Disaster Readiness and

Risk Reduction
Quarter 3 – MELC 9:
Hazard and Its Types
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here
to help you master the Disaster Readiness and Risks Reduction on
the topic Hazard and Its Types. It contains different information about hazard and
comprises of various samples.. The scope of this module permits it to be used in
many different learning situations specifically in dealing various hazards. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the module you are now using.

The module focused on the concept of hazard and its types.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define and cite examples of the types of hazards

2. observe proper precautions signs and symbols in hazard areas; and
3. appreciate the importance of observing precautionary measures
 Lesson

1 Hazard and Its Types

This lesson introduces various concepts underlying hazard and determine types of
hazard and its example. In the varied information given in this module it will help
students understand the major effects of hazards and how to prevent and avoid that
to happen. It will also serve as a warning signal for the students to be aware and
extra cautious.
Activity 1: Let’s Study and Analyze: Volcano and Parachutist

Let’s Think About This

Based on the illustration, answer
the following tasks/questions
below:

1. What are the possible

dangers that can be encountered
here? Is it life threatening?
2. What do you think should be
a better situation for the person
jumping from the plane or should
we say the parachutist?
3. How do feel if you are in the
same situation?
Source: Richard J. King,
hazard_risk_cartoon_456.jpg., 2012,
https://d32ogoqmya1dw8.cloudfront.net
/images

Let’s Learn
After identifying hazards in the previous activity, this part gives information about
the types of hazard and its example.

Hazards can be categorized in different types:

1. Natural hazards - arise from natural processes in the environment.
e.g. earthquakes, tsunami, landslides, volcanic eruptions and floods
2. Quasi-natural hazards- arise through the interaction of natural processes and
human activities
e.g. pollution or desertification, smog and fog

3. Technological (or man-made) hazards- These arise directly as a result of

human activities.
e.g. accidental release of chemicals, toxic and pesticides to floral and fauna

Hazards Signs and Symbols

These signs and symbols with corresponding meaning below help people to be extra
cautious, aware and observant in surroundings.

Each picture is designed to become recognizable to anyone as a signal word like

“danger” or “warning”.

Technology or Man Made Hazards Signs and Symbols

• FLAME

- Flammable

- Self-heating

- Emits Flammable Gas

- Pyrophoric

Source: Safety Symbols and Their

Meanings, February 1, 2018,
https://www.dcmgroup.ca/en/news/saf ety-symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
 • HEALTH HAZARD

- Reproductive toxicity
- Respiratory sensitizer
- Target organ toxicity
- Aspiration toxicity

Source: Safety Symbols and Their

Meanings, February 1, 2018,
https://www.dcmgroup.ca/en/news/saf
ety-symbols-and-their-meanings-2/

• EXPLODING BOMB

- Explosives
- Self-reactives

- Organic Peroxides

Source: Safety Symbols and Their

Meanings,February 1, 2018,
https://www.dcmgroup.ca/en/news/saf
ety-symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
• SKULL AND CROSSBONES

- Fatal or toxic

- Acute toxicity

Source: Safety Symbols and Their

Meanings, February 1, 2018,
https://www.dcmgroup.ca/en/news/saf
ety- symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
Natural Hazards Signs and Symbols

Source: Much Mania, Natural Disaster Warning Signs, Caution, Danger, Hazard Symbol Set, 2003-2020,
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/natural-disaster-warning-signs-caution-danger-302759177
Quasi-Natural Signs and Symbols
• ENVIRONMENT

- Aquatic toxicity

Source: Safety Symbols and Their

Meanings, February 1, 2018,
https://www.dcmgroup.ca/en/news/saf
ety- symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
 - Air toxicity

Source: Wamsler, Smog warning sign,

grungy style, vector illustration,
www.google.com.,
https://www.123rf.com/photo_3731285
3_stock-vector-smog-warning-sign-
grungy- style-vector-illustration.html

Activity 1.1 Arrange Me!

Choose the right example of types of hazards below and write it on the
corresponding table.

Natural Hazards Quasi-Natural Hazards Technological Or

Manmade Hazards

avalanche volcanic eruptions hurricanes

oil spill biological attacks landslides
mining explosions polluting ground water droughts
wild fires or bush fires dam failures fires
transportation accidents storm surge earthquake
train accident plane crashes tornadoes
falling objects typhoon floods
air pollution water pollution acid rain
global warming desertification smog
lightning sandstorm epidemic in human
plants and animals

Activity 1.2 Match Me!

A. See the following pictures below and give the sign and symbol and its description

1.

Source: Much Mania, Natural Disaster Warning Signs,

Caution, Danger, Hazard Symbol Set, 2003-2020,
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/naturaldisaster-warning-signs-caution-danger-
302759177

2.
Source: Wamsler, smog warning sign, grungy style, vector illustration,
www.google.com,
https://www.123rf.com/photo_37312853_stockvector-smog-
warning-sign-grungy-style-vectorillustration.html

3. Source: Much Mania, Natural Disaster Warning Signs,

Caution, Danger, Hazard Symbol Set, 2003-2020,
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/naturaldisaster-
warning-signs-caution-danger-302759177
4.

Source: Safety Symbols and Their Meanings, February 1, 2018,

https://www.dcmgroup.ca/en/news/safetysymbols-and-their-
meanings-2/

5.

Source: Safety Symbols and Their Meanings, February

1symbols, 2018, -https://www.dcmgroup.ca/en/news/safetyand-their-meanings-2/ -

B. Answer the following questions.

1. Have you seen the following signs before? If not what signs are presents in your
area?

2. Have you encountered people who failed to comply with the hazards signs and
symbols?

3. What did you feel upon observing it?

4. Do you think it is important to know this precautionary signs? Why?

What I Have Learned

Complete Me!

Complete the following sentences by giving the appropriate answer needed in the
blank.
 Hazard is __________________________. It becomes hazard when
__________________________. The different types of hazards are
__________________________, __________________________, __________________________.
We can minimize the effects of hazards through __________________________.

What I Can Do

A. Let’s Pretend!

Based on the world risk index The Philippines is considered as the third most prone
to hazard country in the world, having more than 20 tropical cyclones in a year,
earthquakes, and more than 20 active volcanoes found all over the country. Let’s say
that you represent your school as a disaster advocate, what are the things that you
can contribute to possibly minimize the risks of disaster in your home and school?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

B. Let’s Try This: Significant interview

Conduct an interview among your family members about the hazards they
encounter in the following settings. Then classify them according to types of
hazards.

1. At home (When they were young)

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. In barangay/ town/ province

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. In workplace
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
References

E-book
K. Hewitt and I. Burton, The Hazardousness of a Place: A Regional Ecology of
Damage Events, University of Toronto, 1971,
https://www.abebooks.com/servelet/BookDetailsPL?bi=22573648538

Eric Gislason, Types of Hazards National Association of Safety Professionals, accessed

December 26, 2018, https://naspweb.com/types-of-hazards/

Difference between Natural and Man Made Disaster, accessed June 23, 2016,
https://pediaa.com/difference-between-natural-and-man-made-disaster/

Caution and Warning: Natural disaster,

https://www.shutterstock.com/imagevector/natural-disaster-warning-signs-
caution-danger-302759177

Website

Richard J. King, hazard_risk_cartoon_456.jpg., 2012,

https://d32ogoqmya1dw8.cloudfront.net/images

Danger in the kitchen, www.google.com, October 2019,

https://www.twinkl.co.uk/resource/cfe-h-011-dangers-in-the-kitchen-
activitysheet

Slip, Trip and Fall Hazards, www.youtube.com, March 9, 2015,

https://youtu.be/ChQ8aoeHoEQ?t=146

Sun Star Davao, June 2, 2020, https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1801175

Safety Symbols and Their Meanings, Retrieved February 1, 2018,

https://www.dcmgroup.ca/en/news/safety-symbols-and-their-meanings-2/

Much Mania, Natural Disaster Warning Signs, Caution, Danger, Hazard Symbol Set,
2003-2020, https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/natural-
disasterwarning-signs-caution-danger-302759177

Wamsler, Smog warning sign, grungy style, vector illustration, www.google.com,

https://www.123rf.com/photo_37312853_stock-vector-smog-warning-
signgrungy-style-vector-illustration.html

Shubert Ciencia, Cleanup in Barangay La Paz, Nueva Valencia, Guimaras, licensed

under CC BY 2.0