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Magnesium Salts Comparison

Magnesium citrate and magnesium gluconate have higher bioavailability than other magnesium salts like magnesium oxide based on their solubility and absorption rates. Studies show that magnesium citrate has a 30% oral absorption rate and magnesium gluconate has a 20% absorption rate, both higher than magnesium oxide. Daily supplementation with magnesium citrate for 60 days also leads to superior bioavailability compared to magnesium glycinate and magnesium oxide. Therefore, magnesium citrate and magnesium gluconate are recommended for therapeutic and supplement purposes due to their higher bioavailability.

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90 views

Magnesium Salts Comparison

Magnesium citrate and magnesium gluconate have higher bioavailability than other magnesium salts like magnesium oxide based on their solubility and absorption rates. Studies show that magnesium citrate has a 30% oral absorption rate and magnesium gluconate has a 20% absorption rate, both higher than magnesium oxide. Daily supplementation with magnesium citrate for 60 days also leads to superior bioavailability compared to magnesium glycinate and magnesium oxide. Therefore, magnesium citrate and magnesium gluconate are recommended for therapeutic and supplement purposes due to their higher bioavailability.

Uploaded by

Sanjay Navale
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Magnesium Salt comparison

Mg absorption and bioavailability depend on a variety of factors, including the Mg salt form.
The water solubility of a Magnesium salt is of importance for the bioavailability. The studies
demonstrate that organic salts of Mg (Mg-citrate, Gluconate) have a higher solubility than
inorganic salts (e.g. Magnesium oxide). [1]
Comparative data [2]
Magnesium salts Carbonate Chloride Citrate Fumarate Gluconate Glycinate
Solubility in water Nearly High Very good Good Moderate Good
insoluble
Bioavailability Extremely low Good Very good Good Very good Good
Oral absorption % 20% 30% 20% 23%
Side effects Gl distress, Gl distress, Laxative Gl distress,
diarrhea diarrhea effect diarrhea

Daily supplementation with Mg citrate shows superior bioavailability after 60 days of


treatment when compared with amino-acid chelate (Mag-glycinate) and Magnesium oxide.
[1,4]
Other study showed that Mg organic salts are better sources of Mg than Mg inorganic salts,
and suggest that Mg gluconate is the best source of Mg because it exhibited the highest Mg
absorption (66.5%) and Mg retention (48.7%) values in the ten studied salts (oxide, chloride,
sulphate, carbonate, acetate, pidolate, citrate, gluconate, lactate or aspartate). [3,5]

Therefore, the available data suggest that Mg-citrate and Mg-gluconate have higher
bioavailability are the most appropriate preparation for therapeutic and supplementing
purposes.

References
1. Ragnar Rylander. (2014). Bioavailability of Magnesium Salts – A Review. Journal of
Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 4(1), 57–59. https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-
5951.2014.04.01.8
2. Ranade VV, Somberg JC. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of magnesium after
administration of magnesium salts to humans. Am J Ther. 2001;8(5):345-357.
doi:10.1097/00045391-200109000-00008
3. Coudray C, Rambeau M, Feillet-Coudray C, et al. Study of magnesium bioavailability from
ten organic and inorganic Mg salts in Mg-depleted rats using a stable isotope
approach. Magnes Res. 2005;18(4):215-223.
4. Walker AF, Marakis G, Christie S, Byng M. Mg citrate found more bioavailable than other
Mg preparations in a randomised, double-blind study. Magnes Res. 2003;16(3):183-191.
5. Schuchardt JP, Hahn A. Intestinal Absorption and Factors Influencing Bioavailability of
Magnesium-An Update. Curr Nutr Food Sci. 2017;13(4):260-278.
doi:10.2174/1573401313666170427162740

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