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Rohini Transformer Basic

The document discusses the output equation of a three phase transformer. It provides the following key points: - The output kVA of a transformer depends on flux density and ampere-turns, which relate to core area and window area respectively. - The output equation derives that the ampere-turns of a three phase transformer is equal to one-fourth the window area multiplied by the window space factor, divided by the current density. - Plugging this into the kVA rating equation for a three phase transformer gives the final output equation that relates kVA to frequency, flux, window area, window space factor, and current density.

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Jignesh
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138 views

Rohini Transformer Basic

The document discusses the output equation of a three phase transformer. It provides the following key points: - The output kVA of a transformer depends on flux density and ampere-turns, which relate to core area and window area respectively. - The output equation derives that the ampere-turns of a three phase transformer is equal to one-fourth the window area multiplied by the window space factor, divided by the current density. - Plugging this into the kVA rating equation for a three phase transformer gives the final output equation that relates kVA to frequency, flux, window area, window space factor, and current density.

Uploaded by

Jignesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

2.2 OUTPUT EQUATION OF THREE PHASE TRANSFORMER

 The equation which relates the rated kVA output of a transformer to the
area of core and window is called output equation.

 In transformers the output kVA depends on flux density and ampere-


turns.

 The flux density is related to core area and the ampere-turns is related to
window area.

 The simplified cross-section of core type three phase transformer is


shown in figure.

 The cross-section has three limbs and two windows.

 Each limb carries the low voltage and high voltage winding of a phase.

Figure 2.2.1 Core type three phase transformer


[Source: “A Course in Electrical Machine Design” by A.K.Sawhney, page-5.5]

 The induced emf in a transformer,

𝐸 = 4 ⋅ 44𝑓𝜙𝑚 𝑇
Volts

 Emf per turn,

𝐸/𝑇 = 4 ⋅ 44𝑓𝜙𝑚 Volts

EE8002 DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

 The window space factor Kw is the ratio of conductor area in window to


total area of window.

𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑤


𝑘𝑤 =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑤

𝐴𝐶
𝑘𝑤 =
𝐴𝑤
 Conductor area in window,

𝐴𝐶 = 𝑘𝑊 𝐴𝑊
 The current density is same in both the windings. Therefore Current density,

𝐼𝑝 𝐼𝑆
𝛿= =
𝐴𝑝 𝐴𝑠

 Area of cross - section of primary conductor,

𝐼𝑃
𝐴𝑃 =
𝛿
 Area of cross - section of secondary conductor,

𝐼𝑆
𝐴𝑆 =
𝛿

 If we neglect magnetizing mmf then primary ampere turns is equal to


secondary ampere turns. Therefore, ampere turns,

𝐴𝑇 = 𝐼𝑝 𝑇𝑝 = 𝐼𝑆 𝑇𝑆
 Total copper area in window,

Ac = Copper area of primary winding + Copper area of secondary


winding

= 2*(Number of primary turns x area of cross-section of


primary conductor) + 2*(Number of secondary turns x
area of cross - section of secondary conductor)

4𝐴𝑇
𝐴𝐶 =
𝛿
EE8002 DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

 On equating the above equations, we get,

4𝐴𝑇
𝐾𝑊 𝐴𝑊 =
𝛿
 Therefore, Ampere turns,

1
𝐴𝑇 = 𝑘 𝐴
4 𝑊 𝑤

 The kVA rating of three phase transformer is given by,

𝑄 = 3𝑣𝑝 𝐼𝑝 ∗ 1𝑂 −3

𝑄 = 3.33𝑓𝜙𝑚 𝑘𝑤 𝐴𝑣 𝛿𝑥1𝑂 −3

The above equation is the output equation of three phase transformer.

EE8002 DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

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