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Trait Theory of Personality

The document discusses Raymond Cattell's theory of personality, which views personality as predictive of behavior in different situations. It summarizes Cattell's view that personality is determined by both traits, which are relatively permanent tendencies to respond consistently, as well as dynamic factors. The document also outlines Cattell's categorization of traits into common traits, unique traits, surface traits, source traits, ability traits, temperament traits, and dynamic traits. It discusses the relationship between traits and attitudes/sentiments, and how personality is determined by both nature and nurture factors.

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rachelle anne meralles
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52 views30 pages

Trait Theory of Personality

The document discusses Raymond Cattell's theory of personality, which views personality as predictive of behavior in different situations. It summarizes Cattell's view that personality is determined by both traits, which are relatively permanent tendencies to respond consistently, as well as dynamic factors. The document also outlines Cattell's categorization of traits into common traits, unique traits, surface traits, source traits, ability traits, temperament traits, and dynamic traits. It discusses the relationship between traits and attitudes/sentiments, and how personality is determined by both nature and nurture factors.

Uploaded by

rachelle anne meralles
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Views personality as a predictor of what a person will do in a given situation

Response is a function of the


Personality structure and the stimuli R =f (S, P )
Less well-known factor that
Predetermined needs to be further studied
by experiments

Traits assist us in understanding the structure and function of personality.


These are relatively permanent and
pervasive tendencies to respond
with consistency from one situation
to another and from one time to
another.
1

Common Traits Unique Traits

Traits that possessed by Traits that shared by few


everyone in varying or no other people
degrees
2

Surface Traits Source Traits


Basic, underlying structures A set of behavioral
which represent the unitary characteristics that all seem to
factors that ultimately determine ‘hang’ together. Do not have a
the consistencies in each person’s unitary basis and are not
observed behavior. consistent over time and hence,
they are not given much value for
behavioral accountability
3

Ability Traits Temperament Dynamic Traits


Traits

Determine the person’s Relate to emotional and These are traits that
skill in pursuing a stylistic qualities of activate and direct the
desired goal behavior person toward particular
goal
ATTITUDES
Dynamic source traits
display specific
ERGS manifestations of
o Hunger underlying motives.
o Gregariousness o Id
o Sex o Ego strength
o Curiosity o Superego
o Pugnacity o Physiological
o Escape component
o Self-assertion o conflict
o Parental
Protectiveness
o Narcissistic Sex SENTIMENTS
o Acquisitiveness Environmental mold
dynamic source trait which
focuses on the social
object.
“subgoals on the way to
the final ergic goals”.
(From Cattell, 1 964, p. 1 87.)
4

Determined by
Determined by Constitutional Environmental- nurture that is by
nature or biology Traits mold Traits experience gained in
interaction with the
environment
Q-Data T-Data L-Data
Questionnaire Objective Test Life Record Data
Data Data
Self-rating -The creation of -Actual records of
questionnaire special situations the person’s
in which the behavior in
-Asking people person’s behavior society
to describe may be
themselves in objectively
response to a set scored
of standard
questions
Heredity vs. Birth Order
Environment

Learning
Parental
Behaviors
In the 1940s, Raymond Cattell proposed a theory of intelligence that divided general
intelligence into two components:

Crystallized intelligence is Fluid intelligence encompasses the ability to see


characterized as acquired knowledge complex relationships and solve problems. Fluid
and the ability to retrieve it. When intelligence helps you tackle complex, abstract
you learn, remember, and recall challenges in your daily life, whereas crystallized
information, you are using crystallized intelligence helps you overcome concrete,
intelligence. straightforward problems (Cattell, 1963;
Introduction to Psychology, n.d.

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