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Lecture 37change of Variables in Triple Integrals Cont.

1. This document discusses changing variables in triple integrals from Cartesian to cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates. 2. When changing to cylindrical polar coordinates, the limits are defined in terms of r, θ, and z. When changing to spherical polar coordinates, the limits are defined in terms of r, θ, and φ. 3. Two examples are given of evaluating triple integrals using these change of variable techniques. The first integral is evaluated in cylindrical coordinates and the second in spherical coordinates.

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James Prakash
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40 views

Lecture 37change of Variables in Triple Integrals Cont.

1. This document discusses changing variables in triple integrals from Cartesian to cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates. 2. When changing to cylindrical polar coordinates, the limits are defined in terms of r, θ, and z. When changing to spherical polar coordinates, the limits are defined in terms of r, θ, and φ. 3. Two examples are given of evaluating triple integrals using these change of variable techniques. The first integral is evaluated in cylindrical coordinates and the second in spherical coordinates.

Uploaded by

James Prakash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MTH165

Lecture-37

Change of Variables in Triple Integrals


Unit 5: Multiple Integrals

(Book: Advanced Engineering Mathematics By Jain and Iyengar, Chapter-2)

Learning Outcomes:

1. To evaluate Triple integrals using Cylindrical polar coordinates.

2. To evaluate Triple integrals using Spherical polar coordinates.


Change of triple integrals from cartesian to cylindrical polar system

Cartesian Coordinates Cylindrical Polar coordinates


� 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑅𝑅

� 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦, 𝑧𝑧 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 � 𝑓𝑓 𝑟𝑟, 𝜃𝜃, 𝑧𝑧 𝐽𝐽 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑


𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅

� 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦, 𝑧𝑧 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = � 𝑓𝑓 𝑟𝑟, 𝜃𝜃, 𝑧𝑧 𝑟𝑟𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑


𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅
Change of triple integrals from cartesian to spherical polar system

Cartesian Coordinates Spherical Polar coordinates


� 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑅𝑅

� 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦, 𝑧𝑧 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 � 𝑓𝑓 𝑟𝑟, 𝜃𝜃, 𝜑𝜑 𝐽𝐽 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑


𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅

� 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦, 𝑧𝑧 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = � 𝑓𝑓 𝑟𝑟, 𝜃𝜃, 𝜑𝜑 𝑟𝑟 2 sin 𝜑𝜑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝜑𝜑


𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅
Problem 1. Evaluate ∭𝑅𝑅 𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 , R: 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 ≤ 1,0 ≤ 𝑧𝑧 ≤ 1.

Solution. Here R: 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 ≤ 1, 0 ≤ 𝑧𝑧 ≤ 1.

Since the given region is a cylindrical one,

So, let us change the variables to

Cylindrical polar coordinates:

𝑥𝑥 = 𝑟𝑟 cos 𝜃𝜃, 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑟𝑟 sin 𝜃𝜃 , 𝑧𝑧 = 𝑧𝑧

𝐽𝐽 = 𝑟𝑟

𝑅𝑅: 0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 1, 0 ≤ 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋𝜋, 0 ≤ 𝑧𝑧 ≤ 1.
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝐼𝐼 = � 𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑅𝑅

= �(𝑟𝑟 cos 𝜃𝜃)2 (𝑟𝑟 sin 𝜃𝜃)𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝜃𝜃𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑


𝑅𝑅

1 1 2𝜋𝜋

= � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 � 𝑟𝑟 4 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 � 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝜃𝜃 sin 𝜃𝜃 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑


0 0 0
2𝜋𝜋
1
𝐼𝐼 = 1 × × (−1) � 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝜃𝜃 (−sin 𝜃𝜃) 𝑑𝑑𝜃𝜃
5
0

3 2𝜋𝜋
1 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝜃𝜃
=−
5 3 0

1 1 1
=− −
5 3 3
=0 𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀
Polling Quiz
What are the limits in cylindrical polar coordinates, if the region of
integration is R: 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 = 4, 𝑧𝑧 = 2, 𝑥𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦𝑦 ≥ 0:
(A) 0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 4, 0 ≤ 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋𝜋, 0 ≤ 𝑧𝑧 ≤ 2
(B) 0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 2, 0 ≤ 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 𝜋𝜋, 0 ≤ 𝑧𝑧 ≤ 2
(C) 0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 2, 0 ≤ 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 𝜋𝜋/2, 0 ≤ 𝑧𝑧 ≤ 2
(D) I don’t Know.
Problem 2. Evaluate ∭𝑅𝑅 𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧 , R: 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 + 𝑧𝑧 2 = 𝑎𝑎2 , 𝑧𝑧 ≥ 0.

Solution. Here R: 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 + 𝑧𝑧 2 = 𝑎𝑎2 , 𝑧𝑧 ≥ 0.

Since the given region is a spherical one,

So, let us change the variables to

spherical polar coordinates:

𝑥𝑥 = 𝑟𝑟 sin 𝜑𝜑 cos 𝜃𝜃 , 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑟𝑟 sin 𝜑𝜑 sin 𝜃𝜃 , 𝑧𝑧 = 𝑟𝑟 cos 𝜑𝜑

0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑎𝑎, 0 ≤ 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋𝜋, 0 ≤ 𝜑𝜑 ≤ 𝜋𝜋/2

𝐽𝐽 = 𝑟𝑟 2 sin 𝜑𝜑
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝐼𝐼 = � 𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧𝑧
𝑅𝑅

= �(𝑟𝑟 cos 𝜑𝜑)𝑟𝑟 2 sin 𝜑𝜑 𝑑𝑑𝑟𝑟𝑑𝑑𝜃𝜃𝑑𝑑𝜑𝜑


𝑅𝑅

2𝜋𝜋 𝑎𝑎 𝜋𝜋/2

= � 𝑑𝑑𝜃𝜃 � 𝑟𝑟 3 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 � cos 𝜑𝜑 sin 𝜑𝜑 𝑑𝑑𝜑𝜑


0 0 0
4 2 𝜋𝜋/2
𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝜑𝜑
𝐼𝐼 = 2𝜋𝜋 × ×
4 2 0

𝜋𝜋𝑎𝑎4 1
= × −0
2 2

𝜋𝜋𝑎𝑎4
= 𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀𝐀
4
Polling Quiz
What are the limits in spherical polar coordinates, if the region of
integration is R: 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 + 𝑧𝑧 2 = 𝑎𝑎2 , 𝑥𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦𝑦 ≥ 0, 𝑧𝑧 ≥ 0:
(A) 0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑎𝑎, 0 ≤ 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋𝜋, 0 ≤ 𝜑𝜑 ≤ 𝜋𝜋
(B) 0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑎𝑎, 0 ≤ 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 𝜋𝜋/2, 0 ≤ 𝜑𝜑 ≤ 𝜋𝜋/2
(C) 0 ≤ 𝑟𝑟 ≤ 𝑎𝑎, 0 ≤ 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 𝜋𝜋, 0 ≤ 𝜑𝜑 ≤ 𝜋𝜋
(D) I don’t Know.

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