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F&E Normal Ranges

The document discusses various electrolytes including sodium, calcium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, BUN, creatinine, phosphorus and their normal ranges and symptoms of increases and decreases from normal levels. Electrolyte imbalances can cause symptoms like fatigue, muscle cramps, confusion, irregular heartbeat, and nausea or vomiting. Maintaining electrolyte levels within their normal ranges is important for proper bodily function.

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35 views

F&E Normal Ranges

The document discusses various electrolytes including sodium, calcium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, BUN, creatinine, phosphorus and their normal ranges and symptoms of increases and decreases from normal levels. Electrolyte imbalances can cause symptoms like fatigue, muscle cramps, confusion, irregular heartbeat, and nausea or vomiting. Maintaining electrolyte levels within their normal ranges is important for proper bodily function.

Uploaded by

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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ELECTROLYTES

Student Name: Novah A. Ladroma


Section/Group: N31-Group 3

ELECTROLYTES NORMAL RANGE INCREASE DECREASE


Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia • Nausea and vomiting.
• Muscle weakness. • Headache.
• Restlessness. • Confusion.
• Extreme thirst. • Loss of energy, drowsiness
• Confusion. and fatigue.
SODIUM 135 to 145 mEq/L • Lethargy. • Restlessness and irritability.
• Irritability. • Muscle weakness, spasms or
• Seizures. cramps.
• Unconsciousness. • Seizures.
• Coma

Hypercalcemia Hypocalcemia
• More frequent urination • paresthesia
and thirst. • muscle spasms
• Fatigue. • cramps
• Bone pain. • tetany
CALCIUM 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL • Headaches. • circumoral numbness
• Nausea and vomiting. • seizures.
• Constipation.
• Decrease in appetite.
• Forgetfulness, depression
or irritability.
Hyperkalemia Hypokalemia
• Abdominal (belly) pain and • Constipation.
diarrhea. • Heart palpitations.
• Chest pain. • Extreme tiredness (fatigue).
• Heart palpitations or • Muscle weakness and
3.6 to 5.2 mmol/L arrhythmia (irregular, fast spasms.
POTASSIUM
or fluttering heartbeat). • Tingling and numbness.
• Muscle weakness or
numbness in limbs.
• Nausea and vomiting.

Hyperchloremia Hypochloremia
• fatigue. • fluid loss.
• muscle weakness. • dehydration.
• excessive thirst. • weakness or fatigue.
CHLORIDE 96 to 106 mEq/L • dry mucous membranes. • difficulty breathing.
• high blood pressure. • diarrhea or vomiting, caused
by fluid loss.

Hypermagnesemia Hypomagnesemia
• nausea. • anorexia
• vomiting. • nausea
1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL • neurological impairment. • vomiting
MAGNESIUM • abnormally low blood • lethargy
pressure (hypotension) • weakness
• flushing. • personality change
• headache. • tetany (eg, positive
Trousseau or Chvostek sign,
spontaneous carpopedal
spasm, hyperreflexia)
• tremor
• muscle fasciculations.

• Needing to urinate (pee) • Frequent urination.


more often or less often • Discolored urine (bloody,
than usual. dark, or foamy)
• Itching. • Joint pain.
• Fatigue. • Bone pain.
6 to 24 mg/dL • Swelling in your legs, feet, • Back pain.
BUN
or ankles. • Muscle cramping.
• Muscle cramps. • Restless legs.
• Trouble sleeping. • Fatigue.

• Nausea. • jaundice
• Chest Pain. • abdominal pain
• Muscle Cramps. • swelling
• Vomiting. • pale
0.7 to 1.3 mg/dL (Men)
• Fatigue. • bloody or tar-colored stools
0.6 to 1.1 mg/dL (Women)
CREATININE • Changes in urination
frequency and appearance.
• High blood pressure.
• Swelling or fluid retention.

Adults: 2.8 to 4.5 mg/dL Hyperphosphatemia Hypophosphatemia


PHOSPOROUS Children: 4.0 to 7.0 mg/dL • muscle cramps or spasms. • Confusion.
• numbness and tingling • Appetite loss.
around the mouth. • Muscle weakness.
• bone and joint pain. • Feeling tired and upset.
• weak bones. • Bone pain and fractures.
• rash. • Tooth decay or late baby
• itchy skin. teeth.
• Slow growth and short height
in children.

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