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Answer Key - Periodicity Formative HL 2

This document contains an answer key for a formative periodicity assessment with multiple choice and short answer questions. The questions cover topics like trends in the periodic table such as atomic radius and ionization energy decreasing across period 3. It also addresses properties of compounds like the pH of solutions formed from different oxides reacting with water. Complex ions and transition metals are discussed including oxidation states and shapes. Explanations are provided for trends in melting points down the alkali metals and halogens groups. Electronic configurations and d-orbital splitting in transition metal complexes are also summarized.

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Ryan Santosh
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42 views

Answer Key - Periodicity Formative HL 2

This document contains an answer key for a formative periodicity assessment with multiple choice and short answer questions. The questions cover topics like trends in the periodic table such as atomic radius and ionization energy decreasing across period 3. It also addresses properties of compounds like the pH of solutions formed from different oxides reacting with water. Complex ions and transition metals are discussed including oxidation states and shapes. Explanations are provided for trends in melting points down the alkali metals and halogens groups. Electronic configurations and d-orbital splitting in transition metal complexes are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Ryan Santosh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PERIODICITY MCQ FORMATIVE HL - ANSWER KEY

1. Which solution forms when phosphorus(V) oxide, P4O10, reacts with water?

Markscheme
C
2. Which trends are correct across period 3 (from Na to Cl)?
I.   Atomic radius decreases
II.  Melting point increases
III. First ionization energy increases
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

Markscheme
B
3. Which oxide dissolves in water to give a solution with a pH below 7?
A. MgO
B. Li2O
C. CaO
D. P4O10

Markscheme
D
4. Which oxide, when added to water, produces the solution with the highest pH?
A.     Na2O
B.     SO3
C.     MgO
D.     CO2

Markscheme
A
5. Which metal has the strongest metallic bond?
A.     Li
B.     Na
C.     K
D.     Rb

Markscheme
A
6. Which property increases down Group 1, the alkali metals?
A.     Atomic radius
B.     Electronegativity
C.     First ionization energy
D.     Melting point

Markscheme
A
7. Which element is a lanthanide?
A.     Hf
B.     Tb
C.     U
D.     Y

Markscheme
B
8. The oxidation state of cobalt in the complex ion [Co(NH3)5Br]x is +3. Which of the
following statements are correct?
I.   The overall charge, x, of the complex ion is 2+.
II.  The complex ion is octahedral.
III. The cobalt(III) ion has a half-filled d-subshell.
A.  I and II only
B.  I and III only
C.  II and III only
D.  I, II and III

Markscheme
A
9. [1 mark]
[CoCl6]3– is orange while [Co(NH3)6]3+ is yellow. Which statement is correct?
A. [CoCl6]3– absorbs orange light.
B. The oxidation state of cobalt is different in each complex.
C. The different colours are due to the different charges on the complex.
D. The different ligands cause different splitting in the 3d orbitals.

Markscheme
D

THEORY
1a. [2 marks]
Properties of elements and their compounds can be related to the position of the elements
in the periodic table.
Explain the decrease in atomic radius from Na to Cl.

Markscheme
nuclear charge/number of protons/Zeff increases «causing a stronger pull on
the outer electrons» ✔
same number of shells/«outer» energy level/shielding ✔
 
Accept “atomic number” for “number of protons”.
1b. [2 marks]
Explain why the radius of the sodium ion, Na+, is smaller than the radius of the oxide ion,
O2−.

Markscheme
isoelectronic/same electronic configuration/«both» have 2.8 ✔
more protons in Na+ ✔
1c. [1 mark]
State a physical property of sodium oxide.

Markscheme
Any one of:
brittle ✔
high melting point/crystalline/solid «at room temperature» ✔
low volatility ✔
conducts electricity when molten ✔
does not conduct electricity at room temperature ✔
Do not accept soluble in water.
Ignore any chemical properties.

2. [3 marks]
Explain why the melting points of the group 1 metals (Li → Cs) decrease down the group
whereas the melting points of the group 17 elements (F → I) increase down the group.

Markscheme
Any three of:
Group 1:
atomic/ionic radius increases
smaller charge density
OR
force of attraction between metal ions and delocalised electrons decreases
Do not accept discussion of attraction between valence electrons and nucleus for M2.
Accept “weaker metallic bonds” for M2.
Group 17:
number of electrons/surface area/molar mass increase
London/dispersion/van der Waals’/vdw forces increase
Accept “atomic mass” for “molar mass”.
[Max 3 Marks]

2a. Cobalt forms the transition metal complex [Co(NH3)4 (H2O)Cl]Br.


State the shape of the complex ion.

Markscheme
«distorted» octahedral
Accept “square bipyramid”.
2b. [2 marks]
Deduce the charge on the complex ion and the oxidation state of cobalt.

Markscheme
Charge on complex ion: 1+/+
Oxidation state of cobalt: +2

3a. [1 mark]
This question is about iron.
Deduce the full electron configuration of Fe2+.

Markscheme
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6   [✔]
3b. [2 marks]
Explain why, when ligands bond to the iron ion causing the d-orbitals to split, the complex
is coloured.
Markscheme
«frequency/wavelength of visible» light absorbed by electrons moving between d
levels/orbitals    [✔]
colour due to remaining frequencies
OR
complementary colour transmitted    [✔]

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