':+ *. 3.* &% .0&%* 43'(.,):'(. Q+-*
(-+*&. %, ,%*:-+K% ,. %3 +>-3'=+/%*1%R D 0/+*&. E +0:+0'1+ *. 4%01%*%(%* +,
/'3/. /-*&. 3.('+, E %*10% %,,.3 *. 3% +:'1+ *' ,+ 10+:%&'+ 0+('*'+*+ *' -*+ 3'1-+(')*
/+0'=+-&'+*+ , (.*B,'(1. %3 %<1%0'.0D *. 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ /'3/+ 4+3')* %3('*&'&+
(.*10+ 32 /'3/+ 3'*. &% &.3 4+3'.*%3 &% &'B%0%*1% *+1-0+,%7+ 4-%31. L-% 40.='%*%*
&% ,-:+0%3 &'B%0%*1%3 &% ,+ 3.('%&+& + 4+3')* &% 0/+*&. >-0:-C3 +40.4'+1'=.
0%3-,1+ 4.0 &%B'*'(')* &%310-(1.0+ &%, .10.M E ,+ 4+3')* &% +0:+0'1+ 3),. 4-%&%
(.0.*+0 %, %3B-%07. L-% 0%+,'7+ 4+0+ 5+(%03% 0%(.*.(%0 4.0 /%&'. &% -* 3+(0'B'('.
L-% + 3- =%7 (.*31'1-'06 ,+ &%310-((')* '*&'0%(1+ &% ,+ 4+3')* &% 0/+*&. +
3'/4,% &'34+0'&+& 3.('+, 0%*.=+&+ E +/4,'B'(+&+ 4.0 ,+ .4.3'(')* &% &.3 '&%.,.:2+3
+/.0.3+3 3),. 4-%&% 40.&-('0 -* +/.0 '/4.3'>,% '/4.3'>','&+& (-E. 32/>.,.
+,:%>0+'(. ,. (.*31'1-E% &% +,:O* /.&. ,+ /-%01% &% +0:+0'1+ Q4.0 /63
+,/'>+0+&+ L-% 3%+ 3.>0% ,+ %3(%*+R
+ &'B%0%*('+ &% +/.0%3 40.='%*% 3'* &-&+ &% -*+ &'B%0%*('+ &% ,-('&%7D
0/+*&. ='=% -*+ %3%*('+ E -*+ %1%0*'&+& &% +/.0M +0:+0'1+ ='=% (.*3('%*1% &% 3-
+,'%*+(')*D 3% 3+>% E %* ('%01. 3%*1'&. L-'%0% 3%0 (.01%3+*+ -3 (.*&-(1+3 &%
+&+41+(')* (.*31'1-E%* 1+/>'C* (.*&-(1+3 &% 0%(.*.('/'%*1.D %* .(+3'.*%3 +3-/%
(.* %<(%3. 3- 40.4'+ ,%E%*&+ 3% 5-*&% %* %, 1.0>%,,'*. (,63'(. &% ,+ ='&+ (.01%3+*+
Q(./. %3.3 4%&%0+31+3 L-% 3% +3-/%* .31%*3'>,%/%*1% (./. 1+,%3RM .10+3 =%(%3
40.(,+/+ -* 4.&%0 L-% ,+ 3-4%0+ E %31+ 3'1-+(')* 1'%*&% /%*.3 + /.310+0 -*+ ='01-&
N*+1-0+,N L-% ,. +>*%:+&. &% -*+ (.*&'(')* ./. 3' ,+ B-*(')* &% 3- 3+(0'B'('. &%
*'*:O* /.&. B-%0+ /+*'B%31+0 ,+ /-%01% &% ,+ (.01%3+*+ L-% %<'31% %* %,,+ 3'*. 4.0
%, (.*10+0'. %='&%*('+0 -*+ (.01%3+*+ 3-4%0,+1'=+ P+:':+*1+&+ 3'* 4.0 %3. 4%0&%0
3-3 40.4'.3 =+,.0%3P (.* -* +,1. 3%*1'/'%*1. >-0:-C3
Roland Barthes Mitologías

% 1+, /+*%0+ 3% 40%('3+ %, (.*1%*'&. /21'(. &% %31% +/.0 +0L-%1'4. &% ,+
3%*1'/%*1+,'&+& 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ % 10+1+ &% -* %31+&. 4+01'(-,+0 &%, /'1.
&%B'*'&. 4.0 -*+ 3%/',-('&%7 . 4+0+ 3%0 /63 %<+(1. 4.0 -*+ ,-('&%7 4+063'1+ Q,+
/'3/+ L-% 5%/.3 3%8+,+&. %* ,+ 0%+,'&+& +310.,):'(+R +0:+0'1+ 3-
+,'%*+(')* %3 &%('0 =% ,+ 0%+,'&+& (./. -*+ +,'%*+(')* %0. +/4,2+ %3%
(.*.('/'%*1. + 10+=C3 &% (.*&-(1+3 4-0+/%*1% 3%0=',%3D . >'%* 0%40%3%*1+ %,
4%03.*+K% L-% ,.3 +/.3 %34%0+* &% %,,+ . >'%* '*1%*1+ %*(.*10+0 -*
=%0&+&%0+/%*1% '*1%0'.0 +, /-*&. &% ,.3 +/.3 * +/>.3 (+3.3 +0:+0'1+ K+/63 %3
.10+ (.3+ L-% -*+ ,-('&%7 +,'%*+&+M %3 (.*3('%*1% &% L-% 3-B0% 4%0. 3),. '/+:'*+
0%/%&'.3 4+063'1.3 + 3- 40.4'. 3-B0'/'%*1.D 3% 3+>% .>K%1. 4%0. *. =% 4+0+ 32 .10.
&%31'*. L-% %, &% +/-%>,+0 %, /-3%. &% ,.3 +/.3 4%3+0 &% ,. :0.1%3(. &% ,+ 10+/+
%, 4%03.*+K% *. (+0%(% &% ('%01+ 0'L-%7+ &0+/61'(+D 4.0 3-4-%31. *. %3 *' 106:'(. Q,+
B+1+,'&+& L-% 4%3+ 3.>0% +0:+0'1+ %3 3.('+, *. /%1+B23'(+R *' ()/'(. Q,+ (.*&-(1+
&% +0:+0'1+ 40.='%*% &% 3- (.*&'(')* *. &% 3- %3%*('+R 1+/4.(. (,+0. %316
0%=.,-('.*+0'. Q +0:+0'1+ *. %K%0(% *'*:-*+ (021'(+ 3.>0% 3- +,'%*+(')*R %0. %* %,
B.*&. *. ,% B+,1+02+ /-(5. 4+0+ +,(+*7+0 ,+ 3'1-+(')* &% 4%03.*+K% >0%(51'+*. .>K%1.
+,'%*+&. 4%0. B-%*1% &% (021'(+ . L-% ,+ +,%K+ &% %31+ 4.3'>','&+& P
'00%/%&'+>,%/%*1%P %3 3- (+06(1%0 4.3'1'=.D +0:+0'1+ +-1'%0 (.*/.=%&.0+ 4.0 3-
1->%0(-,.3'3 E 3-3 5%0/.3+3 B0+3%3 +10+4+ + 3- 4O>,'(. ,% (./-*'(+ 3- 40.4'+
(%:-%0+M &% 5+>%0 3'&. '00%/%&'+>,%/%*1% 1.*1+ 5->'%0+ +>'%01. ,.3 .K.3
4%L-%8.>-0:-%3%3 /+*1% &% ,+3 B0+3%3 E *.>,% %* -*+ 4+,+>0+ N3%0'+N 3),. ,.3
+&.0/%(%

% 1 # $ "

SU-'C*%3 3.* ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 4+0+ .-K+&%T 3%*('+,/%*1% ,.3 N40.B%3.0%3N

QN&% ,+ .0>.*+ 4%&+:.:.3 =+,'%*1%3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 &% ,.3 (%*10.3 +&/'*'310+1'=.3NR E
,.3 1C(*'(.3 QN1%(*)(0+1+3 4.,'1C(*'(.3 4.,'=+,%*1%3 . 4.,',+&0.*%3NR 3 4.3'>,% L-%
%* 3- .0':%* ,+ 3%=%0'&+& &% .-K+&% (.* ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 3% B-*&% %* -* 3'/4,%
0%*(.0 B'3(+,D %, N40.B%3.0N %3 -* +40.=%(5+&.M 40'/%0. 4.0L-% %3 -* +3+,+0'+&.
QN .>0% %0'(. (-+*&. %0+3 +3+,+0'+&. *. (.*.(2+3 %31+ B%,'('&+&NR E +&%/63 4.0L-%
*. &%(,+0+ 3-3 ,%(('.*%3 4+01'(-,+0%3 * (-+*1. +, 1C(*'(. %3 -* 36&'(.D >+K. ,+
.&'.3+ B.0/+ &% '*34%(1.0 1.01-0+ +, (.*10'>-E%*1% %0. (./. %, 4.-K+&'3/. 10+1)
&% (.*310-'0 '*/%&'+1+/%*1% 3-3 :0+*&%3 +0L-%1'4.3 %, '*1%,%(1-+, B-% 064'&+/%*1%
10+3,+&+&. &% ,+ (+1%:.02+ B'3(+, + ,+ &% ,.3 /'1.3
./. 1.&. 3%0 /21'(. %, '*1%,%(1-+, 4+01'('4+ &% -* 1%/+ :%*%0+, &% -*+
3-31+*('+D %, %3 &%('0 Q+-*L-% C31+ 3%+ -*+ '&%*1'&+& 4.(. ('%*12B'(+R %, *
3- 3-4%0'.0'&+& %, '*1%,%(1-+, 4,+*%+ *. 3% N4%:+N + ,+ 0%+,'&+& Q,+ 0%+,'&+& %3 ,+
1'%00+ /'1. +/>':-. L-% 3':*'B'(+ + ,+ =%7 ,+ 0+7+ ,+ 0-0+,'&+& ,+ 40.='*('+ %, >-%*
3%*1'&. ,. .3(-0. '**./>0+>,% %1( R , &-%8. &% -* 0%31+-0+*1% L-% +1'%*&%
0%:-,+0/%*1% + '*1%,%(1-+,%3 ,.3 ,,+/+ N5%,'()41%0.3N '/+:%* &%340%('+1'=+ L-%
%,'/'*+ +, =-%,. ,+ 4.1%*('+ ='0', &%Y +=')*D %, '*1%,%(1-+, 3% &%340%*&% &% ,. 0%+, E
4%0/+*%(% %* %, +'0% %* %, /'3/. 3'1'. :'0+*&. %* 0%&.*&.M 3- +3(%*3')* %3
4-3',6*'/% ':-+,/%*1% ,%K.3 &%, :0+* ('%,. 0%,':'.3. E &% ,+ 1'%00+ 3),'&+ &%, 3%*1'&.
(./O* . L-% ,% B+,1+ +, '*1%,%(1-+, 3.* N0+'(%3N %* %, +,/+ &% ,+ *+(')* .3
'*1%,%(1-+,%3 *. 3.* '&%+,'31+3 *' 0%+,'31+3 3.* 3%0%3 3./>02.3 N0%=%*1+&.3N - *'=%,

+ /+E.02+ &% ,+3 ('1+3 40.='%*% &%, ,'>0. &% .-K+&% )7 G&
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&% +,1-0+ +&%(-+&. %3 %, &% ,+3 *->%3 ='%K+ (+*1',%*+ +0'31.B+*%3(+ Q%, '*1%,%(1-+,
%*1.*(%3 %0+ )(0+1%3R -34%*&'&.3 %* %, =+(2. 3-4%0'.0 ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 3%
'/40%:*+* &% C, 3.* N%, 1+/>.0 L-% 0%3-%*+ (.* %, ='%*1.N * %31.3 (.*(%41.3
+4+0%(% %, B-*&+/%*1. '*%='1+>,% &%, +*1''*1%,%(1-+,'3/.D ,+ &%3(.*B'+*7+ &%,
,%*:-+K% ,+ 0%&-((')* &% ,+ 4+,+>0+ .4-%31+ + -* 0-'&. &% +(-%0&. + %3%
40.(%&'/'%*1. &% 4.,C/'(+3 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+3 L-% (.*3'31% %* &%3%*/+3(+0+0 %*
,+3 &%/63 -*+ '/4%0B%((')* (./4,%/%*1+0'+ + ,+ L-% *. 3% .>3%0=+ %* 32 /'3/. %*
(+0:+0 +, +&=%03+0'. (.* ,.3 %B%(1.3 &% 3-3 40.4'+3 B+,1+3 %* ,,+/+0 .3(-0'&+& + 3-
40.4'+ (%:-%0+ E &%3.0&%* =%0>+, + ,+ 3.0&%0+ 40.4'+
+ +,1'1-& ,.:0+&+ 4.0 ,.3 %3420'1-3 N3-4%0'.0%3N %* %31% (+3. E -*+ =%7 /63 %3
+3'/',+&+ + ,+ +>310+((')* + 10+=C3 3'* &-&+ &% %3% %31+&. (./O* + ,+ +,1-0+ E +,
(.*(%41.D ,+ 0+0%B+((')* % 10+1+ &% -*+ +>310+((')* /%(6*'(+ E+ L-% ,.3
'*1%,%(1-+,%3 3.* .10+ (.3+ L-% /6L-'*+3 &% 4%*3+0 Q,. L-% ,%3 B+,1+ *. %3
N(.0+7)*N (./. &'02+* ,+3 B',.3.B2+3 3%*1'/%*1+,'31+3 3'*. ,+ N4'(+0&2+N %34%('% &%
16(1'(+ +,'/%*1+&+ 4.0 ,+ '*1-'(')*R , 1%/+ &%, 4%*3+/'%*1. /+L-'*+, %316
*+1-0+,/%*1% &.1+&. &% +10'>-1.3 4'*1.0%3(.3 L-% 0%B-%07+* %, /+,%B'('.D 40'/%0. ,+
3.(+00.*%02+ Q,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 3.* %3(C41'(.3 B0%*1% + .-K+&%R ,-%:. ,+ /+,':*'&+&
4-%3 ,+ /6L-'*+ %* 3- +>310+((')* %3 36&'(+D ,.3 B-*('.*+0'.3 &%, /'*'31%0'. &%
5+('%*&+ 3.* N='('.3.3N L-% 3'%*1%* 4,+(%0 %* 5+(%0 3-B0'0 +, (.*10'>-E%*1% %(-+(%3
&%, 3'31%/+ 4.3%%* 3- B02+ (./4,'(+(')* %3+ 3-%01% &% '*=%*(')* %31C0', &%
40.,'B%0+(')* *%:+1'=+ L-% E+ 5+(2+ ,+*7+0 +,+0'&.3 + '(5%,%1 + 40.4)3'1. &% ,.3
K%3-21+3 .3 4.,'1C(*'(.3 4.0 .10+ 4+01% 1'%*%* 4+0+ .-K+&% (+3' %, /'3/. 4+4%, L-%
,.3 K%3-21+3 4+0+ ,.3 ,'>%0+,%3 &% .10.0+D B-%*1% &% 1.&.3 ,.3 /+,%3 B'3(+,%3 Q4.0
'*1%0/%&'. &%, /'*'31%0'. &% B'*+*7+3 &%3':*+(')* %-B%/231'(+ &%, '*B'%0*.R
%&'B'(+&.0%3 &%, 3'31%/+ +, L-% &%34-C3 .>%&%(%* (./. (+&6=%0%3 %
3%:O* %, 40.=%0>'. K%3-'1+
+ ('%*('+ 4+0+ .-K+&% 4.3%% -*+ (-0'.3+ (+4+('&+& &% %<(%3.3 -%31. L-%
1.&. 5%(5. 5-/+*. '*(,-3'=% /%*1+, %<'31% 3.,+/%*1% (./. (+*1'&+& >+31+
(./4+0+0 3- =.,-/%* (.* ,+ (+4+('&+& &%, 4.-K+&'31+ /%&'. 4+0+ &%(0%1+0,.
%<(%3'=. 3 40.>+>,% L-% ,.3 %<(%3.3 &% ,+ ('%*('+ 3%+* 40%('3+/%*1% 3-3 ='01-&%3 E
L-% (./'%*(% %<+(1+/%*1% + 4+01'0 &%, ,-:+0 &.*&% .-K+&% ,+ %*(-%*10+ '*O1', 31+
(-+*1'B'(+(')* %3 40%('.3+ 4+0+ ,+ 0%1)0'(+ 4.-K+&'31+ E+ L-% %*:%*&0+ /.*310-.3 ,.3
4.,'1C(*'(.3 3.31%*%&.0%3 &% -*+ ('%*('+ 4-0+ +>310+(1+ L-% 3),. 3% +4,'(+ + ,+
0%+,'&+& %* B.0/+ 4-*'1'=+
, K-'('. &% .-K+&% 3.>0% ,.3 4.,'1C(*'(.3 QE ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3R *. %3
&%3%34%0+*7+&.D 3'* &-&+ 3%06 4.3'>,% N(.00%:'0N N+, '*1%,%(1-+, &% 0+*('+N -
%*B%0/%&+& 40.='%*% &% -*+ 5'4%010.B'+ Q4.0 %*&% 3% ,. 4.&06 .4%0+0R &% 5+>%0
+:0%:+&. + ,+ (+*1'&+& *.0/+, &% '*1%,':%*('+ &%, 4%L-%8. (./%0('+*1% -* +4C*&'(%
&% 4%3. %<(%3'=.D %31% +4C*&'(% %316 (.*31'1-'&. (-0'.3+/%*1% 4.0 ,+ ('%*('+ /'3/+
.>K%1'=+&+ E (.*(%41-+,'7+&+ + ,+ =%7 %34%('% &% /+1%0'+ 4%3+&+ L-% 3% +8+&% . 3%
0%1'0+ &%, 5./>0% %<+(1+/%*1% (./. %, 10.7. &% /+*1%(+ L-% %, +,/+(%*%0. +:0%:+ .
L-'1+ 4+0+ .>1%*%0 -* 4%3. K-31. %('0 L-% %, 4.,'1C(*'(. %316
% 3':*'B'(+ L-% 4+3+&+ ('%01+ 1+3+ &% ('%*('+ 3% 1.(+ %, /-*&. (-+,'1+1'=.
&%, =%*%*. +,'&+ &% ,.3 3+*.3 ,2/'1%3 &% ,+ (-+*1'B'(+(')* ,+ ('%*('+ L-%&+
&%3+(0%&'1+&+ 4-%31. L-% E+ *. 3% ,+ 4-%&% &%B'*'0 (./. -* , .3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3
4.,'1C(*'(.3 40.B%3.0%3 :%*1%3 &% ,+ .0>.*+ E B-*('.*+0'.3 *. 5+(%* *+&+D 3.*
%31%1+3 *. B0%(-%*1+* ,+ B.*&+ 4.4-,+0 &% 40.='*('+ 3'*.
4" = L-2 3-0:% -* 1%/+ (,+0. + 1.&.3 ,.3 0%:2/%*%3 B-%01%3D ,+
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+3'/',+(')* &% ,+ '*1%,%(1-+,'&+& + ,+ .('.3'&+& .0 &%B'*'(')* %, '*1%,%(1-+, %3 -*

4%0%7.3.M 3%02+ *%(%3+0'. &% -*+ >-%*+ =%7 4.*%0,.3 + 10+>+K+0 (.*=%01'0 -*+
+(1'='&+& L-% 3),. 4-%&% /%&'03% 4.0 3- %<(%3. *.('=. %* -* 10+>+K. %3
&%('0 +((%3'>,% + ,+ /%&'(')* 4.-K+&'31+ % 3+>% L-% %* O,1'/+ '*31+*('+ *. %<'31%
10+>+K. /63 (-+*1'B'(+&. P 4.0 ,. 1+*1. /63 >%*CB'(.P L-% +>0'0 +:-K%0.3 .
+/.*1.*+0 4'%&0+3M %3 %, 10+>+K. %* %31+&. 4-0. E 4.0 .10+ 4+01% %, 10+>+K. L-% 1.&.3
,.3 0%:2/%*%3 4.34.-K+&'31+3 1%0/'*+* ,):'(+/%*1% 4.0 0%3%0=+0 +,
31+ (-+*1'B'(+(')* &%, 10+>+K. +(+00%+ *+1-0+,/%*1% -*+ 40./.(')* &% ,+ B-%07+
B23'(+ ,+ &% ,.3 /O3(-,.3 %, 4%(5. ,.3 >0+7.3M 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. ,+ (+>%7+ 0%3-,1+ -*
,-:+0 3.34%(5.3. 4-%31. L-% 3-3 40.&-(1.3 3.* (-+,'1+1'=.3 *. (-+*1'1+1'=.3 L-2
3% 0%%*(-%*10+ %, &%340%31':'. L-% (.* B0%(-%*('+ 3% +00.K+ 3.>0% %, (%0%>0. 0 4
4 +B'0/+* + /%*-&. ,.3 4+01'&+0'.3 &% .-K+&%R (-E+ B+1+,
&%3:0+('+ 0+&'(+ + 1.&+3 ,-(%3 %* ,+ %<(%*10'('&+& &% 3- 4.3'(')* %* ,+ 4+01% /63 +,1+
&%, (-%04. (%0(+ &% ,+ ,%K.3 &% ,+3 + +/>':V%&+& &% ,+
%3 %<4,.1+&+ + B.*&. % (.*310-E% 1.&+ -*+ (.3/.:.*2+ L-% K-%:+
4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% (.* =+:+3 3'/','1-&%3 %*10% ,. B23'(. ,. /.0+, E ,. 3.('+,D ,+ ,-(5+
&%, (-%04. (.*10+ ,+ (+>%7+ %3 ,+ ,-(5+ /'3/+ &% ,.3 " < &% ,. .3(-0. ='1+,
(.*10+ ,. +00'>+
, /'3/. .-K+&% &%3+00.,,) +40%3-0+&+/%*1% ,+ ,%E%*&+ &% 3- B-%07+ B23'(+D
&'4,./+&. (./. '*310-(1.0 &% :'/*+3'+ =%1%0+*. &% ,+ K-:+&.0 &% 0-:>EM ,.3
+*1%(%&%*1%3 &+* 40-%>+ &% 3- (+/>'. &% ,+ +&5%3')* L-% ,% .B0%(%* 3-3
10.4+3 %, K%B% ,%3 >0'*&+ -*+ B-%07+ %3%*('+,/%*1% /%&'>,% ,+ B-%07+ &%, (-%04. .0
%3+ 0+7)* %, 40'/%0 40%31':'. &% .-K+&% Q%*1'C*&+3%D %, B-*&+/%*1. &% ,+ (.*B'+*7+
/%0(+*1', L-% 3% ,% 4-%&% 1%*%0R %3 3- 0%3'31%*('+ QN .-K+&% %3 %, &'+>,. %* 4%03.*+ %3
'*&%310-(1'>,%NR -3 40'/%0+3 (+/4+8+3 B-%0.* +(1-+('.*%3 B23'(+3 0+E+*+3 %* ,.
3.>0%5-/+*. QN 3 %, &'+>,. %* 4%03.*+NR 31+ B-%07+ &% +(%0. 40.&-(% ,+ ->'(-'&+&
Q .-K+&% %316 + ,+ =%7 %* 1.&+3 4+01%3R &.>,%:+ ,+ /+1%0'+ Q .-K+&% &%310.7+ 1.&.3
,.3 =%52(-,.3 L-% -1','7+R '* %/>+0:. +&%/63 &% ,+ 0%3'31%*('+ %<'31% %* .-K+&%
.10. =+,.0D -*+ %34%('% &% B23'(. 40.&':+&. +&%/63 &% ,+ B-%07+@/%0(+*(2+
(./. -*. &% %3.3 .>K%1.3 3-4%0B,-.3 (.* L-% %* &%0%(5.3 /-E +*1':-.3 %,
(./40+&.0 %*(+&%*+>+ +, =%*&%&.0 &% -* >'%* '*/.>','+0'. 31+ N40.4'*+N L-%
'*31'1-E% +, K%B% E L-% +4+0%(% (./. %, &.* &% .-K+&% %3+ 4+01% 0%3%0=+&+ + ,+
(-+,'&+& %* %31+ %(.*./2+ &% 4-0+ (./4-1+(')* %3 3- 4 .0 3-4-%31. ,+ =.7
3-0:') &% -* ,-:+0 40'=',%:'+&. &%, (-%04. 3'1-+&. %* -* ,-:+0 '*1%0/%&'. E
/-3(-,.3. %, 1)0+< L-% (.*31'1-E% ,+ +*1'(+>%7+ 4.0 %<(%,%*('+ %* ,+ /'1.,.:2+
(.04.0+, %0. ,+ =.7 =%52(-,. &%, =%0>. 0%4+0+&.0 %3(+4+ + ,+ &-0+ ,%E &% ,+3
(+*1'&+&%3D %, &%3:+31% 3-%01% L-% (.00%* ,.3 .>K%1.3 (./-*%3 %316 3-31'1-'&. 4.0 ,+
B0+:','&+& 0'%3:. :,.0'.3. &% ,.3 .>K%1.3 &% ,-K. . +&%(-+&. + %3+ =.7 *. %3 %,
&%340%('. 5%0.'(. &% ,+ B+1':+ *' ,+ 0%3'31%*('+ '/4,+(+>,% %3 ,+ &%,'(+&+ (+0'('+ &%,
=+4.0'7+&.0 ,+ 3-+=% +E-&+ &%, /'(0)B.*. + =.7 &% .-K+&% 0%('>% + /+*%0+ &%
10+*3B%0%*('+ %, '/4.*&%0+>,% E 40%31':'.3. =+,.0 L-% %* .10+3 /'1.,.:2+3 ,%
(.00%34.*&% +, (%0%>0. &%, '*1%,%(1-+,
3 .>='. L-% %, ,-:+01%*'%*1% &% .-K+&% &%>% 4+01'('4+0 &% ,+ /'3/+
40%31+*('+ +-*L-% /63 >-0&+ E /%*.3 &'+>),'(+M %3 %, NB.07-&.ND N%, ='0', +-*+E %<
K-:+&.0 &% 0-:>E (.* 3-3 +*1%>0+7.3 =%,,-&.3 E 4.1%*1%3 *. 1'%*% +34%(1. &% 3%0
5'K. &% +02+NM +*1+,.- N:0+*&% B.07-&. 3),'&. 1'%*% ,+ /'0+&+ 0%(1+ %, +40%1)*
&% /+*.3 ='0', E B0+*(.N .0L-% 3%:O* -*+ (.*10+((')* /-E (.*.('&+ ,+ 4,%*'1-&
B23'(+ B-*&+ ,+ (,+0'&+& /.0+,D 3),. -* 3%0 B-%01% 4-%&% 3%0 B0+*(. *. 3% B':-0+ L-%
Roland Barthes Mitologías

,+ %3%*('+ (./O* + 1.&.3 %3.3 40%31':'.3 %3 ,+ ='0','&+& (-E. 3-31'1-1. /.0+, %3 %,

N(+06(1%0N 0'=+, &% ,+ '*1%,':%*('+ L-% + 3- =%7 *. %3 +&/'1'&+ %* %, ('%,. 4.-K+&'31+M
%* %3% 6/>'1. 3% ,+ 0%/4,+7+ (.* -*+ ='01-& '*1%,%(1-+, 4+01'(-,+0D ,+ ,
5C0.% %* .-K+&% %3 -* 3%0 &.1+&. &% +:0%3'='&+& E /+,'('+ + ,+ =%7 QN 3 -*
/-(5+(5. ,'31.NR 31+ +31-('+ +-*L-% &% .0&%* '*1%,%(1-+, *. 0%'*10.&-(% ,+ 0+7)*
1+* +>.00%('&+ %* %, 4+*1%)* 4.-K+&'31+M ,.3 &'.3%3 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3%3 ,+ .1.0:+* . ,+
*'%:+* + 3- +*1.K. 3%:O* -* .0&%* %310'(1+/%*1% +7+0.3. , B'* E +, (+>. 3% 10+1+ &%
-* &.* (+3' B23'(. (./4+0+>,% +, .,B+1. +*'/+,M ,+ +31-('+ *. %3 /63 L-% -*+ B,.0
40%('.3+ &% ,+ B-%07+ %3% 4.&%0 =':.0.3. E 3%*3'>,% &% (+41+0 +, =-%,. QN . /%
.0'%*1. 4.0 0+&+0NR
, '*1%,%(1-+, 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. %316 (.*&%*+&. &%>'&. + 3- 4.(+ B.01-*+
(.04.0+,D %*&C3 %3 -* =%0&+&%0. &%3+310% 4+0%(% C Q&.>,%
&%340%('. &'0':'&. +, +:-+ E + ,+ &'34%43'+R %B-:'+&. %* ,+ 5'4%010.B'+ &% -*+
(+>%7+ B06:', % '*O1', 1.&. %, 3%0 '*1%,%(1-+, %316 +1+(+&. 4.0 ,+ /63 4%3+&+ &% ,+3
1+0+3 B23'(+3 ,+ $ Q3-31'1-1. (.04.0+, &% ,+ &%(+&%*('+R D +-*L-% .('.3. %316
(.*:C*'1+/%*1% B+1':+&. +32 (./. %, 4.-K+&'31+ +-*L-% ,+>.0'.3. %316 3'%/40%
&'34-%31. .* %31. 3% +,(+*7+ ,+ '&%+ 40.B-*&+ &% ,+ /.0+,'&+& &%, (-%04. 5-/+*.D
,+ '&%+ &% 0+7+ .3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 3.* -*+ 0+7+M ,.3 4.-K+&'31+3 .10+
'* %/>+0:. .-K+&% 1'%*% + 40'/%0+ ='31+ -*+ (.*(%4(')* 4+0+&)K'(+ &% ,+
0+7+ %34-C3 &% =%0'B'(+0 L-% %, B0+*(C3 /%&'. %3 40.&-(1. &% /%7(,+3 /O,1'4,%3
Q%<40%3')* (.*.('&+D 0+*('+ (0'3., &% 0+7+3R .-K+&% .4.*% .0:-,,.3+/%*1% %31+
=+0'%&+& &% .02:%*%3 + ,+ 3%(1+ %310%(5+ &% ,.3 L-% 3),. 3% 5+* (0-7+&. %*10% 32
Q%*1'C*&+3% 4.0 3-4-%31. ,.3 K-&2.3R %8+,+*&. + %*@&C3@ 0+*(% %<(,+/+D NX O
%0%3 %, 0+('31+YNM (./%*1+D N % *.3.10.3 &.3 %, O*'(. L-% 4-%&% 3%0 0+('31+ %3 C, 4-%3
C, 1'%*% -*+ 0+7+N .-K+&% 40+(1'(+ + B.*&. ,. L-% 3% 4.&02+ ,,+/+0 %, 0+('3/. &% ,+
/%7(,+ 3'* 0'%3:. 4.0 .10+ 4+01% 4-%3 ,+ N/%7(,+N 1+* 4.*&%0+&+ *-*(+ 40.&-K.
3%:O* %, /'3/. .-K+&% /63 L-% ,.3 -4.*1 ,.3 -0+*& E ,.3 .-K+&% %3 &%('0 ,.
/'3/. E ,. /'3/. ='&%*1%/%*1% ,+ '&%+ &% -*+ N0+7+N 3'*1C1'(+ %3 &% :0+* =+,.0
4-%3 4%0/'1% K-:+0 E+ 3%+ +, 3'*(0%1'3/. E+ 3%+ + ,+ 0+7+ * %, 40'/%0 (+3. .-K+&%
&'34.*% &% ,+ ='%K+ '&%+ .10.0+ 0%=.,-('.*+0'+ &% *+(')* L-% +,'/%*1) ,.3
,'>%0+,'3/.3 B0+*(%3%3 Q '(5%,%1 (.*10+ -:-31'* 5'%00E '&% (.*10+ +00%3 %1( RD
N '3 +*(%310.3 ,.3 %,1+3 ,.3 0=%0*.3 1.&.3 3% /%7(,+0.* .E %, B0-1. &%, (0'3., &%
,+3 '*=+3'.*%3 E &% ,.3 C<.&.3N * %, 3%:-*&. (+3. 0%%*(-%*10+ 3'* &'B'(-,1+& %,
.>K%1. 0+('31+ B-*&+/%*1+, ,+ 3+*:0% Q%* %31% (+3. 3.>0% 1.&. %3 ,+ 3+*:0% (%,1+ ,+ &%
% %* 3%4+0+&. 4.0 -* +>'3/. 0+('+, &% ,.3 ; G4"
. ,+ 3+*:0% :+,+ &% ,+ L-% %316 40'=+&. %*&C3R L-2 (./. %* %, (+3. &% ,+
'*1%,':%*('+ *.3 %*B0%*1+/.3 (.* -*+ &'310'>-(')* +0>'10+0'+ &% ,.3 =+,.0%3D ,+
+&'(')* &% +,:-*+3 3+*:0%3 Q,+ &% ,.3 -4.*1 ,.3 -0+*& E ,.3 .-K+&%R 40.&-(%
O*'(+/%*1% 3+*:0% 4-0+ E 4%0/'1% /+*1%*%03% %* %, .0&%* 10+*L-','7+&.0 &% -*+
3-/+ &% (+*1'&+&%3 5./.:C*%+3M 4%0. .10+3 3+*:0%3 Q%34%('+,/%*1% ,+ &% ,.3
2 3.* B%*)/%*.3 4-0+/%*1% (-+,'1+1'=.3 E 4.0 ,. 1+*1.
&%3+(0%&'1+&.3 %* %, -*'=%03. 4.-K+&'31+D *. 4-%&%* /%7(,+03% +((%&%0 + ,+
3+,=+(')* &% ,+ /+3'=+ (+*1'&+& B0+*(%3+ + ,. N(./O*N (-E. 10'-*B. *-/C0'(. 3%
.4.*% + ,+ B+1':+ &% ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 N&'31'*:-'&.3N
31+ .4.3'(')* 0+('+, %*10% ,.3 B-%01%3 E ,.3 B+1':+&.3 ,.3 :+,.3 E ,.3 +4+10'&+3 ,.
=-,:+0 E ,. &'31'*:-'&. %3 4.0 .10+ 4+01% ,+ (.*.('&+ .4.3'(')* %*10% ,+ 40.='*('+ E
+023 +023 0%3-/% 1.&. %, ='('. B0+*(C3D %, 3'31%/+ %, 3+&'3/. ,+ '*1%,%(1-+,'&+& ,+
B+1':+M N +023 %3 -* /.*310-. 4-%3 ,+ ='&+ %316 &%3%L-','>0+&+D %3 ,+ ='&+ 10%42&+*1%

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

L-% +1-0&% L-% %/>0-1%(% &% ,+ /+8+*+ + ,+ *.(5% %1( N +023 4+01'('4+ &%, /'3/.
=%*%*. &% %3+ 3-31+*('+ %3%*('+,/%*1% (-+,'1+1'=+ Q,. L-% %* .10. ,-:+0 .-K+&%
,,+/+ 3'* 3+>%0 (.* (-6*1. +('%01. ,+ &'+,C(1'(+R L-% 5%/.3 ='31. .4.*%03% +, /-*&.
(-+*1'1+1'=. &%, >-%* 3%*1'&. + 40-%>+ &%('3'=+ 4+0+ .-K+&% 3- ->'()* B-%
%*B0%*1+0 + ,+ N(-+,'&+&ND ( 0%(-4%0+0 +,,2 ,.3 &'4-1+&.3 /.&%0+&.3 &%
40.='*('+ (.00./4'&.3 4.0 ,+ (+4'1+, =%0&+&%0.3 0%*%:+&.3 &% 3- 0+7+ %34%0+&.3
(.* 5.0(+3 %* ,+ +,&%+ 31% 3+,1. &%B'*') -*+ :0+* /':0+(')* 0+('+, /63 L-% -*+
%<1%*3')* 4.,21'(+
0%*1% + 1+* (.*31+*1% 3-34'(+('+ S4.&2+ 3+,=+0 .-K+&% +,:-*+ B.0/+ &%
'*1%,%(1-+, .B0%(%0 -*+ '/+:%* '&%+, &% C, %* -*+ 4+,+>0+ 4.31-,+0 -* '*1%,%(1-+,
4.-K+&'31+T .-K+&% 3),. *.3 &'(% L-% %*10+06* %* 3- ,'/4. N,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3
&':*.3 &% %3% *./>0%N 31+/.3 4-%3 &% =-%,1+ -*+ =%7 /63 + -*+ &% %3+3 B+/.3+3
&%B'*'('.*%3 4.0 '&%*1'&+& Q ` R L-% %* =+02+3 .4.01-*'&+&%3 E %* %31% /'3/.
,-:+0 5% ,,+/+&. 1+-1.,.:2+3 %3 &%('0 &% =-%,1+ + ,+ *+&+ , +*1''*1%,%(1-+,'3/.
1%0/'*+ &% %31+ /+*%0+ %* ,+ /-%01% &%, ,%*:-+K% %3 &%('0 %* ,+ &%310-((')* &% ,+
3.('+>','&+&
+ /+E.02+ &% %31.3 1%/+3 4.-K+&'31+3 4.0 /-E 4+0+&)K'(. L-% 4+0%7(+ 3.*
1%/+3 0./6*1'(.3 &%:0+&+&.3 -+*&. .-K+&% L-'%0% &%B'*'0 +, 4-%>,. ('1+
%<1%*3+/%*1% %, 40%B+('. &% 3 > : E %, '*1%,%(1-+, ='31. 4.0 .-K+&% %3 4.(. /63
. /%*.3 %, ,%:+,'31+ E %, K%3-21+ &% '(5%,%1 %, 5./>0% 3%(. =+*. %31C0', E >-0,)*
* *-%310.3 &2+3 ,+ 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ 0%(.:% ,+ 5%0%*('+ '&%.,):'(+ &% ,+ >-0:-%32+
,'>%0+, &% +E%0 ,+ L-% +E-&) 40%('3+/%*1% + 3- 40./.(')* 3.('+,D %, 3%*1'/%*1+,'3/.
&% '(5%,%1 (.*1%*2+ *-/%0.3.3 :C0/%*%3 0%+(('.*+0'.3 +00%3 ,. 3+>2+ ' *. B-%3%
4.0 ,+ &'31+*('+ &%, 1+,%*1. .-K+&% 4.&02+ B'0/+0 *-%=+/%*1% +,:-*+3 46:'*+3 &%,
( &% '(5%,%1 Q ?R
* %, 40.>,%/+ (.*(0%1. &% ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 %, 4.-K+&'3/. &%3>.0&+
,+0:+/%*1% + .-K+&%M ,+ '&%.,.:2+ +*1B'*1%,%(1-+,'31+ (+41+ /%&'.3 4.,21'(.3 &'=%03.3
E *. %3 *%(%3+0'. 3%0 4.-K+&'31+ 4+0+ 1%*%0 .&'. + ,+ '&%+ .0L-% + ,. L-% 3% +4-*1+
%3 + (-+,L-'%0 B.0/+ &% (-,1-0+ %<4,'(+1'=+ (./40./%1'&+ E ,. L-% 3% 3+,=+ %3 ,+
(-,1-0+ N'*.(%*1%N %3+ (-E+ '*:%*-'&+& &%K+ ,+3 /+*.3 ,'>0%3 +, 1'0+*. .0 %31%
/.1'=. ,.3 %3(0'1.0%3 %* 3%*1'&. 40.4'. *. %316* %<(,-'&.3 &% ,+ B+/','+ 4.-K+&'31+
Q+,:-*.3 /-E (.*.('&.3 %*='+0.* 3-3 .>0+3 + .-K+&% (.* &%&'(+1.0'+3
5+,+:+&.0+3R . (.*&%*+&. %3 %, '*1%,%(1-+, %3 &%('0 -*+ (.*('%*('+ . /%K.0 +O*D
-*+ /'0+&+ Q .-K+&% 0%(-%0&+ %* +,:-*+ 4+01% (-6*1. 3-B02+ %* %, ,'(%. 4.0L-% ,.
/'0+>+* 3-3 &'3(24-,.3R U-% *+&'% *.3 /'0% 1+, %3 %, 40'*('4'. &%,
+*1''*1%,%(1-+,'3/. 4.-K+&'31+ ),. L-% &%3&% %, 4-*1. &% ='31+ &%, %1*),.:. ,+3
(.*&-(1+3 &% '*1%:0+(')* E %<(,-3')* 3.* (,+0+/%*1% (./4,%/%*1+0'+3 E %* -*
3%*1'&. L-% C, *' ,. '/+:'*+ .-K+&% 1'%*% *%(%3'&+& &% ,.3 '*1%,%(1-+,%3 ' ,.3
(.*&%*+ ,. 5+(% 4.0 (.*3'&%0+0,.3 -* /+, /6:'(.D %* ,+ 3.('%&+& 4.-K+&'31+ %,
'*1%,%(1-+, (-/4,% ,+ 4+01% /+,&'1+ E *%(%3+0'+ &% -* 5%(5'(%0. &%:0+&+&.

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

! $

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

SU-C %3 -* /'1. %* ,+ +(1-+,'&+&T +0C -*+ 40'/%0+ 0%34-%31+ /-E 3'/4,% L-%
(.'*('&% 4%0B%(1+/%*1% (.* 3- %1'/.,.:2+D

" +

,+0. L-% *. 3% 10+1+ &% (-+,L-'%0 5+>,+D %, ,%*:-+K% *%(%3'1+ (.*&'('.*%3

4+01'(-,+0%3 4+0+ (.*=%01'03% %* /'1. % %31+3 (.*&'('.*%3 5+>,+0%/.3 %* 3%:-'&+
%0. ,. L-% &%3&% E+ 3+>%/.3 4,+*1%+0 (./. B-*&+/%*1+, %3 L-% %, /'1. (.*31'1-E%
-* 3'31%/+ &% (./-*'(+(')* -* /%*3+K% 31. '*&'(+ L-% %, /'1. *. 4.&02+ 3%0 -*
.>K%1. -* (.*(%41. . -*+ '&%+M 3% 10+1+ &% -* /.&. &% 3':*'B'(+(')* &% -*+ B.0/+
63 +&%,+*1% 5+>06 L-% '/4.*%0 + %31+ B.0/+ ,2/'1%3 5'31)0'(.3 (.*&'('.*%3 &%
%/4,%. 0%'*=%31'0 %* %,,+ ,+ 3.('%&+&M *+&+ '/4'&% 3'* %/>+0:. L-% %* -* 40'*('4'.
,+ &%3(0'>+/.3 (./. B.0/+
%02+ 1.1+,/%*1% ',-3.0'. 40%1%*&%0 -*+ &'3(0'/'*+(')* 3-31+*('+, %*10% ,.3
.>K%1.3 /21'(.3D 3' %H /'1. %3 -* 5+>,+ 1.&. ,. L-% K-31'B'L-% -* &'3(-03. 4-%&% 3%0
/'1. , /'1. *. 3% &%B'*% 4.0 %, .>K%1. &% 3- /%*3+K% 3'*. 4.0 ,+ B.0/+ %* L-% 3% ,.
40.B'%0%D 3-3 ,2/'1%3 3.* B.0/+,%3 *. 3-31+*('+,%3 S *1.*(%3 1.&. 4-%&% 3%0 -*
/'1.T 2 E. (0%. L-% 32 4.0L-% %, -*'=%03. %3 '*B'*'1+/%*1% 3-:%31'=. +&+ .>K%1.
&%, /-*&. 4-%&% 4+3+0 &% -*+ %<'31%*('+ (%00+&+ /-&+ + -* %31+&. .0+, +>'%01. +
,+ +40.4'+(')* &% ,+ 3.('%&+& 4-%3 *'*:-*+ ,%E *+1-0+, . *. '/4'&% 5+>,+0 &% ,+3
(.3+3 * 60>., %3 -* 60>., . (+>% &-&+ %0. -* 60>., *+00+&. 4.0 '*.- 0.-%1
&%K+ &% 3%0 %310'(1+/%*1% -* 60>., 03 -* 60>., &%(.0+&. +&+41+&. + -* &%1%0/'*+&.
(.*3-/. '*=%31'&. &% (./4,+(%*('+3 ,'1%0+0'+3 &% 0%>-3(+/'%*1.3 &% '/6:%*%3 %*
3-/+ &% -* 3.('+, L-% 3% +:0%:+ + ,+ 4-0+ /+1%0'+
.0 3-4-%31. *. 1.&. .(-00% %* %, /'3/. /./%*1.D +,:-*.3 .>K%1.3 3%
(.*='%01%* %* 40%3+ &% ,+ 4+,+>0+ /21'(+ &-0+*1% -* 1'%/4. ,-%:. &%3+4+0%(%* E
.10.3 .(-4+* 3- ,-:+0 +((%&%* +, /'1. S . %<'31%* .>K%1.3 $ 3-:%31'=.3
(./. &%(2+ +-&%,+'0% 0%B'0'C*&.3% + ,+ /-K%0T . *. ,. (0%. % 4-%&%* (.*(%>'0
/'1.3 /-E +*1':-.3 4%0. *. 5+E /'1.3 %1%0*.3 -%31. L-% ,+ 5'31.0'+ 5-/+*+ %3 ,+
L-% 5+(% 4+3+0 ,. 0%+, +, %31+&. &% 5+>,+ 3),. %,,+ 0%:-,+ ,+ ='&+ E ,+ /-%01% &%,
,%*:-+K% /21'(. %K+*+ - *. ,+ /'1.,.:2+ 3),. 4-%&% 1%*%0 B-*&+/%*1. 5'31)0'(.
4-%3 %, /'1. %3 -* 5+>,+ %,%:'&+ 4.0 ,+ 5'31.0'+D *. 3-0:% &% ,+ N*+1-0+,%7+N &% ,+3
(.3+3
31% 5+>,+ %3 -* /%*3+K% E 4.0 ,. 1+*1. *. *%(%3+0'+/%*1% &%>% 3%0 .0+,M 4-%&%
%31+0 B.0/+&+ &% %3(0'1-0+3 E 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3D %, &'3(-03. %3(0'1. +32 (./. ,+
B.1.:0+B2+ %, ('*% %, 0%4.01+K% %, &%4.01% ,.3 %34%(16(-,.3 ,+ 4->,'('&+& 1.&. 4-%&%
3%0='0 &% 3.4.01% 4+0+ %, 5+>,+ /21'(+ , /'1. *. 4-%&% &%B'*'03% *' 4.0 3- .>K%1. *'
4.0 3- /+1%0'+ 4-%31. L-% (-+,L-'%0 /+1%0'+ 4-%&% 3%0 &.1+&+ +0>'10+0'+/%*1% &%
3':*'B'(+(')*D ,+ B,%(5+ L-% 3% %*10%:+ 4+0+ 3':*'B'(+0 -* &%3+B2. %3 1+/>'C* -* 5+>,+
'* &-&+ %* %, .0&%* &% ,+ 4%0(%4(')* ,+ '/+:%* E ,+ %3(0'1-0+ 4.0 %K%/4,. *.
0%L-'%0%* %, /'3/. 1'4. &% (.*('%*('+ + '/+:%* + 3- =%7 %3 3-3(%41'>,% &% /-(5.3
/.&.3 &% ,%(1-0+D -* %3L-%/+ 3% 40%31+ + ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* /-(5. /63 L-% -* &'>-K.
-*+ '/'1+(')* /63 L-% -* .0':'*+, -*+ (+0'(+1-0+ /63 L-% -* 0%10+1. %0.
K-31+/%*1% E+ *. 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ B.0/+ 1%)0'(+ &% 0%40%3%*1+(')*D 3% 10+1+ &%

% /% .>K%1+06* /', .10.3 3%*1'&.3 &% ,+ 4+,+>0+ %0. E. 5% >-3(+&. &%B'*'0 (.3+3 E *. 4+,+>0+3
Roland Barthes Mitologías

'/+:%* .B0%('&+ 4+0+ 3':*'B'(+(')* + 4+,+>0+ /21'(+ %316 (.*31'1-'&+ 4.0 -*+
/+1%0'+ 10+>+K+&+ 4%*3+*&. %* -*+ (./-*'(+(')* +40.4'+&+ .0 %3. 1.&.a ,.3
/+1%0'+,%3 &%, /'1. 3%+* 0%40%3%*1+1'=.3 . :06B'(.3 40%3-4.*%* -*+ (.*('%*('+
3':*'B'(+*1% L-% 4-%&% 0+7.*+0 3.>0% %,,.3 '*&%4%*&'%*1%/%*1% &% 3- /+1%0'+ ,+0.
L-% %31+ /+1%0'+ *. %3 '*&'B%0%*1%D ,+ '/+:%* 3'* &-&+ %3 /63 '/4%0+1'=+ L-% ,+
%3(0'1-0+ '/4.*% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* %* >,.L-% 3'* +*+,'7+0,+ *' &'34%03+0,+ %0. %31.
*. %3 -*+ &'B%0%*('+(')* (.*31'1-1'=+ + '/+:%* &%='%*% %3(0'1-0+ + 4+01'0 &%,
/./%*1. %* L-% %3 3':*'B'(+1'=+D (./. ,+ %3(0'1-0+ 3-4.*% -*+ 1
.0 ,. 1+*1. %* +&%,+*1% %*1%*&%0%/.3 4.0 , %1( 1.&+
-*'&+& . 1.&+ 32*1%3'3 3':*'B'(+1'=+ 3%+ =%0>+, . ='3-+,M 4+0+ *.3.10.3 -*+ B.1.:0+B2+
3%06 -* 5+>,+ &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ L-% -* +012(-,. &% 4%0')&'(. +31+ ,.3 .>K%1.3
4.&06* 10+*3B.0/+03% %* 5+>,+ 3'%/40% L-% 3':*'B'L-%* +,:. 31+ B.0/+ :%*C0'(+ &%
(.*(%>'0 %, ,%*:-+K% %316 K-31'B'(+&+ +&%/63 4.0 ,+ 5'31.0'+ &% ,+3 %3(0'1-0+3D +*1%3 &%
,+ '*=%*(')* &% *-%310. +,B+>%1. .>K%1.3 (.0*. %, L-'4O '*(+ . &'>-K.3 (./. ,.3
4'(1.:0+/+3 (.*31'1-E%0.* 5+>,+3 0%:-,+0%3 31. *. 3':*'B'(+ L-% &%>+/.3 10+1+0 %,
5+>,+ /21'(+ (./. 3' B-%0+ ,+ ,%*:-+D %* 0%+,'&+& %, /'1. 4%01%*%(% + -*+ ('%*('+
:%*%0+, L-% '*(,-E% + ,+ ,'*:V231'(+D ,+

&

* %B%(1. (./. %31-&'. &% -* 5+>,+ ,+ /'1.,.:2+ *. %3 /63 L-% -* B0+:/%*1.

&% %3+ =+31+ ('%*('+ &% ,.3 3':*.3 L-% +-33-0% 4.31-,) 5+(% -*.3 (-+0%*1+ +8.3 >+K.
%, *./>0% &% + 3%/'.,.:2+ *. %316 1.&+=2+ (.*31'1-'&+ '* %/>+0:.
&%3&% %, 40.4'. +-33-0% E + =%(%3 '*&%4%*&'%*1%/%*1% &+ C, -*+ >-%*+ 4+01% &% ,+
'*=%31':+(')* (.*1%/4.06*%+ =-%,=% 0%'1%0+&+/%*1% +, 40.>,%/+ &% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')*M
%, 43'(.+*6,'3'3 %, %310-(@1-0+,'3/. ,+ 43'(.,.:2+ %'&C1'(+ +,:-*+3 *-%=+3 1%*1+1'=+3
&% (021'(+ ,'1%0+0'+ &% ,+3 L-% +(5%,+0& %3 %, %K%/4,. 3),. 3% '*1%0%3+* %* %31-&'+0 %,
5%(5. %* ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% 3':*'B'(+ 4.31-,+0 -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* %3 0%(-00'0 + ,+
3%/'.,.:2+ . L-'%0. &%('0 (.* %31. L-% ,+ 3%/'.,.:2+ 4.&02+ 0%3.,=%0 &% ,+ /'3/+
/+*%0+ 1.&+3 %31+3 '*=%31':+('.*%3 4-%3 (+&+ -*+ &% %,,+3 1'%*% (.*1%*'&.3
&'B%0%*1%3 %0. 32 1.&+3 1'%*%* -*+ (+0+(1%0231'(+ (./O* 1.&+3 3.* ('%*('+3 &%
=+,.0%3M *. 3% ,'/'1+* + %*(.*10+0 %, 5%(5. 3'*. L-% ,. &%B'*%* E ,. %<4,.0+* (./. -*
"
+ 3%/'.,.:2+ %3 -*+ ('%*('+ &% ,+3 B.0/+3 4-%31. L-% %31-&'+ ,+3
3':*'B'(+('.*%3 '*&%4%*&'%*1%/%*1% &% 3- (.*1%*'&. U-'3'%0+ &%('0 +,:-*+3 4+,+>0+3
3.>0% ,+ *%(%3'&+& E ,.3 ,2/'1%3 &% -*+ ('%*('+ B.0/+, &% 1+, *+1-0+,%7+ + *%(%3'&+&
%3 '&C*1'(+ + ,+ &% (-+,L-'%0 ,%*:-+K% %<+(1. ^&+*.= 3.,2+ >-0,+03% &%, B',)3.B.
,%<+*&0.= L-'%* 5+>,+>+ &% N,+ %310-(1-0+ %3BC0'(+ &% *-%310. 4,+*%1+N N +31+
+5.0+ 4+0%(2+ P+B'0/+ ^&+*.=P L-% 3),. ,+ B.0/+ 4.&2+ 3%0 %3BC0'(+ N ^&+*.= 1%*2+
0+7)* . 3% 4-%&% 5+>,+0 &% %310-(1-0+3 %* 1C0/'*.3 &% B.0/+3 E + ,+ '*=%03+ 3
4.3'>,% L-% ,+ N='&+N 3),. 3%+ -*+ 1.1+,'&+& '*&'3(%0*'>,% &% %310-(1-0+3 E B.0/+3
%0. ,+ ('%*('+ %3 '*(./4+1'>,% (.* ,. '*%B+>,%D *%(%3'1+ &%('0 ,+ N='&+N 3' L-'%0%
10+*3B.0/+0,+ .*10+ -* ('%01. L-'K.1'3/. &% ,+ 32*1%3'3 ,+/%*1+>,%/%*1% 4.0 .10+
4+01% 4,+1)*'(. ,+ (021'(+ &%>% (.*3%*1'0 ,+ +3(%3'3 %, +01'B'('. &%, +*6,'3'3 E %* %,
+*6,'3'3 +40.4'+03% &% /C1.&.3 E ,%*:-+K%3 ' ,+ (021'(+ 5'31)0'(+ *. 3% 5->'%0+
3%*1'&. 1+* +1%00.0'7+&+ 4.0 %, B+*1+3/+ &%, NB.0/+,'3/.N 1+, =%7 5+>02+ 3'&. /%*.3
%31C0',M 5+>02+ (./40%*&'&. L-% %, %31-&'. %34%(2B'(. &% ,+3 B.0/+3 *. (.*10+&'(% %*

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+>3.,-1. ,.3 40'*('4'.3 *%(%3+0'.3 &% ,+ 1.1+,'&+& E &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ .0 %, (.*10+0'.D

(-+*&. -* 3'31%/+ %3 /63 %34%(2B'(+/%*1% &%B'*'&. %* 3-3 B.0/+3 /63 &)(', 3%
/-%310+ + ,+ (021'(+ 5'31)0'(+ +0.&'+*&. -* &'(5. (.*.('&. &'0C L-% -* 4.(. &%
B.0/+,'3/. +,%K+ &% ,+ 5'31.0'+M /-(5. +(%0(+ S <'31% /%K.0 %K%/4,. &% -*+ (021'(+
1.1+, L-% ,+ &%3(0'4(')* P+ ,+ =%7 B.0/+, % 5'31)0'(+ 3%/'.,):'(+ % '&%.,):'(+P &% ,+
3+*1'&+& L-% 3% %*(-%*10+ %* %, = 9 &% +010%T , 4%,':0. 0%3'&% %* (.*3'&%0+0
,+3 B.0/+3 (./. .>K%1.3 +/>':-.3 3%/'B.0/+3 E 3%/'3-31+*('+3 %* &.1+0 + ,+ B.0/+
&% -*+ 3-31+*('+ &% B.0/+ (./. ,. 5'7. %, 0%+,'3/. 7&+*.='31+ + 3%/'.,.:2+
(%*10+&+ %* 3-3 ,2/'1%3 *. %3 -*+ 10+/4+ /%1+B23'(+D %3 -*+ ('%*('+ %*10% .10+3
*%(%3+0'+ +-*L-% *. 3-B'('%*1% . '/4.01+*1% %3 (./40%*&%0 L-% ,+ -*'&+& &% -*+
%<4,'(+(')* *. 0%3'&% %* ,+ +/4-1+(')* &% +,:-*+ &% 3-3 +40.<'/+('.*%3 3'*. %* ,+
(..0&'*+(')* &'+,C(1'(+ &% ,+3 ('%*('+3 %34%('+,%3 L-% 3% '/4,'(+* %* %,,+ 1+, (./.
4.31-,+ *:%,3 31. .(-00% (.* ,+ /'1.,.:2+D B.0/+ 4+01% &% ,+ 3%/'.,.:2+ (./.
('%*('+ B.0/+, E &% ,+ '&%.,.:2+ (./. ('%*('+ 5'31)0'(+M %31-&'+ ,+3 '&%+3 (./. B.0/+
%02+ O1', 0%(.0&+0 L-% ,+ 3%/'.,.:2+ 4.31-,+ -*+ 0%,+(')* %*10% &.3 1C0/'*.3 -*
3':*'B'(+*1% E -* 3':*'B'(+&. 31+ 0%,+(')* 3% +4.E+ %* .>K%1.3 &% .0&%* &'B%0%*1%M
4.0 %3. &%('/.3 L-% *. 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ ':-+,&+& 3'*. &% -*+ %L-'=+,%*('+ '%*10+3
%, ,%*:-+K% (./O* /% &'(% 3'/4,%/%*1% L-% %, 3':*'B'(+*1% 1 %, 3':*'B'(+&. %*
(-+,L-'%0 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. *. *.3 %*(.*10+/.3 (.* &.3 3'*. (.* 10%3 1C0/'*.3
&'B%0%*1%3 . L-% 3% (+41+ *. %3 -* 1C0/'*. 4.0 3%4+0+&. -*. E ,-%:. %, .10. 3'*. ,+
(.00%,+(')* L-% ,.3 -*%D 1%*%/.3 %*1.*(%3 %, 3':*'B'(+*1% %, 3':*'B'(+&. E %, 3':*.
L-% (.*31'1-E% %, 1.1+, +3.('+1'=. &% ,.3 &.3 40'/%0.3 1C0/'*.3 ./%/.3 (./.
%K%/4,. -* 0+/. &% 0.3+3D E. ,% 5+:. $ /' 4+3')* S % 10+1+ &% -* 3':*'B'(+*1%
E -* 3':*'B'(+&. ,+3 0.3+3 E /' 4+3')*T . *' 3'L-'%0+ %3.M %* 0%+,'&+& ,. O*'(. L-%
1%*:. 3.* 0.3+3 N4+3'.*+,'7+&+3N %0. %* %, 4,+*. &%, +*6,'3'3 %<'31%* %B%(1'=+/%*1%
10%3 1C0/'*.3M %3+3 0.3+3 (+0:+&+3 &% 4+3')* 3% &%K+* &%3(./4.*%0 4%0B%(1+/%*1% %*
0.3+3 E %* 4+3')*M -*+3 E .10+ %<'312+* +*1%3 &% -*'03% E B.0/+0 %3% 1%0(%0 .>K%1. L-%
%3 %, 3':*. 32 (./. %3 ('%01. L-% %* %, 4,+*. &% ,. ='='&. *. 4-%&. &'3.('+0 ,+3
0.3+3 &%, /%*3+K% L-% (.*,,%=+* &%, /'3/. /.&. %* %, 4,+*. &%, +*6,'3'3 *. 4-%&.
(.*B-*&'0 ,+3 0.3+3 (./. 3':*'B'(+*1% E ,+3 0.3+3 (./. 3':*.D %, 3':*'B'(+*1% %3 5-%(.
%, 3':*. %3 /+('7. %3 -* 3%*1'&. !%+/.3 .10. %K%/4,.D + -*+ 4'%&0+ *%:0+ 4-%&.
5+(%0,+ 3':*'B'(+0 &% /-(5+3 /+*%0+3 4-%31. L-% 3% 10+1+ &% -* 3'/4,% 3':*'B'(+*1%
%0. 3' ,+ (+0:. &% -* 3':*'B'(+&. &%B'*'1'=. Q4.0 %K%/4,. (.*&%*+ + /-%01% %* -*
=.1. +*)*'/.R 3% (.*=%01'06 %* -* 3':*. *10% %, 3':*'B'(+*1% %, 3':*'B'(+&. E %,
3':*. %<'31%* *+1-0+,/%*1% '/4,'(+('.*%3 B-*('.*+,%3 Q(./. &% ,+ 4+01% +, 1.&.R 1+*
%310%(5+3 L-% %, +*6,'3'3 4-%&% 4+0%(%0 '*O1',M 3'* %/>+0:. %* 3%:-'&+ =%0%/.3 L-%
%31+ &'31'*(')* 1'%*% -*+ '/4.01+*('+ (+4'1+, 4+0+ %, %31-&'. &%, /'1. (./. %3L-%/+
3%/'.,):'(.
+1-0+,/%*1% %31.3 10%3 1C0/'*.3 3.* 4-0+/%*1% B.0/+,%3 E 3% ,%3 4-%&%
+&K-&'(+0 (.*1%*'&.3 &'B%0%*1%3 ,:-*.3 %K%/4,.3D 4+0+ +-33-0% L-% 10+>+K) -*
3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. 4+01'(-,+0 +-*L-% /%1.&.,):'(+/%*1% %K%/4,+0 ,+ ,%*:-+ %,
3':*'B'(+&. %3 %, (.*(%41. %, 3':*'B'(+*1% ,+ '/+:%* +(O31'(+ Q&% .0&%* 432L-'(.R E ,+

, &%3+00.,,. &% ,+ 4->,'('&+& &% ,+ 40%*3+ &% ,+ 0+&'. &% ,+ '/+:%* 3'* 5+>,+0 &% ,+ 3-4%0='=%*('+
&% -*+ '*B'*'&+& &% 0'1.3 (./-*'(+1'=.3 Q0'1.3 &% ,+ +4+0'%*('+ 3.('+,R 5+(% /63 -0:%*1% L-% *-*(+ ,+
(.*31'1-(')* &% -*+ ('%*('+ 3%/'.,):'(+ S -6*1.3 (+/4.3 0%+,/%*1% $ 0%(.00%/.3 %* -*
&2+T .(.3 *'*:-*. 1+, =%7 31.E B0%*1% +, /+0M %3 '*&-&+>,% L-% %* 3' /'3/. *. /% 10+*3/'1%
*'*:O* /%*3+K% %0. (-6*1. /+1%0'+, 3%/'.,):'(. %* ,+ 4,+E+Y +*&%0'*%3 '*3(0'4('.*%3 (+01%,%3
=%31'/%*1+3 5+31+ -* >0.*(%+&. 1.&. /% %*=2+ /%*3+K%3
Roland Barthes Mitologías

0%,+(')* &% (.*(%41. % '/+:%* %, 3':*. Q,+ 4+,+>0+ 4.0 %K%/4,.R . %*1'&+& (.*(0%1+
+0+ 0%-& (./. 3% 3+>% %, 43'L-'3/. %3 -* %34%3.0 &% %L-'=+,%*('+3 -* "
* 1C0/'*. Q/% +>31%*:. &% .1.0:+0,% 40%%/'*%*('+R %316 (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 %, 3%*1'&.
/+*'B'%31. &% ,+ (.*&-(1+ .10. 4.0 3- 3%*1'&. ,+1%*1% . 3%*1'&. 40.4'. Q4.0 %K%/4,.
%, 3-310+1. &%, 3-%8.RM %, 1%0(%0 1C0/'*. %3 1+/>'C* -*+ (.00%,+(')* &% ,.3 &.3
40'/%0.3D %3 %, 3-%8. %* 32 /'3/. %* 3- 1.1+,'&+& %, +(1. B+,,'&. . ,+ *%-0.3'3
(.*(%>'&.3 (./. (./40./'3.3 (./. %(.*./2+3 .4%0+&+3 :0+('+3 + ,+ -*')* &% -*+
B.0/+ Q40'/%0 1C0/'*.R E &% -*+ B-*(')* '*1%*('.*+, Q3%:-*&. 1C0/'*.R % 4-%&%
.>3%0=+0 %* L-C /%&'&+ %3 *%(%3+0'. &'31'*:-'0 %, 3':*. &%, 3':*'B'(+*1%D %, 3-%8.
4+0+ 0%-& *' %3 3- &+1. /+*'B'%31. *' 3- (.*1%*'&. ,+1%*1%M %3 %, =2*(-,. B-*('.*+,
&% ,.3 &.3 1C0/'*.3 '*+,/%*1% %* ,+ (021'(+ 3+010%+*+ Q/% ,'/'1+0C + %31.3 10%3
%K%/4,.3 (.*.('&.3R %, 3':*'B'(+&. %316 (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 ,+ (0'3'3 .0':'*+, &%, 3-K%1. Q,+
3%4+0+(')* ,%K.3 &% ,+ /+&0% %* +-&%,+'0% ,+ &%*./'*+(')* &%, 0.>. %* %*%1RM ,+
,'1%0+1-0+ (./. &'3(-03. B.0/+ %, 3':*'B'(+*1% E ,+ 0%,+(')* &% ,+ (0'3'3 E &%, &'3(-03.
&%B'*% ,+ .>0+ L-% (.*31'1-E% -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* .0 ('%01. L-% %31% %3L-%/+
10'&'/%*3'.*+, 4.0 (.*31+*1% L-% 3%+ %* 3- B.0/+ *. 3% 0%+,'7+ &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+D
3'%/40% %3 .4.01-*. 0%4%1'0 L-% ,+ 3%/'.,.:2+ 3),. 4-%&% 1%*%0 -*'&+&%3 + *'=%, &%
,+3 B.0/+3 E *. &% ,.3 (.*1%*'&.3M 3- (+/4. %3 ,'/'1+&. 3% +3'%*1+ 3.>0% -* ,%*:-+K%
0%+,'7+ -*+ 3.,+ .4%0+(')*D ,+ ,%(1-0+ . %, &%3('B0+/'%*1.
* %, /'1. 0%%*(.*10+/.3 %, %3L-%/+ 10'&'/%*3'.*+, +, L-% +(+>. &% 0%B%0'0/%D
%, 3':*'B'(+*1% %, 3':*'B'(+&. E %, 3':*. %0. %, /'1. %3 -* 3'31%/+ 4+01'(-,+0 4.0
(-+*1. 3% %&'B'(+ + 4+01'0 &% -*+ (+&%*+ 3%/'.,):'(+ L-% %<'31% 40%='+/%*1%D
. L-% (.*31'1-E% %, 3':*. Q%3 &%('0 %, 1.1+, +3.('+1'=. &%
-* (.*(%41. E &% -*+ '/+:%*R %* %, 40'/%0 3'31%/+ 3% =-%,=% 3'/4,% 3':*'B'(+*1% %*
%, 3%:-*&. %(.0&%/.3 +L-2 L-% ,+3 /+1%0'+3 &%, 5+>,+ /21'(+ Q,%*:-+ 40.4'+/%*1%
&'(5+ B.1.:0+B2+ 4'*1-0+ (+01%, 0'1. .>K%1. %1( R 4.0 &'B%0%*1%3 L-% 3%+* %* -*
40'*('4'. E &%3&% %, /./%*1. %* L-% 3.* (+41+&+3 4.0 %, /'1. 3% 0%&-(%* + -*+ 4-0+
B-*(')* 3':*'B'(+*1%D %, /'1. %*(-%*10+ ,+ /'3/+ /+1%0'+ 40'/+M 3- -*'&+& (.*3'31%
%* L-% 3.* 0%&-('&+3 +, 3'/4,% %31+1-1. &% ,%*:-+K% % 10+1% &% :0+B2+ &% ,%10+3 . &%
:0+B2+ 4'(1)0'(+ %, /'1. 3),. 0%(.*.(% %* %,,+3 -*+ 3-/+ &% 3':*.3 -* 3':*. :,.>+, %,
1C0/'*. B'*+, &% -*+ 40'/%0+ (+&%*+ 3%/'.,):'(+ %3 40%('3+/%*1% %31% 1C0/'*.
B'*+, %, L-% =+ + (.*=%01'0,% %* 40'/%0 1C0/'*. . 1C0/'*. 4+0('+, &%, 3'31%/+
+/4,'B'(+&. L-% %&'B'(+ 3 (./. 3' %, /'1. &%34,+7+0+ &% *'=%, +, 3'31%/+ B.0/+, &%
,+3 40'/%0+3 3 -*'B'(+('.*%3 ./. %31+ 10+3,+(')* %3 (+4'1+, 4+0+ %Y +*6,'3'3 &%, /'1.
,+ 0%40%3%*1+0C &% ,+ /+*%0+ 3':-'%*1% 5+('%*&. ,+ 3+,=%&+& &% L-% ,+
%34+('+,'7+(')* &%, %3L-%/+ 3),. (.*31'1-E% -*+ 3'/4,% /%16B.0+D

./. 3% =% %<'31%* %* %, /'1. &.3 3'31%/+3 3%/'.,):'(.3 &% ,.3 (-+,%3 -*. %316

+ *.(')* &% %3 -*+ &% ,+a /63 &'3(-1'&+ %* ,'*:V231'(+ + /+*1%*:. 4+0+ 3'/4,'B'(+0
Roland Barthes Mitologías

&%3%*(+K+&. 0%34%(1. +, .10.D -* 3'31%/+ ,'*:V231'(. ,+ ,%*:-+ Q. ,.3 /.&.3 &%

0%40%3%*1+(')* L-% ,% 3.* +3'/',+&.3R L-% ,,+/+0C , , 4.0L-% %3 %,
,%*:-+K% &%, L-% %, /'1. 3% 1./+ 4+0+ (.*310-'0 3- 40.4'. 3'31%/+M E %, /'1. /'3/.
L-% ,,+/+0C /%1+,%*:-+K% 4.0L-% %3 -*+ 3%:-*&+ ,%*:-+ 3% 5+>,+ &% ,+
40'/%0+ , 0%B,%<'.*+0 3.>0% -* /%1+,%*:-+K% %, 3%/'),.:. E+ *. 1'%*% L-%
40%:-*1+03% 3.>0% ,+ (./4.3'(')* &%, ,%*:-+K% .>K%1. E+ *. *%(%3'1+ 1%*%0 %* (-%*1+
%, &%1+,,% &%, %3L-%/+ ,'*:V231'(.D 1%*&06 L-% (.*.(%0 3),. %, 1C0/'*. 1.1+, . 3':*.
:,.>+, E O*'(+/%*1% %* ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% %31% 1C0/'*. 3% 40%31% +, /'1. .0 %31+
0+7)* %, 3%/'),.:. %316 +-1.0'7+&. + 10+1+0 &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ ,+ %3(0'1-0+ E ,+
'/+:%*D ,. L-% 0%1'%*% &% %,,+3 %3 L-% +/>+3 3.* ,,%:+* +, -/>0+, &%, /'1.
&.1+&+3 &% ,+ /'3/+ B-*(')* 3':*'B'(+*1% -*+ E .10+ (.*31'1-E%* -* ,%*:-+K% .>K%1.
.*3'&%0%/.3 -*. . &.3 %K%/4,.3 &% 5+>,+ /21'(+ , 40'/%0. ,. 1./+0C &% -*+
.>3%0=+(')* &% !+,C0ED 3.E +,-/*. &% L-'*1. %* -* ,'(%. B0+*(C3M +>0. /' :0+/61'(+
,+1'*+ E ,%. -*+ B0+3% 1./+&+ &% 3.4. . &% %&0+D " % &%1%*:. E
4'%*3.D %* %31+ 40.4.3'(')* 5+E -*+ +/>':V%&+& .0 -*+ 4+01% ,+3 4+,+>0+3 1'%*%*
-* 3%*1'&. 3'/4,%D .0 .10+ 4+01% ,+ B0+3% %316 /+*'B'%31+/%*1%
+,,2 4+0+ 3':*'B'(+0/% .10+ (.3+D %* ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% 3% &'0':% + /2 +,-/*. &%
L-'*1. /% &'(% (,+0+/%*1%D 3.E -* %K%/4,. &% :0+/61'(+ &%31'*+&. + ',-310+0 ,+ 0%:,+
&% (.*(.0&+*('+ &%, +10'>-1. 31.E '*(,-3'=% B.07+&. + 0%(.*.(%0 L-% ,+ B0+3% *. /%
$ %* +>3.,-1. 3- 3%*1'&. >-3(+ %3(+3+/%*1% 5+>,+0/% &%, ,%)* E &% ,+ /+*%0+
(./. 3% *./>0+M 3- 3':*'B'(+(')* =%0&+&%0+ E O,1'/+ %3 ,+ &% '/4.*%03% + /2 (./.
40%3%*('+ &% -*+ 4+01'(-,+0 (.*(.0&+*('+ &%, +10'>-1. ' (.*(,-3')* %3 L-% %31.E
B0%*1% + -* 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. 4+01'(-,+0 +/4,'+&. 4.0L-% %3 %<1%*3'=. + ,+
,%*:-+ <'31% -* 3':*'B'(+*1% 4%0. %3% 3':*'B'(+*1% %316 B.0/+&. 4.0 -*+ 3-/+ &%
3':*.3 %3 %* 32 /'3/. -* 40'/%0 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. 0 2 .0 ,. &%/63 %,
%3L-%/+ B.0/+, 3% &%3+00.,,+ (.00%(1+/%*1%D 5+E -* 3':*'B'(+&. 0 ,
% 2 E -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* :,.>+, L-% %3 40%('3+/%*1% ,+ (.00%,+(')* &%,
3':*'B'(+*1% E %, 3':*'B'(+&.M 4.0L-% *' ,+ &%*./'*+(')* &%, ,%)* *' %, %K%/4,. &%
:0+/61'(+ /% 3.* &+&.3 3%4+0+&+/%*1%
!%+/.3 .10. %K%/4,.D %31.E %* ,+ 4%,-L-%02+ /% .B0%(%* -* *O/%0. &% ( !
* ,+ 4.01+&+ -* K.=%* *%:0. =%31'&. (.* -*'B.0/% B0+*(C3 5+(% ,+ =%*'+ (.*
,.3 .K.3 ,%=+*1+&.3 B'K.3 3'* &-&+ %* ,.3 4,'%:-%3 &% ,+ >+*&%0+ 10'(.,.0 +, %, 3%*1'&.
&% ,+ '/+:%* '* %/>+0:. '*:%*-. . *. 4%0('>. (.00%(1+/%*1% ,. L-% /% 3':*'B'(+D
L-% 0+*('+ %3 -* :0+* '/4%0'. L-% 1.&.3 3-3 5'K.3 3'* &'31'*(')* &% (.,.0 3'0=%*
B'%,/%*1% >+K. 3- >+*&%0+ E L-% *. 5+E /%K.0 0%34-%31+ + ,.3 &%10+(1.0%3 &% -*
40%1%*&'&. (.,.*'+,'3/. L-% %, (%,. &% %3% *%:0. %* 3%0='0 + 3-3 40%1%*&'&.3
.40%3.0%3 % %*(-%*10. -*+ =%7 /63 +*1% -* 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. +/4,'B'(+&.D
%<'31% -* 3':*'B'(+*1% B.0/+&. + 3- =%7 40%='+/%*1% &% -* 3'31%/+ 0
2: 5+E -* 3':*'B'(+&. Q%* %31% (+3. -*+ /%7(,+ '*1%*('.*+, &% B0+*(%3'&+&
E /','1+0'&+&R E B'*+,/%*1% -*+ &%, 3':*'B'(+&. + 10+=C3 &%, 3':*'B'(+*1%
*1%3 &% 4+3+0 +, +*6,'3'3 &% (+&+ 1C0/'*. &%, 3'3 1%/+ /21'(. %3 (.*=%*'%*1%
4.*%03% &% +(-%0&. 3.>0% -*+ 1%0/'*.,.:2+ +>%/.3 +5.0+ L-% %, 3':*'B'(+*1% %* %,
/'1. 4-%&% 3%0 (.*3'&%0+&. &%3&% &.3 4-*1.3 &% ='31+D (./. 1C0/'*. B'*+, &%,
3'31%/+ ,'*:V231'(. . (./. 1C0/'*. '*'('+, &%, 3'31%/+ /21'(. %(%3'1+/.3 4.0 ,.
1+*1. &.3 *./>0%3D %* %, 4,+*. &% ,+ ,%*:-+ %3 &%('0 (./. 1C0/'*. B'*+, &%, 40'/%0
3'31%/+ +, 3':*'B'(+*1% ,. &%3':*+0C 0

H 4 9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

$ 2: %* %, 4,+*. &%, /'1. ,. &%3':*+0C $ %34%(1. +, 3':*'B'(+&. *. 5+E

+/>':V%&+& 4.3'>,%D ,% &%K+0%/.3 %, *./>0% &% , 1%0(%0 1C0/'*. %3 ,+
(.00%,+(')* &% ,.3 &.3 40'/%0.3D %* %, 3'31%/+ &% ,+ ,%*:-+ %3 %, 3':*. %0. *.
4.&%/.3 0%1./+0 %31+ 4+,+>0+ 3'* L-% 3% 40.&-7(+ +/>':V%&+& E+ L-% %* %, /'1.
QE C31+ %3 3- 40'*('4+, 4+01'(-,+0'&+&R %, 3':*'B'(+*1% 3% %*(-%*10+ B.0/+&. 4.0 ,.3
&% ,+ ,%*:-+ , 1%0(%0 1C0/'*. &%, /'1. ,. ,,+/+0C $ + ,+ 4+,+>0+ 3%
K-31'B'(+ 1+*1. /63 4.0 (-+*1. %, /'1. 1'%*% %B%(1'=+/%*1% -*+ &.>,% B-*(')*D &%3':*+
E *.1'B'(+ 5+(% (./40%*&%0 % '/4.*%

/ $ " %

, 3':*'B'(+*1% &%, /'1. 3% 40%3%*1+ %* B.0/+ +/>':-+D %3 + ,+ =%7 3%*1'&. E

B.0/+ ,,%*. &% -* ,+&. =+(2. &%, .10. ./. 3%*1'&. %, 3':*'B'(+*1% 4.31-,+ &%
'*/%&'+1. -*+ ,%(1-0+ 3% ,. (+41+ (.* ,.3 .K.3 1'%*% 0%+,'&+& 3%*3.0'+, Q+ ,+ '*=%03+
&%, 3':*'B'(+*1% ,'*:V231'(. L-% %3 &% *+1-0+,%7+ 4-0+/%*1% 432L-'(+R 1'%*% 0'L-%7+D
,+ &%*./'*+(')* &%, ,%)* %, 3+,-&. &%, *%:0. 3.* (.*K-*1.3 4,+-3'>,%3 %316*
&.1+&.3 &% -*+ 0+('.*+,'&+& 3-B'('%*1% ./. 3-/+ &% 3':*.3 ,'*:V231'(.3 %,
3%*1'&. &%, /'1. 1'%*% -* =+,.0 40.4'. B.0/+ 4+01% &% -*+ 5'31.0'+ ,+ &%, ,%)* . ,+
&%, *%:0.D %* %, 3%*1'&. E+ %316 (.*310-'&+ -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* L-% 4.&02+ /-E >'%*
>+31+03% + 32 /'3/+ 3' %, /'1. *. ,+ (+41-0+0+ E *. ,+ (.*31'1-E%0+ 3O>'1+/%*1% %*
-*+ B.0/+ =+(2+ 4+063'1+ , 3%*1'&. %316 (./4,%1. 4.31-,+ -* 3+>%0 -* 4+3+&.
-*+ /%/.0'+ -* .0&%* (./4+0+1'=. &% 5%(5.3 &% '&%+3 &% &%('3'.*%3
, &%=%*'0 B.0/+ %, 3%*1'&. +,%K+ 3- (.*1'*:%*('+ 3% =+(2+ 3% %/4.>0%(% ,+
5'31.0'+ 3% %=+4.0+ *. L-%&+ /63 L-% ,+ ,%10+ *(.*10+/.3 +L-2 -*+ 4%0/-1+(')*
4+0+&)K'(+ &% ,+3 .4%0+('.*%3 &% ,%(1-0+ -*+ 0%:0%3')* +*.0/+, &%, 3%*1'&. + ,+
B.0/+ &%, 3':*. ,'*:V231'(. +, 3':*'B'(+*1% /21'(. ' %*(%00+/.3 "
%* -* 3'31%/+ 4-0+/%*1% ,'*:V231'(. ,+ 40.4.3'(')* 0%%*(-%*10+ 4,%*'1-& 0'L-%7+
5'31.0'+D 3.E -* +*'/+, -* ,%)* ='=. %* 1+, 4+23 =-%,=. &% (+7+0 3% 40%1%*&%02+ L-%
(./4+01+ /' 40%3+ (.* -* *.=',,. -*+ =+(+ E -*+ (+>0+M 4%0. (./. 3.E %, /63 B-%01%
/% L-%&. (.* 1.&. 4.0 &'=%03+3 0+7.*%3 ,+ O,1'/+ &% ,+3 (-+,%3 %3 3'/4,%/%*1% L-%
%0. (./. B.0/+ &%, /'1. ,+ 40.4.3'(')* E+ *. (.*1'%*% (+3' *+&+ &%
%31+ ,+0:+ 5'31.0'+ , 3%*1'&. (.*1%*2+ -* 3'31%/+ &% =+,.0%3D -*+ 5'31.0'+ -*+
:%.:0+B2+ -*+ /.0+, -*+ ,'1%0+1-0+ + B.0/+ 5+ +,%K+&. 1.&+ %31+ 0'L-%7+D 3-
4.>0%7+ +(1-+, 0%L-'%0% &% -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* L-% ,+ 0%/4,+(% +E L-% 0%(5+7+0 5+('+
/-E +1063 ,+ 5'31.0'+ &%, ,%)* 4+0+ &+0 ,-:+0 +, %K%/4,. &% :0+/61'(+ 5+E L-% 4.*%0
%*10% 4+0C*1%3'3 ,+ >'.:0+B2+ &%, *%:0. 3' 3% L-'%0% ,'>%0+0 ,+ '/+:%* 40%4+0+0,+ 4+0+
0%('>'0 3- 3':*'B'(+&.
%0. %, 4-*1. (+4'1+, &% 1.&. %31. %3 L-% ,+ B.0/+ *. 3-40'/% %, 3%*1'&. 3'*.
L-% ,. %/4.>0%(% ,. +,%K+ ,. /+*1'%*% + 3- &'34.3'(')* +0%(% L-% %, 3%*1'&. =+ +
/.0'0 4%0. 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ /-%01% %* 3-34%*3.D %, 3%*1'&. 4'%0&% 3- =+,.0 4%0.
/+*1'%*% ,+ ='&+ E &% %3+ ='&+ =+ + +,'/%*1+03% ,+ B.0/+ &%, /'1. , 3%*1'&. 3%06
4+0+ ,+ B.0/+ (./. -*+ 0%3%0=+ '*31+*16*%+ &% 5'31.0'+ (./. -*+ 0'L-%7+ 3./%1'&+
B+(1'>,% &% +(%0(+0 . +,%K+0 %* -*+ %34%('% &% +,1%0*+*('+ =%,.7D %3 *%(%3+0'. L-% ,+
B.0/+ 4-%&+ =.,=%0 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% + %(5+0 0+2(%3 %* %, 3%*1'&. E +,'/%*1+03%
*+1-0+,/%*1% &% C,M 3.>0% 1.&. %3 *%(%3+0'. L-% %* C, 4-%&+ .(-,1+03% . L-% &%B'*%
+, /'1. %3 %31% '*1%0%3+*1% K-%:. &% %3(.*&'&+3 %*10% %, 3%*1'&. E ,+ B.0/+ + B.0/+
&%, /'1. *. %3 -* 32/>.,.D %, *%:0. L-% 3+,-&+ *. %3 %, 32/>.,. &%, '/4%0'. B0+*(C3
Roland Barthes Mitologías

1'%*% &%/+3'+&+ 40%3%*('+M 3% .B0%(% (./. -*+ '/+:%* 0'(+ ='='&+ %34.*16*%+
'*.(%*1% %0. +, /'3/. 1'%/4. %31+ 40%3%*('+ %316 3./%1'&+ +,%K+&+
=-%,1+ (./. 10+*34+0%*1%M 3% 0%1'0+ -* 4.(. 3% 5+(% ()/4,'(% &% -* (.*(%41. L-%
0%('>% E+ +0/+&. N,+ '/4%0'+,'&+&N B0+*(%3+D 3% (.*='%01% %* -*+ 40%3%*('+
!+E+/.3 +5.0+ +, 3':*'B'(+&.D %31+ 5'31.0'+ L-% 3% &%3,'7+ B-%0+ &% ,+ B.0/+ =+ +
3%0 1.1+,/%*1% +>3.0>'&+ 4.0 %, (.*(%41. , (.*(%41. 4.0 3- 4+01% %316
&%1%0/'*+&.D %3 + ,+ =%7 5'31)0'(. % '*1%*('.*+,M %3 %, /)=', L-% 5+(% 40.B%0'0 %, /'1.
+ N%K%/4,+0'&+&N :0+/+1'(+, ,+ N'/4%0'+,'&+&N B0+*(%3+ (.*31'1-E%* ,+ 4-,3')*
/'3/+ &%, /'1. , (.*(%41. 0%31+>,%(% -*+ (+&%*+ &% (+-3+3 E %B%(1.3 &% /)=',%3 %
'*1%*('.*%3 * (.*10+31% (.* ,+ B.0/+ %, (.*(%41. *-*(+ %3 +>310+(1.D %316 ,,%*. &%
-*+ 3'1-+(')* 10+=C3 &%, (.*(%41. 3% '/4,+*1+ %* %, /'1. -*+ 5'31.0'+ *-%=+D %* ,+
&%*./'*+(')* &%, ,%)* 40%='+/%*1% =+('+&+ &% 3- (.*1'*:%*('+ %, %K%/4,. &%
:0+/61'(+ =+ + (.*=.(+0 1.&+ /' %<'31%*('+D %, 1'%/4. L-% /% '*31+,+ %* -*+
&%1%0/'*+&+ C4.(+ %* L-% 3% %*3%8+ ,+ :0+/61'(+ ,+1'*+M ,+ 5'31.0'+ L-% /%
&'31'*:-% + 10+=C3 &% -* K-%:. &% 3%:0%:+(')* 3.('+, &% ,.3 *'8.3 L-% *. +40%*&%* %,
,+12*M ,+ 10+&'(')* 4%&+:):'(+ L-% .>,':+ + %,%:'0 %3% %K%/4,. %* 3.4. . %* %&0+M
/'3 40.4'.3 56>'1.3 ,'*:V231'(.3 L-% =%* %* ,+ (.*(.0&+*('+ &%, +10'>-1. -* 5%(5.
'/4.01+*1% &':*. &% 3%0 ',-310+&. . /'3/. .(-00% (.* %, *%:0. L-% 3+,-&+D (./.
B.0/+ %, 3%*1'&. %3 0%310'*:'&. +'3,+&. %/4.>0%('&.M (./. (.*(%41. &% ,+
N'/4%0'+,'&+&N B0+*(%3+ 3% +*-&+ .10+ =%7 + ,+ 1.1+,'&+& &%, /-*&.D + ,+ 5'31.0'+
:%*%0+, &% 0+*('+ + 3-3 +=%*1-0+3 (.,.*'+,%3 + 3-3 &'B'(-,1+&%3 40%3%*1%3
310'(1+/%*1% %* %, (.*(%41. 3% '*='31% /63 -* ('%01. (.*.('/'%*1. &% ,. 0%+, L-% ,.
0%+, /'3/. , 4+3+0 &%, 3%*1'&. + ,+ B.0/+ ,+ '/+:%* 4'%0&% 3+>%0 4+0+ 0%('>'0 /%K.0
-*+ 4.0(')* &% (.*(%41. , 3+>%0 (.*1%*'&. %* %, (.*(%41. /21'(. %3 %* 0%+,'&+& -*
3+>%0 (.*B-3. B.0/+&. &% +3.('+('.*%3 &C>',%3 ','/'1+&+3 3 *%(%3+0'. '*3'31'0 3.>0%
%31% (+06(1%0 +>'%01. &%, (.*(%41.D &% *'*:-*+ /+*%0+ 3% 10+1+ &% -*+ %3%*('+
+>310+(1+ 4-0'B'(+&+ %3 -*+ (.*&%*3+(')* '*%31+>,% *%>-,.3+ (-E+ -*'&+& E
(.5%0%*('+ &%4%*&%* 3.>0% 1.&. &% ,+ B-*(')* * %31% 3%*1'&. 4-%&% &%('03% L-% %,
(+06(1%0 B-*&+/%*1+, &%, (.*(%41. /21'(. %3 %, &% 3%0 + ,+ N%K%/4,+0'&+&N
:0+/+1'(+, (.*('%0*% + -*+ (,+3% &%1%0/'*+&+ &% +,-/*.3 ,+ N'/4%0'+,'&+&N B0+*(%3+
&%>% (.*/.=%0 + -* :0-4. &% ,%(1.0%3 E *. + .10.3D %, (.*(%41. 0%34.*&%
%310'(1+/%*1% + -*+ B-*(')* 3% &%B'*% (./. -*+ 1%*&%*('+ 31+ (+0+(1%0'7+(')* *.3
0%(-%0&+ %, 3':*'B'(+&. &% .10. 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. %, B0%-&'+*.D %* 0%-& %,
3%:-*&. 1C0/'*. &%, 3'31%/+ %3 %, 3%*1'&. ,+1%*1% Q%, (.*1%*'&.R &%, 3-%8. &%, +(1.
B+,,'&. &% ,+ *%-0.3'3 32 0%-& 3%8+,+ L-% %, 3%*1'&. 3%:-*&. &% ,+ (.*&-(1+ %3 3-
3%*1'&. 40.4'. %3 &%('0 +40.4'+&. + -*+ 3'1-+(')* (./4,%1+ 40.B-*&+M %3 +, ':-+,
L-% %, (.*(%41. /21'(. ,+ '*1%*(')* /'3/+ &% ,+ (.*&-(1+
* 3':*'B'(+&. 4-%&% 1%*%0 =+0'.3 3':*'B'(+*1%3D C31% %3 %34%('+,/%*1% %, (+3.
&%, 3':*'B'(+&. ,'*:V231'(. E &%, 3':*'B'(+&. 43'(.+*+,21'(. 3 1+/>'C* %, (+3. &%,
(.*(%41. /21'(. L-% 1'%*% + 3- &'34.3'(')* -*+ /+3+ ','/'1+&+ &% 3':*'B'(+*1%3D
4-%&. %*(.*10+0 /', B0+3%3 ,+1'*+3 L-% /% 5+:+* 40%3%*1% ,+ (.*(.0&+*('+ &%,
+10'>-1. /', '/6:%*%3 L-% /% 3':*'B'L-%* ,+ N'/4%0'+,'&+&N B0+*(%3+ 31. L-'%0%
&%('0 L-% %, (.*(%41. %3 /-(5. /63 4.>0% L-% %, 3':*'B'(+*1%M +
/%*-&. *. 5+(% /63 L-% 0%@40%3%*1+03% % ,+ B.0/+ +Y (.*(%41. 4.>0%7+ E 0'L-%7+
%316* %* 40.4.0(')* '*=%03+D + ,+ 4.>0%7+ (-+,'1+1'=+ &% ,+ B.0/+ &%4.3'1+02+ &% -*
3%*1'&. &'3/'*-'&. (.00%34.*&% ,+ 0'L-%7+ &% -* (.*(%41. +>'%01. + 1.&+ ,+ 5'31.0'+M
+ ,+ +>-*&+*('+ (-+*1'1+1'=+ &% ,+3 B.0/+3 (.00%34.*&% -* *O/%0. 4%L-%8. &%
(.*(%41.3 31+ 0%4%1'(')* &%, (.*(%41. + 10+=C3 &% B.0/+3 &'B%0%*1%3 %3 40%('.3+
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4+0+ %, /'1),.:. E+ L-% 4%0/'1% &%3('B0+0 %, /'1.D ,+ '*3'31%*('+ &% -*+ (.*&-(1+ %3 ,+
L-% /-%310+ 3- '*1%*(')* 31. (.*B'0/+ L-% *. 5+E 0%,+(')* 0%:-,+0 %*10% %,
=.,-/%* &%, 3':*'B'(+&. E %, &%, 3':*'B'(+*1%D %* ,+ ,%*:-+ %31+ 0%,+(')* %3
40.4.0('.*+&+ (+3' *. %<(%&% ,+ 4+,+>0+ . 4.0 ,. /%*.3 ,+ -*'&+& (.*(0%1+ .0 %,
(.*10+0'. %* %, /'1. C, (.*(%41. 4-%&% %<1%*&%03% + 10+=C3 &% -*+ %<1%*3')* /-E
:0+*&% &% 3':*'B'(+*1%D 4.0 %K%/4,. -* ,'>0. %*1%0. 4-%&% 3%0 %, 3':*'B'(+*1% &% -*
3.,. (.*(%41. E + ,+ '*=%03+ -*+ B.0/+ /'*O3(-,+ Q-*+ 4+,+>0+ -* :%31. +-* ,+1%0+,
3'%/40% L-% 3%+ *.1+&.R 4.&06 3%0='0 &% 3':*'B'(+*1% + -* (.*(%41. (+0:+&. &% -*+
0'(+ 5'31.0'+ 31+ &%340.4.0(')* %*10% %, 3':*'B'(+*1% E %, 3':*'B'(+&. *. %3 40'=+1'=+
&%, /'1.D %* 0%-& 4.0 %K%/4,. %, +(1. B+,,'&. %3 -* 3':*'B'(+*1% &% -*+ 4%L-%8%7 3'*
40.4.0(')* (.* %, =%0&+&%0. 3%*1'&. L-% 10+'('.*+
./. E+ ,. 5% &'(5. %* ,.3 (.*(%41.3 /21'(.3 *. 5+E *'*:-*+ B'K%7+D 4-%&%*
5+(%03% +,1%0+03% &%35+(%03% &%3+4+0%(%0 (./4,%1+/%*1% 0%('3+/%*1% 4.0L-% 3.*
5'31)0'(.3 ,+ 5'31.0'+ (.* 1.&+ B+(','&+& 4-%&% 3-40'/'0,.3 31+ '*%31+>','&+& .>,':+
+, /'1),.:. + /+*%K+0 -*+ 1%0/'*.,.:2+ +&+41+&+ 3.>0% ,+ L-% L-'3'%0+ &%('0 +,:-*+3
(.3+3 4-%3 + /%*-&. %3 B-%*1% &% '0.*2+D 3% 10+1+ &%, *%.,.:'3/. , (.*(%41. %3 -*
%,%/%*1. (.*31'1-E%*1% &%, /'1.D 3' &%3%. &%3('B0+0,. /% %3 +>3.,-1+/%*1% *%(%3+0'.
4.&%0 *./>0+0 ,.3 (.*(%41.3 , &'(('.*+0'. 40.4.0('.*+ +,:-*.3D ,+ >.*&+& ,+
(+0'&+& ,+ 3+*1'&+& ,+ 5-/+*'&+& %1( %0. 4.0 &%B'*'(')* 4-%31. L-% %3 %,
&'(('.*+0'. %, L-% /% ,.3 &+ %31.3 (.*(%41.3 *. 3.* 5'31)0'(.3 '* %/>+0:. ,. L-%
/63 *%(%3'1. (.* B0%(-%*('+ 3.* (.*(%41.3 %B2/%0.3 ,':+&.3 + (.*1'*:%*('+3
,'/'1+&+3D %, *%.,.:'3/. 3% =-%,=% '*%='1+>,% + 5'*+ %3 -*+ (.3+M ,+ '&%+ L-% 4.&2+
5+(%03% &% %,,+ 5+31+ *. 5+(% &%/+3'+&. 1'%/4. -* 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 B0+*(C3 %3 .10+D
4+0+ %3+ /%7(,+ %34%('+, &% (+/4+*',,+3 0'(35+3 E B-/+&%0.3 &% .4'. *. %<'31% .10+
4+,+>0+ 4.3'>,% L-% 3 4.3'>,% L-% *. 3%+ >%,,+ .*3.,C/.*.3
0%(.*.('%*&. L-% +, /%*.3 %, *%.,.:'3/. (.*(%41-+, *. %3 *-*(+ +0>'10+0'.D %316
(.*310-'&. 3.>0% -*+ 0%:,+ 40.4.0('.*+, /-E 3%*3+1+ AW

"/ "

* 3%/'.,.:2+ (./. 3% 3+>% %, 1%0(%0 1C0/'*. *. %3 .10+ (.3+ L-% ,+ +3.('+(')*

&% ,.3 &.3 40'/%0.3D %3 %, O*'(. L-% 3% /-%310+ &% -*+ /+*%0+ 4,%*+ E 3-B'('%*1% %3
%, O*'(. L-% 3% (.*3-/% %B%(1'=+/%*1% % 5% &+&. -* *./>0%D 3':*'B'(+(')* +
3':*'B'(+(')* %3 %, /'1. /'3/. +32 (./. %, 3':*. 3+-33-0'+*. %3 ,+ 4+,+>0+ Q. /63
%<+(1+/%*1% ,+ %*1'&+& (.*(0%1+R %0. +*1%3 &% &+0 ,.3 (+0+(1%0%3 &% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')*
%3 *%(%3+0'. 0%B,%<'.*+0 -* 4.(. 3.>0% ,+ /+*%0+ %* L-% 3% 40%4+0+ %3 &%('0 3.>0%
,.3 /.&.3 &% (.00%,+(')* &%, (.*(%41. E &% ,+ B.0/+ /21'(.3
* 40'/%0 ,-:+0 5+E L-% 3%8+,+0 L-% %* %, /'1. ,.3 &.3 40'/%0.3 1C0/'*.3 3.*
4%0B%(1+/%*1% /+*'B'%31.3 Q(.*10+0'+/%*1% + ,. L-% 3-(%&% %* .10.3 3'31%/+3 3%/'.@
,):'(.3RD -*. *. %316 N%3(.*&'&.N &%1063 &%, .10. ,.3 &.3 3% &+* " QE *. -*. +L-2 E
%, .10. +,,6R .0 /63 4+0+&)K'(. L-% 4-%&+ 4+0%(%0 + 3- B-*(')*
%3 ,+ &% &%B.0/+0 *. ,+ &% 5+(%0 &%3+4+0%(%0 . 5+E +,,2 *'*:-*+ ,+1%*('+ &%,

A ,+12*F,+1'*'&+& ` =+3(.F
` =+3L-'&+&

W % 10+1+&. &% /+*1%*%0 %, /'3/. (0'1%0'. 4+0+ ,+ 10+&-((')* +, (+31%,,+*. 3+,=. %* ,.3 (+3.3 %* L-% ,+
%<40%3')* 3% 5+('+ '*3.4.01+>,% * %31+3 .(+3'.*%3 .4+L-C ,+ 10+&-((')* (.* +,:O* +&K%1'=. . -*+
4+06B0+3'3 G H

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

(.*(%41. %* 0%,+(')* (.* ,+ B.0/+D %, /'1. *. 0%L-'%0% &% *'*:O* '*(.*3('%*1% 4+0+
%<4,'(+0,. ='&%*1%/%*1% *.3 %*B0%*1+/.3 (.* &.3 1'4.3 &'B%0%*1%3 &%
/+*'B%31+(')*D ,+ 40%3%*('+ &% ,+ B.0/+ %3 ,'1%0+, '*/%&'+1+D +&%/63 %3 %<1%*3+ 31.
3% &%>% P*. %3 %<(%3'=. 0%4%1'0,.P + ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ E+ ,'*:V231'(+ &%, 3':*'B'(+*1%
/21'(.D 4-%31. L-% %316 (.*31'1-'&. 4.0 -* 3%*1'&. E+ 10+7+&. 3),. 4-%&% &+03% +
10+=C3 &% -*+ /+1%0'+ Q/'%*10+3 L-% %* ,+ ,%*:-+ %, 3':*'B'(+*1% 3':-% 3'%*&.
432L-'(.R * %, (+3. &%, /'1. .0+, %31+ %<1%*3')* %3 ,'*%+, 0 2: %* %,
&%, /'1. ='3-+, ,+ %<1%*3')* %3 /-,1'&'/%*3'.*+, Q%* %, (%*10. %, -*'B.0/% &%, *%:0.
+00'>+ ,+ *%:0-0+ &% 3- 0.310. + ,+ '7L-'%0&+ %, 3+,-&. /','1+0 %1( R .3 %,%/%*1.3
&% ,+ B.0/+ 1'%*%* %*10% 32 4.0 ,. 1+*1. 0%,+('.*%3 &% ,-:+0 &% 40.<'/'&+&D %, /.&.
&% 40%3%*('+ &% ,+ B.0/+ %3 %34+('+, , (.*(%41. 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. 3% .B0%(% &%
/+*%0+ :,.>+, %3 -*+ 3-%01% &% *%>-,.3+ ,+ (.*&%*3+(')* /63 . /%*.3 '/40%('3+ &%
-* 3+>%0 -3 %,%/%*1.3 %316* ,':+&.3 4.0 0%,+('.*%3 +3.('+1'=+3D %3 3.31%*'&. *. 4.0
-*+ %<1%*3')* 3'*. 4.0 -* %34%3.0 Q+-*L-% %31+ /%16B.0+ 3%+ +O* &%/+3'+&.
%34+('+,R M 3- /.&. &% 40%3%*('+ %3 /%/.0'+,
, =2*(-,. L-% -*% %, (.*(%41. &%, /'1. +, 3%*1'&. %3 %3%*('+,/%*1% -*+ 0%,+(')*
&% $ !.,=%/.3 + %*(.*10+0 +L-2 ('%01+ +*+,.:2+ B.0/+, (.* -* 3'31%/+
3%/'.,):'(. (./4,%K. (./. %, &% ,.3 43'(.+*6,'3'3 %, /'3/. /.&. L-% 4+0+ 0%-&
%, 3%*1'&. ,+1%*1% &% ,+ (.*&-(1+ &%B.0/+ 3- 3%*1'&. /+*'B'%31. %* %, /'1. %,
(.*(%41. &%B.0/+ %, 3%*1'&. +1-0+,/%*1% %31+ &%B.0/+(')* %3 3),. 4.3'>,% 4.0L-%
,+ B.0/+ &%, /'1. E+ %316 (.*31'1-'&+ 4.0 -* 3%*1'&. ,'*:V231'(. * -* 3'31%/+ 3'/4,%
(./. ,+ ,%*:-+ %, 3':*'B'(+&. *. 4-%&% &%B.0/+0 0'+&+ %* +>3.,-1. 4.0L-% %,
3':*'B'(+*1% =+(2. +0>'10+0'. *. ,% .B0%(% *'*:-*+ 0%3'31%*('+ %0. +L-2 1.&. %3
&'B%0%*1%D %, 3':*'B'(+*1% 1'%*% %* ('%01. /.&. &.3 (+0+3D -*+ (+0+ ,,%*+ L-% %3 %,
3%*1'&. Q,+ 5'31.0'+ &%, ,%)* &%, 3.,&+&. *%:0.R E -*+ (+0+ =+(2+ L-% %3 ,+ B.0/+
0 : ! !$ '! ! ! ! 2
='&%*1%/%*1% ,. L-% %, (.*(%41. &%B.0/+ %3 ,+ (+0+ ,,%*+ %, 3%*1'&.D %, ,%)* E %,
*%:0. 3.* &%34.K+&.3 &% 3- 5'31.0'+ (.*=%01'&+3 %* :%31.3 . L-% ,+ %K%/4,+0'&+&
,+1'*+ &%B.0/+ %3 ,+ &%*./'*+(')* &%, ,%)* %* 1.&+ 3- (.*1'*:%*('+M E ,. L-% ,+
'/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+ 4%01-0>+ %3 1+/>'C* -* ,%*:-+K% 40'/%0. -* &'3(-03. B+(1-+,
L-% /% (.*1+>+ ,+ =%*'+ &% -* *%:0. %* -*'B.0/% %0. %31+ &%B.0/+(')* *. %3 -*+
+>.,'(')*D %, ,%)* E %, *%:0. 3':-%* +,,2 %, (.*(%41. 1'%*% *%(%3'&+& &% %,,.3D 3% ,.3 5+
+/4-1+&. + /%&'+3 3% ,%3 5+ L-'1+&. ,+ /%/.0'+ *. ,+ %<'31%*('+M 3.* +, /'3/.
1'%/4. 4.0B'+&.3 3',%*('.3+/%*1% +00+':+&.3 E 4+0,+*(5'*%3 5+>,+ &'34.*'>,% %* 3-
1.1+,'&+& +, 3%0='('. &%, (.*(%41. , (.*(%41. %310'(1+/%*1% &%B.0/+ 4%0. *. ,,%:+ +
+>.,'0 %, 3%*1'&.M -*+ 4+,+>0+ &+ (-%*1+ &% %31+ (.*10+&'((')*D %, (.*(%41. +,'%*+ +,
3%*1'&.
'%/40% 5+E L-% 1%*%0 %* (-%*1+ L-% %, /'1. %3 -* 3'31%/+ &.>,% %* C, 3%
40.&-(% -*+ 3-%01% &% ->'(-'&+&D ,+ 4+01'&+ &%, /'1. %316 (.*31'1-'&+ 4.0 ,+ ,,%:+&+
&% -* 3%*1'&. +0+ (.*3%0=+0 -*+ /%16B.0+ %34+('+, (+06(1%0 +40.<'/+1'=. E+ 5%
3%8+,+&. &'02+ 3':*'B'(+(')* &%, /'1. %316 (.*31'1-'&+ 4.0 -*+ 1.0*'L-%1% '*(%3+*1%
L-% +,1%0*+ %, 3%*1'&. (+*1% E 3- B.0/+ -* ,%*:-+K%@.>K%1. E -* :-+K% -*+ (.*('%*('+
4-0+/%*1% 3':*'B'(+*1% E (.*('%*('+ 4-0+/%*1% '/+:'*+*1%M %31+ +,1%0*+*('+ %* ('%01+
/+*%0+ %3 0%(.:'&+ 4.0 %, (.*(%41. L-% 3% =+,% &% %,,+ (./. &% -* 3':*'B'(+*1%
+/>':-. + ,+ =%7 '*1%,%(1'=. % '/+:'*+0'. +0>'10+0'. E *+1-0+,
. L-'%0. 40%K-7:+0 +(%0(+ &% ,+3 '/4,'(+('.*%3 /.0+,%3 &% -* /%(+*'3/.
3%/%K+*1% 4%0. *. /% +4+01. &% -* +*6,'3'3 .>K%1'=. 3' 5+:. *.1+0 L-% ,+ ->'(-'&+&
&%, 3':*'B'(+*1% %* %, /'1. 0%40.&-(% /-E %<+(1+/%*1% ,+ B23'(+ &% ,+ Q3% 3+>%

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

L-% %31+ 4+,+>0+ %3 -* 1C0/'*. %34+('+,RD %* ,+ (.+01+&+ 5+E 1+/>'C* -* 3'1'. ,,%*. E
-* 3'1'. =+(2. ,':+&.3 4.0 -*+ 0%,+(')* &% '&%*1'&+& *%:+1'=+ QN*. %31.E &.*&% -31%&
(0%% L-% %31.EM %31.E &.*&% -31%& (0%% L-% *. %31.ENR %0. ,+ (.+01+&+ (./O*
Q4.,'('+, 4.0 %K%/4,.R 1'%*% -* 1C0/'*. %* -* /./%*1. &+&. ,. 0%+, ,% '/4'&% L-%
3':+ =':%*1% _ /'1. %3 -* 3- 3+*(')* *. (.*3'31% %* 3%0 =%0&+&%0.D *+&+ ,%
'/4'&% 3%0 -*+ (.+01+&+ 4%04%1-+M ,% >+31+ L-% 3- 3':*'B'(+&. 1%*:+ &.3 (+0+3 4+0+
&'34.*%0 3'%/40% &% -* /63 +,,6D %, 3%*1'&. 3'%/40% 3% %*(-%*10+ %* 3- ,-:+0 4+0+
,+ B.0/+M ,+ B.0/+ %316 3'%/40% +,,2 4+0+ %, 3%*1'&. K+/63 %<'31%
(.*10+&'((')* (.*B,'(1. %31+,,'&. %*10% %, 3%*1'&. E ,+ B.0/+D K+/63 3% %*(-%*10+* %*
%, /'3/. 4-*1. % ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ 3' =.E %* +-1. E /'0. %, 4+'3+K% + 10+=C3 &%,
='&0'. 4-%&. 4.*%0 /' +1%*(')* + =.,-*1+& 3.>0% %, 4+'3+K% . 3.>0% %, ='&0'.D &%
40.*1. (+41+0C ,+ 40%3%*('+ &%, ='&0'. E ,+ &'31+*('+ &%, 4+'3+K%M &% 40.*1. 4.0 %,
(.*10+0'. ,+ 10+*34+0%*('+ &%, ='&0'. E ,+ 40.B-*&'&+& &%, 4+'3+K%M 4%0. %, 0%3-,1+&.
&% %31+ +,1%0*+*('+ 3%06 (.*31+*1%D %, ='&0'. 3%06 4+0+ /2 + ,+ =%7 40%3%*1% E =+(2. %,
4+'3+K% + ,+ =%7 '00%+, E ,,%*. . /'3/. .(-00% (.* %, 3':*'B'(+*1% /21'(.D ,+ B.0/+
+4+0%(% %* C, =+(2+ 4%0. 40%3%*1% %, 3%*1'&. +4+0%(% +-3%*1% E 3'* %/>+0:. ,,%*.
),. 4.&02+ 3.040%*&%0/% &% %31+ (.*10+&'((')* 3' &%1%*:. =.,-*1+0'+/%*1% %3%
1.0*'L-%1% &% B.0/+ E &% 3%*1'&. 3' +K-31. /' ='3')* 0%34%(1. &% (+&+ -*. &% %,,.3
(./. B0%*1% + -* .>K%1. &'31'*1. &%, .10. E 3' +4,'(. +, /'1. -* 40.(%&'/'%*1. %3161'(.
&% &%3('B0+/'%*1. %* 3-/+ 3' (.*10+02. 3- &'*6/'(+ %34%(2B'(+D %* -*+ 4+,+>0+ 3'
4+3. &%, %31+&. &% ,%(1.0 &%, /'1. +, &% /'1),.:.
*+ =%7 /63 3%06 ,+ &-4,'('&+& &%, 3':*'B'(+*1% ,+ L-% =+ + &%1%0/'*+0 ,.3
(+0+(1%0%3 &% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* + 3+>%/.3 L-% %, /'1. %3 -* 5+>,+ &%B'*'&+ 4.0 3-
'*1%*(')* 0 , % 2 /-(5. /63 L-% 4.0 3- ,%10+ 0 2E
L-% 3'* %/>+0:. ,+ '*1%*(')* %316 +,,2 %* ('%01. /.&. (.*:%,+&+ 4-0'B'(+&+
%1%0*'7+&+ 4.0 ,+ ,%10+ 0I6 G $ '@ +
" 2 31+ +/>':V%&+& (.*31'1-1'=+
&%, 5+>,+ /21'(+ =+ + 1%*%0 &.3 (.*3%(-%*('+3 4+0+ ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')*D 3% 40%3%*1+06 +,
/'3/. 1'%/4. (./. -*+ *.1'B'(+(')* E (./. -*+ (./40.>+(')*
, /'1. 1'%*% (+06(1%0 '/4%0+1'=. &% '*1%04%,+(')*D 3+,'&. &% -* (.*(%41.
5'31)0'(. 3-0:'&. &'0%(1+/%*1% &% ,+ (.*1'*:%*('+ Q-*+ (,+3% &% ,+12* %, /4%0'.
+/%*+7+&.R /% ='%*% + >-3(+0 + /2D 3% =-%,=% 5+('+ /2 3'%*1. 3- B-%07+ '*1%*('.*+,
/% (.*/'*+ + 0%('>'0 3- +/>':V%&+& %<4+*3'=+ ' /% 4+3%. 4.0 %K%/4,. %* %, +23
!+3(. %34+8., ? 4-%&. (./40.>+0 3'* &-&+ -*+ -*'&+& +0L-'1%(1)*'(+ %*10% ,+3
(+3+3 -* %31',. (./O* L-% /% '*&-(% + 0%(.*.(%0 %* ,+ (+3+ =+3(+ -* 40.&-(1.
C1*'(. &%1%0/'*+&. % 1.&+3 /+*%0+3 *. /% 3'%*1. (.*(%0*'&. 4%03.*+,/%*1% *'
+1+(+&. 4.0 +32 &%('0,. 4.0 %3% %31',. -*'1+0'.D =%. (,+0+/%*1% L-% %31+>+ +,,2 +*1%3
L-% E. 3'* /2M %3 -* 40.&-(1. (./4,%K. L-% 1'%*% 3-3 &%1%0/'*+('.*%3 + *'=%, &% -*+
5'31.0'+ /-E ,+0:+D *. /% ,,+/+ *. /% '/4-,3+ + *./>0+0,. + /%*.3 L-% 40%1%*&+
'*3%01+0,. %* -* =+31. (-+&0. &%, 5+>'1+1 0-0+, %0. 3' %31.E %* ,+ 0%:')* 4+0'3'%*3% E
4%0('>. +, B'*+, &% ,+ (+,,% +/>%11+ . &% ,+ (+,,% J%+* J+-0C3 -* (.L-%1. (5+,%1 >,+*(.
(.* 1%K+3 0.K+3 0%=%31'/'%*1. 4+0&. 4,+*.3 &%, 1%(5. +3'/C10'(.3 E B+(5+&+ %* :0+*
4+01% %*(+8+&+ 1%*:. ,+ '/40%3')* &% 0%('>'0 -*+ '*='1+(')* '/4%0'.3+ 4%03.*+, +
*./>0+0 %3% .>K%1. (./. (5+,%1 =+3(.M /63 +O* + =%0 +,,2 ,+ %3%*('+ /'3/+ &% ,+

? % 10+1+&. &% /+*1%*%0 %, /'3/. (0'1%0'. 4+0+ ,+ 10+&-((')* +, (+31%,,+*. 3+,=. %* ,.3 (+3.3 %* L-% ,+
%<40%3')* 3% 5+('+ '*3.4.01+>,% * %31+3 .(+3'.*%3 .4+L-C ,+ 10+&-((')* (.* +,:O* +&K%1'=. . -*+
4+06B0+3'3 G H

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

" 3 L-% %* %31% (+3. %, (.*(%41. 3% /% /+*'B'%31+ %* 1.&+ 3- 40%('3')*D

='%*% + >-3(+0/% 4+0+ .>,':+0/% + 0%(.*.(%0 %, (-%04. &% '*1%*('.*%3 L-% ,. 5+
/.1'=+&. &'34-%31. +,,2 (./. ,+ 3%8+, &% -*+ 5'31.0'+ '*&'='&-+, (./. -*+
(.*B'&%*('+ E -*+ (./4,'('&+&D %3 -* =%0&+&%0. ,,+/+&. L-% /% &'0':%* ,.3
40.4'%1+0'.3 &%, (5+,%1 %3% ,,+/+&. 4+0+ 3%0 /63 '/4%0+1'=. 5+ +&/'1'&. 1.&.3
,.3 &%34.K.3M 1.&. ,. L-% K-31'B'(+>+ ,+ ='='%*&+ =+3(+ %* %, .0&%* &% ,+ 1%(*.,.:2+D %,
:0+*%0. ,+ %3(+,%0+ %<1%0'.0 %, 4+,./+0 %1( 1.&. 5+ &%3+4+0%('&.D *. 5+E /63 L-%
-*+ 3%8+, >0%=% '*&'3(-1'>,% ,+ '*=.(+(')* 4%03.*+, %3 1+* B0+*(+ L-% /% 4+0%(%
L-% %3% (5+,%1 +(+>+ &% 3%0 (0%+&. +52 /'3/. (./. -* .>K%1. /6:'(.
3-0:'&. %* /' 40%3%*1% 3'* *'*:-*+ 5-%,,+ &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ L-% ,. 40.&-K.
.0L-% %3+ 5+>,+ L-% '*1%04%,+ %3 +, /'3/. 1'%/4. -*+ 4+,+>0+ (.*:%,+&+D %* %,
/./%*1. %* L-% /% +,(+*7+ 3% 3-34%*&% :'0+ 3.>0% 32 /'3/+ E -*+
:%*%0+,'&+&D 3% 5'%,+ %/4+,'&%(% 3% &%(,+0+ '*.(%*1% + +40.4'+(')* &%, (.*(%41. 3%
=-%,=% + %*(.*10+0 &% :.,4% +,%K+&+ 4.0 ,+ ,'1%0+,'&+& &%, 3%*1'&. +E +,,2 -*+ 3-%01%
&% %* %, 3%*1'&. + ,+ =%7 B23'(. E K-&'('+, &%, 1C0/'*.D ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+&
B0+*(%3+ (.*&%*+ +, *%:0. L-% 5+(% ,+ =%*'+ + *. 3%0 /63 L-% -* 3':*'B'(+*1%
'*310-/%*1+, %, *%:0. /% '*1%04%,+ %* *./>0% &% ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+M 4%0. %* %,
/'3/. /./%*1. ,+ =%*'+ &%, *%:0. 3% %34%3+ 3% ='10'B'(+ 3% 4%10'B'(+ %* -*
(.*3'&%0+*&. %1%0*. &%31'*+&. + $ ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+ * ,+ 3-4%0B'('% &%,
,%*:-+K% +,:. E+ *. 3% /-%=%D %, -3. &% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* %316 +,,2 +:+7+4+&. &%1063
&%, 5%(5. (./-*'(6*&.,% -* (+0'7 *.1'B'(+1.0'.M 4%0. +, /'3/. 1'%/4. %, 5%(5.
4+0+,'7+ ,+ '*1%*(')* ,% &+ (./. -* +1+L-% &% '*/.=','&+&D 4+0+ (.*B%0'0,% '*.(%*('+
,+ 4+0+,'7+ 3 L-% %, /'1. %3 -*+ 4+,+>0+ .,+/%*1% ,+ 4+,+>0+ L-%
3% 0%31'1-E% &%K+ &% 3%0 ,+ L-% 3% 5+>2+ 5-01+&.D +, 0%31'1-'0,+ *. 3% ,+ 5+ (.,.(+&.
%<+(1+/%*1% %* 3- ,-:+0 31+ 4%L-%8+ 0+1%02+ %31% /./%*1. B-01'=. &% -* 10-(.
(.*31'1-E% %, +34%(1. 10+*3'&. &%, 5+>,+ /21'(+
U-%&+ 4.0 %<+/'*+0 -* 1%0(%0 %,%/%*1. &% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')*D 3- /.1'=+(')* %
3+>% L-% %* ,+ ,%*:-+ %, 3':*. %3 +0>'10+0'.D *+&+ .>,':+ N*+1-0+,/%*1%N + ,+ '/+:%*
+(O31'(+ % + 3':*'B'(+0 %, (.*(%41. % + %, 3':*. %* %31% (+3. %3 '*/.1'=+&. '*
%/>+0:. %3+ +0>'10+0'%&+& 1'%*% ,2/'1%3 L-% (.00%34.*&%* + ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 +3.('+1'=+3
&% ,+ 4+,+>0+D ,+ ,%*:-+ 4-%&% 40.&-('0 -* B0+:/%*1. &%, 3':*. 4.0 +*+,.:2+ (.*
.10.3 3':*.3 Q4.0 %K%/4,. %* B0+*(C3 3% &'(% E *. 4.0 +*+,.:2+ (.*
2 & + 3':*'B'(+(')* /21'(+ *-*(+ %3 (./4,%1+/%*1% +0>'10+0'+ 3'%/40% %3
4+0('+,/%*1% /.1'=+&+ (.*1'%*% B+1+,/%*1% -*+ &.3'3 &% +*+,.:2+ +0+ L-% ,+
%K%/4,+0'&+& ,+1'*+ 3% ='*(-,% (.* ,+ &%*./'*+(')* &%, ,%)* 3% *%(%3'1+ -*+
+*+,.:2+ L-% %3 ,+ (.*(.0&+*('+ &%, +10'>-1.M 4+0+ L-% ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+
'/40%:*% +, *%:0. L-% 3+,-&+ 5+(% B+,1+ -*+ '&%*1'&+& %*10% ,+ =%*'+ &%, *%:0. E ,+
=%*'+ &%, 3.,&+&. B0+*(C3 + /.1'=+(')* %3 *%(%3+0'+ + ,+ &-4,'('&+& /'3/+ &%,
/'1. %, /'1. K-%:+ (.* ,+ +*+,.:2+ &%, 3%*1'&. E &% ,+ B.0/+D *. 5+E /'1. 3'* B.0/+
/.1'=+&+ " +0+ (./40%*&%0 %, 4.&%0 &% /.1'=+(')* &%, /'1. >+31+ 0%B,%<'.*+0 -*

W % (.*3%0=+ %, %K%/4,. %* B0+*(C3 4-%3 *. +&/'1% =%03')* %* (+31%,,+*. '1%0+,/%*1% 3%0'+D -

Q+/+>,%R 4.0 +*+,.:2+ (.* Q+/+0RN G H

" %3&% %, 4-*1. &% ='31+ C1'(. ,. /.,%31. &%, /'1. %3 40%('3+/%*1% L-% 3- B.0/+ %3 /.1'=+&+ -%3
3' +&/'1'/.3 -*+ N3+,-&N &%, ,%*:-+K% C31+ 3% B-*&+02+ %* ,+ +0>'10+0'%&+& &%, 3':*. . &%(%4('.*+*1%
%* %, /'1. %3 %, 0%(-03. + -*+ *+1-0+,%7+ B+,3+ %3 %, , &% ,+3 B.0/+3 3':*'B'(+1'=+3 (./. %* %3.3
.>K%1.3 L-% &%(.0+* 3- -1','&+& (.* -*+ +4+0'%*('+ *+1-0+, + =.,-*1+& &% 3.>0%(+0:+0 ,+
3':*'B'(+(')* (.* %, +=+, &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 40.=.(+ -*+ %34%('% &% *6-3%+D %, /'1. %3 &%/+3'+&. 0'(. E
,. L-% 1'%*% &% %<(%3. %3 40%('3+/%*1% 3- /.1'=+(')* 31+ &%(%4(')* %3 ,+ /'3/+ L-% 3'%*1. B0%*1% +
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4.(. 3.>0% -* (+3. %<10%/.D 1%*:. &%,+*1% &% /2 -*+ (.,%((')* &% .>K%1.3 1+*
&%3.0&%*+&+ L-% *. 4-%&. %*(.*10+0,% *'*:O* : 4+0%(%02+ L-% ,+ B.0/+
40'=+&+ &% 3%*1'&. 40%='. *. 4-%&% +00+':+0 %* *'*:-*+ 4+01% 3- +*+,.:2+ E L-% %,
/'1. 0%3-,1+ '/4.3'>,% %0. ,. L-% ,+ B.0/+ 4-%&% &+0 + ,%%0 &% 1.&+3 /+*%0+3 %3 %,
&%3.0&%* /'3/.D 4-%&% .1.0:+0 -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* +, +>3-0&. 5+(%0 -* /'1. &%,
+>3-0&. 3 ,. L-% 3-(%&% (-+*&. %, 3%*1'&. (./O* /'1'B'(+ 4.0 %K%/4,. %,
3-00%+,'3/.D *' 3'L-'%0+ ,+ +-3%*('+ &% /.1'=+(')* 4%01-0>+ +, /'1. 4-%3 %3+ +-3%*('+
/'3/+ 3%06 3-B'('%*1%/%*1% .>K%1'=+&+ (./. 4+0+ =.,=%03% ,%:'>,%M E B'*+,/%*1% ,+
+-3%*('+ &% /.1'=+(')* 3% 1.0*+06 /.1'=+(')* 3%:-*&+ %, /'1. 3%06 0%31+>,%('&.
+ /.1'=+(')* %3 B+1+, E *. 4.0 %3. /%*.3 B0+:/%*1+0'+ * 40'/%0 ,-:+0 *. %3
N*+1-0+,ND ,+ 5'31.0'+ %3
,+ L-% 40.=%% 3-3 +*+,.:2+3 + ,+ B.0/+ .0 .10+ 4+01% ,+ +*+,.:2+ %*10% %,
3%*1'&. E %, (.*(%41. 3'%/40% %3 4+0('+,D ,+ B.0/+ &%K+ &% ,+&. /-(5.3 +*6,.:.3 E
3),. 0%1'%*% -*.3 4.(.3 .*3%0=+ %, 1%(5. '*(,'*+&. ,+3 =':+3 +4+0%*1%3 &%, (5+,%1
=+3(.M +>+*&.*+ ,+ %3(+,%0+ %, :0+*%0. ,+ 461'*+ %1( 3 *%(%3+0'. '*(,-3. '0 /63
,%K.3D -*+ '/+:%* %<(,-'02+ +, /'1. . +, /%*.3 ,. .>,':+02+ + (+41+0 &% %,,+ 3),.
3- 1.1+,'&+& 31% O,1'/. (+3. %3 %, &% ,+ /+,+ 4'*1-0+ (.*310-'&+ 2*1%:0+/%*1% 3.>0%
%, /'1. &% ,. N(./4,%1.N E &% ,. N(.*(,-'&.N Q%, (+3. '*=%03. 4%0. 3'/C10'(. &%, /'1.
&%, +>3-0&.D +L-2 ,+ B.0/+ /'1'B'(+ -*+ N+-3%*('+NM +,,6 -*+ 40%3%*('+ %<(%3'=+R
%0. %* :%*%0+, %, /'1. 40%B'%0% 10+>+K+0 (.* +E-&+ &% '/6:%*%3 4.>0%3
'*(./4,%1+3 &.*&% %, 3%*1'&. E+ %316 1.1+,/%*1% &%3>+31+&. ,'31. 4+0+ -*+
3':*'B'(+(')*D (+0'(+1-0+3 '/'1+('.*%3 32/>.,.3 %1( .0 O,1'/. ,+ /.1'=+(')* %3
%,%:'&+ %*10% .10+3 4.3'>,%3D 4-%&. &+0 + ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+ /-(5.3 .10.3
3':*'B'(+*1%3 +4+01% &% ,+ =%*'+ &% -* *%:0.D -* :%*%0+, B0+*(C3 (.*&%(.0+ + -*
3%*%:+,C3 /+*(. -*+ /.*K+ ,% +,(+*7+ -*+ 1'3+*+ + -* 60+>% %*B%0/. -* /+%310.
>,+*(. &+ (,+3% + -*.3 *%:0'1.3 +1%*1.3D ,+ 40%*3+ 3% %*(+0:+ &% &%/.310+0 1.&.3 ,.3
&2+3 L-% ,+ 0%3%0=+ &% 3':*'B'(+*1%3 %3 '*+:.1+>,%
+E 4.0 .10+ 4+01% -*+ (./4+0+(')* L-% &+06 4%0B%(1+/%*1% (-%*1+ &% ,+
3':*'B'(+(')* /21'(+D *. %3 *' /63 *' /%*.3 +0>'10+0'+ L-% -* '&%.:0+/+ , /'1. %3
-* 3'31%/+ '&%.:06B'(. 4-0. %* %, L-% ,+3 B.0/+3 %316* 1.&+=2+ /.1'=+&+3 4.0 %,
(.*(%41. L-% 0%40%3%*1+* +-*L-% *. 0%(->0%* *' /-(5. /%*.3 ,+ 1.1+,'&+&
0%40%3%*1+1'=+ &%, /'3/. /.&. L-% %, '&%.:0+/+ + 10+=C3 &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ 5+ '&.
+>+*&.*+*&. %, (.*(%41. 4+0+ +3.('+03% +, 3.*'&. E &% %31+ /+*%0+ 5+ '&.
5+('C*&.3% (+&+ =%7 /%*.3 /.1'=+&. %, &%1%0'.0. &% -* /'1. 3% 0%(.*.(% 4.0 ,.
+0>'10+0'. &% 3- 3':*'B'(+(')*D 1.&. .,'%0% %* -*+ :.0:-%0+ &% /C&'(.

$# / " #

S )/. %3 0%('>'&. %, /'1.T 3 40%('3. 0%1.0*+0 -*+ =%7 /63 + ,+ &-4,'('&+& &%
3- 3':*'B'(+*1% 3%*1'&. E B.0/+ +, /'3/. 1'%/4. %:O* 4.*:+ ,+ +1%*(')* %* -*. -
.10. . %* ,.3 &.3 + ,+ =%7 40.&-('06 10%3 1'4.3 &'B%0%*1%3 &% ,%(1-0+
' 4.*:. /' +1%*(')* %* -* 3':*'B'(+*1% =+(2. &%K. L-% %, (.*(%41. ,,%*% ,+

,+3 +01%3 L-% *. L-'%0%* %,%:'0 %*10% ,+ $ E ,+ $ E L-% -1','7+* ,+ 40'/%0+ (./. '&%+, E ,+
3%:-*&+ (./. %(.*./2+ 1'(+/%*1% 5+E -*+ %34%('% &% >+K%7+ %* K-:+0 %* ,.3 &.3 1+>,%0.3

+ ,'>%01+& &% %*B.L-% %3 -* 40.>,%/+ L-% *. 3% ='*(-,+ + ,+ 3%/'.,.:2+D &%4%*&% &% ,+ 3'1-+(')*
(.*(0%1+ &%, 3-K%1.

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

B.0/+ &%, /'1. 3'* +/>':V%&+& E /% %*(-%*10. B0%*1% + -* 3'31%/+ 3'/4,% %* %, L-%
,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* =-%,=% + 3%0 ,'1%0+,D %, *%:0. L-% 3+,-&+ %3 -* , &% ,+
'/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+ %3 3- 31+ /+*%0+ &% %*B.(+0 %3 4.0 %K%/4,. ,+ &%,
40.&-(1.0 &% /'1.3 ,+ &%, 4%0'.&'31+ L-% 4+01% &% -* (.*(%41. E ,% >-3(+ -*+ B.0/+ 9
' 4.*:. /' +1%*(')* %* -* 3':*'B'(+*1% ,,%*. %* %, L-% &'31'*:. (,+0+/%*1%
%, 3%*1'&. &% ,+ B.0/+ E 4.0 (.*3':-'%*1% ,+ &%B.0/+(')* L-% -*. 40.&-(% %* ,+
.10+ &%35+:. ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* &%, /'1. ,. 0%('>. (./. -*+ '/4.31-0+D %, *%:0. L-%
5+(% ,+ =%*'+ &%='%*% ,+ &% ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+ 31% 1'4. &% %*B.L-% %3
%, &%, /'1),.:.D C, &%3('B0+ %, /'1. (./40%*&% -*+ &%B.0/+(')*
.0 O,1'/. 3' 4.*:. /' +1%*(')* %* %, 3':*'B'(+*1% &%, /'1. (./. %* -* 1.&.
'*%<10'(+>,% &% 3%*1'&. E &% B.0/+ 0%('>. -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* +/>':-+D 0%34.*&. +,
/%(+*'3/. (.*31'1-1'=. &%, /'1. + 3- &'*6/'(+ 40.4'+ /% (.*='%01. %* %, ,%(1.0 &%,
/'1.D %, *%:0. L-% 3+,-&+ *. %3 /63 *' %K%/4,. *' 32/>.,. /-(5. /%*.3 (.+01+&+D
%3 ,+ /'3/+ &% ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+
+3 &.3 40'/%0+3 /+*%0+3 &% 3'1-+03% 3.* &% .0&%* %3161'(. +*+,21'(.M
&%310-E%* %, /'1. E+ 3%+ 40%:.*+*&. 3- '*1%*(')* E+ 3%+ &%3%*/+3(+06*&.,+ +
40'/%0+ %3 (2*'(+ ,+ 3%:-*&+ %3 &%3/'1'B'(+*1% + 1%0(%0+ B.0/+ %3 &'*6/'(+
(.*3-/% %, /'1. 3%:O* ,.3 B'*%3 40.4'.3 &% 3- %310-(1-0+D %, ,%(1.0 ='=% %, /'1. + ,+
/+*%0+ &% -*+ 5'31.0'+ + ,+ =%7 =%0&+&%0+ % '00%+,
' 3% L-'%0% ='*(-,+0 %, %3L-%/+ /21'(. + -*+ 5'31.0'+ :%*%0+, %<4,'(+0 ()/.
0%34.*&% +, '*1%0C3 &% -*+ 3.('%&+& &%B'*'&+ %3 &%('0 4+3+0 &% ,+ 3%/'.,.:2+ + ,+
'&%.,.:2+ 5+E L-% 3'1-+03% %='&%*1%/%*1% %* %, *'=%, &%, 1%0(%0 %*B.L-%D %, 40.4'.
,%(1.0 &% /'1.3 %3 L-'%* &%>% 0%=%,+0 3- B-*(')* %3%*('+, S )/. 0%('>% 5.E %, /'1.T
' ,. 0%('>% &% -*+ /+*%0+ '*.(%*1% SL-C '*1%0C3 4-%&% %<'31'0 %* 40.4.*C03%,.T 3'
,. ,%% &% -*+ /+*%0+ 0%B,%<'=+ (./. %, /'1),.:. SL-C '/4.01+ ,+ (.+01+&+
40%3%*1+&+T ' %, ,%(1.0 &% /'1. *. =% %* %, *%:0. L-% 3+,-&+ ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+&
B0+*(%3+ %0+ '*O1', 5+(%0 %, %3B-%07.M E 3' ,+ =% %, /'1. *. %3 /63 L-% -*+ 40.4.3'(')*
4.,21'(+ ,%+,/%*1% %*-*('+&+ * -*+ 4+,+>0+ . >'%* ,+ '*1%*(')* &%, /'1. %3
&%/+3'+&. .3(-0+ 4+0+ 3%0 %B'(+7 . >'%* %3 &%/+3'+&. (,+0+ 4+0+ 3%0 (0%2&+ * ,.3
&.3 (+3.3 S&)*&% %316 ,+ +/>':V%&+&T
. +*1%0'.0 %3 -*+ B+,3+ +,1%0*+1'=+ , /'1. *. .(-,1+ *+&+ E *. 40%:.*+ *+&+D
&%B.0/+M %, /'1. *. %3 *' -*+ /%*1'0+ *' -*+ (.*B%3')*D %3 -*+ '*B,%<')* .,.(+&.
B0%*1% + ,+ +,1%0*+1'=+ &% ,+ L-% 5+>,+>+ 5+(% -* '*31+*1% %, /'1. %*(-%*10+ -*+
1%0(%0+ 3+,'&+ /%*+7+&. &% &%3+4+0%(%0 3' (%&% + -*+ - .10+ &% ,+3 &.3 40'/%0+3
B.0/+3 &% 3'1-+03% %3(+4+ /%&'+*1% -* (./40./'3.M %, /'1. %3 %3% (./40./'3.D
%*(+0:+&. &% N5+(%0 4+3+0N -* (.*(%41. '*1%*('.*+, %, /'1. %*(-%*10+ %* %, ,%*:-+K%
3),. 10+'(')* 4-%3 %, ,%*:-+K% *. 4-%&% 5+(%0 .10+ (.3+ L-% >.00+0 %, (.*(%41. 3' ,.
.(-,1+M . &%3%*/+3(+0+0,. 3' ,. %*-*('+ + %,+>.0+(')* &% -* 3'31%/+
3%/'.,):'(. 4%0/'1% +, /'1. %3(+4+0 +, &',%/+D (.*/'*+&. + &%=%,+0 . + ,'L-'&+0 %,
(.*(%41. ,. L-% 5+(% %3 4
31+/.3 %* %, 40'*('4'. /'3/. &%, /'1.D C, 10+*3B.0/+ ,+ 5'31.0'+ %*
*+1-0+,%7+ *1.*(%3 3% (./40%*&% 4.0 L-C , ,+
'*1%*(')* ,+ +0:-/%*1+(')* +& 5./'*%/ &%, (.*(%41. 4-%&% 4%0/+*%(%0 /+*'B'%31+
3'* L-% 4+0%7(+ 3'* %/>+0:. '*1%0%3+&+D ,+ (+-3+ L-% 5+(% 40.B%0'0 %, 5+>,+ /21'(+ %3

9 %('>'/.3 ,+ &%*./'*+(')* &%, ,%)* (./. -* 4-0. , &% :0+/61'(+ ,+1'*+ 4.0L-% %31+/.3
%* -*+ 4.3'(')* (0%+1'=+ %* 0%,+(')* + %,,+ !.,=%0C /63 +&%,+*1% 3.>0% %, =+,.0
&%, (.*1%<1. %* %31% %3L-%/+ /21'(.
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4%0B%(1+/%*1% %<4,2('1+ 4%0. &% '*/%&'+1. L-%&+ (.*=%01'&+ %* *+1-0+,%7+M *. %3

,%2&+ (./. /)=', 3'*. (./. 0+7)* ' ,%. +, *%:0.@3+,-&+*&. (./. 32/>.,. 4-0. E
3'/4,% &% ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& 1%*:. L-% 0%*-*('+0 + ,+ 0%+,'&+& &% ,+ '/+:%* %,,+ 3%
&%3+(0%&'1+ + /'3 .K.3 +, (.*=%01'03% %* '*310-/%*1. .0 %, (.*10+0'. 3' &%3('B0. %,
3+,-&. &%, *%:0. (./. (.+01+&+ &% ,+ (.,.*'+,'&+& +*'L-',. +O* (.* /63
(.*1-*&%*('+ +, /'1. (.* ,+ %='&%*('+ &% 3- /)=', %0. 4+0+ %, ,%(1.0 &% /'1. ,+
3+,'&+ %3 /-E &'B%0%*1%D 1.&. 3-(%&% (./. 3' ,+ '/+:%* 40.=.(+0+
(./. 3' %, 3':*'B'(+*1% $ %, 3':*'B'(+&.M %, /'1. %<'31% + 4+01'0 &%,
/./%*1. 40%('3. %* L-% ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+ 4+3+ +, %31+&. &% *+1-0+,%7+D %,
/'1. %3 -* 5+>,+ 1 K-31'B'(+&+
!%+/.3 -* *-%=. %K%/4,. L-% 4%0/'1'06 (./40%*&%0 (,+0+/%*1% ()/. %, ,%(1.0
&% /'1. 1%0/'*+ 4.0 0+('.*+,'7+0 %, 3':*'B'(+&. 4.0 %, 3':*'B'(+*1% 31+/.3 %* K-,'.D
,%. -* :0+* 1'1-,+0 %* != + D c ! D ^ J
31+>,%7(+/.3 064'&+/%*1% %, %3L-%/+ 3%/'.,):'(.D %, %K%/4,. %3 -*+ B0+3% %,
40'/%0 3'31%/+ %3 4-0+/%*1% ,'*:V231'(. , 3':*'B'(+*1% &%, 3%:-*&. 3'31%/+ %316
(.*31'1-'&. 4.0 ('%01. *O/%0. &% +(('&%*1%3 ,%<'(+,%3 Q,+3 4+,+>0+3D 4
G>+K+HR . 1'4.:06B'(.3D %*.0/%3 ,%10+3 &% 1'1-,+0%3 %* %, ,-:+0 &.*&% %, ,%(1.0 0%('>%
.0&'*+0'+/%*1% ,+3 *.1'('+3 /63 '/4.01+*1%3 &%, /-*&. , 3':*'B'(+&. . (.*(%41. %3
+,:. L-% &%>%0*.3 &%*./'*+0 (.* -* *%.,.:'3/. >60>+0. 4%0. '*%='1+>,%D ,+
%, :.>'%0*. (.*(%>'&. 4.0 ,+ :0+* 40%*3+ (./. %3%*('+ &% %B'(+('+
+ 3':*'B'(+(')* &%, /'1. 3-0:% (,+0+/%*1%D ,+3 B0-1+3 E ,+3 ,%:-/>0%3 >+K+* " %,
:.>'%0*. ,. 5+ &%('&'&. %0. .(-00% P(+3. &% 1.&+3 /+*%0+3 >+31+*1% 0+0.P L-% %,
&'+0'. /'3/. 3%+ 4.0 3%:-0'&+& 3%+ 4.0 5.*%31'&+& &.3 ,2*%+3 /63 +>+K. &%3/.*1+
%, /'1. L-% +(+>+>+ &% %,+>.0+0 :0%:+ Q%3 ('%01. %* (+0+(1%0%3 /.&%31.3RD N + >+K+
5+ 3'&. B+(','1+&+ 4.0 ,+ +>-*&+*('+ &% %31+(')* N 31% %K%/4,. 0%3-,1+ '*310-(1'=. 4.0
&.3 0+7.*%3 * 40'/%0 ,-:+0 3% =% +,,2 &% ,,%*. %, (+06(1%0 '/40%3'=. &%, /'1.D ,. L-%
3% %34%0+ &% C, %3 -* %B%(1. '*/%&'+1. .(. '/4.01+ 3' %, /'1. %3 &%34-C3
&%3/.*1+&.M 3% 40%3-/% L-% 3- +((')* %3 /63 B-%01% L-% ,+3 %<4,'(+('.*%3 0+('.*+,%3
L-% 4-%&%* &%3/%*1'0,. 4.(. /63 1+0&% 31. L-'%0% &%('0 L-% ,+ ,%(1-0+ &%, /'1. 3%
+:.1+ &% -* 3.,. :.,4% (5. +, 4+3+0 -* ='31+7. +, != &% /' =%('*.D 0%(.K. -*
3.,. 4%0. ,%. +,,2 -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* =%0&+&%0+D ,+ 40%3%*('+ &% ,+ +((')*
:->%0*+/%*1+, %* ,+ >+K+ &%, 40%('. &% ,+3 B0-1+3 E ,+3 =%0&-0+3 3. %3 1.&. E %3
3-B'('%*1% *+ ,%(1-0+ /63 /'*-('.3+ &%, /'1. &% *'*:O* /.&. +-/%*1+06 *' %,
4.&%0 *' %, B0+(+3.D %, /'1. %3 + ,+ =%7 '/4%0B%(1'>,% % '*&'3(-1'>,% ' %, 1'%/4. *' %,
3+>%0 ,% +:0%:+06* *+&+ 1+/4.(. ,% L-'1+06* *+&+ &%/63 ,+ *+1-0+,'7+(')* &%,
(.*(%41. L-% +(+>. &% 3-:%0'0 (./. ,+ B-*(')* %3%*('+, &%, /'1. %3 +L-2 %K%/4,+0D
%* -* 3'31%/+ 40'/%0. Q%<(,-3'=+/%*1% ,'*:V231'(.R ,+ (+-3+,'&+& 3%02+ ,'1%0+,/%*1%
*+1-0+,D B0-1+3 E =%0&-0+3 >+K+* 4.0L-% %3 ,+ 1%/4.0+&+ * %, 3'31%/+ 3%:-*&.
Q/21'(.R ,+ (+-3+,'&+& %3 +01'B'('+, B+,3+ 4%0. 3% &%3,'7+ &% +,:-*+ /+*%0+ %* ,.3
B-0:.*%3 &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ .0 %3. %, /'1. %3 ='='&. (./. -*+ 4+,+>0+ '*.(%*1%M *.
4.0L-% 3-3 '*1%*('.*%3 3%+* .(-,1+3 Q3' B-%0+* .(-,1+3 *. 4.&02+* 3%0 %B'(+(%3R 3'*.
4.0L-% %316* *+1-0+,'7+&+3
* 0%+,'&+& ,. L-% 4%0/'1% +, ,%(1.0 (.*3-/'0 '*.(%*1%/%*1% %, /'1. %3 L-% *.
=% %* C, -* 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. 3'*. -* 3'31%/+ '*&-(1'=. ,,2 &.*&% 3),. %<'31%
-*+ %L-'=+,%*('+ %, ,%(1.0 =% -*+ %34%('% &% 40.(%3. (+-3+,D %, 3':*'B'(+*1% E %,
3':*'B'(+&. 1'%*%* + 3-3 .K.3 0%,+('.*%3 &% *+1-0+,%7+ % 4-%&% %<40%3+0 %31+
(.*B-3')* &% .10. /.&.D 1.&. 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. %3 -* 3'31%/+ &% =+,.0%3M +5.0+
>'%* %, (.*3-/'&.0 &%, /'1. 1./+ ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* 4.0 -* 3'31%/+ &% 5%(5.3M %, /'1.
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%3 ,%2&. (./. -* 3'31%/+ B+(1-+, (-+*&. 3),. %3 -* 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(.

" 1 + #

SU-C %3 ,. %34%(2B'(. &%, /'1.T 3 10+*3B.0/+0 -* 3%*1'&. %* B.0/+ '(5. &%

.10. /.&. %, /'1. %3 3'%/40% -* 0.>. &% ,%*:-+K% .>. %, *%:0. L-% 5+(% ,+ =%*'+
%, (5+,%1 >,+*(. E 4+0&. ,+ >+K+ &% 1%/4.0+&+ &%, 40%('. &% ,+3 B0-1+3 *. 4+0+ 5+(%0
&% %,,.3 %K%/4,.3 . 32/>.,.3 3'*. 4+0+ *+1-0+,'7+0 + 10+=C3 3-E. %, /4%0'. /'
:-31. 4.0 ,+3 (.3+3 =+3(+3 %, :.>'%0*. S .&. ,%*:-+K% 40'/%0. %3 B+1+,/%*1% 40%3+
&%, /'1.T S . %<'31% *'*:O* 3%*1'&. L-% 4-%&+ 0%3'31'0 + %31+ (+41-0+ %* ,+ L-% ,+
B.0/+ ,. +/%*+7+T * 0%+,'&+& *+&+ 4-%&% 4.*%03% + (->'%01. &%, /'1. %, /'1.
4-%&% &%3+00.,,+0 3- %3L-%/+ 3%:-*&. + 4+01'0 &% (-+,L-'%0 3%*1'&. E 3%:O* ,.
5%/.3 ='31. + 10+=C3 &% ,+ 40'=+(')* /'3/+ &% 3%*1'&. %0. 1.&.3 ,.3 ,%*:-+K%3 *.
0%3'31%* &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+
+ ,%*:-+ L-% %3 %, ,%*:-+K% /63 B0%(-%*1%/%*1% 0.>+&. 4.0 %, /'1. .B0%(%
-*+ 0%3'31%*('+ &C>', .*1'%*% %* 32 ('%01+3 &'34.3'('.*%3 /21'(+3 %, %3>.7. &% -*
+4+0+1. &% 3':*.3 &%31'*+&.3 + /+*'B%31+0 ,+ '*1%*(')* L-% ,+ 5+(% %/4,%+0 3 ,. L-%
4.&02+/.3 ,,+/+0 ,+ 1 &% ,+ ,%*:-+D ,.3 /.&.3 '/4%0+1'=. . 3->K-*1'=.
4.0 %K%/4,. 3.* ,+ B.0/+ &% -* 3':*'B'(+&. 4+01'(-,+0 &'B%0%*1% &%, 3%*1'&. ,
3':*'B'(+&. %* %31.3 (+3.3 %3 /' =.,-*1+& . /' 0-%:. .0 %3. +,:-*.3 ,'*:V'31+3 5+*
&%B'*'&. %, '*&'(+1'=. 4.0 %K%/4,. (./. -* %31+&. . :0+&. (%0. B0%*1% +, 3->K-*1'=.
. +, '/4%0+1'=. 5.0+ >'%* %* %, /'1. 4,%*+/%*1% (.*31'1-'&. %, 3%*1'&. *. %316
*-*(+ %* %, :0+&. (%0. E 4.0 %3+ 0+7)* %, (.*(%41. 4-%&% &%B.0/+0,. *+1-0+,'7+0,.
+E L-% 0%(.0&+0 -*+ =%7 /63 L-% ,+ 40'=+(')* &% 3%*1'&. *. %3 &% *'*:O* /.&. -*
:0+&. (%0. 4.0 ,. L-% %, /'1. 4-%&% 4%0B%(1+/%*1% +4.&%0+03% &% C, &+0,% 4.0
%K%/4,. ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* &%, +>3-0&. &%, 3-00%+,'3/. %1( * %, B.*&. 3),. %, :0+&.
(%0. 4.&02+ 0%3'31'0 +, /'1.
+ ,%*:-+ 3% 40%31+ +, /'1. &% .10+ /+*%0+D %3 /-E 0+0. L-% '/4.*:+ &%3&% %,
40'/%0 /./%*1. -* 3%*1'&. 4,%*. '*&%B.0/+>,% 31. 3% &%>% + ,+ +>310+((')* &% 3-
(.*(%41.D %, (.*(%41. &% % %3 =+:. 4%0/'1% /O,1'4,%3 (.*1'*:%*('+3 '* &-&+ ,+
,%*:-+ &'34.*% &% 1.&. -* +4+0+1. +40.4'+1'=. 0 60>., 60>., " %1( R %0.
L-%&+ 3'%/40% +,0%&%&.0 &%, 3%*1'&. B'*+, -* %34%3.0 ='01-+, %* %, L-% B,.1+* .10.3
3%*1'&.3 4.3'>,%3D %, 3%*1'&. 4-%&% 3%0 (+3' (.*31+*1%/%*1% .&02+
&%('03% L-% ,+ ,%*:-+ 40.4.*% +, /'1. -* 3%*1'&. %* 5-%(. , /'1. 4-%&% B6(',/%*1%
'*3'*-+03% &',+1+03% %* C,D %3 -* 0.>. 4.0 (.,.*'7+(')* Q4.0 %K%/4,.D >+K+ 3% '*'('+
S %0. L-C >+K+T S + &% 1%/4.0+&+ . ,+ &%, :.>'%0*.T + 3':*'B'(+(')* 3% =-%,=%
4+063'1+ &%, +012(-,. +-*L-% 3%+ &%B'*'&. R
-+*&. %, 3%*1'&. %316 &%/+3'+&. ,,%*. 4+0+ L-% %, /'1. 4-%&+ '*=+&'0,. ,.
0.&%+ ,. 0.>+ %* 3- 1.1+,'&+& 3 ,. L-% ,% 4+3+ +, ,%*:-+K% /+1%/61'(. * 32 %3 -*
,%*:-+K% '*&%B.0/+>,% L-% 5+ 1./+&. 1.&+3 ,+3 40%(+-('.*%3 4.3'>,%3 (.*10+ ,+
+ *'*:-*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* 4+063'1+ 4-%&% '*3'*-+03% %* C, 0%('3+/%*1%
4.0 %3. %, /'1. 3% =+ + +4.&%0+0 %* >,.L-% &% C,M 1./+06 -*+ &%1%0/'*+&+ B)0/-,+
/+1%/61'(+ Q ` /% R E 5+06 &% %3% 3%*1'&. '*+,1%0+>,% %, 3':*'B'(+*1% 4-0. &% ,+
/+1%/+1'('&+& ./. 3% +&='%01% ,. L-% %, /'1. 0.>+ %* %31% (+3. %3 -*+ 0%3'31%*('+
-*+ 4-0%7+ , /'1. 4-%&% +,(+*7+0 1.&. (.00./4%0 1.&. 5+31+ %, /'3/.
/.='/'%*1. L-% 3% *'%:+ + C, +3 (.3+3 .(-00%* &% 3-%01% L-% (-+*1. /63 %, ,%*:-+K%
0%3'31% +, 40'*('4'. /+E.0 %3 3- 40.31'1-(')* B'*+,M L-'%* 0%3'31% 1.1+,/%*1% (%&%
Roland Barthes Mitologías

1.1+,/%*1%D '*31%'* &% -* ,+&. ( ! &%, .10. % 4-%&% &+0 -*+ '/+:%*
1%/4.0+, &% C31% (.*B,'(1.D %, ,%*:-+K% /+1%/61'(. %3 -* ,%*:-+K% L-% %<10+%
3- 40.4'+ 4%0B%((')* &% %3+ /-%01% (.*3%*1'&+M %, /'1. %3 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. -*
,%*:-+K% L-% *. L-'%0% /.0'0D +00+*(+ + ,.3 3%*1'&.3 &% ,.3 L-%
3% +,'/%*1+ -*+ 3-4%0='=%*('+ '*3'&'.3+ &%:0+&+&+ 40.=.(+ %* %,,.3 -*+
40)00.:+ +01'B'('+, %* ,+ L-% 3% '*31+,+ ()/.&+/%*1% ,.3 (.*='%01% %* (+&6=%0%3
4+0,+*1%3
% +L-2 .10. ,%*:-+K% L-% 0%3'31% (-+*1. 4-%&% +, /'1.D *-%310. ,%*:-+K%
4.C1'(. + 4.%32+ (.*1%/4.06*%+ %3 '%*10+3 L-% %,
/'1. +4-*1+ + -*+ -,10+3':*'B'(+(')* + ,+ +/4,'B'(+(')* &% -* 3'31%/+ 40'/%0. ,+
4.%32+ 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. 10+1+ &% 0%%*(.*10+0 -*+ '*B0+3':*'B'(+(')* -* %31+&.
40%3%/'.,):'(. &%, ,%*:-+K%M %* 3-/+ 3% %3B-%07+ 4.0 0%10+*3B.0/+0 %, 3':*. %*
3%*1'&.D 3- '&%+, P1%*&%*('+,P 3%02+ ,,%:+0 *. +, 3%*1'&. &% ,+3 4+,+>0+3 3'*. +,
3%*1'&. /'3/. &% ,+3 (.3+3 3 4.0 %3. L-% ,+ 4.%32+ 4%01-0>+ ,+ ,%*:-+ +-/%*1+
1+*1. (./. 4-%&% ,+ +>310+((')* &%, (.*(%41. E ,. +0>'10+0'. &%, 3':*. E &'31'%*&%
5+31+ %, ,2/'1% &% ,. 4.3'>,% ,+ 0%,+(')* &%, 3':*'B'(+*1% E &%, 3':*'B'(+&. + %310-(1-0+
NB,.1+*1%N &%, (.*(%41. %3 +L-2 %<4,.1+&+ +, /6<'/.D (.*10+0'+/%*1% + ,+ 40.3+ %,
3':*. 4.C1'(. 10+1+ &% 5+(%0 40%3%*1% 1.&. %, 4.1%*('+, &%, 3':*'B'(+&. (.* ,+
%34%0+*7+ &% +,(+*7+0 4.0 B'* -*+ 3-%01% &% (-+,'&+& 10+3(%*&%*1% &% ,+ (.3+ 3-
3%*1'&. *+1-0+, QE *. 5-/+*.R % +52 ,+3 +/>'('.*%3 %3%*('+,'31+3 &% ,+ 4.%32+ ,+
(.*='((')* &% L-% 3),. %,,+ (+41+ K-31+/%*1% 4.0 %, 5%(5. &% L-% 3%
+3-/% (./. +*1',%*:-+K% * &%B'*'1'=+ &% 1.&.3 ,.3 -3-+0'.3 &% ,+ 4+,+>0+ ,.3
4.%1+3 3.* ,.3 /%*.3 B.0/+,'31+3 4-%3 3.* ,.3 O*'(.3 L-% (0%%* L-% %, 3%*1'&. &% ,+3
4+,+>0+3 *. %3 /63 L-% -*+ B.0/+ (.* ,+ (-+, ,.3 0%+,'31+3 *. 4.&02+* (.*B.0/+03%
3 4.0 %3. L-% *-%310+ 4.%32+ /.&%0*+ 3% 40%3%*1+ 3'%/40% (./. -* +3%3'*+1. &%,
,%*:-+K% -*+ 3-%01% &% +*6,.:. %34+('+, 3%*3'>,% &%, 3',%*('. + 4.%32+ .(-4+ ,+
4.3'(')* '*=%03+ &%, /'1.D %, /'1. %3 -* 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. L-% 40%1%*&%
&%3>.0&+03% %* 3'31%/+ B+(1-+,M ,+ 4.%32+ %3 -* 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. L-% 40%1%*&%
0%10+(1+03% %* 3'31%/+ %3%*('+,
%0. -*+ =%7 /63 (./. %* %, ,%*:-+K% /+1%/61'(. ,+ 0%3'31%*('+ /'3/+ &% ,+
4.%32+ 5+(% &% %,,+ -*+ 40%3+ '&%+, 4+0+ %, /'1.D %, &%3.0&%* +4+0%*1% &% ,.3 3':*.3
0.310. 4.C1'(. &% -* .0&%* %3%*('+, %3 (+41-0+&. 4.0 %, /'1. 10+*3B.0/+&. %*
3':*'B'(+*1% =+(2. L-% 3%0='06 4+0+ $ + ,+ 4.%32+ 31. %<4,'(+ %Y (+06(1%0
&% ,+ 4.%32+ /.&%0*+D +, 0%(5+7+0 B%0.7/%*1% %, /'1. ,+ 4.%32+ 3% %*10%:+
+ C, +1+&+ &% 4'%3 E /+*.3 ,+ '*=%03+ ,+ &% ,+ 4.%32+ (,63'(+ (.*31'1-2+ -*
/'1. (.*3%*1'&. (-E+ 0%34,+*&%('%*1% +0>'10+0'%&+& B.0/+>+ -*+ &%1%0/'*+&+
4%0B%((')* 4-%31. L-% %, %L-','>0'. &% -* 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. &%4%*&% &% ,+

+ 4.%32+ (,63'(+ 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. 3%0,+ -* 3'31%/+ B-%01%/%*1% /21'(. 4-%31. L-% '/4.*% +, 3%*1'&.
-* 3':*'B'(+&. 3-4,%/%*1+0'. L-% %3 ,+ , +,%K+*&0'*. 4.0 %K%/4,. =+,% + ,+ =%7 (./.
3%*1'&. &% -* &'3(-03. E (./. 3':*'B'(+*1% &% +,:. 1.1+,/%*1% *-%=.D 3- 3':*'B'(+(')* 4.C1'(+ ,
,.:0. (-+*&. 3% 40.&-(% 3% &%>% +, :0+&. &% B-3')* +4+0%*1% &% ,.3 &.3 3'31%/+3 % =% L-% *. 3%
10+1+ &% *'*:O* /.&. &% -*+ +0/.*2+ %*10% %, B.*&. E ,+ B.0/+ 3'*. &% -*+ +>3.0(')* &% -*+
B.0/+ %* .10+ *1'%*&. 4.0 ,+ /+E.0 %(.*./2+ 4.3'>,% &% /%&'.3 ),. 4.0 -* +>-3. 3%(-,+0
,+ (021'(+ (.*B-*&% %, E %, $ + ,%*:-+ *. %3 /63 L-% -* 3'31%/+ &% B.0/+3 %, 3%*1'&. %3
-*+ B.0/+

!.,=%/.3 + %*(.*10+0 %, 1+, (./. ,. %*1'%*&% +010% (./. (-+,'&+& *+1-0+, &% ,+3 (.3+3
3'1-+&. B-%0+ &% -* d/%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. 0= 9 4 R
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+0>'10+0'%&+& &% 3-3 3':*.3

, (.*3%*1'/'%*1. =.,-*1+0'. +, /'1. 4-%&% 4.0 .10+ 4+01% &%B'*'0 *-%310+
,'1%0+1-0+ 10+&'('.*+, .0/+1'=+/%*1% %31+ ,'1%0+1-0+ %3 -* 3'31%/+ /21'(.
(+0+(1%0'7+&.D 5+E -* 3%*1'&. %, &%, &'3(-03.M 5+E -* 3':*'B'(+*1% L-% %3 %3% /'3/.
&'3(-03. (./. B.0/+ . %3(0'1-0+M 5+E -* 3':*'B'(+&. L-% %3 %, (.*(%41. &% ,'1%0+1-0+M
5+E -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* L-% %3 %, &'3(-03. ,'1%0+0'. >.0&C %31% 40.>,%/+ %* 6
L-% %* 0':.0 3),. %0+ -*+ /'1.,.:2+ &%, ,%*:-+K% ,'1%0+0'. ,,2 E.
&%B'*2+ ,+ %3(0'1-0+ (./. %, 3':*'B'(+*1% &%, /'1. ,'1%0+0'. %3 &%('0 (./. -*+ B.0/+ E+
4,%*+ &% 3%*1'&. E L-% 0%('>% &%, (.*(%41. &% ,'1%0+1-0+ -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* *-%=+ %
3-:%0'&. L-% ,+ 5'31.0'+ /.&'B'(+*&. ,+ (.*('%*('+ &%, %3(0'1.0 5+>2+ 40.=.(+&.
5+(% +,0%&%&.0 &% ('%* +8.3 -*+ (0'3'3 /.0+, &%, ,%*:-+K% ,'1%0+0'.D ,+ %3(0'1-0+ 3%
&%=%,) (./. 3':*'B'(+*1% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ (./. 3':*'B'(+(')* , 0%(5+7+0 ,+ B+,3+
*+1-0+,%7+ &%, ,%*:-+K% ,'1%0+0'. 10+&'('.*+, %, %3(0'1.0 3% (.*B'*) ='.,%*1+/%*1% +
-*+ +*1'*+1-0+,%7+ &%, ,%*:-+K% + 3->=%03')* &% ,+ %3(0'1-0+ 5+ 3'&. %, +(1. 0+&'(+,
/%&'+*1% %, (-+, ('%01. *O/%0. &% %3(0'1.0%3 '*1%*1) *%:+0 ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ (./. 3'31%/+
/21'(. +&+ -*+ &% %3+3 0%>%,'.*%3 5+ 3'&. -* +3%3'*+1. &% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ (./.
3':*'B'(+(')*D 1.&+3 5+* 4.31-,+&. ,+ 0%&-((')* &%, &'3(-03. ,'1%0+0'. + -* 3'31%/+
3%/'.,):'(. 3'/4,% . '*(,-3. %* %, (+3. &% ,+ 4.%32+ + -* 3'31%/+ 40%3%/'.,):'(.
+0%+ '*/%*3+ L-% &%/+*&+>+ (.*&-(1+3 0+&'(+,%3D (./. 3% 3+>% +,:-*+3 ,,%:+0.* +
,+ 3-34%*3')* 4-0+ E 3'/4,% &%, &'3(-03. %, 3',%*('. 0%+, . 10+34-%31.
/+*'B%31+('.*%3 L-% +4+0%(%* (./. O*'(+ +0/+ 4.3'>,% (.*10+ %, /+E.0 4.&%0 &%,
/'1.D 3- 0%(-00%*('+
+0%(% 4.0 ,. 1+*1. %<10%/+&+/%*1% &'B2(', 0%&-('0 +, /'1. &%3&% %, '*1%0'.0
4-%3 %3% /'3/. /.='/'%*1. L-% 5+(%/.3 4+0+ ,'>%0+0*.3 &% C, &% 40.*1. 3% =-%,=%
-*+ 40%3+ &%, /'1.D %, /'1. 4-%&% %* O,1'/+ '*31+*('+ 3':*'B'(+0 ,+ 0%3'31%*('+ L-% 3%
,% .4.*% %+,/%*1% ,+ /%K.0 +0/+ (.*10+ %, /'1. %3 L-'763 /'1'B'(+0,. + 3- =%7
40.&-('0 -* $ + E %31% /'1. 0%(.*31'1-'&. 3%06 -*+ =%0&+&%0+ /'1.,.:2+
-%31. L-% %, /'1. 0.>+ ,%*:-+K% S4.0 L-C *. 0.>+0 %, /'1.T +31+06 4+0+ %,,. (.*
5+(%0 &% C, /'3/. %, 4-*1. &% 4+01'&+ &% -*+ 1%0(%0+ (+&%*+ 3%/'.,):'(+ (.* 4.*%0
3- 3':*'B'(+(')* (./. 40'/%0 1C0/'*. &% -* 3%:-*&. /'1. + ,'1%0+1-0+ .B0%(%
+,:-*.3 :0+*&%3 %K%/4,.3 &% %31+3 /'1.,.:2+3 +01'B'('+,%3 % &%1%*&0C %* >
(' &% ,+->%01 L-% %3 ,. L-% 4.&02+/.3 ,,+/+0 -* /'1. %<4%0'/%*1+, -* /'1.
&% 3%:-*&. :0+&. .-=+0& E 3- +/':. C(-(5%1 0%40%3%*1+* ('%01+ >-0:-%32+ Q%*
(.*B,'(1. 4.0 .10+ 4+01% (.* .10.3 %310+1.3 >-0:-%3%3R D 3-3 &'3(-03.3 (.*31'1-E%*
-*+ 4+,+>0+ /21'(+ + ,%*:-+ 1'%*% %* %3.3 &'3(-03.3 -* 3%*1'&. 4%0. %3% 3%*1'&. %3
,+ B.0/+ =+(2+ &% -* 3':*'B'(+&. (.*(%41-+, L-% +L-2 %3 -*+ %34%('% &% '*3+('+>','&+&
1%(*.,):'(+M %, %*(-%*10. &%, 3%*1'&. E &%, (.*(%41. B.0/+ %* %31% 40'/%0 3'31%/+
/21'(. -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')* L-% %3 ,+ 0%1)0'(+ &% .-=+0& E C(-(5%1 * %31% /./%*1.
Q&%3(./4.*:. 4.0 *%(%3'&+&%3 &%, +*6,'3'3R '*1%0='%*% ,+->%01D + %3% 40'/%0 3'31%/+
/21'(. L-% %3 E+ -* 3%:-*&. 3'31%/+ 3%/'.,):'(. =+ + 3-4%04.*%0,% -*+ 1%0(%0+

+, /%*.3 1+, (./. ,. &%B'*2+ %*1.*(%3 *. %3 -*+ B.0/+ *. &%4%*&% &% -* +*6,'3'3
3%/'.,):'(. &% ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ * 0%+,'&+& %, %31',. %3 -*+ 3-31+*('+ 3'* (%3+0 +/%*+7+&+ &%
B.0/+,'7+(')* * 40'/%0 ,-:+0 4-%&% 4%0B%(1+/%*1% &%:0+&+03% %* %3(0'1-0+D %<'31% -*+ %3(0'1-0+@
+,0+-< E %* %, 40.4'. +,0+-< .0 .10+ 4+01% %, %31',. 4-%&% =.,=%03% 4%0B%(1+/%*1% -* ,%*:-+K%
4+01'(-,+0D %, ,%*:-+K% L-% %, %3(0'1.0 -3+ , %31',. %3 %*1.*(%3 -*+ %34%('% &%
/'1. 3.,'43'31+ ,+ ,%*:-+ L-% %, %3(0'1.0 5+>,+M 3% (./40%*&% L-% (.* %3% :0+&. &% 3.,'&'B'(+(')* %,
%31',. 0%L-'%0+ -* &%3('B0+/'%*1. -*+ (0'1'(+ 40.B-*&+ .3 10+>+K.3 &% J @ '(5+0& 3.* -* %K%/4,.
&% %31+ (0'1'(+ *%(%3+0'+ &% ,.3 %31',.3
Roland Barthes Mitologías

(+&%*+ %* ,+ (-+, %, 40'/%0 %3,+>)* 3%06 ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* . 1C0/'*. B'*+, &%, 40'/%0
/'1.D ,+ 0%1)0'(+ &% .-=+0& E C(-(5%1 =+ + (.*=%01'03% %* ,+ B.0/+ &%, *-%=.
3'31%/+M %, (.*(%41. 3%06 %* %31% (+3. 40.&-('&. 4.0 '+->%01 /'3/. 4.0 ,+ /'0+&+
&% ,+->%01 3.>0% %, /'1. L-% 3% 5+>2+* (.*310-'&. .-=+0& E C(-(5%1 %06 C3+ 3-
=%,%'&+& (.*31'1-1'=+ 3- '*3+('+>','&+& ,+ +,1%0*+*('+ 46*'(+ &% 3-3 +40%*&'7+K%3 %*
-*+ 4+,+>0+ ,. L-% /% :-31+02+ ,,+/+0 Q4%0. 3'%*1. 0+E.3 %* %, 5.0'7.*1%RD ,+
>.-=+0&'4%(-(5'&+& * (-+*1. + ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* B'*+, %3 ,+ .>0+ %3 >
(' 4+0+ *.3.10.3 , 4.&%0 &%, 3%:-*&. /'1. (.*3'31% %* B-*&+0 %, 40'/%0.
(./. -*+ '*:%*-'&+& L-% 3'/4,%/%*1% 3% /'0+ ,+->%01 3% %*10%:) + -*+ =%0&+&%0+
0%31+-0+(')* +0L-%.,):'(+ &% -*+ 4+,+>0+ /21'(+D %3 %, !'.,,%1 ,% -( &% -* 1'4. &%
'&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ %0. /%*.3 '*:%*-. L-% !'.,,%1 ,% -( %* 3- 0%(.*31'1-(')* 5+
&'34-%31. .0*+/%*1.3 3-4,%/%*1+0'.3 L-% ,+ &%3/'31'B'(+*M %3.3 .0*+/%*1.3 QL-%
3.* ,+ B.0/+ &%, 3%:-*&. /'1.R 3.* &%, 1'4. 3->K-*1'=.D 5+E -*+ %L-'=+,%*('+
3%/'.,):'(+ %*10% ,+ 0%31'1-(')* 3->K-*1'=+ &% ,.3 &'3(-03.3 &% .-=+0& E C(-(5%1 E
3- =%,%'&.3'&+& W
, /C0'1. &% ,+->%01 QE &% 1.&+3 ,+3 /'1.,.:2+3 +01'B'('+,%3D ,+3 5+E *.1+>,%3 %*
,+ .>0+ &% +010%R %3 5+>%0 &+&. +, 40.>,%/+ &'@ 0%+,'3/. -*+ 3+,'&+ B0+*(+/%*1%
3%/'.,):'(+ '%01+/%*1% %3 -* /C0'1. '/4%0B%(1. 4-%3 ,+ '&%.,.:2+ &% ,+->%01
4+0+ L-'%* %, >-0:-C3 %0+ 3),. -*+ B%+,&+& %31C1'(+ *. 1-=. *+&+ &% 0%+,'31+ %0. +,
/%*.3 %='1) %, 4%(+&. (+4'1+, %* ,'1%0+1-0+ L-% %3 (.*B-*&'0 ,. 0%+, '&%.,):'(. E ,.
0%+, 3%/'.,):'(. ./. '&%.,.:2+ %, 0%+,'3/. ,'1%0+0'. *. &%4%*&% %* +>3.,-1. &% ,+
,%*:-+ 5+>,+&+ 4.0 %, %3(0'1.0 + ,%*:-+ %3 -*+ B.0/+ E *. 4.&02+ 3%0 0%+,'31+ .
'00%+,'31+ .&. ,. L-% 4-%&% 3%0 %3 /21'(+ . *. . '*(,-3. (./. %* >
(' (.*10+/21'(+ 5.0+ >'%* &%3+B.01-*+&+/%*1% *. 5+E *'*:-*+ +*1'4+12+
%*10% %, 0%+,'3/. E %, /'1. 3 3+>'&. 5+31+ L-C 4-*1. E (.* B0%(-%*('+ *-%310+
,'1%0+1-0+ N0%+,'31+N %3 /21'(+ Q+-*L-% /63 *. 3%+ (./. /'1. :0.3%0. &%, 0%+,'3/.R E
5+31+ L-C 4-*1. *-%310+ ,'1%0+1-0+ N'00%+,'31+N 1'%*% 4.0 ,. /%*.3 %, /C0'1. &% 3%0
4.(. /21'(+ . +&%(-+&. 3%02+ 3'* &-&+ &%B'*'0 %, 0%+,'3/. &%, %3(0'1.0 (./. -*
40.>,%/+ %3%*('+,/%*1% '&%.,):'(. .0 3-4-%31. *. %3 L-% *. 5+E+ -*+
0%34.*3+>','&+& &% ,+ B.0/+ 0%34%(1. &% ,. 0%+, %0. %31+ 0%34.*3+>','&+& 3),. 4-%&%
/%&'03% %* 1C0/'*.3 3%/'.,):'(.3 *+ B.0/+ 3),. 4-%&% K-7:+03% Q4-%31. L-% %<'31%
40.(%3.R (./. 3':*'B'(+(')* *. (./. %<40%3')* , ,%*:-+K% &%, %3(0'1.0 *. 1'%*%
(./. .>K%1'=. ,. 0%+, 3'*. 3':*'B'(+0,. 31. &%>%02+ '/4.*%0 + ,+ (021'(+ ,+
.>,':+(')* &% -3+0 &.3 /C1.&.3 0':-0.3+/%*1% &'31'*1.3D %3 *%(%3+0'. 10+1+0 %,
0%+,'3/. &%, %3(0'1.0 . >'%* (./. -*+ 3-31+*('+ '&%.,):'(+ Q4.0 %K%/4,. ,.3 1%/+3
/+0<'31+3 %* ,+ .>0+ &% 0%(51R . >'%* (./. -* =+,.0 3%/'.,):'(. Q,.3 .>K%1.3 %,
+(1.0 ,+ /O3'(+ ,.3 (.,.0%3 %* ,+ &0+/+1-0:'+ >0%(51'+*+R . '&%+, 3%02+
%='&%*1%/%*1% (.*K-:+0 %3+3 &.3 (021'(+3M %, %00.0 (.*31+*1% %3 (.*B-*&'0,+3D ,+
'&%.,.:2+ 1'%*% 3-3 /C1.&.3 ,+ 3%/'.,.:2+ ,.3 3-E.3

.0/+ 3->K-*1'=+ 4.0L-% &% %3+ /+*%0+ %, ,+12* %<40%:+>+ %, N%31',. . &'3(-03. '*&'0%(1.N +&/'0+>,%
'*310-/%*1. &% &%3/'31'B'(+(')*

W 31% >+0>+0'3/. 0%3-,1+ ,+ '*1%040%1+(')* /63 +40.<'/+&+ &%, *%.,.:'3/. N=%,,C'1+0'3/%N -3+&. %* %,
.0':'*+, G H

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+ # # "&"

, /'1. (.*3'%*1% ,+ 5'31.0'+ %* &.3 4-*1.3D 4.0 3- B.0/+ 3),. 0%,+1'=+/%*1%

/.1'=+&+M 4.0 3- (.*(%41. L-% 4.0 *+1-0+,%7+ %3 5'31)0'(. % 4-%&% %*
(.*3%(-%*('+ '/+:'*+0 -* %31-&'. &'+(0)*'(. &% ,.3 /'1.3 E+ 3%+ L-% 3% ,%3 3./%1+ +
-*+ 0%10.34%((')* QE B-*&+0 %*1.*(%3 -*+ /'1.,.:2+ 5'31)0'(+R E+ 3%+ L-% 3% 3':+
('%01.3 /'1.3 &% +E%0 5+31+ 3- B.0/+ &% 5.E QE 5+(%0 %*1.*(%3 5'31.0'+ 40.34%(1'=+R '
/% ,'/'1. +L-2 + -* %3>.7. 3'*(0)*'(. &% ,.3 /'1.3 (.*1%/4.06*%.3 %3 4.0 -*+ 0+7)*
.>K%1'=+D *-%310+ 3.('%&+& %3 %, (+/4. 40'=',%:'+&. &% ,+3 3':*'B'(+('.*%3 /21'(+3
%(%3'1+/.3 +5.0+ &%('0 4.0 L-C
-+,%3L-'%0+ 3%+* ,.3 +(('&%*1%3 ,.3 (./40./'3.3 ,+3 (.*(%3'.*%3 E ,+3
+=%*1-0+3 4.,21'(+3 (-+,%3L-'%0+ 3%+* ,.3 (+/>'.3 1C(*'(.3 %(.*)/'(.3 . +-*
3.('+,%3 L-% ,+ 5'31.0'+ *.3 +4.01+ *-%310+ 3.('%&+& %3 1.&+=2+ -*+ 3.('%&+&
>-0:-%3+ . *'%:. L-% %* 0+*('+ &%3&% " 9 3% 5+E+* 3-(%&'&. %* %, 4.&%0 =+0'.3
1'4.3 &% >-0:-%32+M 4%0. %, %31+1-1. 40.B-*&. 4%0/+*%(%D &%1%0/'*+&. 0C:'/%* &%
40.4'%&+& &%1%0/'*+&. .0&%* &%1%0/'*+&+ '&%.,.:2+ 5.0+ >'%* %* ,+
&%*./'*+(')* &% %3% 0C:'/%* 3% 40.&-(% -* B%*)/%*. *.1+>,%D (./. 5%(5.
%(.*)/'(. ,+ >-0:-%32+ %3 3'* &'B'(-,1+&D %, (+4'1+,'3/. 3% 40.B%3+ ./.
5%(5. 4.,21'(. *. 3% 0%(.*.(% + 32 /'3/+D *. 5+E 4+01'&.3 N>-0:-%3%3N %* ,+ 6/+0+
./. 5%(5. '&%.,):'(. &%3+4+0%(% (./4,%1+/%*1%D ,+ >-0:-%32+ 5+ >.00+&. 3-
*./>0% +, 4+3+0 &% ,. 0%+, + 3- 0%40%3%*1+(')* &%, 5./>0% %(.*)/'(. +, 5./>0%
/%*1+, % +(./.&+ + ,.3 5%(5.3 4%0. *. 3% '*1%:0+ (.* ,.3 =+,.0%3 ,% '*B,':% + 3-
%31+1-1. -*+ =%0&+&%0+ .4%0+(')* &% 1! : ,+ >-0:-%32+ 3% &%B'*% (./.
" " N -0:-C3N N4%L-%8.>-0:-C3N
A ?
N(+4'1+,'3/.N N40.,%1+0'+&.N 3.* ,.3 3'1'.3 &% -*+ 5%/.00+:'+ '*(%3+*1%D B-%0+ &%
%,,.3 %, 3%*1'&. 3% &%00+/+ 5+31+ L-% %, *./>0% 3% =-%,=% '*O1',
31% B%*)/%*. &% %<@*./'*+(')* %3 '/4.01+*1%M %3 40%('3. %<+/'*+0,. -* 4.(.
%* &%1+,,% .,21'(+/%*1% ,+ 5%/.00+:'+ &%, *./>0% >-0:-C3 3% 5+(% + 10+=C3 &% ,+
'&%+ &% 31+ B-% %* 3- 1'%/4. -*+ '&%+ 40.:0%3'31+ L-% 3'0=') 4+0+ %<(,-'0 ,+
+0'31.(0+('+M 5.E &2+ ,+ >-0:-%32+ 3% &',-E% %* ,+ *+(')* 3'* 4%0K-'('. &% 0%(5+7+0 ,.3
%,%/%*1.3 L-% &%(0%1% +,):%*.3 Q,.3 (./-*'31+3R 31% 3'*(0%1'3/. &'0':'&. 4%0/'1% +
,+ >-0:-%32+ 0%(.:%0 ,+ (+-(')* *-/C0'(+ &% 3-3 +,'+&.3 1%/4.0+0'.3 1.&+3 ,+3 (,+3%3
'*1%0/%&'+3 4.0 ,. 1+*1. N'*B.0/%3N , -3. 40.,.*:+&. *. 5+ 4.&'&. &%34.,'1'7+0
40.B-*&+/%*1% ,+ 4+,+>0+ : %, 3-310+1. 4.,21'(. %316 +,,2 /-E (%0(+ E -*+
('0(-*31+*('+ (-+,L-'%0+ &% :.,4% ,. 4.*% &% /+*'B'%31. * ,+ 6/+0+ %<'31%*
4+01'&.3 N*+('.*+,%3N E %, 3'*(0%1'3/. *./'*+, 40%:.*+ +L-2 ,. L-% 40%1%*&2+ .(-,1+0D
-*+ &'34+0'&+& %3%*('+, ./. 3% =% %, =.(+>-,+0'. 4.,21'(. &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ 4.31-,+
L-% E+ %<'31% -* -*'=%03+,M ,+ 4.,21'(+ %3 E+ -*+ 0%40%3%*1+(')* -* B0+:/%*1. &%
'&%.,.:2+
.,21'(+/%*1% (-+,L-'%0+ 3%+ %, %3B-%07. -*'=%03+,'31+ &% 3- =.(+>-,+0'. ,+

N , (+4'1+,'3/. %316 (.*&%*+&. + %*0'L-%(%0 +, .>0%0.N *.3 &'(%

A + 4+,+>0+ N(+4'1+,'3/.N *. %3 1+>O %(.*)/'(+/%*1% ,. %3 '&%.,):'(+/%*1%D *. 4.&02+ 4%*%10+0 %*

%, =.(+>-,+0'. &% ,+3 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3 >-0:-%3+3 -% *%(%3+0'. %, :'41. &% +0-[ 4+0+ L-% -*
10'>-*+, (.*&%*+0+ %34%('+,/%*1% + -* 0%. 4.0 N/+*%K.3 +*1'(+4'1+,'31+3N

? + >-0:-%32+ K+/63 %/4,%+ ,+ 4+,+>0+ N40.,%1+0'+&.N 0%4-1+&+ (./. /'1. &% '7L-'%0&+ 3+,=.
(-+*&. '*1%0%3+ '/+:'*+0 +, 40.,%1+0'+&. 3->=%01'&. 4.0 %, 4+01'&. (./-*'31+

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

>-0:-%32+ 1%0/'*+ 4.0 (5.(+0 (.* -* *O(,%. 0%3'31%*1% L-% %3 4.0 &%B'*'(')* %,
4+01'&. 0%=.,-('.*+0'. %0. %, 4+01'&. 3),. 4-%&% (.*31'1-'0 -*+ 0'L-%7+ 4.,21'(+D %*
,+ 3.('%&+& >-0:-%3+ *. %<'31% *' (-,1-0+ *' /.0+, 40.,%1+0'+ *. %<'31% +01%
40.,%1+0'.M '&%.,):'(+/%*1% 1.&. ,. L-% *. %3 >-0:-C3 %316 .>,':+&. + ,+
>-0:-%32+ + '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ 4-%&% 4.0 ,. 1+*1. (->0'0 1.&. E 3'* 0'%3:. 4%0&%0
%* %3% 1.&. 3- *./>0%D *+&'% %* %3% (+3. 3% ,. &%=.,=%06 + >-0:-%32+ 4-%&%
3->3-/'0 3'* 0%3'31%*('+ %, 1%+10. %, +01% %, 5./>0% >-0:-C3 >+K. 3-3 +*6,.:.3
%1%0*.3M %* -*+ 4+,+>0+ 4-%&% &%3*./>0+03% (-+*1. L-'%0+ 4-%3 *. 5+E /63 L-%
-*+ 3.,+ E /'3/+ *+1-0+,%7+ 5-/+*+M ,+ &%B%((')* &%, *./>0% >-0:-C3 %3 %* %31%
(+3. 1.1+,
<'31%* 3'* &-&+ 0%>%,'.*%3 (.*10+ ,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ 3 ,. L-% 3% ,,+/+ %*
:%*%0+, ,+ =+*:-+0&'+ %0. %3+3 0%>%,'.*%3 3.* 3.('+,/%*1% ,'/'1+&+3 0%(-4%0+>,%3
* 40'/%0 ,-:+0 4.0L-% 40.='%*%* &% -* B0+:/%*1. &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ /'3/+ &% -*
:0-4. /'*.0'1+0'. &% +01'31+3 &% '*1%,%(1-+,%3 3'* .10. 4O>,'(. L-% ,+ (,+3% /'3/+
L-% '/4-:*+* E L-% 3':-%* 3'%*&. 10'>-1+0'.3 &% 3- &'*%0. 4+0+ %<40%3+03%
&%/63 %3+3 0%>%,'.*%3 3% '*34'0+* 3'%/40% %* -*+ &'31'*(')* /-E B-%01% %*10% %,
>-0:-C3 C1'(. E %, >-0:-C3 4.,21'(.D ,+ =+*:-+0&'+ '/4-:*+ %, >-0:-C3 %* 0%,+(')* +,
+01% + ,+ /.0+, 0%(5+7+ (./. %* ,.3 /%K.0%3 1'%/4.3 &%, 0./+*1'('3/. +, 1%*&%0.
+, B','31%. %0. 40.1%31+ 4.,21'(+ *'*:-*+ " + =+*:-+0&'+ ,. L-% *. 1.,%0+ %* ,+
>-0:-%32+ %3 3- ,%*:-+K% *. 3- (.*&'(')* &% >-0:-%32+ *. %3 L-% *%(%3+0'+/%*1%
,+ +40-%>% 3'*. L-% ,+ 4.*% %*10% 4+0C*1%3'3 %+ (-+, B-%0% ,+ ='.,%*('+ &% ,+
40.=.(+(')* ,+ =+*:-+0&'+ +3-/% B'*+,/%*1% %, 5./>0% +>+*&.*+&. *. %, 5./>0%
+,'%*+&. %, 5./>0% +>+*&.*+&. 3':-% 3'%*&. %, ./>0% 1%0*.
31% +*.*'/+1. &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ 3% =-%,=% +O* /63 *.1+>,% (-+*&. 3% 4+3+ &% ,+
(-,1-0+ >-0:-%3+ 40.4'+/%*1% &'(5+ + 3-3 B.0/+3 &%34,%:+&+3 =-,:+0'7+&+3
-1','7+&+3 + ,. L-% 4.&02+/.3 ,,+/+0 ,+ B',.3.B2+ 4O>,'(+ ,+ L-% +,'/%*1+ ,+ /.0+,
(.1'&'+*+ ,+3 (%0%/.*'+3 ('=',%3 ,.3 0'1.3 40.B+*.3 %* -*+ 4+,+>0+ ,+3 *.0/+3 *.
%3(0'1+3 &% ,+ ='&+ &% 0%,+(')* %* ,+ 3.('%&+& >-0:-%3+ 3 -*+ ',-3')* 0%&-('0 ,+
(-,1-0+ &./'*+*1% + 3- *O(,%. '*=%*1'=.D %<'31% 1+/>'C* -*+ (-,1-0+ >-0:-%3+ &%
4-0. (.*3-/. .&+ 0+*('+ %316 +*%:+&+ %* %31+ '&%.,.:2+ +*)*'/+D *-%310+ 40%*3+
*-%310. ('*% *-%310. 1%+10. *-%310+ ,'1%0+1-0+ &% :0+* 1'0+K% *-%310.3 (%0%/.*'+,%3
*-%310+ K-31'('+ *-%310+ &'4,./+('+ *-%310+3 (.*=%03+('.*%3 ,+ 1%/4%0+1-0+ L-%
5+(% %, (0'/%* L-% 3% K-7:+ %, (+3+/'%*1. L-% *.3 (.*/-%=% ,+ (.('*+ L-% 3% 3-%8+
1%*%0 ,+ 0.4+ L-% 3% ,,%=+ 1.&. %* *-%310+ ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ %3 10'>-1+0'. &% ,+
0%40%3%*1+(')* L-% ,+ >-0:-%32+ &% ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 &%, 5./>0% E &%,
/-*&. 31+3 B.0/+3 N*.0/+,'7+&+3N ,,+/+* 4.(. ,+ +1%*(')* 3' 3% (./4+0+ ,+
&'/%*3')* &% 3- +/4,'1-&M 3- .0':%* 4-%&% 4%0&%03% (.* B+(','&+&M :.7+* &% -*+
4.3'(')* '*1%0/%&'+D +, *. 3%0 *' &'0%(1+/%*1% 4.,21'(+3 *' &'0%(1+/%*1% '&%.,):'(+3
='=%* +4+('>,%/%*1% %*10% ,+ +((')* &% ,.3 /','1+0%3 E ,.3 (.*B,'(1.3 &% ,.3

" 3 *.1+>,% L-% ,.3 +&=%03+0'.3 C1'(.3 Q. %31C1'(.3R &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ 4%0/+*%(%* %* 3- /+E.02+
'*&'B%0%*1%3 (-+*&. *. '*(,-3. +1+&.3 + 3-T &%1%0/'*+('.*%3 4.,21'(+3 *=%03+/%*1% ,.3 +&=%03+0'.3
4.,21'(.3 &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ &%3(-'&+* (.*&%*+0 + B.*&. 3-3 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3D '*(,-3. ,,%:+* +
(./4+01'0,+3 31+ B0+:/%*1+(')* &% +1+L-%3 >%*%B'('+ + ,+ >-0:-%32+ 4-%3 ,% 4%0/'1% &%3&'>-K+0 3-
*./>0% .0 %, (.*10+0'. ,+ >-0:-%32+ 3),. &%>%02+ (./40%*&%03% (./. 32*1%3'3 &% 3-3
&%1%0/'*+('.*%3 E &% 1-3 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3

-%&% 5+>%0 B':-0+3 N&%3.0&%*+&+3N &%, 5./>0% +>+*&.*+&. Q,.*%3(. 4.0 %K%/4,.R 3. *.
&'3/'*-E% 4+0+ *+&+ ,+ 3%:-0'&+& &% ,+3 3%*('+3

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

'*1%,%(1-+,%3M /63 . /%*.3 +>+*&.*+&+3 4.0 -*.3 E .10.3 3% '*(.04.0+* + ,+ /+3+

%*.0/% &% ,. '*&'B%0%*('+&. &% ,. '*3':*'B'(+*1% %* 3-/+ &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ '*
%/>+0:. + 10+=C3 &% 3- C1'(+ ,+ >-0:-%32+ 4%*%10+ + 0+*('+D 40+(1'(+&+3 %* %, /+0(.
&% ,+ *+(')* ,+3 *.0/+3 >-0:-%3+3 3.* ='='&+3 (./. ,+3 ,%E%3 %='&%*1%3 &% -* .0&%*
*+1-0+,D (-+*1. /63 ,+ (,+3% >-0:-%3+ 40.4+:+ 3-3 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3 /63 3%
*+1-0+,'7+* , 5%(5. >-0:-C3 3% +>3.0>% %* -* -*'=%03. '*&'31'*1. (-E. 5+>'1+*1%
O*'(. %3 %, ./>0% 1%0*. *' 40.,%1+0'. *' >-0:-C3
%*%10+*&. 4-%3 ,+3 (,+3%3 '*1%0/%&'+3 ,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ ,.:0+ 4%0&%0 (.*
/63 3%:-0'&+& 3- *./>0% +3 *.0/+3 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+3 3.* 0%3'&-.3 &% ,+ (-,1-0+
>-0:-%3+ 3.* =%0&+&%3 >-0:-%3+3 &%:0+&+&+3 %/4.>0%('&+3 (./%0('+,'7+&+3
,':%0+/%*1% +0(+'7+*1%3 . 3' 3% 40%B'%0% 4+3+&+3 &% /.&+ + +,'+*7+ 4.,21'(+ &% ,+
>-0:-%32+ E &% ,+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%32+ &%('&% &%3&% 5+(% /63 &% -* 3':,. ,+ 5'31.0'+ &%
0+*('+D 0+0+ =%7 3% 0./4') E %* 1.&.3 ,.3 (+3.3 3'* B-1-0. Q " 9 ?R 31+
+,'+*7+ 3% (.*3.,'&+ (.* %, 1'%/4. 3% =-%,=% 4.(. + 4.(. 3'/>'.3'3M 3% 4-%&%*
40.&-('0 &%34%01+0%3 40.='3.0'.3 4%0. ,+ '&%.,.:2+ (./O* E+ *. %3 (-%31'.*+&+D -*+
/'3/+ 4+31+ N*+1-0+,N 0%(->0% 1.&+3 ,+3 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3 N*+('.*+,%3N , :0+*
(+3+/'%*1. >-0:-C3 3%:-'&. &% -* 0'1. &% (,+3% Q,+ 40%3%*1+(')* E ,+ (.*3-*(')* &%
,+3 0'L-%7+3R *. 1'%*% *'*:-*+ 0%,+(')* (.* ,+ 3'1-+(')* %(.*)/'(+ &% ,+ 4%L-%8+
>-0:-%32+M 4%0. 4+0+ ,+ 40%*3+ ,.3 *.1'('%0.3 ,+ ,'1%0+1-0+ 3% =-%,=% 4.(. + 4.(. ,+
*.0/+ /'3/+ 3' *. ='='&+ +, /%*.3 3.8+&+ &% ,+ 4+0%K+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ +
>-0:-%32+ +>3.0>% 4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% %* 3- '&%.,.:2+ ,+ 5-/+*'&+& L-% *. 4.3%%
3-3 (+0+(1%0231'(+3 40.B-*&+3 E 3),. ,+3 ='=% %* ,. '/+:'*+0'. %3 &%('0 %* -*+ B'K+(')*
E -* %/4.>0%('/'%*1. &% ,+ (.*('%*('+ 9 , &'B-*&'0 3-3 0%40%3%*1+('.*%3 + 10+=C3
&% -* (+16,.:. &% '/6:%*%3 (.,%(1'=+3 4+0+ -3. 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 ,+ >-0:-%32+
(.*3+:0+ ,+ '*&'B%0%*('+(')* ',-3.0'+ &% ,+3 (,+3%3 3.('+,%3D + 4+01'0 &%, /./%*1. %*
L-% -*+ /%(+*):0+B+ (.* -* /.&%31. 3-%,&. %* %, :0+* (+3+/'%*1.
>-0:-C3 ,+ %<@*./'*+(')* >-0:-%3+ +,(+*7+ 3- (./4,%1. %B%(1.
+ &%3%0(')* &%, *./>0% >-0:-C3 *. %3 4.0 ,. 1+*1. -* B%*)/%*. ',-3.0'.
+(('&%*1+, +((%3.0'. *+1-0+, . '*3':*'B'(+*1%D %3 ,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ /'3/+ C,
/.='/'%*1. 4.0 %, (-+, ,+ >-0:-%32+ 10+*3B.0/+ ,+ 0%+,'&+& &%, /-*&. %* '/+:%* &%,
/-*&. ,+ 5'31.0'+ %* *+1-0+,%7+ ,. *.1+>,% &% %31+ '/+:%* %3 L-% %3 -*+ '/+:%*
'*=%01'&+ , %31+1-1. &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ %3 4+01'(-,+0 5'31)0'(.M %, 5./>0% L-% %,,+
0%40%3%*1+ 3%06 -*'=%03+, %1%0*. + (,+3% >-0:-%3+ 5+ %&'B'(+&. 3- 4.&%0
K-31+/%*1% 3.>0% 40.:0%3.3 1C(*'(.3 ('%*12B'(.3 3.>0% -*+ 10+*3B.0/+(')* ','/'1+&+
&% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+M ,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ 0%31'1-'06 -*+ *+1-0+,%7+ '*+,1%0+>,% .3
40'/%0.3 B',)3.B.3 >-0:-%3%3 4%*%10+>+* %, /-*&. &% 3':*'B'(+('.*%3 3./%12+* 1.&+3
,+3 (.3+3 + -*+ 0+('.*+,'&+& ,+3 3%8+,+>+* (./. &%31'*+&+3 +, 5./>0%M ,+ '&%.,.:2+
>-0:-%3+ 3%06 ('%*1'B'('31+ . '*1-'1'=+ =%0'B'(+06 %, 5%(5. . 4%0('>'06 %, =+,.0 4%0.
0%5-3+06 ,+ %<4,'(+(')*D %, .0&%* &%, /-*&. 3%06 3-B'('%*1% . '*%B+>,% *-*(+
3':*'B'(+*1% .0 B'* ,+ '&%+ 40'/%0+ &% -* /-*&. 4%0B%(1'>,% (+/>'+*1% 40.&-('06
,+ '/+:%* '*=%01'&+ &% -*+ 5-/+*'&+& '*/-1+>,% &%B'*'&+ 4.0 -*+ '&%*1'&+&
'*B'*'1+/%*1% 0%(./%*7+&+ * 0%3-/%* %* ,+ 3.('%&+& >-0:-%3+ (.*1%/4.06*%+ %,

9 , 40.=.(+0 -* '/+:'*+0'. (.,%(1'=. %3 3'%/40% -*+ %/40%3+ '*5-/+*+M *. 3),. 4.0L-% %, 3-%8.
%3%*('+,'7+ ,+ ='&+ 10+*3B.0/6*&.,+ %* &%31'*. 3'*. 1+/>'C* 4.0L-% %, 3-%8. 4.>0% E %, 0%/4,+7. &%
-*+ +-3%*('+

' ,.3 5./>0%3 E 3-3 (.*&'('.*%3 +4+0%(%* %* 1.&+ ,+ '&%.,.:2+ '*=%01'&.3 (./. %* -*+ (6/+0+
.3(-0+ %31% B%*)/%*. 3% &%0'=+ &% 3- 40.(%3. ='1+, 5'31)0'(. N +0< #
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4+3+K% &% ,. 0%+, + ,. '&%.,):'(. 3% &%B'*% (./. %, 4+3+K% &% -*+ $ + -*+
$

" + # % . #

%3 +L-2 &.*&% =.,=%/.3 + %*(.*10+0 +, /'1. + 3%/'.,.:2+ *.3 5+ %*3%8+&.

L-% %, /'1. 1'%*% + 3- (+0:. B-*&+/%*1+0 (./. *+1-0+,%7+ ,. L-% %3 '*1%*(')*
5'31)0'(+M (./. %1%0*'&+& ,. L-% %3 (.*1'*:%*('+ 31% /%(+*'3/. %3 K-31+/%*1% ,+
B.0/+ &% +((')* %34%(2B'(+ &% ,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ ' *-%310+ 3.('%&+& %3
.>K%1'=+/%*1% %, (+/4. 40'=',%:'+&. &% ,+3 3':*'B'(+('.*%3 /21'(+3 3% &%>% + L-% %,
/'1. %3 B.0/+,/%*1% %, '*310-/%*1. /63 +40.4'+&. 4+0+ ,+ '*=%03')* '&%.,):'(+ L-%
,+ &%B'*%D %* 1.&.3 ,.3 *'=%,%3 &% ,+ (./-*'(+(')* 5-/+*+ %, /'1. .4%0+ ,+ '*=%03')*
&% ,+ $ %* $
, /-*&. 40.=%% +, /'1. &% -* 0%+, 5'31)0'(. &%B'*'&. P+-*L-% 5+E+ L-%
0%/.*1+03% /-E ,%K.3P 4.0 ,+ /+*%0+ %* L-% ,.3 *./>0%3 ,. 5+* 40.&-('&. .
-1','7+&.M %, /'1. 0%31'1-E% -*+ '/+:%* &% %3% 0%+, % ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ L-%
,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ 3% &%B'*% 4.0 ,+ &%B%((')* &%, *./>0% >-0:-C3 %, /'1. %316
(.*31'1-'&. 4.0 ,+ 4C0&'&+ &% ,+ (-+,'&+& 5'31)0'(+ &% ,+3 (.3+3D ,+3 (.3+3 4'%0&%* %*
C, %, 0%(-%0&. &% 3- (.*310-((')* , /-*&. %*10+ +, ,%*:-+K% (./. -*+ 0%,+(')*
&'+,C(1'(+ &% +(1'='&+&%3 &% +(1.3 5-/+*.3M 3+,% &%, /'1. (./. -* (-+&0.
+0/.*'.3. &% %3%*('+3 % 5+ .4%0+&. -*+ 40%31'&':'1+(')* L-% 10+31.(+ ,. 0%+, ,.
=+(2+ &% 5'31.0'+ E ,. ,,%*+ &% *+1-0+,%7+ &%34.K+ &% 3- 3%*1'&. 5-/+*. + ,+3 (.3+3
&% /.&. 1+, L-% ,+3 5+(% 3':*'B'(+0 L-% *. 1'%*%* 3':*'B'(+&. 5-/+*. + B-*(')* &%,
/'1. %3 %,'/'*+0 ,. 0%+,M %3 %310'(1+/%*1% -* &%00+/% '*(%3+*1% -*+ 5%/.00+:'+ . 3'
3% 40%B'%0% -*+ %=+4.0+(')* %* 32*1%3'3 -*+ +-3%*('+ 3%*3'>,%
%31+ +,1-0+ *.3 0%3-,1+ 4.3'>,% (./4,%1+0 ,+ &%B'*'(')* 3%/'.,):'(+ &%, /'1. %*
,+ 3.('%&+& >-0:-%3+D 4 +1-0+,/%*1% %3 *%(%3+0'.
%*1%*&%0 %* %, 3%*1'&. 40.B-*&. (./. (.*K-*1. &% 0%,+('.*%3 5-/+*+3 %* 3-
4.&%0 &% (.*310-((')* &%, /-*&.M 3.>0% 1.&. %3 *%(%3+0'. &+0 -* =+,.0 +(1'=. +,
3-B'K. + +L-2 0%40%3%*1+ -* /.='/'%*1. .4%0+1.0'. +(1-+,'7+ 3'* (%3+0 -*+
&%B%((')* * %, (+3. &%, 3.,&+&. *%:0. 4.0 %K%/4,. ,. L-% 3% %,'/'*+ ('%01+/%*1%
*. %3 ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+ Q/-E 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. %3 ,. L-% 3% L-'%0% 5+(%0
40%3%*1%R 3'*. ,+ (-+,'&+& (.*1'*:%*1% 5'31)0'(+ %* -*+ 4+,+>0+ &%,
(.,.*'+,'3/. , /'1. *. *'%:+ ,+3 (.3+3 3- B-*(')* 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. %3 5+>,+0 &%
%,,+3M 3'/4,%/%*1% ,+3 4-0'B'(+ ,+3 =-%,=% '*.(%*1%3 ,+3 B-*&+ (./. *+1-0+,%7+ E
%1%0*'&+& ,%3 (.*B'%0% -*+ (,+0'&+& L-% *. %3 ,+ &% ,+ %<4,'(+(')* 3'*. &% ,+
(./40.>+(')*D 3' ,+ '/4%0'+,'&+& B0+*(%3+ 3'* %<4,'(+0,+ %31.E + -* 4+3.
&% %*(.*10+0,+ *+1-0+, " : /% L-%&. 10+*L-',. , 4+3+0 &% ,+ 5'31.0'+
+ ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %, /'1. %B%(1O+ -*+ %(.*./2+D (.*3':-% +>.,'0 ,+ (./4,%K'&+& &% ,.3
+(1.3 5-/+*.3 ,%3 .1.0:+ ,+ 3'/4,'('&+& &% ,+3 %3%*('+3 3-40'/% ,+ &'+,C(1'(+
(-+,L-'%0 3-4%0+(')* L-% =+E+ /63 +,,6 &% ,. ='3'>,% '*/%&'+1. .0:+*'7+ -* /-*&.
3'* (.*10+&'(('.*%3 4-%31. L-% *. 1'%*% 40.B-*&'&+& -* /-*&. &%34,%:+&. %* ,+
%='&%*('+ B-*&+ -*+ (,+0'&+& B%,'7D ,+3 (.3+3 4+0%(%* 3':*'B'(+0 4.0 32 /'3/+3
%0. %*1.*(%3 S%, /'1. %3 3'%/40% -* 5+>,+ &%34.,'1'7+&+TM &'(5. &% .10. /.&.
S,. 0%+, %3 3'%/40% 4.,21'(.T S +31+ 5+>,+0 *+1-0+,/%*1% &% -*+ (.3+ 4+0+ L-% 3%

, 40'*('4'. &% 4,+(%0 &%, 5./>0% B0%-&'+*. 3% 4.&02+ +:0%:+0 %, 40'*('4'. &% (,+0'&+& &% ,+
5-/+*'&+& /'1.,):'(+ ,,2 %316 ,+ +/>':V%&+& &%, /'1.D 3- (,+0'&+& %3 %-B)0'(+

9
Roland Barthes Mitologías

=-%,=+ /21'(+T .&02+/.3 0%34.*&%0 (.* +0< L-% %, .>K%1. /63 *+1-0+, (.*1'%*%
4.0 /63 &C>', E &'3'4+&+ L-% 3%+ -*+ 5-%,,+ 4.,21'(+ ,+ 40%3%*('+ /63 . /%*.3
/%/.0+>,% &%, +(1. 5-/+*. L-% ,+ 5+ 40.&-('&. &'34-%31. -1','7+&. 3./%1'&. .
0%(5+7+&. , ,%*:-+K%@.>K%1. L-% 5+>,+ (.3+3 4-%&% /+*'B%31+0 B6(',/%*1% %31+
5-%,,+M %, /%1+,%*:-+K% L-% 5+>,+ (.3+3 4-%&% 5+(%0,. /-(5. /%*.3 , /'1.
%3 3'%/40% /%1+,%*:-+K%M ,+ &%34.,'1'7+(')* L-% .4%0+ '*1%0='%*% + /%*-&. 3.>0% -*
B.*&. E+ *+1-0+,'7+&. &%34.,'1'7+&. 4.0 -* /%1+,%*:-+K% :%*%0+, +&'%310+&. 4+0+
,+3 (.3+3 E *. 4+0+ 3 %='&%*1% L-% ,+ B-%07+ *%(%3+0'+ +, /'1. 4+0+
&%B.0/+0 3- .>K%1. 3%06 /-(5. /%*.0 %* %, (+3. &% -* 60>., L-% %* %, &% -* 3-&+*C3D
%* %31% (+3. ,+ (+0:+ 4.,21'(+ %316 /-E 40)<'/+ 4+0+ %=+4.0+0,+ 0%L-'%0% -*+ :0+*
(+*1'&+& &% *+1-0+,%7+ +01'B'('+,M %* %, (+3. &%, 60>., %316 ,%K.3 4-0'B'(+&+ 4.0 1.&+
-*+ (+4+ 3%(-,+0 &% /%1+,%*:-+K% <'31%* 4.0 ,. 1+*1. /'1.3 B-%01%3 E /'1.3 &C>',%3M
%* ,.3 40'/%0.3 %, L-+*1-/ 4.,21'(. %3 '*/%&'+1. ,+ &%34.,'1'7+(')* %3 +>0-41+M %*
,.3 3%:-*&.3 ,+ (-+,'&+& 4.,21'(+ &%, .>K%1. %316 &%31%8'&+ (./. -* (.,.0 4%0. -*+
*+&+ 4-%&% 0%=':.0'7+0,+ >0-1+,/%*1%D SL-C /63 L-% %, /+0T E SL-C /63
N4.,21'(.N L-% %, /+0 (+*1+&. 4.0 ,.3 ('*%+31+3 &% * @J
* ,+ 406(1'(+ %, /%1+,%*:-+K% (.*31'1-E% -*+ %34%('% &% 0%3%0=+ 4+0+ %, /'1.
.3 5./>0%3 *. %316* 0%34%(1. &%, /'1. %* -*+ 0%,+(')* &% =%0&+& 3'*. &% -3.D
&%34.,'1'7+* 3%:O* 3-3 *%(%3'&+&%3M %<'31%* .>K%1.3 /21'(.3 L-% L-%&+* (./.
+&.0/%('&.3 -* 1'%/4. E %*1.*(%3 *. 3.* /63 L-% =+:.3 %3L-%/+3 /21'(.3 (-E+
(+0:+ 4.,21'(+ 4+0%(% (+3' '*&'B%0%*1% %0. %* %31% (+3. 3% 10+1+ O*'(+/%*1% &% -*+
.4.01-*'&+& &% 3'1-+(')* *. &% &'B%0%*('+ &% %310-(1-0+ +, %3 ,. L-% .(-00% (.*
*-%310. %K%/4,. &% :0+/61'(+ ,+1'*+ +E L-% *.1+0 L-% +L-2 %, 5+>,+ /21'(+ +(1O+
3.>0% -*+ /+1%0'+ 10+*3B.0/+&+ &%3&% 5+(% 1'%/4.D ,+ B0+3% &% 3.4. 4%01%*%(% + ,+
,'1%0+1-0+ %316 &%3&% %, (./'%*7. /'3/. /'1'B'(+&+ Q4.0 ,. 1+*1. =-%,1+ '*.(%*1%R +
10+=C3 &% ,+ B'((')* %0. >+31+ (.* =.,=%0 + (.,.(+0 -* '*31+*1% %, 1C0/'*. '*'('+, &% ,+
(+&%*+ %* 3- *+1-0+,%7+ &% ,%*:-+K%@.>K%1. 4+0+ /%&'0 %, =+('+/'%*1. &% ,. 0%+,
40.&-('&. 4.0 %, /'1.D X%3 &% '/+:'*+0 ,.3 3%*1'/'%*1.3 &% -*+ 3.('%&+& &%
+*'/+,%3 10+*3B.0/+&+ %* %K%/4,. &% :0+/61'(+ %* *+1-0+,%7+ +10'>-1'=+Y +0+
K-7:+0 ,+ (+0:+ 4.,21'(+ &% -* .>K%1. E %, =+&. /21'(. L-% 3% +/.,&+ + %,,+ *-*(+ 5+E
L-% 3'1-+03% &%3&% %, 4-*1. &% ='31+ &% ,+ 3':*'B'(+(')* 3'*. &%3&% %, 4-*1. &% ='31+
&%, 3':*'B'(+*1% %3 &%('0 &% ,+ (.3+ .(-,1+ %* %, 3':*'B'(+*1% %3 40%('3. 3'1-+03% %*
%, 4-*1. &% ='31+ &%, ,%*:-+K%@.>K%1. %3 &%('0 &%, 3%*1'&.D *. 5+E *'*:-*+ &-&+ &%
L-% 3' (.*3-,160+/.3 + -* ,%)* +B'0/+0,+ L-% %, %K%/4,. &% ,+ :0+/61'(+ %3 -*
%31+&. $ &%34.,'1'7+&. 0%'='*&'(+02+ (./. 4,%*+/%*1% ,+
K-0'340-&%*('+ L-% ,% 4%0/'1% +10'>-'03% -*+ 40%3+ 4.0L-% C, %3 %, /63 B-%01% +
/%*.3 L-% *.3 %*B0%*1%/.3 (.* -* ,%)* >-0:-C3 L-% *. &%K+02+ &% /'1'B'(+0 3-
B-%07+ &6*&.,% ,+ B.0/+ &% -* &%>%0
./. 3% =% 4%0B%(1+/%*1% %* %31% (+3. ,+ '*3':*'B'(+*('+ 4.,21'(+ &%, /'1. 3%
&%>% + 3- 3'1-+(')* 3+>%/.3 L-% %, /'1. %3 -* =+,.0D >+31+ (.* /.&'B'(+0 3-3
('0(-*31+*('+3 %, 3'31%/+ :%*%0+, QE 40%(+0'.R %* %, L-% 3% +3'%*1+ 4+0+ 0%:-,+0 /63 .
/%*.3 3- +,(+*(% , (+/4. &%, /'1. +L-2 3% 0%&-(% + -*+ (,+3% &% L-'*1. &% -* ,'(%.
B0+*(C3 %0. 3-4.*:. L-% -* *'8. 4.0 ,+ 5'31.0'+ &%, ,%)* &% ,+ 1%0*%0+ E
&% ,+ =+(+ E L-% 0%(-4%0+ + 10+=C3 &% ,+ ='&+ '/+:'*+0'+ ,+ 0%+,'&+& /'3/+ &% %3.3

!C+3% +0< E %, %K%/4,. &%, (%0%7. %* #

!e\ 44 ?"@ "

Roland Barthes Mitologías

+*'/+,%3 +40%('+02+ (.* /-(5. /%*.3 &%3%*=.,1-0+ L-% *.3.10.3 %,

&%3=+*%('/'%*1. &% %3% ,%)* 10+*3B.0/+&. %* +10'>-1. % 5%(5. 3' K-7:+/.3 %3%
/'1. (./. 4.,21'(+/%*1% '*3':*'B'(+*1% %3 3'/4,%/%*1% 4.0L-% *. B-% 5%(5. 4+0+
*.3.10.3

! " .4 #

' %, /'1. %3 -* 5+>,+ &%34.,'1'7+&+ %<'31% 4.0 ,. /%*.3 -* 5+>,+ L-% 3% .4.*%
+, /'1.D %, 5+>,+ L-% 4.,21'(+ %>%/.3 =.,=%0 +L-2 + ,+ &'31'*(')* %*10%
,%*:-+K%@.>K%1. E /%1+,%*:-+K% ' 3.E -* ,%8+&.0 E (./. 1+, *./>0. %, 60>., L-%
&%00'>. (-+,L-'%0+ 3%+ ,+ B.0/+ &% /' B0+3% 5+>,. %, 60>., *. 5+>,. C, 31.
L-'%0% &%('0 L-% /' ,%*:-+K% %3 .4%0+1.0'. ,':+&. + 3- .>K%1. &% -*+ /+*%0+
10+*3'1'=+D %*10% %, 60>., E E. ,. O*'(. L-% %<'31% %3 /' 10+>+K. %3 &%('0 -* +(1. 3%
%3 -* ,%*:-+K% 4.,21'(.M /% 40%3%*1+ ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ 3),. %* ,+ /%&'&+ %* L-% L-'%0.
10+*3B.0/+0,+ %3 -* ,%*:-+K% /%&'+*1% %, (-+, E. A %, .>K%1.D %, 60>., *. %3 4+0+
/' -*+ '/+:%* %3 3'/4,%/%*1% %, 3%*1'&. &% /' +(1. %0. 3' *. 3.E ,%8+&.0 E+ *.
4-%&. 5+>,+0 %, 60>., 3),. 4-%&. 5+>,+0 ' C, ' ,%*:-+K% &%K+ &% 3%0 %,
'*310-/%*1. &% -* 60>., +(1-+&. +5.0+ %, 60>., (+*1+&. 3% (.*='%01% %* '*310-/%*1.
&% /' ,%*:-+K%M 3),. 1%*:. (.* %, 60>., -*+ 0%,+(')* '*10+*3'1'=+M %, 60>., *. %3 /63 %,
3%*1'&. &% ,. 0%+, (./. +(1. 5-/+*. %3 -*+ + B0%*1% +,
,%*:-+K% 0%+, &%, ,%8+&.0 (0%. -* ,%*:-+K% 3%:-*&. -* /%1+,%*:-+K% %* %, L-% =.E +
4.*%0 %* +((')* *. ,+3 (.3+3 3'*. 3-3 *./>0%3 E L-% %3 +, ,%*:-+K% 40'/%0. ,. L-% %,
:%31. %3 +, +(1. 31% ,%*:-+K% 3%:-*&. *. %3 %*1%0+/%*1% /21'(. 4%0. %3 %, 3'1'.
%<+(1. %* %, L-% 3% '*31+,+ %, /'1.M 4.0L-% %, /'1. 3),. 4-%&% 10+>+K+0 3.>0% .>K%1.3
L-% E+ 5+* 3-B0'&. ,+ /%&'+(')* &% -* 40'/%0 ,%*:-+K%
<'31% 4.0 ,. 1+*1. -* ,%*:-+K% L-% *. %3 /21'(.D %, ,%*:-+K% &%, 5./>0%
40.&-(1.0 .&+ =%7 L-% %, 5./>0% 5+>,+ 4+0+ 10+*3B.0/+0 ,. 0%+, E *. 4+0+
(.*3%0=+0 ,. 0%+, (./. '/+:%* (-+*&. ,':+ 3- ,%*:-+K% + ,+ %,+>.0+(')* &% (.3+3 %,
/%1+,%*:-+K% %3 &%=-%,1. + -* ,%*:-+K%@.>K%1. %, /'1. %3 '/4.3'>,% .0 %3. %,
,%*:-+K% =%0&+&%0+/%*1% 0%=.,-('.*+0'. *. 4-%&% 3%0 -* ,%*:-+K% /21'(. +
0%=.,-(')* 3% &%B'*% (./. -* +(1. (+1601'(. &%31'*+&. + 0%=%,+0 ,+ (+0:+ 4.,21'(+ &%,
/-*&.D ,+ 0%=.,-(')* %, /-*&. E 3- ,%*:-+K% 1.&. 3- ,%*:-+K% %3 +>3.0>'&.
B-*('.*+,/%*1% %* %3% 5+(%0 .0L-% 40.&-(% -* 5+>,+ P%3 &%('0 4.,21'(+
+, (./'%*7. E +, B'*+, E *. (./. %, /'1. L-% %3 -* 5+>,+ '*'('+,/%*1% 4.,21'(+ E
B'*+,/%*1% *+1-0+,P ,+ 0%=.,-(')* %<(,-E% +, /'1. %, /'3/. /.&. L-% ,+ %<@
*./'*+(')* >-0:-%3+ &%B'*% + ,+ =%7 ,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ E %, /'1. ,+ *./'*+(')*
0%=.,-('.*+0'+ '&%*1'B'(+ ,+ 0%=.,-(')* E ,+ 40'=+(')* &% /'1.D ,+ >-0:-%32+ 3% %*(->0%
(./. >-0:-%32+ E 4.0 %3. /'3/. 40.&-(% %, /'1.M ,+ 0%=.,-(')* 3% 40.(,+/+ (./.
0%=.,-(')* E 4.0 %3. /'3/. ,.:0+ +>.,'0 %, /'1.
% /% 5+ 40%:-*1+&. 3' 5+>2+ /'1.3 N&% '7L-'%0&+N %3&% ,-%:. %* ,+ /%&'&+
%* L-% ,+ '7L-'%0&+ *. %3 ,+ 0%=.,-(')* , /'1. &% '7L-'%0&+ 3-0:% 40%('3+/%*1% %* %,
/./%*1. %* L-% ,+ 0%=.,-(')* 3% 10+*3B.0/+ %* N'7L-'%0&+N %3 &%('0 %* L-% +(%41+
%*(->0'03% =%,+0 3- *./>0% 40.&-('0 -* /%1+,%*:-+K% '*.(%*1% E &%B.0/+03% %*
N*+1-0+,%7+N 31+ %<@*./'*+(')* 0%=.,-('.*+0'+ 4-%&% 3%0 . *. 16(1'(+ *. %3 C31% %,
3'1'. 4+0+ &'3(-1'0,. * 1.&. (+3. 1+0&% . 1%/40+*. 3% ,+ 3'%*1% (./. -*
40.(%&'/'%*1. (.*10+0'. + ,+ 0%=.,-(')* '%/40% ,+ 5'31.0'+ 0%=.,-('.*+0'+ &%B'*% 3-3
N&%3='+('.*'3/.3N /63 . /%*.3 %* 0%,+(')* (.* %, /'1. * &2+ 4.0 %K%/4,. %,
Roland Barthes Mitologías

40.4'. 3.('+,'3/. &%B'*') %, /'1. 31+,'*'+*. 1+,'* (./. .>K%1. 5+>,+&. 40%3%*1)
&-0+*1% +8.3 %* %31+&. 4-0. ,.3 (+0+(1%0%3 (.*31'1-1'=.3 &%, 5+>,+ /21'(+D -*
3%*1'&. L-% %0+ %, 1+,'* 0%+, %, &% ,+ 5'31.0'+M -* 3':*'B'(+*1% L-% %0+ ,+ '*=.(+(')*
0'1-+, + 1+,'* %, (+06(1%0 $ &% ,.3 %421%1.3 *+1-0+,%3 (.* ,.3 L-% 3% 0.&%+>+ 3-
*./>0%M -* 3':*'B'(+&. L-% %0+ ,+ '*1%*(')* &% .01.&.<'+ &% &'3('4,'*+ &% -*'&+&
4.0 ,.3 4+01'&.3 (./-*'31+3 %* -*+ 3'1-+(')* &%B'*'&+M -*+ 3':*'B'(+(')*
4.0 B'* L-% %0+ -* 1+,'* 3+(0+,'7+&. %* %, L-% ,+3 &%1%0/'*+('.*%3 5'31)0'(+3 %0+*
B-*&+&+3 (./. *+1-0+,%3 3->,'/+&+3 >+K. %, *./>0% &%, :%*'. %3 &%('0 &% ,.
'00+('.*+, E &% ,. '*%<40%3+>,%M %* %31% %K%/4,. ,+ &%34.,'1'7+(')* %3 %='&%*1%
/-%310+ %, /'1. %* 1.&+ 4,%*'1-&
-%3 32 %, /'1. %<'31% %* ,+ '7L-'%0&+ 4%0. &% *'*:O* /.&. 1'%*% ,+3 /'3/+3
(-+,'&+&%3 L-% %, /'1. >-0:-C3 6 4" * 40'/%0 ,-:+0 ,.3
.>K%1.3 L-% (+41+ 3.* %3(+3.3 *. 3.* /63 L-% +,:-*+3 *.('.*%3 4.,21'(+3 3+,=. L-%
0%(-00+ C, /'3/. +, +03%*+, &% /'1.3 >-0:-%3%3 -*(+ %, /'1. &% '7L-'%0&+ +,(+*7+
%, '*/%*3. (+/4. &% ,+3 0%,+('.*%3 5-/+*+3 ,+ =+3123'/+ 3-4%0B'('% &% ,+ '&%.,.:2+
N'*3':*'B'(+*1%N + ='&+ (.1'&'+*+ ,% %3 '*+((%3'>,%D *. %<'31% (./. 3.('%&+&
>-0:-%3+ /'1. N&% '7L-'%0&+N L-% (.*('%0*+ +, /+10'/.*'. + ,+ (.('*+ ,+ (+3+ %,
1%+10. ,+ K-31'('+ ,+ /.0+, %1( &%/63 %3 -* /'1. +(('&%*1+, 3- -3. *. B.0/+ 4+01%
&% -*+ %310+1%:'+ (./. %3 %, (+3. &%, /'1. >-0:-C3 3'*. 3.,+/%*1% &% -*+ 16(1'(+ .
%* %, 4%.0 &% ,.3 (+3.3 &% -*+ &%3='+(')*M 3' 3% 40.&-(% %3 -* /'1. +&%(-+&. + -*+
(./.&'&+& *. + -*+ *%(%3'&+&
'*+,/%*1% E 3.>0% 1.&. %, /'1. &% '7L-'%0&+ %3 -* /'1. 4.>0% %3%*('+,/%*1%
4.>0% . 1'%*% (+4+('&+& &% 40.,'B%0+0M 40.&-('&. 4.0 %*(+0:. E (.* -* .>K%1'=.
1%/4.0+, ,'/'1+&. 3- '*=%*(')* %3 1.04% % B+,1+ %3% 4.&%0 /+E.0 L-% %3 ,+
B+>-,+(')* +:+ ,. L-% 5+:+ 3% /+*1'%*% %* C, +,:. (./. 02:'&. E ,'1%0+, -* 1-B. &%
(.*3':*+D 4%0/+*%(% 3%(. (./. 3-%,% &%('03% &% /+*%0+ /-E %<40%3'=+ S +E +(+3.
+,:. /63 60'&. L-% %, /'1. 31+,'*'+*.T '*:-*+ '*=%*(')* %* 1.&. %31. 3),. -*+
+40.4'+(')* '*56>', , 3':*'B'(+*1% &%, /'1. Q%3+ B.0/+ (-E+ '*B'*'1+ 0'L-%7+
(.*.(%/.3 %* %, /'1. >-0:-C3R *. =+0'+>+ 4+0+ *+&+ 3% 0%&-(2+ + ,+ ,%1+*2+
31+ '/4%0B%((')* 3' 3% /% 4%0/'1% &%('0,. 3% &%>% + ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ &% ,+
N'7L-'%0&+ND (-+,L-'%0+ 3%+ ,+ '*&%1%0/'*+(')* &% %31% 1C0/'*. ,+ '7L-'%0&+ 3% &%B'*%
3'%/40% %* 0%,+(')* +, .40'/'&. 40.,%1+0'. . (.,.*'7+&. A -%3 >'%* %, 5+>,+ &%,
.40'/'&. %3 *%(%3+0'+/%*1% 4.>0% /.*)1.*+ '*/%&'+1+D 3- '*&':%*('+ %3 ,+ /%&'&+
%<+(1+ &% 3- ,%*:-+K%M 3),. 1'%*% -*. 3'%/40% %, /'3/. %, &% 3-3 +(1.3M %,
/%1+,%*:-+K% %3 -* ,-K. +, L-% 1+/4.(. 4-%&% +((%&%0 , 5+>,+ &%, .40'/'&. %3 0%+,
(./. ,+ &%, ,%8+&.0 %3 -* 5+>,+ 10+*3'1'=+D %3 (+3' '*(+4+7 &% /%*1'0M ,+ /%*1'0+ %3
-*+ 0'L-%7+ 3-4.*% -* 1%*%0 3-4.*% =%0&+&%3 B.0/+3 &% 0%(+/>'. 31+ 4.>0%7+
%3%*('+, 40.&-(% /'1.3 %3(+3.3 /+:0.3M . B-:'1'=.3 . 4%3+&+/%*1% '*&'3(0%1.3 31.3
/'1.3 40.(,+/+* 3- *+1-0+,%7+ &% /'1. 3%8+,+* 3- /63(+0+ (.* %, &%&. %3+
/63(+0+ %3 +4%*+3 ,+ /63(+0+ &% -*+ 3%-&.*+1-0+,%7+ 3+ B'3'3 %3 '*(,-3. -*+
0'L-%7+ L-% %, .40'/'&. *. 4-%&% &%K+0 &% +40.4'603%,+M C, %3 '*(+4+7 &% =+('+0 %,
3%*1'&. 0%+, &% ,+3 (.3+3 &% .1.0:+0,%3 %, ,-K. &% -*+ B.0/+ =+(2+ +>'%01+ + ,+

3 *.1+>,% L-% %, K0-3(5%='3/. 3% 5+E+ &+&. *. (./. -* (+/>'. 4.,21'(. 3'*. %3%*('+, E
O*'(+/%*1% (./. -*+ , .*=%03')* '*(./4,%1+ 4.0 .10+ 4+01% 4-%3 J0-3(5.=
&%3=+,.0'7) + 1+,'* *. ,. %<4,'()D *. ,. 0%@4.,'1'7)

A * ,+ +(1-+,'&+& %, (.,.*'7+&. +3-/% 4,%*+/%*1% ,+ (.*&'(')* C1'(+ E 4.,21'(+ &%3(0'1+ 4.0 +0<
(./. (.*&'(')* &%, 40.,%1+0'.
Roland Barthes Mitologías

'*.(%*('+ &% -*+ *+1-0+,%7+ B+,3+ .&%/.3 &%('0 L-% %* ('%01. 3%*1'&. %, /'1. &%
'7L-'%0&+ %3 3'%/40% -* /'1. +01'B'('+, -* /'1. 0%(.*31'1-'&.D &% +,,2 3- 1.04%7+

! " #

31+&231'(+/%*1% %, /'1. 3% %*(-%*10+ %* ,+ &%0%(5+ ,,2 %3 %3%*('+,D >'%*

+,'/%*1+&. 0%,-('%*1% %<4+*3'=. (.*=%03+&.0 3% '*=%*1+ 3'* (%3+0 % +4.&%0+ &%
1.&.D ,+3 K-31'('+3 ,+3 /.0+,%3 ,+3 %31C1'(+3 ,+3 &'4,./+('+3 ,+3 +01%3 &./C31'(+3 ,+
,'1%0+1-0+ ,.3 %34%(16(-,.3 - %<4+*3')* 1'%*% %, /'3/. +,(+*(% L-% ,+ %<@
*./'*+(')* >-0:-%3+ + >-0:-%32+ L-'%0% (.*3%0=+0 %, 3%0 3'* /.310+0,.D %*
(.*3%(-%*('+ ,+ *%:+1'='&+& /'3/+ &% ,+ +4+0'%*('+ >-0:-%3+ '*B'*'1+ (./. 1.&+
*%:+1'='&+& %3 ,+ L-% 0%L-'%0% '*B'*'1+/%*1% &%, /'1. , .40'/'&. *. %3 *+&+ %* C,
3),. 3% %*(-%*10+ -* 5+>,+ ,+ &% 3- %/+*('4+(')*M %, .40%3.0 %3 1.&. 3- 4+,+>0+ %3
0'(+ /-,1'B.0/% 3-%,1+ &'34.*% &% 1.&.3 ,.3 :0+&.3 4.3'>,%3 &% &':*'&+&D 1'%*% ,+
%<(,-3'='&+& &%, /%1+,%*:-+K% , .40'/'&. 5+(% %, /-*&. 3),. 1'%*% -* ,%*:-+K%
+(1'=. 10+*3'1'=. Q4.,21'(.RM %, .40%3.0 ,. (.*3%0=+ 3- 5+>,+ %3 4,%*+0'+ '*10+*3'1'=+
:%31-+, 1%+10+,D %3 %, /'1.M %, ,%*:-+K% &% -*. 1'%*&% + 10+*3B.0/+0 %, ,%*:-+K% &%,
.10. 1'%*&% + %1%0*'7+0
31+ 4,%*'1-& &% ,.3 /'1.3 &%, .0&%* Q+32 3% ,,+/+ + 32 /'3/+ ,+ >-0:-%32+R
S'/4,'(+ &'B%0%*('+3 '*1%0'.0%3T S <'31%* 4.0 %K%/4,. /'1.3 >-0:-%3%3 E /'1.3
4%L-%8.>-0:-%3%3T . *. 4-%&% 5+>%0 &'B%0%*('+3 B-*&+/%*1+,%3 4-%3 (-+,L-'%0+
3%+ %, 4O>,'(. L-% ,. (.*3-/+ %, /'1. 4.31-,+ ,+ '*/.=','&+& &% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %0.
32 4-%&% 5+>%0 :0+&.3 &% 0%+,'7+(')* . &% %<4+*3')*D +,:-*.3 /'1.3 /+&-0+* /%K.0
%* ('%01+3 7.*+3 3.('+,%3M 4+0+ %, /'1. 1+/>'C* 5+E /'(0.(,'/+3
, /'1. &% ,+ '*B+*('+@4.%1+ 4.0 %K%/4,. %3 -* /'1. >-0:-C3 4 + 0%('C*
3+,% &% ,+ (-,1-0+ '*=%*1'=+ Q .(1%+- 4.0 %K%/4,.R E +4%*+3 %316 +((%&'%*&. + 3-
(-,1-0+ &% (.*3-/. 0#761 2 *+ 4+01% &% ,+ >-0:-%32+ 4-%&% 1.&+=2+ %*(.*10+0,.
&%/+3'+&. '*=%*1+&. &%/+3'+&. 4.(. /21'(. 4+0+ 0%(.*.(%03% (.* &%0%(5. +
(.*3+:0+0,. Q-*+ 4+01% &% ,+ (021'(+ >-0:-%3+ 3),. 10+>+K+ (.* /+1%0'+,%3 &%>'&+/%*1%
/21'(.3RM %3 -* /'1. L-% +O* 0%L-'%0% 4-,'&. L-% +O* *. (.*1'%*% >+31+*1% 4
+0+ 5+(%0 &%, *'8.@4.%1+ %, %,%/%*1. &% -*+ (.3/.:.*2+ 5+E L-% 0%*-*('+0 +,
40.&':'. Q .7+01 '/>+-& %1( R E +(%41+0 *.0/+3 *-%=+3 ,+3 &% ,+ 43'(.4%&+:.:2+
&%, B0%-&'3/. %1( D 1.&+=2+ %3 -* /'1. =%0&% % %31+ /+*%0+ (+&+ /'1. 4-%&%
'/4,'(+0 3- 5'31.0'+ E 3- :%.:0+B2+D -*+ 4.0 .10+ 4+01% %3 3':*. &% ,+ .10+M -* /'1.
/+&-0+ 4.0L-% 3% %<1'%*&% . 5% 4.&'&. 5+(%0 *'*:O* %31-&'. =%0&+&%0. 3.>0% ,+
:%.:0+B2+ 3.('+, &% ,.3 /'1.3M 4%0. %3 /-E 4.3'>,% 10+7+0 ,. L-% ,.3 ,'*:V'31+3
,,+/+02+* ,+3 '3.:,.3+3 &% -* /'1. ,+3 ,2*%+3 L-% &%B'*%* %, %34+('. 3.('+, %* L-% %3
5+>,+&. ./. %3% %34+('. %3 /.=%&'7. 3%02+ /%K.0 5+>,+0 &% .*&+3 &%
'/4,+*1+(')* &%, /'1. 32 %, /'1. '*.- 0.-%1 5+ (.*.('&. 4.0 ,. /%*.3 10%3
.*&+3 +/4,'B'(+*1%3D H #761 : K( ! 6 : H != ,:-*.3 /'1.3
.3(',+*D S4+3+06* 4.0 ,+ :0+* 40%*3+ 4.0 %, 5.:+0 &%, 0%*1'31+ &% ,+3 +B-%0+3 4.0 ,.3
3+,.*%3 &% >%,,%7+ 4.0 %, /%10.T + :%.:0+B2+ 3.('+, &% ,.3 /'1.3 3%:-'06 3'%*&.
&'B2(', &% %31+>,%(%0 /'%*10+3 *.3 B+,1% -*+ 3.('.,.:2+ +*+,21'(+ &% ,+ 40%*3+ ? %0.

? .3 1'0+K%3 &% ,.3 &'+0'.3 3.* &+1.3 '*3-B'('%*1%3 +3 .10+3 '*B.0/+('.*%3 3.* +(('&%*1+,%3 ( !
&'. + (.*.(%0 P5%(5. 3':*'B'(+1'=. + ,.3 B'*%3 &% ,+ 4->,'('&+&P ,+ (./4.3'(')* &% 3- 4O>,'(.
%* 1C0/'*.3 &% *'=%,%3 &% ='&+ 0# &% K-,'. &% 9AARD 3.>0% (./40+&.0%3 %* ,+ ('-&+& A
1'%*%* -* +-1./)=', 9 1'%*%* (-+01. &% >+8. %1( /'%*10+3 L-% %, *'=%, &% ='&+ /%&'. &%, B0+*(C3 3%
Roland Barthes Mitologías

4.&%/.3 &%('0 L-% 3- ,-:+0 E+ %<'31%

-*L-% 1.&+=2+ *. 3% 4-%&%* %31+>,%(%0 ,+3 B.0/+3 &'+,%(1+,%3 &%, /'1.
>-0:-C3 4.&%/.3 32 %3>.7+0 3-3 B.0/+3 0%1)0'(+3 * %31% (+3. 5+E L-% %*1%*&%0
4.0 0%1)0'(+ -* (.*K-*1. &% B':-0+3 B'K+3 .0&%*+&+3 '*3'31%*1%3 %* ,+3 L-% 3% +,'*%+*
,+3 &'=%03+3 B.0/+3 &%, 3':*'B'(+*1% /21'(. 31+3 B':-0+3 3.* 10+*34+0%*1%3 %* ,+
/%&'&+ L-% *. 4%01-0>+* ,+ 4,+31'('&+& &%, 3':*'B'(+*1%M 4%0. E+ %316*
3-B'('%*1%/%*1% (.*(%41-+,'7+&+3 (./. 4+0+ +&+41+03% + -*+ 0%40%3%*1+(')*
5'31)0'(+ &%, /-*&. Q&%, /'3/. /.&. L-% ,+ 0%1)0'(+ (,63'(+ 4-%&% &+0 (-%*1+ &%
-*+ 0%40%3%*1+(')* &% 1'4. +0'31.1C,'(.R 10+=C3 &% 3- 0%1)0'(+ ,.3 /'1.3 >-0:-%3%3
&'>-K+* ,+ 4%034%(1'=+ :%*%0+, &% ,+ 3%-&.B'3'3 L-% &%B'*% %, 3-%8. &%, /-*&.
>-0:-C3 (.*1%/4.06*%. 31+3 3.* 3-3 40'*('4+,%3 B':-0+3D
# + 5% &+&. %K%/4,.3 &% %31+ B':-0+ /-E B0%(-%*1% L-% (.*3'31% %*
(.*B%3+0 %, /+, +(('&%*1+, &% -*+ '*31'1-(')* &% (,+3% 4+0+ .(-,1+0 /%K.0 3- /+,
40'*('4'+, W % '*/-*'7+ ,. '/+:'*+0'. (.,%(1'=. /%&'+*1% -*+ 4%L-%8+
'*.(-,+(')* &% ,+ %*B%0/%&+& 0%(.*.('&+M +32 3% ,. &%B'%*&% (.*10+ %, 0'%3:. &% -*+
3->=%03')* :%*%0+,'7+&+ 31% 10+1+/'%*1. *. 5+>02+ 3'&. 4.3'>,% 5+(% +4%*+3
('%* +8.3M %* +L-%, /./%*1. %, >'%* >-0:-C3 *. 10+*3':2+ %0+ 1.1+,/%*1% '*B,%<'>,%M
&%34-C3 3% &.>,%:) %*.0/%/%*1%M E+ *. &-&+ %* 0%(.*.(%0 +,:-*+3 3->=%03'.*%3
,.(+,'7+&+3D ,+ =+*:-+0&'+ ,. '00+('.*+, '*B+*1', %1( M ='=% + 4+01'0 &% %*1.*(%3 %*
-*+ %(.*./2+ &% (./4%*3+(')*D (./. %* 1.&+ 3.('%&+& +*)*'/+ >'%* B.0/+&+ ,+3
4+01%3 4%L-%8+3 (./4%*3+* K-02&'(+/%*1% Q4%0. *. 0%+,/%*1%R + ,+3 /63 :0+*&%3
# , /'1. 40'=+ 1.1+,/%*1% &% 5'31.0'+ " +, .>K%1. &%, L-%
5+>,+ * C, ,+ 5'31.0'+ 3% %=+4.0+M %3 -*+ 3-%01% &% (0'+&+ '&%+,D 40%4+0+ 10+%
&'34.*% %, +/. ,,%:+ E %,,+ &%3+4+0%(% 3',%*('.3+/%*1%M 3),. 5+E L-% :.7+0 3'*
40%:-*1+03% &% &)*&% ='%*% %3% >%,,. .>K%1. /%K.0D *. 4-%&% =%*'0 /63 L-% &% ,+
%1%0*'&+&M &%3&% 3'%/40% %31+>+ 5%(5. 4+0+ %, 5./>0% >-0:-C3 &%3&% 3'%/40% ,+
34+8+ &% ,+ 9 .4 %31+>+ 5%(5+ 4+0+ %, 1-0'31+ &%3&% 3'%/40% ,.3 N40'/'1'=.3N
40%4+0+0.* 3-3 &+*7+3 4+0+ 40.=.(+0 -* 4,+(%0 %<)1'(. !%/.3 1.&. ,. '*L-'%1+*1%
L-% %31+ B%,'7 B':-0+ 5+(% &%3+4+0%(%0M &%1%0/'*'3/. E ,'>%01+& + ,+ =%7 +&+ %3
40.&-('&. *+&+ %3 %,%:'&.D 3),. 1%*%/.3 L-% 4.3%%0 %3.3 .>K%1.3 *-%=.3 &% ,.3 L-%
3% 5+ 5%(5. &%3+4+0%(%0 (-+,L-'%0 3-('+ 5-%,,+ &% .0':%* . &% %,%((')* 31+
%=+4.0+(')* /',+:0.3+ &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ %3 .10+ B.0/+ &% -* (.*(%41. (./O* + ,+
/+E.02+ &% ,.3 /'1.3 >-0:-%3%3D ,+ '00%34.*3+>','&+& &%, 5./>0%
# $ , 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 %3 -* 5./>0% '/4.1%*1% 4+0+ '/+:'*+0 ,.
.10. ' ,. .10. 3% 40%3%*1+ + 3- ='31+ %, 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 3% %*(%:-%(% ,. ':*.0+ E
,. *'%:+ . >'%* ,. 10+*3B.0/+ %* C, /'3/. * %, -*'=%03. 4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 1.&.3 ,.3
5%(5.3 L-% 3% %*B0%*1+* 3.* 5%(5.3 0%=%0>%0+*1%3 ,. .10. 3% 0%&-(% + ,. /'3/. .3

%31+>,%(% +32D +-1./)=',D f >+8.D f , %,%=+&. 4.&%0 &% (./40+ &%, ,%(1.0 &% 4.&2+
40%=%03% 4.0 ,+ /'1.,.:2+ &% %3+ 4->,'(+(')*

W 3. %31% >+0>+0'3/. N40'*('4'+,N (./. 10+&-((')* &%, *%.,.:'3/. &%, 1%<1.D G H

" +0< %* # + N &%>%/.3 .(-4+0*.3 &% %3+ 5'31.0'+ 4-%3 ,+ '&%.,.:2+ 3% 0%&-(% E+
3%+ + -*+ (.*(%4(')* %00)*%+ &% %3+ 5'31.0'+

+0< %* L > + - ,. L-% ,.3 5+(% 0%40%3%*1+*1%3 &% ,+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3'+ %3 L-% 3- %3420'1-
3- (.*('%*('+ *. 3.>0%4+3+* ,.3 ,'/'1%3 L-% %3+ (,+3% 3% 10+7+ 4+0+ 3-3 +(1'='&+&%3 N .0['D %,
4%L-%8.>-0:-C3 %3 %, 5./>0% L-% 3% 5+ 40%B%0'&.
Roland Barthes Mitologías

%34%(16(-,.3 ,.3 10'>-*+,%3 ,-:+0%3 &.*&% 3% (.00% %, 0'%3:. &% L-% ,. .10. 3%
%<4.*:+ 3% =-%,=%* %34%K. 3 L-% ,. .10. %3 -* %3(6*&+,. L-% +1%*1+ (.*10+ ,+
%3%*('+ ./'*'(' C0+0& -40'%7 3),. 4-%&%* +((%&%0 + ,+ %<'31%*('+ 3.('+, 3'
40%='+/%*1% 3.* 0%&-('&.3 +, %31+&. &% /.&%31.3 0%/%&.3 &%, 40%3'&%*1% &% ,+
+-&'%*('+ &%, 40.(-0+&.0 :%*%0+,M %3 %, 40%('. L-% 5+E L-% 4+:+0 4+0+ (.*&%*+0,.3
(.* 1.&+ K-31'('+ 4-%31. L-% ,+ K-31'('+ %3 -*+ .4%0+(')* &% >+,+*7+ E ,+ >+,+*7+ 3),.
4-%&% 4%3+0 ,. /'3/. E ,. /'3/. * 1.&+ (.*('%*('+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ %<'31%*
3'/-,+(0.3 &%, >0'>)* &%, 4+00'('&+ &%, 4%&%0+31+ %1( L-% %, (-%04. K-&'('+, %<10+%
4%0')&'(+/%*1% &% 3- (%0%>0. (.,.(+ %* %, >+*(. &%, +(-3+&. 0%(0'/'*+ E (.*&%*+M
3),. K-7:+ + +*6,.:.3 + (-%31')* &% 0-1+ *. &% *+1-0+,%7+ 4-%3 %
=%(%3 P0+0+/%*1%P ,. .10. 3% /-%310+ '00%&-(1'>,%M *. 4.0 -* %3(0O4-,.
0%4%*1'*. 3'*. 4.0L-% %* %31% (+3. 3% .4.*% %, + C31% *. 1'%*% ,+ 4'%,
>,+*(+ 3'*. *%:0+ 1+, .10. >%>% K-:. &% 4%0+ E *. ( I )/. +3'/',+0 ,. *%:0.
,. 0-3.T * %31.3 (+3.3 +4+0%(% -*+ B':-0+ &% +-<','. D %, %<.1'3/. . .10. &%='%*%
4-0. .>K%1. %34%(16(-,. :-'8.,D 0%,%:+&. + ,.3 (.*B'*%3 &% ,+ 5-/+*'&+& E+ *.
+1%*1+ (.*10+ ,+ 40.4'+ 3%:-0'&+& 31+ %3 3.>0% 1.&. -*+ B':-0+ 4%L-%8.>-0:-%3+ ,
>-0:-C3 +-*L-% *. 4-%&+ ='='0 ,. .10. 4-%&% 4.0 ,. /%*.3 '/+:'*+0 3- ,-:+0D %3 ,.
L-% 3% ,,+/+ ,'>%0+,'3/. %34%('% &% %(.*./2+ '*1%,%(1-+, &% ,.3 ,-:+0%3 0%(.*.('&.3
+ 4%L-%8+ >-0:-%32+ *. %3 ,'>%0+, Q%,,+ 40.&-(% %, B+3('3/. /'%*10+3 L-% ,+
>-0:-%32+ ,. -1','7+RD 0%+,'7+ (.* 0%10+3. %, '1'*%0+0'. >-0:-C3
# 2 E+ ,. 3C ,+ 4+,+>0+ *. %3 5%0/.3+ %0. %, +3-*1. 1+/>'C* %3
%<(%3'=+/%*1% B%. + 1+-1.,.:2+ %3 %3% 40.(%&'/'%*1. =%0>+, L-% (.*3'31% %* &%B'*'0
,. /'3/. 4.0 ,. /'3/. 0-6 -2 % 4-%&% =%0 %* %,,+ -*+ &% %3+3
(.*&-(1+3 /6:'(+3 &% ,+3 L-% 3% .(-4) +010% %* 3- 6 4
+ *.3 0%B-:'+/.3 %* ,+ 1+-1.,.:2+ (./. %* %, /'%&. ,+ (),%0+ . ,+ 10'31%7+
(-+*&. %31+/.3 B+,1.3 &% %<4,'(+(')*M ,+ (+0%*('+ +(('&%*1+, &%, ,%*:-+K% 3% '&%*1'B'(+
/6:'(+/%*1% (.* ,. L-% 3% &%('&% L-% %3 -*+ 0%3'31%*('+ *+1-0+, &%, .>K%1. +
1+-1.,.:2+ (.*,,%=+ -* &.>,% +3%3'*+1.D 3% /+1+ ,. 0+('.*+, 4.0L-% *.3 0%3'31%M 3%
/+1+ %, ,%*:-+K% 4.0L-% *.3 10+'('.*+ + 1+-1.,.:2+ %3 -* &%3=+*%('/'%*1.
.4.01-*. -*+ +B+3'+ 3+,-&+>,% %3 -*+ /-%01% . 3' 3% L-'%0% -*+ (./%&'+ ,+
N0%40%3%*1+(')*N '*&':*+&+ &% ,.3 &% ,. 0%+, (.*10+ %, ,%*:-+K% 6:'(+ 3),.
4-%&% 4.0 3-4-%31. 40.1%:%03% &%1063 &% -* +0:-/%*1. &% +-1.0'&+&D +3' (./.
0%34.*&%* ,.3 4+&0%3 +:.1+&.3 +*1% %, 5'K. '*3+('+>,% &% %<4,'(+('.*%3D N%3 +32
4.0L-% %3 +3'N . /%K.0 1.&+=2+D N4.0L-% 32 E 4-*1.M 3% +(+>)N (1. &% /+:'+
=%0:.*7.3+ L-% %B%(1O+ %, /.='/'%*1. =%0>+, &% ,. 0+('.*+, 4%0. L-% ,. +>+*&.*+ %*
3%:-'&+ E (0%% L-%&+0 %* 4+7 (.* ,+ (+-3+,'&+& 4.0L-% 5+ 40.B%0'&. ,+ 4+,+>0+
'*10.&-(1.0+ + 1+-1.,.:2+ &+ (-%*1+ &% -*+ 40.B-*&+ &%3(.*B'+*7+ 5+('+ %,
,%*:-+K%D 3% ,. 0%(5+7+ 4.0L-% *.3 B+,1+ %0. 1.&. 0%(5+7. &%, ,%*:-+K% %3 -*+
/-%01% + 1+-1.,.:2+ B-*&+ -* /-*&. /-%01. -* /-*&. '*/)=',
A 6 ,+/. +32 + %3+ B':-0+ /'1.,):'(+ L-% (.*3'31% %* 4,+*1%+0 &.3
(.*10+0'.3 E %L-'4+0+0 %, -*. (.* %, .10. + B'* &% 0%(5+7+0,.3 + +/>.3 Q . L-'%0.
%31. +L-%,,.R 3 /63 >'%* -*+ B':-0+ &% /'1. >-0:-C3 4-%3 3% 4+0%(% + -*+ B.0/+
/.&%0*+ &% ,'>%0+,'3/. !.,=%/.3 + %*(.*10+0 +L-2 ,+ B':-0+ &% ,+ >+,+*7+D ,. 0%+,
40'/%0. %3 0%&-('&. + +*6,.:.3M &%34-C3 3% ,. 4%3+M 4.0 B'* (./40.>+&+ ,+ ':-+,&+&
-*. 3% ,. 3+(+ &% %*('/+ +/>'C* +L-2 %*(.*10+/.3 -*+ (.*&-(1+ /6:'(+D (-+*&.
%3 '*()/.&. %,%:'0 *. 3% &+ ,+ 0+7)* + *'*:-*+ &% ,+3 &.3 4+01%3M 3% 5-E% &% ,. 0%+,
L-% 0%3-,1+ '*1.,%0+>,% 0%&-('C*&.,. + &.3 (.*10+0'.3 L-% 3% %L-','>0+* 4.0 %, 3.,.
5%(5. &% 5+>%0,.3 =-%,1. B.0/+3 +,'='+&.3 &% 3- 4%3. %34%(2B'(. , *'*'3/. 4-%&%

A
Roland Barthes Mitologías

1%*%0 B.0/+3 &%:0+&+&+3D %* +310.,.:2+ 4.0 %K%/4,. ,.3 /+,%3 =+* 3%:-'&.3 &%
>'%*%3 %L-'=+,%*1%3M 3.* 3'%/40% 40-&%*1%/%*1% 40%&'(5.3 %* -*+ 4%034%(1'=+ &%
(./4%*3+(')*D -* %L-','>0'. 1%0/'*+, '*/.=','7+ ,.3 =+,.0%3 ,+ ='&+ %, &%31'*. %1( M
*. 5+E L-% %,%:'0 3),. 3% 10+1+ &% +3-/'0 0%34.*3+>','&+&%3
? # $ 3 -*+ B':-0+ L-% 0.*&+ + 10+=C3 &% 1.&+3 ,+3
B':-0+3 40%(%&%*1%3 , 0%&-('0 1.&+ (-+,'&+& + -*+ (+*1'&+& %, /'1. 0%+,'7+ -*+
%(.*./2+ &% '*1%,':%*('+D (./40%*&% ,. 0%+, (.* /%*.3 :+31. % &+&. =+0'.3
%K%/4,.3 &% %3% /%(+*'3/. L-% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ PE 3.>0% 1.&. 4%L-%8.@
>-0:-%3+P *. =+(',+ %* +4,'(+0 + ,.3 5%(5.3 %31C1'(.3 + ,.3 (-+,%3 4.0 .10. ,+&.
40.(,+/+ (./. 4.3%%&.0%3 &% -*+ %3%*('+ '*/+1%0'+, , 1%+10. >-0:-C3 %3 -* >-%*
%K%/4,. &% %31+ (.*10+&'((')*D 4.0 -*+ 4+01% %, 1%+10. %3 (.*3'&%0+&. (./. -*+
%3%*('+ '00%&-(1'>,% + 1.&. ,%*:-+K% L-% 3% .B0%(% 3),. +, (.0+7)* + ,+ '*1-'(')*M
0%('>% &% %31+ (-+,'&+& -*+ &':*'&+& '/4%*%10+>,% Q3% 40.52>% (./. (0'/%* &% N,%3+@
%3%*('+N 5+>,+0 &%, 1%+10. $ + . /63 >'%* (-+,L-'%0 /+*%0+ '*1%,%(1-+, &%
4,+*1%+0 %, 1%+10. 3%06 &%3+(0%&'1+&+ >+K. %, 0)1-,. &% ('%*1'B'('3/. &% ,%*:-+K%
4%&+*1%RM 4.0 .10+ 4+01% %, +01% &0+/61'(. >-0:-C3 3% +4.E+ %* -*+ 4-0+
(-+*1'B'(+(')* &% ,.3 %B%(1.3D -* ('0(-'1. &% +4+0'%*('+3 (./4-1+>,%3 %31+>,%(% -*+
':-+,&+& (-+*1'1+1'=+ %*10% %, &'*%0. &% ,+ %*10+&+ E ,.3 ,,+*1.3 &%, (./%&'+*1% %,
,-K. &%, &%(.0+&.M ,. L-% %*10% *.3.10.3 4.0 %K%/4,. 3% ,,+/+ ,. N*+1-0+,N &%, +(1.0
%3 3.>0% 1.&. -*+ (+*1'&+& &% %B%(1.3 +>3.,-1+/%*1% ='3'>,%3
" # $ , /'1. 1'%*&% +, 40.=%0>'. + '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ '*='%01% +,,2
3-3 '*1%0%3%3 %3%*('+,%3D %, -*'=%03+,'3/. %, 0%(5+7. &% %<4,'(+(')* -*+ K%0+0L-2+
'*+,1%0+>,% &%, /-*&. %0. %3 40%('3. &'31'*:-'0 *-%=+/%*1% %, ,%*:-+K%@.>K%1. &%,
/%1+,%*:-+K% , 40.=%0>'. 4.4-,+0 +*(%310+, 1+/>'C* 4+01'('4+ &% -*+ (./40%*3')*
'*310-/%*1+, &%, /-*&. (./. .>K%1. *+ =%0'B'(+(')* 0-0+, (./.D N5+(% >-%*
1'%/4.N :-+0&+ -*+ 0%,+(')* 0%+, (.* ,+ -1','&+& &%, >-%* 1'%/4.M %3 -*+ =%0'B'(+(')*
'/4,2('1+/%*1% 1%(*.,):'(+M %* %31% (+3. ,+ 4+,+>0+ + 4%3+0 &% 3- B.0/+ :%*%0+,
+>310+(1+ (.*&'('.*+ +(1.3 3% '*3%01+ %* -*+ %(.*./2+ &% 40.&-((')*D %, 5+>'1+*1%
0-0+, *. 5+>,+ %, >-%* 1'%/4. ,. +(1O+ ,. '*(.04.0+ %* 3- 10+>+K. % %31+
/+*%0+ *-%310.3 0%B0+*%3 4.4-,+0%3 0%40%3%*1+* -* 5+>,+ +(1'=+ L-% 3% 5+
3.,'&'B'(+&. 4.(. + 4.(. %* 5+>,+ 0%B,%<'=+ 4%0. &% -*+ 0%B,%<')* ,'/'1+&+ 0%&-('&+
+ -*+ =%0'B'(+(')* E %* ('%01. /.&. 12/'&+ 40-&%*1% %310%(5+/%*1% (%0(+*+ +,
%/4'0'3/. , 0%B06* 4.4-,+0 40%=C /-(5. /63 &% ,. L-% +B'0/+ 4%0/+*%(% (./. %,
5+>,+ &% -*+ 5-/+*'&+& L-% 3% 5+(% *. L-% %3 , +B.0'3/. >-0:-C3 %* (+/>'.
4%01%*%(% +, /%1+,%*:-+K% %3 -* 3%:-*&. ,%*:-+K% L-% ? %K%0(% 3.>0% .>K%1.3 E+
40%4+0+&.3 - B.0/+ (,63'(+ %3 ,+ /6<'/+ * %31% (+3. ,+ =%0'B'(+(')* E+ *. %316
&'0':'&+ 5+('+ -* /-*&. 4.0 5+(%03%M &%>% (->0'0 -* /-*&. E+ 5%(5. .(-,1+0 ,+3
5-%,,+3 &% %31+ 40.&-((')* >+K. -*+ %='&%*('+ %1%0*+ 3 -*+ (.*10+%<4,'(+(')* %,
%L-'=+,%*1% *.>,% &% ,+ 1+-1.,.:2+ &% %3 " '/4%0+1'=. L-% ,.3 4+&0%3 (-+*&.
*. 1'%*%* 0%34-%31+3 3-34%*&%* %*('/+ &% ,+ (+>%7+ &% 3-3 5'K.3 , B-*&+/%*1. &%
,+ =%0'B'(+(')* >-0:-%3+ %3 %, %3 &%('0 -*+ =%0&+& L-% 3% +3'%*1+ %* %,
.0&%* +0>'10+0'. &% L-'%* ,+ 5+>,+
% 40%3%*1+&. %31+3 B':-0+3 &% 0%1)0'(+ 3'* .0&%* E 4-%&% 5+>%0 /-(5+3 .10+3D
+,:-*+3 4-%&%* :+31+03% .10+3 4-%&%* *+(%0 %0. 1+, (./. 3.* 3% +&='%01%
4%0B%(1+/%*1% L-% 3% +:0-4+* %* &.3 :0+*&%3 (./4+01'/%*1.3 L-% 3.* (./. ,.3
3':*.3 7.&'+(+,%3 &%, -*'=%03. >-0:-C3D ,+3 %3%*('+3 E ,+3 >+,+*7+3 + '&%.,.:2+
>-0:-%3+ 10+*3B.0/+ (.*1'*-+/%*1% ,.3 40.&-(1.3 &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ %* 1'4.3 %3%*('+,%3M
+32 (./. ,+ 3%4'+ +00.K+ 3- 1'*1+ 4+0+ 40.1%:%03% ,+ '&%.,.:2+ >-0:-%3+ *. 3% &+

?
Roland Barthes Mitologías

10%:-+ %* ,+ 1+0%+ &% .(-,1+0 ,+ (.*310-((')* 4%04%1-+ &%, /-*&. *. (%3+ %* 3- +B6*
&% B'K+0,. (./. .>K%1. &% 4.3%3')* '*B'*'1+ &% '*=%*1+0'+0 3- 5+>%0 &% %/>+,3+/+0,.
&% '*E%(1+0 %* ,. 0%+, +,:-*+ %3%*('+ 4-0'B'(+*1% L-% &%1%*:+ 3- 10+*3B.0/+(')* 3-
5-'&+ 5+('+ .10+3 B.0/+3 &% %<'31%*('+ %3% 5+>%0 +32 B'K+&. E (.*:%,+&. 3% =.,=%06
4.0 B'* (./4-1+>,%D ,+ /.0+, >-0:-%3+ %3 %3%*('+,/%*1% -*+ .4%0+(')* &% 4%3+&+D ,+3
%3%*('+3 3.* (.,.(+&+3 %* >+,+*7+3 (-E. >0+7. '*/)=', %3 %, 5./>0% >-0:-C3 -%31.
L-C %, B'* %34%(2B'(. &% ,.3 /'1.3 %3 '*/.=','7+0 +, /-*&. %3 *%(%3+0'. L-% ,.3 /'1.3
3-:'%0+* E 3'/-,%* -*+ %(.*./2+ -*'=%03+, L-% 5+ B'K+&. &% -*+ =%7 4+0+ 3'%/40% ,+
K%0+0L-2+ &% ,+3 4.3%3'.*%3 32 1.&.3 ,.3 &2+3 E %* 1.&+3 4+01%3 %, 5./>0% %3
&%1%*'&. 4.0 ,.3 /'1.3 E +00.K+&. 4.0 %,,.3 + %3% 40.1.1'4. '*/)=', L-% ='=% %* 3-
,-:+0 L-% ,. +3B'<'+ (./. -* '*/%*3. 4+063'1. '*1%0*. E L-% ,% 10+7+ %310%(5.3
,2/'1%3 + 3- +(1'='&+&M ,2/'1%3 &.*&% ,% %316 4%0/'1'&. 3-B0'0 3'* +:'1+0 %, /-*&.D ,+
3%-&.B'3'3 >-0:-%3+ (.*31'1-E% 4+0+ %, 5./>0% -*+ 40.5'>'(')* +>3.,-1+ &%
'*=%*1+03% .3 /'1.3 *. 3.* .10+ (.3+ L-% -*+ &%/+*&+ '*(%3+*1% '*B+1':+>,% -*+
%<':%*('+ '*3'&'.3+ % '*B,%<'>,% &% L-% 1.&.3 ,.3 5./>0%3 3% 0%(.*.7(+* %* %3+
'/+:%* %1%0*+ E 3'* %/>+0:. 3'1-+&+ %* %, 1'%/4. L-% 3% B.0/) &% %,,.3 %* -*
/./%*1. &+&. (./. 3' &%>'%0+ 4%0&-0+0 3'%/40% .0L-% ,+ *+1-0+,%7+ %* ,+ L-% 3%
%*('%00+ + ,.3 5./>0%3 (.* %, 40%1%<1. &% %1%0*'7+0,.3 *. %3 /63 L-% -* -3. E %3
K-31+/%*1% %3% -3. 4.0 /63 &'B-*&'&. L-% %31C %, L-% ,.3 5./>0%3 *%(%3'1+*
&./'*+0 E 10+*3B.0/+0

" # #$ #

+0+ 1%0/'*+0 %3 40%('3. L-% &':+ +,:-*+3 4+,+>0+3 3.>0% %, /'1),.:. /'3/.
31% 1C0/'*. %3 /-E 4./4.3. E (+0:+&. &% 40%3-*1-.3'&+& '* %/>+0:. %3 B6(',
40%&%('0 +, /'1),.:. 3' +,:-*+ =%7 3% +3-/% (./. 1+, +,:-*+3 &'B'(-,1+&%3 3' *. &%
/C1.&. 4.0 ,. /%*.3 &% 3%*1'/'%*1. '* &-&+ *. ,% (.31+06 /-(5. 3%*1'03%
K-31'B'(+&.D (-+,%3L-'%0+ 3%+* 3-3 =+(',+('.*%3 %3 -* 5%(5. ('%01. L-% ,+ /'1.,.:2+
4+01'('4+ &% -*+ /+*%0+ &% 5+(%0 %, /-*&. , +(%41+0 (./. +-1C*1'(. L-% %,
5./>0% &% ,+ 3.('%&+& >-0:-%3+ 3% 3-/%0:% + (+&+ '*31+*1% %* -*+ B+,3+ *+1-0+,%7+
,+ /'1.,.:2+ '*1%*1+ %*(.*10+0 >+K. ,+3 B.0/+3 '*.(%*1%3 &% ,+ ='&+ &% 0%,+(')* /63
'*:%*-+ ,+ 40.B-*&+ +,'%*+(')* L-% %3+3 B.0/+3 '*.(%*1%3 10+1+* &% 5+(%0 4+3+0
'*+&=%01'&+ , &%=%,+@/'%*1. L-% 40.&-(% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ %3 4.0 ,. 1+*1. -* +(1.
4.,21'(.M %* -*+ '&%+ 0%34.*3+>,% &%, ,%*:-+K% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ 4.31-,+ ,+ ,'>%01+& &%,
/'3/. '* &-&+ L-% %* %31% 3%*1'&. ,+ /'1.,.:2+ %3 -* +(-%0&. (.* %, /-*&. 4%0.
*. (.* %, /-*&. 1+, (./. %3 3'*. 1+, (./. L-'%0% 5+(%03% Q 0%(51 -3+>+ 4+0+
&%3':*+0 %3% +(-%0&. -*+ 4+,+>0+ %B'(+7/%*1% +/>':-+D 6 L-% L-'%0%
&%('0 + ,+ =%7 '*1%,':%*('+ &% [g 0%+, E (./4,'('&+& (.* C,R
31% +(-%0&. &% ,+ /'1.,.:2+ ,% 3'0=% &% K-31'B'(+(')* +, /'1),.:. 4%0. *. ,.
3+1'3B+(%D 3- (.*&'(')* 40.B-*&+ 3':-% 3'%*&. 1.&+=2+ -*+ (.*&'(')* &% %<(,-3')*
J-31'B'(+&. 4.0 ,. 4.,21'(. %, /'1),.:. 3% %*(-%*10+ 3'* %/>+0:. +,%K+&. &% ,+
4.,21'(+ - 5+>,+ %3 -* /%1+,%*:-+K% *. %K%0(% *+&+M (-+*1. /63 &%=%,+ 4%0. +-*
+32 S4+0+ L-'C* &%=%,+T - 1+0%+ 4%0/+*%(% 3'%/40% +/>':-+ %*1.04%('&+ 4.0 3-
.0':%* C1'(. , /'1),.:. ='=% ,+ +((')* 0%=.,-('.*+0'+ 3),. 4.0 40.(-0+(')*D &% +52 %,
(+06(1%0 &% 40%31+&. L-% 1'%*% 3- B-*(')* %3% +,:. &% -* 1+*1. 02:'&. E -* 1+*1.
+4,'(+&. &% (.*B-3. E &% %<(%3'=+/%*1% 3'/4,'B'(+&. L-% /+0(+ 1.&+ (.*&-(1+
'*1%,%(1-+, L-% 3% B-*&+ +>'%01+/%*1% %* ,. 4.,21'(. Q,+3 ,'1%0+1-0+3 N*.

"
Roland Barthes Mitologías

(./40./%1'&+3N 3.* '*B'*'1+/%*1% /63 N%,%:+*1%3NM %*(-%*10+* 3- ,-:+0 +&%(-+&. %*

%, /%1+@,%*:-+K%R
, /'1),.:. 3% %<(,-E% +&%/63 &% 1.&.3 ,.3 (.*3-/'&.0%3 &% /'1. E %31. *. %3
4.(+ (.3+ . %3 :0+=% (-+*&. 3% 10+1+ &% -* 4O>,'(. 4+01'(-,+0 9 %0. (-+*&. %,
/'1. +,(+*7+ 1.&+ ,+ (.,%(1'='&+& 3' 3% ,. L-'%0% +'3,+0 %3 *%(%3+0'. +,%K+03% &% 1.&+ ,+
(.,%(1'='&+& -+,L-'%0 /'1. -* 4.(. :%*%0+, %3 0%+,/%*1% +/>':-. 4-%3 0%40%3%*1+
,+ 5-/+*'&+&M +-* ,+ 5-/+*'&+& &% +L-%,,.3 L-% +, *. 1%*%0 *+&+ ,. 1./+* (./.
3-E. %3('B0+0 ,+ !-%,1+ &% 0+*('+ %, >-%* ='*. B0+*(C3 %3 5+(%0 +>310+((')* &%
L-'%*%3 3% &'310+%* (.* ,+ 40'/%0+ . &% L-'%*%3 4+,+&%+* %, 3%:-*&. , /'1),.:.
%316 (.*&%*+&. + ='='0 -*+ 3.('+>','&+& 1%)0'(+M %* %, /%K.0 &% ,.3 (+3.3 3%0 3.('+,
4+0+ C, %3 3%0 =%0&+&%0.D 3- /+E.0 3%*1'&. 3.('+, 0%3'&% %* 3- /+E.0 /.0+,'&+& -
0%,+(')* (.* %, /-*&. %3 &% 2*&.,% 3+0(631'(+
3 *%(%3+0'. '*(,-3. '0 /63 ,%K.3 +O*D %* +,:O* 3%*1'&. %, /'1),.:. %316 %<(,-'&.
&% ,+ 5'31.0'+ %* (-E. *./>0% K-31+/%*1% 40%1%*&% +(1-+0 + &%310-((')* L-% ,+*7+
+, ,%*:-+K% (.,%(1'=. %3 4+0+ C, +>3.,-1+M %,,+ +>3.0>% 1.&+ 3- 1+0%+D 1'%*% L-% ='='0,+
3'* %34%0+*7+ &% 0%1.0*. 3'* 40%3-4.*%0 *'*:-*+ (./4%*3+(')* '%*% 40.5'>'&.
'/+:'*+0 ,. L-% 3%06 3%*3'>,%/%*1% %, /-*&. (-+*&. %, .>K%1. '*/%&'+1. &% 3-
(021'(+ 5+E+ &%3+4+0%('&.M ,+ -1.42+ 4+0+ C, %3 -* ,-K. '/4.3'>,%M &-&+ /-(5. &%
L-% ,+3 =%0&+&%3 &% /+8+*+ 3%+* %, 0%=%03. %<+(1. &% ,+3 /%*1'0+3 &% 5.E +
5'31.0'+ K+/63 :+0+*1'7+ %, 10'-*B. 4-0. E 3'/4,% &% -* (.*10+0'. 3.>0% .10. (.*10+0'.D
,+ 5'31.0'+ 0%=%,+ %* %, /./%*1. &% 5+(%03% 3+,'&+3 '*'/+:'*+>,%3 32*1%3'3
'/40%='3'>,%3 , /'1),.:. 1+/4.(. 3% %*(-%*10+ %* -*+ 3'1-+(')* 3%/%K+*1% + ,+ &%
.'3C3D *. =% ,+ 1'%00+ 40./%1'&+ +0+ C, ,+ 4.3'1'='&+& &% /+8+*+ %316
(./4,%1+/%*1% .(-,1+ 4.0 ,+ *%:+1'='&+& &% 5.EM 1.&.3 ,.3 =+,.0%3 &% 3- %/40%3+ 3%
,% +4+0%(%* (./. +(1.3 &% &%310-((')*D -*.3 0%(->0%* %<+(1+/%*1% + ,.3 .10.3 *+&+
3.>0%3+,% 31+ (./40%*3')* 3->K%1'=+ &% ,+ 5'31.0'+ %* ,+ L-% %, :%0/%* 4-K+*1% &%,
B-1-0. 3),. %3 ,+ /63 40.B-*&+ +4.(+,'43'3 &%, 40%3%*1% B-% %<40%3+&+ 4.0 +'*1 J-31
(.* -*+ %<10+8+ B0+3%D N . L-% (.*31'1-E% ,+ %4O>,'(+ %3 ,+ &%310-((')* 1.1+, &% ,.
L-% 3% ,% .4.*% N 31. *. &%>% %*1%*&%03% (0%. %* %, 3%*1'&. 10'='+, &%D N%3
+>3.,-1+/%*1% *%(%3+0'. &%34%K+0 %, 1%00%*. +*1%3 &% 0%(.*310-'0N + ()4-,+ 1'%*%
+L-2 -* 3%*1'&. %<5+-31'=.D 4+0+ %3% 5./>0% 5+E -*+ *.(5% 3->K%1'=+ &% ,+ 5'31.0'+
%* ,+ L-% %, B-1-0. 3% =-%,=% %3%*('+ &%310-((')* %3%*('+, &%, 4+3+&. *+ O,1'/+
%<(,-3')* +(%(5+ +, /'1),.:.D (.00% %, 0'%3:. (.*31+*1% &% L-% ,. 0%+, L-% 40%1%*&%
40.1%:%0 3% &%3=+*%7(+ , /+0:%* &% (-+,L-'%0 4+,+>0+ %, 9 %3 -* .>K%1.
1%(*.,):'(+/%*1% &%B'*'&.D +,(+*7+ &%1%0/'*+&+ =%,.('&+& +B0.*1+ %, ='%*1. &%
&%1%0/'*+&+ /+*%0+ %1( &% %3+ 0%+,'&+& %, /'1),.:. *. 4-%&% 5+>,+0 ,
/%(6*'(. %, '*:%*'%0. %, -3-+0'. /'3/. 5+>,+* %, .>K%1.M %, /'1),.:. %* (+/>'. %316
(.*&%*+&. +, /%1+,%*:-+K% 31+ %<(,-3')* 1'%*% E+ -* *./>0%D 3% ,,+/+
'&%.,.:'3/. , 7&+*.='3/. ,. (.*&%*) ='=+/%*1% Q+-*L-% 3'* 40.>+0 ()/.
4-&'%0+ %='1+03%R %* %, 40'/%0 -[6(3 %* ,+ ,'*:V231'(+ &% +00 %* 10+>+K.3
(./. %, &% C*'(5.- . &% .,&/+** .4.*'%*&. + %3% '&%.,.:'3/. ,+ %<'31%*('+ &%
+,:. 0%+, '*+((%3'>,% + ,+ '&%.,.:'+ (./. %0+ %, (+3. &%, ,%*:-+K% 3%:O* 1+,'* 3
=%0&+& L-% %, '&%.,.:'3/. 0%3-%,=% ,+ (.*10+&'((')* &% ,. 0%+, +,'*%+&. /%&'+*1% ,+

9 . 3% 3%4+0+ 3.,+/%*1% &%, 4O>,'(. 3'*. + =%(%3 1+/>'C* &%, .>K%1. /'3/. &%, /'1. +0+
&%3/'31'B'(+0 ,+ '*B+*('+ 4.C1'(+ 4.0 %K%/4,. %* ('%01+ B.0/+ 1-=% L-% $ &% ,+ *'8+ '*.-
0.-%1 -=% L-% ':*.0+0 %* %,,+ >+K. C, /'1. %*.0/% (.* %, L-% 3% ,+ (.*B-*&% (-+,L-'%0 4.3'>','&+&
1'%0*+ +>'%01+ -*(+ %3 +:0+&+>,% 5+>,+0 -*+ *'8'1+
Roland Barthes Mitologías

+/4-1+(')*M E *. + 10+=C3 &% -*+ 32*1%3'3 Q(,+0. L-% %, 7&+*.='3/. *' 3'L-'%0+ ,+
0%3-%,=%R , ='*. %3 .>K%1'=+/%*1% >-%*. E ,+ >.*&+& &%, ='*. %3 -*
/'1.D %* %31. 0+&'(+ ,+ +4.0'+ , /'1),.:. 3+,% &% %,,+ (./. 4-%&%D 3% .(-4+06 &% ,+
>.*&+& &%, ='*. *. &%, ='*. /'3/.M &% ,+ /'3/+ /+*%0+ L-% %, 5'31.0'+&.0 3% .(-4+
&% ,+ '&%.,.:2+ &% +3(+, *. &% ,.3 ( %* 32 /'3/.3
, 4+0%(%0 3% 10+1+02+ &% -*+ &'B'(-,1+& &% ,+ C4.(+D 5.E &2+ +, /%*.3 4.0 +5.0+
*. %<'31% /63 L-% -*+ %,%((')* 4.3'>,% E %3+ %,%((')* 3),. 4-%&% 5+(%03% %*10% &.3
/C1.&.3 %<(%3'=.3 4.0 ':-+,D . 4,+*1%+0 -* 0%+, (./4,%1+/%*1% 4%0/%+>,% + ,+
5'31.0'+ % '&%.,.:'7+0M . >'%* 4.0 %, (.*10+0'. 4,+*1%+0 -* 0%+, $
'/4%*%10+>,% '00%&-(1'>,% E %* %3% (+3. 4.%1'7+0 * -*+ 4+,+>0+ 1.&+=2+ *. =%.
32*1%3'3 %*10% ,+ '&%.,.:2+ E ,+ 4.%32+ Q%*1'%*&. 4.0 4.%32+ &% -*+ /+*%0+ /-E
:%*%0+, ,+ >O3L-%&+ &%, 3%*1'&. '*+,'%*+>,% &% ,+3 (.3+3R
, 5%(5. &% L-% *. ,,%:-%/.3 + 3-4%0+0 -*+ (./40%*3')* '*%31+>,% &% ,. 0%+,
%3 3'* &-&+ ,+ /%&'&+ /'3/+ &% *-%310+ +,'%*+(')* 40%3%*1%D *+=%:+/.3
4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% %*10% %, .>K%1. E 3- &%3/'31'B'(+(')* '/4.1%*1%3 4+0+ +,(+*7+0 3-
1.1+,'&+& ' 4%*%10+/.3 %, .>K%1. ,. ,'>%0+/.3 4%0. ,. &%310-'/.3M E 3' ,. &%K+/.3
'*1+(1. ,. 0%34%1+/.3 4%0. ,. 0%31'1-'/.3 1+/>'C* /'31'B'(+&. +0%(%02+ L-%
&-0+*1% +,:O* 1'%/4. %31+0%/.3 (.*&%*+&.3 + 5+>,+0 3'%/40% 1 &% ,.
0%+,
3 '*&-&+>,% L-% %, '&%.,.:'3/. E 3- (.*10+0'. +O* 3.* (.*&-(1+3 /6:'(+3
+1%00.0'7+&+3 ('%:+3 E B+3('*+&+3 B0%*1% +, &%3:+00+/'%*1. &%, /-*&. 3.('+, +
4%3+0 &% 1.&. *-%310+ >O3L-%&+ &%>% %31+0 %*(+/'*+&+ + ,.:0+0 -*+ 0%(.*(','+(')*
&% ,. 0%+, E ,.3 5./>0%3 &% ,+ &%3(0'4(')* E ,+ %<4,'(+(')* &%, .>K%1. E &%, 3+>%0
= DM

=%(%3 +L-2 /'3/. %* %31+3 /'1.,.:2+3 5% -3+&. +,:-*+3 +31-('+3D (+*3+&. &% 10+>+K+0
4%0/+*%*1%/%*1% 3.>0% ,+ %=+4.0+(')* &% ,. 0%+, /% &%&'L-C + &+0,% -* %34%3.0 %<(%3'=. +
%*(.*10+0,% -*+ 3.,'&%7 3.040%*&%*1% +:0+&+>,% 4+0+ /' /'3/. + .B0%(%0 43'(.+*6,'3'3 3-31+*('+,%3
&% ,.3 .>K%1.3 /21'(.3