Course No.

: EDUC 326 Credit: 3 units

Descriptive Title: Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (with Entrepreneurship)

Vision:
The Datu Ibrahim Paglas Memorial College envisions to produce globally competitive graduates with strong faith and moral values responsive to socio-political-economic challenges with an outmost environmental
concern towards the development of the Bangsamoro people and our country.
Mission:
The Datu Ibrahim Paglas Memorial College, nurturing its core values, is committed to provide quality education which is equitably accessible to all Bangsamoro and beyond.
Core Values:
Firm Belief in Allah, an unwavering environmental concern, Socio-Cultural inclusiveness, economic development.

Online Class rules:

1. Classes applied both synchronous and asynchronous.
2. Students should be on their respective houses during classes and they must be properly groomed.
3. Both lecture discussion and student’s activities are done virtually and/or modular.
Course Description:
This course shall include pedagogical content, knowledge and skills in technology and livelihood education necessary in teaching and learning in the elementary level. Selected topics in agricultural arts, fisheries and aquaculture,
industrial arts and livelihood education and entrepreneurship shall form a major part of the course. Experiential learning approach shall be the focus of the course.
Course Outcomes:
After completion of the course, the students should be able to;
1. Demonstrate in-depth understanding of pedagogical content knowledge and skills in technology and livelihood education.
2. Demonstrate knowledge and skills in teaching and learning TLE in the elementary levels.
3. Design a business plan.
4. Demonstrate skills in proposing a business plan.
 Overview of the Course
 Nature and Scope of TLE

Agricultural Arts
Agricultural Arts- “Agriculture is the art and science of growing plants and other crops and raising animals for food, other human needs, or economic gain.” 
The whole structure combines two descriptive introductory clauses:
(1) “the art and science of growing plants and other crops” and
(2) “the art and science of raising animals”. The purpose clause “for food, other human needs, or economic gain” applies to both divisions of agriculture.

There can be no exact definition for everyone. Photo of a portion of a large pineapple plantation shows that agriculture is a business too
Agriculture includes farming in all branches and, among other things, includes the cultivation and tillage of soil, dairying, the production, cultivation, growing, and harvesting of any agricultural and horticultural commodities, the raising
of livestock or poultry, and any practices performed by a farmer on a farm as an incident to or in conjunction with such farming operations, but does not include the manufacturing or processing of sugar, coconuts, abaca, tobacco,
pineapple or other farm products.

Summation on the Meaning and Concept of Agriculture

The first 3 are scientific and practical definitions while numbered 4 to 8 are legal definitions and meaning of agriculture. These last 5 give more details on what is agriculture by enumerating the activities covered by the enterprise or
practice. That contending parties have found the necessity to elevate to the Court controversies in relation to what is agriculture only underscores the uncertainty relating to the term. The following conclusion can be derived from these
definitions and statements of scope:

1. Agriculture is an enterprise or business, activity, or practice. It is synonymous with farming.

2. The practice of agriculture is based on a systematized body of knowledge (science) and requires skill (art).
3. Agriculture often involves the cultivation of the soil to grow plants and the raising of animals for human needs. The words “crops” and “livestock” are also used. However, both words are special or technical terms. “Crops” should clearly
mean plants (with exceptions, as in mushroom) which are useful to man (read Agricultural Crops Classifications) while “livestock” applies to both domesticated animals and poultry. However, cultivation which essentially involves
disturbing the soil does not apply to crop production systems using soil-less media, as in hydroponics.
4. Agriculture is practiced for the purpose of producing food and other human needs such as clothing, shelter, medicines, weapons, tools, ornaments, and indefinitely many more including livestock feed. It is likewise practiced as a business
for economic gain. The ultimate purpose is essentially important in clarifying what is agriculture
 PLANT PRODUCTION METHODS OF PLANT PRODUCTION
 Plant production methods of plant production Enumerating the methods of plant production Identifying the concept, relevance and significance of Plant production

Differentiating Methods of plant production

Plant production
shall mean cultivation of plants obtained from production units, including the collection of wild plants from natural habitats, for commercial purposes.
means production of agricultural crops including the collection of all wild plant products for commercial purposes;
means an economic – technical agricultural industry in connection to the cultivation of agricultural crops, ornamental plants and edible mushrooms for human use.
Production area means that part of the animal feeding operation that includes the animal confinement area, the manure storage area, the raw materials storage area, and the waste containment areas. The animal confinement area includes,
but is not limited to, open lots, housed lots, feedlots, confinement houses, stall barns, free stall barns, milkrooms, milking centers, egg washing or egg processing areas, areas used for the storage and disposal/treatment of mortalities,
cowyards, barnyards, medication pens, walkers, animal walkways, and stables. The manure storage area includes, but is not limited to, lagoons, runoff ponds, storage sheds, stockpiles, under-house or pit storages, liquid impoundments,
static piles, and composting piles. The raw materials storage area includes, but is not limited to, feed silos, and silage bunkers. The waste containment area includes, but is not limited to, settling basins and areas within berms and diversions
which separate uncontaminated stormwater.
These SEVEN METHODS include: seed propagation, cutting, layering, division, grafting, budding, and tissue culture technique.
Propagation is simply multiplication or production of plants, which you can do by using your own plants! Because of the commercialization of crops, several techniques have been developed to grow plants. All techniques are designed to
achieve specific goals, like uniformity in crops, increased productivity, disease-resistant plants, and plants with desired characters.
Mainly these techniques are divided into two categories depending on the means of propagation: Sexual means of propagation and asexual means of propagation.
Sexual propagation of plants involves the union (fertilization) of pollen and egg leading to seed formation. So, it can also be called ‘seed propagation’. It’s an old, easy, simple, and effective technique for ornamentals or
flowering plants, vegetables, fruits, and medicinal plants. It allows for genetic diversity in plant species and creates new varieties and cultivars of plants. Also, seeds can be stored for a long period of time.
The disadvantages of this technique are delayed flowering and fruiting, plants that do not produce seeds can not be propagated by this method, identical plants can not be produced, and mass production is harder to achieve.
Considering these disadvantages, asexual propagation methods are being developed and followed by several culturists and hobbyists worldwide.
Asexual propagation of plants can also be called ‘vegetative propagation’ because it involves the use of vegetative parts of plants like leaves, stems, roots, or modified organs. It’s the best method to use to clone your plants,
which means to produce plants identical to their parents. It involves methods like cutting, division, layering, grafting, budding, and tissue culture techniques. These techniques are commercially exploited mainly to produce horticulture
plants.
The demerits of the asexual means of propagation are: difficulty in producing new varieties, the practice and skillsets required to follow these methods, and plants being more prone to any kind of stresses.
1. Cutting
This is cutting the vegetative part of the plant (leaf, stem, and root) and then planting it again to regenerate the whole plant. The three types of cutting are named after the plant part being detached/cut:
 Stem cutting
 Leaf cutting
 Root cutting
2. Division
This is a suitable technique for perennials (plants that live for more than two years). It involves dividing the plant by digging and moving it to an already prepared site. This helps the plant to rejuvenate and reduce water and
nutrient competition.
 Dividing perennial plants by using a garden fork.
3. Layering
In this technique, the attached and bent branch of the plant is covered with soil and allowed to root. After the emergence and development of roots that specific part of the plant is cut and allowed to grow as a new plant. This is
called ‘layering’.
A schematic diagram showing a simple layering process.
4. Grafting
This involves cutting a twig of one plant and joining it with the stem of another plant in such a manner that they form a unit and function as one plant. It is a bit of a complex process but allows you to bring the desired character to
your plant. However, be sure to sterilize your hands and tools to make sure you don’t transfer any infections during the process.
A schematic diagram of the grafting technique.
Scion: the upper portion of the graft.
Rootstock: the lower portion which is providing root.
5. Budding
In this method, a cut is made in the rootstock and a single bud with little or no wood is inserted into it in such a way that they unite and grow as a new plant.
6. Tissue Culture
This is the most recent and advanced technique in which plant tissues are grown in media under controlled and sterile conditions/environments. It is extensively used for commercial purposes to produce clones of plants or mass
produce plants. It also provides several advantages over all the traditional methods explained above.
Advantages of tissue culture technique:
1. It allows for the production of clones or exact copies of the 4. It allows the production of plants in a shorter period of time 7. Mass production of plants is possible with this technique.
mother plant. compared to traditional techniques. 8. Enhance productivity.
2. Plants with desired traits or characters can be grown using this 5. Plants that are difficult to grow by traditional methods can be 9. Easy transportation of plants.
technique. grown by this method.
3. It is beneficial in propagating plants without seeds. 6. Disease-free plants can be produced.
 ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND METHODS OF ANIMAL RAISING
ANIMAL SCIENCE- is a branch of agriculture that is concerned with rearing nad production of livestock and poultry.
- It is therefore the art and scienceof rearing domestic livestock and poultry species.
 Animal production and methods of animal raising Learning Animal production and enumerating methods of animal raising Defining and Identifying the concept, relevance and significance of Animal
production

Differentiating methods of animal raising

Animal Production- is the technology appliedto the keeping of animals for profit.
In animal production it includes;
Feeding
Breeding
Housing & marketing
Animal Production in the following categories;
Macro-livestock
Micro-livestock
Poultry
Animal production and methods of animal raising / mga pamamaraan sap ag aalaga ng hayop

Konsepto na anong bagay na gustong gawin lalo na kung ito ay tungkol sa pag- mga sumusunod na impormasyon.
Talaan ng mga Kagamitan at Kasangkapan na aalaga Pag aalaga ng mga hayop na may dalawang paa at pakpak o isda.
Dapat Ihanda upang Makapagsimula sa Pag-aalaga ng Hayop o Isda. ng hayop ay kailangan isaalang-alang ang paggawa ng mga talaan at mga Mga hayop na maaring alagaan tulad ng manok, pato, itik, pugo, tilapia
Layunin: Nakagagawa ng talaan ng mga kagamitan at kasangkapan na kagamitan at kasangkapan na dapat gamitin upang makapagsimula sa atbp.
dapat ihanda upang makapagsimula sa pag-aalaga ng hayop o isda ninanais na pag-aalaga ng hayop o isda. Mga kasangkpan na dapat ihanda upang makapagsimula sap ag aalaga ng
Ang paghahayupan ay hindi ganun kadali isakatuparan sapagkat ito Bawat hayop ay may kanya-kanyang kinalalagyan para sa kaligtasan, hayop o isda.
ay nangangailangan ng isang matinding pagpaplano at paghahanda. Sa kaginhawaan at kaayusan sa kanyang pagkilos. Basahin at pag-aralan KASANGKAPAN KAGAMITAN
kahit ang 1. Kawayan 1. Lagari
2. Pisi 2. Plais 4. Alambre 4. Pako
3. Lambat 3. Martilyo 5.kahoy 5. Lapis
Ang paggawa ng talaan ng mga kagamitan at kasangkapan na
dapat ihanda upang makapagsimula sa pag-aalaga ng hayop o isda.
Talaan ng mga kagamitan at kasangkapan sa pag-aalaga ng:
Itik Baka Kambing Manok (layer) Kalapati Pugo Tilapia Pato
❖ Silungan na malapit sa ❖ Kulungan at bakod na ❖ Kulungang may sukat ❖ Kulungan na may sapat ❖ Kulungan na mataas ❖ Kulungan ng pugo na ❖ Kawayan ❖ Kulungan na may
sapa, ilog o tubigan. may sukat na 1 ½ hanggang na dalawang metro ang na bentilasyon at malayo sa para hindi maabot ng mga may sukat “4 x 8 x ❖ Lambat o nylon net sukat na apat na
❖ Ang bahay ay dapat tatlong haba at apat na ingay. daga, pusa at 1“talampakan. ❖ Fish pen metrong haba at apat
hindi bababa sa 34 sq. metrong kuwadrado. metro ang lapad. ❖ Patukaan, painuman, at ahas. ❖ Sahig na may ¼ Hito na metrong luwang at
feet ang laki. ❖ Lubid pantali. ❖ Kawayan, nipa, kugon salalayan ng dumi. ❖ Tuyong dahon sa loob pulgadang wire mesh. talong metrong taas.
❖ Bakod na yari sa kahoy,
❖ Tubigan o paliguan ng ❖ Kawayan at pawid. upang makatipid sa ❖ Asin para sa magandang ng kulungan. ❖ Pantakip sa ibabaw adobe, kawayan o iba pang ❖ Sahig na may sapin
itik na may laking 10 ❖ Sementadong sahig para gastos. pangingitlog. ❖ Painuman. tulad ng lawanit o katutubong na dayami na may
piye ang lapad ng madali itong linisin. ❖ Timba, kahon, o Manok (Broiler) ❖ Paliguan kung mainit plywood. materyales. walong metrong
haba para sa 50 na itik. batyang gagamitin. ❖ Ilaw o bombilyang may ang panahon. ❖ Dingding na wire pulgada hanggang
❖ Lugar para sa pagkain at ❖ Lambat o nylon net
❖ Pailawan para sa una 50 watts para mailawan ang ❖ Pugad para sa mesh o bamboo splits sampung pulgada ang
tubig na may padaluyan ng ❖ Fish pen
hanggang apat na linggo bagong kapal.
dumi. pangingitlog at sa Bangus
ng mga seho. pisang sisiw. pagpipisa ❖ Paliguan na may
❖ Partisyon upang hindi ❖ Kawayan
❖ Lalagyan ng inumin. sukat na walong piye
magambala ang baka kapag ❖ Lambat ang luwang,
ginagatasan. ❖ Tuyong dahon para sa
❖ nylon sampung piye ang haba
bahay ng mga sisiw.
❖ fish pen at dalawang piye ang
❖ Patukaan sa loob ng lalim.
kulungan na gawa sa yero,
kahoy, o biyak
na kawayan.

QUIZ
 Panuto: Piliin ang letra ng tamang sagot at isulat ito sa sagutang papel.  Panuto: Piliin ang tamang sagot isulat ito sa sagutang papel.
1. Anong hayop ang may dalawang paa at pakpak? 1. Ang pag-aalaga ng hayop ay nagdudulot ng;
A. baka C. pugo B. kalabaw D. tilapia A. away sa pamilya C. kasiyahan sa pamilya B. gastusin sa pamilya D. stress sa pamilya
2. Anong hayop ang mainam na pagkuhanan ng gatas 2. Ang mga hayop na mapagkakakitaan na maaaring alagaan kahit sa
A. baka C. itik B. hito D. manok maliit na lugar sa likod ng bahay ay:
3. Hayop na pinagkukunan ng itlog at karne A. baka, kalabaw, kabayo C. dilis, galung-gong, tulingan B. daga, lion, paniki D. manok, pugo, pato
A. bangus C. manok B. dalag D. tilapia 3. Anong hayop ang mainam na pagkuhanan ng gatas
4. Ang hayop na may dalawang pakpak at paa na maaaring alagaan sa A. baka C. manok B. hito D. tilapia
likod ng bahay ay: 4. Anong hayop ang mainam pagkuhaan ng itlog at karne?
A. aso, pusa at daga C. baboy, kambing at baka B. manok, itik at pugo D. bangus, dalag at tilapia A. aso C. manok B. baboy D. tilapia
5. Mahalaga bang maihanda muna ang talaan ng mga kasangkapan 5. Anong hayop ang may dalawang paa at pakpak?
at kagamitan sa pag-aalga ng hayop o isda? A. Bangus C. panakiB. itik D. pusa
A. dagdag gastos lamang ito C. kahit hindi na ihandaB. hindi na kailangan D. Oo kailangan para
makapagsimula

WORK ACTIVITY COMPILATION!

Do a Propagation practice/process.
Do a compilation video & hard copy presentaionof all the procedures done/ needed in the making.

INDUSTRIAL ARTS
5. Industrial Arts Learning Industrial Arts Defining the meaning, concepts, relevance and/or significance of Industrial Arts
Industrial Arts
Ang ibig sabihin ng Industrial Arts ay pag aaral tungkol sa isang programang pang-edukasyon na nagtatampok ng katha ng mga bagay sa kahoy o metal gamit ang iba't ibang mga hand tools, power o machine tools. Ito rin ay
magbibigay ng kaalaman tungkol sa pag aalaga ng sasakyan o pag aayos nito, pagmamaneho, pagkukumpuni ng mga electronics, welding, pagtutubero at pag iinstall ng elektrikal.
Mahalaga ang Industrial Arts dahil ito ay bahagi ng pangkalahatang edukasyon sa ating modernong lipunan. Sa bawat araw, ang ating mundo ay nagiging mas umuunlad at mas madaming lumalabas na mga mekanismo at mga bagong
imbensyon na kailangang ma maintain at maayos. Maraming mga negosyante at tekniko ang kinakailangan upang mai-install, patakbuhin, at serbisyo ang mga modern na pieces ng isang equipment

 HANDICRAFT AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMY

Handicraft- a particular skill of making decorative objects by hand.
"the traditional handicrafts of this region" an object made using a handicraft "pottery and handicrafts decorate the rooms and hallways"
 Handicraft and Its Contribution to Economy Enumerating Filipino Handicrafts and Identifying every handicrafts Contribution Identifying and Enumerating Various Philippine Handicrafts
to our Economy
Discussing every known Filipino handicraft’s contribution to our Economy
Note!
(Read the article and write a reflection about it.)

 INDIGENOUS MATERIALS USED FOR HANDICRAFTS.

 Indigenous materials used for handicrafts. Learning the Indigenous materials used for handicrafts
Indigenous materials are materials that are naturally and locally found in a  Textiles in the Yakan Weaving Village, Zamboanga
specific place such as timbers, canes,grass , palms,
and rattan. Other indigenous raw materials in the country that are commonly
known and used creatively in crafts and decoration are capiz, pearls, corals,
 and seashells, being an archipelago naturally abundant in beaches and marine
resources.
Arts and crafts
The native Filipino products, like in wooden or rattan furniture and handicrafts, woven
abaca or pinacloth, and other handmade or carved toy or trinket one usually finds in rural
areas was made from indigenous raw materials. Natural fibers from rattan, bamboo, nipa
leaves, abaca and pina are commonly used for weaving.
Some artists in the Philippines like Elito Circa a father of indigenouism art, Mark
Lawrence Libunao – Garlic Painter, Ramon Lopez the Rust Painter, Jordan Mang-osan a
solar artist, and other indigenouism artists are promoting the use of indigenous raw
materials for their masterpieces.
Filipino architectures established the importance of using indigenous materials sawali, it
is still naturally cooler than condos and houses.


Textiles in the Yakan Weaving Village, Zamboanga

Traditional arts and crafts from villages have found new life as esoteric art forms and decor accessories in modern Manila homes.
Art spans the Philippines from Manila’s museums to exterior decor of the humblest rural homes. Even the simple tools and weapons used by
the early nomadic people were artistically designed. Effigies of the early people of the Philippines’ 110 indigenous tribes have men and women
donning a variety of headdresses, earrings, anklets, belly rings, bracelets, and necklaces. Such artistic expressions, influenced by religious
beliefs and cultural practices, reached an apogee in the early Iron Age when people of Malay descent migrated in droves to the country.
Wood carvings, weavings and pottery
Soon, visual art forms expanded to include wood carvings, weaving, and pottery. Creative artisans, seeing the wealth of natural materials
available – bamboo, rattan, nipa palm, pina and abaca (pineapple and hemp fibres), seashells, and marble – have used them to fashion a range
of handicrafts, from tiny baskets to massive pieces of furniture. Today, travelers will find brilliant weaves, intricate beadwork, silver tribal
jewelry, rustic wood figurines and dishes, ceramic pots, jewel-colored capiz shell chandeliers, earthy pandan leaf mats and coasters, rattan
basketry, and shiny brassware. Among the going favorites are change pouches shaped from leather into fish. Slit the fish’s throat with a zipper
to deposit coins.
Where to buy crafts
The best range of crafts is found in Manila – in Ermita, Makati, and the Quiapo area – and also in specialty shops or malls, including those
inside tribal theme villages open to the public. Airport gift shops in Cebu, Davao, and other cities sell samples of the handicrafts from their
regions.
WORK ACTIVITY COMPILATION!
Do a research! Mangalap ng impormasyon hinggil sa “weaving” o paghahabi.
Ano-ano ba ang mga benepisyo naibibigay ng tradisyonal textiles ng isang katutubo tulad ng paghahabi sa lipunan o sa ekonomiya ng bansa?

FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE

What is Fisheries?
1.The science of producing fish and other aquatic resources for the purpose of providing human food, although other aims are possible (such as sport or recreational fishing), or obtaining ornamental fish or fish products such as fish oil.  
2.The activity of catching fish and other living organisms from the wild aiming to be consumed as seafood. Fisheries are harvested for their value either commercial, recreational, or self-consumption. 
Fishery can mean either the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish and other aquatic life; or more commonly, the site where such enterprise takes place (a.k.a. fishing ground). Commercial fisheries include wild fisheries and fish farms,
both in freshwater bodies (about 10% of all catch) and the oceans (about 90%).
a fishery is an activity leading to harvesting of fish. It may involve capture of wild fish or raising of fish through aquaculture." It is typically defined in terms of the "people involved, species or type of fish, area of water or seabed, method
of fishing, class of boats, purpose of the activities or a combination of the foregoing features".
The definition often includes a combination of mammal and fish fishers in a region, the latter fishing for similar species with similar gear types. Some government and private organizations, especially those focusing on recreational
fishing include in their definitions not only the fishers, but the fish and habitats upon which the fish depend.
Aquaculture (less commonly spelled aquiculture]), also known as aquafarming, is the controlled cultivation ("farming") of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks, algae and other organisms of value such as aquatic
plants (e.g. lotus). Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater, brackish water and saltwater populations under controlled or semi-natural conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish.
 FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE
 BRACKISH WATER AQUACULTURE
 Freshwater aquaculture Enumerating the following Freshwater aquaculture and Brackish water aquaculture Identifying and Enumerating
Introduction to the Freshwater Aquaculture Pond Brackish water aquaculture Various Philippine Freshwater
 Freshwater aquaculture refers to raising and breeding  Brackish water is a mix of fresh water and saline water. It occurs where oceans meet outwardly flowing aquaculture and Brackish water
aquatic animals (fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish, etc.) and rivers and streams. aquaculture
plants for economic purposes by the use of ponds,  Examples of brackish water include estuaries, mangrove swamps, and salt marshes.
reservoirs, lakes, rivers, and other inland waterways  Brackish water is the natural habitat for a diverse group of aquatic animals that have adapted to the Discussing every known
(including brackish water), which play an important role in environment. Many animals that thrive in brackish waters can cause health problems to humans who eat Freshwater aquaculture and
the aquaculture industry. them. Brackish water aquaculture
 The main breeding targets are fish; breeding shrimp  Many other organisms also live in brackish waters. found in the Philippines
consisting of Macrobrachium and Hainan prawn; and  These include various types of shrimp, including brine shrimp, freshwater shrimp, marine shrimp, hard-
crabs. At present, China's freshwater aquaculture mainly back shrimp, tiger shrimp, white shrimp, brown shrimp, pink shrimp and giant freshwater shrimp.
includes black fish, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp,  Other organisms also include various types of prawns including freshwater prawn and yellow prawn.
carp, crucian carp, noncrucian carp and other economic  Different types of crabs also live in brackish waters including blue swimming crab, blue crab, mud crab,
fish. China's freshwater aquaculture area and output have spiny lobster, Indian prawn, Japanese prawn, banana prawn and green tiger prawn.
ranked first in the world.
 MARI CULTURE
 MARICULTURE
 Mariculture refers to the cultivation of marine organisms in seawater, usually in sheltered coastal or offshore waters. The farming of marine fish is an example of mariculture, and so also is the farming of marine crustaceans
(such as shrimp), mollusks (such as oysters), and seaweed. Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are prominent in the U.S. mariculture.
 Mariculture may consist of raising the organisms on or in artificial enclosures such as in floating netted enclosures for salmon and on racks for oysters. In the case of enclosed salmon, they are fed by the operators; oysters on
racks filter feed on naturally available food. Abalone have been farmed on an artificial reef consuming seaweed which grows naturally on the reef units.
WORK ACTIVITY COMPILATION!
 MANAGEMENT
Fisheries management. Aquaculture Management
 The goal of Fisheries management is to produce sustainable National laws, regulations, and management
biological, social, and economic benefits from renewable aquatic  Laws governing aquaculture practices vary greatly by country and are often not closely
resources. regulated or easily traceable.
 Fisheries are classified as renewable because the organisms of interest  In the United States, land-based and nearshore aquaculture is regulated at the federal and
(e.g., fish, shellfish, reptiles, amphibians, and marine mammals) state levels; however, no national laws govern offshore aquaculture in U.S. exclusive
usually produce an annual biological surplus that with judicious economic zone waters. In June 2011, the Department of Commerce and National Oceanic
management can be harvested without reducing future productivity. and Atmospheric Administration released national aquaculture policies to address this issue
 Fisheries management employs activities that protect fishery and "to meet the growing demand for healthy seafood, to create jobs in coastal
resources so sustainable exploitation is possible, drawing on fisheries communities, and restore vital ecosystems."
science and possibly including the precautionary principle.  Large aquaculture facilities (i.e. those producing 20,000 pounds (9,100 kg) per year) which
 Modern fisheries management is often referred to as a governmental discharge wastewater are required to obtain permits pursuant to the Clean Water Act. 
system of appropriate management rules based on defined objectives  Facilities that produce at least 100,000 pounds (45,000 kg) of fish, molluscs or crustaceans
and a mix of management means to implement the rules, which are a year are subject to specific national discharge standards.  Other permitted facilities are
put in place by a system of monitoring control and surveillance. subject to effluent limitations that are developed on a case-by-case basis.
 A popular approach is the ecosystem approach to fisheries
management. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of
the United Nations (FAO), there are "no clear and generally accepted
definitions of fisheries management". However, the working
definition used by the FAO and much cited elsewhere is:
The integrated process of information gathering, analysis, planning,
consultation, decision-making, allocation of resources and formulation and
 implementation, with enforcement as necessary, of regulations or rules which
govern fisheries activities in order to ensure the continued productivity of the
resources and the accomplishment of other fisheries objectives.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP
 INTRODUCTION TO ENTREPRENEURSHIP
 PERSONAL ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES
 IDENTIFYING BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
7. Entrepreneurship  Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies
 Introduction to Entrepreneurship  Entrepreneurial Competencies The entrepreneurial competencies refer to the important characteristics that an individual should possess
 Entrepreneurs are those with the skills and capabilities to see and evaluate in order to perform entrepreneurial functions effectively. In this lesson, you will learn some of the most important characteristics,
business opportunities. attributes, lifestyle, skills and traits of a successful entrepreneur in order to be successful in a chosen career.
 They are individuals who can strategically identify products or services  The following are the fundamental characteristics of an entrepreneur:
needed by the community, and have the capacity to deliver them at the right 1. Hardworking
time and at the right place. 2. Self-Confidenc
 Entrepreneurs are agents of economic change; they organize, manage, and 3. Future-Oriented
assume risks of a business. Some of the good qualities of entrepreneurs are: 4. Profit-Oriented
opportunity-seeker, risk-taker, goal-setter, excellent planner, confident 5. Goal-Oriented
problem-solver, hardworking, persistent and committed. 6. Persistence
 Entrepreneurship, on the other hand, is not just a simple business activity 7. Copes with Failure
but a strategic process of innovation and new product creation. Basically, 8. Discipline
entrepreneurship is both an art and science of converting business ideas into 9. Committed
marketable products or services to improve the quality of living 10. Ability to Accept
11. Creative
12. Initiative
13. Excellent Planner:
14. Possesses People Skills:
15. Sound Decision Maker: 
Enumerating Business Opportunities

KAHULUGAN NG ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Ang Entrepreneurship ay isang lawak ng pagsisimula ng isang mapagkikitaang gawain na may kahandaan sa pakikipagsapalaran taglay ang tiwal sa sarili at kaalaman upang magampanan ang kaakibat niyong gawain, responsibilidad at
consequences sa pagsisimula ng negosyo.
A. Pag eentreprenyur at pakikipagsapalaran
Mga Pakikipagsapalarang Kaugnay sa Pagtitinda Ang pagtitinda ay maituturing na isang sining na nangangailangan ng sapat na talino, kasanayan, tiyaga, pang-unawa, at pagtitimpi sa mga mamimili, at higit sa lahat, ay sapat na
kaalaman ng mga bilihin o produktong nais ipagbili.
Isa itong pakikipagsapalaran na nangangailangan ng lakas ng loob dahil sa mga pagsubok at suliraning maaaring harapin. Ang gawaing pagtitinda ay nangangailangan din ng isang kaaya-ayang pag-uugali at kawilihan. Ang anumang takot
at pangamba ay dapat ipasantabi at sa halip ay ipanatag ang loob at maging maganda ang pananaw sa gawain. Marami ang sumusubok, may mga nagtatagumpay at mayroon ding nabibigo.
Kadalasan, may mga nagsisimula pa lamang na nauuwi sa maagang pagsuko dahil sa hindi inaasahang pagkalugi o pagbagsak ng negosyo. Ang ganitong pangyayari ay maaaring maganap kung ang nagpapatakbo ng tindahan ay;
1) kulang ang kaalaman tungkol sa wastong pagpapatakbo ng tindahan;
2) mahina ang loob;
3) sariling kapakanan lamang ang iniisip;
4) mainipin at ang nais ay mabilisang pag-unlad ng tindahan; at higit sa lahat
5) walang pagpaplanong ginawa.

Ang mga pagsubok sa alinmang gawain, lalo na ang pagtitinda, ay hindi maiiwasan. Sa mga ganitong pagkakataon masusubok at makikita kung gaano katatag ang pagpapatakbo ng tindahan. Sa mga karanasang pinagdaanan ay dapat
matuto sa halip na mawalan ng pag-asa at sumuko.
Tingnan at pag-aralang mabuti kung bakit naganap ang mga pangyayaring naging sanhi ng pagbagsak ng negosyo. Mula rito ay umisip at magplano ng mga paraang dapat gawin at iwasan upang sa susunod ay kaya na itong harapin at
mapatatakbo na ang tindahan sa higit na maayos na paraan.
Isa sa pakikipagsapalarang maaaring harapin sa pagtitinda ay kung paano aakitin ang mga mamimili. Napakahirap ang mang-akit ng mamimili, dahil kadalasan ay may kani-kaniyang suki silang itinuturing. Ang pagtawag ng pansin ng mga
mamimili ay maaaring gawin sa sumusunod na mga paraan:
1. Nakatatawag-pansin ang mahusay na pagkakaayos ng mga paninda;
2. Nakahihikayat na pagtitinda o sales talk;
3. Pagkakarooon ng mabubuting katangian ng isang tindera.

Sakaling makuha na ang pansin ng mamimili ay hindi pa rin tiyak kung ito ay bibili. May mga pagkakataong ang mamimili ay makulit o pilit na sumasalungat sa nga sinasabi ng tindero o sadyang humahanap ng butas at kapintasan
upang makapili ng higit pang katangian kaysa sa inaalok ng tindera. Kaya't ang kailangan ay mahusay na pangungumbinsi upang ang pag-aalinlangan ay maalis at tuluyang bumili.
Tiyaking mahusay at maganda ang pakikitungo sa mamimili nang sa gayon ay mawiling bumili sa iyong tindahan hanggang sa maging suki na ito. Ang perang puhunan at panustos na gagamitin sa pagtitinda ay pakikipagsapalaran din.
Maari itong mapalago o maaari ring maubos at mauwi sa wala.
Ang paglago ng perang ipinuhunan ay dapat bigyang katiyakan. Hindi lamang ang pera ang masasayang kung babagsak ang negosyo kundi pati na rin ang hirap, pagod at panahong ginugol. Sa karaniwang pagtitinda, ang namuhunan ay
umaasa ng kasiya-siyang pakinabang sa perang ginamit na puhunan.
Upang makatiyak, makabubuting gumawa ng pagtatala o recordings gaya ng mga sumusunod:
1. Dami o bilang ng mga bagay na binili at ang halaga ng pagkakabili;
2. Halaga ng mga bagay kung ipagbibili at ang inaasahang kita;
3. Mga bagay na nabili sa araw-araw, ang dami, at ang halaga ng isahan at ang kabuuang halaga.

At mula sa talaang ginawa ay masusundan na ang mga galaw ng mga paninda. Madaling mabatid at makukuwenta ang halaga ng pinuhunan at ang pumasok na kita. Makatutulong din ito upang makapagpasya kung kailangan nang mamili
muli ng mga paninda, kung alin ang ubos na, at alin ang mayroon pa.
Ang oras at panahong iginugugol sa pagtitinda ay isa ring pakikipagsapalaran. Hindi sapat ang magkaroon ng malaking puhunan kung kulang sa panahon at oras ng pag-aasikaso.
Ang ganitong uri ng gawain ay sadyang nangangailangan ng sapat na panahon at oras. Ang bawat galaw at takbo ng mga paninda ay dapat masubaybayan.
Mag-ukol ng wastong panahon at oras sa pagbubukas at pagsasara ng tindahan, pamimili at pag-iimbentaryo ng mga paninda, at pag-alam at pagsasa-ayos ng mga suliraning hinaharap o haharapin. Maaaring dumating ang panahong may
makatunggali o kakumpitensya sa negosyo. Ang pagkakaroon ng isang matagumpay at maunlad na tindahan ay maaaring makaakit sa iba na magtayo rin ng sariling tindahan.

Kadalasan, ang mga katunggali o kakumpitensya sa pagtitinda ay umiisip at gumagawa ng mga paraan kung paano ka sisirain at pababagsakin. Ang mga ganitong sitwasyon ay dapat pagtuunan ng pansin at hindi ipagwalang bahala.
Tibayan ang loob mga hakbang at paraan na makatutulong sa mga mamamayang pinaglilingkuran.
Makisama at magkaroon ng layuning mapagbuti ang pagtitinda at maibigay ang mga pangangailangan ng mga mamamayan sa makatarungang paraan tulad ng wastong pagprepresyo ng mga paninda.

Quiz
1. Anu-ano ang mga pakikipagsapalarang maaaring harapin sa pagtitinda? Ipaliwanag ang bawat isa.

2. Ano ang maaaring kalabasan ng bawat pakikipagsapalaran?

3. Paano haharapin ang bawat isa? Ipaliwanag.

 Bilugan ang titik ng wastong sagot.

1. Ang tindahan kapag pinabayaan ay magsasara dahil _____. 4. Ang puhunan ay maaaring maubos at mauwi sa wala. Alin sa sumusunod ang maaaring dahilan?
a. walang lisensya c. humihina b. nagtitipid d. nalulugi a. Dahil ginamit sa pagpapasuweldo sa tindera b. Dahil ginamit sa paglalagay ng karatula ng tindahan
2. Hindi tiyak ang pag-unlad ng tindahan kaya kailangang sumubok at _____. c. Dahil ginamit sa gastusin sa bahay d. Dahil ginamit sa pamamakyaw ng paninda
a. makipagsuki c. makipagsapalaran b. magbantay d. magtiyaga 5. Alin sa sumusunod ang maaaring kalalabasan ng pakikipagsapalaran?
3. Ang sumusunod ay paraan kung paano aakitin ang mga mamimili maliban sa isa. Alin ito? a. matututo sa pamamaraan ng pag-akit sa mamimili b. matututo sa pagtatala ng
a. Mahusay na pagkakaayos ng mga paninda b. Pakikipagkumpitensya sa ibang tindahan pamumuhunan at mababatid ang galaw ng pagtitinda
c. Nakahihikayat na pagtitinda ng tinder d. Mabubuting katangian ng tindera c. matututo kung paano gugugulin ang oras at panahon d. lahat ito
  Pagpapaliwanag:
Bakit ang pag-eentreprenur ay isang pakikipagsapalaran?

A. Directions: Match the entrepreneurial competencies in column A with their meaning in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before each number.

____1. Creative A. makes wise decisions towards the set objectives

____2. Profit-oriented B. strategic thinking and setting of goals
____3. Disciplined C. trusting in one’s ability
____4. Sound decision maker D. adoptable to change
____5. Possess people skills E. innovates to have an edge over other competitors
____6. Excellent Planner F. solid dedication
____7. Confident G. skillful in record keeping
____8. Hardworking H. always sticks to the plan
____9. Ability to accept change I. work diligently
____10. Committed J. effective and efficient communication skills and relates well to people
K. always looking for an opportunity to have/earn income

1. Lugar - ang lugar na pagtatayuan ng tindahan ay dapat na matao upang makaasa ng pagtangkilik sa itatayong kooperatiba.
2. Puhunan - ito ang halagang malilikom mula sa mga kasapi. Ang kooperatiba ay nangangailangan ng sapat na puhunan para matugunan ang mga pangangailangan ng mga kasapi.
3. Kasapi - kailangan ang mga kasaping matapat, matulungin at masunurin sa lahat ng napagkasunduan.
4. Mamimili - ang mga mamimili ay maaaring kasapi o di-kasapi ng kooperatiba ngunit ang mga kasapi ay may karapatang mamili ng ibig niyang bilhin.
5. Pamamaraan ng Pagtitinda at Pamimili - tingian o pakyawan

 KAHULUGAN, LAYUNIN, AT KAHALAGAHAN NG KOOPERATIBA

Mapapansin ngayon na ang buhay ng tao ay pahirap nang pahirap, at ang halaga ng mga bilihin ay pataas nang pataas. Ang kita ng mag-anak ay halos hindi na magkasya sa pang-araw-araw na pangangailangan. Dahilan
sa kahirapan ng buhay sa ngayon, nararapat lamang na mag-isip ang mga tao ng mga paraan kung paano malulunasan ang kasalukuyang suliranin. Ang bawat kasapi ng mag-anak ay dapat magtulung-tulong upang madagdagan
ang kinikita ng mag-anak.
Ang isang paraan na maaaring gawin ng mag-anak ay sumapi o dili kaya ay magtatag ng kooperatiba sa kanilang pamayanan. Ano nga ba ang kooperatiba? Paano ito itinatatag? At ano ang layunin nito?
Ang kooperatiba ay isang samahan kung saan ang nagmamay-ari ay ang mga kasapi nito. Ang pamamahala ay ginagampanan ng lahat ng kasapi. Ang tubo o kita ay hinahati-hati ayon sa bilang ng sosyo o sapi (share) at
serbisyong ipinagkakaloob ng bawat kasapi.
Sa kooperatiba, ang halaga ng lahat ng nalikom na sosyo (share) ang nagsisilbing puhunan o kapital. Ang puhunang ito ang siya namang ipinambibili ng mga paninda kung tindahang kooperatiba o ipinahihiram kung credit union ayon sa
uri ng kooperatibang itinatag.
Ang mga kasapi ng kooperatiba ay nagtutulungan sa pagtukoy ng mga pangangailangan ng mga kasapi. Ang bawat isa ay binibigyan ng tungkulin o bahaging gagampanan ayon sa kanyang kakayahan.
Ang tindahang kooperatiba ang pinakakaraniwang itinatatag ng mga maganak sa pamayanan. Ang pangunahing layunin nito ay makapaglingkod at mapagbili ng mataas na uri ng paninda sa mababang halaga sa kanyang mga kasapi.
Naglalayon din itong makapagbigay ng hanapbuhay para sa kasapi, ng pagkakataon para sa maliit na mangangalakal, tumubo at makapagbigay ng dibidendo para sa mga kasapi.
Ang pagtangkilik ng mga kasapi ng tindahang kooperatiba ang siyang nagpapalago o nagpapalaki ng kita o tubo na siya naming hinahati-hati bilang dibidendo sa katapusan ng taon o sa takdang panahong napagkasunduan ng lahat ng
kasapi.

A. PINAGMULAN NG PUHUNAN AT KUNG PAANU MAGKAKAROON NG PERA

“Ang inutang ay dapat gamitin sa kapaki-pakinabang na layunin.”
(Responsableng Pangungutang)
Mga maaring pagmulan ng pang-puhunan
a) Ambagan d) Bangko
b) Paluwagan e) kooperatiba
c) Uutang f) pribado

Talaan ng Binabalak na Negosyo

A. Pinanggalingan at Paggagamitan ng Pera
(Sources and Uses of Funds)
1. Pinanggalingan – Kooperatiba P60,000.00
2. Pinaggamitan

a. Pagtatayo ng tindahan 30,000

b. Imbentaryo ng paninda -30,000
0
B. Buwanang Ulat ng Kinita P20,000.00
C. Mga Gastusin
1. Loan Amortization
a. Prinsipal (P60,000 ÷ 12 buwan) P5,000
b. Interes (P7,200 )12% kada taon + 600
5,600
2. Iba pang Pinagkakagastahan
kuryente P500
tubig 120
telepono 700
bayad sa buwis + 100
7,020
D. Buwanang Kita
Buwanang Benta P20,000
- Interes + Iba pang Pinagkagastusan - 7,020
P12,980
A. TINDAHANG TINGIAN AT TINDAHANG KOOPERATIBA
“Ang pag-eentreprenur ay isang pakikipagsapalaran (risk-taking)”

TINDAHANG TINGIAN TINDAHANG KOOPERATIBA

Tindahang Tingian Tindahang Kooperatiba

1. Kadalasan, isa lamang ang nagmamay-ari 1.Maraming tao ang nangangasiwa.
2.Galing sa isang tao ang puhunan. 2. Nanggagaling ang puhunan sa mga kasapi.
3. Maliit lang ang puhunang kailangan. 3. Nangangailangan ng malaking puhunan.
4. Ang tubo ay napupunta sa isang tao 4. Ang bawat kasapi ay may karapatang tumanggap ng dibidendo.
5. Pinangangasiwaan ng ilang tao lamang 5. Ang pamamahala at desisyon ay pinagkakaisahan ng mga kasapi.
 6. Unti-unti ang pagbili ng paninda. 6. Maramihan ang pamimili.
7. Ang paghina o paglakas ng benta ay nakasalalay sa magandang relasyon ng pagtitinda at ng namimili 7. Nakasalalay ang tagumpay sa pagsasagawa ng mga tungkulin at karapatan ng bawat kasapi.

QUIZ
 Isulat ang T kung ito'y naglalarawan ng tindahang tingian at K kung tindahang kooperatiba.
_____ 1. Isa lamang ang nagmamay-ari ng tindahang ito.
_____ 2. Ang bawat kasapi ng tindahang ito ay may karapatang tumanggap ng dibidendo.
_____ 3. Nanggagaling ang puhunan sa mga kasapi.
_____ 4. Binubuo ng ibat-ibang lupon.
_____ 5. Ang pamamahala at desisyon ay galing sa may-ar
Directions: In your province, interview a successful entrepreneur whose type of business is related with your field of choice of specialization. Focus your questions on PECs and other business-related attributes that helped
them become successful. Analyze the results of the interview and reflect on the similarities and/or differences. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

INTERVIEW GUIDE
Name of Proprietor/Practitioner: ___________________________________________________________________
Age: _______________ Number of Years in Business: _________________
Business Name: _________________________________________________________________________________
Business Address: ______________________________________________

1. What preparations did you make before you engaged in this type of business or job? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________.
2. What special skills and characteristics do you have that are related with your business or job? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________.
3. How did you solve business-related problems during the early years of your business operation? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________.
4. Did you follow the tips from a successful businessman or practitioner before you engaged in your business? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________.
5. What best business practices can you share with aspiring entrepreneurs? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________.
6. What do you think are the salient characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and traits that made you successful in your business or job?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________.

Directions: Gather the needed information from the interview to supply answer/s to row 1 in the table below, after which, fill out the second row with your PECs. Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies

Characteristics Characteristics

Attributes Attributes

Lifestyles Lifestyles
 Skills Skills

Traits Traits

Successful Entrepreneur in the province My PECs

Using the information on the table above, analyze and reflect on the similarities and differences in your answers. Write your conclusion on the space provided. Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies

Similarities
Differences
Characteristics
Attributes
Lifestyles
Skills
Traits

Conclusion: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________.

Directions: Use the information generated from Interview and prepare an action plan that indicates alignment of your PECs to the PECs of a successful entrepreneur in your province.

Objectives
Area
Activities
Strategies
Time Frame
Expected Outcome
Characteristics
Attributes To align my PECs with the PECs of a successful entrepreneur in my field of specialization
Lifestyles
Skills
Traits

Directions: Read and study the following questions below.

1. Why is there a need to compare and align one’s PECs with the PECs of a successful entrepreneur? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________.
2. How does your action plan help sustain your strong PECs and/or address your development areas? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________.
3. What plan of action will you utilize to address your development areas? _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

STRATEGIES IN TEACHING AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRIAL ARTS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

8. Strategies in teaching Agriculture, Industrial Arts and Demonstrating Strategies in teaching Agriculture, Industrial Arts and Differentiating and identifying Strategies in teaching Agriculture,
Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship Industrial Arts and Entrepreneurship
What is EPP and TLE?
EPP – is the name the subject in TLE from grades 4 and 6
Filipino is the medium of instruction for grades 4 to 5.
English for grade 6 in preparation for TLE.
ENTREPRENUERSHIP – Is integrated in all four areas of TLE.
Legal Basis of Teaching EPP and TLE
The Legal basis of teaching EPP and TLE 1987 Constitution Art. II, Section 17, It is declared policy of the state to “give priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture, and sports to foster patriotism and
nationalism, accelerate social progress, and promote total human liberation and development”

RA 10647An Act strengthening the ladderized Interface Between Technical – Vocational Education and Training Higher Education, which was signed into law on November 21, 2014 states: “It’s hereby declared the
policy of the state to institutionalize the ladderized interface between technical-vocational education educational and training (TVET) and higher education to open the pathways of opportunities for career and
educational progression of students and workers.”

Intended Outcomes of the Teaching EPP and TLE / Learning Area Standard: TLE Teaching indicates: The teaching and learning of TLE ultimately leads to higher education Middle level power. Entrepreneurship and
employment. Study of the Areas of TLE namely Agricultural and Fishery Arts Industrial Arts Home Economics ICT is expected to lead to technological proficiency. Technological Proficiency – is the ability to apply the
technical knowledge and skills and values learned in the four areas of TLE.

Key Stage Standards

Grade 4 – 6 : The learner demonstrate a understanding of the basic knowledge and skills in entrepreneurship & ICT, Agriculture, Home Economics, and Industrial Arts towards the improvement of personal life, family,
and community.
Grade 7 – 10 : The learner demonstrate and understanding of the basic concepts of selectef TLE course in Home Economics, Industrial Arts and ICT competencies common to TLE courses such as use of and
maintenance of tools, observing, safety in the work place, mensuration and calculation, and interpreting technical drawings: and gain socialized knowledge and skills in at least one TLE that whould enable his/her to
obtain NC II.
Grade 11 – 12: The learner demostrate specialized technical skills that would enable him/her to obtain NC II.
What are these NC I and and NC II
This are the different levels of national certificates awarded by the Technical Skills and Development Authority (TESDA) to a student who passes the assessment given the same agency.
The Two Levels of NC
1. NC 1 – a student who obtains an NC I means that he/she is able to perform routine and predictable tasks, has little judgement and works under supervisions.”
 2. NC II – a holder of NC II is one who can perform a prescribed range a functions involving known routines and procedures. He/she has limited choice and complexity of functions and has little accountability.”Grade
Level Standard What are taught?
Grade 4 – Basic concepts in agriculture, entreprenuership and ICT, home economics, industrial arts to improve self and family life.
Grade 5 – Increase knowledge in agriculture, entreprenuership and ICT, home economics, industrial arts to improve family life and the community
Grade 6 – Enhanced and expanded knowledge in agriculture, entrepreneurship and Ict, home.economics, industrial arts to improve family life and community.
What are taught?
Grade 7 and 8 – Exploratory courses in at least 8 subjects (4 subjects in Grade 7 and 4 in Grade 8) in the TLE areas – agriculture, ICT, home economics Focus is on common competencies – use and calculation,
interpreting drawing, occupational safety and health Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies only in Grade 8.
Grade 9 and 10 – Specialization with Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies, environment and market, process/production and delivery.
Grade 11 – Continuation of specialization started in Grade 9; with preparing and implementing a business plan, simple accounting and financial plan to determine the feasibility and viability of one’s business.
Grade 12 – Continuation of specialization and entreprenuership as an applied track subject.
GUIDELINES AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES in the TEACHING OF EPP/TLE
 Cover the four TLE areas in Grade 7 and 8 for exploratory purposes – agriculture and fisheries, ICT, home economics and industrial arts.
 Develop student’s entrepreneurial mindset.
 Do contextualized teaching.
 Teach entrepreneurial concepts in the context of the TLE student’s specialization in Grade 9 to 12.
 TLE is a skill-dominated subject. Therefore, teaching TLE must make use of experiential learning.
 Subject offering must be done systematically from Grades 7 to 12 to enable the TLE students to obtain nd NC II in Grade 12.
 The teaching TLE is focuses on knowledge and information, Edukasyong Pantahan at Pangkabuhayan Technology Livelihood Education.
DIRECT METHOD OF INSTRUCTIONS
 It is important that as a teacher demonstrates a process, he/she cautions students on steps of a skill where students are most often mistaken or which are most often missed. Since TLE is a skill subject, direct instruction is most
appropriate. The demostration method is a direct method of instruction. It is referred to as the “show and tell” method.
 The teacher simply shows to the students how a thing is done and explains as he/she demostrate. For an effective demostrations, it is necessary that the teacher mentions the dos and dont’s of the process for emphasis and clarity.
 It is expected that after the teacher memonstrate of a process, the students are given the opportunity to demonstrate the process or the skill themselves. However, students should not have expected to demonstrate the process or the skill
immediately on their own after the teacher has shown it. This has to done gradually.
The Steps are:

1. Teacher demonstrate – “Watch me and listen to me”

2. Students demonstrate with teachet – “Let’s do it together”
3. When students can do the process by himself / herself, student demonstrate the skill or process – “Do it as I watch”
4. Teacher gives more opportunity for practice for skill mastery Teacher assesses to determine skill mastery by the students.

Assessment under the K to 12 for TLE teachers

9. Assessment under the K to 12 for TLE teachers Demonstrate TLE Assessment Discussing various Assessment under the K to 12 for TLE teachers
(Field study Compilation)