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Angle Measure and Unit Circle

This document discusses angle measure in trigonometry. It defines an angle as the rotation of one ray, called the initial side, from another ray, called the terminal side. The measure of an angle is determined by the amount of rotation from the initial to terminal side and can be positive or negative. A full rotation is 360 degrees or 2π radians. The unit circle is used to relate radians to the length of an arc intercepted by the angle on a circle of radius 1. Conversions between degrees and radians are shown using appropriate factors of π or 180. Examples identify terminal sides of angles in standard position and convert between degree and radian measures.

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131 views

Angle Measure and Unit Circle

This document discusses angle measure in trigonometry. It defines an angle as the rotation of one ray, called the initial side, from another ray, called the terminal side. The measure of an angle is determined by the amount of rotation from the initial to terminal side and can be positive or negative. A full rotation is 360 degrees or 2π radians. The unit circle is used to relate radians to the length of an arc intercepted by the angle on a circle of radius 1. Conversions between degrees and radians are shown using appropriate factors of π or 180. Examples identify terminal sides of angles in standard position and convert between degree and radian measures.

Uploaded by

Snow Boll
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANGLE MEASURE

On a coordinate plane, an angle may be


generated by the rotation of two rays that
share a fixed endpoint at the origin.
One ray, called the initial side of the
angle, is fixed along the positive 𝑥 −axis.
The other ray, called the terminal side of
the angle, can rotate about the center.
ANGLE MEASURE

One ray, called the


initial side of the
angle, is fixed along the
positive x-axis. The
other ray, called the
terminal side of the
angle, can rotate about
the center.
Angles in Trigonometry differ from angles in
Euclidean geometry in the sense of motion.

An angle in Geometry is defined as a


union of rays that is static and has
measure between 0° and 180° .

An angle in Trigonometry is a rotation of


a ray and, therefore, has no limit. It has
positive and negative directions and
measures.
The measure of an angle is determined by the amount and directions of
rotation from the initial side to the terminal side.

POSITIVE ANGLE MEASURE NEGATIVE ANGLE MEASURE

counterclockwise clockwise
When the terminal sides rotate, they An angle whose terminal side has
may sometimes make one or more made exactly one revolution
revolutions. has a measure of 360°.

POSITIVE ANGLE MEASURE

counterclockwise
ANGLE IN STANDARD POSITION
An angle positioned so
that its vertex is at the
origin and its initial side is
along the positive 𝑥 −axis
is said to be in standard
position.
The angles 𝛼, 𝛽, and 𝜃 in the following
figure are angles in standard position.
EXAMPLES
In the following figure, identify the terminal side of an angle in standard
position with given measure.
degree measure of 135°
∠𝑨𝑶𝑪 measures 135°

The terminal side of ∠𝐴𝑂𝐶 is 𝑶𝑪

degree measure of – 90°


∠𝑨𝑶𝑬 measures –90°

The terminal side of ∠𝐴𝑂𝐸 is 𝑶𝑬

degree measure of 405°


∠𝑨𝑶𝑩 measures 360° + 45° = 405°

The terminal side of ∠𝐴𝑂𝐵 is 𝑶𝑩


UNIT CIRCLE
UNIT CIRCLE
A unit circle is a
circle of radius 1 whose
center is at the origin
of a coordinate system.
One radian is the
measure of an angle 𝜃
in standard position
whose rays intercept an
arc of length 1 unit on
the unit circle.
The circumference of any circle is 2𝜋𝑟, where 𝑟 is the measure of the
radius. So, the circumference of a unit circle is 2𝜋(1) = 2𝜋 units.

Therefore, an angle representing one


complete revolution of the circle measures
2𝜋 radians. This same angle measures 360°.

Thus, the following equation is true:


2𝜋 radians = 360°
RADIAN AND DEGREE MEASURES
To convert a radian To convert a degree
measure in degrees, measure in radians,
multiply the number of multiply the number of
radians by: degrees by:

𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝝅 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒔 𝝅


or or
𝝅 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒔 𝝅 𝟏𝟖𝟎° 𝟏𝟖𝟎
EXAMPLES
Express the degree measures in radians and the radian measures in degrees.

𝝅 7𝜋
60° radians − radians −𝟑𝟏𝟓°
𝟑 4

𝟓𝝅 𝜋
75° radians radians 2𝟐. 𝟓°
𝟏𝟐 8

𝟒𝝅 11𝜋
240° radians radians 𝟑𝟑𝟎°
𝟑 6
SEATWORK 2.1
Directions: In the following figure, identify the terminal side of an angle in standard position
with given measure.
𝝅
1) –135° 6) − radians
𝟐
𝝅
2) 45° 7) radians
𝟒
𝟑𝝅
3) –225° 8) radians
𝟐
𝟑𝝅
4) 225° 9) radians
𝟒
5) 270° 10) 2𝜋 radians
ASSIGNMENT 2.1

Directions:
Complete the
degree and radian
measures of the
special angles in
standard position
in a unit circle.
THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS!

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