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Land Transportation Lesson 3

Land transport involves the movement of people and goods on land using various modes such as road and rail transport. Road transport is the most flexible option and exists worldwide using vehicles like cars, buses, and trucks. Rail transport involves specialized trains running on tracks to transport passengers and freight over medium to long distances. Both modes have advantages like speed and capacity but also disadvantages including high costs and environmental impacts.

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Akira Pajulas
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234 views

Land Transportation Lesson 3

Land transport involves the movement of people and goods on land using various modes such as road and rail transport. Road transport is the most flexible option and exists worldwide using vehicles like cars, buses, and trucks. Rail transport involves specialized trains running on tracks to transport passengers and freight over medium to long distances. Both modes have advantages like speed and capacity but also disadvantages including high costs and environmental impacts.

Uploaded by

Akira Pajulas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Land Transportation

Land Transportation

• Land transport is the transport or movement


of people, animals or goods from one
location to another location on land

• The two main forms of land transport can be


considered to be rail transport and road
transport.
Road Transport
• Road transport is one of the modes of transport which
involves the use of motor vehicles (cars, lorries, buses,
bicycles, trucks and animals).

• Road transport was developed first and it exists in all


parts of the world.

• Road transport compared with other modes of


transportation is more flexible, no specialized
machinery or technique is necessary for it use so that
all countries no matter how backward, possess them
in some form
Types of Road Transport
• Animal
• walking
• Automobile
• Cycling
• Bus
• Heavy-duty vehicle
• Non-motorized transport
Animal
• This is mostly referred to as beast of burden.

• It is the oldest means of transportation; this


usually involves using animals to transport
people and goods on land or road.

• Examples of animal used for this


transportation include camel, horse, donkey,
elephant, and giraffe.
Walking
• Walking is a means of transport that is commonly done
on the road, it is used for only on short distance trips.
Automobile
• This is motorized vehicle consisting of wheels and it is powered by an
internal engine and does not operate on railways like trains and trolleys.
Automobiles are used to transport people and items from one location
to another location on roads.
Cycling
• This is also referred to as biking or the use of bicycle;
this means of transportation is often used for
conveying people or goods within short and
moderate distance trips.

• It is one of the cheapest means of transportation.

• Cycling is a very efficient, an effective mode of


transportation with zero emission and it is as time-
effective or even better as motorized traffic in dense
and congested urban areas.
Bus
• This is a road vehicle designed to carry
passengers and goods to various locations.
Some buses are designed with a large
capacity to convey about 18 to 60
passengers at a time on larger roads.

• Examples of the common types of buses are


the single-decker rigid bus, double-decker
buses, articulated buses, midibuses and
minibuses.
Heavy duty vehicles
• These are vehicles designed for heavy work for
example the pick-up truck, Truck tractors with a
GVWR above 26,000 pounds, heavy duty vans,
heavy-duty trailers and tankers.

• Most heavy-duty vehicles are powered by diesel


engines especially in older models, they can emit
high levels of particulates, nitrogen oxides, and other
pollutants that cause both chronic disease and
premature death, especially in urban areas and
among the most vulnerable populations.
Non-motorized transport
• These are small-wheeled transport like
skates, skateboards, push scooters and
handcarts and wheelchair travel.

• Non-motorized transportation is also known


as active transportation or human powered
transportation; these modes of transport are
commonly used for recreational purposes
Advantages of Road Transport

1. Road transport creates flexibility of service since numerous routes and destinations are
possible.

2. The maintenance cost involved in road transport is low.

3. It offers directness and door-to-door communication is made possible.

4. It enables great speed and cheapness over short distances

5. Road transport carries more passengers and goods within localities because they are
normally constructed to connect towns and villages where rail, air and water transports are
absent.

6. Wide range of goods can be carried since roads are more able than other systems to handle
outsized objects.
Disadvantages of Road Transport

1. Roads and motor vehicles need constant maintenance and this


adds greatly to running costs.

2. Road transport links many places more than any other means of
transport

3. Most drivers and road users are very careless and as a result of
this, a lot of accidents have claim thousands of lives and
property.

4. Road transport at times can be very slow due to many factors


such as poor maintenance, weather and traffic congestion.
Disadvantages of Road Transport

5. Most cities have so many vehicles which ply the road, hence resulting in
traffic congestion.

6. Road transport is not suitable for conveying heavy and bulky goods.

7. Motorways are detrimental to the beauty of the countryside and to urban


living, motor vehicles cause a lot of air pollution in the city leading to global
warming and other environmental hazards.

8. Transport by roads does not operate on schedule and therefore it is very


disappointing most times.
Rail Transport
• Rail transport or railway transport is defined as the
movement of people and commodities via the use
of railways or railroads, or it is the movement of
passengers and goods via wheeled vehicles made
to move on railway tracks or rails.

• A train is a connected series of rail vehicles that


move along the track, an engine locomotive
running on electricity or on diesel powers trains.

• The railroad is a transportation system laid with metal rails


that is designed to allow trains to maneuver on the tracks
for the transportation of passengers and freight from one
location to another.
Types of Rail Transport

• Metro rail • Light railway


• Mono rail • Eurostar
• Passenger train • Cable rail
• Freight train • High-speed rail
Metro rail
This is an underground railway system in
a city; it covers a smaller inner-urban
area ranging outwards to between 12km
to 20km (8 to 14 miles).

The usual British word for the


underground railway system in London is
the tube. The American word is subway.
Monorail Passenger train
railway system in which trains
travel on a single metal track. This type of train only carries
passengers and not freight.

Freight train
It is a train that carries only
goods.
Light railway Eurostar
a railway for small trains, a fast train that travels between Britain,
usually one that people ride on France, and Belgium using the Channel
for pleasure. Tunnel.
Cable rail High-speed rail
This railway is usually attached to a This refers to passenger rail systems
cable by which it is pulled up a running at operational speed between 200
and 300 km/h, and above in some cases, it
mountain. is significantly faster than traditional rail
traffic, using an integrated system of
specialized rolling stock and dedicated
tracks.
Advantages of Rail Transport

1. It is relatively safer to travel by train than to travel by road transport or air


transport.

2. Rail transport has the abilto conveyying heavy and bulky goods; it is also very
cheap, safe and comfortable for passengers over a long distance.

3. Rail transport provides a fast and reliable service; trains running on their own
tracks can be timed to minimize the chance of congestion and delay.

4. High-speed trains, which carry mainly passengers, help to reduce time spent on
travels. Such trains are called Bullet trains in Japan, InterCity 125 in Britain and
Express or limited passenger Train in Nigeria.
Advantages of Rail Transport
5. Rails like any other mode of transport helps to open up new and many remote
places.

6. Rail is particularly suited to passenger transport since it provides speed,


cheapness, comfort and safety; this advantage is greatest for distances under
400km since above distance the completion from air strengthen.

7. Rail can provide a magnet to industries, and stations becomes centres of new
urban complexes. For instance, Crewe, Swindon and Peterborough.

8. Rail is a relatively clean form of transport and has only little air pollution
released to the atmosphere.
Disadvantages of Rail Transport
1. It involves high construction costs, maintenance costs and operating costs, this
remains true whether the system is used or not.

2. It can be expensive to use, especially over short distances or for small amounts of
cargo.

3. Rail transport is relatively slower than some other means of transport especially
in Africa.

4. Inflexible service since tracks cannot easily be moved

5. Lines established in the past may become out-dated and a financial burden.

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