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GRADE 11 MATH Mod 4

The document provides an overview of lessons on exponential functions. It discusses key concepts like understanding exponential functions and how they are used to model real-world situations. Exponential functions are defined as functions of the form f(x) = bx, where b is the base and x is the exponent. Examples are provided. The document also discusses exponential equations and inequalities, how to solve them, and how to graph exponential functions and transformations of exponential functions. Activities are included to classify functions as exponential or not and to graph various exponential functions.

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John Lois Van
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99 views23 pages

GRADE 11 MATH Mod 4

The document provides an overview of lessons on exponential functions. It discusses key concepts like understanding exponential functions and how they are used to model real-world situations. Exponential functions are defined as functions of the form f(x) = bx, where b is the base and x is the exponent. Examples are provided. The document also discusses exponential equations and inequalities, how to solve them, and how to graph exponential functions and transformations of exponential functions. Activities are included to classify functions as exponential or not and to graph various exponential functions.

Uploaded by

John Lois Van
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MODULE 4: EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

LESSON 1: Introduction to Exponential Functions


Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
1. Understand the key concepts of exponential functions and communicate mathematics through
writing, modeling, and visualizing, using precisemathematical language and symbolic notation.

Reading:
The best thing about exponential functions is that they are so useful in real world situations. Exponential
functions are used to model populations, help coroners determine time of death, compute investments, as well as
many other applications. Moreover, exponential function requires your good knowledge in mathematics especially
on graphing ordered pairs, basic properties of exponents, and be able to recognize function notation.

REVIEW:
News stories spread rapidly in modern society. With broadcasts over televisions and radios, millions of
people hear about important events within hours. In many problems, key variables are related to linear models.
But, there are many other important situations in which variables are related to non-linear patterns. Examples
include spread of diseases, change in population, temperatures, bank savings, and radioactivity. These real-life
situations can be described and expressed by exponential functions.

Activity 1. Some organizations need to spread accurate information to as many people in the shortest time possible.
One way to do this efficiently is by a cell phone texting tree.
The Exponent National High School with 1,500 populations, including the teaching and non-teaching staff,
is located in one of the flooded areas of the metropolis. During heavy rains, everyone wants to know if classes are
suspended. The school principal makes a decision and sends a text message to the assistant principal and to the
prefect of activities. These two members of the community each send the text message to two other members of
the community,and so on.

Grade 7
Coordinator

Assistant
Principal

Grade 8
Coordinator

Principal

Grade 9
Coordinator

Prefect of
Activities

Grade 10
Coordinator
Directions: Answer the following questions. Write your answers on a short bond paper.
1. What do the smart phones of this tree diagram represent? What do thesegments represent?
2. Based on the tree diagram, the number of persons receiving the message isincreasing.
a. Complete the table below to show the number of persons receiving themessage at a given
stage. Then, make a graph.

Stage of Members
Texting Tree Informed (𝑥, 𝑦)
(𝑥) (𝑦)
0 1 (0, 1)
1 2 (1, 2)
2 4 (2, 4)
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

b. Describe how the number of persons receiving the messages increases as the texting stageprogresses.
Use the graph to validate your answer.
c. What is the required number of texting stages needed to form 1,500 persons?

The pattern of change in the smart phone tree given in the Activity 1 can be modelled using rules involving
exponents. The number of members informed: 1, 2, 4, 16, 32,…, can be expressed exponentially as 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,
25, …, respectively.
The table below shows a number of members of the community who were informed whether the class is
cancelled or not. It will take 9 stages to inform 1,000 people, becauseafter the 9th stage:
1+2+4+8+16+32+64+128+256+512=1, 023 people already knew the decision.

Stage of Texting Tree 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11


No. of Members Informed 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1,024 2,048

An equation can be formed and can be used to calculate the number of members that will be informed without starting
from the stage. If we let y represent the number of families informed and x the stages in the texting tree, our equation will
be 𝑦 = 2𝑥 where x is the independent variable and y is the dependent variable. Note that in the equation formed, the
variable x appears as an exponent. We call this equation an exponential equation.
In general, the situation describe in the smart phone tree can be modelled by a type of function different from the
ones you have studied so far. The key variables in each situation are often expressed by a function rule having the form
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏𝑥 where b is the constant determined by the situation being modelled. A function of this form is called
exponential function because the input variable x used as an exponent in determining the value of the output variable.
Having defined rational exponents, we know that the expression 2𝑥 is defined for all rational numbers. Although
the details are beyond the details of this module, the expression 2𝑥 can also be defined for any irrational number. Thus,
the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 id defined for all real numbers.
Definition: An exponential function can be written as 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒃𝒙
where 𝑏 > 0, 𝑏 ≠ 1, and x is any real number.
In the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏 𝑥 , b is a constant called the base and x is an independentvariable called the exponent.
Here are some examples of exponential functions.
𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) = 10𝑥 ℎ(𝑥) = 2𝑥+1

The following are NOT exponential functions.


𝐹(𝑥) = 𝑥2 𝐺(𝑥) = 1𝑥 𝐻(𝑥) = 𝑋 𝑥
Variable is the base The base of an exponential Both the base and
the
and not the exponent. function must be a positive exponent are
constant other than 1. variables.
The two restrictions on b in the definition are important. First, the definition does not include 𝑏 = 1 because
1𝑥 has a value of 1 for all values of 𝑥 and the function would simply be theconstant function 𝑓(𝑥) = 1.
The definition also requires 𝑏 to be positive so that the function can be defined for all real numbers 𝑥. For
1
1
example, if 𝑏 = −9 and𝑥 = , then evaluating the function would result in finding the values of (−9)2, which is not a
2
real number.
Thus, the domain of an exponential function is the set of all real numbers and the range is the set of all positive
real numbers.

Activity 2. Do the following on a short bond paper.


Activity 3. What Function Am I?
Answer the following on a short bond paper.
LESSON 2: Exponential Functions, Equations, and Inequalities
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to
1. distinguish among exponentialfunctions, exponential equations, and exponential inequalities.

An exponential equation or inequality can be solved for all x values that satisfy the equation or inequality.
An exponential is not ‘solved’ rather, it expresses the relationship between two variables (such as x and y), and can
be represented by a table of values or a graph.

Activity 1: IDEA WAVE


Directions: In your answer sheet, write your ideas about how A, B, and C aresimilar, and how they are different.

Activity 2: CLASSIFY ME!


Direction: On a short bond paper, determine whether each given is an exponential function, exponential
equation or exponential inequality or none of these.
LESSON 3: Solving Exponential Equations and Inequality
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to
1. Solve exponential equationsand inequality.

Activity 1: QUICK DRILL


Direction: Examine which of the following are Exponential functions. Write your answers on a short bond
paper.

I. SOLVING EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS


You can verify that 𝑥 = 3 is a solution by substituting it back to the original equation: 43−1 = 42 = 16.
STUDENT TIP:
You should be careful in solving exponential inequalities such as 𝑏𝑚 < 𝑏𝑛. The resulting direction of the
inequality (𝑚 < 𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝑚 > 𝑛) is based on whether the base b is greater than 1 or less than 1.
Activity 1. Direction: In your answer sheet, provide a legible solution on the following items.
LESSON 4: Graphing Exponential Functions
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to
1. Represent an exponential function through its table of values, graph, and equation.
2. Find the domain, range, intercepts, zeroes, and asymptotes of an exponential function.
3. Graph exponential functions.
Activity 1: SKETCH IT OUT!
Directions: Graph the exponential function and provide what is being asked on each item.
1).

2).

3).
LESSON 5: Graphing Transformation of Exponential Functions
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to
1. Represent a transformation of an exponential function through its table of values, graph, equation
2. Graph transformations of exponential functions.
Activity 1: THE TRANSFORMATIONS

Directions:
LESSON 6: Representing Real-life Situations Using Exponential Functions
Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to
1. Represent real-life situations using exponential functions.

Activity 1: LEARNING BY DOING


Direction: Read carefully and follow the instructions given on this activity. Then, answer the following questions
in a separate paper.
ACTIVITY 2: Problem Set
Directions: Solve what is asked in each item. Write your complete solutions andanswers in a 1 whole sheet
of paper.

2.

3.

4.

5.
Activity 3.
Direction: Write the letter that corresponds to the best answer on a short bond paper.

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