YDS sorlanmn daha iyi anlagiimasi ve zaman uyumu ile igi sorulenn dogru cavaplandinimasi icin ense'lrin kllanim yererinin ve teneelorin uyumunu gdsteren tense ‘dlyagraminin bilamesi goreknektect. eaten eNO —F se ‘Sor cimiesinde zaman baglaglan varsa 2s soon as, wll, When, after. onee... yukanda ok igaetied ile gosteriten zaman ‘lyagramina uyulmas: gerekmekted! & fais Simple Present Tense Ganlok aigkanikiar ya da her zaman yapilan Isler anlatirken llr. + Gokge takes a shower every day: ‘+ usually 08d the newspaper inthe morning. ‘+ Banks ond money to make a prof. (Bankalar kar otmek ign Oddone para verter.) alma dog olan olaylar ya da genel gergekler anlaiirken kullu, ‘+ Ihfakos me five minutos to get to my work. STRATE: Zaman uyuma ile He Sasa eler soruda ‘yoksa, dogru secenek genelde ya simiple present tense ya da present perfgct tensed, Sorucurlesinde tarum yapuiyorsa yada genelbirgergekter: tates ese E New woros: oy which sak bununa bleikte resolve dénismek scount for agldamak ‘account or elugmak, meydaraigelmek Evaporation ____the process by which a solid or liquid Into vapor by heat. ‘A)has been / resolved ——_—B) was /had resolved C) has been /was resolved D) may be /has resolved B)is is resoved ‘Acikiama: Buharlagma le ig bir gergekten bahsedicigh icin doijru sepenek E, The price of crude oll bby 40 % this year due to the continuing risk of disruption in the Middle East, which for one-third of global production. A) surges / accounted 8) had surged / has accounted (G)nas surged / accounts ) surged / had accounted ) will surge / could have accounted Agikiama: “This year fades inde bulunan yiin hendz btmedijin fade ti iin present porfoc tonsa" yazilmasin gerektir.Ikinci kusim da gene! gergek bir durum aniatildi) igin (kuresel fretimin Ogte bisni olusturan Ora Dog.) simsie resent ‘onset yazilmasini gerektri. Dogru segenek C. Soruiarda ati anaten badlaclr oldugu zaman, zaman ‘ayumunun aromas only der Bu tare sonar da Strate ‘Although constipation usually lifestyle habits, in ‘some cases it may be a side effect of medication or may reflact a medical problem such as tumours that __ the passage of waste. A) had reflected / obstruct 8) has reflected / obstructed | C)reflected / had obstructed |) will reflect /have obstructed E) reflacs / are obstructing ‘Agikiama: ‘Kabizhin geneltarumundan bahsediigi icin dogru sepenek E.Durum anlatan filer kulaniken present continuous tense yerine spi cresant tenes klar, | realty enjoy traveling, + The group currently consis of five people, but we hope to ‘get more members soon. Durum anlatan filler: agree, assume, believe, helong to, Contain, consist of, cost, disagree, enjoy, feel, hate, have, hhoge, know, tke, look, love, own, prefer, realise, regret, resemble, smell, tate, Baslangig ve bitlg saatlert bell olan durumiar anlatiircen ‘resent simp tons kullu, + Mack :Whattime coes yourtran oa tomorow? Saran : Seven twentyfve nthe morring. + hous ino Ankara a leven twenty-three, “The train caves at seven twenty-five tomorow moming. “The match sts at half past eight Next Sunday isthe thirteenth ~ Present Continuous Tense / iginde bulunan zaman diliminde yapilan islet anlatiirken ure. +The car iit starting again. ‘Who are you phoning? bm tying to get through to Hakan, ‘The shop is so ineficiont that many customers are tsking their business elsewhere, [At the moment, at present, currently, just, right now and sil) zaman zarflan Present Continous Tense’e alt zaman zarfiandr. ‘Have you done the shopping?! am just going. ‘They are oil waiting for the sults of the exam. ‘New worps: uo fo +isim : sebep anlatan bir baglagbi: disrupt bozmak,altst etmek supe anos obstruct ‘engellemek varlous indications that the current financial ‘@ damaging effect on technology There crisis companies. A) are is having 1B) were / wil have (©) had been /has hac 1D) have been / would have had. ) would have been / had had ‘Actkiama: Soru ciimlesinde yer alan current fadesi nedeniyie B, C ve E ‘segenekien yaniisti. D segenaijinde yer alan would nave hac vye have beon yapilan ‘onso alyagraminda gok fark yerlerdo ‘oldugu ign yanlistr. Dogra segenek A. ) son zamaniata yapian er ait Klan, Why 2r0 you jumping up and down? lm neering @ lot of good reports about your work these days, “J Ge¢iei urumiar anlatiirkon kulanit. Banks aro lending more money (these days) to encourage businesses to expand, Funda is leaming to drive. |-Yokinma, nognususik fade eden durumiar_aniairken rua: Bu tare duruia anltireen daima eniamina olen aivaye, conta, connuay, yada forover, zaman zara lami + They're constantly having parties until the early hours of the morning. You are alivays complaining about my cooking. =Dejigmelte olan ya da debiskenik gbsteren _durumiar ‘anlatlirken kullan. “The number of carson the oad is increasing. ‘The oarth is slowly ottng warmer. (Dainya yaves bir gekie isinyor.) ‘+ More and more people ars giving up eating fast-food. fpresent continous tense, gelecek zaman _anlaminda | kullanilan comienin sonunda gelecek zaman zarflan yer ar. ‘© Wo'e having a party tomorrou, Sarah is going to Pars next weekKH will + Verba | atria youn tau, «Myler vibe ata home tevin actor ue a mp arayn yep alee | ‘+ That will be Dilek at the door. (I suppose it is Dilek) Konugma aninda bir igin yapsimaya karar verimes! durumun- da Kula. + A: The room is very hot +B: Okey, | will open the window, ¢ ri inthe uman lg problem in Aten countries | their economic difficulties. | scan not bo il overcome 1a ban had oro 2} wan be / overcome D) wouldn't be / would be overcome wasnt nav overcome ‘Agiklama: Soru ciimlesinde uni! zaman baglaci oldugu ign zaman uyue munun aranmast gerekmektedt. ‘Zaman uyumunu saglayan dogru segenek C. ) be going to + Verb 1 | Onceden kararveriis,niyet edimis for anlabvken Kull, ‘+ Lam going to walt here unl the deen comes back. + She is going fo hold @ meeting with the members of the board Akibet bell olan islerde kullaniir. + Look at that tree! its going to fall down, +The weather is cioudy. It's going to rain — will be+ Verb-ing. | Gelecek zamanda “yapiyor olecagimz ifadelor aniatlirkon kullu. ‘+ This time tomorrow, il be lying on the beach. ) + Dont visit me tomorrow moming. | will be painting the kitchen, > __ you yesterday, the undersecretary over this afternoon's discussions. A) ave told / was presicing BY told / willbe presiding (©) would have told / had presided 1) wil tall / has presided ) would tell has been presiding ‘Acikiama: Birinci boslukta yesterday zaman zart olduguigin segeneklerde ‘simple past tonse aranmar. linet boglukta this atierioon.. ‘aman zarf oldugu igin_ dog sepenek B. wil have + Verb 3 Geleoek zamanda_yapmig ve bitimig clacapimiz Isler anlatiirkar Kull. ‘© By the end ofthis term, Ill have fnishoc my thesis. ‘+ By 2050, the population of Turkey will have doubles. ‘© In-two yearstime, my father will have rte from the fm, ‘+ By the end ofthis year, she wil have boon working for this firm for ten years 4 Not: By + gelecek zaman fades! wil have + Ver 30 gore. Zaman uyumu ile Higit sorulann g6ziminde ikilemde kalindify zaman Tenselerin kullanim yerleri dikkate It seems likely that, by the end of the week, the costs Involved in the construction of the bridge ‘the Ministry. 'A) would have bean announced 'B) would be announced (©) are being announced ‘D) mill have been announced E) have been announced Aciklam By tho ond of the week zaman fadesinden dolayt, \dogru sopenek D. ¢ by the time + simile present tense, will have +Verb 3 + By the time my father arrives, my mother will have cooked the ginnar. + By thetime they amive, we wilhave instaliod the computers.Its hoped that by the end of the century the growth rate Sms of the world population _ substantially. A wilhave been cubed B) would nave been cues -—-Simple Paste Tense C)hasbeen curbed D)willcur> Goomig zamanda olmug, bitmig ig aniatiizken kullanr. )wilhave tobe curbes Yesterday, 290, ast webk, 1990, lst right. zaman zaran Sipe Pest Tones at zaman zara, ‘Agiklama: a y+ golecek zaman zat Kab nederive dogmu segenek A. + We vaichod a fim on television from soven to ten yesterday. vez te 4 + She hoo her mater with the housework as ight. + Jano letust afew minutes ago. By nan of itm of ten, a the projects he has already undertaken. | A) has completed B) will have completed ‘sTRaTEl 3: ied Giislanchial Tense souian gScilirten,soru cimlesinde Sones, fi E)esomol secilmesi gerektidi ile ilgili yon verir. Agiama: Sor cimesinde zoren baal vars (wen, while 25, ‘By + golocok zaman zat kal nedeniyle dot aanenek 8 Lunt, once, before, as soon 2s, after.) zaman uyumunun ‘aranmasi gereki bam /is /are to verb 1 ees Professional tennis, which got its star in 1926 when the French player Suzanne Lengien 50.000 US dollars Golecok zamanda yapilacak olan “resi” olayla een 4 kellie, |) had been paid / has recoived +The ministers iomaka a apecch to the pubic " ) was paid / received ‘+ Allthe students are to assemble in the hall at 10:30. C) has been paid / would receive 1} is pald receives ) would be paid / had received ‘Agiktama Gea RE Sou comiesinde yer alan “1926 ve 1968” zaman zartan ‘Simple past tense! gerektir. Dog sogenek B. “Bir isl vapmak Gzere olmak” anlamina gelmektedir. + We are about tofnish the task. ‘©The lesson is about to startin fve minutes, Cabbage _ as early as 2000 B.C. and the ‘commercial varieties now Brussels sprouts, — ‘common cabbage, sprouting broccoli, and kohirabi. A) might have been cultivated / have included Dy be due to + verb 1 £8) had been cultivated / included (©) would be cultivated / used to include Balan ve_bi_zaman, bal lan oayar ation py youyarave been culate can nade jnili. ) was cultivated / include ‘+ The fl is duo to startin ton minutes. anions Birinci boslukta yer alan as early 26 2000 ades! simple past tsrsel,knci Boshika yer alan now zaman za ise sini present tense’ gereldinr, Dogru segenek + sims train is due at 9:20,Recent excavations in Algeria that Before the nationwide vaccination campaign tne Homoorectus ‘hore between 600,000 and infant mortality rate_to.an alarming extent. a {Is being introduced / would rise A) have indicat /resiced B) will be inroduced / rose 8) hed indicated / has resided (0) had been introduced /has risen ©) incicatad / would reside 1) willbe iniroduced was ising 1) could have indicated / had been residing ) was introduced / had risen E)indioate had resided Apiktama: ‘bahar ‘Soru comiesinde yer alan love baglact zaman uyumunu nc yr alan phn pnwsputrsiaan, | Selarmelio: ee] Ramee ae dicted 4 aa C ve D segeneKlerl yanigti. Dogru segenek E, ‘kina! bogluia yer alan... ago zaman zarf simple pest Yense' ‘gerektirit. Dogru segenek A. ‘STRATEII 4: ‘Sor cOmielerinde 1945, ancient fines, at that me, ago, ‘bs! vices. gibi gegmig zaman zarfart varea ve simak! zamana bir etksi yoKsa =ir/2 02:1 ions terch edi. "Once the director Just how much was at | stake, he Immediate steps to deal with the dlspute. A) realizes / wil ake Russia__arller this week that it_all its ‘troops out of Georgia, 8) has realized / had taken ©) had realized / took ‘A) had announced / pulled D) realized / takes 8) announces / would have pulled ) would realize /has taken 16) announced / had pulled poitionen, ) is announcing /has pulled ‘Once zaman bagjact zaman uyumunu gerektimektodir. __&) aS announced / was pulling Sory ciimiasindak wes yardimet filde dikkato alaiginda Acilamas dofru segenek C. Earlier this week Wades! simple past tense garokti ‘Anlam agisindan zaman uyumu da dikkate alindigind dogru segenek 0. —— In the end 1 him for the election since the At the ond of 1998, Estonia the strict aititude of the delegates ____—soccompletely. citizenship requirements that _____the country’s Russian minority from gaining etiznship. 1) did't propose / had changed 8) have proposed / vill change ©) am proposing would have changed ) could nat have proposed Is changing © had not proposed / changed Agiktama: ‘Soru ciimiesinde sebep anlatan since baglaci yer almaktadw. elm’ Zaman dyagram dikkate alindijinda (Delogelern tutumian 9, mo ens of 1908 Hades sinple past lense gore. tamamen deg iin onu segim in Gnermedim) ‘Anlam agisindan zaman uyumu da dikkate.alindiginda cof sogenck A, ‘pu eegonok D. A) relaxes / kept 6) had relaxed / have kept CC) has relaxed / were keeping 1D) relaxed /had kept ) wil relax / are keepingGegmig zamandaki aligkanliklar anlatilrken simle past tense sulla. + Evory day | wont to awim. “Today, this morning / week /month gibi zaman zarfian present perfect tense ve present continous tense He kullatlabiligt Ghbi simple past fonse de de kulanvabli. Iginde bulunmug ‘ldugumuz zaman dil bitmig ise simple past tense, hentz bitmemig se present perfect tense kalau | cid shave today. (= the usual time has passed suggests | will not shave today) ‘haven't shaved today. loday isnot finished | may shave later or may not) + | rote theee letters this morning. (=the morning is over) + Ne writen tree laters this morning. itis sill moming) ver ve never yeplan spe past ensee de klar, + Won she was young, she nevercinerec too much about te appearance. Past Continuous Tense \/s ykseimek Inveduee _: uygulamak, ortaya gmake vacdination agi gain edinmek, kazanmmakBy the time Brahms ‘symphonies, this form to compose his ‘wel established. 1) was boginnng / would have been 8) had begun / was began nad boen ) has Begun / has been ©) would begin /woule be | ‘Agikiama: By the time + simple past tense, past perfect tense kalib! nedeniyle dogru saganek C. cebu used to \ > used to+ verb 1 BBirzamanlat yapilip uanda yapimayan eylemier anlaiirken, ya da tam torel curumlarda kul ‘= She used to spend too much time watching TV. (But she dosen't now) ‘+ He dt use to get up early when he was a student, (But he does now) 1 i would + verb 1 Gegmig zamanda tekraredilon olaylaranlatirkon kullanir. ‘= Every week, he would buy his wife a bunch of flowers. (Her hafta, egine bir buketcigok alird.) ‘+ Whenever she lost her toys, she vould ery. | | ‘+The farmer would take sitict measures whenever there was frost ea Gogmig zamanda gergeKieyen eylerieraniatiircen ulm. ‘Gorgeklegen eylemin simciki zamena etki vara. "Yestorcay, ‘90° gb zaman zara bu tense'do kulaniimamaktacr. ‘She has cut her finger. (Parmak gu an kesik.) + We have pained the Kichen.(Mutfak gu an boy.) ‘NEW WORDS: | ‘compose (of) «den olugmak ‘compettive Kabetsi ‘manufacture Gretmek appoint atamak,belirlemek merged. ‘Our dally tite but Iginds bulunulan zaman dim hendz bitmemis ise ((ocay his ‘morning, this month...) present perfect tense kullanir + Ihave had two cups of tea tod. (Today hasn't finished yet) ‘+ Sha hao visited me twice this waok. (The week has not finshed yet) ‘Tho Pacific markets extremely competitive ‘since the manufacturing capacity of many Far Eastern countrs ___ to Improve at the turn of the decade. ‘Ajare becoming / begins 8) had become / would bagin (©) became / have begun ) were becoming / would have begun £) have become / began Agiklama: Leresent periect tense + since + simple pest tense| kalibn edenivle dog segenek E. Nonow statt appointed since the two companies Ayare/ would be B) wore / have been ©) are going to be / have ) would have been /are being ©) have been / were Agiktama: present perfect tense + since + simple past tense kal nredeniyle dogru sogenck E. ‘an indispensable part of ‘A)had been / had not always been B) has been / is not always \Gf is (has not atways been ) will be / would not always be ) was / couldn't always have been Agikiema: “Today 2aman zarfi nadeniyle A, B ve E saoneWeri yang: D ssegenedjnde fark zamanlar kullarléitigin aniam agisindan yanlishr. Dogru segenek C,i Present Perfect Continuous Tense ~ Gogmig zamanda bastamig ve ignds bukunulan zaman dimin- {6e biton ya da devam edon eylemier anlatirken kullar ‘+ have been studying English for two hours. (Eyiom iki saat énce baglamig ve konugma aninda ya hendz bitmig ya da devam etmektedi,) + My mother has been clesning the windows, but sho stl hasn't frished it, (Eylom Snceden baslamig ama ieinde bulunulan zaman dlliminde hen bitmemigt.) + Ever, never, all my ia, always, occasionally, often several times, once, twice... gibi zarflar present perfect tense ie kullanlabitr ‘© Have you overridden on a donkey? ‘+ She has been to Par twice this year. ‘So fer up to now, until now, in the las... nthe past, over the past... for... @ibl zaman zartlan present periset tense We Kull + So farwe haven't noticed anything unusual. ‘+ Eighteen species of dumbo octopuses have been discovered tip (0 0, + In the last two woske the rise in the prices has been observed. ‘+The smoking problem in the company has got worse inthe last saven months, For nearly @ decade most governments in the world ‘to find ways of combating environmental problems. A)weretied — B) would have tied C) ty D)could try) have been trying ‘Agiklama: For nearly @ decade zaman zarti nedeniyle dota sepenck E. Sira say! sifatlanndan sonra (the first, the second ..) ve superlative sifatiadan (the best, the most...) sonra present perfect tense kularu. + Thies the worst stuation he company nas ever boon, ‘+ He has the most interesting ooins that | have soon, Indeod, some studios ‘effect Into aecount in meal planning a practical way to improve glucose control. that taking the glycemic ‘A) have shown (is 2B) show /was (©) had shown /had been) showed / will be ©) could show / has beon Agikiama: Soru cimiesinde higbir ipucu olmadigt ign strate 1 cikkate alinmaliar. BU nodenie A ve B seqerekler dikkate alinmalir. |B segenetjinde fark zamanlar lailamldi ign yank dogru sepenek A, Gegmis zamanda gercekleymeyen ifadelerin fark “tonse'lerle anlatumi. + He was going to lend you soma monay, but he didn't receive his salary. (0, sana édine para verecekti, ama maagin'alamadi.) 1 We vier thinking of visting ourflends las ight, but my wite got + wes about to do my homework, but l was asked to help my son finish his test + He was fo have taken part, but he fll For a hundred years or so some critics ‘that pootry Is dying, and all that time poets poems that later generations recognize as great. ‘A) have maintained / have been weting 1B) maintained / wrote (C) had maintained / wore wring D) maintain / are writing ) would maintain /had boon writing ‘Acikiama: For hundred years or so zaman zart nedeniyle dogru sopenok A. ‘Over the past two decades, the Corsicans ‘thelr idyll isiand, which was wrested by France from the Genoese in 1768, Into terrorism, corruption and economic dectine. ‘A)have seen / sink ©) saw fto sink BB) had seen / sank 1D) would have seen /had sunk ) would see / had been sinking Agiktama: Over the past two decades zaman zarfi_nedeniyio ‘dogru segenek A, Iki vrgal arasinda kullamian simple past “onsen ana comleyl igs! your. io) MUOS WaNUO. “nuios aN‘olive ~ passive konusunun genelde tense segimierinde ve yar birakilan cimielertamamiama bdidmlerinde soru olarak ‘geldigi gorlimoktedi. Tose lerin ve Gerund — Infinitive erin ppasifgokilernin blinmesi gerekmektedir. Unutulmamaldr ki tense erin kullanim yerler, cmvelerin past halinde de aynudi. Bu bolumdo anlatilacak olan Is sao thal .. Konusundan gonelde sory golmektodir. Simple Present Tense: = * English is aughtall round, the world as a universal is + verbs | language. Lose ) (Genel gergekenletimekted) = Present Continuous Tense: [am] * The World Cup football games are being tlovised all ts +being+ verb3 | over the word. Lae) + She is being questioned at the police station now. (ii, 9u an karakolda sorgulanmaktadr,) Simple Past Tense: 9 The rate of bith yas: “ ‘ken under control by the ee ‘government. were +The meeting wasn't held ‘owing to the bad weather. (Toplant kota hava nedeniyle yapilmadh) Past Continuous Tense: [ «While the thiaf was boing “s ‘chased by the police, ho fell +being+ verb3| _intoahole. ‘ate ‘Aste kitchen vias being Le) pains, my mother broke the vase (Mutfak boyanirken, annem vazoyu kid Present Perfect Tense: *As people have not | afforded to buy any mobile +been+ verb3 | phones for some time, the has prices of the phones fave l ) been decreased, ‘After the data has beon ‘gate the researchers will examine tham carefully (Veriler toplanciktan sonra, sragtimaciar buna kk bir gekiide Inceleyecetter.) Past Perfect Tense: had + been + verb3 rar ere | See reaenenaee + By the te | got home, all the cakes jad been ealen by ‘iy roommates. (Eve vardigim zaman, keklerin hepsi oda arkadaslanim tara findan yenmigti.) Future Tense: ie To verba] ‘lH aflimis exposed to light, the nagative sd ‘willbe ruined. Is goingtobe + verb3 (€or bir fim igifa maruz kali, negatif boxulur.) ‘+ Homeless people suter from lnesses and hunger, so many dormitories are going lo be opened to put an end to their problams. Ot course nobody knows what the outcome of the election. ____but at the moment Malcom the most likely candidate. AA) would have been fs being regarded By is / has boon regarded '0) was / would be regarded D) wil be /s regarded _E) has been /has been regarded | Aeiklama: ‘Soru cUmissindski at the moment zaman zarft nedenivle B, C ve E sorencklor yanlis. A seceneginde zaman uyumu ‘olmadiigin yang. "Tabiki hig Kime secimin sonuclannin ne ‘olacagint bilmiyor, fakat gu an Malkoim en buyik aday olarak 8rdimektedir." Dogri segensk D. The book A Thousand and One Nights is a collection of fascinating tales of the Orient and of mixed Indian, Prsian, Arable and Egyptian origin, and was first In Europe by Antoine Galland’s French translation in the early eighteenth century. ‘Ajhaving known —B)to know) tobe known Dymade known tobe made known Agikiama: ‘Sonu cimlesinde yer alan was ve by edati dikkate alindigjinda -dogeu segenk D.‘Actually, most ofthe crimes that__last year were not ‘connected with violence, but this Ie not the picture that up from watching TV coverage of the topic. |A) were committed / builds 8) have been committed / has been bult (©) ware being committed / was bult D) had committed / would build ) would be committed / had been buit ‘Agiktama: Last year zaman zat simple past tense! gereltirr. Birinci bosiukta yer alan cmlenin nesnes! clmadi®t igin passive bir yap! tercih ed. 2thkanvatan ut baglaci ve ..s.. ardimet fil cikkate alindiginda dogru segenek A. In recent decades the efficiency of the United Nations ‘growing number of countries. A) will have been questioned 8) was questioned (©) had been questioned D) would be questioned E) has been questioned Agiklama: in recent decades ladesi present perfect tense'l, by eda ise passive biryapiyi gerektr. Dogru segenek E, Ht seems likely that, by the end of the week, the costs Involved in the construction of the bridge __by the Ministry. 1) would have been announced 8) would be announced ©) are being announced 1) will have been announced E) have been announced ‘Agikdama: ‘By ho ond ofthe wok fades! future perfect tenstin by edat ise passive bir yapy:goreltir. Dor segenek D. ETT ac cs Edilgen (Passive) Ciimleler get + verb3, ‘Baz1 olayiar olrken ya da degisime uprarken, ‘be + participle yerine get + participle kulamilabit ‘+ Don't each your students all the uses of “would” in the ‘same lesson. They may get coniused. + She was arrested yesterday = She got arresied yesterday Wri eed) Or Present Participles (Verb - ing) EY eete Sinav Inglizcesinde ok yaygin kullanian filer vad. Buriar past geknde kalanleginde sift gibi llr. Pst participle (V3)'N filler, insantan, present participle {Verb ing) filer cansizan niteler. Simdi bu filler ve elsilan prepostonian agagida inceleyelim 4. be acquaited (with) 19, be intrested fn) 2. be bored (with, by) 20. be involved (in, with) 4. be broken 21. be located I, south of ete, 4, be closed 22, be ost 5. be composed of 23.be made of 6. be crowded (wth) 7.be devoted [to) 4.be disappointed (in, with) 24, be married (to) 25.be opposed (to) 26, be pleased (with) 27. be prepared (for) 28. be quad (fo) 9. be divorce (rom) 10, be done (wlth) 11, be dunk (or) 28, be related (to) 12, be engaged (to) 30, be stsied (with) 13, be excited about) 31.be scared (ot, by) 14, be exhausted (fom) 32.be shut 35. be finished (with) 35.be spoiled 16.be frightened (of by) 34. be tersified ff, by) 117, be gone (from) 35, be tree (of) 1B.be hurt 36, be wortied (about) + Wo 2-9 interested in global warming, + Lam sill scared of my father. + He did't do well ast term, so his mother is worried about is torm. + Ankara is located in Gentral Anatolia ‘Are you acquainted with this author? ‘The naws is disappointing “The fl which we watched yesterday vas voring. + Ive been there forfour years, so Ive only got one year loft and then Yi bo quail and hopefully gat a job In this country. * [feel exhausted when | explain the activity several times {or everybody to understand the task perfectly. + My students ae tired of answering all the questions.Tae Ae ~ stRaTEsI a: Se —— “ate reisaid ae ee that + ele mands so ge eas ben said rs yanl “that” adesinin Gnd bosalsimg ise bu soru | tara bize “tis i! ‘konusunu gagrsarmalt, ve IRwasadoowledged + (that) + climle y {twas believed eee: = Bee Oc pe areyraiate: thas been known v oo ‘Ana Gomi ‘thatthe reasons for introducing the new design Hes it Salient dollar bills were the persistent reports of high quality Tein Grd van Gtieas) counterfeits circulating In the Middle East, AA) Following a US Secret Service probe, the US Federal Reserve has wondered 88) Enormous quantities of dolar bls are held in reserve | Inthe US and overseas. Passive 1: itis sold thathe bolioves his own les as he is 2 schizophrenic. Passive? : Heissaid@bslovotsounesasheisa —_C) Alothe re alge made by ha US Fates Stross pasos Ts Us ern iy iy sb Paso + nowcmarow gente ©) outgunned rho €) thas boon dino bt neve cota byte US Passive 4 : She |s believed to go on holiday this month. Federal Reserve proses + tle row bate | same Yukaridaki som incelendiginde that In Ondndn bogattimis ‘ldugu gordimektecir. Seceneklere bakiiciginda ile baglayan Passive7 : t\ssald thathe wasvery rich before he _-_*&asilbiryapinin sadooe E sepenodinde oldugu gérbimektedr ‘went bankrupt ‘Dogru segenek E. Passives: Hells inown to be rich, ‘went bankrupt Passive9 : twas beloved that she had stolen the money. Soructmlesinde bos braklanyer” to Verb1/tohave +3" le devam ediyorsaseveneilerde pal bir yap franmas gerekir fer sora “Tense Segimi” ei ise Passive 11: {tis known that they have typed all the - "Tense alinmasi gerekmektedir. loners. x Passive® + Hels ssd(ohave boon very rich betorehe 3 Passive 10: She\0s beloved to have stolen the money. Passive 12 : They a’e known io have typed al the letters. Passive 13 : She was believed to have been fortured. jaa i aie onal a ts Chien before the thirteenth century, which Is when they ‘to appear In Europe. ‘Yukaridakl climloer incelendijinde i lle baslayan cUmieler! - 5 ‘that yapiemnn iztedigh grclmektedir. Thai yapisindan sonra | A) maybe believed / were beginning ‘ Isteniien tense de clmlolerolugturulabil, yani ens uyuMU |B) could be believed/have begun ‘olmak zorunda degiidr. Comie i Bznesinin diginda herhangi bir dzne ile bagladidinda hia, hey, she, Cokoe, the cat... cle ‘hat le deglo\ile devam etmektedr. To dan sonra present tense ve future tense anlatiimak istonirse to + vero 1 get. (@,4 ve 6 nolu drneklerde oldugu git). To dan sonra perfect | pgiviamas {ense, past lonss ve past por‘entfenssled anlatmak istenirse ‘to shave + vorb yapisi kullantr (8, 10 ve 12 nolu bmeklerde cid gi), anlam aki. Cimie past yapimaketonkee 0+ 1 ST Gilat lnmasr greki Ven Hades! kendinden have boon + verb 8 yepitkullani. (18 notu Gmeide olduGu nog golon tho thitoen contury Hadesinriteled@ ign ab). ‘dof segenek E. ©) were believed / had begun D) have been believed / could begin Ej are belleved / began ‘Yukaridaki cimleds highir Ipucu olmadig icin ve roketlere Igll genel bir gergekten bahsedldig! in simple presentina sui Earthquake rupture _____to oceur by enlargement fof a crack, but more recent observations a ‘pulse-ike’ mode of rupture enlargement. |A) had been thought / would be incicated 'B) can be thought / had indicated (©) was thought will have indicated 1D) has been thought/ indicate E) must be thought / may have indicated ‘Aciklama: ‘Yukaridek cimlede higbir ipucu olmadig ign dogtu segenek ya present perfect tense dir ya da simple prosont tonse ai Blinc! boglukta zaman zarflannin olmamast ve bosluktan sonra, ‘gelen to dikkate alindiginda present perfec tense i gereki. ‘Sut baglacindan sonra gelen cimle, genel bir gergedj ade |i gin simple present iense I gerektirr. Dogru segenek D. Underwater archaeology is generally considered to tts first major encouragement during the ‘winter of 1853-54, when a particularly low water level ke bare enormous quantities of wooden posts, pottery and other artifacts, |A) be receiving / has laid 8) be recelved / would lay ©) have been received / had laid ) receive / could have laid ) have recelved / lad Agiktem Gilg culos! pasif oldugu ve to dan sonraki kisim soruldugu gin, cimledeki curing 1859-54 kasmve when baglac date alindiinda A, B ve D segeneKleriyanlisi. Dogru sepenek E. ______ that bats use ultrasonic beams to follow insects through the dark. 1A) A group of students are experimenting 6) Scientists had wondered \O)A great deal af evidence needs tobe gathered 3) H's long been known ) Over the years, no scientist has questioned Agiklama: ‘Bu thr sorularda that fadesinin Og gokide ddigondimesi gerekr. ‘Ya tat adesinin Oninde past bir yap), ya relalive pronoun ya dda noun clause olarak dgUndimeli ve int in Gndnde bir fi aranmalii. “Tom bunlar dikkate alineginda that den sonra golen cimloyi (yarasalarin karanlikta avlarin takip etmek icin ultrasonik ‘ginlartkullandikian ...) anlam agisindan tamamlayan camie, *yarasalanin karanlika avlanni takip etmek ign ultrasonik vginian kulandikian uzun siredir bilinmektedir” ifadesid. ogra segenek D. | eis Bir eylemi dane Kendisi vapmiyor, bir bagkasina yaptinyorsa ettigen yap kullansr. Bu yapiy! saglamak igin 11) Have + Sth + Done : Bir soy yaptimak. Whenever | go on holiday, | nave my-dag looked after. De not tum off the computer. We sre having anew eomputar system Installed now. ‘As people were invalvedin many accidents, the government had the roads repaired. + While my mother was cleaning the house, she wes heving the meal cooked, | Byes sh + Done: Bey yeptak ‘+ The man has not oot his sisters favorite song sung since his sister ded. + Bolore the plane took off, the hostess hau got the belts tie | il. get your name writen atthe beginning of the list so you won't have to walt for hours. SShe is coing to get her fue tank fio before she sets of By the time she loses weight, the doctor wil ave got many sick diets flower ‘You shoulé have / get your ticket checked it you don't want any trouble, (3) Have + Sb + De sth : Birisine bir sey yaptirmak. ‘+ Whenever I go on holiday, Ihave my tiand look after my og. Do not tum off the computer. We are having the computer | progiammer instal anew system now. ‘As people were involved in many accidents, the government rad the worker repair the road. + While my mother was eleaning the house, she vas heving | myfathar cook the meal. t's favorita “The man has not had the singer sing his ‘song since his sister died. 4) Get + Sb + To do sth : Birsine birgey yaptrmak Bofors the plane took of, the hostess hse gol the. ‘passengers (otc their beks. | il got the seoratary io write your name at the beginning (ofthe list so you won't have to wait for hours. ‘She is going o get the petrol station attendant io fil the {uel tank before she sets off+ Batore she lost weight, the doctor wl sve got his patient 1c follow many stict diets | * You show's get the travelagant io check your tekst you don't want any trouble. "Blsine bir gov vaptumak anlaminda kullanlan have - got bi filer yant sir, make fill de bu enlamda kullamabil Ancak, mek, daha gok fziksel ya da sosyal bir baskinin vain ifade etmektedir ve make ~ sb + verb 1 yaprsiyla kullan imaktadir. '5) Make + Sb + Do sth : Biisine birgey yaptrmak, ‘+The patient was too weak to walk after the operation, 0 the doctor mac hm stay in bed. Bu cOmlodeki make fill “doktorun hasta dzerindeki yaptinm ‘Gictnd fade etmektedir. Doktor hastasinin yatakta kalmasint ‘sajlamaktacir. (8) Lot + Sb + Do sth : Birisinin bir gey yapmasina misaade ‘tmok, + Dor'tict tho chilcren simoks in the olass, ‘+ My ather ist mo stay out late last weekend. Goi fil, Have filine gore daha fazia zoruntuluk ado etmektedie : RS ican cuam [een eats need need require + verb_ing = require + tobe + verb 3, want pees’ want athve Need, require ve want fillerinden sonra hem to ver 1, hem de ver». Ing geleblit. Ancak iki kulanim arasinda aniem fark vvardi. Eyer bu fllerden sonra io verb + gelrse, cOmlenin yapisi ve anlami etkendir (ave). Ancak bu fillerden sonra ‘yerb_Ing galrse, comienin yaprsi etken (active) ama ania edilgendir (o252ive). + Jane's father is opposed to men with long hair so if Jack wants to marry Jane, he noods (© change her father's prejudice against him (active meaning). + The growing number of attacks against members of the press in Hong Kong needs ‘aking serlusly by the local ‘administration (passive meaning). * Allthe novels roquis transiting. Ces Gokge Is talking about her favourite hobby. At the age of six oF seven, | as given a baseball and a couple of bats as a present. The next day, my father ok me to the local club. There, | mot the coach and was invited to Join his junior class and, afterwards, the underten team. Nov | play every Saturday moming and several weekday evenings as wel. My game Is improving all the te, mostly because of my finess and active ifstyle- I con't ike siting around doing nothing. Then there's the socal sida. The club is uses by hundreds of people and there's always a chance yout come across someone you know. For example, while I vas practising there last week, | caw an old friend from school for the frst time in years. ‘Ihave been teaching / have taught at this echo! n Milan fever since | gave up my Job as an accountant In London. | wasn't hapey working in an offies and | was looking for something a bit more exciting. | oot this job and left England Immediately. It was @ big culture shock at firs, especially because I isn't speak / couldnt speak a slngle word of Klin, Fortunately, everyone vas really nice to mo and 1 know the bss of the school because we had already been introduced at the interview in London. Now, five years later, tm very comfortable in my ite here. | love the weather, the culture and the people. The job is going very well | also have a gifiend called Maria, who is teacher at the school. We have known ‘each other for over three yaars but we have only been going ‘out together for a couple of months. The worst thing about living abroad is that fm away from my family, The last time | ‘Saw my parents was in August of this year. I miss them a lot but | dont think Il move back to London. Milan is my home ‘Yukarcok! parge rooelern lalla yerle ikea alinarake cokanmalidt, Cmleler arainds zaman uyumianna de eikket ediimeliaic NEW WORDS: take atmak, gbtarmek gveur - birakmaly terketmek ‘accountant: muhasebech look tor aramake because Sebepanlstan bir balacae ould | con nie derece ps hal, Mukted olmak also " ulundugu cimieye kendisinden nce igelen comienninanlamna ge parale bir anlar katar alot endisinden sonra savabilen ya da saylamayan bic sim gel, ‘he last time zaman zar simple pas tense in yaaa sgerekeri Introduce tanigtrmakNicalik bidren soma, any, much, many, a lot of, ots of, no gi ‘sézeiklere quanifers deni. no + isim + Noearis 100% safe. none of + determiner + isim ‘+ None ofthe students answered my questions. of the quostions they asked at the interview was ‘what | expected. 'A) Some / more ) Any / about ‘Acikiama: 8) Each such C) Al/so as ) None / quite Ikinci bosluija more, such, so 2s ve about yapilan gelemez. Bu yapilar yardimoflden sonra kullanimaz. Quito iladesinin tam ve oldukea anlamlannds Kulamai unutulmamaliir Dodru segenk E. none of +zamir ‘+ None of us was greeted warmly ‘lumi comiclorde salable coGul similar Kalla ‘There are somo studenis inthe clas. ‘Olumiu comieterde sayslamayan isimierte birlikte kullanutr, '+ There is some mil in the bot. Egor soru clmlesinin cevabi “ever iso somo soru comlelerinde lala ‘+ Didrt your father give you sore money? (I think he did.) “Rica” cimlelerinde cevap evet ise sore soru camielerinde sulla ‘Shall send some details for holiday’ Belirsiz bir kgyl ya da belisiz herhangi bir ey fade ederken keller ‘+ Some lucky person will win more than $3 000 000 In the ‘competion. + Soins isos broken the vase! ‘+ There must be some way you can persuade your father. of the Information he gave me was Unfortunately out of date. A) Themmore 8)None C)Many 0) Some) Another Agikiama: ‘A segene@l the more... the mor... dlagisine uymadi ein, BB segenaginin ve soru camiesinin anlami olumsur oldugu: ‘gin, © segeneg! sayilablen goGul Isimiarde kullanidi ign ve E segenedi of tamiamasi ile kullanimadigi gin yaniighr Dogru segenek D. alot of / lots of + sayilamayan / saylabiten cog isim + Alt of time is requited to leam a language. + There is ois of toa in the pot a great deal of + sayilamayan isim ‘+ Myson has spent « groat deal of ima watching TV. large number of + gogul isim ++ Hor childron have a large number of problems to solve. plenty of + sayilamayan / cojulisim * Last year, that schaot had pleniy of sludents (lumi ve soru simisleinds hig nlamind kullaniir + ls thor any ofthat lomon cake lett? + There was hay any (04 feftby th time we got her. + A there ery books In yourbag? (lumii ctmlolerda “herhang! bi anlaminda Kula ‘Anyody, anyone, anything ve anywhere yapilan herhangi bir anlaminda kullu ‘Any food would be better than nothing a al. ‘+ Which of these cakes may the children eat? Avy. + There were alot of computers atthe exhibition, ‘which would have suited me. ny (one) of + You can sit anywhere you tke. + He helps anybody who needs. any + comparative form of adjectives ‘+ My father doesn't ook any younger than me, (36)st em in f z + He spent li ie in German Gok anlaminda kullanilr. Olumsuz) ve Soru cimlelerinde : saylamayanisimler Klan «Sho han crural the mie * My deter ave eas (er) much. bt ake seam te alan | + Lam not going to have another piece of cake, * Is there any water loft? Not much + Can you give me a date for anoiner appointment '* Because of the storm, we couldn't spend much of the day see -_ eae another + few + cogulisim 100 + much + sayilamayan ism ‘+ We need ancthor (ow days to finch this report + She spends ico such monay on unnecessary things. | 4 We bought ancter iow novels for our chide. + ere kro that etnies can eons fo Pea disease, party because can alse ood pressure but lo | because pope may deal wih sess in unheany Ways For the business to be really successful team by smoking oF drinking ‘oo much alcohol, or example. ‘work is essential and the members of the team must be ‘supportive of ‘much + comparative sifat A)each of them 8) the others ©) themselves 1+ This computer Is much more expensive one another E) the other one: + itis clear that much more needs to be done to combat the root causes of poverty itwe are to improve the prospects for Aciklama: {everyone Iving in Scotian. ‘Soru cimlesinde bir iste gerpekten baganii olabilmek igin taki geligmasinin gereki odugundan ve takim dyelerinin Ns birblrlerini desteklemeleri gerektinden bansedimektedtr kierde veriln ifadlerin anlamian eikkate lindane Gok ariaminda hull. Ofumsu2 ve (eons eimielerinde | Sefenekerde vorion fadeleinanlamian dkkate alnaiinds flan. SEE + dont have many oothes. + Not many people have heard of him both (of) + determiners + nouns + Are there many cars on the read? + Both (of) my parents cant alow me to go out on my own All (of) + determiner (he, my, this.) both of + pronouns + A(t) my fiends tke swimming + Both of hem gots up eat. + She hasnt yped al (ot the laters yet a + A) em will be invited to our wading caremony. + Wo both ke traveling. arr + You both look happy! +All students should be motivated tobe successful neither‘ tela sim +The dean isto meet al lcturers tomorrow moring. + "Can we hold the meeting on Tuesday or Fiday?" | am afraid eines cay Is impossible. ‘esne zamirler (us, him, me, ther.) + all neither of + determiner + gol iim + Nolther of my friends can design website * She sent an invitation card tous al, + Have you drunk tal? neither of + zamir ‘+ Noir of us le good at learning a foreign language. + She had £2000 under the bod and the thieves tooka few + gol isi Bir kag anfeminda kullanir. Olumlu cimielerde kullan ‘= Thave 2 fow fiends in Ankara, Ho was delighted to learn that people really ‘do appreciate his music. Aany B)itle§C)alitle §—O)afow —E) much Agiklama: A.B, Cve E segeneklersayilamayan isimlrtekullanimaktad Bogluktan sonra saylabilen gogul bir Isim geldigh igin dogju segenek D. alittle + sayilamayan isim COlumlu edimlode bieg anlaminda kullanil. + She has «lite time to finish the project. few + sayilabilen gogul isim ‘Not many anlaminda kullanir. Comieye olumsuz aniam kata + Few pollicians are really honest. ‘© Fow of the children can read or ute yet “The lecture he gave was highly complicated with the result that ‘people were capable of following It. A)lesser —B)afow C)few —D) more) most ‘Agikiama: Few + saytlablon cogullsimkalbr bulundugu cimleye olumsuz. ‘anlam verit. Bosluktan énce gelen cimiede, “onun verdii ugrewp simak “fsa sUrelziyarett bulanmak ray kapatinak, ay ddzeye gelmek2 Several experts were working on the project, and each | |More of determiners cul sim came up with some interesting proposals, and naturally anoditat meer iwiea. | + ore pple are glving up smoking. ‘+ Can Ihave some more ofthe green tea, please? A)many each B)some/itsC)we/t 4 doit tink any mo of them want to come Dyali/ ne ) each /is Acikiema: ‘most of + determiner / pronoun Birncl bogluge yanlacak ado He inci boshuga yazlacsk — «Sho has ypod most omy ato. iadenin alam agisindan bien ntelemesi gore. == ve stale tek yap. Dog sogenek E. + Ss! os failed t learn Engle. either + tell iim + Either cancisate would be ideal for the jb. + Would you lke the metal or plastic one? “Eihier wil do.” celther +zamir (us, me, them...) We are confident that the management and the workforce will get on well together so long as respects: > ° Ay the other/ancther —_B) bath seit * Ee Geer es arate ©)theone/ another Dy everyone/themseWves ——_aither « determiner + gol iim ) each / the other ‘+ Either of my English teachers will give a pop quiz to us. ‘Agikiama: Each Hades! soru comlesinde yer alan ine management (except ‘ne workorce ladoerini ntelemektedr. The othoriadost ile | ‘nlam acisindan uyustugu ign dog segenek Natositts Xyasrg aaegeet + She dows nothing xcept sep al day on Saturdays. Except + me, him, them... EVERY |} + Tne ehoren oid thelr homework except her. ‘every + tek iim except (or) + isi + The police want to inteview over omployee about the Bu yapi all, every, everthing, everybody, no, nothing, theft. anybody...gb|yapilata kulanlabi. + Every class is being painted now. | + ‘sh averting har lide eno twin beet watt | + Zawetsscton ihe eta ne + Every one ol Us has read hie wonderful books. except + prepositions + We washed every one ofthe plates yesterday. + Ifs.600| and quit everywhere except inthe kitchen ‘except + conjuctions: ‘every + ofl zaman ifadeleri + Ho is handsome oxcop! when he is angry. ‘+ Wo go for a walk every two days. + Tho oloction is hold overy tour years, “ee ‘We know nething atall about the company’s new chairman ‘that he's Just had his fiftieth birthday. eachother = one other | | A) since B) instead C) incase My daughter and phone one nether each other, creresaeiy, eta + They congruate each oti / one athe. fii ‘Agiklama: is a pe | A,B ve C segeneMlri ha yapia le kullanimadh gin yang. serisemie vs ds raniaten sobs ik sogenegi gartanlatig: icin yanighe, Except that + ciimle “We need more money tofinish tt siginda, haricinde kalibt nedeniyle dogra segenek E. is)PRESENT OF MODALS | ‘Bu bollimde present ve past anlarlan olan modal'ar incelene- ‘cok. Modal ann biden fazia kullanim yer‘er vardi. don’t have to Zorunluluk yok anlaminda kultanit. ‘+ You don't have to hep them. should / ought to Beklentiitade oder. ‘+ This book should / ought to be realy good. ‘Tavsiye ilado oder. + think we shoul / ough to talk the problem over with the ‘members of the board at the meeting Elegtir lade adr. ‘You shouldn't eat and drink so much late at night Bolirtzlikitade oder. + Should I leave these books on your desk? could be ‘Olasitk ifade eder. Ozelikle could modal na dikkat aciimos! ‘gerekmoktodir. Gunkti her gbréigamdz cowl, can modafinin bir derece past hal der. + She could phone me today. Olasilk ya da olanaksiziik lade eder. Statlarin ‘comparative halve kullamabii +The situation in which we are couldnt be worse. + Htcould be beter. Gnertitade eder. ‘+ We coule goto the cinema today. can Muktedir olmak anlaminda kullan. + can design a website, lest tade eder. + Youn be annoying now. ust Kigiselzoruntuluk fade eder + You ms do your homework regulary. Kesinlikitedo ede. + Tis most be my father's oar. (lam sure is) Yasakier fade eden tela. ‘= You musi’ cross the road when the ight is red. ant imkansizik taco oder. ‘This can't bo my notebook because mine is red. may / might lasik itade oder. + The committee may / might find a solution tothe pollution of the environment ‘BU ki modal! ir ile iclomatic Wadelerde kullanabili. ‘+ Try 2s wo mipht hard, we couldn't pass the final test. {although we tried hard, we couldn't pass the final test.) Iain fade oder. + Tay watch TV at weekends may as well might as well Yapilabilecek on iyi alternatit aniaminda kulamimaktadi. + The chairman isnot going to tum up for the meeting, 50 we ‘may as woll/ might as well tart,would | insanlann tipik ve sinir bozucu aligkaniklart anlatiirkon lla, ‘+ Ho woule have an aecident, wouldnt hot It is typical. Sbyleyen kisinin 6ngdrUsind fade oder. | + [ould go myself but 'm too busy. + Nobody would agree with the chairman. NOT: ould ve could un present anlamlarinn oldugu unutulmaraliir need Gorekiilik fade eder. Geneldo sont cUmileri ve ney ‘cimlalerde Kull “+ Need you make so much noise while | am studying? had better ‘Tavslye, Snort ade ede. * You ha® better (not) apply for this program. be bound to Golecek zamanda yoksek olasilik lace eder. + Itis bound to snow tomorrow. | be supposed to Gor tk fade oder. + You are supposed to be on time atthe board meeting PAST OF MODALS | had to justin i dorecepasthaic.Gegmig zamandakizorunilugy age oder, Ona gk ih "a od | + Sorry, 1am late. | ad to take my sister to the school | + She didnt have to work last weekend. should have + verb 3 / ought to have + verb 3 ““Beklent” fade eder. + The books you ordered last waek should have arrived by (Gecen hafta siprip voreigin ‘taplar gu ana Kader uzanmek cumple ~ yere aniden dgmek: stroke fel ty denemek, ulragmak bbe scary orkutucu like + isi /"gibP anlaminda benzerikanlatr stumble » tWkezlemek quality + yetert hale geimek / gotinimek yeter bulmak‘Muktedir olmak. * She-can design a website. ‘Teorik olaslik. + Anyone car make mistake lain, ‘You can smoke here. Rica. + Can you help me carry this bag? Tela. Can thelp you? Clumlu yaniehndaeylemin | fervekesmestiin olumsuz | ‘yazildsginda ise eylemin: gerceklestigini ifade eder. *Youshould have delivered | the project on time. | (but you didn’t do it) Gecmis zamanda sereeklegme imkiini vardi | lasik | CYeusnuldhaeaccdenifyoudkive || | caudinmesverea | 2 8ti#lermedanlaran i ae vert Olasicfadeeder. | | fla, \| + She coud nave cares for ‘Could youpassthe salt please? | | her sister task | (Olasikfade oder. may/ might. | +We probablyray go on holiday this | | | mayhnigt have ates | we me meray eee | Weeforweaie Kesinlik fade eder. | vow inst bor ane our ne musthaves verb3. | + Herst havo oaton the | Kesinlik, | cake. | I ee ees imkansizik, ifade eder. | | | Yasaklarda , | | * You mustn't eat red meat after Pecceeimeeereeey “MY brothercen'thave operation orken the vase as he was | atthe school. | Rica | * Vous you open the door fr me? Gegmis amanda | would Ongorii (type 2) gerceklesmeyen olaylan ifade | + You would look better with your new ae | hair. would have +verb 3 Ct + akan would have made ae | the hotel reservation. This flm shouldbe rally good. ne | Tye. should + She shoul nt spendher tine Multedir olmak aniaminda aaagre ‘kullarubr, Seatit, eee + She could swim when she + You shu native fast. You sit was 3 years old imkansizhic cautt + This book cant belong to me as erekllk fade ede. mines in my bag. Gerekilk. >a ay mate iat PS evresncer 00 toners. be supposed _Bekienti, gerekiilik. : + You are supposed to join the party. need have + verb 3 *You needn't have bought five packets of butter. We had enough it. hadto Must am br derece past halide, + You hat! o give your | application form til 4 o'clock.Celso (Gerunds fin ino aimig halt. Bu ng Itt cUmlede dene, sim yacde nesne olarak klar ‘+ Walking regulary is beniical for heath ‘+ dont enjoy smoking + She is afraid of swimming. ‘Yukandak bine! émekto walking camlanin Gznosi olarak kul- lamimigh. Ikinci comlede smoking, cdmlenin nesnesi olarak keullanlmigh. Ugtined ctimlode Ise svimming ism olarak kul- Farms. Agagidaki tabloda verien fillerden sonra gelen ikinel fil Gerune olarak yani ing liyaziimast gerekir. acknowledge | admit | advocate | anticipate appreciate avoid (|,) | consider | contemplate defer Seloy ery ise detest | escuss | pute endanger enioy envisage escape excuse ‘ancy favor finish | foresee forve 1 |imagine | include | involve sty “keep Sy [mean | mention mind | miss necessitate | parton postpone practice | prevent’ —_| prohibit propose | recall recollect | resume report resent resist. | suggest risk stop suffer Law The dean posivoned holding the meeting concerning elective courses. 4 Can you imagine ving in New York? ‘+ [tic having to get up early. + I don't fancy going out this evening. + Would you consiler buying that sports car? + She advocates taking a more long-term view. ‘+ She i talking about geting martied. + consider visting my brother this summer. + She enjoys snending his time reading novel daa ts ttt sal me I's no use: yaran yok. Its no good: yaran yok. es worth: a deer. | cant help: Kenai alamamak. ‘Thote eno point in: yaran yok, faydast yok. Fe! ike: cant istemek. Be used fo, get used to, be accustomed to, get accustomed ‘0’ eligtk olmak Look onward to: drt gbale bekKlemek Cont boar, cari stand: katianamamak, dayanamamak. ‘Object to: raza olmak. ‘They object o changing the date ot hofday in August. + Sho feels lke having lunch with her boy friend this weakend, + The fim is wort seeing + ook onwar! io going on holiday with you again, + She's eooustomed to getting up eatly + cat stand working in an off. + He cant bear smoking. + He sso funny that can't help laughing + t\sno use wating here any longer. ‘Sinaviarda kargimiza gkkan bazi 6z0ldurumlar vari. Ingilace- do baz! fillerdon sonra bir pronoun yani zamie gel. Ardindan [se ing Wfll ya da vorb 1 gel. Bu filer agagidaki tabloda si- ‘alanmaktadtr atch discover feel hear leave notice observe see watch spot find: + She saw me working n the garden. (0, beni bahede gaigiken gird.) + Iheard the baby crying, (Bebedin aplackgn: duycum,) ‘+The police watched thom entering the bank. *+ Did you hear the dog bang most ofthe night?”‘Yukaridakl comialer incelendiginde ino I fillerin etmleye continuous anlam! verdikler gérlimektede. Yukardak’ tabloda yer alan fillerden sonra *yalin bir fll" gelmesi eylemin ‘amamlandiguni lade ede. + We watch th a cross the fishing ine (Arabalann bi gan egtiinledK) 3 ill Sn aia pr ta asked them to pick it up. ‘Asaida veriion ézel durumiu yapilann bilinmest gerok- mektedir. © We ha fun listening to musi. ‘She fad a good! ime playing with toys in the garden. + We had trouble learning English, + Ihave never hed difculy diving a tuck, + Students waste ther time playing games. ‘+ He spent his money buying unnecessary things. ‘+ They are siting on their chairs reading the test ‘+ Shois ying on the beach reacing a novel Iki eylem de aynt zamanda gerceklestiyse + He avo nanging around win wrong peopl, (Yanhg insaniarla zamanin birlikte gegirmekten kagindi.) + He ecied bang soni ig Herd at he cme, (©, snomaca i arkadag BOnektn ag) +My tor uu 00 aig taka the that, Linoccvicensiclar ep deen mrdaca pyetiegneke tedir ve aniamlar alti. Ikinel cbmlede vol fiaden sonra being «verb gelerek comieye pasif aniam vermistir. iki eylem farkii zamantarda gercekiestiyss + recall having Ieamed to wat. (rtmeyi 8grencigimi hatriyorum,) + Sho mambors having been towed. (0 kendsine igkence yap gu an hair.) ‘Yukaridak! birinci cdmlede filden sonra having + vero S gel mist. Fille farklizamanlarda gergeklegmigtr ve anlam akit- ti kine! comlede ise naving bosn + ver® 3 filden sonra gele- | tek camleye pas anlam vermigtr. quire BE) iy tae pitaien met Desrate atm ‘+ This kitchen needs / requires / wants cleaning. (Mutfagin temizlenmesi gerekil) ‘© This kitchen needs / requires / wants to be cleaned, (Mutfagin temizkenmasi gerektl) ‘Yukaridaki her iki kalip da. kullamlabilir. Aniam agisindan bir farklan youtur. Nau Baz'filerden sonra gelen ikinc! fille, ‘0 + inllotive gekdiyle yaztr,yani © dan sonra fin 4. al gat. yj » Gano! olarak infnkive alan filler agatidakltabloda vorimisti advise |decte manage —_| seek wes ftom ney cae weltweit te alow dive ofr [nese appear [enable order tel [ize [Stine [pee |e believe, endeavor plan tend bother fail pledge threaten canafors fd prepare trouble tae (terce [pret tat cause happen proceed “undertake | Jeratenee |eestate [premise | pe ster, (ime maou | ee command | hope refuse | volunteer compel Invite remind (warn consent know require yr dere lea —_—|resove Initiates lar yo ‘Camienin dznesi olarak ‘+ To [oar English wells important. + To fly to London next week isnot my plan. ‘Yukandaki kt Grnokte cimleler ‘0 + finlive le baslayarak ‘comlanin dznost olarak kullanlmgt.Cimlenin nesnest olarak ‘+ She has decided io buy anew house. + We agreed io oo to the school party. ‘Yukaridaki iki @mekte deci ve egies filerden dolay, ikine filer fo + vert 1 olarak kullanimigh. ‘ira say! sifatlarindan sonra the first, the second, the third ..+ to + infinitive! + She isto second student to receleve the scholarship. ‘Noll Armstrong isto ist man to set foot on the moon. i i Following a noticeable improvement in the general economic scene, unemployment too, seems. ‘8 turn for the better. 1A) having taken, D) taking B)tohave taken C)to be taken E) to have been taken ‘Aciklama: Soru ciimlasinde yer alan soo fill to takisin alg iin A ve D soganekler yanligtr. C ve E segeneKeer! pas olduklan gin aniam agisindan yanligr. To have + ver 3 kal bulundugu ‘imlede ya present perfect tonse I ya simple past tonse Iya da past perfect tense | lade etmektedr. Bu soruda present perfect lense | Made ettig icin dogru sepenek B. "you ask me, they seem to the takeover for quite some time now. A) have to contemplate ) contemplate C)have been contemplating _D) be contemplated ) have been contemplated Agiktama: ‘Sou cimlesinde yer alan for uite some lime now zaman iter deal to have +verb 3 /to have boen + verb -ing to have been + verb 3 Keliplanndan birsin gerektirir. Soru cUmlesi ania agisindan aki oldugu iin dogtu sagenek C. ‘The last, the only to + infinitive + The hostess was the only porson to survive in the akerash. ‘Superlative form of adjectives + to infinitive ‘The cheapest place to have lunch is this restaurant. ++ Do you know the best hotel to stay in Bodrum? | Isimiercen sonra to + infinitive | + ‘ly sl apply for this program sto enhance my aby. | + Hor esire to learn Malian is very strong. | | ‘to + infinitive’ amag antatir ‘= am saving money io buy a house. (Bir ev almak iein para birktiiyorum) ‘+ They stood upto see the parade better. enough + to infinitive + She fs strong ens lit that able, | (0, masaykaldirmak iin yotorinca kuwet) + Lam rich ugh to buy a lumury car. too sifat/ art to + infinitive ‘+ She is too young to ive a car (Araba stremeyecsk kadar gok gens.) | + He studies too hard to pass her exams. Sifatiardan sonra to + Infinitive * tis impossible to oo on holiday this summer. + She is ceriain to stop smoking. Infinitive + be + verb 3 ve infinitive + have been + verb 3 + She deserves io be appointed tothe board + He acknowledged io have been warned of the ‘thundorstorm, ‘and, of, except, but ve than + fill | would Ike te lie down and reac a book Do you want to go shopping or stay at home? He had nothing to do exco9t rob the bank. ‘We must not complain about the problem, bu elo to put it | Tight. NEW WORDS: ‘cutdowe on smlmak op non———belleniimesic br eke are etme got long 07 Wh Wgepnmek anlage ep up with fa yeigmek deal wih nalletmek, nanan gelmek | | geter ima etmek /lagmak getover drums vine sitmek jpinin taimak make for -2dogru gtk %)(- ED) VE (-ING) ILE BITEN SIFATLAR Fillerin sonlanna 2c ve _ing lave edilere, ciimleigersinde ‘fal olarak kullaniar. Astin bo eaten Kole lf. fer anmianan i, © eylemin gergoklegmesine neden oluyorsa na, tanimlanan {sim o eylemden stisleniyorsa cd talast alr “+ My work oxcitos me. (Igim beni heyecanlandinyor) ‘+ ‘The lesson bores us. (Bu dors bizi sixyor.) + My work is exciting. (igi heyecan vere.) + This lesson is boring. (Bu ders sik.) + Hmade me oxcited. (Beni heyecanlancira.) + We are Loved with the lesson. (Biz bu dersten sic) = My holiday was rolaxing. | feel wlaxed now. + Sho is tio because she had a ving day. ‘= The news surprised everyone. ‘= Itsnotsurprising (thal) you're putting on weight, considering how much you're eating, ‘= We were vary surprised at the result ‘+ Shall puton a video to use the kids while we're packing? = Your story was amusing. ‘+ She was very amused! by /t your comments. * His expianation soisied the cour. + tis very satisving to know that the project was a success. Are you satstod with the new arrangement? + only got marriad to please my parents. +The music was very pleasing to the ear. ‘+ Pm really pleases with your work this term. Not: -ino lle blten sifatiar, eylamin devam elmekte oldujun -09 ile bien sifatlar ise eylemin tamamianmig oldujunu ifade der. + Ieed some boiling water for macaroni (Makara igin kaynamakta olan az suya Ihiyacim var) ‘+ Ineed some boiled water for macaroni. (Makara igin biraz kaynamig suya Inlyacim va.) + Ineed some boiled water to make tea. (Gay yapmak ign biraz kaynamis suyaintiyacim va * Britain is an ageing society, + Increased prices are making food vary expensive. ‘+ Developed countries wl hold meeting conceming economic oro ‘+ The damaged! roof ofthe house was repaired LINKING VERBS — story, ‘Agagidaki tabloda fillerden sonra sifatlar yaygin bir gekilde kullaniimaktacir, Bu fillerden sonra gelen sifalar, sifat fil ype. appear be become feel all oct grow keep look remain. tum seem small sound taste ‘+ Ho always gets annoyed before the exams. (0, sinavlardan énoe daima sini olur) You look shocked. ‘The students looked perplexed, 50 the teacher tied to ‘explain once again. This room smalls nice. + The price seemed lov. + The milk wert sour. (Sat ekgic.) ‘+ That the leaves turn yellow means winter. (Yeprakiann sararmasikig aniamina goli:) Look, feel, taste, smell, sound filler ike Ho kullanirea, ardindan “si gal. look like + noun “benzemek, ellen. gib| gbranmek" anlaminda ++ The kakapo may ust ook lke an enormous budgie, but it ‘smells lke swoct meadows. + You jookike a clown, fol lke + noun "gibi hissetmek, .. gibi durmak” anlamunda sella “You must foo ko a boss in this fm taste ike + sin Nadh..ye benalyoranlamna kullaru + | got white pudding from a fim in Lancashire and it estes ‘ikea really nice Cumberland sausage.‘mel ike + isin *.glbl Kokmak" anlaminda kul + The kakapo may just look lke an enormous budgie, but it ‘omells Ike sweet meadows. sound ke + sim. kulaga gibi goliyor" anlarinda kullu. + The idea of a ginger festival may sound lke litte more than 1 bit of fun, but when 9.000 redheads came together i became a bonding experience. + This food smalls lke a rotten egg. * ict lke the tomato soup. It asies like a syrup to me. ‘Anxious sfat olarak ik! anlar kullani. + Poople ara increasingly axils abou (= worried about) the cost of health care. + ied to figure out the program anxious, “Anxious sf biinc! cimlede “kaygil, enciget kulanirken, Ikine! climilede “karmagik, zor” antaminda kullanlmgt Jovolvod eat olarak iki anlama golmektodir, ‘+ Tho conference was excellant, and | would ike to thank all the people involves. * The plot ofthe fim was too involved - couldn't understand i ‘volved erat Brin! cGmlede “igi aniamunda kullanuimisken, kine! eOmlede "zor" anlaminda kullarulmist. (Coneoxned sifat olarak ikl arlamda kullu. + Pmabbit concemed about or your health, ‘+ itwas quite a shock for everyone concerned. ‘Concemad sift biinc! cmlede *kaygit” anlarninda Kula migken, tkinol cimilode iso “ig” anlarminda kutartmigr Alreid, alarmed, amazed, angry, annoyed, ashamed, astonished, aware, concerned, delighted, disappointed, glad, (unjhappy, pleased, shocked, sory, upset, worried, certain, confident, positive, sure sfatanindan sonra that ardindan is bir comle gelebil. + She was sure that he was right + Lam certain that she will pass the exam. Sinavlardéa reken sifatlar ve aldiklan edat/lar ‘Acoustomed! to am accustomed fo your unusual behaviour, Airaid of ~——- Many people are afraic ofthe dark ‘Amazed by They were amazed by the strange decision. Angry at Children often get angry et their parents. Anory with Children often get angry with their parents. ‘Annoyed at Was annoyed at the decision. ‘Annoyed with [wa annoyed with my boss. ‘Ashamed of Sha was esharec of her behaviour, Atiachec 10 | am quite attached to my dog. ‘Aware.of We must be aivere of what our competitors are doing. Bad at He fs bad at football Basedon The story was base on fact Soredby The audience was completely bores by the | terrible speech. Copable of Theyare capable of very good performance, Careful ot Always be carelul of strangers. Certain of We are certain of a good result. Clever at very clever st mathematics. CContsnt with Nigola is not content with her purchase. Different ftom This shirt i litferent from that one. Ditforont to This shirt literent to that one. ESigbie for He Is elisibie for promotion in two more years. Escontial to Hard works essential to success. ‘Excited about 1am realy excited bout the move. Famous for Japan is farous for great food, Good at Mr, Tamura is oo at judo, Interested in Many foreigners ara iniorested in Japanese culture, Late tor Don't be ite for work. Made of My lacket is made of leather. Necessary for A deposits ieceesary for egourty reasons. Perfect for That patis perfoct ior cooking stow. Peesed about He is really pleased about his promotion,“on Proitabioto Low salons proforabeto no salen oes TGR. Roady for With the new computer systom, we (npedl 9 Be realy for emergencies, Zesfla,bireylemin nasil yapidin fede eder. Zaar, zaman ‘Riespanssbie for Who is responsible for these mistakes? | Zarh hal zart, yer zarf, sikhik anlatan zarflar ve derece anlatan ‘Salisfied wih Is everyone satisfied vith their inner? Zarflar olarak kargimiza gikar. Sele trom Ke@p children sate rom danger. ++ The people who workin that hospital alvays talk pololy to Similerto This dog is similar to that one. patients, Sony for Lam sorry for being late. + We have done our homework quickly. Surprised by Was surprises by the new productiine, | She drives the ear carey Worried about am worried about a major earthquake, ‘Early, fost, har late Hadelerinin stat ve zart bigimleni ayn. + you tinish cary you can go home, (Zar) DOUBLE COMPARATIVES - + Fm going to have an carly night. (Sifat), CCtiminin baginda comparative bir yaps varsa ger cimled® «im not gurpsed he falled his exam he dant exactly try comparative le baslar. vonieal 2a ee + oh, youre hart woman, Janel (Set) (No kadar fala yorsen, o kad ea gigmaniarsin) +The longer I camry this bag, the avr it becomes, + The fisher the fut (is), the better it tastes. too + sifat/zarfyto + verb 3 ‘Bu kalip cimleye olumsuz antam ver. Tt was foolish of mo to turn down such an offer in fact think about, {regret + moo fatto play footbal, A) as much /so much more —_B) the more / as much (Futbol oynayamayacak kadar gigmarum.) (©) much /@s much ) the most/so much -* ‘|! ean'treach the shelf-Ifs foo hgh to reach. 5) the move he moro | + tis oo cot tay. More than anh Aetiomne: = You are driving too siow\y. Soru cimlesinde bog biraklan yerlere bakiciginda camio paslannin bose gbrdime\ted, Bu dizgye uyan 700 tek bapina bir fil itelayemez, ancak ioo much geklinde coripeniilees niteteyeb *+ ‘She smokes joo much like + Heim : glbl anlamina geli,kiyasiama (benzorik) aniatr. 1+ He works ko @ farm horse. | Fish farming in the world seems to be destined to expand, ‘+ He cooks ike his mother. but it is carly to predict the likely extent of ‘growth inthis field. as ¢Isim: “serek, -arak” aniamina goli. Aya well B) enough 6) too ‘+ He works as @ waiter. (Ho I a walter) Dyas ) so far ‘very: Genelde, very sifat ve zarflann Gndande kullu sania + She writes English very wel, | Too «stat zart +10 verb 1 Kali nedenivie dogma segenek C. + Ho is very young.The project he has in mind is complicated to be feasible. A) very 8) to0 Oso D) such Eas Agia Too + sifat/zart+ fo ver 1 Kalb nedeniyio ‘dogru sopenek B. ‘Today the expansion of knowledge in astronomy, physics, chemistry, and biology Is vast and complex, and multiplying quickly to be mastered fully. A) so that B)justas/as ©) as well/ as 2) 0/80 ) 100/t00 ‘Agikiama: Sonu ciimlesinde birinci bosluktan sonra gelen sifatiann ve ikinci bosluktan sonra gelen zat dikkato alinmasi sgorekmektodi. (00 + sfat /zarf + 0 ver’ 1 kaliby nedeniyle dogru segenek E, ‘Some of the board members are convinced that the price quoted Is. high to be accepted, A)more —B)so—C) tle D)too Eas Agikiama: ‘Soru cimlosinde tok eclen fyatn kabul edlemeyecek kadar yyoksek oldugundan bahsedimektedi. Too silavzart + to + ‘verb 1 kalibi nedeniyle dogru secenek D. ‘00 many / oo few + salabiler gout sim + He doesn't feel lonely, because he has foo many fiends. + The benefits ofthis scheme are too fon, ‘00 much / too little + saylamayan isi * can't wait you now, because I avo fo lita time + spend too much money on clothes. far /a it / litle / rather / much +100 ‘+ This shirts lite too small for me. ‘+ This playground is rnuch (oo large for my sister. ‘+ The weathors rather too rainy to go out. *+ There wore far oo many fans atthe match, + There were fa too many students for such a smal case + Its rainer too cold today, anti + Tho dress sbi iso big for mo + This ats much to small fr us. very +sifat /zart ‘Very come “Gok’ anlar: vor. + Today s very ht. Lets go swimming + Thisteatis very sifu. (High degree) + You are drinking very quickly. ‘enough + isim ‘+ have enough money to buy @ house, Je thore enough water to eink? sifat /zarf + enough ‘+ Hes strong enough to Mt that table. ‘+ Tho store has not isa enough computers for us. + You are diving fast snough, ‘enough + zamir ‘+ We haven't bought enouch of them. ‘enough + determiner + (sifat) + sim ‘+ The final exams were dificult. We couldn't answer enouch of the questions, + Thave got enough of those new potatoes, ‘enough + to verb 2 *+ Would you be good encuish to take my bag upstairs for me? *+ Shes old enough fo do what she wants NEw worps: ‘hi oidurmak ‘give up bbrakmak, terketmek ‘accept kabul etmek pansion genisleme .BD) Apperenty hettk held between the two governments concerning the prevention of druparsicking have not teen conetructve to produce any postive rem, A)|ust B)aswell C)also —D) enough E) so that, Aciktama: ‘o takasit alan tek segonek D. ‘An hour after the accident he was conscious to describe how It had happened. ‘A)enough 8)more G)aswell D)somuch E)faitly ‘Agiklama: ‘Soru ciimlesinde bos biraklan yer enough to + verb * alibin gerektrdigl iin dogru segenek A. He Is diplomatically qualified ‘0 negotiate for a | mutual reduction of the armed forces in the region. | Ajenough B) though ‘Acikiama: C)aswellas D)notonly E}also “To edatint alan tek yapi A segenegindeki sroush yaprsidr. Dog saganok A. Gzelikle 28, sayfadaki sifatlann ald edatlann bilinmesi, YDS sinavlannds reposition Jala igi sorulanm sBatiminde kolaylik saBlayacaker, ‘enough + for + object + infinitive ‘+ tis cheap enough for us to buy i. Barely, harcly, litle ve scarcely zarflan cimleye olumeuz alam veri ‘+ He's only two - you can scarcely blame him for behaving badly. + You can holy expect a pay ree when you've only bean \orking forthe company for two weoks! Awfully, badly ve trrbly zalan "very, very much* aniamunda llr, + She auvilly wants to have her own at ‘+ Lam terribly upset by the news. FAIRLY / QUITE / RATHER Fairy, quite ve ratier zarlan genelde vurgu ania. imal bu zarfiar tek tak incsleyelim, faity + quite + rather. fairly Sifat ve zarflarniteler. Cimieye olumiv anlam katar. Bunu iki ‘mek izah edelim. + Youare fairy nice. + Youare fairly clever. ‘Ageia yor alan iki cOmie kargimizdak insana soylenirse fey rin cimleye katt aniamdan delay: pek memnun kalmazir + "How was the exam?" Fairly good. Not best one | have seen this year. 4 Mis tally warm today. (not cold, not hot) + Sho speaks English faiiy well | “Oldukga” anlaminda kullanir ve ieriyden daha guest. ‘+ How was the joumey? Itwas quite good. quite + sifat/zart + tis quite warm today. Let's have a walk. ++ She hasbeen in England forve years, so she speaks English gute wot, + They behaved cule cleverly lastnight, ‘quite + verb + The students quite enjoyed themselves at the garden party ‘quite=completely (tamamen) + fil /sifat + dont quite know what to say, + ren quite cau what she said. | +The two stations are uile erent ‘quite + superlative form of adjectives ‘+ thwas quite the worst lm I have ever seen, ‘+ The people who would normally expect that “copy shop" ‘would be different from ‘coffee shop" are cule confused ‘when they enter an area where both are pronounced with the same vowel.___appreciate the risks involved in entering the competitive world of automobile manufacture. Probably they didn’t A) too, Agikta Segeneklere bakidiginda Ozno le il arasinda sadece «lle yapist kullaniimaktadir. Quite yapist bu soruda arm anlaminda kullanulmgtie. Dogru segenok B. B)quie C)more—D)so Eas rather (Ol¢ukes anlaminda kullanir ve Quic'dan daha gupludr. rather + sifat/zart + The student anewered the question «citer sleepily. + Trathor doubt Fl be able to come to your wedding party. rather + ver ‘© He :ainoralstkes washing the dishes, rather + comparative form of adjectives + tis rath hotter day. + Lam rather move optimistic about the eurozone than a lt of people in the UK, Father than “den zlyade, yerine" anlarunda kala + The weather is rainy. | would ike to stay at home rather than go-out ' Like cooking rather than washing the dishes. + However, the year-on-year comparison is calculated slightly itferently by the two lenders. The Halifax compares the previous three months withthe same three months a year eatller to give a smoother comparison, var han @ direct ‘comparison ofthe equivalent months. Activists are those in political movement who Insist on taking active steps towards their objectives ‘merely putting toward an action programme. Alin order 10 D)in that 8B) rtborthan ©) as far as E) solong as. Aika In orsar to vert 1: Amag anlatan bir baplagti. ‘ether than + vert_ing: «den zlyade antaminda kul ‘95 far as: Genelde “as faras X... concerned! Kalb ile kul, in fat Sebep anlatan bir baglaghr. COmle ortasinda kullamiir, kenelsinden sonra bir comle gel so long as: Sart ve zaman baplact olarak kullanil. Genelde kendisinden sonra ciimle gol. Yukanda verlen baglactarin kellarum yerer dikkate alindijinda dog segenek B. Soru.kéklerinde yer alan bosluklann Oncasinde ve ‘sonrasinda yer alan ifadelerin analiz,sorularin gdzdmond kolaylastracaknr. ‘STRUCTURES USED WITH ADVERB AND ADJECTIVE Sfat ve zarlarla kullamlan bell yaplar vardr, Bu yapilann sinaviaréa gkma olasiigi yOksokt. Comparative Sifat THAN Kiyaslama anlatan bir kalipt. ‘The fundamental problem for North Africaisthat the region has: people the arid environment can support. ‘A)notonly/ but also B) so many/that ©) such /as D) more f than ) as much /as Agiklama: |A segenegi paral bir Kullanim: gerektirdigi icin yang. B segenegi kalip olarak uymakiacir ama anlam agrsindan yanligur. E segenegindeki much sayllmayan bir isim tle kullani. Dogjru segenek D. Butterflies have some characteristics that are. professional sciontists to understand enthusiasts. A) easior/than B) the easiost /as C) as easy /s0 Dj soeasy that Easiest ke Agiktam B,C, EveD segenekierhigbirkalibauymamaktadir. Asegenedi kayaslama aniatan bit kalipit, "KelobeKlerin bazi dzollideri ‘vara, ki bu 62ollkier_amatérlerden ziyade profesyonel bilim fadamlarnin anlamasi daha kolayéir.” Dog segenek A.France is @ large country and, although it has over 56 million Inhabitants, Is ‘densely populated ‘most of Its western European neighbours. A)so/ that D) ether /or Agiktama: ‘A sogenedi *.. so sifat / zarf that + eiimle” kalbina uymamaktadir. 8 segenegi ise highir kalba uymad igin yanlisi, Dve E segenekler paralel bc kullanim gerektiraiigin ‘yang. °S8 milyon Ozerinde nifusa sahip olmasina tagmen, Fransa genig bir Gikedr ve batt Avrupalt Komgularindan daha az youn ndfusiudur.” Dog segenekC. B) more /as ©) less /than ) not ony / but ‘as + sifat/ zarf as +isim / zamir / cme ‘© She is as clever as her friends in her lass. *# Le00k food 28 wel 2s @ cook + Thenovers as good as | expected. ‘Sugars not mentioned as cisaiy 2s the low fat -that's why ‘experts warn against relying on the ads. ‘Wade out of metal so that It conducts the char the lightning rod Is usually located high possible because of lightning’s tendency to strike the nearest object to it. A)so/as Dp both /and gitar: High sifannin Gnoesl ve sonrasi bogaltimistr. D ve E ‘soponokior paral! bir yap le kullaniikian igin yang. Sonu ‘comlesind kayasiama antatimacig igin C segenay} yang. ‘Sort elmiosinde bog birakilan dizgi cikkato alind\ginda A ve B segenekleti cikkate alinmalidir. so sifat / zarf as dizgis! olumsuz cOmllerde kullanirken 2s sift / zarf as dizgis! ‘olumiu cdmisterde kullaniimaktadir. DOGru Segenek 6. B)as/as—C) moro/than E) not only / but also nol +08 sifat / zarFas ot+ so sift /zart as. (Otumsuz comislerde "not + so sifat/zart.as .* kalibi daha ‘gokttorcin ediimektedir. ‘+ My daughter is not as / so stubuorn as a mule. (&izim bir kalir kadar inatt degli.) half, twice, three times, . eighttimes as sitat/zarf as 1 The shirts twice 2s cheap as that blue shir. + Team four times as much as my wife does. 80 sifat /zarf that ciimle ‘Sebep sonug aniatan bir kelipur. TH/AT'den sonra bir cimie goligi unutuimamali ‘= He is co caver that he eid not make any mistakes in the final exam, ‘She speaks English so careluily that she seldom makes mistakes. Private investments play Important a part Im the country’s long-running economic expansion ‘no government dares to Increase taxation on personal savings. BB) such /as_C) much/so 5)as/as |) too / that D) s0/ that ‘Agikdama: "Sout sifat + that + commie" kalibi nedeniyle dogju segenek D. ‘The very idea of establishing a iterary “canon” has become _ controversial that the people running the Library of America have wisely avoided using the term. Ajtoo B)as —C)such_—-D)so.E) more Agikiama: *So + sifat/zart + He! + cimle”kalibina uyan tek sepenek D. _ such sifat tamlamasi that eiimle ‘Sebep sonue anlatan bir klipe. THAT Hadesindan sonra bir ‘comle gelaig)unutuimamali ‘+ has such a\cold day that we stopped playing, + tis such an important meeting that everyone in the company wil join. + Women drive such great care that they rarely have sccldents, Obtaining nutrients is of both individual organisms and ecosystems ae structured around the contral theme of nutrition, the process of taking in and using food. vital Importance '8) more than ) much ike ‘Agikiama: Sonu comiesinin birinc! bosluguna sfat tamlames: gelmip. ike! boglukta cmie elcupu ign. dogu sepenck B. BB) such /that__ ©) s0/.as E) either /or‘such + sifat+ isin *+ Ihave never seen such & rive beac + Hels such afoot, so any (ee +saylabilen gojulisim jh=) + etimle |S much | e+ saytlamayan isle =| + eimle + She has so Iitle patience that she can't put up with any noise. * There are so many cars on the toss hat eat park my ca. Human activity has destroyed plant species that collective action Is essential for tho conservation of those that remain. A) more 1) the most 8) somany —C) many more E) as mary Agikiama: "SO MANY sayllabilen gogul isim THAT etme" kalibindan dotay: dogru segenek B. More than 28 million Africans are now Infected with HIV, and the disease Is killing ‘Africans all the continent's wars combined. A)somany/as 8) ether/or C) more/ than D) not only /but also) both /and Agikdama: B, D ve E sacenekier paral bir kullanin gerekticig ign Yanlistir. A segeneginde yer alan co / as kalibt olumsuz ccomlelerde kullanldidi icin yanligtir. Soru cUmlesinde yasiama anlatligs icin dogru segenek C. “much, far, a litle, rather, any, all the, lo, a great deal, ‘considerably, sgnicanty, eveh ve no" zarflarindan sonra ‘comparative sfat gelebil. Baz! derece aniatan zarlar, comparative sifatlann Ondnde kullanlarak vurgu anlatir. YDS sinaviarinda bu konudan soru oimigtr + Any devaluation of Turkish lira would make It even more ificut to keep infation low. ‘This caris far bettor than my old one, + Is your father feeling eny bette ater his lness? ‘+ She has lost ten Klos in weight and she feels altho titer forit + The exam is po more cifiul than the tests they've been doing in class. ‘+ Ho's consierably (attr than he was when we knew him. | He aid better in the interview | any of the other applicants, AA) much Jas ) st / with B) rather / than ) far/trom O)as/for ‘Agiktama: Kargilagttmali sifatiann nine cabor ve far vurgu amagl olarak kullanidigi ign B ve D segenekierinin cikkete falinmas gerekiir. Ancek soruda kiyaslama aniatidigt gin stra segonek ical times there were people with ‘ethical approach to education than one can find in our B) most ©) more E) much | Soru ctmlesinde yer alan shan itadesi bir kyaslama anlatgi | isin dogeu segenek C. I've given up expecting them to act sensibly, but thelr } behavior on this occasion we Irrational than & usual, ' 2b Aithemost B)somuch ©) even more i D) ever so E) the more Agiktama: ‘Soru eiimlesind yer alan ian Hades! kiyastama anlttigt iin dogru seganek C. Comparative sifatian daha vurguiu ifade ‘etmek igin even kullaniimaktadr superior to whites in performing the most crucial and dlfficut tasks Is demanded by our society. A) also Dj only B)more even Eas Agikiama: Kargilagtirmalisitatin ond bosaltildigigin dogru segenek C. ‘Gute; much, very. by far + supetative iat + They are by far he bos! students in the cass. + She's uch the best person forthe ob, | + This sino very bos! chocolate cake I've ever tasted, + Sho always leaves har homework oho vory ast moment. + Itis quite the worst homework | have ever read.Of the rock samples wo have so fer worked on, this is probably Juable. ‘Ajthe most B) most. C)many _D) Ite) least ‘Agikiama: *O/-+felm Kalb superatifbiryepiy: gerektir.Sorucomisinde “uzerinde caligtigimiz kayalannigerisinde, bu muntemelen en aymeti olanidir*fadost yer almaktadw. Dog segenek A. far reaching the benefits of the new policy may ‘be, the country quite simply cannot afford it. A) Whatever: 0) Wherever 8) However ©) Whatsoever ) Whenever Actklama: “However + sitat/ arf" kab: nedeniyle dofiru ségenek B. | Today the United States, still by far prosperous country in the world, Is Increasing its working hours creating a more positive balance between work and lelsure time. AA) the more/as well as) the most/instead of C) most ‘in spite of |) the /justas ) more than ‘Agiktama: 18y far + supenietve etfat kab: nadeniyle dotiu sopenok B. Of all the medicines we have tested, this is obviously ‘tfective. A) much Dpalitte B)more ©) the most Bless ‘Agiktama: 0} + godul sim” kali “superatve" bir sfatn yazilmasin gerekte. Sou ctmlesindeki Yast eign tactannigeisinde bullag en olsii-” Hades! nedoniyla dobeu segonek C. \Vory much /much Szneyle fil arasinda kullariabilr ''dvory much tke to visit them sometime, fm very much aware ofthe problem. ‘She much regrets what you have done, ‘vo (oven + sifat / arf + Gane + il ‘+ How badly she dresses, she attracts many people. ‘+ How (ever) hot the room is, do not open the windows. hard he works, he'll never be the equal of his Tather, he’s not capable of it A) So. D) Whatever B) However 0) As E) Just as ‘Agiklama: However + sifat/zarf kali neceniyle dogru sepensk 8. How (ever) ifedesinin Noun Clause'lu cmlelerde kallarldiinin, “however” baglacinn bir sentence “connector olarak de kullaleiinin bilinmes “gerekmektedi ‘The judge ruled that the evidence given by the witnesses at the trial was not substantial the doctor guilty of negligence. to prove A) already ‘Agildama: "Sitat « cnough + 10 + vero 1 kali nedeniyle dora segenek C. B) alright ©) enough D) fairly) stl We've had some pretty good directors over the years: but Dr. Radoliff is ‘the most capable of them, A) by far Bjoverall ©) justs0 D) as much ) too much ‘Agiktama: '5y fev fades! *euperatve" sifatiann 6ninde ‘vurgu” anlatan bir Ifadedir. Dogju segenek &.YDS sinaviannda gart anlatan cimieciklore likin sorular {gramer kisminda ya da yarim biraklan cimloleri tamamiama kisminda sorulmaktadi. ne Typed: a " o + present tense, present tense ++ present continuous tense, present tense + present perfect tense, present tense ala dogi durumiar lla, late ‘+ {Fite reining heavily, it means that you shoud take your umbretia ‘you hav finshed your food, you can watch TV, II you workclate, you ars tired. on uture it + present tense, will + verb 4 Gorgek durumlar_anlatrken kul, you keep studying ike that, you wl pass your exams. You wie unhappy i you con ike het weather. Ht you realy right away. ‘A) are meaning / aid 'B) meant / wil hava to do (©) have meant/ had to do D) mean / must do ) were meaning / had done to promote him, you Agikiama: ype 1, type 2.ve ype 8 dlagiler dikkate alinciginda A, B, C ve E segenekieriyanligtir. Soru cimlesinde “eer gergekten ont terfiettrmeyi kastediyorsan, hemen yapmalisin.” itadesi yer ‘almaktacir. Dogru segenek D. wo the terms of the contract, all the paint- work in the building finished by the 15th of next month, A) are to meet / wil have to be ) were mesting / willbe ©) met / would have had to be D) had met /is boing ) wil meet/ was being Agikiama: ‘Type Vin dizgis' dikkate alindiginda. doar secenek A. German Chancellor Merkel is under pressure from power ‘companies, which toinvest in new power ‘generation projects unless they exempt {rom tough emission requirements. A) refused / have been 2) refuse / are have refused / had been 0) had refused / will be E) wore refusing /are to be Agiklams: SSoru cmlesinde gartanlatan unless baGlaci yor almaktadi. Segenolerdo p01, type 2 ve typo an eg aranma. Datu sepenck B, Mt we are to get out of this political mess, someone the lead, and the sooner they stert the better. ‘A)has taken B) should have taken C)hadtotake ——_D) must have taken E) will have to take ‘Agikiama: Soru cUmilesinin cizgs! type 1 oldugu icin dogru sepenek &.vba Ss it 4 simple past tense, would + verb 1 Iden sonta simple cast tons gai, diger cdmiede ise would keliansi. Hayal, gergek ig olaylar anlatlirken lan. I don sonra simple past tense kullanimasina kargn iype 2e today, row gb zaman zarflan Kuli. ‘IF knew the answer, I woul tll you | (Cevab bilsem, sana séylerim.) + Ifshe ned enough money now, she woul! borow some money tows. «Ifthe students came tomorrow, we would have more time to talk about exams. I ran were to go nuclear, 'A) Pussia and China did their best to stop it B) the United States may have taken preventive action CC) ether countries in the region would follow suit ) the UN Security Council sanctions need to be enacted without deley ) fan fre hundreds of missles at Israel ‘Aciklama: ‘Soni cimles! type 2 le yazldit icin A, B, D ve E sogeneklert ynlisti. Boj segenek C. Hf + pastperfecttense, would have + verb 3 Gogg zamanda_gorgeKiagen “gergek olmayan" durumlar ‘alien ular. EGer sora cimlesinde zaman zart clarak yesterday, ag, lest year, 1977. varea type @ kunt. ‘ITT had known you were coming, I would have met you at the station. | (Genin gelecetin’ bilmis olsayeim, sen! Istasyonda karglamig clurdurm) + Thetiem wouldhave bet | ‘money. bad trouble iithasit borowos ___ what sort of @ person he was, they _____him their support. A) would know /cdn't give 1B) know / won't give (C) had known / wouldn't have given 1D) would have known / hadn't givan ) have known / haven" given Agim ‘Soru cimlesinde yer alan ‘he was..." fades! ype 3 gerektr. Dodiru segonek C. Wt they ‘out some market research for the new product they ___such heavy losses in |A) have carried /had been spared B) carried / willbe spared cary /have been spared Dj had carried / could have been spared ) would have cariod / were spared Agiklama: ‘ype 1, ype? ve type S digi dikkate alindiginda A, B, C ve E sepenekeri yanlig. Soru cimlesinde “eer onlar yon! Orn loin biraz piyasa aragtirmasi yaprng olsalard,onlar satislarda bu kadar agir kayiplar vermemig olacaklard.” Hades! yer almaktadi. Dog segenek D.. Ntwouldn’thave surprised me if he after that Incident. 1A) resigned 5) had resigned ©) were to resign )has resigned ) would have resigned Agtkiama: Soru climlesinde yer alan voulsnt have surprise kalba ize ‘ype 8 gerektde, Dotru segenek B.‘Modalstar Mt efimiede kullanlabigigi gibi, ana cimlode de lla. + youare looking for your stippers, they should be under the coffes table. (type 1) + you have difficulty loarning English, you should study propery. (ype 1) + I she may come early, we can hold the meeting on time. (ype 1) + the weather kept on like that, we could / ould put off the ‘meeting. (pe 2) + IV the unemployment kept deetning, the government ‘wouldnt nave take measurement. (ype 2) ‘© If my slater hadn't reminded me, | might / could have ‘orgoiten to buy @ present. (type 3) * I'he had dosoibed himself at the academic examination, he might have been hited. type 3) it humans at the speed of light, it | them about eight minutes to reach the Sun. ‘Ajhave travelled /100k 8) could travel / would take ©) travel /would have taken —_D) wil raval/takes ) would travel /has taken Agikiama: 1 aglacimin kulanim yerleicikkate alindiginda A, ©, D ve E segenekderl yanligt. "i yaplarda moco!arkullamimaktadir.B ‘sovenoti,iype 2'in dizpisine uydugu igin Dogyu segenok B. |F gj gart anlatan bagka yapllar da vardr. Bu gartanlatan yapilar, type 1, type 2 ve type S'de kullanlail provided (that) youcan providing (hat) you don’t eat much. lose weight 25/so longas only if “| do whatever you say proved you promise to help me. + Along 8s you stick tothe rules, scuba diving isn't dangerous. + Providing (thal) she promised to use my computer regularly, | would let him use it. + Ho couldnt have had an accident as / so ong as he hadat ‘riven fast. * Call me whenever you want only you need help. According to geneticists, genetic testing (also called genetic screening) is useful It Is presented in such a way that people can understand what the limitations of the tests are and what the results mean, i i A) whereas D) so that Byonyit —_C) evenif E)betore Agikiam ‘Whereas, bulundugu cOmieye direkt tik anlamin. vert. COniy i, gamt anlane. Evert bulunéugu cumleye *...olsa bile” aniamini veri. So thet, amag ve sonue anti. Bu badlaciarin kullanim yereri ve sory cimiesinin aniami (Genet bitim adamlanna gére, ger testlern sinilamalannn ne oldugunu ve sonuclannin ne anlama geldijin insanlann aniayabileced) tarzda fade edlrse, genetk test faydalici) dikkate alindiginda dog sogenek B. Only if bagact come baginda kuilaniirsa, cOmisnin devrik yazilmas: gorokr. (overs Konusunda bununa lg ayrinth bilgi verielecektir. ony + elimle, soru edimlest ‘Only if you don't eat muoh oan you lose weight ‘imple present tense unless simple past tense 79° past perfect tense will (type 1) would (type 2) \wouldhave'+verb3 (ype3) Unless baGlacy, olumiu comleye olumsuz.anlam (rol) Kata, Unless baglact type 1, type 2, type S yapilannda kullanlabil. ‘+ Unless you eat much, you can lose weight + The economic crisis in the world will be in deep trouble Less governments take drastic measures. '+ England risks fresh rioting unless more is done to rescue ‘young people who think they have nothing to lose. His scheme, with all its shortcomings, will inevitably be pushed through we can produce one, by ‘Tuesday, which is obviously much more fs “10s ¥aNUQ | ible. A) bow B)sothat —C) unless 1D) moreover: ©) incase‘Aciama: Unless: Sart anlati. Bulundugu comleye olumsuz anim kata. ‘So that: Amag ve sonug aniatr Moreover Kendisinden énce golen cimiaye aniam agrsindan paralel bir anlam katar. ‘case: Teabir ve amag anlatir

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