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Slide TSP308 TSP 308 004 Metoda Dan Peralatan Konstruksi

This document provides an overview of compaction and soil stabilization equipment and processes. It discusses the types of compacting equipment including tamping rollers, vibration compactors, and pneumatic-tire rollers. Methods of soil stabilization through chemical means like lime and cement are also covered. The document outlines construction procedures for lime and cement soil stabilization. It also discusses factors that affect compaction effectiveness and defines compactor productivity in terms of compacted volume per hour. Homework is assigned to research and write a paper on soil chemical stabilization methods.

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68 views24 pages

Slide TSP308 TSP 308 004 Metoda Dan Peralatan Konstruksi

This document provides an overview of compaction and soil stabilization equipment and processes. It discusses the types of compacting equipment including tamping rollers, vibration compactors, and pneumatic-tire rollers. Methods of soil stabilization through chemical means like lime and cement are also covered. The document outlines construction procedures for lime and cement soil stabilization. It also discusses factors that affect compaction effectiveness and defines compactor productivity in terms of compacted volume per hour. Homework is assigned to research and write a paper on soil chemical stabilization methods.

Uploaded by

mahlet
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 4

Compaction and Stabilization


Equipment

TSP-308 MPK Ferdinand Fassa


1
OUTLINE

1. Introduction
2. Type of Compacting Equipment
3. Soil Stabilization
4. Compactor Productivity

2
Introduction (1)

Compaction
Process of increasing the density of a soil by
mechanically forcing the soil particles closer
together

If performed improperly, settlement of the soil could


occur and result in unnecessary maintenance costs
or structure failure.
3
Introduction (2)
What is soil?
Soil is formed in place or deposited by various forces of
nature such as glaciers, wind, lakes and rivers, residually or
organically.

Following are important elements in soil compaction:


■ Soil type
■ Soil moisture content
■ Compaction effort required

4
Introduction (3)

 Compaction seeks to improve the Quality (property) of Soil


 Reduce or prevent settlement
 Increase strength
 Improve bearing capacity
 Control volume changes
 Lower permeability

 By means of improving (increasing) dry density

5
Introduction (4)
Compaction Actions

 Kneading
 Static Weight
 Vibration
 Dynamic / Impact

6
Type of Compacting Equipment (1)
• Tamping Roller
– Effective on all soil
– Working speed 8 – 12 mph
• Vibration Compactor
– Have one or two drums
– Working speed 2 – 4 mph
• Pneumatic-Tire Rollers
– Used in compacting asphalt, base and sub-base material

7
Type of Compacting Equipment (2)

8
Type of Compacting Equipment (3)

9
Soil Stabilization (1)

• Soil conditions are often unstable,


• They are subject to differential expansion
and shrinkage when undergoing changes
in moisture content
• Improvement through chemical and/or
mechanical stabilization

10
Soil Stabilization (2)
Soil density tests
To determine if proper soil compaction is achieved
for any specific construction application, several
methods were developed. The most prominent by
far is soil density.
Why test
Soil testing accomplishes the following:
• Measures density of soil for comparing the degree
of compaction vs specs
• Measures the effect of moisture on soil density vs
specs
• Provides a moisture density curve identifying
optimum moisture

11
Soil Stabilization (3)

12
Soil Stabilization (4)

13
Soil Stabilization (5)

Proctor Test

14
Soil Stabilization (6)
Sand Cone Test (ASTM D1556-90)

• Dig compacted soil from a hole (6” diam by 6” deep)


• Weighed the soil (wet weight)
• Dry the soil
• Weigh the soil (dry weight)
• Fill the hole with dry sand and measure its volume

15
Soil Stabilization (6)

Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Compaction


 Compaction Mechanism (type of equipment)
 Type of Soil
 Thickness of layer (lift)
 Weight of Compactor
 Efficiency

16
Soil Stabilization (7)

Method of Soil Stabilization

Chemical Stabilization

 Incorporating lime (w/ fly ash) for high clay content soil
 Incorporate Portland cement for granular soil

17
Soil Stabilization (8)
Lime Stabilization Construction Procedure
• Scarification and pulverization
• Lime Spreading
• Preliminary Mixing and additional water
• Preliminary curing (cure 24 to 48 hours)
• Final mixing
• Compaction
• Final Curing (7 days)

18
Soil Stabilization (9)
Soil Cement Stabilization Construction Procedure
• Spreading
• Mixing
• Compaction
• Final Curing (2 days)

19
Compactor Productivity

Compacted Quantity / Hour (Productivity)


Q = compacted volume / hour
(cy/hr or m3/hr)
W = compacted width, (ft or m)

Q= WxSxLxE S = average speed, (mph or km/h)


P L = compacted lift, (in or cm)
P = number of passes required
to achieve density
E = work efficiency

20
Compactor Productivity

Q = compacted cy/hr
W = compacted width, (ft)

Q = 16.3 W x S x L x E S = average speed, (mph)


n L = compacted lift, (in)
n = number of passes required
to achieve density
E = work efficiency
16,3 is the conversion factor for putting
the result in cubic yard

21
Compactor Productivity (2)
A self-propelled tamping foot compactor will be used to compact a fill
being constructed of clay material. Field tests have shown that the
required density can be achieved with four passes of the roller
operating at an average speed 3 mph. the compacted lift will have a
thickness of 6 in. The compacting width of this machine is 7 ft. one bcy
equals 0.83 ccy. The scraper production, estimated for the project is
510 bcy/hr. how many roller will be required to maintain this
production? Assume a 50 min hour efficiency.

Solution…??

22
Compactor Productivity (3)

23
Homework

• Find article (s) on soil (chemical) stabilization


• Describe and discuss method of work in a paper
of at least 5 pages (A4) printed on one side
• Presented in PPT format
• Paper due by Friday, 7th March 2014

24

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