EKB 3172 PROJECT MANAGEMENT SEMESTER 6

Organization Name: JD ENGINEERING CONSULTATION SDN.BHD

Lecturer’s Name: Prof. Dr. Edwin Chung

List of Group Members:

No. Name ID No. Programme

1 PRAVIN MOORTY KUMAR 1101193002 BMEE

2 RISHAN REDDY MANI 1101192003 BMEE

3 RISHINTIRAN P. GOVINDARAJAN 1101202001 BMEE

Table of Contents
SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………3
OBJECTIVE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
SCOPE MANAGEMENT …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4
WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
TIME MANAGEMENT SCOPE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-7
INTERPRTING GANTT CHART …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-8
ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL PATH ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8-10
NETWORK DIAGRAM ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11-13
PROJECT COST MANAGEMENT ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13-16
CALCULATION OF MATERIAL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17-19
MATERIAL JUSTIFICATION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20-25
COST SUMMARY ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 26-27
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
RISK ANALYSES AND RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES ………………………………………………………………………………. 27-28
COMPLEXITY ASSESMENT …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 28
REFERENCE ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 29
SUMMARY

The goal of this project is to construct a two-story bungalow home in Semenyih, Selangor. Thebudget is
fixed at RM 1,110,000.00. This home was supposed to take 24 months to build, but we were able to
finish it by September 28th, 2023. Despite the 24-month time restriction, the project was completed
approximately 18 months without bypassing any of the required requirements. The project began on
April 1, 2022 and will end on September 28, 2023. The bungalow home was built for around 4377
square feet. The bungalow home will be handed over to the customer on September 28th, 2023. To
determine the cost of construction and building development, we consulted many sources, including
home construction cost calculators, worker salaries, material prices, window product ideals, automobile
porch size, and others. The majority of tasks and progress are automatically scheduled using the
Microsoft Project application to ensure that everything goes as planned.

INTRODUCTION
Every project presents its unique characteristics and challenges that need to be taken into consideration
in the process of managing it. Adoption of a project management strategy is always recommended to
take the whole scope of the project into account before proceeding with the individual tasks of the
project. Implementation of a strategic project management approach is useful as it allows for a thorough
planning and scheduling of the project rather than tackling the project on an individual task basis. The
project management process has to take into account the resources available, likelihood of risk factors,
stakeholder analysis, and cost analysis. In this report, the preliminary project management process
would be evaluated and investigated for the construction of a two-storey bungalow home in Semenyih,
Selangor. At this stage of the project, all required aspects of the project will get estimated and identified,
including – identification of risks, cost estimation, and timeline of the project using a critical path
scheduling of tasks.
OBJECTIVES

❖ To construct a quality and attractive bungalow within the time limit and
financialconstraints.
❖ To present the client with the desired dream home.

SCOPE MANAGEMENT
Phase 1: Preliminary Work
❖ The site is initially examined, and a surveyor creates a survey drawing to define the borders,
platform levels, road levels, terrain, flow discharge, and soil condition.
❖ A soil study is carried out to acquire information on the kind of soil existing on the building site
and in the surrounding area.
❖ Following the completion of the soil research, site clearing is performed, in which plants and trees
are rooted out and chopped down to guarantee a clean site.
❖ Then, ground workers construct a site access or access road to facilitate the movement of machinery
and equipment.
❖ Next, a temporary site office and crew facilities should be installed on-site so that personnel may
relax during breaks.
❖ Engineers will inspect for pre-existing utilities such as drainage and manholes before supplying
electricity and water to the site office.
❖ The surveyor lays out the building on a cleared site and translates the lines to profiles that are well
free of any construction activities.

Phase 2: Design Stage

❖ The architect creates the floor plan and engineers create the earthwork plan, as well as the road and
drainage plans, and the water reticulation system.
❖ Once that is completed, experts will design the sewage system for the reinforced concrete 2-story
bungalow home construction.
❖ Once all drawings have been completed, they are submitted to the appropriate authorities.
❖ Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan should be notified of the earthwork, road and drainage plans (PBT). As
the location is in Semenyih, it must be approved by the Majlis Perbandaran Kajang (MPKJ).
❖ Water reticulation designs must be submitted to Air Selangor, and sewage plans must be authorized
by the Indah Water Konsortium (IWK).
❖ Authorities will examine completed work to provide a Certificate of Completion and Compliance
(CCC) and a Certificate of Fitness (CF).
Phase 3: Construction Stage
❖ Ground crews begin work on the earthwork utilizing equipment such as excavators, crushers,
graders, skid steer loaders, TITACORD 12 blaster and dump trucks for the disposal of excess dirt.
❖ Cut and fill method are performed and wooden forms serves as a foundation template.
❖ The building's footings are next built utilizing piling and pad-footing procedures.
❖ The foundation walls are built and poured.
❖ The ground beam and columns are built in the next stage.
❖ The slab for the ground floor is poured after the plane has been levelled and utility lines such as
plumbing drains and electrical chases have been installed.
❖ Next, the floor beam, columns, and slab for the second level are built.
❖ As soon as the roof is completed, engineers will begin to install the necessary plumbing, ventilation,
and electrical systems.
❖ Pipes and wiring, sewage lines and water supply lines, vents and air-conditioning lines, among
other things, will be installed at this stage.
❖ The external and interior finishing, such as painting and installing doors and windows, are now
being completed.

Phase 4: Site Decommissioning

❖ The project site is cleaned one last time, and any leftover building material is removed.
❖ Finally, the home is turned over to the customer.
❖ The home is granted a Defect Liability Period (DLP) of two years, during which time the customers
may report any faults with the building's construction.
Work Breakdown Structure
Planning is frequently the most critical work in a project since it guarantees that no time, energy,
resources, or money is wasted. To ensure the house is built under budget and on schedule, as well as
in a way that is safe for everyone involved, planning is essential. Work Breakdown Structure is the key
way needed as a foundation in the planning or management of the construction process in this project
(WBS). The goal of a work breakdown structure is to offer a structural perspective of the project and
its tasks. WBS tend to give a sharper perspective within a project scope and explain the project so that
it may be handled properly.

Figure 1: Work Breakdown Structure for two-storey bungalow

TIME MANAGEMENT SCOPE

Task Dependencies in Project Planning
Project management requires accurate time management in order to meet deadlines. It is critical to
decide which tasks should be completed in order for the job progress to flow smoothly. Dependencies
are the connections between previous and subsequent activities. A task may have several previous and
following tasks. The predecessor job must be accomplished before moving on to the successor
assignment. The following are examples of dependencies:
❖ Finish to Start: Predecessor must finish before successor can start.
❖ Start to Start: Predecessor must start before successor can start.
❖ Finish to Finish: Predecessor must finish before successor can finish.
❖ Start to Finish: Predecessor must start before successor can finish.

Microsoft Project is the programme we utilized for this project. Developed and offered by Microsoft,
Microsoft Project is a project management application. A project manager can use it to make schedules,
allocate resources, monitor progress, keep tabs on costs and do workload analysis. Microsoft Project is
capable of easing project workflow by:
❖ Eliminating the sluggish and clunky approach of employing handwritten methods when presenting
data
❖ Producing data reports that are simple to analyses and show.
❖ Create a critical route to better monitor project progress.
❖ The programme aids in keeping financial and resource management under control and free of
disruptions by identifying areas of strength and weakness in the company's management.

Interpreting Gantt Chart

The Gantt chart tasks are broken down into multiple subtasks so that revisions and reviews of the Gantt
chart are easier. The project is split into four major stages: preparatory work, design work, building
work, and site decommissioning. The job is then broken into various subtasks in the four major phases.
The majority of the activities are dependent on other tasks, as seen by the Gantt chart, which depicts
arrows indicating which tasks must be completed before the present activity, or in other terms, the
predecessor. The majority of tasks have a start-to-finish and finish-to-start dependency connection.
Before a job can begin, the predecessor will be evaluated to verify that the task does not need the pre-
requisite task. The main task is automatically scheduled with the fixed timeframe and sub tasks are
manually stated in the Microsoft Project tool.
The project's completion is requested and projected to take two years, or 24 months from the
commencement date. However, the project is expected to be completed by the end of September 2023,
particularly on the 28th of September 2023. Hopefully, everything is progressing as expected, and the
anticipated time can be met without any budget changes. It is hoped that it would be completed as soon
as feasible before the bungalow's completion date of 24 months. Despite the fact that the project's
length is projected to be 18 months, the working days listed in the Gantt chart are just 390 days. This
is due to the chart omitting the public holidays in 2022 and 2023. Furthermore, the public holidays for
all major religious and racial celebrations, such as Chinese New Year, Deepavali, Hari Raya Aidilfitri,
and Christmas Day, have been extended for a week. Gantt chart is shown as the figure below:
Analysis of Critical Path
The critical path refers to tasks that have many task dependencies that entail the following tasks. To
prevent any unforeseen delays in the project's development, the various task dependencies should be
examined before completing particular activities. The building stage is the most crucial component of
the project since it will use the most time in the allotted period. The building step will commence after
the design stage has been completed and approved by the authorized authority. The construction stage
is expected to take 180 working days to complete, beginning with earthwork and continuing with
ground floor, second storey, roofing, utility installation, and interior and exterior finishing. List of
critical tasks are as followed:
1 Preliminary Work
1.1 Site Visit
1.2 Survey Drawing
1.3 Soil Investigation
1.4 Site Clearance
1.5 Temporary Facilities Installation

2 Design Stage
2.1 Layout plan
2.2 Earthwork Plan
2.2.1 Road Plan
2.2.2 Drainage Plan
2.2.3 Water Circulation System
2.2.4 Sewerage System
2.3 Design Submission
2.3.1 Earthwork, road and drainage
2.3.2 Water reticulation to IWK

3 Construction Stage
3.1 Earthwork
3.1.1 Excavation
3.2 Ground Floor
3.2.1 Footing
3.2.2 Framing
3.2.3 Cut and Fill
3.2.4 Piling
3.2.5 Pad-footing
3.2.6 Levelling the plane and fitting
3.2.7 Plumbing drains
3.2.8 Electrical chases
3.2.9 Concrete slab foundation
3.3 Second Floor
3.3.1 Floor beams and column
3.3.2 Pouring Slab and brick works
3.4 Roofing
3.4.1 Framing
3.4.2 Ventilating
3.4.3 Underlay support tray
3.4.4 Underlaying
3.4.5 Battens and Tiles
3.4.6 Verge Units
3.4.7 Roof ridge
3.5 Utilities Installation
3.5.1 Plumbing
3.5.2 Ventilation
3.5.3 Electrical Wiring
3.6 Finishing
3.6.1 Exterior
3.6.1.1 Wall
3.6.1.1 Painting
3.6.1.2 Windows
3.6.1.3 Doors
3.6.2 Interior
3.6.2.1 Floor
3.6.2.2 Wall
3.6.2.2.1 Painting
3.6.2.2.2 Side Skirting
3.6.2.3 Ceiling
3.6.2.4 Electrical Plugs
3.6.2.5 Water Supply

4 Site Decommissioning
4.1 Cleaning
4.2 Handover house
Network Diagram
Tasks List
ID WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Resource Names
0 0 Project RM 1.11 million 2-stor 390 days Fri 1/4/22 Wed 28/9/23
1 1 Preliminary Work 58 days Fri 1/4/22 Tue 21/6/22
2 1.1 Site visit 2 days Fri 1/4/22 Mon 4/4/22
3 1.2 Survey drawing 2 days Fri 1/4/22 Mon 4/4/22
4 1.3 Soil investigation 15 days Fri 8/4/22 Thu 28/4/22 3
5 1.4 Site clearance 15 days Mon 2/5/22 Fri 20/5/22 4
6 1.5 Temporary facilities installatio 20 days Mon 23/5/22 Fri 17/6/22 5
7 2 Design Stage 91 days Tue 31/5/22 Mon 3/10/22
8 2.1 Layout plan 15 days Wed 22/6/22 Tue 12/7/22 2
9 2.2 Earthwork plan 52 days Tue 28/6/22 Tue 30/8/22
10 2.2.1 Road plan 15 days Thu 30/6/22 Wed 20/7/22 8
11 2.2.2 Drainage plan 15 days Thu 7/7/22 Wed 27/7/22 8
12 2.2.3 Water circulation system 15 days Fri 15/7/22 Thu 4/8/22 8
13 2.2.4 Sewerage system 11 days Wed 17/8/22 Tue 30/8/22 12
14 2.3 Design submission 25 days Mon 19/9/22 Fri 21/10/22
15 2.3.1 Earthwork, road and drainage 12 days Mon 19/9/22 Tue 4/10/22 13
16 2.3.2 Water reticulation to IWK 12 days Thu 6/10/22 Fri 21/10/22 13
17 3 Construction Stage 180 days Mon 24/10/22 Fri 30/6/23
18 3.1 Earthwork 14 days Mon 31/10/22 Thu 17/11/22
19 3.1.1 Excavation 14 days Mon 31/10/22 Thu 17/11/22 15,16
20 3.2 Ground floor 65 days Fri 18/11/22 Thu 16/2/23
21 3.2.1 Footing 15 days Fri 18/11/22 Thu 8/12/22 19
22 3.2.2 Framing 15 days Fri 18/11/22 Thu 8/12/22 19
23 3.2.3 Cut and fill 15 days Fri 18/11/22 Thu 8/12/22 19
24 3.2.4 Piling 15 days Fri 9/12/22 Thu 29/12/22 23
25 3.2.5 Pad-footing 15 days Fri 9/12/22 Thu 29/12/22 23
26 3.2.6 Levelling the plane and fitting15 days Fri 9/12/22 Thu 29/12/22 23
27 3.2.7 Plumbing drains 15 days Fri 30/12/22 Thu 19/1/23 26
28 3.2.8 Electrical chases 15 days Fri 30/12/22 Thu 19/1/23 26
29 3.2.9 Concrete slab foundation 20 days Fri 20/1/23 Thu 16/2/23 27,28
30 3.3 Second floor 40 days Mon 20/2/23 Fri 14/4/23
31 3.3.1 Floor beams and column 20 days Mon 20/2/23 Fri 17/3/23 29
32 3.3.2 Pouring slab and brick works20 days Mon 20/3/23 Fri 14/4/23 31
33 3.4 Roofing 27 days Mon 17/4/23 Tue 23/5/23
34 3.4.1 Framing 10 days Mon 17/4/23 Fri 28/4/23 32
35 3.4.2 Ventilating 5 days Tue 2/5/23 Mon 8/5/23 34
36 3.4.3 Underlay support tray 5 days Tue 2/5/23 Mon 8/5/23 34
37 3.4.4 Underlaying 5 days Tue 9/5/23 Mon 15/5/23 36
38 3.4.5 Battens and tiles 5 days Tue 9/5/23 Mon 15/5/23 36
39 3.4.6 Verge units 5 days Tue 9/5/23 Mon 15/5/23 36
40 3.4.7 Roof ridge 7 days Tue 16/5/23 Wed 24/5/23 39
41 3.5 Utilities instatllation 7 days Wed 24/5/23 Thu 1/6/23 33
42 3.5.1 Plumbing 7 days Wed 24/5/23 Thu 1/6/23 32
43 3.5.2 Ventilation 7 days Mon 28/3/22 Thu 1/6/23 32
44 3.5.3 Electrical wiring 7 days Mon 28/3/22 Thu 1/6/23 32
45 3.6 Finishing 31 days Mon 5/6/23 Mon 17/7/23
46 3.6.1 Exterior 14 days Wed 28/6/23 Mon 17/7/23
 47 3.6.1.1 Wall 14 days Wed 28/6/23 Mon 17/7/23
48 3.6.1.1.1 Painting 14 days Wed 28/6/23 Mon 17/7/23 33
49 3.6.1.2 Windows 5 days Wed 28/6/23 Tue 4/7/23 33
50 3.6.1.3 Doors 5 days Wed 28/6/23 Tue 4/7/23 33
51 3.6.2 Interior 27 days Mon 5/6/23 Tue 11/7/23 33
52 3.6.2.1 Floor 10 days Wed 28/6/23 Tue 11/7/23 33
53 3.6.2.2 Wall 22 days Mon 5/6/23 Tue 4/7/23
54 3.6.2.2.1 Painting 5 days Mon 5/6/23 Fri 9/6/23 40
55 3.6.2.2.2 Side skirting 5 days Wed 28/6/23 Tue 4/7/23 40
56 3.6.2.3 Ceiling 7 days Mon 12/6/23 Tue 20/6/23 54
57 3.6.2.4 Electrical plugs 2 days Mon 12/6/23 Tue 13/6/23 54
58 3.6.2.5 Water supply 7 days Mon 12/6/23 Tue 20/6/23 54
59 4 Site Decommissioning 61 days Thu 6/7/23 Thu 28/9/23 17
60 4.1 Cleaning 60 days Mon 10/7/23 Fri 22/9/23
61 4.2 Handover house 1 day Wed 28/9/23 Wed 28/9/23 60

PROJECT COST MANAGEMENT

PART 1: Estimation Cost of Construction

Item Description Length Width Area Unit Rate Amount

Number (RM) (RM)
1.1 Size of land 72.5 63 4567.5 Sq ft RM45 205,537.5
per sq ft

1.2 Size of Plot 52.6 58 3050.8 Sq ft RM280 854,224

per sq ft
Total of estimation 1,059,761.5

Calculations of cost of land and construction

a) Cost of bungalow land
*Cost of land in Semenyih is RM45 per square feet

Land Cost = RM 45 per square feet × 4567.5 square feet

= RM205,537.50
b) Cost of construction
*Cost of construction is RM 280 per square feet in Semenyih
Construction Cost = RM 280 per square feet × 3050.8 square feet = RM 854,224
 PART 2: Cost of Building Construction Materials

Item Material Quantity Unit Rate Amount

number (RM) (RM)
2.0 Main construction Items

2.1 Cement
0.45 cement bag is used per sq ft of construction. So, the 1380 Bags 14.40 19,872
cement used is needed to cover 3050.8 sqft of the house
2.2 Sand
Used to fill the surface and prepare RCC, cement, and plaster.
Red burnt clay bricks 120 ton 32 3,840
2.3 Usage of bricks is based on 10 bricks for 9 ft wall and the
amount that is needed to be covered for the whole house is
3050.8 sq ft.
Reinforcement steel bars (rebar) 30600 piece 0.450 13,770
2.4 Reinforcement steel bars to be used for 1 sq ft areais 3kg. So,
to cover the whole area 9150 kg steel is needed.

Porch (2 car park) 9.150 ton 2250 20,587.50

2.5 Materials needed for 2 car parking spots of (16 x 20
ft)
47 ton 43 2,021

2.6 ¾ Aggregates
Used along sand and cement
900 sq ft 18.6 8615

2.7 Flooring
590 tiles 62.80 37,052
2.71 Flooring tiles
Flooring tiles that are needed to cover around 3000 sq ft of
area. An additional skirting material as well as tiles for the
stairs and to be wasted is around 950 sq ft. Tiles that will be
used 800 x 800mm, and would be made of porcelain
2.71 Tiles adhesives 106 bags 25.50 2703
A 18kg bag of adhesives can cover +/- 2.5 m2.
2.8 Finishers

About 1 liter of paint can be used to cover 45 sq ft.

Considering 1800 sq ft of walls needed to be painted for both
sides of bungalow. (1 drum of paint consists of 22L)

Emulsion paint, wall sealer

2.81 Emulsion paint, basecoat sealer 2 drums 135 270
2.82 Emulsion paint, weather bond 2 72 144
2.83 2 275 550
2.9 Fittings

2.91 Window 3 % 25,626.72 25,626.72

 Adjustable louvre glass blades

Doors
2.92 Sliding doors 46,982.32 46,982.32
Door frame
Doorknob, locks, and trim panels 5.5 %
Automatic gates (semi)

Plumbing
Waterproofing
2.93 PVC pipes
Cast iron pipe 5.5 %
Galvanized steel 46,982.32 46,982.32
pipe
Insulating materials
Showers and pumps
Sinks

Electrical
Sockets
Lightings
2.94 Ceiling Fans
Air 6.8 %
conditioners 58,087.32 58,087.32
Automatic gate installation

Sanitary
Bathtub 5.0
2.95 Toilet bowl % 42,711.20 42,711.20
Toilet sinks
Bidet

2.10 Miscellaneous

2.11 Garden items

Soil, plant saplings and other gardening tools 616.7 Sq ft 17 10,483.90

2.12 Others
Screws, nails, plywood, breakers, corner guards, 3 % 14,800.50 14,800.50
hooks,long screws, and pins

TOTAL RM355,0
98.78
Calculations for materials
a) For Item 2.0: Main construction items
i) 2.1 Cements
Size of plot = 3050.8 sq ft Cement bags needed for 1 sq ft of plot
= 0.45Cement bags needed = 3050.8 sq ft × 0.45
= 1373 bags
Because there may be additional bags needed, the numbers of bags are rounded up to 1380 bags.
ii) 2.2 Sands
Estimated sand quantity required to cover the ground during

earthworks. = 4800cubic ft

Mass of sand needed = 4800 cu ft × 0.025 = 120 tons

iii) 2.3 Red burnt clay brick

No of bricks needed= 3050.8 sq ft × 10

bricks = 30508 The numbers of bricks are

rounded off = 30600 bricks

iv) 2.4 Reinforcement steel bars

Considering 3kg steel bars needed
for 1 sq ftarea Steel bar = 3050.8
sq ft × 3 = 9152.4 kg
= 9150 kg

v) 2.6 Car Park / porch

Size of plot =
3050.8 sq ftSize
of land = 4567.5
sq ft
Amount of land left for car park/porch = 4567.5 – 3050.8 =

1516.7sq ft2 cars must be able to park at the porch

 b) For item 2.7: Floorings

i) Floor tiles
Total area of tiles needed to cover for ground floor and first floor of bungalow is 3000 sq ft
with additional 950 sq ft for skirting materials.

Size of tiles = 0.8 × 0.8m = 0.64 m2

1 𝑚^2
Total area of tiles needed = (3950 sq ft × ) = 366.96 m2 = 370m2 (rounded off)
10.764 𝑠𝑞 𝑓𝑡

Total tiles needed = 370 m2 ÷ 0.64 m2 = 578.12 tiles = 570 tiles (round off)

ii) Tiles adhesives

Area of tiles needed = 370m2
Since 18kg of adhesive is needed for +-2.5 m2 of
tiles,
So, 2.5 m2/18kg = 0.14 m2/kg
Weight of adhesive needed = 370 m2 ÷ 0.14 m2/kg
= 2643kg
Number of bags needed = 2643kg ÷ 25kg per bag
= 106 bags

c) For item 2.8: Finishers (Paint)

*Consider wall size of 1800 sqft to be painted both inter and external of the bungalow
*2 L of paint can be used to cover 45 sq ft of wall

*Same calculations for:

i) 2.81 Emulsion paint, wall sealer
ii) 2.82 Emulsion paint, basecoat sealer
iii) 2.83 Emulsion paint, weather bond
Amount of paint needed (liter) = 1800 sq ft ÷45 sq ft /L = 40L
Volume of a drum of paint = 22L
Number of drums needed for each type of paint = 40/22
= 1.8
= 2 drums needed

d) For item 2.9: Fittings

• For the calculations of the fittings, items are bought in a large
amount thus, percentage is used when it comes to the calculation
of the items of each type.

i) 2.91 Windows
Costs approximately 3% of total cost of construction = 0.04 × RM 854,224
= RM25,626.72
 ii) 2.92 Doors
Costs approximately 5.5% of total cost of construction = 0.055 × RM 854,224

= RM46,982.32

iii) 2.93 Plumbing

Costs approximately 5.5% of total cost of construction = 0.055 × RM 854,224
= RM46,982.32

iv) 2.94 Electrical

Costs approximately 6.8% of total cost of construction = 0.068 × RM 854,224
= RM58,087.32

v) 2.95 Sanitary
Costs approximately 5% of total cost of construction = 0.05 × RM 854,224
= RM42,711.20

e) For item: 2.10 Miscellaneous

• Miscellaneous things are also purchased in big quantities, and some are already
supplied by experiencedindividuals.
i) Garden items
Soil, trees, stones, grass, and other plants
The size of the garden is determined using the remaining space that is available:
Land size = 4567.5 sq ft
Plot size = 3050.8 sq ft
Parking size = 900 sq ft

Garden size = 4567.5 – 3050.8 – 990

= 616.7 sq ft
Materials Justification
▪ Cement

❖ Cement is an adhesive material since it is used to hold aggregates together all the time. It is
one among the mostoften used building materials. It can be used alone, but it's most employed
in mortar and concrete, when it's combined with an inert ingredient called aggregate. This
type of cement is made up of finely powdered particlesthat harden when combined with water.

▪ Sand

❖ Sand is often utilized in construction because it may provide other elements bulk, rigidity,
and stability. It is widely utilized in the preparation of concrete for use in building
construction. A foundation layer termed as 'blinding' is put over a layer of hardcore, which is
also formed of sand. The purpose is to offer a clean, level, and dry surface for building
activities.

▪ Red burnt clay bricks

❖ These materials are formed by compressing wet clay into molds and then drying and firing it
in kilns. A solid hardened clay is used in this sort of brick. When used in walls, it must be
plastered with mortar. Other applicationsinclude masonry walls, foundation, and columns.

▪ Reinforcement steel bars (rebar)

❖ Reinforced concrete building constructions employ rebar, which is a mesh of steel wires. It's
used to reinforce and hold concrete in place. This is since concrete is compressive but weak
in tension. Steel is utilized as rebar because its deformation at high temperatures is
approximately identical to that of concrete. In building construction, rebar might be used as
main or secondary reinforcement.

▪ ¾ Aggregates

❖ Aggregates are a component of composite materials like concrete and asphalt concrete, and
they act as support to increase the overall strength of the composite material. And is used in
construction to make concrete by combining it with cement, bitumen, lime, or another
adhesive. Gravel, crushed stone, sand, recycled concrete, and geosynthetic aggregates are all
included. It might be organic, synthetic, or recycled.

▪ Windows

❖ Windows let in light and allow individuals to view what's going on outside their home. They
are glass-enclosedholes that provide for ventilation. Louvre and casement windows are the
types of windows used in this home. Louvres are made from a series of parallel panels of
glazing that are suspended on center pivots spaced evenly down the vertical jambs and may
be opened and closed with a crank or lever. With relatively tiny projections, they provide
adequate ventilation. Casement windows, on the other hand, are hinged on the exterior. It is
particularly useful for natural ventilation in hot areas.
 • Doors

❖ Any home or structure would be incomplete without doors. Its main function is to regulate
entry to the doorwayand so offer security. Hinged doors are ubiquitous; however, slides or
swing doors can be used to move them. We picked a swing door for the front entrance and a
slide door for the side and back doors for this home. This allows the owner to guarantee that
only those who have permission to open them from the outside may do so.

▪ Plumbing

❖ A plumbing system is a set of pipes built in your house for the distribution of water and the
removal of waterborne wastes. A plumbing system's water-carrying pipes and other materials
must be sturdy, corrosion resistant, and long-lasting enough to outlast the estimated life of the
structure in which they are placed. We employ PVC pipes, Poli pipes, wrought iron pipes, and
galvanized steel pipes for this reason. These pipes are long-lasting and will survive for a long
period.

PART 3: Skilled Workers Needed

Item Description Quantity Days Unit Rate Salary

Number needed (RM/day) (RM)
3.1 Bar bender 1 40 Day 85 3400
3.2 Carpenter 3 22 300 19800
3.3 General Worker/Contractor 5 210 50 52500
3.4 Door & windows installer 2 4 182 1456
3.5 Brick layers 2 20 264 10560
3.6 Pointing, cleaning, and caulking 1 30 50 1500
workers
3.7 Plasterer 2 14 232 6496
3.8 Roofer 2 19 224 8512
3.9 Crane operator 1 30 290 8700
3.10 Lorry driver 2 8 80 1280
3.11 Truss erector 1 12 215 2580
3.12 Painters 3 20 200 12000
3.13 Plumber 2 18 150 5400
3.14 Electrical contractor 1 15 110 1650
3.15 Electrician 3 10 170 5100
3.16 Tiler/Roof Tiler 3 22 100 6600
3.17 Landscape designer 1 25 400 10000
3.18 Civil Engineers 2 30 800 48000
3.19 Architect 2 - - 14000
3.20 Land Surveyors 2 35 510 35700
3.21 Geotechnical engineer 2 12 200 4800
3.22 Backhoe operator 1 30 224 6720
3.23 Dumper operator 1 15 100 1500
3.24 Excavator operator 1 15 100 1500
3.25 Grader operator 1 6 208 1248
3.26 Pneumatic hammer operator 1 15 185 2775
3.27 Concrete mixer truck operator 1 5 210 1050
3.28 Hydraulic drop hammer operator 1 12 138 1656
3.29 Safety officer 2 30 135 8100
3.30 Paver Operator 1 15 210 3150

Total salary paid RM 287,773

Sample calculations of skilled workers salary

• All calculations of the payment for the skilled workers are similar.
• General calculation involves the multiplication of the number of days that the workers work
with the number of workers and the rate of pay for each day.
• All rate of pay of pay of workers is obtained
from: https://www.salaryexpert.com/

Sample 1: For item 3.2:

Number of carpenters = 3

Days required of working = 22 days Salary rate per day = RM300

Amount = 3 Workers × 22 days × RM 300/day
= RM19,800

Sample 2: For Item 3.19

Architect salary per project is RM7000 Number of Architect = 2
Amount = 2 × RM7000
= RM 14000

Sample 3: For item 3.29

Number of Safety officer = 2
Days required for working = 30 days Salary per day = RM135
Amount = 2 × 30 days × RM135
= RM 8,100
PART 4: Equipment Used

Days Amount
Item Number Equipment Quantity Required Rate (RM) (RM)
4.1 Measuring Tape 3 \ 5 15
4.2 Chalk Line 12 \ 18 216
4.3 Drill 2 \ 250 500
4.4 Hammer 4 \ 25 100
4.5 Hand saw 4 \ 50 200
Portable Cement
4.6 Mixer 1 \ 2500 2500
Concrete
4.7 Vibrator 1 \ 3000 3000
4.8 Spade 1 \ 90 90
4.9 Screed Board 5 \ 30 150
4.10 Penetrometer 1 \ 460 460
Bar Bending
4.11 Machine 2 40 35 2800
4.12 Table Saw 2 \ 500 1000
4.13 Safety Glasses 10 \ 50 500
4.14 Utility Knife 5 \ 85 425
4.15 Rotary Hammer 5 \ 350 1750
4.16 Caulk Gun 5 \ 10 50
4.17 Level 5 \ 300 1500
4.18 Scaffolding 50 65 8 26000
4.19 Square Ruler 5 \ 20 100
4.20 Screwdriver 5 \ 20 100
Rose Brick
4.21 Trowels 5 \ 25 125
4.22 Carpenter Level 3 \ 20 60
4.23 Brick Jointer 15 \ 50 750
Masonry
4.24 Brushes 5 \ 10 50
4.25 Sled Runners 5 \ 160 800
4.26 Stapler 5 \ 20 100
4.27 Lorry 2 8 450 7200
4.28 Crane 1 30 1200 36000
4.29 Metal Bender 1 \ 250 250
4.30 Metal Cutter 5 \ 200 1000
4.31 Paint Brushes 5 \ 20 100
4.32 Ladders 6 \ 250 1500
4.33 Tape 50 \ 5 250
4.34 Masking 30 \ 3 90
4.35 Carpenter's Glue 20 \ 10 200
4.36 Jigsaw 5 \ 300 1500
4.37 Miter Saw 5 \ 350 1750
Pressure Test
4.38 Pump 1 \ 700 700
4.39 Clamp Tool 4 \ 150 600
Electric Pipe
4.40 Threaded 2 \ 2500 5000
Steel Pipe
4.41 Wrench 5 \ 60 300
Pipe Bending
4.42 Machine 1 \ 6200 6200
4.43 Pipe Cutter 4 \ 30 120
4.44 Gloves 5 \ 20 100
4.45 Floor Cleaner 20 \ 25 500
4.46 Trowel 5 \ 20 100
4.47 Flaring Pliers 5 \ 80 400
4.48 Wheelbarrow 5 \ 150 750
4.49 Shovel 2 \ 100 200
4.50 Hoe 5 \ 20 100
4.51 Shears 5 \ 20 100
4.52 Backhoe 1 30 900 27000
4.53 Dumper 1 15 850 12750
4.54 Excavator 1 15 1100 16500
Vibrating Plate
4.55 Compactor 1 2 50 100
4.56 Paver 1 15 750 11250
4.57 Grader 1 6 600 3600
Hydraulic Drop
4.58 Hammer 1 12 1600 19200
4.59 Dump Truck 1 15 800 12000
Multipurpose
4.6 Excavator 1 12 1300 15600
Pneumatic
4.61 Hammer 1 \ 250 250
Concrete Mixer
4.62 Truck 1 5 750 3750
Total Amount RM 230,351
Sample Calculation for Part 4:

Sample 4.54) Excavator Sample 4.39) Clamp Tool

Amount: 1 Amount: 4
Days Required: 15 Days Required: (Purchased=4)
Rate: 1100 Rate: 150
Cost = Amount*Days Cost = Amount*Days
Required*Rate Required*Rate
= 1*15*1100 =RM 16500 = 1*4*150 =RM 600

Cost Summary

Total Cost:

Part Type Cost (RM)

Part 1 Cost of Land 205,537.50
Part 2 Cost of Materials 355,098.78
Part 3 Cost of Worker Salary 287,773
Part 4 Cost of Equipment 230, 351
Total Cost of Construction RM 1, 078, 760.28

The entire cost of constructing a bungalow in 360 days is calculated by adding the costs of
land,materials, worker salaries, and equipment would be RM 1, 078, 760.28

Equipment’s Justification

Portable Cement Mixer

• This small machine is used to homogeneously consolidate concrete, sand or rock, and water
to make concrete, much like any other solid blend. However, portable solid mixer is the best
option for completing small-scale soliddevelopment jobs as well as serving as a reinforcement
for larger projects.
 Brick jointer

• A brick jointer is a finishing tool for smoothing mortar-filled seams between bricks. Hold
the handle of a BrickJointer against the divider with the outside of the level edge. To smooth
the joints uniformly, press and run the Brick Jointer along perpends and mortar beds. step
in as a back-up for large-scale development projects

Pressure test pump

• Water meters, plumbing lines, pressure vessels, solar systems, and sprinkler frameworks
are all tested usingthese physically worked hydrostatic test pumps in both residential and
commercial constructions. The test syphons are adaptable and may be used to evaluate
small to medium-sized water system structures.

Backhoe

• A backhoe is a large piece of construction equipment that consists of a tractor-like unit

with a shovel/bucket on the front and an excavator on the rear. Excavator loaders can
handle a variety of vocations and sorts, suchas uncovering trees and transporting them to
new locations while maintaining the root ball's integrity.

Excavator

• Burrowing channels, openings, and installations are the most common applications for a tractor,
which allows it todo these tasks far more successfully and efficiently than any other piece of
heavy equipment. Because of the vast range of enterprises, they are used for, including ranger
service, mining, and a wide range of development, firms from a variety of industries may be
looking for backhoes for sale in North Carolina. Aside from burrowing, backhoes are
commonly used for tasks such as demolition, excavating streams, material handling, or
generally really challenging item labor.

Concrete mixer truck

• The job of the Transit Concrete Mixer Truck is to retain the solid in a fluid state until it
reaches the point of conveyance at the construction site by spinning the drum. The solid
elements are mixed in a drum blender in theTravel Mixer. The blending is done by sharp
edges attached to the inside of the portable drum.

Dip Galvanized Nails

• For masonry and cement, they are reasonable. Hot Dip Galvanized (HD): These nails contain
a zinc coating that helps to prevent consumption. Regardless, the coating will wear off over
time, and the nails will eventually rust.They're typically used in open-air settings and can
withstand moisture.
Resource management

Resource management is an integral part of any project as the success of a project depends on the
quality of the resource utilization approach. For this project, the resources required are fairly
straightforward and therefore, the material and equipment needed are known in advance such as
skimmers, water pump, etc. and these equipment does not require specific resource utilization. The
resources that require management include cost and time, which are managed by setting a contractor
to complete the task at a fixed price with the labor working through the contractor. In this manner, even
if the project takes longer than estimated, the cost would be afforded by the contractor from profit
margin. In the project scheduling using Gantt chart, parallel activities are designed in order to ensure
that the resources are always busy with work with minimal wastage of time or human resources. The
resources required in this are detailed in the following table:
Table 1 - Resource management
Task Resources required Management tactic

Planning Project sponsor, project Will aim towards having a

manager detailed plan

Cleaning and repair Three workers, one manager The manager on-site will keep the

work workers adhere to the deadline, if

Digging for setting the Four workers, machinery, and any worker falls sick or cannot

foundation a manager work, the contractor will provide

Concrete pouring and Six workers, a manager replacement workers.

construction

Paint Two workers, a manager

Tile placement Two workers, a manager

Finishing Two workers, a manager

Risk analyses and risk management policies

As is the case in any project management scenario, some risks are inherent in the project of refurbishing
the garden area of an abandoned house by establishing a swimming pool and a seating area next to it.
It is possible through good strategic management of the undertake project to minimize the risk, but it
is impossible to completely eliminate all the risks associated. These risk factors that are likely attached
with the project can cause disruption in project quality, cause delay in completion, and even make the
project over-budget. As the objective of the owner is to use the swimming pool as a luxury feature in
order to increase the price of the house in the demand season, the project sponsor does not want the
project to go over budget, have a bad quality of construction, or cause delay. Any of these three negative
elements would contribute significantly to worsening of the profit-making ability of the project
sponsor.
To account for this situation involving risk that are related to the project, performing a structured risk
management is a recommended operation. Strategic risk management policy is a management approach
in which all the risks that have a possibility of occurrence are identified beforehand to increase
preparedness. After identifying all of the risks, the next step taken in strategic risk management process
is to make efforts to mitigate the risks and develop a contingency plan to deal with the risk factors. All
of these processes are performed with the intent to make the project least susceptive of negative impact
of risk factors.
In this project of developing a swimming pool in the abandon house garden area, the process of risk
management is performed using the method of risk registers. The table formulated below represents a
risk register for this project, which identifies relevant risks regarding this project while also noting the
mitigation strategy and contingency plan.

Complexity Assessment

The complexity analysis conducted is based on the task that is necessary to carry out the project. Each segment
of the task is accompanied with a description and its complexity is ranked from low to high. The ranking of
low complexity indicates that the task is easier to be carried out, while tasks with high complexity indicate that
more time and effort have to be put into the thinking process of the task, to overcome the nature of its
complexity. The complexity analysis shown in the table below covers both the technical complexity of a task
and the business complexity.
REFERENCES

I. Template of house construction cost calculator -

https://civiljungle.com/construction-cost-calculator/

II. Salary of workers - https://www.salaryexpert.com/ AND

https://malaysia.indeed.com/?from=gnav-acme--acme-webapp

III. Price to build in Malaysia -

https://www.propsocial.my/topic/2009/How-to-Build-Your-Own-

IV. Construction material and quantity estimation -

https://www.bricknbolt.com/blogs-and-articles/construction-
material-quantity-estimation-for-1000-sqft-of-house-construction

V. Price of materials -
http://quantitysurveyoronline.com.my/materials-prices.html

VI. More information on bungalows cost -

https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/cover-story- %C2%A0what- does-it-take-build-
your-own-bungalow

VII. Size of car porch

https://www.houseplanshelper.com/garag
e-dimensions.html