Scribd
Upload
68 views

Detection of Cation & Anion

The document discusses the detection of cations and anions in the first group using dilute HCl as the qualitative reagent. It provides the equations, experimental procedures, and expected results for confirming the presence of Pb2+ and CO32- ions.

Uploaded by

حسن كاظم ريسان B-4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
68 views

Detection of Cation & Anion

The document discusses the detection of cations and anions in the first group using dilute HCl as the qualitative reagent. It provides the equations, experimental procedures, and expected results for confirming the presence of Pb2+ and CO32- ions.

Uploaded by

حسن كاظم ريسان B-4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Medical chemistry Experiment : 2

detection of cation & anion

Presented by: Dr. Huda Mahdi Younis


Chemical analysis plays an important role in many field of
science, it has pronounced effect on the human life . It is an
important factor in the progress of medicine , Biochemistry ,
Geology, Mining etc....
 Cation are the positive part of any salt. Cations are formed
when an atom loses one or more electrons.

The cations cannot be tested directly as anions. It must be


dissolved to obtain an aqueous solution .

 The cations classified according to the solubility of their salt in


H2O into five groups.

 Each group has its own detector, which precipitates all of the
ions it contains. This detector is called a group reagent.

 The reagents used during confirmatory experiments to identify


group ions are called qualitative reagents.
Why we should analyze cations?

 Some elements are necessary for human life.

 Some elements are used for different pharmaceutical


purposes.

 Some element are environmental hazards that cause great risk


to human health.

The conc. In the body is related to the health status


 Anion is an ionic species with a negative charge. This is a type
of atom that has gained electrons.

 The concept of an anion is important in the corrosion industry


because certain anions facilitate corrosion.

 Anions can be tested directly as anions (solid).

 Anions are divided into three groups according to their reactivity.

 Each group has its own detector. This detector is called a group
reagent. The reagents used during confirmatory experiments are
called qualitative reagents
Detection of cations and anions of the first group
(Dilute HCl group)

cation+ HCl dil= White ppt


.
Group I Ag+, Hg22+ and Pb2+

Anion + HCl dil= Bubbles

Group I CO32- , HCO3– , SO32- , NO2– , S2O32- , S2-


Equations

Pb (NO3)2 + 2HCl PbCl2 + 2HNO3 cation

White ppt.
confirmatory experience
Pb (NO3)2 +K2Cr2O7 PbCr2O7 +2KNO3
yellow ppt.

Anion

Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O + CO2


Bubbles
NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + H2O + CO2
Bubbles

confirmatory experience

Na2CO3 + BaCl2 BaCO3 + 2NaCl

White ppt.

2NaHCO3 + BaCl2 Ba(HCO3)2 + 2NaCl

Ba(HCO3)2 BaCO3 + CO2 + H2O

Bubbles
Experiments:
cation
 Bring test tube and put small amount of the Pb (NO3)2 .

 Add distilled water to test tube and shake well until all of the substance
is dissolved.
 Add to the contents of the test tube a dilute HCl solution until you notice
a clear result.
confirmatory experience

 Bring test tubes and put small amount of the Pb (NO3)2 .

 Add distilled water to test tube and shake well until all of the substance
is dissolved.
 Add to the contents of the test tube a K2Cr2O7 solution until you notice a
clear result.
Experiments:
Anion
 Take two test tubes and put a small amount of Na2CO3 in the first tube
and a small amount of NaHCO3 in the second tube..

 Add to the contents of each test tube a dilute HCl solution until you
notice a clear result.
confirmatory experience

 Take two test tubes and put a small amount of Na2CO3 in the first tube
and a small amount of NaHCO3 in the second tube..

 Add to the contents of each test tube BaCl2 solution until you notice a
clear result.
 If precipitate does not form when adding BaCl2 to Na2CO3 , heat the test
tube until a precipitate is obtained
Results
Physical properties

Sample shape colour Solubility in


No. water
or name
Soluble /
insoluble

Experiment Observation Result

You might also like