CHAPTER 1

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Social Media usage by students is so rampant
recently because of easy access to devices such as smart
phones, i-phones, tablets, i-pad and laptops which are
connected to the internet. Addiction to the usage of Media
Technology has extremely increased in recent times. The
perils of its effects on the academic performance of the
over-involved students are disturbing. Academic
performance which is depicted by the grades of students
is a great concern, student that spends excessive time on
using Media Technology become dependent on it and it is
believed that their academic performance diminishes
proportionately. It is perceived that school grades will
suffer when spending too much time on social Media sites
such as Facebook, as valuable study time is lost.
 
 The rapid advancement of media technology has had a
great impact on the way people communicate on a daily
basis. The growing dimension of the use of the social
media among the youth of today cannot be
overemphasized. Over the years, social networking
among students has become more and more popular. It is
a way to make connections, not only in school but with
friends outside of school. Social networking is a way that
helps people feels they belong to a community. Due to the
increased Popularity of social media. It also affects the
students’ academic Performance. The use of technology
such as internet is one of the most important factors that
can influence educational performance of students
positively or adversely.
 1

Many parents and guardians are worried that students are

spending too much time on Facebook and other social
media sites and have not enough time to study. Though
parents are worried about student’s constant use of the
social media sites, many students continue to utilize these
sites on a daily basis.

It is against this background that this research is

being conducted to ascertain the effects of social media
on the academic performance of Grade 12 students of
Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial high-School Senior High
Stand-Alone. We the researchers conducted this research
because we have noticed in the school campus that social
media specifically Facebook affects the academic
performance of students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial
high-School Senior High Stand-Alone by spending their
whole time on it and ignoring their school works resulting
to lower grades and poor class performance. Therefore,
we researchers wants to know the positive and negative
effects of social media to the academic performance
of students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial high-School
Senior High Stand-Alone and the factors that causes poor
class performance result. The researchers also wants to
know how social media can improve a student’s academic
performance in an effective way.
 2

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

 The internet is today the most important source of
information and the growing dimensions of the use of
social media by students cannot be underestimated. It has
been observed that students devote more attention and
time to social media especially Facebook than they do for
their studies and they cannot pass their examinations well
if they do not learn. Academic excellence plays an
important role in a students’ life; be it in the family, at
social gatherings, at workplace, in an institution or even
among peers. Much emphasis is placed on academic
excellence because of the
Role it plays in an individual’s life as far as a successful
life and respect is concerned in every part of the world.
Due to this, many people are concerned with the ways
that they can improve their academic performance. This
study will focus to these following questions:

1. What are the positive and negative effects of

Technology using social media to the academic
performance of grade 12 students of Don Pablo Lorenzo
Memorial high-School Senior High Stand-Alone?

2. What are the factors that causes the students’ academic

performance result to poor class performance?

3. How can social media help the grade 12 students of

Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial high-School Senior High
Stand-Alone to improve their class performance?
 3

HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY

 

The researchers have conducted a study about effects 
of Technology on the academic performance of grade 12
students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial high-School
Senior High Stand-Alone. To be able to the researchers to
collect information about the solid topic. In line with this
study, the researchers have given time to conduct a
research. The researchers have made some hypothesis
about the topic.

Ha:
   There is a significant influence between Technology
and the grade 12students academic performance.

Ho:
  There is no significant influence between  Technology
to the grade 12 students’ academic performance.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 
The input, process, and output method will help
the thesis become more organized and create an outline
which offers an overview into the way the proposed study
will be started, acted upon and finished.
The researchers will give The researchers are hoping
the Grade12 ICT students that in this research, that they
of Don Pablo Lorenzo conducted, they can
Memorial High-School distinguish the origin of the
Senior High Stand-Alone problems and to find out
survey questionnaires to be what is most efficient way on
answered. Where the how to solve this problem
researchers are hoping to that the grade 12 Grade12
gather information to ICT students of Don Pablo
support their claims and Lorenzo Memorial High-
conclusions towards the School Senior High Stand-
following research Alone TVL strand are facing
problems.
 4
Figure 1

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Profile of the
respondents such as
Age:

Gender:

Section:

Figure 1, shows three boxes which is the input-process-

output model. The input frame includes the profile of the
respondents such as age, gender, and section. The process
frame refers to the steps of the researchers that are used to
obtain information by using survey questionnaires. While
the output frame covers the obtained information to the
effects of social media to the academic performance of
grade Grade12 ICT students of Don Pablo Lorenzo
Memorial High-School Senior High Stand-Alone. The
researchers will give the Grade12 ICT students of Don
Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High-School Senior High Stand-
Alone survey questionnaires to be answered. Where the
researchers are hoping to gather information to support
their claims and conclusions towards the following
research problems. The researchers are hoping that in this
research, that they conducted, they can distinguish the
origin of the problems and to find out what is most
efficient way on how to solve this problem that the
Grade12 ICT students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial
High-School Senior High Stand-Alone are facing. Profile
of respondents that is needed by researcher in terms of:
Age, Gender, Section.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

  The respondents of the study are 30 selected grade

12 students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High-School
Senior High Stand-Alone. The researchers do not include other
year levels to this study because of their self-control in terms of
social media. This aims to identify the students who are addicted
in social media resulting in poor class performance. The
researchers do not intend to include all kinds of factors that may
affect student's poor class performance, but is only focused on
getting the positive and negative effects of social media, social
factors that may affect students’ academic performance and to
know how social media can help improve the academic
performance of grade 12students of Don Pablo Lorenzo
Memorial High-School Senior High Stand-Alone.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

 
The study is all about the Effects of Technology on the academi
c Performance especially for Grade 12 students of Don Pablo
Lorenzo Memorial High-School Senior High Stand-Alone. This
study wants to explain the proper usage of Social Media. 

This study is for:

Grade 12 ICT Students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial

High-School Senior High Stand-Alone. They find here The
advantages and disadvantages of Social Media.

All students of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High-School

Senior High Stand-Alone. To be more aware of 
using social media and to be more responsible.
Faculty Members of Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High-
School Senior High Stand-Alone. To be aware from the
actions of their students and educate them about
Their limitations of using Social Media.

6
The University Guidance Councilor.
 That they can use the gathered datato be able to reach those students and have a seminar at school abouthaving
control of using Social Media.
The community possessing the same kind of case.
 That they can readabout the study and make it as a guide on understanding how thisproblem emerged and how
would they deal with the problem itself.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
 The researchers have used conceptual definition for this study which givesclear understanding to the readers. For
clarification and appreciation ofthe present study, the following terms are defined.
1. Academic Performance - This is how well a student meets standardss e t
out by the local government and the institution itself.
2. Addiction -the fact or condition of being addicted to a particularsubstance, thing, or activity. 
3. Community -a group of people living in the same place or having aparticular characteristic in common. 
4. Facebook - is a popular free social networkingwebsite that allowsregistered users to create profiles, upload photos
and video, sendmessages and keep in touch with friends, family and colleagues.
5. Internet -a global computer network providing a variety of informationand communication facilities, consisting of
interconnected networks usingstandardized communication protocols. 

6. Networking -the use of dedicated websites and applications to interactwith other users, or to find people
with similar interests to oneself. 
7. Social Media -websites and applications that enable users to create andshare content or to participate in social
networking. 
8. Survey - a question or a series of questions in order to gatherinformation about what most people do or think
about something.
9. Technology - refers to methods, systems, and devices which are theresult of scientific knowledge being used for
practical purposes.

 
CHAPTER IIREVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIESRelated Literature
 
Foreign LiteratureThe concept of social media
 Social media continuously keeps changing and as such it is difficult toassign a fixed definition to it as Jacka
and Scott (2011), argued that ‘’thereis no single recognized definition for social media’’. However some scholars
have defined it in different perspectives over the past years. Kaplan andHaenlein (2010), defined social media as a
group of internet- basedapplications that build on the ideological and technological foundations ofWeb 2.0 and
allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content.
 The Oxford dictionary (2011), also defined social media as “websites and
applications used for social netwo
rking”. Another definition of social mediais that it is a ‘’communication channel which is very popular, extremely
fast and broad, has proven to be highly effective, as well as trusted bybillions of people , to share and discover
content concerning individuals,
brands, information, entertainment and knowhow’’ (Dearborn, 2014). One
theme that all these definitions underpin is that social media involvessome form of communication between
individuals over the internet. Socialmedia began in the late 1990s with the first recognized social media
network called “SixDegrees “ in 1997 and this technology enabled people
 
10
to upload a profile and make friends. From 1997 to 2001 a number ofcommunity tools; Asian Avenue, blackplanet
and MiGente begansupporting various combination of profile and publicly articulated friend(Boyd, Danah, Ellison
and Nicole, 2007). There has been tremendousimprovement since this era and today there exist uncountable
socialnetworking sites either developed for local use, specific purpose orinternational use. Kaplan and Haenlein
(2010), classified social media intosix (6) different categories as follows;1. Collaborative project (wikipedia)2.
Blogs and microblogs (twitter)3. Content communities (youtube)4. Social networking sites (FB, 2go, BB chat)5.
Virtual game World (world of warcraft)6. Virtual second world (second life) This classification of social media into
classes has been useful to scholarsand individuals for easy identification and study of a particular socialmedia type
but today a difficulty may arise due the high proliferation ofsocial media and one may wonder which group a new
developed socialmedia type fits into. Social media is considered to be the fastest growingweb application in the 21
century and this rapid development is beingbacked by technological advancement (Heyam, 2014). Mankind
hasenormously benefited and continues to benefit from it and as such cannotunderestimate its importance as far as
communication is concerned.
 
11
 Today, social media has taken a new dimension and has encouraged moreparticipation through the introduction of
mobile phones that supportsocial networks applications.
Positive effects of social media on students’ academic life
Students’ academic life has moved to a different dime
nsion since theintroduction of these social media networks and several studies haveaffirmed that social media plays
an important role on students in highereducation including the study conducted by Wheeler, Yeomans andWheeler,
(2008); Rifkin, Longnecker, Leach and Ortia,(2009). In theirstudy, they recognized four (4) major advantages of
social media usage bystudents in higher education which included; enhancing relationship,improving learning
motivation, offering personalized course material, anddeveloping collaborative abilities. Indeed, social media has
contributedgreatly to facilitating learning in the 21st century. It is shown that a greaterpercentage of students
including those at the PhD level commonly usesocial media to ameliorate their studies (Khan, 2010). The answers to
thecauses of flexible studies today across the globe might not be far-fetchedfrom the great contribution that social
media platforms are providing whenused judiciously. Even though, there have been other school of thought
that states that social media is a nuisance to students’ academic life such
as Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2010), who argued in their study thatsocial networks distracts the attention and
concentration of the studentstoward learning and converts it towards non educational activities such as

 
12
useless and unnecessary chatting, there have been several studiesconducted afterwards whose findings are contrary
to this claim. Forinstance, the study conducted by Jain, Verma, Verma and Tiwari (2012),
titled “the impact of social networking in promoting education’’ revealed
that students benefit from chatting with other students, teachers andexternal sources to acquire knowledge. Also,
Yunus and Salehi (2012),argued in the same direction that students gained more vocabulary,improved their writing
skills and reduced their spelling mistakes throughsocial media usage. In fact as an educational tool, social media
enricheslearning by giving both students and teachers the opportunity to connectin new and very exciting ways
thereby encouraging flexible mode oflearning. It is stated that flexible learning expands the choice on what,when
and how people learn. It supports different styles of learningincluding E-learning which is highly patronized across
the globe (Pappas,
2013). Other scholars; O’keeffe and Clake
-pearson (2011), in their studyalso revealed that social media benefits students by connecting them toone another on
assignments and class projects. It is further buttressed inthe study of Arquero and Esteban (2013) and Selwyn (2007)
whoseconclusions were that social media undoubtedly generate newopportunities to engage students in higher
education as they areremarkably effective at connecting people and facilitating the exchange ofinformation. It is
clear and indisputable from these studies that social
 
13
media usage in the educational sector cannot be underestimated since itsintroduction.
Negative effects of social media on students’ academic life
 Davies and Cranston (2008), enumerated some of the risks associated withsocial media which included criminal
activities such as identity theft andfake contacts which is prevalent today, sexual abuse or harassment and
unsuitable advertising. On the same subject O’keeffe and Clake
-pearson(2011), also mentioned cyberbullying, online harassment, sexting,facebook depression, and privacy
concerns as some of the challengesassociated with social networking.
Cyberbullying:
 cyberbullying is a category of bullying that occurs in thedigital realm or medium of electronic te
 xt. ‘‘It is any behavior performed
through electronic or digital media by individuals or groups that repeatedlycommunicates hostile or aggressive
messages intended to inflict harm or
discomfort on others’’ (Tokunaga, 2010). Cyberbullying is one the seriou
sthreat in the social media environment and has called for a number ofstudies to determine its causes. The causes of
cyberbullying according toCalvete, Orue, Estevez, Villardon and Padilla (2010), was significantlyrelated with the
use of proactive aggression, justification of violence,exposure to violence and less perceived social support of
friends.
Privacy concerns:
 this is another concern that everyone involved in socialnetworking is faced with. The rate at which people post or
share fakeinformation calls for alarm and it is difficult to ascertain that, what people

 
14
say and post are truly who they are. Individuals’ private information are
publicly displayed on some of these social networks and malicious peopletake advantage and perpetrate all kinds of
harassment. It is also arguedthat the privacy options offered by most social networking sites (SNSs) donot provide
users with the flexibility needed to handle conflicts withindividuals who have different conceptions of privacy
(Preibusch, Hoser,Gurses and Berendt, 2007). Aside these effects, other studies conductedby scholars have also
proved that social media can be detrimental to
students’ academic life if caution is not taken in its usage. For instance
the study conducted by Obi, Bulus, Adamu a
nd Sala’at (2012), titled “Theneed for safety consciousness among Youths on social Networking Sites”
concluded that social media affects students use of English. They useshort-handwriting when chatting with friends
and unconsciously get usedto it thereby replicating same errors during examinations. Even thoughone may argue
that these are minor challenges, it is important toacknowledge the increasing rate at which these errors are replicated
in theeducation sector and if care is not taken future generation may see it as anorm. Indeed a number of studies
including but not limited to the studyof Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2010), Osharive (2015), Maya (2015),among
others have revealed unequivocally that social media can be
problematic to students’ academic
 life if caution is not taken in its usage.Basically this study is about how social Media networks affects
theperformance of students that how their grade points affected through
 
15
using such networks. Some most commonly used social Medias areFacebook, Skype, twitter, YouTube, Google. In
different countries a largenumber of researchers have been work on this issue to evaluate thisincreasing trend among
students. Most of the studies presented theresults in against Social Media and argued that it has negative results
forstudent and younger generation. According to this study social media hasemerging positive effect on the students
and causes for their high resultsgrade. These studies also argued that students spent most of their time onsuch
activates and easily completed their home assignments and
Projects. Junco, Heibergert, and Loken et al (2011) a study is conducted on 132students in order to examine the
relationship of social media andengagement of students with it& social media and grades of students. Toexamine
this relationship the students were divided into two groups, onegroup use twitter and the other group did not use
twitter account. It wasused to make discussions about study material, organize the study groupsin a manner, also
post the announcements of class, and remain in touchwith class fellows. Junco and his coworkers (2011) surprised
that thestudents of Twitter group achieve greater GPAs and higher scores than theother group.
According to the outcome, students’ academic performance is
affected the more they use Facebook. Social platforms are mainly used bystudents for socializing activities rather
than academic purpose Oye

 
16
(2012). In addition Oye (2012) said that majority of students feel that socialplatforms have positive impact on
academic growth. Rather (2013, p. 69)avers that: the social platforms which are being used today with greatdesire
and enthusiasm have altered the way of using internets in thismodern age by defining online tools and utilities which
allow users forcommunication, participation and collaboration of information online.
 Today’s young generation, especially teens and youth are using technology
through innovative ways due to which they are referred to as millennialand have changed the way they think, work
and communicate even though
they are in formative years of their life. Today’s youth because of social
platforms have become technology addicts and are quite Withdrawn.
Local Literature
In this Digital Age, everyone seems to make his or her presence feltin the virtual world to validate his or her
existence. Getting connectedthrough social networks and blog sites seems to be the norm, not justamong individuals,
but also among companies and businesses. With this,the Honor Award Program (HAP) of the Civil Service
Commission (CSC) hasventured into social media to strengthen its promotional strategies of theProgram
Commission on Information and Communications Technology(CICT)Chairman Ivan John E. Uy said that social
networking sites can be
a useful tool in public service delivery. “The use of Facebook and Twitterin government offices provides better
access to the public,” he said in an
 
17
interview aired overDZRB. There are 24 million Internet users in thePhilippines, 51% of which use social
networking sites. Social media is an
effective platform for information dissemination and engagement. “It’s
about time to engage with our stakeholders. There are 1.4 milliongovernment workers all over the country.Filipinos
should hear of theinspiring stories of our outstanding public servants. Being on Facebook is
one way to reach out to the public that we serve,” said CSC Chairman
Francisco T. Duque III. The Pangasinan provincial government isvigorously pushing people empowerment,
including generating greaterpublic awareness on various government programs through the use ofsocial networking
sites. Vangie Padilla, a social media specialist andresource speaker, said Espino wanted to raise the level of quality
of publicservice given to the 2.6 million College of Arts and Science Bachelor ofScience in Foreign Service. Since
there are now some 300,000Pangasinenses who areon Facebook, Padilla said Espino thought of coping
with the times by “switching from the traditional to cyberspace.” Since
Pangasinan is now dubbed as No. 1 province in many aspects, Gov.Espinoopts to explore greater heights of
bringing government service closer to thepeople, having seen the intense impact of social media like Facebook,
 Twitter and YouTube among Pangasinenses,” Padilla said. Coinciding with
the half -
day orientation was the launching of Espino’s social networking
sites.

18
Related Studies
 
Foreign Studies
 Transition in behavior has led the youth to explore new patterns ofinformation and perform multitasking. Though,
this multitasking has toaffect the time utility and distribution in both positive and negative ways.
One significant effect of these channels is on the student’s ac
ademicperformance and several empirical studies have reported that theexcessive unproductive time spent on social
networking sites have affect
the students grades. Similarly, a preliminary analysis of the “Effects ofFacebook usage” by undergraduate stud
ents at Lulea University of Technology in Sweden. The research model used for this study tests theperceived affect
of self regulation, trust and personality traits on studentachievements. The research model suggests the negative
mediating effectsof the Social Networking Sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Skype etc.
 The concluding remarks are that, a decrease occurs in the student’s
academic performance but a positive effect on the satisfaction with life.
Similarly, SNS do affect one’s academic performan
ce adversely. It causesthe gradual drop in the grades of the students directly. It affects the
student’s academic performance if he/she invests his/her time in SNS
instead in his studies. Time wasting is a major issue in this regard. SNSare highly addictive to those people who
cannot control themselves intoconstantly using these sites, prioritize entertainment over work and givestoo much
attention to social acceptance and affiliation. The situation is

 
19
that if a student gives too much time to SNS, there is an ultimatelydecrease in its academic performance.Same as
mentioned above, Social networking site like Facebook becomesan issue as people relates this with academic
performance. Manyresearchers are working to explore the correlation between socialnetworking sites and academic
performance. Those students, who useFacebook and twitter, have shorter span of attention in classrooms. Suchsites
create many problems for teachers because abbreviations commonlyused on sites such as Twitter and Facebook are
also making it intocoursework, essays and experiment write-ups. The study conducted with500 teachers reveals
many interesting fact. Teacher believed that these
sites shaping student’s attitude. The report concludes that the children
with the poorest grades at school are the ones who spent most time onsocial networking. Unfortunately, 58 percent
of teachers believe mobilephones and computers are responsible for children being unable to spellas well as
previous generations. And 54 percent say children c
an’t write as
well as they should because they are more used to keyboards andtouchpads.
Local StudiesSocial Media Constructs, Destructs
 In past Philippine presidential elections, the art of destruction was
 
so intense it left a bad taste in the mouth. Some of the accusations were

20
true, but most of them were simply speculative and false. On televisiontoday, one can see saliva dripping from
the corners of critics’ mouths, or
the satanic fierceness in their eyes as they demolish the target of their
assassination. There is a term for today’s head
-hunting bloggers: bastos.
 The truthful journalist’s weapon against charges of false and
malicious reporting was
 – 
 and possibly continues to be
 – 
 libel. One mustbe proven without a doubt that he was out to malign the subject, and asane court, analyzing the facts
of the case and finds the respondent notguilty, will throw the petition out of the window. Such is the case withsocial
media. It can be used to prop up or destroy an individual and/orcommercial product. And who is to distinguish the
truth and falsehood ofsocial media reporting? Imtiaz Ali of TechMead writes of the positive effectsof social media,
mainly that social networks helping businesses in a varietyof
ways. Traditional marketing mediums such as the radio, TV commercials andprint ads are completely obsolete now
and demand for thousands of
dollars,” he writes. “However, with social me
dia the businesses canconnect with their targeted customers for free, the only cost is energy andtime. Through
Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn or any other social site you canlower your marketing cost to a significant level.Social
networks have removed all the communication and interactionbarriers, and now one can communicate his/her
perception and thoughts

 
21
over a variety of topics. Students and experts are able to share andcommunicate with like-minded people and can ask
for the input andopinion on a particular topic.Another positive impact of social networking sites is to unite people on
ahuge platform for the achievement of some specific objective. This is veryimportant to bring the positive
change in society.On the other hand, one of the negative effects of social media or network
is it leads to addiction. “Spending countless hours on the social sites can
divert the focus and attention from a particular task. It lowers themotivational level of the people, especially of the
teenagers and students. They mainly rely on technology and the internet instead of learning the
practical knowledge and expertise of the everyday life.”
 
Karen Fraxier, public relations specialist, writes that social media “has
changed the way people interact. In many ways, social media has led topositive changes in the way people
communicate and share information;however, it has a dark side, as well. Social networking can sometimesresult in
negative outcomes, some with long-
term consequences.”
 Social media is a rising trend in the world today. Communication skills areexemplified by the use of social media
networking. Social medianetworking allows for a communication outlet. Social media is beingutilized by students,
parents, businesses, and religious organizations. It isbeing used in many forms by many different platforms for many
reasons.

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According to the Merriam-Webster, social media are forms ofelectronic communications through which users create
onlinecommunities to share information, ideas, personal messages and othercontent such as videos. Over the course
of several years, social media haschanged dramatically. Because of social media, people today can exchangeideas,
feelings, personal information, pictures and videos at a trulyastonishing level. Social networking is one of the most
active web-basedactivities in the Philippines, with Filipinos being declared as the mostactive users on a number of
web-based social networks such as Facebook,Instagram, Snapchat, and Twitter. The use of social media has become
soe
 xtensive in the Philippines that the country has been tagged as “The socialnetworking capital of the world,” and has
also become part of Filipino
cyberculture. The effects of these social media can be considered positivebut also has some negative consequences.
It increases studentcollaboration, improves participation, content rich resources and they areuseful for team projects.
These sites have also caused some potential harmto society. The students become victims of social networks more
often thananyone else. This is because when they are studying or searching theircourse material online, they get
attracted to these sites to kill the boredomn their study time, diverting their attention from their work and they
aremore likely to drink and use drug. At present, whether social media isfavourable or unfavourable, many students
utilize these sites on a dailybasis. As social media sites continue to grow in popularity it is our belief

 
23
that technology is a vital part of today’s students’ success equation
(Wang,Chen & Liang, 2011). Many researchers have been looking into aconsiderable amount of research on how
social media influences studentacademic performances at colleges. Many parents are worried that theirchildren are
spending too much time on Facebook and other social mediasites and not enough time studying.

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24
CHAPTER III
 
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 
 This chapter presents the discussion on the research methodologyof the study, the subjects, sampling technique,
research instruments,procedures of data gathering, and statistical treatment that will be usedfor accurate data
analysis and interpretation.
 
Research Design
 
 This shows the research design that is going to be used by theresearchers, which is the descriptive research design.
This research designis used to create a clear description or information by giving a completepicture about the study.
This research design is suitable with the aims ofthe researcher which is to determine the effects of social media to
Grade12 students especially to their academic performances. In this design, itallows the researchers to develop
questions for further study regarding thetopic.
 
Sampling Technique
 
In this research work, non random sampling technique will be used,each member of the population has an equal and
known chance of beingselected as a member of the sample, which is the Quota Sampling to obtain

 
25
the maximum number given of respondents is fifty (50). The researcherswill continuously do this process until the
sample reaches the desired size.
Locale of the Study
 
 The subjects that the researchers chose are the Senior High SchoolStudents of Grade 12 Science, Technology,
Engineering and Mathematics(STEM) strand of University of Pangasinan ranging from STEM 1A to STEM5A.
 
 The Respondents of this study are fifty (50) Senior High SchoolStudents of University of Pangasinan who are in the
strand of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM).
Data Gathering
 
Seeking permission to conduct the study
. The researcher's first job wasto ask permission to the grade 12 STEM AM students to allow theresearchers to
administer the distribution and retrieval of thequestionnaire from the respondents.
 
Preparation of the Questionnaires
. After the formulation of thequestionnaire, check list, it was checked and validated.
 
Data Processing Method
. The researchers conducted the survey to thesample. The questionnaire, check list were recovered and collected.
Then,the answers were tallied according to each item and the date were preparedfor data analysis.
 
26
Instrumentation
 
 The main tool will use in the proposed study a survey questionnaire madeby the researchers. Several questionnaires
were constructed for therespondents.
 
 The survey questionnaire consists of the conclusion whethermajority decision among the respondents state whether
social media haspositive or negative effects to their academic performance. Directionsthroughout the survey is
clearly stated and the format wherein 10questions will be presented. The questionnaire is answered by YES or
NO. The questionnaire will present to the adviser for comments, suggestions,and any corrections on the content of
it. It will make sure that the surveythat was made public had no errors,
Statistical Tool
 
 To interpret the gathered data, the researchers will use the following:
 
Arithmetic Mean, which is the result of the majority decision ofanswers based from the survey or questionnaire.
Simply, this describesthe profile of the respondents.
 
Sample Size, which is the total number of respondents of the study. This part of the formula to be used will always
stay constant as 100, as

 
27
this is the chosen respondent population which cannot be altered in orderto prevent falsifying data.
 
 The following formula in order to achieve the percentage or statisticalpresentation of the results:
 
%= X/N ×100
 
Wherein “x” is the arithmetic mean or summed up total of answers
from a
certain question, “n” is the fixed number of chosen
respondents orsample size in the study and 100 is the constant used to attain thepercentage or generalized statistical
presentation of results.
 

 
28
CHAPTER 4PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA, AND INTERPRETATIONOF FINDINGS
 This chapter contains the presentation and analysis of datagathered regarding the translation and interpretation of
findings of TheEffects of Social Media to the Academic Performance of Grade 12 studentsof University of
Pangasinan. The data presented in this chapter are from the answers of Grade12 AM Science, Technology,
Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) strandof PHINMA- Universiry of Pangasinan from the questionnaire given
by theresearchers under non-random sampling. This study will focus to these following questions:1. What are the
positive and negative effects of social media to theacademic performance of grade 12 students of University of
Pangasinan?2. What are the social factors that causes the students academicperformance result to poor class
performance?3. How can social media help the grade 12 students of University ofPangasinan to improve their class
performance?
 
29
FIGURE 1: WHAT ARE THE POSITIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TOYOUR ACADEMIC/CLASS
PERFORMANCE?
LEGEND:A.
 
It helps me with my assignments
B.
 
It is a source of communication which is a tool for informationdissimination.
C.
 
It helps me to be updated from the latest school events.
D.
 
Others;Specify 
 
Figure 1 shows that fifty percent (50%) of the respondents answered that socialmedia helps them with their assignments, thirty six percent
(36%) answered thatit is source of communication which is a tool for information dissemination,fourteen percent (14%) answered that it helps
them to be updated from the latestschool events and zero percent (0%) answered
others. Therefore, the positive effect of social media to their academic performance is thatit helps them with their
assignments.
50%36%14%0%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%A
B
C
D
FIGURE 1

30
FIGURE 2: WHAT ARE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIATO YOUR
ACADEMIC/CLASS PERFORMACE?
 
LEGEND:A.
 
It distracts me from studying
 
B.
 
It lowers my grades in my subjects.
C.
 
It entertains me a lot, therefore I do not have time to study.
D.
 
Others; Specify 
 
Figure 2 shows that fifty percent (50%) of the respondents answered thatsocial media distracts them from studying,
thirty percent (30%) answeredthat it lowers their grades in their subjects, twenty percent (20%) answeredthat it
entertains them a lot, therefore they do not have time to study, andzero percent (0%) answered
others. Therefore, the negative effect of social media to their academicperformance is that it distracts them from
studying.
50%30%20%0%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%A
B
C
D
FIGURE 2
 
31
FIGURE 3: WHAT ARE THE SOCIAL FACTORS THAT CAUSES YOURACADEMIC/CLASS
PERFORMANCE RESULT TO POORPERFORMANCE?LEGEND:A.
 
Addiction to social media sites such as Facebook
 
B.
 
Lack of sleep and concentration due to spending too much time onsocial media sites.
C.
 
Laziness because of social media sites.
D.
 
Other; Specify 
 
Figure 3 shows that forty percent (40%) of the respondents answeredaddiction to social media sites such as
Facebook, forty two percent(42%) answered lack of sleep and concentration due to spending toomuch time on social
media sites, eighteen percent (18%) answeredlaziness because of social media sites, and zero percent (0%)
answeredothers.
40%42%18%0%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%A
B
C
D
FIGURE 3

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32
 Therefore, lack of sleep and concentration due to spending too muchtime on social media sites is the social factor
that causes their classperformance result to poor performance.
 
33
FIGURE 4: HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU SPEND USING SOCIAL MEDIASITES?LEGEND:A.
 
1-2 hours
 
B.
 
2-3 hours
C.
 
4 hours
D.
 
Other; Specify 
 
Figure 4 shows that forty six percent (46%) of the respondentsanswered that they spend 1-2 hours using social
media sites, thirtypercent (30%) answered 2-3 hours, twenty four percent (24%) answered4 hours above, and zero
percent (0%) answered others. Therefore, respondents answered that they only spend 1-2 hours usingsocial media.
46%30%24%0%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%A
B
C
D
FIGURE 4

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FIGURE 5: HOW CAN SOCIAL MEDIA HELP YOU TO IMPROVE YOURACADEMIC/CLASS
PERFORMANCE?LEGEND:A.
 
It can help me by using Facebook group chats making it easier forme to communicate with my classmates when
there are groupprojects.
B.
 
It can help me by getting information from my School relatedactivities.
C.
 
It can help me by getting answers from my assignments and
activities when I can’t find answers on books, dictionaries, et
c.
D.
 
Others; Specify 
 
Figure 5 shows that forty six percent (46%) of the respondentsanswered that social media can improve their
academic performanceby using facebook group chats, thirty percent (30%) answered that ithelps them by getting
information from school related activities, twenty
46%30%24%0%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%A
B
C
D
FIGURE 5

 
35
four (24%) answered that it helps them by getting answers from theirassignments and activities, and zero percent
(0%) answered others.
 
 Therefore, using facebook group chats helps them to improve theiracademic performance.

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36
TABLE
 
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO THE ACADEMICPERFORMANCE OF GRADE 12 STUDENTS
OF UNIVERSITY OFPANGASINAN
 
QUESTIONSNO. OFRESPONDENTSRESULTS/PERCENTAGE
ABCDABCD
1.
 
What are thepositive effects ofsocial media to youracademic/classperformance?25 18 7 0 50% 36% 14% 0%
2.
 
What are thenegative effectsof social media to youracademic/classperformance?25 15 10 0 50% 30% 20% 0%
3.
 
What are thesocial factorsthat causes youracademic/classperformanceresult to poorperformance?
20 21 18 0 40% 42% 18% 0%
4.
 
How much timedo you spendusing socialmedia sites?23% 15 24 0 46% 30% 24% 0%
5.
 
How can socialmedia help youto impove youracademic/classperformance
?
 23 15 12 0 46% 30% 24% 0%
 
37
 The Table shows the full result of the respondents’ assessment from the
questions/ questionnaire given by the researchers in the study entitled THE
EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCEOF GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
UNIVERSITY OF PANGASINAN.
 
 Theresult/percentage included in the figure shows the number of responds ineach question from the survey test.

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CHAPTER V
 
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 
 This chapter presents the findings of the study based from thegathered data and results. Through the use of these
findings, theconclusions and recommendations are made which hold a sufficientamount of proof to be considered
effective.
 
Summary
 
 This study has the goal to clarify the effects of Social media to theAcademic Performance of Grade 12 Students of
PHINMA
 – 
 University ofPangasinan, S.Y 2018-2019.
 
 This goal has been attained by making use of a questionnaire whichillustrated the perceptions of grade 12 students
regarding their personalbeliefs on the effects of social media towards their academic performance. The questionnaire
was made in the form of a checklist by which studentshad options to choose the answer they personally prefer.
Differentquestions given in the survey were made simple in order to have an easytransaction or communication
process with its respondents. Directionswere stated clearly and surveys were successfully submitted.
Afterconducting a survey which has been carefully examined by the expertteacher, the gathered data was tallied and
results were made clear orcategorized.
 

 
39
In treatment of the data, the study used the methods of FrequencyCount and Percentage Open Coding. These
methods illustrated themajority answers made by the respondents which clarified the currenteffects of social media
onto the specified student group.
 
Conclusion
 
Based on the findings of the study, the following statements have beenconcluded to answer the following questions:
 
1. What are the positive and negative effects of social media to theacademic performance of grade 12 students of
University of Pangasinan?
 
2. What are the social factors that causes the students academicperformance result to poor class performance?
 
3. How can social media help the grade 12 students of University ofPangasinan to improve their class performance?
 
 The following are the conclusions made in the study which havesufficient amount of data to be proven true:
 

 
Social media has both positive and negative effects to studentsacademic performance. It only shows that there is
a balance betweensocial media and students academic performance.

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
 
Social media helps students to improve their academic performancebut spending too much time on it will cause lack
of concentrationin studying.

 
 The use of facebook group chats helps the students in improvingtheir academic performance making is easier for
them to reach theirgroup mates when they have group projects.
 

 
 The research concluded that social media helps students with theirassignments and activities when they cannot find
information onbook, dictionaries, thesaurus, etc.
 
Recommendation
 

 
Since social media sites are now the most influential onstudents in terms of different aspects, the
researchersrecommend that the students should have the proper timemanagement to maintain the proper balance on
school andsocial life in social media sites.

 
Since the academic performance of the students is one of theaffected aspects of spending a lot of time on social
networkingsites, students should use it in a useful way such as readinginformative blogs and posts which is credited
or validated

 
41
with professionals, and also reading a useful informationposted by known group or an organization.

 
 The researchers recommend that students should only usesocial media sites when they have free time due to the
factthat spending too much time on these sites such as facebookmay cause lack of concentration when studying.

 
 Teachers should at least be aware in noticing whether underwhat situations are their students possibly affected by
socialmedia addiction. This will help teachers understand why somestudents claim to be poor in class at times due to
addiction tosocial media sites. We recommend teachers to considerreading this study in order to hopefully provide
additionalinformation about the effects of social media to their studentsacademic performance and make the
teaching of their ownstudents about these, better.

42
Bibliography
Internet references
• 
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4687&context=libphilprac
• 
http://www.ijbmi.org/papers/Vol(5)4/version-2/D050402022029.pdf
• 
http://baguioheraldexpressonline.com/impact-of-social-media-to-students-lives-academic-performance/
• 
https://www.scribd.com/doc/128848382/Research-Paper-on-the-Study-of-the-Effects-of-Facebook-on-Students
• 
https://turbofuture.com/internet/The-Positive-and-Negative-Effects-of-Facebook
• 
http://informationparlour.com/article-education-effects-social-media-education
• 
http://ezinearticles.com/?Facebook-Has-a-Negative-Impact-on-the-Concentration-of-Students&id=5692798
• 
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/education/article6078321.ece
•
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288516435_IMPACT_OF_SOCIAL_MEDIA _ON_STUDENT'S_ACAD
EMIC_PERFORMANCE
 
43
AppendicesAppendix A
University Of PangasinanArellano Street, Dagupan CitySenior High School DepartmentAnna Kristina E. Saldaña
 
Principal, Senior High School Department
 
PHINMA- University of Pangasinan
 
Maam:
 
Good Day!
 
We have the honor to request permission from your good office toallow us to administer questionnaires to the
section 12 STEM 01A to 5Aas the respondents. The data to be gathered will be used in our research
paper entitled “The Effects of Social Media to the academic performance ofGrade 12 students of University of
Pangasinan” in partial fulfillment of the
course requirements for the subject Practical Research (APP 006).
 
Your kind approval and favorable response to the above request willtruly help us in the completion of our research
work.
 
 Thank you and God Bless!
 

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44
Very truly yours,Baltazar, Diana Rose Z.Cadag, Jewel Rose C.Caoile, Jaylaiza Jane C.Cariño, Katherine S.Casiquin,
Shalana Kristi C.De Guzman, Jhayrick L.De Guzman, Mark Joseph F.Estrada, Duyne ZildjanMendoza, Askee
Khylee S.Rosal, Lee RobinSanchez, Wedns BeverNoted :Ms. Syvie Maramba
 
Subject teacher
 
Approved:
 
Anna Kristina Saldaña
 
SHS Principal
 
 
45
Appendix B
University Of PangasinanArellano Street, Dagupan CitySenior High School DepartmentDear Respondents,We, the
students from Grade 12-STEM 02A, are currentlyconducting a
study entitled “
 The Effects of Social Media to the Academic
Performance of Grade12 Students of University of Pangasinan” as our
requirement in our subject APP 006 (Practical Research 2).In line with this, we would like to request your
participation to beone of our respondents in our study. We hope you can help us byanswering our questionnaire
sincerely and truthfully.Sincerely, The ResearcherVery truly yours,Baltazar, Diana Rose Z.Cadag, Jewel Rose
C.Caoile, Jaylaiza Jane C.Cariño, Katherine S.Casiquin, Shalana Kristi C.De Guzman, Jhayrick L.De Guzman,
Mark Joseph F.Estrada, Duyne ZildjanMendoza, Askee Khylee S.Rosal, Lee RobinSanchez, Wedns
BeverNoted :Ms. Syvie Maramba
 
Subject teacher
  

46
Appendix C
University Of PangasinanArellano Street, Dagupan CitySenior High School Department The Effects of Social
Media to the Academic Performanceof Grade12 Students of University of
PangasinanName (Optional): _____________________________ Age: ________________Year and Section: _____
_____________________ Gender: _____________Direction: Read and understand each questions carefully. Put a
check onthe box of your chosen answer.
1.
 
What are the positive effects of social media to youracademic/class performance?It helps me with my assignments.It
is a source of communication which is a tool forinformation dissimination.It helps me to be updated from the latest
school events.Others;Specify __________.
2.
 
What are the negative effects of social media to youracademic/class performance?It distracts me from studying.It
lowers my grades in my subjects.It entertains me a lot, therefore I do not have time to study.Others;
Specify___________.
3.
 
What are the social factors that causes your academic/classperformance result to poor performance?Addiction to
social media sites such as FacebookLack of sleep and concentration due to spending too muchtime on social media
sites.Laziness because of social media sites

 
47
Other; Specify___________.4. How much time do you spend using social media sites?1-2 hours2-3 hours4
hoursOther; Specify___________.5. How can social media help you to impove youracademic/class performance?It
can help me by using Facebook group chats making iteasier for me to communicate with my classmates when there
aregroup projects.It can help me by getting information from my Schoolrelated activities.It can help me by getting
answers from my assignments and
activities when I can’t find answers on books, d
ictionaries, etc.Others; Specify ___________.

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CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Diana Rose Z. BaltazarAge: 18 years oldAddress: #326 Zamudio Street Cayanga San Fabian,
PangasinanContact number: 09398626038Grade and Strand: 12-STEMSignature:Name: Jewel Rose C. CadagAge:
17 years oldAddress: Bantayan, Mangaldan, PangasinanContact number: 099664013421Grade and Strand: 12-
STEMSignature:Name: Jaylaiza Jane C. CaoileAge: 17 years oldAddress: 370 Malabago Calasiao
PangasinanContact number: 09393731847Grade and Strand: 12- STEMSignature:
Katherine S. Cariño 17 y/o Bega, San Carlos City, Pangasinan 09091826657 STEM-ACADS
 

 
49