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Experiment Lab Report 2

This lab report discusses digital signal processing concepts like system response, convolution, correlation, and filtering. It presents the results of experiments on finding the output of an LTI system using difference equations, calculating cross-correlation and autocorrelation of sequences, and filtering a noisy signal with a moving average filter. Homework problems involve finding the cross-correlation of sequences and observing the autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties of exponential sequences. MATLAB code and plots are provided.

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Mushfiqul Hoque
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46 views

Experiment Lab Report 2

This lab report discusses digital signal processing concepts like system response, convolution, correlation, and filtering. It presents the results of experiments on finding the output of an LTI system using difference equations, calculating cross-correlation and autocorrelation of sequences, and filtering a noisy signal with a moving average filter. Homework problems involve finding the cross-correlation of sequences and observing the autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties of exponential sequences. MATLAB code and plots are provided.

Uploaded by

Mushfiqul Hoque
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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United International University

Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering (EEE)

Fall 2022
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
LABORATORY EEE 3310
Lab Report – 2

Submitted to:
Dr. Khawza Iftekhar Uddin Ahmed

Submitted by:
GROUP 1

Name ID

Joyanta Debnath 021 182 032

Ranjan Kumer Sarker 021 191 027

Shakib Hasan 021 201 054

Mushfiqul Hoque 021 201 103

Date of Performance: 29th October 2022


Date of Submission: 5th November 2022
Lab Report - 2
System Response, Convolution and Correlation

Introduction: From this lab session-02 we understand how to solve difference equation system
response using filter function. We also know how to solve the convolution and correlation of
the given equation. We also learn about cross correlation and autocorrelation.

Theoretical Background: To understand the system response of any LTI system and the
relation between the input and the output of the system. To find the correlation of the different
output signals.

In Lab Evaluation:
1. A difference equation is given as, y(n)-0.3y(n-2)=0.2x(n) . Find y(n) for an input
x(n) =u(n)-u(n-3)

Code:
b=[0.2];
a=[1,-0.3];
n=[-5:10];
x=u(0,-5,10)-u(3,-5,10);
y=filter(b,a,x);
stem(n,y);
title('Output sequence');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('y(n)');
axis([-5,10,-0.1,0.35])

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2. Two sequences are given by, x(n) = [1 2 3] y(n) = [4 5 6]
(a) Find their crosscorrelation using xcorr function
(b) Find their crosscorrelation using conv function
(c) Find the correlation coefficient

Code:
x = [1 2 3];
nx = [1:3];
y = [4 5 6];
ny = [1:3];
rxy1=xcorr(x,y);
rxy1=rxy1/max(rxy1);
ny1 = -fliplr(ny);
nxy = [(nx(1) + ny1(1)):(nx(end) + ny1(end))];
[rxy2,nxy] = conv_m(x,nx,y,ny);
rxy2=rxy2/max(rxy2);
Xm=x-mean(x);
Ym=y-mean(y);
rxy3 = sum(Xm.*Ym)/sqrt(sum(Xm.^2)*sum(Ym.^2));
disp('The correlation coefficient is:');
disp(rxy3)
subplot(2,1,1);

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stem(nxy,rxy)
title('using xcorr function');
subplot(2,1,2);
stem(nxy,rxy2);
title('using conv function');

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Homework:
1. Invoke the following MATLAB commands and plot the result (y versus ny) x1 =
[0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]; nx1 = [-3:3]; x2 = [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1]; nx2 = [-3:2]; Find the
crosscorrelation of x1 and x2 .

Code:

x1 = [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1];
nx1 = [-3:3];
x2 = [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1];
nx2 = [-3:2];
[y1,ny1] = sigfold(x2,nx2);
[rxy1,nxy1] = conv_m(x1,nx1,y1,ny1);
subplot(2, 1, 1);
stem(nxy1,rxy1/max(rxy1))
[y2,ny2] = sigfold(x1,nx1);
[rxy2,nxy2] = conv_m(x2,nx2,y2,ny2);
subplot(2, 1, 2);
stem(nxy2,rxy2/max(rxy2))
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2. Determine the autocorrelation sequence and crosscorrelation sequence for the
following sequences. y(n) (0.8) , 20 n 0 x(n) (0.9) , 0 n 20 n n
What is your observation ?

Code:
nx = [ 0:20 ];
x = (0.9).^nx;

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ny = [-20:0 ];
y = (0.8).^ny;
[y,ny] = sigfold(y,ny);
[rxy,nxy] = conv_m(x,nx,y,ny);
subplot(2,1,1);
stem(nxy,rxy/max(rxy))
title('Crosscorrelation Sequence')
nx = [ 0:20 ]; x = (0.9).^nx;
[x1,nx1] = sigfold(x,nx);
[rxx1,nxx1] = conv_m(x,nx,x1,nx1);
subplot(2,1,2);
stem(nxx1,rxx1/max(rxx1))
title('Autocorrelation Sequence')

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3. Consider a 20 point moving average filter
(a) Generate 200 samples of a 1 Hz sine wave sampled at 40 Hz.
(b) Add some noise to generate a noisy signal.
(c) Filter the noisy signal through the 20 point MA filter.]
(d) (d) Plot each signal to display the effects of noise and smoothing.

Code:

a = [1];
b = [1/200 1/200 1/200];
n = [0:20];
xn = (2*pi*200*(1/40));
[xn1, n1] = sigshift(xn, n, 1);
[xn2, n2] = sigshift(xn, n, 199);
[xn3, n3] = sigadd(xn, n, xn1, n1);
[xn4, n4] = sigadd(xn2, n2, xn3, n3);
xn5 = xn4+(0.3.*randn(size(n4)));
w = filter(b,a,xn5);
stem(n4,xn5);
title('Noisy Signal.');
xlabel('n');ylabel('x(n1)');

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Statement: I Have contributed and given my full support in completing this report.

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