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Fibre To Fabric

This document discusses different types of fibers used to make fabric. It describes plant fibers like cotton and jute, and animal fibers like wool and silk. Wool comes from the thick coat of hair that sheep and other animals grow during winter to keep warm. The hair traps air, insulating the animal. Sheep are sheared annually at the start of summer. Silk is produced by silkworm caterpillars spinning cocoons; the fibers are reeled out of the cocoons to make silk thread.

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Himanshu Jaglan
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66 views2 pages

Fibre To Fabric

This document discusses different types of fibers used to make fabric. It describes plant fibers like cotton and jute, and animal fibers like wool and silk. Wool comes from the thick coat of hair that sheep and other animals grow during winter to keep warm. The hair traps air, insulating the animal. Sheep are sheared annually at the start of summer. Silk is produced by silkworm caterpillars spinning cocoons; the fibers are reeled out of the cocoons to make silk thread.

Uploaded by

Himanshu Jaglan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BCM SCHOOL, SEC.

32A, CHANDIGARH ROAD, LUDHIANA


SYNOPSIS- SCIENCE CLASS VII CH 3 FIBRE TO FABRIC

Fibres obtained from the plants are called plant fibres. Examples are cotton and jute.
Fibres obtained from the animals are called animal fibres. Examples are silk and wool.
Wool is obtained from hair of animals like Sheep, Goat, Yak, Camel, Rabbit, Llama
and Alpaca. These animals are called wool-yielding animals.
Actually, wool-yielding animals have a thick coat of hair (fur) on their body to keep
them warm during cold winter season.
 The hair trap a lot of air and air is a poor conductor of heat.
 So, this trapped air prevents their body heat to escape out and keep them
warm in winter.
 That is why the hair of these animals is removed only once in a year at the
beginning of summer season.
The hairy skin of sheep has two types of fibres that form its fleece:-
(a) The coarse beard hair and
(b) The fine, soft under hair, close to the skin.
The process of selecting parent sheep for obtaining special characteristics in their
offspring is called selective breeding.
Wool is obtained from the sheep by a long process which involves the following
steps : shearing, scouring, sorting, dyeing, combing and spinning.
SHEARING:-The process of removing hair (or fleece) of a sheep along with a thin layer
of skin is called shearing .
It is done with the help of machine.
SCOURING: The process of washing the fleece (hair) to remove dust, dirt, sweat,
grease etc is called scouring.
SORTING:- The process of separating the fleece of the sheep according to quality of
woollen fibres (such as texture: fine or coarse, length :long, short etc) is called
sorting.
 The people who do the job of sorting are called sorters. The sorter’s job is
very risky because sometimes the sorter’s get infected by bacteria which
cause a fatal blood disease named sorter’s disease.
DYEING:-The white woollen fibres obtained after sorting can be dyed in different
colours.
STRAIGHTENING:-It is the process of combing the entangled woollen fibres to
remove small fluffy fibres called burrs.
SPINNING:-The process of making yarn from long fibres is called spinning .
SILK
Silk is a fine, strong, soft and shining animal fibre produced by an insect named
silkworms which feeds on leaves of mulberry trees. Silk is a protein fibre.
The process of rearing silkworms for obtaining silk is called Sericulture.
The female silk moth lays eggs on leaves of mulberry trees which hatch to form
larvae called as caterpillars or silkworms.
These caterpillars feed on mulberry leaves and grow in size and are ready to enter
next stage called pupa.
The silky covering spun by the caterpillar around itself is called cocoon. At this stage,
caterpillar becomes pupa.
When the pupa develops fully to form an adult silk moth, then the cocoon splits up
and young silk moth comes out.
The adult female silk moth lays eggs and this way the life history of silk moth is
completed.
But in order to produce silk, the silkworm developing inside the cocoon is not
allowed to mature into adult silk moth. So as soon as the cocoon is formed they are
placed in hot water.
Hot water makes the silk fibres to separate out to form the threads of silk from
cocoon.
This process of taking out the silk fibres from cocoon is called Reeling of silk.
Some of the varieties of silk are Mulberry silk, Tassar silk, Mooga silk, Kosa silk and
Eri silk.

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:


1. Differentiate between plant and animal fibres.
2. Why do wool yielding animals have hair on their bodies?
3. How does hair keep wool yielding animals warm?
4. Why does the hair of wool yielding animals removed only once in a year at the
beginning of summer season?
5. Give names of four wool yielding animals.
6. What is the food of sheep?
7. What is selective breeding?
8. Explain the various steps of processing fibres into wool.
9. Define sericulture, cocoon, and reeling of silk.
10. Name various varieties of silk.
11. How is silk obtained from cocoon?

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