THE KAT1PUT AN A2'iD UtL*• REVOLUTIGN

y r no ed t cu n t ge ne ra Ma Lu -aa Ce meri no to I ieu ¿gg Su prerao Andrea Bon \fa•.i ›, g . }yfa riaan NI M“rarez, @&s-W 6l
.s p t rr i on cl, an t1 C n pt Anter P fireI to rti eior . x I t p tq , ’A r tg ton Vi 11 an ‹ie va , M eri an o C. Tr i as, D\ego Mcj t c a,
TOc tic ve I u t ion •'n s fac• n g a gre ve c ris is The Ka ti p unan forceg tn D oe S t A1varez,’Artemio Ricarte, Santos
C •, • i ie era . •u'frr mp d• teat aft•t defes t in th gre st I oss of li fe. p Icon, Luciano San 5\igu°.,. Pablo *Vtojica, 9everLao de las AJaa, and
lantiego Rillo, alI of them of the Magdi want. nmong the Magdalo
Meeted at the head table were Meesrs BaJdoznero Agu naldo, Daruel
Tirona, and Cayetano Topacio
cc u.d etc p the Up.s nish a di ance inIn the rest of the province that It must be mentioned tf.a*. before the assembly sae csv vened,
F.•›d by t)ie Stagdp we rig and tn forestall the loss of more Seer a Of War AnstGn V illan up'/a of the Magdiwang Counci1
S • pre rrio Qohifacio, wiLh the approval of other revol iition- received the conhdential information that jot the
o ry lms ders, en11 ed a meet ng of the Magdalo and i4agdiwang lesd- Magdalo faction was set to undermine the pe d goe t n e aseem-
e re Tñ.i s m•'e••i.-ig, scheduled for 24 March 1897 was postponed for bid and that he had already succeeded in enjoining many among
tf e nex t da ' because of the death of Lt Gen. Cinspulo Aguinaldo, the Magdiwang leaders to e fly with him. Secretary Ttltanueva kept
* rn i . i o Agu i i‹ a1 do's broth e r, on that d ay in t.he B attle of silent, but nevertheless ale r ted Ca ptain General Apoy, who had
fa troops in readiness for any su dden eventuality.
n•. M. a2d i w'.a rig Iéad ers were waiting for their Magdalo counter- The Welders were seated a t the presidential table, as previously
:he T‹'j.:rt s . frlar estate house, the designated place, loog described. and all the others -were standing in groups on both sides
fi r thu *.y They had. to start in the afternoon to allow of those seated. After Chairman Jacinto Lumbreras had declared the
e n e my ’r a ids, w-hi ch came in the morni rig, ’ to subside

Ia labo n. the n the Magdalo group finally came presently roee to speak id wide
' fi. ve .r. t be a fterrioon, they brow ght Cth them the sad news was recognized he sod,
of fi'• ñ':s th of Gc nera I Mag‹ialo’s own brother. Heading a small
groc; , U•. n er»I N agda lo recounted tJne cireu;ostan ces of the heroic
Then he begged to be excused to attend
r a r:gem c nts for h is beloved brother's funeral. Th us, the meeting
- •‹a ;. o: oU t‹› r '.hc ncr.I day a I the same place. “As initiator of the Revolutiori,’ Chairman Lumbreras replied, ‘the
'N i: i›efo r e d ic• persi rig,- Secretary df the Treasury D ieg9 Mojtea Katipunan now holds authority over the islands. It bas a govern-
pre: ›se°i ucre-o! I ion of conddlence a nd prayers for patriots who had ment of law• and a definite program. It is obeyed and respected by
k q Lt Gen. C rispulo Agu inaldo The Supremo all because ii stands for freedom, brotherly love, and a well-organ-
Bo:. fa c.o t!io ogh t th is ways superfl uous and objected to such a reso- ized and well-run government. The purpose of ’tnis ning is to
’ . - Mr ue I c.e r›r cv ii n try," the Su premo argued, “and service to discuss the best measures to take to strengthen they
the Mother iend are the most noble attrib- We should avoid surrendering the
ou!d en so re oae's place in heaven. Lt Gen. Crispulo heoneq ers tp n army should the Magdalo eventually
#.g'ui . a!1o and the com redes who died before him are all truly blessed lose out.”
c nd •e .nu a i n the i r respec(ive pt aces in the heavenly kingdom. The chair next recognized tne Supremo. He concurred Frith what
!’›f oren'. c r, t hey wi!l al-+ays occupy an honored place in the history Chairman Lumbreras had just gaid and explained that the ‘K* in
of t ur c‹a un Irv. the middle of the sun in the Katipunan flag used in the Revolution.
stood for

32 Mr. Severino de as Alas spoke again. He countered that the

letter W” and the sun on the flag did not indicate whether the revo-
assembly o t Tejeros his finally convened o • lutionary government was democratic or not.
The i n •' i Anti ons to the meeting were signed by - The Supremo replied that *rom the rank and file to the highest
ct th• §4agdi wang Counc ), and he presided over the as- levels, the Katipunan was united in its respect for universal broth-
Terri b‹J fipa I.erJ xvi t,h Jiu mbreras at the long presidential table w•.re erhood and equality of men. It was risking bloodshed and life itself
 p }tgtip an, ns you k now,‘ Mr. Lumbreras explained, ‘was
bi• com the &ginning for th• spresd of
y$pt throughout the Philippines. But because of the diaaffm-
•as called I» eotnblish a new overall revo-
we are U›Ja ambitious and josportant
g, only the gupremo 5aa the ngfit to preside at this as-
b}y, (or he i the Father of the Jtatipunan and the Revolubom”
and his proposal was
‘ General Appy aa hurt ously accspRd. The assumed the cbair-
bZ ’ theee Fords of accordingly and said, ‘Your aim iB to Htablish a nan O er-
9'I:tttly .stood u end looked Mgrlly at the previous ape er. g$zernment of the Kati punan of the Sons of the People. This
the decisions made at e meeting held ct the frinr
tax house in Imre.

Because of a repeated clamor for the approval of the establish-

but do not accomplish anything. I‘f ment of a government of the Philippine Republic, the chair proceeded
kind of govern m ent ttiat is to ypur @ prepare for an election to the following positions: president, vice-
o back to your localitie» and president, minister of finance, minister of wel fare, mi meter of
panish control! Then you can do what pleased j tice, and captain general.
fugc among cowards who might call The 9upremo epoke again before the election began. He said that
for everybody's aatisfa ction, I ate now the candidate who would get the most number o£ votes for each
positiozz s o L wñzner,
H Apoy stopped speaking and looked intenUy at the V/hat e za r was I at t e can-
ordered a detachment under MQ didats had never been a traitor to the cauee of the Motherland.
'* f o as tn. keep him under. rd. After a short while, Everyone agreed and there were shouto of approval such as, fat
pleaded with is how it ahould b quality for everyone! Nobody should be higher
OnHnflgTO, but to Set km aLay 8t nor lower than the other. May love of country prevail!”
ere they themsel v& were staying. They volun- The Supremo Bonifacio appointed Gen. Artemio Ricarte as secre-
personally responsible for Mr. Montenegro while tary. Then, with the help of Mr. Daniel Tirona, be distributed pieces
fia pta General Apoy easily acceded to the of paper to serve as ballots When the ballots ad b cted
’ and the votes were ready to be cans
strong and exc‹red deounciatioz\ by”Capt General Apoy of
!\Montenegro alerted the Magdiwaqg troops. The leaders eyed
ere only awaitiog a aignal. fi-om General
proceeded a'ith the business at haad aa if nothing yyyy py1 had
happened.
When the ve for president were counted, Mr. Emilio Aguinaldo
d’ U 0n the others to continue. non over Mr. Andrea Bonifacio, the Supremo. The winner tae
H$ Of Mr Lmbroras, refused to resume applause and shouts of ”Mabuhay!” (Long live!)
^" wanted > held Mp.i;ji§ir to the Supremo Jo de laz Al ss spoke again to say that since the
pcio had received the eeeond highest number of vol
 B6 87

to t the pres idency, he ‘flh out d be proclaimed vice - president eepaeity as chairman of this con mention and us Preaiden
g ve r n me n t of th e P)i i li pt›ino ’RO pu blic. When nobody aignifitd of the Most Venerable Katipunan of the done of the People
a pprovoi or disapprova I of the yro pota1, the p•eslding officer, tbt meociation ia kno•o n and acknowledged by all, I hereby
So premo Bonifa cio, ru led that the election be continued. For vice tclars *u11 and void o11 m,'ors approved in thie meeting.’
presidon t, Mf. Mari a no Tnas won k ve r Mr. Maria no quicJ•.1y a nd was followed by his aides and some
Su premo Ben i facie. G on eral Vibora was e lected
A p 3}'. fi t‘0t’f£1I Vt thro dem urred,'safe np ttiat he hod neither the abit. Pfr. Baldomero Atpiinaldo, the Magdalo president, did not leave
new position. But General Apoy cut Francisco de Malabo n that night, in order to convince the
th nt he personally touched for Get. iu•gdiwang l•.aders to recnn ver\e the disrupted roeeLicg the /olIow
and ri8h t to occupy the port oa to whicl; ’ ’.' day. They agreed to hiy proposal. That same night, rumor had
lie wa s e feet nd. fit•n nm) Apoy's endorsement was greeted with shouts -it that Messrs. Maria no Tri as, Daniel firona, Emiliano R. dz Dr oa,
1. on g I i›e 1.hr' n ewl y elccmd captain general!" 5 fijago illo, and othere 'more in the parnh houae of the Catholic
M r. Ha I doin uro f\ Ji na ldo wanted the elections to be finished before church at Tanza (9anta Crow do Malabonl, and that they were
t;ot too dark To furi litn te the counting of votes, he suggested that : •. ‹offerring north the priest, fir. Cenon Villafranca. Many atteeñd to
*11»thcr pos itilns to be voted u pon, voters ehould stand on one tieing them, but no one knew what they talked about.
*' " °8 the h all if in favor rind on the other side if against. The sug. : ’ On the request of Magdalo Pree. Baldoincro Aguinaldo, a meeting
the election fior the position of , was called at the same friar estate house in Tejeros. Called on the
de Dios was elected overwhelms dgy gRer the tumultuous con'/ention, its purpose was te continue and
i revalldate the proceedings of the election meeting, to revi ve their
I ’1'iro n.‹ . /Yftt r, th c voters li ad g; von the proper honors to the new former alliances, and to restore eordiality and fraternal love in their
tary tit w@ , th oy proceeded to elett the Secretary of the inte- relations. Aside from the Supremo Andres Bonifacio, among the
l i r M r M d tes Bo ni facio, the Su premo, we n over MW. Mari•no Magdiwang lenders who attended were Messrs. Mariano Aivarez,
hroke rn to sh outs of '“Mabuh ay!" I\4r. Danial Diego Moji ca, Aris ton Vi I I a n uev a, Pascu al Al va red. 3a zi mo
n restoration of order rind then spoke aloud: Lumbreroe, Santiago Al va r ez, Artemio Ricarte, Nicolas Portill a,
i\4 v ft reth ren, the offirn of Secretary of the interior is of eo great -’• Santoe Nocon, and Fr. Man ue1 Sri as, the pariah priest of As n
' ^‹ P" '* n d ef such sensitivi ty that we shoul d n.ot entrust it to ono Francisco de Malabon. They waited unU1 five that afternoon, but
w'ho i z not o i ln wyor. One amon g us hr'te tz 0 lawyer. He is Mr. none of the Magdalo members camo, not even their president who
.I r›sr tdr•l How.‹ rio. Let ue reconiider thp choice for the fact position, ‘ - had initiated what would hn ve been a reconciliation meeting.
I'› r lie li o i n o cre den tia1 s , to show a ttesti rig to a ny educational That same night it was rumored that the Magdalo leaders were
a ttn i n mii t. • : currently holding their own meeting at the parish house in Tanza.
1 heri in as ]o4fi a vojep ns hs couM m utter, Tirona shouted, ”Let Though k had reason to be apprehensive because the Magdalo wert
u «)':ct ñ'l r. Josh Ie) Jtosar?o, the ]awyqr!“ meeting in territory under its jurisdiction, the Msgdiwang leadership
F› re.a i.ly ei/Jbor?.’ seed, the Supremo Bonifacio qutcMy atood up and I ooked the other way because the Magdal o were hard -preased
to o bid e by th e m njopity vote and accept its choice for meeting places since its territories had all been taken by the
m n I.ter w li a t th e stot in n in 'I r« of the peraon e lected. And Spanish eneroy.
b•-c., rise of t his, I dema nd from you, Mr. Daniel Tiron a, an apology. The next morning, 27 March 1897, eyewitnesses who had spied
Yo'i in us1. restore to the ' 4otcrs rind. the one t5ey elected the honor , on the proceedings revealed thot, indeed, a meeting had taken pJace
t ‹'‹' i i« ve o n Jy now 'beam i rched.“ at the Tanza parish house und that the Supremo's decisions regard-
’l'h‹,'ri he po I It:d out h is revolver n nd took oim. ing the election at the friar estata house were not respected. Theae
I n -• te:id of r'• › I yr ng, M r. 1'irona ignored the In prcmo’s re ‘ revelations surfaced despite denials from many sectors.
i i i i1, ; r h, ip i tween via‹• of leer, he slid nway end got loet in t ’ . At the gathering in the Tanza parish houoe, those elected at the
I I:!›oi‹I cr eii›:i› t'd . a o tf›u conven tiori secrttsry trite fejeros convention knelt before 'a crucifix and in the name of
)y Raj the highest pontiff of the Roman Catholic ehurch,
l:• 'l’. ‹r +: ,;1é )t u ftMl0 0#jQ ’
’#7f›f(l!i ”