11/30/2018 HW2

HW2
Due: 11:59pm on Monday, September 24, 2018
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy

Exercise 22.2

A flat sheet is in the shape of a rectangle with sides of lengths 0.400 m and 0.600 m. The sheet is immersed in a uniform
electric field of magnitude 60.0 N/C that is directed at 20∘ from the plane of the sheet .

Part A
Find the magnitude of the electric flux through the sheet.
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.

ANSWER:

Φ =

Exercise 22.4

It was shown in Example 21.11 (Section 21.5) in the textbook that the electric field due to an infinite line of charge is
perpendicular to the line and has magnitude E = λ/2πϵ0 r. Consider an imaginary cylinder with a radius of r = 0.130 m and a
length of l = 0.430 m that has an infinite line of positive charge running along its axis. The charge per unit length on the line is λ
= 7.20 μC/m .

Part A
What is the electric flux through the cylinder due to this infinite line of charge?
ANSWER:

Φ = 2
N ⋅ m /C

Part B
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What is the flux through the cylinder if its radius is increased to r = 0.505 m ?
ANSWER:

Φ = 2
N ⋅ m /C

Part C
What is the flux through the cylinder if its length is increased to l = 0.810 m ?
ANSWER:

Φ = 2
N ⋅ m /C

Exercise 22.9

A charged paint is spread in a very thin uniform layer over the surface of a plastic sphere of diameter 18.0 cm , giving it a charge
of -49.0 μC .

Part A
Find the electric field just inside the paint layer.
Express your answer with the appropriate units. Enter positive value if the field is directed away from the center of
the sphere and negative value if the field is directed toward the center of the sphere.

ANSWER:

E =

Part B
Find the electric field just outside the paint layer.
Express your answer with the appropriate units. Enter positive value if the field is directed away from the center of
the sphere and negative value if the field is directed toward the center of the sphere.
ANSWER:

E =

Part C
Find the electric field 5.00 cm outside the surface of the paint layer.
Express your answer with the appropriate units. Enter positive value if the field is directed away from the center of
the sphere and negative value if the field is directed toward the center of the sphere.
ANSWER:

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E =

Gauss's Law

Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning of the variables in Gauss's law, and the conditions under which the law is applicable.
Gauss's law is usually written

⃗  qencl
⃗ 
Φ E = ∮ E ⋅ dA = ,
ϵ0
2
where ϵ0 = 8.85 × 10
−12 2
C /(N ⋅ m ) is the permittivity of vacuum.

Part A
How should the integral in Gauss's law be evaluated?
ANSWER:

around the perimeter of a closed loop

over the surface bounded by a closed loop

over a closed surface

Part B Complete previous part(s) Instructors: View all hidden parts

Exercise 22.12

The nuclei of large atoms, such as uranium, with 92 protons, can be modeled as spherically symmetric spheres of charge. The
radius of the uranium nucleus is approximately 7.4 × 10 −15 m .

Part A
What is the electric field this nucleus produces just outside its surface?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

E = N/C

Part B

What magnitude of electric field does it produce at the distance of the electrons, which is about 1.9×10−10 m ?

Express your answer using two significant figures.

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ANSWER:

E = N/C

Part C
The electrons can be modeled as forming a uniform shell of negative charge. What net electric field do they produce at the
location of the nucleus?

Express your answer using two significant figures.

Enet = N/C

A Charged Sphere with a Cavity

An insulating sphere of radius a, centered at the origin, has a uniform volume charge density ρ.

Part A

Find the electric field E⃗ (r )

Express your answer in terms of r ,⃗  ρ (Greek letter rho), and ϵ0 .

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

⃗ 
⃗ 
E (r ) =

Part B Complete previous part(s) Instructors: View all hidden parts

± The Charge on a Thundercloud

In a thunderstorm, charge builds up on the water droplets or ice crystals in a cloud. Thus, the charge can be considered to be
distributed uniformly throughout the cloud. For the purposes of this problem, take the cloud to be a sphere of diameter 1.00
kilometer. The point of this problem is to estimate the maximum amount of charge that this cloud can contain, assuming that the
charge builds up until the electric field at the surface of the cloud reaches the value at which the surrounding air breaks down.
This breakdown means that the air becomes highly ionized, enabling it to conduct the charge from the cloud to the ground or
another nearby cloud. The ionized air will then emit light due to the recombination of the electrons and atoms to form excited
molecules that radiate light. In addition, the large current will heat up the air, resulting in its rapid expansion. These two
phenomena account for the appearance of lightning and the sound of thunder. Take the breakdown electric field of air to be
N/C.
6
Eb = 3.00 × 10

Part A
Estimate the total charge q on the cloud when the breakdown of the surrounding air is reached.

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2
Express your answer numerically, to three significant figures, using ϵ0 = 8.85 × 10
−12 2
C /(N ⋅ m ) .

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

q = Coulombs

Charge Distribution on a Conducting Shell - 2

A positive charge is kept (fixed) off-center inside a fixed spherical conducting shell that is electrically neutral, and the charges in
the shell are allowed to reach electrostatic equilibrium.

Part A
The large positive charge inside the shell is roughly 16 times that of the smaller charges shown on the inner and outer
surfaces of the spherical shell. Which of the following figures best represents the charge distribution on the inner and outer
walls of the shell?

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

Charge Distribution on a Conducting Shell - 1

A positive charge is kept (fixed) at the center inside a fixed spherical neutral conducting shell.

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11/30/2018 HW2

Part A
The positive charge is equal to roughly 16 of the smaller charges shown on the surfaces of the spherical shell. Which of the
pictures best represents the charge distribution on the inner and outer walls of the shell?

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

Conceptual Question 22.01

Part A
If the electric flux through a closed surface is zero, the electric field at points on that surface must be zero.
ANSWER:

True

False

Conceptual Question 22.02

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Part A
The figure shows four Gaussian surfaces surrounding a distribtuion of charges.

(a) Which Gaussian surfaces have an electric flux of +q/ϵ0 through them?

ANSWER:

Part B
(b) Which Gaussian surfaces have no electric flux through them?
ANSWER:

Conceptual Question 22.04

Part A
Consider a spherical Gaussian surface of radius R centered at the origin. A charge Q is placed inside the sphere. To
maximize the magnitude of the flux of the electric field through the Gaussian surface, the charge should be located

ANSWER:

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at x = 0, y = R/2, z = 0.

at x = R/2, y = 0, z = 0.

at x = 0, y = 0, z = R/2.

at the origin.

The charge can be located anywhere, since flux does not depend on the position of the charge as long as it is
inside the sphere.

Conceptual Question 22.09

Part A
An uncharged conductor has a hollow cavity inside of it. Within this cavity there is a charge of +10µC that does not touch the
conductor. There are no other charges in the vicinity. Which statement about this conductor is true? (There may be more
than one correct choice.)
ANSWER:

The inner surface of the conductor carries a charge of -10µC and its outer surface carries no excess charge.

The inner and outer surfaces of the conductor each contain charges of -5µC.

The net electric field within the material of the conductor points away from the +10µC charge.

The outer surface of the conductor contains +10µC of charge and the inner surface contains -10µC.

Both surfaces of the conductor carry no excess charge because the conductor is uncharged.

Conceptual Question 22.08

Part A
A charge Q is uniformly spread over one surface of a very large nonconducting square elastic sheet having sides of length
d. At a point P that is 1.25 cm outside the sheet, the magnitude of the electric field due to the sheet is E . If the sheet is now

stretched so that its sides have length 2d, what is the magnitude of the electric field at P ?
ANSWER:

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11/30/2018 HW2

4E

E /2

E /4

2E

Prelecture Concept Question 22.06

Part A
Five point charges q and four Gaussian surfaces S are shown in the figure. What is the total electric flux through surface
S2?

ANSWER:

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zero

3q/εo

5q/εo

q/εo

2q/εo

4q/εo

Prelecture Concept Question 22.05

Part A
Five point charges q and four Gaussian surfaces S are represented in the figure shown. Through which of the Gaussian
surfaces are the total electric flux zero?

Check all that apply.

ANSWER:

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S2

S3

S4

S1

The total electric flux is not zero through any of the Gaussian surfaces.

Problem 22.16

Part A
Electric charge is uniformly distributed inside a nonconducting sphere of radius 0.30 m. The electric field at a point P , which
is 0.50 m from the center of the sphere, is 15,000 N/C and is directed radially outward. What is the maximum magnitude of
the electric field due to this sphere?
ANSWER:

36,000 N/C

42,000 N/C

48,000 N/C

30,000 N/C

25,000 N/C

Problem 22.23

Part A
A huge (essentially infinite) horizontal nonconducting sheet 10.0 cm thick has charge uniformly spread over both faces. The
upper face carries +95.0 nC/m2 while the lower face carries -25.0 nC/ m2. What is the magnitude of the electric field at a
point within the sheet 2.00 cm below the upper face? (ε0 = 8.85 × 10-12 C2/N · m2)
ANSWER:

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0.00 N/C

1.36 × 104 N/C

7.91 × 103 N/C

3.95 × 103 N/C

6.78 × 103 N/C

Problem 22.22

Part A

A very large sheet of a conductor carries a uniform charge density of 4.00 pC/mm2 on its surfaces. What is the electric field
strength 3.00 mm outside the surface of the conductor? (ε0 = 8.85 × 10-12 C2/N · m2)
ANSWER:

9.04 × 105 N/C

4.52 × 105 N/C

2.26 × 105 N/C

0.226 N/C

0.452 N/C

Problem 22.38

A long line carrying a uniform linear charge density +50.0 μC/m runs parallel to and 10.0 cm from the surface of a large, flat
plastic sheet that has a uniform surface charge density of −100 μC/m2 on one side.

Part A
Find the location of all points where an α particle would feel no force due to this arrangement of charged objects.
ANSWER:

L = m from the line.

Part B
Choose an appropriate location of these points at a distance, calculated in part A.

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11/30/2018 HW2
ANSWER:

above the line

between the line and the sheet

Score Summary:
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