NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM C.

The PMA, PMMA, PNPA are exempted from the

(Civic Welfare Training Service) NSTP in view of special character of these
institutions. Other State Universities and Colleges of
R.A 9163 similar nature will be exempted subject to approval
- an act of establishing the national service training of the Department of National Defense.
program (NSTP) for tertiary level students, D. Private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
amending for the purpose Republic Act No. 7077 and technical-vocational education institutions with
and Presidential Decree No. 1706 and for other 350 student cadets, must establish or maintain a
Department of Military Science and Tactics (DMST)
purpose,
- program aimed at enhancing civic consciousness
and defense preparedness in the youth by NSTP-CWTS DIMENSIONS OF DEVELOPMENT
developing the ethics of service and patriotism
1. Safety and Security - involves disaster
while undergoing training in any of its three (3)
preparedness during fire, earthquake or other
program components calamity that needs immediate response from any
trained civilians during emergency situations.
3 Program Components Basic lifesaving seminar, fire drill and the like are
1. ROTC - Reserve Officers' Training Corps is some of these examples.
a program institutionalized under Sections 38
and 39 of Republic Act No. 7077 designed to 2. Education - involves enhancement of
provide military training to tertiary level institutional support materials and facilities
for the community and school such as providing
students in order to motivate, train, organize
materials containing basic literacy skills for
and mobilize them for national defense
preschoolers, alternative learning system for out-of-
preparedness. school youths and adults, mathematics and science
tutorials and extended services of skilled students.
2. LTS - Literacy Training Service is a program
designed to train students to become 3. Recreation - involves sports fest, parlor games
teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to for street children and painting that enrich
school children, out of school youth, and other youth‘s capacities to relate with one another in the
segments of society in need of their service. community
.
4. Values Formation and Moral Recovery -
3. CWTS – Civic Welfare Training Service -
involves the development of youth to be good
refers to programs or activities contributory to
leaders, responsible individuals imbued with good
the general welfare and the betterment of moral values and active agent of development of the
life for the members of the community or community.
the enhancement of its facilities, especially
those devoted to improving health, education, 5. Industry and Entrepreneurship - includes
environment, entrepreneurship, safety, programs and activities that are vital to economic
recreation and morals of the citizenry. growth. CWTS students demonstrate technical skills
in communities like meat processing, silkscreen
Coverage.  making and how to establish small business.

6. Care for Health - aims to give knowledge on

A. All incoming students, male and female, medical-related fields and extend health services
starting school year (SY) 2002 – 2003, enrolled needed in the community. It includes medical
in any baccalaureate and in at least 2 years services like first-aid operation, vaccination,
technical-vocational or associate courses, are information dissemination, basic lifesaving seminars,
required to complete one (1) NSTP component of heath / nutrition technical assistance and training of
their choice, as graduation requirement. youth to be first aid assistants.

The above provision does not cover the following: 7. Environment - area inculcates environmental
a. Students who finished or graduated awareness and its contribution to health and related
from a baccalaureate degree or two-year fields. It involves management of waste,
environmental protection, dissemination and
technical-vocational courses or associate
application of technologies supportive of the
courses
community needs and livelihood activities related to
b. Students who completed any of the environment and other related fields supportive of
three NSTP components but considered the national thrust.
freshmen to the course where they
transferred or shifted; and
c. Foreign students or aliens.

B. All higher educational institutions including

State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) and technical-
vocational education institutions must offer upon
enrollment, all the three (3) NSTP components.
SELF AWARENESS Nationalism
-is the ability to see yourself clearly and objectively Generally, use to describe things
through reflection and introspection. An attitude that the members of a nation which
includes the concept of national identity such as
Two States of Self Awareness common origin, ethnicity and cultural ties.
1. Public self-awareness:
Being aware of how we can appear to others. Is an action that the members of the nation take
Because of this consciousness, we are more likely when seeking to achieve (or sustain) self-
to adhere to social norms and behave in ways that determination.
are socially acceptable. Is characterized by an attachment of superiority to
2. Private self-awareness: one’s country, an aspiration for its continuity,
Being able to notice and reflect on one’s prosperity, and maintaining a high regard and
internal state. Those who have private self- respect for the laws, principles and policies of
awareness are introspective, approaching their that country.
feelings and reactions with curiosity.
Patriotism
How to become a more self-aware person Patriotism is defined as a strong affection for
1. Envision yourself. one's nation. This virtue motivates citizens to labor
2. Ask the “what” questions selflessly for their nation and improve it.
3. Ask others about their perception of you
4. Keep a journal PATRIOTISM (Nathanson 1997)
5. Practice mindfulness patriotism consist of 4 main components which are
1. a special affection towards one's country;
GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUES 2. defining himself or herself through his or her
1. FAITH IN GOD – Be God-fearing and live country;
according to his will. 3. being interested in country's welfare;
2. UNITY – Work together and share with one 4. and sacrificing for the sake of country's
another. welfare.
3. PATRIOTISM – Place the good of the
country above one’s own. Examples of Patriotism
4. WORK – Be diligent and earn an honest 1. Participating in the representative
living. Do not engage in crime and democracy by registering to vote and voting
corruption. in elections.
5. RESPECT FOR LIFE – Recognize the 2. Volunteering for community service or
absolute value of human life dignity of every running for elected government office.
person Serving on juries.
6. TRUTH – stand up for the truth and avoid 3. Obeying all laws and paying taxes.
intrigue and mudslinging.
7. JUSTICE – Give everyone their due. Do not
oppress or take advantage of anyone. 5 Ways to inculcate patriotism in your children
8. FREEDOM – Assert your right to be able to 1. Celebrate national festivals.
do the right things. 2. Appreciate unity in diversity.
9. LOVE – Look after the good and welfare of 3. Visit national museums and monuments.
one another 4. Share important facts and trivia.
10. EQUALITY – Treat one another as brother 5. Respecting national symbols.
and sisters being children of one God and
one nation. WHAT IS BETWEEN PATRIOTISM AND
11. PEACE - Live and work together in NATIONALISM?
harmony. Avoid violence. there is a considerable difference between
12. PROMOTION OF THE COMMON GOOD – nationalism and patriotism. While Nationalism
Put the welfare of the greater number of emphasizes a unity of cultural past with inclusion of
people. the language and heritage, Patriotism is based on
13. CONCERN FOR FAMILY AND FUTURE love towards people with a greater emphasis on
GENERATIONS – Look after the welfare of values and beliefs.
family. The difference between nationalism and patriotism
14. CONCERN FOR THE ENVIRONMENT – is also the feeling of superiority.
Keep surroundings clean and preserve
natural resources.
15. ORDER – Respect the human rights of one
another and comply with your duties and
responsibilities.
THE PHILIPPINE FLAG dignified and shall include the playing or singing of
Is said to be the primary symbol of the nation’s the Philippine National Anthem.
camaraderie, solidarity and unity. It is therefore the PLEDGE TO THE FLAG
symbol of nationalism and patriotism in the country. SECTION 25
The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to
SOME FACTS OF PHILIPPINE FLAG the Philippine Flag:
The flag was first conceptualized by Emilio - Panunumpa, ako ay Pilipino
Aguinaldo. SECTION 35
The first flag was sewn in Hongkong by Marcela The National Anthem is entitled Lupang Hinirang.
Agoncillo, her daughter Lorenza, and Donya PROHIBITED ACTS ON THE PHILIPPINE FLAG
Delfina Herbosa de Natividad, niece of Jose 1. To mutilate, deface, trample on, cast
Rizal. contempt, or commit any act or omission
The flag is displayed with the blue field in the top in casting dishonour or ridicule upon the
time of piece, and with red field on the times of war. National Flag or over its surface.
2. To dip the National Flag to any person or
FLAG COLORS AND SYMBOLS object by way of compliment or salute.
The flag is horizontally divided into two fundamental 3. To use the National Flag as drapery,
colors, royal blue and scarlet red, with a white festoon or tablecloth.
equilateral triangle based at the hoist side. 4. To use the National Flag as pennant in the
BLUE field stands for peace, truth, and justice. hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles.
RED field stands for bravery 5. To use the National Flag as a staff or whip.
WHITE stands for equality and fraternity. 6. To use the National Flag for unveiling
GOLDEN YELLOW SUN has eight primary rays to monuments or statues.
represent the first provinces that sought 7. To use the National Flag as trademarks, or
independence from Spain such as Batangas, for industrial, commercial or agricultural
Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Manila, Nueva Ecija, labels or designs.
Pampanga, and Tarlac. 8. To display the National Flag under any
painting or picture.
FLAG COLORS AND SYMBOLS 9. To display the National Flag below any
The STARS represents the three major platform.
geographical subdivisions of the country, Luzon, 10. To display the National Flag in
Visayas and Mindanao. (LUZVIMINDA) discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs,
casinos, gambling joints and places of vice
RA 8491 – FLAG AND HERALDIC CODE OF THE or where frivolity prevails.
PHILIPPINES 11. To wear the National Flag in whole or in
Republic Act No. 8491 is AN ACT PRESCRIBING part as a costume or uniform.
THE CODE OF HE NATIONAL FLAG, ANTHEM 12. To add any word, figure, mark, picture,
MOTTO, COAT-OF-ARMS AND OTHER design, drawings, advertisement, or imprint
HERALDIC ITEMS AND DEVICES OF THE of any nature on the National Flag.
PHILIPPINES 13. To print, paint or attach representation of
the National Flag on handkerchiefs,
RA 8491 – napkins, cushions, and articles of
Be it enacted by the Senate and Home of merchandise.
Representatives of the Philippines in Congress 14. To display in public any foreign flag, except
assembled: February 12, 1998 in embassies and other diplomatic
SECTION 1. Short Title — This act shall be known establishment, and in offices of international
as the “Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines.” organizations.
SETION 4. The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, 15. To use or display or be part of any
white and red with an eight-rayed golden-yellow advertisement or infomercial.
sun and three five-pointed stars, as consecrated PENALTIES ON VIOLATIONS OF RA 8491
and honored by the people.
Section 50. Any person or juridical entity which
SECTION 5. The flag shall be displayed in all public
violates any of the provisions of this Act shall, upon
buildings, official residences public plazas, and
conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than
institutions of learning everyday throughout the
Five thousand pesos (P5,000) nor more than
year.
Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000), or by
imprisonment for not more than one (1) year, or
CONDUCT OF FLAG RAISING CEREMONY
both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion
SECTION 18. All government offices and
of the court: Provided, That for any second and
educational institutions shall henceforth observe
additional offenses, both fine and imprisonment
the flag-raising ceremony every Monday morning
shall always be imposed: Provided, further, That in
and the flag lowering ceremony every Friday
case the violation is committed by a juridical
afternoon. The ceremony shall be simple and
person, its President or Chief Executive Officer Signs and Symptoms of Drug Abuse
thereof shall be liable. 1. Sudden shift of attitudes. They become rude
and irrational.
2. Mood swings. Depressed first then
The Four Core Values of NSTP becoming highly elated.
1. MAKADIYOS (LOVE FOR GOD) 3. Highly excitable and displays fits of rage
the quality or state of being spiritually pure or and aggression.
virtuous. 4. Unusual effort to conceal needle marks on
1. Faith in Almighty arms; wears dark spectacles to hide
2. Respect for life constricted or dilated pupils and blood-shot
3. Order eyes from public view indoors and during
4. Work night time.
5. Concern for the Family and 5. Sudden regression from the usual and
future generation normal capabilities such as from school,
  work, and social habits.
2. MAKATAO (LOVE FOR PEOPLE) 6. Neglect of personal grooming, hygiene, and
This trait shows compassion and benevolence appearance.
towards other people. 7. Engaging in petty crimes and other forms of
1. Love mischief to support the illegal habits.
2. Freedom 8. Association with known drug abusers and
3. Peace people with shady character
4. Trust
5. Justice Classifications of Commonly Abused Drugs
  1. Depressant
MAKAKALIKASAN (LOVE FOR NATURE)  Known as “downers”, drugs which act on
This trait shows concerned with the maintenance of and depress the central nervous system
ecological balance and the conservation of the causing initial relaxation leading to
environment. drowsiness and sleep.
Concern for the Environment  An agent that reduces a bodily functional
Environment Sanitation activity or an instinctive desire
   Alcohol and Sedative hypnotics are the
MAKABANSA (LOVE FOR COUNTRY) examples.
Traits that show love and honor to one’s country.  . 2. Narcotics
Unity
 Known as “opiates” includes drug derived
Equality
from opium and its derivatives.
Respect for law and gov’t
 Is used medically to relieve pain, suppress
Patriotism
cough, reduce movement of the intestine
Promotion of the common good
and induce psychological indifferences.
 Examples are Opium, Phenanthrene
alkaloids, Morphine, Codeine, and Heroine.
DRUG ABUSE AND PREVENTION
3. Stimulants
Drug
 Drugs used to induce alertness, elevate
Is a chemical substance that affects the function of
mood, increase speech, mental and motor
living cells and alters, body, or mind processes
activity, relieve fatigue or boredom, and
when taken into the body or applied through the
decrease appetite.
skin.
 Examples are Amphetamine,
 
Methamphetamine hydrochloride or shabu,
Drug abuse
Ecstacy, Cocaine, Caffeine and Nicotine
Is the overuse or consumption of drugs other than
4. Hallucinogens
for medical reasons
 Known as “psychedelics” a group of natural
It is characterized by taking more than the
or synthetic psycho active drugs that
recommended dose of the prescription drugs.
produce reactions such as perpetual
 
alterations and changes in the state of
Drug dependence
consciousness.
Is characterized by a compulsion to use drug to
 Substance that induces hallucinations.
experience psychological or physical effects
 Lyseric acid diethylamide (LSD), Mescaline,
despite any deterioration in health, work, and or
Psilocybin, Phencyclidine and Marijuana are
social activities.
the examples.
5. Inhalants
 Substances that are not usually considered
drugs but have great potentials for abuse.
  They are inhaled, or sniffed for their  Ecstasy achieves its high by preventing the
psychoactive (Mind/Mood altering) effect brain from reabsorbing the chemical
and to produce a state of intoxications. serotonin, thereby prolonging its effects in
 Examples are rugby, gasoline, kerosene; the body.
paint thinner, solvent, nail polish, cuticle
remover, lighter fluid, aerosol spray, and National and Local Drug Situation
poppers. 1. Drug trafficking or drug trade
 Is a global illicit trade involving the
Common Causes of Drug Abuse cultivation, manufacture, distribution and
1. Unhappy home, parent showing no interest sale of substances which are subject
to their children. to drug prohibition laws.
2. Lack of parental values and guidance. 2. War on Drugs
3. Domestic violence whether verbal or  Is a phrase used to refer to a government-
physical. led initiative that aims to stop illegal drug
4. Parents who make free use of alcohol and use, distribution and trade by dramatically
illegal drugs. increasing prison sentences for
5. Peer pressure or encouragement. both drug dealers and users. 
6. Curiosity or desire to experience. 3. Oplan Tokhang 
7. Escape from physical and mental pain, relief  Involves the police visiting the houses of
from boredom and frustration individuals suspected to be involved in the
8. Desire to escape from harsh realities. illegal drug trade or as users, to persuade
9. Weak personality, low sense of self-esteem them to stop their activities and submit
and self-worth. themselves to authority for potential
10. Feeling of insecurity. rehabilitation.

Dominant Drugs in the Philippines Drug Abuse Preventive Measures

1. METHAMPHETAMINE
HYDROCHLORIDE OR SHABU 1. Understand how substance abuse develops.
 remains to be the most abused drug in the Substance abuse starts by:
country,  Using addictive drugs (illicit or prescribed)
 Causes dependence and may cause an for recreational purposes
increase in heart rate and blood pressure.  Seeking out intoxication every time you use
 Powerful, highly addictive stimulant that abusing prescription medication
affects the central nervous system. Also 2. Avoid Temptation and Peer Pressure.
known as meth, blue, ice, and crystal,  Develop healthy friendships and
among many other terms, it takes the form relationships by avoiding friends or family
of a white, odorless, bitter-tasting crystalline members who pressure you to use
powder that easily dissolves in water or substances.
alcohol. 3. Seek help for mental illness
2. CANNABIS SATIVA OR MARIJUANA    Mental illness and substance abuse often
 Usually being used as smoked or consumed go hand in hand. If you are dealing with a
as a psychoactive (mind-altering) drug. mental illness such as anxiety, depression
 Is also called weed, herb, pot, grass, bud, or post-traumatic stress disorder you should
ganja, Mary Jane, and a vast number of seek professional help from a licensed
other slang terms therapist or counselor.
 is a greenish-gray mixture of the 4. Examine the risk factors
dried flowers of Cannabis sativa.  Look at your family history of mental illness
 Used in smoke marijuana in hand-rolled and addiction, several studies have shown
cigarettes called joints; in pipes, water pipes that this disease tends to run in the family,
or in blunts (marijuana rolled in cigar but can be prevented. The more you are
wraps). It can also be used to brew tea and, aware of your biological, environmental and
particularly when it is sold or consumed for physical risk factors the more likely you are
medicinal purposes. to overcome them.
3. METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE 5. Keep a well-balanced life.
(MDMA) OR ECSTASY.  People often turn to drugs and alcohol when
 A street name for something in their life is missing or not
methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), working. Practicing stress management
best known on the street as "Ecstacy." An skills can help you overcome these life
illicit drug, considered a recreational or party stressors and will help you live a balanced
drug. and healthy life
 It acts as both a stimulant and
a hallucinogen.
 Methods of Drug Administration
Classification of Controlled Substance  1. Injection - drug use in which the drug is injected
1. SCHEDULE I - HIGHEST POTENTIAL directly into a vein and enters the bloodstream to
SUBSTANCE reach the brain. This is the quickest way of
Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are achieving a psycho-active drug effect. The drug
defined as drugs with no currently accepted effect is experienced in less than one minute.
medical use and a highest potential for abuse.  
Some examples of Schedule I drugs are: 2. Inhaled - or breathing a volatile substance such
Heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana as petrol or nitrous oxide (also known as laughing
(cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine gas) is almost as fast as IV drug use, because the
(ecstasy), methaqualone, peyote. gaseous molecules travel easily and quickly
through the cell walls from the lungs into the
 2. SCHEDULE II – HIGH POTENTIAL bloodstream.
SUBSTANCE
Schedule II drugs, substances, or chemicals are 3. Snorting - or sniffing a powdered drug such as
defined as drugs with a high potential for abuse, cocaine or amphetamine (speed) also results in
with use potentially leading to severe psychological rapid drug effect, as the drug is absorbed quickly
or physical dependence. These drugs are also through the mucous membranes inside the nose
considered dangerous. into the bloodstream; the effects can be felt in two
  minutes.
Some examples of Schedule II drugs are:  
Combination products with less than 15 milligrams 4. Smoking - a burnt substance such as cannabis
of hydrocodone per dosage unit (Vicodin), Cocaine, or tobacco also results in a rapid onset of a drug
methamphetamine, methadone, hydromorphone effect. However it is not as fast-acting as volatile
(Dilaudid), meperidine (Demerol), oxycodone substances (e.g. petrol), as the tiny particles in the
(OxyContin) , fentanyl , Dexedrine , Adderall and smoke do not pass from the lungs into the
Ritalin. bloodstream with the ease of inhalants.
 
3. SCHEDULE III – 5. Swallowing - a drug is a relatively slow method
MODERATE POTENTIAL SUBSTANCE of taking a drug. After the drug is swallowed, it is
Schedule III drugs, substances, or chemicals that dissolved in the stomach and then absorbed into
are defined as drugs with a moderate to low the bloodstream from the linings of the stomach
potential for physical and psychological and later, the small intestine. Alcohol produces
dependence. drug effects in five or ten minutes, as it is already in
Some examples of Schedule III drugs are: liquid form and passes from the stomach into the
Products containing less than 90 milligrams of bloodstream. Drugs in tablet form can take over an
codeine per dosage unit (Tylenol with codeine) hour for the onset of the drug effect.
Ketamine, anabolic steroids, testosterone  
6. Rectal use of a drug involves the insertion of the
 4. SCHEDULE IV – LOW POTENTIAL drug into the rectum, where it can dissolve and be
SUBSTANCE absorbed into the bloodstream via the linings of the
rectum. In medical use, drugs are sometimes
Schedule IV drugs, substances, or chemicals are
administered this way to patients who cannot
defined as drugs with a low potential for abuse and
swallow. Recreational use of this type of
low risk of dependence. Some examples of
administration is not widespread. Absorption is
Schedule IV drugs are:
usually relatively slow.
Xanax, Soma, Darvon, Darvocet, Valium , Ativan,
Talwin, Ambien and Tramadol
Long- and Short-Term Effects of Drugs
 
Long Term
5. SCHEDULE V – LOWEST POTENTIAL
1. Depression
SUBSTANCE
2. Anxiety
Schedule V drugs, substances, or chemicals are
3. Panic disorders
defined as drugs with lower potential for abuse than
4. Increased aggression
Schedule IV and consist of preparations containing
5. Paranoia
limited quantities of certain narcotics. Schedule V
6. Hallucinations
drugs are generally used for antidiarrheal,
7. Cardiovascular disease
antitussive, and analgesic purposes.
8. Respiratory problems
Some examples of Schedule V drugs are:
9. Kidney damage
cough preparations with less than 200 milligrams of
10. Liver disease
codeine or per 100 milliliters (Robitussin AC)
11. Overdose
Lomotil, Motofen, Lyrica  and Parepectolin
Short Term The Dangerous Drug Board
1. Changes in appetite - Is the governing body that plans and
2. Sleeplessness or insomnia formulates programs on drug control and
3. Increased heart rate prevention, but it has created the Philippine
4. Slurred speech Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) under
5. Changes in cognitive ability the Office of the President, which will serve
6. A temporary sense of euphoria and rush as the implementing arm of the Dangerous
7. Loss of coordination Drug Board.
8. Increased attention and decreased fatigue
9. Increased activity and wakefulness  
10. Decreased appetite ALCOHOL - a colorless volatile flammable liquid
11. Rapid/irregular heartbeat that is produced by the natural fermentation of
sugars and is the intoxicating constituent of wine,
Role of Youth in Drug Prevention and Detection beer, spirits, and other drinks, and is also used as
1. Don’t be afraid to say NO! an industrial solvent and as fuel.
- Don’t let someone else make decisions for ALCOHOLIC - a person suffering from alcoholism.
you ALCOHOLISM - an addiction to the consumption of
2. Connect with your friends and avoid peer alcoholic liquor or the mental illness and
pressure compulsive behavior resulting from alcohol
- Pay attention to whom you’re hanging out dependency. It is also called as “Alcohol use
with. disorder” AUD.
3. Make connections with your parents or other
adults Why do people drink alcohol?
- The opportunity to benefit from someone 1. Past experiences - Past experiences with
else life experiences can help put things in alcohol help to shape people’s current value
perspective and can be invaluable. and the expectations that they place on
4. Enjoy life and do what you love – don’t add drinking alcohol.
alcohol and drugs 2. Stress - People going through a stressful
- Alcohol and drugs can change who you are, period in their life may value drinking
limit your potentials, and complicate your life alcohol more highly, because it helps to
5. Follow the family rules about alcohol and alleviate their negative feelings
drugs 3. Social norm - Social norms are the
- As you grow up and want to assume more behavioural expectations within a
control over your life, having the trust and community. Alcohol is used at specific
respect of your parents is very important. events and regular times.
6. Get educated about alcohol and drugs 4. Environment - Exposure to alcohol-related
- The ability to make right decisions includes cues increases the craving for alcohol, for
getting educated. example TV programmes, advertisements
at events etc.
RA 9165 5. Accessibility - This is a very simple
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 reason. People drink because alcoholic
The Republic Act No. 6425 or the Dangerous drinks are quite accessible
Drugs Act of 1972 had been the heart and soul of 6. As an Act of Rebellion - Some drink
enforcement in the Philippines in so far as drug law alcohol to be a rebel. They want to defy the
was concerned. However, the drug problem rules and show that they are different from
frighteningly rocketed with the alleged involvement all the others.
of men in uniform collecting drug money. 7. Peer Pressure - Peer pressure is one of the
most prominent reasons for drinking .Being
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo afraid that you might be isolated or
During her term, a new law was reenacted discarded from a group of people and doing
repealing R.A 6425 signed into law on June 7, an activity.
2002 and took effect on July 2, 2002, Republic 8. For Fun - People generally tend to drink
Act 9165, or the Comprehensive Dangerous alcohol in order to have fun.
Drugs Act of 2002, now clearly defines
supplementary actions for anti-drug campaign and
at the same time imposes heavier penalties to
wrong doers. One of the salient features of RA
9165 is the reorganization of the system of drug
law enforcement.
 
Alcoholic Beverages Long Term Effects of Alcohol
Alcoholic beverages - comprise a large group of 1. Mental health issues such as increased risk
beverages that contain varying amounts of alcohol of suicide
(ethanol). Alcoholic beverages produced on an 2. Substance abuse — you may become
industrial scale include beer, wine, and distilled dependent or addicted to alcohol, especially
spirits if you have depression or anxiety, or a
family history of alcohol dependence.
1. WINE 3. Increased risk of diabetes and weight gain
 the alcoholic usually fermented juice of a 4. Impotence and other problems with sexual
plant product (such as a fruit) used as a performance
beverage. 5. Cancers such as stomach cancer, bowel
Tuba (also called Coconut Red Wine) cancer, breast cancer, mouth cancer, throat
Lambanog (Coconut white wine or Coconut Vodka) cancer, esophageal cancer and liver cancer
Basi (Sugar Cane Wine)
Bignay/Bugnay (Wild Berry Wine) SMOKING
Laksoy (Palm Liquor) Tapuy (Rice Wine) the act of inhaling and exhaling the fumes of
burning plant material. A variety of plant materials
2. BEER are smoked, including marijuana and hashish, but
 is an alcoholic beverage or drink made from the act is most commonly associated with tobacco
yeast-fermented malt flavored with hops. as smoked in a cigarette, cigar, or pipe.
 one of the oldest and most widely CIGARETTE
consumed alcoholic drinks in the world. a thin cylinder of finely cut tobacco rolled in paper
Tanduay Ice, Beer Na Beer for smoking. It contains narcotic, herbs, or a
Red Horse Beer medicated substance for smoking.
San Mig Light Beer , San Miguel Pale Pilsen
Colt 45 Beer, Gold Eagle Beer, Manila Beer

3. SPIRIT
 spirit, alcoholic beverage (such as brandy,
whisky, rum, or arrack) that is obtained by
distillation from wine of other fermented fruit
or plant .
- Brandy
- Gin
- Rum
- Tequila
- Vodka,
- and Whiskey
Classification of Smoke
Short Term Effects of Alcohol 1. Mainstream Smoke
1. Feeling of wellbeing, talkative, relaxed and - is a smoke exhaled and inhaled by a
more confident smoker
2. Impaired judgement and movement and 2. Secondhand Smoke
reduced inhibitions - combination of smoke from the burning end
3. Slurred speech, impaired balance, unstable of a cigarette and smoke breathed out by a
emotions smoker.
4. Nausea and vomiting 3. Sidestream Smoke
5. Unable to walk without help, sleepy - A smoke from the lighted end of a cigarette
6. Difficulty breathing 4. Passive Smoke
7. Memory loss - Inhalation of smoke, or environmental
8. Possible loss of consciousness tobacco smoke. It occurs when tobacco
smoke enters an environment causing its
In the short term, drinking too much alcohol can inhalation by people within that
also lead to: environment.
accidental injury (to yourself or others)
being in a road accident
deliberately harming yourself or others
unprotected or unwanted sex
Alcohol poisoning
hangover
Major Health Consequences of Smoking WHAT ARE THE MAIN GOALS OF
1. LUNG CANCER ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
- More people die from lung cancer than any
other type of cancer. Cigarette smoking is - to provide every person with opportunities to
the number one risk factor for lung cancer; acquire the knowledge, values, attitudes,
it's responsible for 87% of lung cancer commitment, and skills needed to protect and
deaths. improve the environment;
- to create new patterns of behavior of individuals,
2. COPD (CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE groups, and society as a whole towards the
PULMONARY DISEASE) environment.
- COPD is an obstructive lung disease
that makes it hard to breathe. It causes 1. AWARENESS
serious long-term disability and early death. - To help the social groups and individuals to
3. HEART DISEASE develop awareness and acquire knowledge of
- Smoking can cause blockages and pollution and environmental degradation.
narrowing in your arteries, which means 2. KNOWLEDGE
less blood and oxygen flow to your heart. - To help social groups and individuals to acquire
4. STROKE knowledge of the environment beyond the
- A stroke happens when the blood supply to immediate environment including distant
your brain is temporarily blocked. Brain cells environment.
are deprived of oxygen and start to die. A 3. ATTITUDE
stroke can cause paralysis, slurred speech, - To help social groups and individuals to acquire a
altered brain function and death. set of values for environmental protection.
5. ASTHMA 4. SKILLS AND CAPACITY BUILDING
- is a chronic lung disease that makes it - To help social groups and individuals to develop
harder to move air in and out of your lungs skills required for making discriminations in form,
—otherwise known as "breathing." Because shape, sound, touch, habits and habitats. Further,
cigarette smoke irritates air passages, it can to develop ability to draw unbiased inferences and
trigger sudden and severe asthma attacks. conclusions.
6. REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS IN WOMEN 5. PARTICIPATION
- Smoking cause ectopic pregnancy in - To provide social groups and individuals with an
women, which is when a fertilized egg opportunity to be actively involved at all levels in
implants somewhere other than the uterus. environmental decision making.
It also causes reduced fertility, meaning it
makes it more difficult to get pregnant. Problems in the Community
7. PREMATURE, LOW BIRTH-WEIGHT BABIES WHAT ARE THE COMMON PROBLEMS IN
- The effects of smoking not only impact YOUR COMMUNITY?
mom's health, but also that of her baby. Personal, environment, race, class, and
Smoking while pregnant can cause babies general?
to be born prematurely and/or with a low
birth-weight. Problems can arise in any part of a community and
8. DIABETES come from any aspect of community life. There's a
- You're more likely to get type 2 diabetes if long list of nominees, and you probably know some
you smoke. The risk of developing type 2 of the main contenders. Can you name the leading
diabetes is 30 to 40% higher for smokers problems in your community? Chances are you can
than non-smokers. at least start the list..
9. BLINDNESS, CATARACTS AND AGE-
RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION 1. Adolescent pregnancy
- Smoking can make you go blind. It 2. Access to clean drinking water
damages your eyes and can result in vision 3. Child abuse and neglect
loss. 4. Crime
10. Cancer 5. Domestic violence
- Basically, all the cancers. For both cancer 6. Drug use
patients and survivors, those who smoke 7. Pollution
are more likely to develop a second primary 8. Mismanagement of resources
cancer. 9. Lack of funding for school and services
Types of Cancer, Including Colon, Cervix, Liver, 10. Violence
Stomach and Pancreatic Cancer. 11. Ethnic conflict
12. Health disparities
13. HIV/AIDS
14. Hunger
15. Inadequate emergency services
16. Transportation
 17. Inequality chemical and oil spills,
18. Lack of affordable housing and illegal dumping, River dump, sewage and
19. Jobs marine dump.
20. Racism and police brutality  
3. Land Pollution
Pollution  is the deterioration or degradation of earth’s
  surfaces or soil.
 is defined as the degradation in quality of  It is the deposition of solid or liquid waste
elements of the environment such as air, materials in the land in a way which can
water, land, etc contaminate the soil and groundwater and
 is making the environment unsafe and even threaten public health.
unsuitable  
 is the addition of any substance or any form  Examples are:
of energy to the environment at a rate faster
Soil erosion, the use of chemical fertilizers and
than it can be dispersed, diluted,
pesticides, deforestation, and overgrazing is one
decomposed, recycled, or stored in some
of the main reasons for soil pollution.   
harmless form.
The 4 Rs of Solid Waste Management
Types of Pollution
1. REFUSE
1. AIR POLLUTION
 We all have the right to make a choice
 is the mixture of solid and other
and refuse wasteful and polluting products.
particles in the air such that the
 The first step towards understanding the
quality of air is decreased
importance of the 4Rs and making a
 can be classified as the indoor air
difference is to refuse. Doing so decreases
pollution and outdoor air pollution.
demand. Subsequently, the manufacturers
 affects the human health and further
and producers have to then think about
leads to other problems.
less wasteful and sustainable
 Air pollutants such as oxides of
alternatives.
Sulphur, nitrogen, ozone, etc., also
2. REDUCE
causes greenhouse effect.
 We all have the right to make a choice and
 
reduce waste. If we really want to reduce
EXAMPLES OF AIR POLLUTION
waste then we should think about how we
Vehicle emissions, fuel oils and natural gas to
can make that happen. If want to use less
heat homes, by-products of manufacturing and
waste then we need to purchase less.
power generation, particularly coal-fueled power
 This requires consumers to be more
plants, and fumes from chemical production are the
mindful when they do make a purchase.
primary sources of human-made air pollution. 
 Therefore, consumers should think about
Ash, soot, sulfur dioxide, ground-level ozone (also
how much they need that particular item.
known as smog), salt spray, volcanic and
3. REUSE
combustion gases, and radon. These pollutants are
 Consider what you can reuse. This
released during volcanic eruptions, forest fires,
essentially means not putting it in the waste
and grass fires.
but using it for another purpose.
 
4. RECYCLE
2. WATER POLLUTION
 Recycling items is the final option and the
 refers to the contamination or
final R as we look at the importance of the
pollution of the water bodies or its
4Rs. Instead of throwing away clothes, you
source, which usually occurs as a
can donate them to charity. Do make sure
result of human activities.
that you sort and clean all items before
 It occurs when harmful substance
recycling to increase the likelihood they
often chemicals or microorganisms
actually do in fact get recycled.
contaminate a water body.
 Process converting waste into reusable
 Water pollution can be classified as
materials.
the ground water pollution and
surface water pollution
 Water pollution affects aquatic as
well as human life.
 
 SAMPLES OF WATER POLLUTION
Wastewater (also called effluent) discharged legally
or illegally by a manufacturer,
oil refinery, or wastewater treatment facility
contamination from leaking septic systems,