Speaking 4 W o r k i n s m a l l g r o u p s .

Talk a b o u t y o u r organisation's plans o r y o u r o w n plans

for t h e future. A s k a n d answer each o t h e r q u e s t i o n s .
Example:
A: We '11 open a new office in Singapore.
B: When will you open it?
A: Next year.

Vocabulary 5 Label t h e n e t w o r k d i a g r a m w i t h t h e c o r r e c t i t e m 1-8.

1 the Internet
2 t h e l o c a l area n e t w o r k
3 t h e h a r d w a r e firewall ( w i t h a r o u t e r )
4 c o m p u t e r s w i t h firewall software
5 o u t b o u n d traffic
6 i n b o u n d traffic
7 r e s t r i c t e d traffic
8 a l l o w e d traffic

Secure private network

Public network

Speaking 6 You are s e t t i n g u p a n e w c o m p u t e r w o r k s t a t i o n w i t h a n e t w o r k c o n n e c t i o n .

Your c l i e n t w a n t s t o use t h e set-up for o n l i n e purchases, b a n k d e a l i n g a n d
financial t r a n s a c t i o n s securely. Talk a b o u t w h a t s e c u r i t y s o l u t i o n y o u w i l l
install. Present y o u r s o l u t i o n t o t h e g r o u p .

E-commerce 5 41
 Online transactions
Reading Shayan is t e l l i n g M o n i k a h o w c u s t o m e r s w i l l p a y for s o m e t h i n g o n l i n e o n a n e w
website. Complete this dialogue w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e box.

accounts bank completes confirmation customer First

gateway payment rejection web

Monika: Shayan, c a n y o u e x p l a i n h o w a c u s t o m e r (1) . an online

transaction?
Shayan: OK, it's v e r y easy. (2) t h e c u s t o m e r w i l l place a n order.
T h e seller's (3) s e r v e r w i l l c o n f i r m a v a i l a b i l i t y of t h e
p r o d u c t a n d send a response. After t h a t , t h e c u s t o m e r checks o u t a n d
c o m p l e t e s t h e (4) i n s t r u c t i o n s . T h e n t h e s e r v e r w i l l send a
p a y m e n t request t o a p a y m e n t (5) T h e p a y m e n t gateway
w i l l c h e c k t h e buyer's a b i l i t y t o pay w i t h t h e (6) OK?
Monika: Fine. Go o n .
Shayan: T h e b a n k w i l l r e s p o n d a n d send p a y m e n t acceptance o r (7)
t o t h e seller's w e b s e r v e r t h r o u g h t h e p a y m e n t gateway. Finally, t h e
c u s t o m e r w i l l receive t h e s e r v e r response w i t h t h e o r d e r
(8) o r rejection.
Monika: W i l l t h e (9) have t o register?
Shayan: Yes, a l l b u y e r s m u s t have t h e i r (10) before t h e y c o m p l e t e
the transaction.
Monika: Thank you. Now I understand.

Listening 2 \W^¥fM L i s t e n a n d c h e c k y o u r answers.

Speaking 3 C o m p l e t e t h e f l o w c h a r t of t h e o n l i n e p u r c h a s i n g process. T h e n e x p l a i n i t t o
your partner.

c 11
c
Usefu

C Introc

11
c Spea

Closi

42
 Business matters
Writing 1 You w o r k for SellOnline.com. T h e c o m p a n y d e v e l o p s E-commerce s o l u t i o n s for
small businesses. Your c l i e n t , D o c u m e n t L t d , sells s t a t i o n e r y . T h e y sell l o t s of
different t y p e s of p r o d u c t . D o c u m e n t L t d w a n t s t o d e v e l o p its o n l i n e presence
t o r e a c h c u s t o m e r s m o r e effectively. C o m p l e t e t h e p r o p o s a l t e m p l a t e . Use these
questions to help y o u .
1 W h a t t y p e of E-commerce w i l l D o c u m e n t L t d offer?
2 W h a t E-commerce t e c h n o l o g i e s w i l l D o c u m e n t L t d use t o a t t r a c t c u s t o m e r s ?
3 W h a t s e c u r i t y s o l u t i o n s w i l l t h e c o m p a n y set u p i n o r d e r t o p r o t e c t b o t h t h e
customer and the company?
4 W h a t t o o l s a n d features w i l l t h e c o m p a n y w e b s i t e have?
5 How will the customer complete transactions?

Proposal No. 2011/123/45 Date:

Customer: Business activity:

Subject:

E-commerce type:

E-commerce technologies:

Security solutions:

Website features and tools:

Transaction process:

Proposal presented by:

Language

Useful phrases for presentations

Good morning/afternoon everybody. Thank you for coming.

Today we are going to present....
Introduction First, 1 am going to talk about....
Then, we will show you ....
Finally, we will answer your questions ....
Now, I'll hand over to my colleague.
Speakers
Let me start with ....
To finish ....
Closing
Thank you very much for listening. Are there any questions?

Speaking 2 Prepare a n d d e l i v e r a p r e s e n t a t i o n for t h e m a r k e t i n g d i r e c t o r of D o c u m e n t L t d .

Use y o u r p r o p o s a l f r o m 1 t o h e l p y o u .
 Network
• describe networks
Giving r<
• m a k e r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s a n d suggestions

6 systems
• talk about the past
• talk a b o u t n e t w o r k range a n d s p e e d s
We use I
the reasc
can start

Types of n e t w o r k
Speaking W h a t c o m p u t e r n e t w o r k s d o y o u use i n y o u r w o r k o r studies? W h a t d o y o u use
t h e n e t w o r k s for? H o w d o y o u access t h e n e t w o r k s ?

Listening . L73 H A g a t h a is t h e o w n e r of a s m a l l flower s h o p . K a t h a r i n a is a n e t w o r k

a r c h i t e c t . A g a t h a needs s o m e a d v i c e f r o m K a t h a r i n a a b o u t a n e t w o r k s o l u t i o n
for h e r c o m p a n y . L i s t e n a n d i ^
answer these q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t does A g a t h a t h i n k
she s h o u l d do?
2 W h a t does K a t h a r i n a
recommend?
3 W h a t does K a t h a r i n a say
she w i l l do?
4 W h e n does A g a t h a w a n t
t h e n e t w o r k t o be ready?

Reading 3 Read Katharina's email t o Agatha. C o m p l e t e t h i s email w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e box.

equipment Internet LAN recommend

remote should VPN WAN

Dear Agatha
Following our meeting last week, please find my recommendations for your business.
I think you (1) set up a LAN, or Local Area Network, and a WAN, or Wide
Area Network, for your needs. A (2) connects devices over a small area,
for example your apartment and the shop. In addition, you should connect office
(3) , such as the printer, scanner and fax machine, to your LAN because
you can then share these devices between users.
I'd recommend that we connect the LAN to a (4) . so you can link to the
Internet and sell your products. In addition, I'd (5) _ we set up a Virtual
Private Network so that you have a (6) access to your company's LAN,
when you travel.
(7) is a private network that uses a public network, usually the
(8) , to connect remote sites or users together.
Let's meet on Friday to discuss these recommendations.
Best regards
Katharina

44 6 Network systems
 Language

Giving reasons

You should connect office equipment to the LAN because you can
We use because to say something was then share devices between users.
the reason for an action or situation. (We I'd recommend a Dell computer because it is cheaper.
can start a sentence with because.) Why do you use encryption?
Because it's safer.

Speaking 4 L o o k at t h e t h r e e n e t w o r k s o l u t i o n s . W h a t are t h e differences?

5 W h i c h n e t w o r k s o l u t i o n w o u l d y o u r e c o m m e n d for a large c o r p o r a t i o n o r
o r g a n i s a t i o n , a small business a n d a family home? W h y ?
I'd recommend solution 1 for ... because ....

Mobile
Worker

Area 1 Area 2

Area 5

CCTV

Internet Router/ Modem

Network 10/1
mps switch

0
Area 3 Area 4

Remote

il wireless

CCTV CCTV

m
Writing 6 W r i t e a d e s c r i p t i o n of t h e n e t w o r k s o l u t i o n y o u use at w o r k o r at h o m e .
W h i c h of t h e t h e t h r e e s o l u t i o n s i n 4 is i t m o s t like? W h y ?

Network systems 6 45
I
 N e t w o r k i n g hardware
Speaking 1 W h i c h of t h e i t e m s b e l o w d o y o u k n o w ? W h a t are they? W h a t d o t h e y do?

2 W o r k i n p a i r s . Make a list of all t h e n e t w o r k i n g h a r d w a r e y o u can t h i n k of.

C o m p a r e y o u r list w i t h a n o t h e r pair.

Vocabulary 3 M a t c h t h e w o r d s 1-8 t o t h e d e s c r i p t i o n s a-g.

1 a modem a) is an entrance t o another n e t w o r k
2 a repeater \ b) channels i n c o m i n g data b u t maintains the
b a n d w i d t h speed
3 a bridge c) allows wireless devices t o connect t o t h e n e t w o r k
d ) modulates a n d demodulates the data i n t o a
4 a router digital or an analog signal
e) channels i n c o m i n g data b u t shares the b a n d w i d t h
5 a gateway a m o n g t h e devices present o n a n e t w o r k
f) sends t h e digital signal further o n i n the n e t w o r k
6 a switch
g) connects n e t w o r k s and sends packages of data
7 a hub
between t h e m
8 a wireless access p o i n t h ) connects n e t w o r k s t h a t use the same p r o t o c o l

Listening 4 flPTRTI L i s t e n a n d repeat these w o r d s .

1 modem
2 repeater
3 bridge
4 router
5 gateway
6 switch
7 hub
8 wireless
9 access p o i n t
10 network connectors
11 n e t w o r k interface c a r d

46 6 Network •yttenu
 Reading 5 C o m p l e t e t h i s dialogue w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e box.

about change devices necessary problem

speed should user What

Boris: I have a p r o b l e m w i t h t h e n e t w o r k d o w n l o a d (1) What can

y o u suggest?
Ahsan: W h y d o n ' t y o u (2) the hub?
Boris: I d o n ' t t h i n k t h a t w i l l w o r k . T h e h u b is fine.
Ahsan: OK. H o w (3) a d d i n g a repeater then?
Boris: H m m , I'm n o t sure i t w i l l h e l p . It's n o t a (4) w i t h t h e signal
strength.
Ahsan: OK, t h e n y o u s h o u l d c h e c k t h e cables a n d n e t w o r k ( 5 ) . to
make sure t h a t t h e y are c o m p a t i b l e w i t h y o u r n e t w o r k .
Boris: (6) about changing the modem?
Ahsan: I d o n ' t t h i n k it's (7) . I t h i n k it's a p r o b l e m w i t h t h e b r i d g e ,
s w i t c h o r t h e router. You (8) l o o k at t h e specifications.
Boris: OK, I w i l l . T h a n k s for y o u r h e l p .
Ahsan: W h y d o n ' t y o u c h e c k (9) recommendations on the Internet
as well?
Boris: G o o d idea. I ' l l d o t h a t .

Listening b wLu L i s t e n a n d c h e c k y o u r answers.

Language

Making suggestions
We can make suggestions with:

Why don't we/you + infinitive without to. Why don't you call the IT help desk?
That's a good idea.
What about + -ing What about buying a new router?
1 don't think that will wonX.
How about + -ing How about reading the instructions first?
I'll do that.

K m L i s t e n a n d repeat t h e s e suggestions.
1 W h y d o n ' t y o u change t h e m o d e m ?
2 H o w a b o u t c o n n e c t i n g a repeater?
3 What about looking o n the website?

Vocabulary 8 C o m p l e t e t h e s e sentences w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e box.

between on over to with

1 Is t h i s software c o m p a t i b l e . this computer?

2 A L A N c o n n e c t s devices a s m a l l area.
3 Is t h e c o m p u t e r c o n n e c t e d . the modem?
4 T h e L A N a l l o w s y o u t o share i n f o r m a t i o n users.
5 Why don't you look t h e Internet?

Speaking 9 W h a t p r o b l e m s d o y o u have w i t h n e t w o r k s ? W o r k i n p a i r s . Make a list.

T h i n k a b o u t speed, c o m p a t i b i l i t y , h a r d w a r e a n d software.

10 Show y o u r list t o a n o t h e r pair. A s k for h e l p a n d suggest s o l u t i o n s .

Example:
A: This software doesn't work with this ....
Network systems
B: Why don'tyou ... ?
 Talking about the past
Reading 1 H o w m u c h d o y o u k n o w a b o u t t h e h i s t o r y of n e t w o r k i n g ? Can y o u m a t c h these
events 1-4 t o t h e dates a - d ?
1 T h e c r e a t i o n of t h e W o r l d W i d e Web
2 T h e s t a r t of Facebook
3 T h e l a u n c h of T w i t t e r
4 T h e b e g i n n i n g of MySpace

a) 2006
b) 1990
c) 2003
d) 2004

Speaking 2 W h a t social n e t w o r k s d o y o u use? H o w m u c h t i m e d o y o u s p e n d o n them?

Example: I use ... . I spend about....

Reading 3 Read t h i s t e x t a b o u t Karl's IT career u p u n t i l n o w a n d answer these q u e s t i o n s .

'I left school in Cambridge in the U K at the age

of 18 and went straight t o the University of
Bristol t o study computing in 2000.1 graduated
in 2004 and decided t o travel around the w o r l d
f o r a year.

In 2006 I got a job back in Cambridge w i t h the

software company A r m . I stayed w i t h A r m for
t w o years and then went t o w o r k for Microsoft
in Seattle in the U S A T h i s is where I am now
and I love it!'

1 W h e n d i d K a r l go t o u n i v e r s i t y ?
2 W h e n d i d h e leave u n i v e r s i t y ?
3 W h a t d i d h e d o after u n i v e r s i t y ?
4 W h e r e d i d K a r l go i n 2006?
5 W h e n d i d h e go t o Seattle?
 Language

Past simple (1)

When did l/she/he/we/they create the network?

We use the past simple tense to talk
She created the network in December 2008.
about finished actions in the past.
1 started the network last year.
1 looked at that yesterday.
1 had broadband connected three days/a month/two years ago.
Time expressions
1 used that system last weeklyearlmonth.
1 started that user group on Monday/in June/in 2001.

Listening 4 K M L i s t e n a n d repeat t h e s e sentences.

1 When did they start work?
2 T h e y i n s t a l l e d t h e c o m p u t e r s yesterday.
3 We d i d n ' t w o r k last week.
4 She w e n t t o t h e office o n Sunday.
5 D i d y o u finish t h e r e p o r t ?

Speaking 5 Practise asking a n d a n s w e r i n g q u e s t i o n s a b o u t w h a t y o u d i d y e s t e r d a y o r last

week in y o u r w o r k or studies.
Example:
A: What did you do last week?
B: I worked on the new network.

6 Talk a b o u t w h a t y o u d i d o n y o u r last day off.

Example:
A: What did you do on your day off?
B: I went to the gym.

Language

Past simple (2)

look looked
use used
Regular past tense endings install installed
connect connected
work worked
setup set up
go went
see saw
Irregular past tense endings
do did
buy bought
be was

Writing 7 W r i t e t h r e e o r four sentences a b o u t y o u r o w n c o m p u t i n g e d u c a t i o n and/or

w o r k u p u n t i l now. Use t h e t e x t i n 3 t o h e l p y o u .

Speaking 8 W o r k i n p a i r s . Ask a n d answer q u e s t i o n s a b o u t y o u r e d u c a t i o n and/or w o r k .

Network systems 6 49
 N e t w o r k range and speed
Listening L i s t e n a n d c o m p l e t e t h i s d i a l o g u e b e t w e e n K a r o l i n e a n d Sam.
Karoline: H o w d o y o u d e s c r i b e n e t w o r k speed?
Sam: In b i t s , k i l o b i t s , m e g a b i t s a n d gigabits. T h e y d e s c r i b e n e t w o r k
speed. For e x a m p l e , dial-up c o n n e c t i o n s a l l o w (1) kilobits
per s e c o n d a n d DSL f r o m (2) kilobits per second t o
(3) megabits per second.
K a r o l i n e : OK. I've g o t t h a t . W h a t a b o u t t h e range?
Sam: Range is t h e d i s t a n c e of n e t w o r k coverage, so d i s t a n c e u n i t s
r e p r e s e n t n e t w o r k range. M o s t c o u n t r i e s use m e t r i c b u t s o m e use
feet as u n i t s of m e a s u r e m e n t . M e t r e s o r feet u s u a l l y d e s c r i b e t h e
range of a n e t w o r k . H o m e n e t w o r k i n g r o u t e r s s u p p o r t a range u p t o
(4) feet o r (5) m e t r e s i n d o o r s a n d (6)
feet o r ( 7 ) . metres outdoors.
Karoline: T h a n k s .

2 ^ L f X E l L i s t e n a n d repeat t h e s e s p e e d s a n d ranges.
1 77 k i l o b i t s p e r s e c o n d
2 5 megabits a second
3 2 gigabits p e r m i n u t e
4 250 m e t r e s
5 40 feet

Speaking 3 Say t h e s e speeds a n d ranges.

1 156 feet 4 7,000 metres
2 12kbit/s 5 95 Mbit/s
3 4Gbit/m 6 65 Mbit/s

4 W r i t e d o w n f o u r speeds a n d ranges a n d d i c t a t e t h e m t o y o u r partner.

Reading 5 Read these t e x t s a n d a n s w e r these q u e s t i o n s .

Range
Wireless networks have limited range. Network range depends on the type of
802.11 protocol, strength of the device transmitter and the architecture of the
surrounding area. Some structures, such as walls and metal frames, reduce the
range of a WLAN by 2 5 % . However, users can extend the range of a WLAN.
Repeaters forward the wireless signal to access points or routers and increase
the range of a network.

Speed
Bandwidth and latency are the measures of computer network speed, or data
transfer rate. Bandwidth is the maximum throughput of data in bits per second.
Some modems support 100 Gbit/s but speed depends on the hardware and
software used. Latency is the delay that network creates during the transfer
data. Users have no, or very little, control over bandwidth and latency.

1 H o w m a n y t h i n g s does n e t w o r k range d e p e n d on?

2 W h a t c a n r e d u c e n e t w o r k range?
3 W h a t c a n i m p r o v e n e t w o r k range?
4 W h a t t w o t h i n g s affect speed?