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Artificial intelligence and its impacts on the society

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International Journal of Law

International Journal of Law

ISSN: 2455-2194; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.12
Received: 03-09-2020; Accepted: 18-09-2020; Published: 04-10-2020
www.lawjournals.org
Volume 6; Issue 5; 2020; Page No. 306-310

Artificial intelligence and its impacts on the society

D Majumdar1, HK Chattopadhyay2*
1
PhD, Head of the Institute, BGHS, Department of Education, North Bengal University, West Bengal, India
2
Legal Consultant, Calcutta University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered as a new concept. It is associated with the concept that intelligence is supposed to be
manifested by the computer systems. It was the sole property of humans previously. Without human help, the AI can take
decision and can solve complex problems in different sectors of the society. It has brought in a vital societal change in the
perspective of revelation of human intelligence. There was an implicit assumption that humans possess hierarchical superiority
in exhibiting intelligence in comparison to other forms of life. This fundamental assumption has been questioned owing to the
anticipated entry of such entities which, in the familiar thinking, are not alive but nonetheless is considered superior to humans
intellectually and perhaps ultimately morally. The entry of this cutting age technology (AI) has caused some impacts in the
society deriving huge advantages as well as throwing some entangled challenges those are apprehended to pose threat even to
the human rights bringing in a thorough societal change in different ramifications.

Keywords: intelligence, Artificial, bringing, associated

1. Introduction 1.1 AI and Society

The concept of AI is persisting as long back as 1950s. In The anticipated arrival of this AI technology has brought a
those days, people used to have possessed high hopes short, medium and long-term changes in our society. Entry
towards success of AI in every sector of the society [1, 2, 3, 4]. of AI in the society has brought in major implications for
In the context of problem solving without human help, AI is professionals who are used to deal with modern
considered as an accurate tool [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. AI is usually technologies, to the legal practitioners nurturing effects of
considered as a computer-centric technology capable of influence of AI with its regulatory implications, to the
easily solving various problems in the complex situations in technocrats who are frequently taking help of this modern
a flawless, cost-effective and quick manner without slightest technology to arrive at a precise decision in a complex
assistance of humans1 which was previously deemed to be technological issue [25, 26, 27]. AI is also posing vital
unique treasure of humans [10, 11, 12]. Applications of AI are implications to the general citizens by providing them
associated with analysis of information including personal enormous help in a cost-effective manner as well as posing
information for learning something and for arriving at an some entangled challenges even jeopardizing their basic
accurate decision intelligently by its own2 [13, 14, 15, 16]. This rights including privacy infringement. In this perspective,
ever-increasing utilization of AI in every sphere of the this paper has taken a calibrated, comprehensive and holistic
society in various sectors has brought in multifarious vital attempt to analyze briefly how the arrival of this AI
challenges towards facing a wide range of legal as well as technology is effectively contributing to the societal changes
ethical dilemmas. It has propelled the necessity for by providing advantages as well as disadvantages to the
establishing a reasonable balance between possibility of humans [28, 29, 30]. In doing so, this study would deal with for
rapid advancement in the society taking help of AI and analyzing how, through introduction of different regulatory
protection of privacy of personal data endangering societal implications, the applications of AI in the society can be
normative values [17, 18, 19, 20, 21]. So far as India is concerned, controlled so that it can hardly cause any harm to the society
the issue of privacy protection has gained a new momentum jeopardizing security and privacy of personal data of
especially in view of the recent judgement of Supreme humans, abusing their human rights and also this paper
Court of India [22, 23, 24]. However, in our society the effects would mention how the AI is deriving immense benefits to
of AI have not cast shadow till now in a huge magnitude but the society in different sectors like Agriculture, healthcare
there exists many unsolvable questions in our radar though and so on [31, 32, 33].
they are not arising currently with perceptible acuteness,
but, it will be perhaps not cogent and will be too late to 2. AI for ‘Social Good’
introspect if we do not think it now for the society and leave It is a fact that every technological innovation invites
it to think once they pose to the society with acuteness. In effective potential for advancement as well as for damages
this background this paper has taken an attempt to project to the society. AI can analyze and can process data [34, 35, 36].
the good effects of AI on the society, challenges faced by This capability of AI is expected to help for alleviating
the society by the applications of AI along with prescribing several pressing problems of the world. In this way AI can
some recommendations coupled with a comprehensive do good to the society.
conclusion at the end.

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2.1 AI is helpful for healthcare industry 4. Recommendations

There has been immense progress for diagnosis and In India, the mission has been set up in the name of ‘Inter
treatment of diseases by the help of AI. In rural areas there Ministerial National Artificial Intelligence Mission’ [54].
are problems of accessibilities of the doctors or health-care This mission would act as a principal agency to control and
staff. As a result, people living in those remote areas feel monitor all AI-related activities. This agency would confine
insecure regarding treatment of their health hazard [4]. AI its activities in the following issues.
has come to rescue this problem [37, 38]. AI can predict 1. To establish reliable coordination amongst various
outbreaks of diseases well ahead so that the healthcare staff ministries to supervise AI applications.
can have a scope to take preventing steps well ahead before 2. To create a repository of all research works covering AI
the actual outbreaks take place [5]. By the help of AI, activities for improving studies on AI.
instruments are there for image recognition [39]. This is 3. To establish 'Center of Excellence’' to enhance facilities
helping the diseased people who are visually impaired [6]. for research work covering AI and to formulate the
There are other examples where AI can help the Healthcare testing mechanisms to weigh performances of AI.
industry [40]. Besides, it is required to
a. Set up a digital data bank to facilitate collection of
2.2 AI is helpful for agriculture sector cross-industry data beneficial for start-ups. [55, 56, 57, 58].
By the help of AI, it is now being possible to obtain b. There should be a Bureau of Indian Standard for taking
appropriate data concerning to issues of agronomic and appropriate initiatives to formulate standards in terms
weather information [41, 42]. This is helpful for the farmers to of AI acceptable internationally. [59, 60, 61, 62].
improve the production of crops. This process is called c. Set up a data ombudsman to settle AI-centric issues.
precision agriculture that helps to improve productivity of This will be formed under commerce ministry,
crops helpful to address the need of the growing population Government of India. [63, 64].
[43, 44]
.
5. Conclusion
2.3 AI and Climate Change Throughout the world people are depending on use of AI
By the help of AI, weather events can be predicted well and it is expected this trend will increase with passage of
ahead. It can also predict weather situation and occurrence time. Development of AI for the societal benefits will be
of natural disasters. By the help of AI, it has become hampered if the concerns covering privacy and security
possible to identify the disease-spreading insects and protection for personal data are not properly addressed by
animals [45, 46]. formulating appropriate policy, laws and regulations [65, 66, 67,
68]
. Those are required to be consistently implemented with
2.4 AI is helpful to improve work efficiency good governance. Focus is to be given to see that in the
Governments of many countries are now using AI name of protection of privacy, the authority should not be
technology to improve the efficiency of their employees unreasonable and over strict, because in that case,
working in all levels. Governments of different countries are development with the help of AI will be impeded causing an
also taking help of AI to improve their financial allotment obstruction towards societal growth. The authority should
mechanisms and to help to optimize their budgets. There are be vigilant to stick to the ethical standard in structuring AI-
other instances through which society is being benefited by program [69, 70, 71, 72]. In India, there is no AI-policy and
the grace of AI [47, 48]. absence of this might imped progress because the society
wants to take the help of AI and at the same time expects to
3. AI and Challenges to the society keep data privacy duly protected. This balance will be
AI can analyze different collected information of various ensured by strict adherence to the policy of AI which should
nature. This has brought in greatest concerns over data be, of course, consistent, reasonable and executable [73, 74, 75].
protection, cyber security as well as data privacy. In
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