1.

 Flatbed Trailers

Flatbed trailers are the most commonly used type of trailers.

They are highly versatile and that is the reason why they are
extremely common. Flatbed trailers can be used for the
transportation of almost everything from steel coils to lumber.

Flatbed trailers are open from all sides and do not have a box

that covers the load being shipped. As a result, it is extremely
easy to load and off-load. The load can be picked up by a crane
from the top or picked up by fork lifter from the sides.

The maximum weight that can be loaded on a flatbed trailer is

48,000 pounds. The length of a flatbed trailer varies. It comes in
different sizes including the following: 24 feet, 40 feet, 45 feet,
48 feet, and 53 feet, the most common being the 48 feet flatbed
trailer. The maximum width that is legally allowed is 8.5 feet and
the maximum allowed height of the load is 8.5 feet. The flatbed
is usually at a height of 60 inches from the ground.
Since there is no container to keep the material being
transferred adequately covered, the material has to be covered
by tarp. You cannot just drape tarp over the load. Covering a
flatbed trailer with a tarp can be tricky. There are certain things
to consider, mainly the material of the tarp and the correct
safety precautions.

Covering Flatbed Trailer with a Tarp

Before moving on to the correct way of covering the flatbed

trailer with a tarp, let’s have a look at the types of tarps used for
this purpose:

Steel Truck Tarp

Steel tarps are used when the loads include steel freight such as

steel coils. In such circumstances, the tarp has to be of high-
quality, heavy duty, and cost-friendly. They are the best type of
tarps to be used. This is especially true when the material being
carried is crafted and needs extra protection.

Steel truck tarps are usually 24 feet long and 12 feet wide. Steel
truck tarps that are 8 feet wide are also available. These tarps
have a 2 to 3 feet drop on either side. Such steel truck tarps are
suitable for loads that include rebar and sheet steel. They cover
the topside of the material and protect it from rain and dirt.

Lumber Tarp

Lumber tarps are ideal for loads that include lumber wall board,
trim molding, etc. They protect the load from dust and rain.
They hang 7 feet on each side.
There are two types of lumber tarps; lumber tarp with a flat at
front end and lumber tarp with a boxed end. The first type is
suitable to protect the material from dust and dirt and prevent
parachuting when the wind gets underneath the covering. The
later has a boxed end with the sewn flap sides at the front. This
is suitable for trailers that routinely transport the same kind of
loads.

Glass-Clear Tarp

Glass-clear tarps are suitable for trailers that carry materials that

need to be protected from dirt, dust, rain, and slime. These are
made with fishnet knitted or thick weaved material.

Smoke Tarp

Smoke tarps for trailers are rectangular in shape and smaller in

size as compared to the rest of the types of tarps. They protect
the load from the front side, from the exhaust produced by the
truck. They are suitable for smaller loads that include PVC or
steel.

Now that you know the types of tarps, you would know which
tarp is suitable for the load you are transporting on your trailer.
You can’t risk the tarp blowing away or dislodging during the
transportation, can you? Definitely not! Here is how you should
tarp your trailer properly.

 Organize the load properly because if that is not

done, the load may tear or damage the tarp that
would result in having to bear unnecessary costs.
 Choose the right tarp type to suit the type of load you
are carrying.
  Tarps are usually heavy (about 80 pounds). Therefore,
you might need a forklift to transfer the tarp on top of
the load.
 Use a ladder to climb on the top of the load.

 Unroll the tarp facing forward till the load is covered

end-to-end. Secure the tarp to the bed of the trailer

using the D rings on tarps.
This way, you can transport any load on your flatbed trailer
safely!

2. Dry Vans or Enclosed Trailers

As the name indicates, an enclosed trailer is the one that has a

container to enclose the load. It is like a flatbed trailer, with a
box to contain the material being transported. They can be used
to transport almost everything ranging from tools to band
equipment. Like flatbed trailers, they are also very common.
Enclosed trailers are quite affordable as compared to some
other types of trailers. Moreover, they provide added security to
the material being transported. They keep the contents
enclosed in a container, and protect it from weather elements
and from any other security threats. Moreover, you don’t even
have to worry about additional costs of tarps.

The best thing about these types of trailers is that you can
enhance the usable space by making shelves and storage
cabinets within the enclosed container. Enclosed containers are
one of the best types of trailers that you can invest in.

The weight limit of an enclosed trailer is 42,000 pounds to

45,000 pounds. They are 48 to 53 feet long. Some dry vans can
be loaded from the front while some types can be loaded from
the sides.

3. Refrigerated Trailers
Sometimes, the material to be transferred has to be kept in cool
temperatures. These items include frozen foods, ice creams, or
pharmaceuticals. These products cannot be exposed to warmer
temperatures. This is where refrigerated trailers or reefers come
in the picture. They are like dry vans or enclosed trailers in
appearance, only with proper insulation and a cooling system
inside to maintain the temperature.

The major components of a reefer are a compressor, condenser,

and an evaporator. The entire system is enclosed within the
enclosed container.

The weight limit for these types of trailers is similar to that of a

dry van. However, their legal width and height are different. The
maximum legal width is 8.2 feet and maximum legal height is 8
feet.
4. Lowboy Trailers

Lowboy trailers are also known as low-bed, low loader, float, or

double-drop trailers. It is a semi-trailer having a drop deck. It
has two drops in the deck, one right behind the gooseneck and
the second one is present just before the wheels. As a result,
these types of trailers sit very close to the ground. The drop
allows the shipping of very huge items like heavy duty
construction equipment that is usually heavier than the
maximum weight limit of other types of trailers.

They are used to haul machinery and equipment like bulldozers,

excavators, and other construction equipment. Their maximum
legal height in width is greater than the other types of trailers.
The weight limit for lowboy trailer with two axles is 40,000
pounds. The weight limit can be increased to as much as 80,000
pounds (the number of axles required will vary accordingly). The
maximum height of loads that it can carry is 14 feet. However,
you would need additional permits from the authorities before
carrying such heavy and oversized loads on a lowboy trailer.

5. Step Deck Trailers

Step deck trailers are quite similar to flatbed trailers. The only

difference between the two is the maximum legal height.
Flatbed trailers are about 60 inches above the ground, whereas,
step deck trailers are even closer to the ground that provides a
little margin for carrying loads taller than 8 feet as in the flatbed
trailer. They are used to transport loads that cannot be
transported via flatbed trailer, mainly because of the height.

They are open trailers having two deck levels, an upper and a
lower level. They have ramps for unloading. Moreover, they are
safer for unloading by a forklift because they are closer to the
ground.

6. Extendable Flatbed Trailers

Extendable flatbed trailers are flatbed trailers that can be

extended. They are exactly like flatbed trailers; the only
difference is that their length is not fixed. A 43 feet long flatbed
can be extended to up to 80 feet long. Just like flatbed trailers,
they are open trailers, without any walls or roof (no container).
They allow the shipment of larger loads that are too large to be
shipped through a regular flatbed trailer.
When the trailer bed has to be extended, the pin joining the two
sections is released and brakes of the truck are applied which
send the extendable portion of the trailer bed to extend.

7. Stretch Single Drop Deck Trailers

As the name indicates, the stretch single drop deck trailers are

similar to step deck trailers, with an extendable bed. They are
especially for the loads that are too big for a regular step deck
trailer. They not only allow the transport of much longer loads
but they also provide additional support. The lower deck can
extend as much as 76 feet (48 to 76 feet). The front deck is
about 9.6 feet in length. The maximum load width is 8.6 feet,
the maximum load height us 11.4 feet, and the maximum
weight limit for stretch single drop deck trailer is 44,000 pounds.

8. Removable Gooseneck Trailer (RGN)

When you have to move massive loads, it can be difficult and

cumbersome. Considering the additional permits required for
larger and heavier loads, it can actually get stressful. Moreover,
the larger and bigger the load, the more technical its
transportation gets. This is where RGN trailers become a savior.

With RGN trailers, the loads are held closer to the ground that
allows you to carry taller objects. You don’t have to worry about
height permits with RGN trailers.

A gooseneck trailer is also known as the double lowboy or

double drop trailer. It is an ideal trailer when you have to move
large equipment. The RGN trailer has a drop in the middle
which provides a margin for taller objects. You can place the
taller objects in the dropped region and use the raised beds for
equipment that isn’t too tall. The dropped region is known as
the well, which is 29 feet long. Because the well is closer to the
ground, you can place an object as tall as 12 feet without
violating any rules and regulations about maximum height that
a trailer can carry.

This is not the only benefit of a gooseneck trailer. The

gooseneck or the front end of the trailer is detachable.
Detaching the front end of the gooseneck trailer allows heavy
equipment like a bulldozer to drive directly onto the trailer.
Once it is in place, the detached portion of the trailer is
reattached. This feature makes loading and unloading quite
convenient and quick.

9. Specialty Trailers

Specialty trailers are built for specific purposes. They are built to
specifications and are not available otherwise. The way in which
the specialty trailer is built depends on the purpose, for
example, a specialty trailer for moving massive quantities of
liquid will be different while a specialty trailer built for medical
or food services would be entirely different. These trailers
require a special permit and the driver has to have a special
license that allows him to tow the load. The weight limit for
specialty trailers can be as much as 200,000 pounds.

There are many types of specialty trailers. Some of them have

been listed below.

Trailers for Transport of Hazardous Materials

You may have seen huge trailers that carry petrol, diesel, oil,
and other hazardous and/ or flammable materials. These trailers
that transport massive quantities of liquids are not the usual
rectangular ones, instead they are cylindrical in shape. The same
trailers are used to deliver chemicals to industries as well. These
are specialty trailers that have been designed with a purpose of
transporting certain liquids.

These trailers need additional permits. Moreover, the cost to

transport freight is also higher for them. There is no way you
can find a way around strict regulations associated to these
trailers as the risk of injury, damage, and spillage is huge.

Medical Trailers

Medical trailers include mobile clinics that allow companies to

provide medical services and equipment to the people on-site.
Medical trailers are equipped with the basic medical equipment
that can cater to basic medical situations and emergencies.
Moreover, medical trailers are also common in health camps.
Blood banks are often seen in mobile trailers. These are
enclosed containers, accommodating all facilities and services
within. Like all specialty trailers, they need special permits and
license to operate.
Event Marketing Trailers or Display Trailers

Event marketing trailers are also called display trailers. They

allow the companies to display their advertisements on mobile
trailers so that the message can be delivered to masses. Display
trailers attract more customers. With on-site promotions,
demonstrations, and sales, more and more customers will get to
know about the company and its products. Event marketing
using specialty trailers is getting quite common nowadays since
it is one of the most efficient marketing techniques.

Food Services Trailers

Food services trailers are enclosed trailers that accommodate

entire kitchens within. They provide food services to the people
on-the-go. They can be seen at conferences, food carnivals
festivals, catering conferences, etc. They are a new trend where
many food chains are opening up branches in enclosed mobile
trailers so that they can reach more customers.

Vending Trailers

Many businesses believe that if customers aren’t coming to

them, they should go to the customers. This has given rise to a
new concept that is, vending trailers. These enclose trailers are
more like mini-outlets of vendors that are on-the-go. This
enables the businesses to reach more customers and sell their
products to people without the need of the customers to come
all the way to the main outlets.

Regardless of the purpose a specialty trailer is being used for, a

special permit and a license is necessary. The regulations are the
strictest for the trailers that are used to transport hazardous
materials as compared to the specialty trailers that are being
used for commercial purposes.
10. Side-kit Trailers

To help you get a clearer picture of a side-kit trailer, we would

want you to imagine a flatbed trailer, with removable sides and
a tent like top covering. That is a side-kit trailer for you.

Side-kit trailers are used to transport material that does not

need to be packed in containers or for materials that cannot be
packed. For example, granular material like powders, crops, coal,
gravel, etc that is so irregular in shape that it can’t be contained
in an enclosed container or a crate. They are specifically useful
for material like crops that need to be protected from moisture
and dirt during transport.

Enclosed trailers make loading and unloading quite difficult,

especially if the objects are very heavy. With side-kit trailers, the
removable sides make unloading easier with the help of
forklifts. Because the sides can be detached throughout the
length of the trailer bed, arranging the large, heavy-weight
objects becomes convenient.

The length of side-kit trailers is variable. They can 48 to 53 feet

long. The width is usually 8.6 feet but because the removable
sides tale up about an inch o0f space on each side, the available
width is 8.4 feet. The maximum weight capacity of these trailers
is 42,000 to 45,000 pounds.

As far as the side kits are concerned, they range

from plywood to fiberglass. Moreover, you can opt to have a
tarp covering as a roof over the material. this would protect the
cargo from all elements. They are highly versatile trailers and
their low operating cost makes them one of the most
commonly used types of trailers.
11. Extendable Double Drop Trailers

Extendable double drop trailers are meant to haul loads that are

unusually long and cannot be transported via the regular
double drop trailers. The middle section of the stepped deck
can be extended to increase the trailer bed area that can then
accommodate unusually long equipment.

It is adaptable to non-standard needs. The height and the

length of the stepped deck can be adjusted, allowing the
transport of loads of various dimensions in one load. These
trailers allow the transport of taller and shorter loads both, with
the taller ones adjusted on the lower deck while the shorter
ones on the upper deck.

The maximum weight limit of extendable double drop trailers is

40,000 pounds. The maximum length that the trailer can extend
to is 29 to 50 feet, the maximum width is 8.5 feet, and the legal
freight height is 11.6 feet which are significantly greater than
the maximum freight height of other commonly used trailers.

12. Stretch RGN Trailers

When you have to transport loads that are excessively heavy

and tall, a stretch removable gooseneck trailer is what you
should consider. They are used when the standard RGN trailer is
not good enough to transport a certain load. The main deck of
a stretch RGN trailer can be extended from 29 to 65 feet.

The regular RGN trailers have a weight capacity of 42,000

pounds whereas the stretch RGN trailers can carry loads of up
to 150,000 pounds. The maximum width is just like any other
type of trailer that is 8.5 feet. The maximum height that it can
carry is 11.6 feet which is much greater than what other
trailers can carry.

There are certain features of a stretch RGN trailer that make it as

great as it is. Apart from an extendable deck, you can add extra
axels to balance the heavy loads that you will be carrying.
Moreover, the removable or detachable goosenecks make
loading and unloading of heavy equipment easier. If you want
to load heavy equipment like an excavator, all you will need to
do is detach the gooseneck, drive the excavator up the deck
and then re-attach the gooseneck. The unloading will be done
in a similar fashion.

13. Conestoga Trailer

Dry van trailers or enclosed trailers are by far the most popular
and the most commonly used trailers for the transport of cargo
that needs to be protected from elements. However, one major
drawback of these trailers is the loading and unloading from the
front end.

If you are looking for a trailer that offers easy loading and
unloading like that of a flatbed trailer and protection as good as
a dry van trailer, then Conestoga trailers are what you should e
looking at. They are typical flatbed trailers with a rolling tarp-
on-frame system. A protective tarp is loaded on a moving frame
that is attached on the sides of the flatbed, giving it an
appearance of a dry van trailer.

The only difference is that the entire frame with tarp (making
sides and roof) can be moved to expose the flatbed trailer. Once
the tarp-on-frame is rolled over, the cargo can be loaded or
unloaded from any of the sides with the help of forklift or from
the top using a crane. While the trailer is loaded, the tarp-on-
frame provides the protection from wind, dust, dirt, and rain.

14. Power-Only Trailers

When there is a need to transport an entire trailer from one

location to the other, power-only trailers are used. These are the
trailers that are used for towing other trailers. If you need to get
a trailer moved from one location to the other, you don’t need
to buy a tractor or a truck to be able to do so. All you need is a
power only trailer that will attach your trailer to its tail and tow
it to whatever your desired location is.

15. Multi-Car Trailer

Multi-car trailers could have been included under the specialty

trailers but there is a reason why we decided to list them
separately. The concept of specialty trailers is still growing but
multi-car trailers have been very common for many years now.
These are the trailers that are used to transport multiple cars
(from to 8) from one location to the other. They are two types
of multi-car trailers; single Decker and double Decker trailers. If
the number of car is as many as 8, a double Decker trailer is
used.

Since overpass height limits are usually 11.6 feet, multi-car

trailers generally cannot pass through. The vehicles are secured
to ensure that they do not get loose while being hauled.

Now that you know all about the different types of trailers, it
would be a lot easier for you to decide which one would suit
your needs. Trailers are a major investment and one should
consider the type of freight they need to transfer before settling
on a particular type of trailer. In-land freight transportation with
the help of trailers is still one of the most affordable options
compared to air-freight and a much faster alternative than sea-
freight.