UNIVERSITY OF THE CORDILLERAS

College of Teacher Education

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
A. Identify the proper measures in giving immediate care.
B. Define what is natural disaster.
C. Discuss what are the four phases of emergency preparedness.
D. Apply proper basic first aid
E. Appreciate the Importance and Values of First Aid Training.

Instructional Material/s:
A. Power Point Presentation
B. Handout
C. Canvas
D. Zoom
Teaching-Learning Activity:
Emergency Preparedness
 refers to the steps you take to make sure you are safe before, during,
and after an emergency or natural disaster.
 These plans are important for your safety in both natural disasters and
man-made disasters.
Should You Prepare?
 Preparation is the best method of coping with devastating long-term
effects.
 Threats of bioterrorism, disease outbreak, and even other emergencies
that could greatly impact you and your community.
Why should you prepare
 After a disaster, local officials and relief workers may not be able to
reach everyone immediately. depending on the disaster, assistance
could be days or weeks away.
 Would your family be prepared to cope with an emergency until help
arrives?
How to Prepare
 Make sure to have a family communication plan in place; all members
of the family should review and practice the plan
 Have all family members' and other important phone numbers written
down or memorized
 Have an emergency kit in your car and at least three days of food and
water at home
 Be sure to store all important documents – birth certificates, insurance

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 policies, etc. – in a fire-proof safe or safety deposit box
 Assign one family member the responsibility of learning first aid and
CPR
 Know how to shut off utilities
Natural Disaster
Natural disasters are extreme, sudden events caused by environmental
factors that injure people and damage property.
Flood
 Failing to evacuate flooded areas, entering flood waters, or remaining
after a flood has passed can result in injury or death. Flooding is a
temporary overflow of water onto land that is normally dry.
What to do?
 Do not walk, swim, or drive through flood waters. Turn Around, Don’t
Drown!
 Stay off of bridges over fast-moving water.
 Evacuate if told to do so.
 Move to higher ground or a higher floor.
 Gather supplies in case you have to leave immediately, or if services
are cut off.
 Keep in mind each person’s specific needs, including medication.
 Don’t forget the needs of pets.
 Obtain extra batteries and charging devices for phones and other
critical equipment.
TSUNAMI
 A tsunami is a series of enormous ocean waves caused by
earthquakes, underwater landslides, volcanic eruptions, or asteroids.
What to do?
 First, protect yourself from an Earthquake. Drop, Cover, then Hold On.
 Get to high ground as far inland as possible.
 Be alert to signs of a tsunami, such as a sudden rise or draining of
ocean waters.
 Listen to emergency information and alerts.
 Evacuate: DO NOT wait! Leave as soon as you see any natural signs of
a tsunami or receive an official tsunami warning.
 If you are in a boat, go out to sea.
EARTHQUAKE
 An earthquake is the sudden, rapid shaking of the earth, caused by
the breaking and shifting of underground rock. Earthquakes can cause
buildings to collapse and cause heavy items to fall, resulting in injuries
and property damage.
What to do?
 Practice Drop, Cover, then Hold On with family and coworkers. Drop to
your hands and knees. Cover your head and neck with your arms.
Crawl under a sturdy table or desk if nearby. Hold on to any sturdy

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 furniture until the shaking stops. If a table or desk is not close, crawl next
to an interior wall.
 If you are in a vehicle, pull over and stop. Set your parking brake.
 If you are outdoors, stay outdoors away from buildings.
 Make a supply kit that includes enough food and water for at least
three days, a flashlight, and a whistle.
LANDSLIDES
 In a landslide, masses of rock, earth or debris move down a slope.
Debris and mud flows are rivers of rock, earth, and other debris
saturated with water. They develop during intense rainfall, runoff, or
rapid snowmelt, changing the earth into a flowing river of mud or
“slurry.”
What to do?
 To begin preparing, you should build an emergency kit and make
a family communications plan.
 Connect with your local emergency services, heed evacuation
warnings.
 Leave if you have been told to evacuate or you feel it is unsafe to
remain in your home.
Disaster Management
 Republic Act (RA) No. 10121 otherwise known as Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Act of 2010 which was enacted on May
27, 2010 was established to strengthen the Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR) system.
 It specifically provides for the development of policies, plans and the
implementation of actions and measures pertaining to all aspects of
disaster risk reduction and management, including good governance,
risk assessment and early warning, knowledge building and awareness
raising, reducing underlying risk factors, and preparedness for effective
response and early recovery (COA, 2014).
Disaster
 Sudden catastrophic event leading to disruption of life patterns in a
certain locality that will lead to the loss of life and property in addition
to multiple injuries
Events leading to a disaster
 20% of population are affected and in need of assistance
 40% of the means of livelihood are destroyed
 Major roads and bridges are destroyed and impassable at least 1
week
 Widespread destruction of fishponds, crops, poultry and livestock, and
other agricultural products

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Four phases of emergency management
Mitigation
• Measures taken in advance of a disaster
• Minimizing vulnerability and hazard/risk (immunization, public
education).
• Developing early warning system.
• Hazard risk identification and assessment.
Preparedness
 Prepare people to react appropriately during and after disasters.
 Education and training of local officials, volunteers and conduct of
drills
 Establish and strengthen capacities of communities to anticipate,
cope and recover form negative impacts.
Response
 Measure taken immediately prior to and following an
emergency
 Directed towards saving life, protecting property, and dealing
with the immediate damage
 Search and rescue, cleaning debris, feeding and sheltering
Recovery and rehabilitation
 Short Term – Restoring lifeline systems ( power, communication, water
and sewage, transportation).
 Long Term – Economic activity, Facilities and housing
As defined in RA 10121 (2010),
"Disaster Risk Reduction and Management"
> refers to the systematic process of using administrative directives,
organizations, and operational skills and capacities to implement strategies,
policies and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse
impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster.

Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management for

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Basic First Aid
 Immediate care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly
taken ill when medical service is not available.
 A first aider’s overall aim should be to preserve life. Other aims of first
aid include prevent the worsening of the patient’s condition and to
promote recovery.
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider
 Assess the situation quickly and calmly
 Protect yourself and them from any danger
 Prevent infection between you and them
 Assess the casualty and give first aid treatment
 Bridge that fills the gap between the victim and the physician.
Characteristics of a Good First Aider
 Gentle
 Resourceful
 Observant
 Tactful
 Empathetic
Hindrances in Giving First Aid
 Unfavorable surroundings.
 Presence of crowds.
 Pressure from victim or relatives.
How to deal with an Emergency
 S- urvey the scene
 I- ntroduce your self
 R- esponsiveness
A. Verbal
B. Mechanical
C. Oral
 A- ctive for help
Survey the Scene
 Is the scene safe?
 What happened?
 How many are injured?
 Are there bystanders who could help?
Introduce your self
 Say your name
 Let the patient know you are a first aider.
 Let the by standers know your trained first aider.
Responsiveness
 Verbal- speak loud and clear and ask the patient about his/her injury.
 Mechanical- ask the patient if he/she can move the injured part.
 Oral- if the victim is unconscious check if there are obstructions in
his/her mouth.

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Do a Primary Check on the Victim
 Check for responsiveness;
 If unresponsive, shout for help;
 Position the victim if necessary;
 Open the Airway;
 Check for Breathing;
 If breathless, give two initial ventilation;
 Check for Pulse;
 Activate Medical Assistance;
 Do necessary first aid measures.
Do a Secondary Check on the Victim
 Interview the victim;
 Determine if breathing, pulse and body temperature are
normal;
 Look for other injuries.
Do a Secondary Check on the Victim
 Interview the victim;
 Determine if breathing, pulse and body temperature are
normal;
 Look for other injuries.

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