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Advanced Lesson 11-12 - Affixes and Adverbs of Manner Degree

Affixes are groups of letters added to words to change their meaning. Prefixes are added to the beginning and suffixes to the end. There are two types of affixes: inflectional affixes don't change meaning, while derivational affixes create new meanings. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs and answer "how" questions. Adverbs of manner describe how an action is done, while adverbs of degree indicate the extent. Most adverbs are formed by adding "-ly" to adjectives, with some exceptions for words ending in "y" or "le".

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82 views12 pages

Advanced Lesson 11-12 - Affixes and Adverbs of Manner Degree

Affixes are groups of letters added to words to change their meaning. Prefixes are added to the beginning and suffixes to the end. There are two types of affixes: inflectional affixes don't change meaning, while derivational affixes create new meanings. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs and answer "how" questions. Adverbs of manner describe how an action is done, while adverbs of degree indicate the extent. Most adverbs are formed by adding "-ly" to adjectives, with some exceptions for words ending in "y" or "le".

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Lord Flamerakos
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Welcome students!

LESSONS 11-12
AFFIXES AND ADVERBS
OF MANNER/DEGREE
Teacher Alessandro
Odoardi
AFFIXES

Affixes are groups of letters (called "morphemes") that are added


to the beginning or the end of words to make new words. There are
two kinds of affixes:

(1) Prefixes go at the beginning of words and often change


meaning. (2) Suffixes go at the end of words and often change the
kind of word (e.g. from verb to noun, or noun to adjective etc.).

Example: 'Substandard' and 'pre-cooked' are examples of


prefixes, 'hopefully' and 'happiness' are examples of suffixes.
AFFIXES:
Inflectional Affixes
They don’t change the meaning of the old word.
AFFIXES:
Derivational Affixes
They give words a new and derived meaning.

Some derivational preffixes


Some derivational suffixes

ADVERBS OF MANNER/DEGREE

We transform an adjective on an adverb of degree


(completely, fairly) or of manner (slowly) by adding
LY.

Adverbs are words that categorize or give


information about a verb, an adjective, another
adverb, a clause, a whole sentence, and less
commonly, about a noun phrase. They answer to a
'how' question. Examples:

Mark runs fast (How does Mark run?)


Liza drove carefully (How did Liza drive?)
ADVERBS OF MANNER/DEGREE:
What is the difference?
Adverbs of degree indicate in what proportion
the word, phrase or action is represented. Examples:
The reports were partially done.
Those dresses are poorly designed.

Adverbs of manner describe the way the word,


phrase or action is characterized. Examples:
Jonas skates skillfully .
The clock works perfectly.
ADVERBS OF MANNER/DEGREE:
Rules to form adverbs
(Rule 1) In most cases, an adverb is formed by
adding “-ly” to an adjective. Examples:
fortunate – fortunately, furious – furiously,
generous – generously.

(Rule 2) If the adjective ends with “y”, replace


the “y” with an “i” and add “-ly”. Examples: easy
– easily, happy – happily, noisy – noisily.
(Rule 3) If the adjective ends with “-le”, replace
“e” at the end with “y”. Examples: forcible –
forcibly, gentle – gently, possible – possibly.

(Rule 4) If the adjective ends with “-ic”, add “-


ally”. Examples: Idiotic – idiotically, Tragic –
tragically, Basic – basically.

(Rule 5) Some adjectives do not change form at


all. Examples: fast, right, wrong, early, far, near.
More examples with adjectives as adverbs:

FAST > I think my watch is running fast.


LEFT > When the car hit, the tree felt left.
HARD > His degree was hard earned.
RIGHT > The arrow landed right in the middle
of the target.
STRAIGHT > On arriving at work, he went
straight to his office.
LATE > The decision was taken late.
WELL > Alexandra swims well.

There are other different adverbs:


IMPORTANT NOTE

Adjectives ending in 'ly' never transform by adding


'ly'. This is because they are hard to pronounce when
adding ly, and then they can be used as adverbs. If
we use them, we simply reword what we want to say.

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