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Damage Control Booklet 5

When damage occurs, immediate actions include closing all watertight doors and openings to sustain intact compartments, checking the ship's watertight boundaries, and closing applicable valves. Damaged compartments are identified by comparing tank soundings to pre-damage readings to determine the flooding rate and extent of damage. Pumps may be used to remove water if the flooding rate is lower than the pump capacity, otherwise damaged compartments must be isolated. The master should seek support from the office before conducting liquid transfers or other operations that could impact the ship's stability and strength. Relevant authorities and the ship owner should be notified of any damage.

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71 views

Damage Control Booklet 5

When damage occurs, immediate actions include closing all watertight doors and openings to sustain intact compartments, checking the ship's watertight boundaries, and closing applicable valves. Damaged compartments are identified by comparing tank soundings to pre-damage readings to determine the flooding rate and extent of damage. Pumps may be used to remove water if the flooding rate is lower than the pump capacity, otherwise damaged compartments must be isolated. The master should seek support from the office before conducting liquid transfers or other operations that could impact the ship's stability and strength. Relevant authorities and the ship owner should be notified of any damage.

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MD
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4.

2 Action to be taken in case of damage


4.3.1 Immediate Closing of all watertight and weathertight closing appliances.

When a damage has occurred or a damage is suspected, primary action is to sustain the
individual watertight boundary by closing all watertight & weathertight doors/openings, and
then to prevent the progressive flooding of intact compartment through the valves which is
interconnected with damaged compartments as follows.
1) Ship’s watertight boundary to be confirmed by inboard profile, plan views of each deck
and midship section in the damage control plan (Dwg. No. : XXXXXXXX)
2) The locations of all internal watertight closing appliances and their controls and the
locations of their local and remote controls, position indicators and alarms to be confirmed.
3) All watertight closing appliances including those watertight closing appliances which are
allowed to be opened during the navigation according to SOLAS regulation II-1/15 or 25-9
(as applicable) to be immediately closed.
4) The locations of all weather tight closing appliances in local subdivision boundaries above
the bulkhead deck and on the lowest exposed weather decks, together with locations of
control stand position indicators, if applicable, to be checked and closed.
5) The locations of all bilge and ballast pumps, their control positions and associated valves
to be controlled to prevent the adverse effect of ship’s safety and progressive flooding.
6) Pipes, ducts or tunnels, if any, through which limited progressive flooding has been
accepted by the Administration to be deemed as aboves.
7) The locations of all doors in the shell of the ship, position indicators, leakage detection
and surveillance devices to be considered.

If it is necessary in view of the operations, to open any watertight or watertight door or


hatch again, It should be carefully judged whether the door or hatch in question is deemed
crucial in order to prevent progressive flooding. If it is found acceptable to open the door or
hatch, it should be closed immediately after use.

4.3.2 Closing of Valves.

All valves in the piping system are to be closed immediately, as far as the connected pipes
are not used for pumping operations.

4.3.3 Check the extent of the damage.

If possible, visual check of the damage and the included compartment(s) shall be carried
out.

4.3.4 Sounding of flooded compartments.


In order to determine the severity of the damage, the damage extent and the flooding rate
should be determined. A status report on all tank soundings should be taken immediately
after the damage. Also any other compartment in the damaged region should be checked
with respect to inflow of seawater. The result should be compared to the tank sounding
report prior to the damage. The tanks where the sounding has changed significantly are
damaged. Tank sounding reports should be made regularly in the time after the damage
has occurred. By comparing the sounding reports, it is possible to determine when the final
floating position is reached. This position is reached when the consecutive sounding reports
remain unchanged. It is also possible to determine the flooding rate for the different
compartments by comparing the sounding reports. The flooding rate for a tank is the
difference in tank volume between two soundings divided by the time between the
soundings. The flooding rate can be used to estimate the time until final flooding position is
reached. In case a compartment is connected to the remote sounding system the amount
of in flooded water can be determined directly. By a periodical measurement of the
sounding for damaged compartments and comparison with the draught readings a
calculation of the in flooding water per time (flooding rate) can be made. Draught
measurements at the forward, mid and aft draught marks shall be performed, additional
the heeling angle shall be noted.

4.3.5 Use of pumps. (Refer Chapter 3.9 and Piping Diagram in the Appendix)

One pump in the water (ballast system and one pump in bilge system are available for
pumping out water from compartments which have been damaged. Additionally one
combined pump for water ballast system or bilge system is available.

Two scenarios may arise:


1 The amount of inflooding water exceeds the capacity of the available pumps. In this
case the compartment must be isolated by closing all watertight accesses (including
valves in the piping system).
2 The pump capacity exceeds the rate of inflooded water therefore the pumping shall
be continued permanently.

The pumps shall be held in a permanent stand-by modus and ready for service at any time.

4.3.6 Use of Loading Computer.

For determining possible scenarios of liquid transfer operations, the loading computer might
be used. Restrictions of the ability of the Loading Computer are to be considered.

The use of a Loading Computer for an estimation of the stability after damage is very
restricted as common loading instruments are not able to calculate damage stability in a
correct way. - Any calculation which has been carried out with a normal Loading Computer
intended for intact calculation should be regarded as a very rough estimation only. Such
results should be treated with utmost caution!

In case the loading instrument is capable of calculating damage stability, the exact loading
condition prior to the accident and the actual extent of damage shall be considered.

4.3.7 Liquid transfer Operations.


Liquid transfer operations may be used in order to minimize the adverse effects in the
aspects of ship s stability and strength due to damage.

Prior to this operation, the locations and arrangements of cross-flooding systems, blow-out
plugs and any mechanical means to correct list due to flooding, together with the locations
of all valves and remote controls, if any, to be investigated for good judgment and correct
operation.
If possible, water should be pumped out from the damaged compartments. If the flooding
rate is greater than the pump capacity, this is not sufficient. Then it may be necessary to
fill or discharge other tanks in order to reduce trim and heel. To reduce the heel water
should be pumped into the tanks on the opposite side of the damage compartments, and to
reduce trim water should be filled in tanks in the opposite end of the vessel. Filling of slack
tanks will reduce the free surface effect, and therefore improve the stability.

Before any filling or discharging of water ballast is carried out, a thorough check and pre-
calculation of the resulting floating position is to be carried out and the limit values for
stability and longitudinal strength are to be checked.

The crew must be aware that filling or discharging of water ballast tanks can have negative
influence on the stability due to the effect of free surfaces for partially filled tanks

For this reason it is strongly recommended before liquid transfer operations are carried out,
support from the Office is obtained.

4.3.8 Determination of ground condition (in case of grounding only).


The local coast guard and the owner of the vessel shall be informed about the present
situation. A possible outflow of oil should be stated immediately.

All information about damage extent, floating position and loading condition prior to
damage shall be forwarded to the Office in order to get support in determining the severity
of the damage and to determine the necessary actions to be taken.

4.3.9 Information to Owner/Coast Guard (if applicable)


The local coast guard and the owner of the vessel shall be informed about the present
situation. A possible outflow of oil should be stated immediately.

All information about damage extent, floating position and loading condition prior to
damage shall be forwarded to Office in order to get support in determining the severity of
the damage and to determine the necessary actions to be taken.

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