WORLD MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD

LEVEL 2 (Grades 5 and 6) PRACTICE SET

Total Marks: 120 points Time Limit: 90
minutes

PART I. MULTIPLE CHOICE PROBLEMS.

(EACH PROBLEM IS WORTH 6 POINTS, A TOTAL OF 60 POINTS)

1. How many digits are there in the product 999 × 1001?

(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 10

Suggested Solution: Note that 999 1001 = 999 (1000 + 1) = 999,000 + 999 = 999 999, , which
has 6 digits.
Alternative Solution: 999 1001 = (1000 −1)  (1000 + 1) = 10002 −12 = 999 999, so there are 6
digits.
Answer: A

2. If today is Saturday, what day of the week would it be for the day on the 102001 th day from
today?

(A) Sunday (B) Monday (C) Tuesday (D) Thursday (E) Friday
Suggested Solution: Because the reminders from 10n  7 appear in 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 5,
1, ..., so the repeating pattern is 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 1. Since 2001  6 = 333 3 , so the reminder
from 102001  7 is the same as that from 103  7 . Both of them are 6. Therefore, that day will
be a Friday.
Answer: E

3. When four numbers 2836, 4582, 5164, and 6522 are divided by the same positive whole
number, their reminders are same and it is a two-digits number. What is the sum of the divisor
and the reminder?

(A) 100 (B) 110 (C) 120 (D) 130 (E) 140
Suggested Solution: When 2836, 4582, 5164, and 6522 are divided by the same positive whole
number, their reminders are identical. Therefore, the differences: 4582 2836 = 1746, 5164 –
4582 = 582, 6522 – 5164 = 1358 are all a multiple of the divisor. And their differences:
1746 – 1358 = 388, 1358 – 582 = 776 are also a multiple of the divisor. In the same way,
 776 – 388 = 388 is also a multiple of the divisor. Since 388 = 2  2  97 , and it is known that
the divisor is a two-digits number, so the divisor must be 97. Because the reminder is 23
when 2836 is divided by 97, so the sum of the divisor and the reminder is 97 + 23 = 120.
Answer: C

4. We connect each vertex of a regular hexagon with the opposite vertex, splitting the hexagon
into triangles. If the area of the hexagon is 12 m2 , what is the area, in m2 , of one of the
triangles?

(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 3 (E) 2

Suggested Solution: Note that the regular hexagon is split into 6 congruent triangles. Since the
triangles have equal area, the area of each triangle is 12  6 = 2 m2 .
Answer: E

5. Among nine consecutive positive whole numbers, how many prime numbers are there at most?

(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 10

Suggested Solution:
There are four prime numbers (2, 3, 5, and 7) among 2, 3, 4, ..., 9, 10.
There are four prime numbers (3, 5, 7, 11) among 3, 4, ..., 9, 10, 11.
There are four prime numbers (11, 13, 17, 19) among 11, 12, 13, ..., 18, 19.
There are less than four prime numbers among other nine consecutive positive numbers among
some nine consecutive positive numbers, such as 114, 115, ..., 122.
Therefore, there are at most 4 prime numbers among nine consecutive positive numbers.
Answer: C

6. Five weights are 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 grams, respectively. How many different combination of
the weights can be used for a scale?

(A) 21 (B) 24 (C) 29 (D) 31 (E) 35

Suggested Solution: When one weight is taken, there are five combinations; When two weights
are taken, there are ( 5  4)  2 = 10 combinations; When three weights are taken, there are
(5  4)  2 = 10 combinations; When four weights are taken, there are five combinations;
When five weights are taken, there is one combination. So there are 5 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 1 =
31 combinations. Or, between 1 and 31 grams, you use any combination from these weights.
Answer: C

7. In triangle ABC with area 2 square units, ABC = 90 , what is the product of side lengths AB
and BC?

(A) 18 (B) 14 (C) 10 (D) 6 (E) 4

Suggested Solution: Since angle B is a right angle, if BC is a base, then AB is a height. So the
BC  AB
area of ABC is = 2 . Thus, we have BC  AB = 4 .
2
Answer: 4

8. It is known that A is not smaller than 2, A is smaller than B, B is not larger than 7, both A and
A+ B
B are positive whole numbers. What is the smallest value for ?
A B
(A) 11 (B) 13 (C) 15 (D) 19 (E) 23
42 42 42 42 42
A+ B 1 1 1 1
Suggested Solution: From the given information, we have = + . If + wants to be
A B A B A B
the smallest, A and B should be as large as possible. Because 2  A  B  7 , so take
A + B 1 1 13
A = 6, B = 7 , then = + = .
A  B 6 7 42
Answer: B

9. The sum of the ages from some people is 4476. Among them, the oldest is not beyond 79 and
the youngest is not below 30. There are no more than three people who are same ages. How
many senior people are there at least (senior people are not below 60)?
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 10
Suggested Solution: In order to make the population of the senior least, the population of the
people who are below 60 should be as more as possible. Because there are no more than
three people who have the same ages, so the sum of the people, who are below 60, is at most
30
3  ( 30 + 59 )  = 4005 (year) < 4476. There must be some people who are beyond 60. In
2
order to make the population of these people the least, their ages should be as large as
possible. Since 78  3 = 471 = 4476 − 4005 , the population of the senior is (3 + 3 =) 6.
Answer: A

10. The distance between cities A and B is 60 kilometers. People X and Y ride the bicycles to
travel. They start from city A at the same time, but X’s speed is 4 km/hour slower than Y’s
speed. When Y arrives city B, Y returns immediately and meets X at the point which is 12 km
away from city B. What is X’s speed?
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 (E) 10
Suggested Solution: From the given information, let X’s speed be v, then Y’s speed is v + 4 . So
60 − 12 60 + 12
= , get v = 8 km/hr.
y v+4
Answer: C
 PART II. SHORT ANSWER PROBLEMS.
(EACH PROBLEM IS WORTH 10 POINTS, A TOTAL OF 60 POINTS)

11. Starting with any positive integer, we create a sequence as follows: Each term after the first
one is the sum of the squares of the digits of the previous term. For example, starting with 2,
we get the following sequence:
2, 4, 16, 37, 58, 89, 145, 42, 20, 4, 16, ...
Those starting numbers for which the sequence contains 1 are called happy numbers. For
example, 1 is a happy number. What is the next smallest happy number?
Suggested Solution:
Since the sequence starting with 2 contains numbers 2 and 4 but never reaches 1, we conclude
that neither 2 nor 4 is a happy number. Starting with 3 we get the sequence:
3, 9, 81, 65, 61, 37, ...
Since 37 also appeared in the sequence starting with 2, we know that this sequence will cycle
and not include 1. Thus, 3 is not happy either.
Starting with 5 we get the sequence:
5, 25, 29, 85, 89, ...
Since 89 appeared in the sequence starting with 2, 5 is not happy. Similarly, via the following
sequence we find that 6 is not happy either:
6, 36, 45, 41, 17, 50, 25, ...
Next, we check 7 and get the following sequences:
7, 49, 97, 130, 10, 1, …
So, 7 is the smallest happy number after 1.
Answer: 7

12. Gabriella’s, Evan’s, Stan’s, and Sean’s typing speeds, in words per minute, form an increasing
arithmetic sequence in that order. The difference between Gabriella’s and Sean’s typing
speeds is 156 words per minute. If Evan types at 75 words per minute, what is the tens digit
of the sum of all four people’s typing speeds in words per minute?
Note: An arithmetic sequence is a sequence such that the difference between the consecutive
terms is constant. For example, 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, ... is an arithmetic sequence.
Suggested Solution:
The common difference is 156  3 = 52 words per minute. Thus, the typing speeds of four
people in words per minute are:
75 − 52, 75, 75 + 52, 75 + 52 + 52
Thus, the sum is 23 + 75 + 127 + 179 = 404 , and the tens digit is 0.
Answer: 0

13. On Monday, a group of people started spreading a rumor, each of them spreading it to two
people. On each subsequent day, each person who knows the rumor, spreads it to two more
people. At the end of Wednesday, 162 people know about the rumor and no one heard the
rumor from two different sources. How many people are responsible for starting the rumor
on Monday?
Suggested Solution:
 Note that the number of people who know the rumor triples every day. At the end of Tuesday,
162  3 = 54 knew about the rumor. At the end of Monday, 54 ÷ 3 = 18 knew about the rumor.
Finally, 18 ÷ 3 = 6 people started the rumor on Monday.
Answer: 6

14. Elisa can buy marbles only in packs of 5, 7, and 10. What is the units digit of the largest
number of marbles that Elisa can NOT buy?
Suggested Solution:
First note that any number of marbles that can be bought in packs of 10 can also be bought in
packs of 5. So we may as well assume that she is buying marbles in packs of only 5 and 7. We
list positive integers in groups of 5 in the following table. Note that Elisa can buy 5, 7, 14, 21,
and 28 marbles. So, we cross out these numbers. Next note that if she can buy some number
of marbles, she can also buy 5 more by simply adding a pack of 5 marbles. So if a number of
marbles can be bought in this process, any number in the same column below that number can
also be bought. Via crossing out these numbers under other crossed out numbers, we get the
following table:

1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30
… … … … …

The numbers not crossed out are those that Elisa cannot buy in packs of 5 and 7. The largest
of these numbers is 23. Thus, the answer is 3.
Answer: 3

15. Ariane, Bianca, Freya, Jacob, Stan, and Stanley are playing a game. They are taking turns
counting, starting with 1. Ariane says 1, Bianca says 2, Freya says 3, and so on. Any player
saying their fourth prime number leaves the game. The game ends when everyone has said
four different prime numbers. What is the units digit of the last number said?
Suggested Solution:
Note that the game ends at the 6  4 = 24th prime number, since there are 6 players and each
player says 4 different prime numbers. The 24th prime number is 89. So, the answer is 9.
Answer: 9

A P B
16. ABCD is a unit square. P, Q, R, and S are the midpoints of AB, BC,
CD, and DA, respectively. Lines AQ, BR, CS, and DP enclose a
smaller square inside ABCD. The area of this smaller square can
be written as a fraction in the simplest form. Find the denominator S Q
of this fraction.
Suggested Solution:
We partition the square ABCD into five regions as follows: D C
R
 A P B
K L
S Q
N M
D C
R
We consider one of the regions, APNS:
A P
K

S
N
Rotating the triangle AKP around A, we get the triangle AK’S:
A

K
K
S
N
Note that AK  is AK rotated so AK = AK  . So, AKNK  is a square with side length KN. This
means the region APNS has the same area as the square KLMN. Similarly, the other regions
have the same area as well. Since all five regions have equal areas, we conclude that the area
1
of KLMN is of the area of ABCD. Thus, the answer is 5.
5
Answer: 5

Prepared by: MTG PHILIPPINES

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