Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2019

Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level

In Information Technology (IT)

(WIT11) Paper 01
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Summer 2019
Publications Code WIT11_01_1906_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2019
General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate in
exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for what they
have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their perception of
where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used
appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should always
award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should
also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit
according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by which
marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a candidate’s
response, the team leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with an
alternative response.
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
1 (a) i The only correct answer is A 1

B is not correct because TVs are often not patched/updated after they are sold

C is not correct because the TV's code is usually written specifically for that device

D is not correct because not all TVs have email apps or suitable storage

1 (a) ii The only correct answer is C 1

A is not correct because an embedded system may use a range of different memory types

B is not correct because an embedded system may be autonomous

D is not correct because some embedded systems can be turned off and on
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
1 (b) i Award one mark for any of: Ignore any 1
spelling
• ROM (1) errors
• Read Only Memory (1) With
• EPROM (1) multiple
• EEPROM (1) answers
• flash memory (1) mark the
• Non-volatile memory (1) first one
• Solid state (1) Do not
allow RAM
1 (b) ii Award one mark for each function up to a maximum of two marks: 2

• Controls how the device / TV behaves/functions on start-up (1)

• Controls how the device / TV behaves/functions during user interaction (e.g. onscreen
menus) (1)
• Allows software to interact with the TV’s hardware (1)
• Allows the TV to be modified (at a later date) to remove bugs / add features / change
functions (1)
• Stores date / time / region information (1)
• Stores updates to the software (1)
• Stores TV’s apps (1)
• Stores the BIOS (1)
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
1 (c) i Award up to two marks for each of two descriptions such as: Do not 4
accept
• voice guide / on-screen reader (1) which will read on-screen text / give information helping
about current channel / programme (1) visual
• audio description (1) which provides a description of the scene/setting (1) impairment
• high contrast (1) which applies high contrast to all menus, control panels, etc. (1) as an
• change brightness / screen temperature (1) to allow more comfortable viewing / extension
relieve eye strain (1)
• colour blindness mode / ability to change colours (1) to allow colour blind people to
see what is on the TV (menus, etc.) (1)
• screen zoom/enlarge (1) allowing people to zoom in to important parts of the screen /
enlarge menus, etc. (1)
• guide dots / markings on the (remote) controls (1) to enable people to operate it
without seeing the buttons (1)
• voice activated TV controls (1) to enable people to operate the TV without seeing the
controls. (1)
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
1 (c) ii Award up to three marks for a linked explanation such as: Do not 3
allow
Want to create an inclusive/non-discriminating society where anybody can access the digital making
devices (1) there are official standards/guidelines that manufacturers must follow (1) which more profit
have legal/reputation penalties if not followed (1) arguments

OR

Making devices easier to use for people with disabilities will increase the size of the market (1)

OR

Customer pressure to include people with disabilities (1) company responds to keep
customers satisfied (1)

Total for question 1 12

Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
2 (a) Award one mark for each point up to a maximum of three marks for a linked description. 3

• Find IP address:
o Browser checks cache for previously used connection information (1)
o Browser connects to Domain Name Service (server) / DNS (server) / Domain
Name Server (1)
o DNS server has database/tables of domain names and IP addresses (1)
o DNS server looks up IP/converts name to IP (1)
• IP address sent to browser (1)
• IP address used to connect to website (host) (1)

Question Answer Additional Mark

number Guidance
2 (b) Award one mark for each difference up to a maximum of three marks. Accept 3
other
• static page content is fixed, dynamic alters with user actions (1) server-side
• dynamic pages use a fixed format/template while static pages can all be different (1) scripting
• static written in HTML, dynamic written in a server-side scripting language/PHP/ASP/JSP languages
(1)
• static code/HTML is read/displayed by the browser/client computer, dynamic is a
server-side process (1)
• static content (usually) held in one location, dynamic page content called (by script)
from other files/data source(s) (1)
• dynamic, easy to add new features, such as a data feed, to an existing web page
(whereas the content for static pages is hard coded) (1)
• database can be used by dynamic pages to supply content (whereas the content for
static pages is hard coded) (1)
Question Indicative content Mark
number
2(c) Responses should be in relationship to the context of the question (advantages of dynamic web pages) 6
responses may look at one aspect in depth or cover elements of more than one.

Ease of use by web author Hilmi:

• easy to create structured / organised pages
• does not need to know HTML
• no need to recode pages to change content
• can connect to a database / data source allowing the use of a content management system
• no or reduced costs / time when changing page content

Responsive to users:
• pages are filled / sorted according to user actions
• interactive actions allow help user engagement
• able to respond to / accommodate different screen sizes / resolutions

Other:
• content can respond to:
o cookies
o time of day
o locational information
• better for SEO
Level Mark Descriptor
0 No rewardable material.
Level 1 1–2 • Demonstrates limited knowledge and understanding, some of which may be inaccurate.
• Applies understanding with limited coherence to produce a superficial and unbalanced discussion.
Level 2 3–4 • Demonstrates knowledge and understanding which is mostly relevant but may include some
inaccuracies.
• Applies understanding to make some coherent connections, leading to a discussion that shows some
development, but may be unbalanced.
Level 3 5–6 • Demonstrates accurate and relevant knowledge and understanding throughout.
• Applies understanding coherently to produce a balanced and fully developed discussion.
Total for question 2 12
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
3 (a) Accept 6
Label Name reasonable
A Invoice / receipt alternative
B Order part / process order names for
C Order(s) items
D (Stockroom) staff
E Create/raise/write reports
F Supplier / wholesaler / manufacturer
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
3 (b) i Award one mark for each correct part of the query up to a maximum of six marks. Award 6
marks with
• select required fields from the correct tables (1) minor
• only the required fields selected (1) errors in
• manufacturer = Lucas Electrical (1) syntax as
• stock > 0 (1) long as the
• use of LIKE/= with correct pattern for part number (1) intent is
• use of AND for multiple conditions (1) clear.
• join correct (1)
• ORDER BY name (1)

e.g.
SELECT name, telephone
FROM tbl_supplier, tbl_bulbs
WHERE manufacturer=’Lucas Electrical’
AND partnumber LIKE ‘LL_ _80 1157 BAY_ _D’ / =LL%80 1157 BAY%D
AND stocklevel > 0 / !=0 / <>0
AND tbl_supplier.supplierID=tbl_bulb.supplierID
ORDER BY name
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
3 (b) ii Award up to a maximum of three marks for a linked explanation. e.g. 3

Car dealer has access to rare / obsolete stock (information) (1) does not have to build / maintain
its own database / information is all in one place/does not have to call numerous suppliers (1)
saving time / resources (1)

Car dealer has access to rare / obsolete stock (information) (1) does not have hold wide variety
of stock (1) saving space / resources / money (1)

Car dealer can offer (better) service to customers (1) that it could not do without access (1)
giving better customer experience / satisfaction (1)

Car dealer can supply rare / obsolete items (1) that would take time / resources to find without
the database (1) giving increased sales / profit / customer satisfaction (1)
Total for question 3 15
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
4(a) Award one mark for each point up to a maximum of three marks for a linked description: Accept 3
reverse
• data moving into the stack/layers is given a header (1) arguments
• in each/all layers going down, data is encapsulated further / new header is added (1) for data
• the header plus data from previous layer becomes the data/package (1) passing up
• header contains addressing information / header makes data compatible with the next the stack
process (1)
• the header information is used to extract the data from the encapsulated package (1) Allow
information
instead of
header

Question Answer Additional Mark

number Guidance
4(b) Award one mark for each point up to a maximum of six marks 6
• diagram shows a layered process (1)
• 6 layers in order / reverse order, (any 6 of Application, Presentation, Session, Transport,
Network, Data link, Physical) (1)
• 7th layer in correct position (1)
• diagram indicates data flow between the layers (1)
• diagram includes some protocols/information about the data (1)
• diagram indicates media (bottom 3 / layers1-3) / host (top 4 / layers 4 - 7) (1)
• diagram is a labelled diagram, not a table, list, set of paragraphs, etc. (1)
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
4 (c) i Award one mark for each point up to a maximum of four marks for a linked explanation. 4

• OSI is about communications between a network and a user (1)

• TCP/IP is about connecting hosts over the internet/a network (1)
• OSI is generic/protocol independent / can use any appropriate protocol (1)
• TCP/IP is based on (standard) internet protocols (1)
• OSI is a reference model/guide (1)
• TCP/IP is an implementation of that (OSI) model (1)

Examples
• OSI is a generic model (1) used as a guide to building a network/communications system
(1) while TCP/IP is an implementation (1) that uses standard protocols for running a
(network/communications) system/the internet (1)
• TCP/IP is used to connect hosts over the internet. (1) It uses TCP and IP/standard
protocols (1) while OSI is about communications between a user and a network. (1) OSI
does not have standard protocols (1)
• TCP/IP uses TCP and IP/standard protocols (1) for communicating over a network (1)
while OSI can use these protocols but does not have to. (1) It is protocol independent (1)
4 (c) ii Award one mark for each point to a maximum of two marks. 2

• IPv4 is running/has run out of available addresses / IPv6 has many times more
addresses available (1)
• IPv6 removes need for address sharing / removes need to use NAT to share a (network)
address (1)
• IPv6 is more secure (than IPv4) (1) (allow Encrypted)
• IPv6 is more efficient (than IPv4) (1)
Total for question 4 15
Question Indicative Content Mark
number
5 Responses should be in relationship to the context, advantages and disadvantages to Sanjeev of the 12
digital footprints that he has generated.

Active footprint (generated when Sanjeev deliberately releases / shares personal data, e.g. on social
media).

Advantages:
• editors can more easily find Sanjeev to
o offer work
o see examples of his writing
o see what styles, genres etc. he can write in
• helps protect Sanjeev from:
o fraudulent activity
o plagiarism / claims of plagiarism
o other legal issues such as copyright
• allows companies to personalise Sanjeev’s visits to their sites, for e.g. special offers, suggested
products.

Disadvantages:
• adverts / offers may be based on Sanjeev’s research and not be wanted for his everyday life
• personal data can be monetised without Sanjeev’s knowledge / permission
• companies may ‘personalise’ by increasing prices based on a perception of Sanjeev’s wealth /
status
• analysis of an active footprint can reveal more information than Sanjeev had intended to share
• privacy problems
Passive footprint (generated when Sanjeev visits sites, performs transactions. e.g. cookies, logfiles).

Advantages:
• enhanced experience, e.g. search fill, location awareness
• helps protect Sanjeev from:
o credit card fraud
o attempts to log in to his accounts, e.g. email, shopping

Disadvantages:
• privacy problems
• no control over what is collected
• information may end up in wrong hands, e.g. credit card numbers, account numbers
• embarrassing / inconvenient material may be collected
• may impact on non-internet activities. Footprint may be used by companies dealing with e.g. credit
references, rental agreements.

Managing the footprints going forward:

• keep personal / work accounts separate / separate accounts for different functions
• don’t use same user names for multiple accounts / set up multiple profiles
• security measures / clearing cookies / browser add ons to prevent tracking
• deliberate management of active footprint(s) to suit Sanjeev’s purposes
• use of anonymous / private browsing / secure browser (add ons)
Level Mark Descriptor
0 No rewardable material.
Level 1 1–4 • Demonstrates limited knowledge and understanding, some of which may be inaccurate.
• Applies understanding with limited coherence to produce a response that lacks development.
• Demonstrates limited awareness of competing arguments.
• Conclusion, if present, is generic or unsupported.
Level 2 5–8 • Demonstrates knowledge and understanding, which is mostly relevant and may include some
inaccuracies.
• Applies understanding to make some coherent connections and a partially developed response.
• Demonstrates some awareness of competing arguments, but this may be unbalanced, and partially
supports conclusion with evidence.
Level 3 9–12 • Demonstrates accurate and relevant knowledge and understanding throughout.
• Applies understanding coherently to produce a fully developed response.
• Demonstrates an awareness of competing arguments and supports conclusion with evidence.
Total for question 5 12
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
6 (a) The diagram shows the functionality – the location of particular devices may vary. Allow radio signals Allow 10
for connecting devices as long as a receiver is included. software
based
Award one mark for each item to a maximum of ten marks: clock /
a) microprocessor / processor / embedded computer in control box / server / computer timer for
b) modem / router in control box / attached or wired to the box (c)
c) timer / clock in box or from internet
d) microprocessor (or device credited in (a)) connects to Internet via router/modem
e) red light / traffic camera on main/side road
f) red light sensor identified, motion (radar, camera)
g) speed sensor on main/side road (radar, camera) (must be at entrance to the village)
h) appropriate vehicle sensor on side road, proximity (pressure, radar, induction loop, camera)
i) radio receiver
j) wireless signal to radio receiver (vehicle is not needed for the mark)
k) all sensors, lights, cameras and radio receiver connect to switch
Note:
Where sensors are not labelled the mark can be awarded if:
• a sensor is placed near the traffic lights (f)
• one or more sensors are placed at the entrance to the village (g).
(h) can only be awarded if it is clearly positioned on a side road
Question Answer Additional Mark
number Guidance
6 (b) i Award two marks for a linked explanation such as: Accept 2
reasonable
• road safety (1) seeing defective/overloaded vehicles / seeing dangerous manoeuvres alternatives
such as cutting corner when turning
• crime reduction (1) tracking stolen/unlicensed vehicles (1) Not
• traffic management/planning/statistics (1) recording types and volumes of traffic / need catching
to know peak periods/volumes (1) speeding,
• environmental concerns (1) need to need to know peak periods/volumes/vehicle types given in 6a
(1)
• law enforcement (1) surveillance/intelligence gathering / deterrence (1)
6 (b) ii Award one mark for each point up to a maximum of two marks for a linked description. 2

• privacy concerns / civil liberties violations / state surveillance (1)

• tracking movements of vehicles / people/owners/drivers (1)
• allowing (government) intrusion into private life (1)
• risk of data theft from government database (1)
• government might sell/pass on data without authorisation (1)

Examples:
• government could use the system to track the movement of innocent people (1) and
therefore intrude on their right to privacy (1)
• government could create a profile of its citizens movements (1) for political purposes (1)
Total for question 6 14
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