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The document summarizes research on using rice water as fertilizer for lettuce plants. It discusses two studies that analyzed the nutrient content of rice water and found it contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients beneficial for plant growth. The studies also showed rice water increased the growth of vegetables like lettuce when used for watering. However, more scientific research is still needed to fully understand the benefits of using rice water as fertilizer. The document concludes rice water has potential as an environmentally friendly organic fertilizer due to its nutrient content.

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Christian Dean
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1K views

RRL Group1

The document summarizes research on using rice water as fertilizer for lettuce plants. It discusses two studies that analyzed the nutrient content of rice water and found it contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients beneficial for plant growth. The studies also showed rice water increased the growth of vegetables like lettuce when used for watering. However, more scientific research is still needed to fully understand the benefits of using rice water as fertilizer. The document concludes rice water has potential as an environmentally friendly organic fertilizer due to its nutrient content.

Uploaded by

Christian Dean
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic: "Experimental study in using rice water as fertilizer for the plant lettuce (Lactuca

sativa)"

(thematic, outline, sub-topics, summarize and extract summaries with reference citation)
Each paragraph starts with a topic sentence that serves as the transition

Themes and outline:


1. Rice water (Theme 1)
Sub themes:
1.1 Asian countries' tendency to use rice water as fertilizer (Depano)
1.2 Washed Rice Water as a Plant Nutrient Source (Depano)
1.3 Washed Rice Water Nutrient Contents (Añola)
1.4 Washed Rice Water Benefits in Plants (Añola)
2. Fertilizer (Theme 2)
Sub themes:
2.1 Meaning (Bangayan)
2.2 Benefits (Bangayan)
2.3 Importance of fertilizer (Apas)
2.4
3. Lettuce (Theme 3)
Benver C. Depano Jr.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the relevant literature and studies that the researcher
considered in strengthening the importance of the present study.

Rice water

Nabayi et al. (2021) state that WRW (wastewater from washed rice water) has been
recommended as a source of plant nutrients in most Asian countries despite its recent
research subject's lack of scientific rigor. Regardless, the premise favoring its continued use as
liquid plant fertilizer and irrigation is still widely held in Asian countries. For instance, in
Indonesia, the community of Polo Geulis in Central Bogor follows a central water-saving system
that collects WRW from village residents, after which it will be utilized to irrigate and enrich
their nearby herb and vegetable crops and vegetables. As over half of the world's population eats
rice, the second most widely farmed cereal, significant amounts of rice water are produced.
Owing to the fact that rice is the primary food throughout Asia and the Pacific. The Asia-Pacific
region produces and consumes more than 90% of the world's rice Papademetriou (2000).

By analyzing the macro- and micronutrients in liquid rice water, Nabayi et al. investigated
its chemical and biological properties and determined whether it could be used as a plant
fertilizer or to improve the soil's health. It has been established that this rice-related
wastewater contains many crucial plant nutrients. Before cooking, milled rice is typically washed
to remove the bran, dust, and debris. Washing rice can significantly lower the number of water-
soluble nutrients it contains, yet most of the time the rice water is just dumped into the
environment. According to Nabayi et al., rice water contains essential components that promote
plant growth and development. Additionally, fermentation and the proportion of rice to water
were the two most significant factors affecting the rice water’s nutritional levels.

Reference: Nabayi, A.; Sung, C.T.B.; Zuan, A.T.K.; Paing, T.N.; Akhir, N.I.M. Chemical and Microbial
Characterization of Washed Rice Water Waste to Assess Its Potential as Plant Fertilizer and for
Increasing Soil Health. Agronomy 2021, 11, 2391. https://doi.org/10.339

Papademetriou, M.K., Rice production in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues and perspectives. In
‘Bridging the Rice Yield Gap in the Asia-Pacific Region’. FAO, UN, Bangkok, Thailand. RAP
Publication 2000/16. 2000.
Alyssa Noreen N. Añola

According to Nabayi et al. (2021), It is often claimed, but without strong scientific evidence,
that washed rice water waste is a beneficial plant fertilizer and soil amendment. This
discarded wastewater is known as irrigated rice water (WRW). It contains several essential plant
nutrients, including Nitrogen, Nitrate nitrogen, Ammonium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium,
Magnesium, and Sulfur. Furthermore, several studies have shown that watering plants with
WRW increased vegetables' height, stem diameter, and yield. Such as Water Spinach, Bok Choy,
Lettuce, Mustard, Tomato, and Eggplant growth. Rice contains a lot of minerals, vitamins, and
antioxidants. When we wash rice grain, almost half of the nutrients in the water are gone due to
leaching. That is, rice has transformed water into a nutrient-rich liquid. As a result, various
Botanists and Gardeners use it for plants. The nutrients in this white liquid function as plant
food.

Nabayi et al. reported that scientifically rigorous studies to determine the benefits of
reusing WRW for agriculture are severely lacking. Nabayi et al. discovered only 41 papers on
WRW studies, with only 10% of them published in citation index journals. Only about 3% of the
citation index journals dealt with microbes. As a result, the benefits of WRW remain
inconclusive. Nonetheless, advocacy for its reuse for irrigation and liquid plant fertilizer remains
widespread, particularly in Asia. Rice water can be used to water plants because it contains
enough (NPK) fertilizer and minerals for plants to use while promoting a healthy bacterial
population. This results in healthy plant growth. It can also be applied and, when fermented, can
deter pests. The use of this liquid prevents the waste of nutrients and water. It is an
environmentally friendly approach that can aid in the rapid development of organic farming.

Reference: Nabayi, A.; Sung, C.T.B.; Zuan, A.T.K.; Paing, T.N.; Akhir, N.I.M. Chemical and
Microbial Characterization of Washed Rice Water Waste to Assess Its Potential as Plant
Fertilizer and for Increasing Soil Health. Agronomy 2021, 11, 2391. https://doi.org/10.339

Nabayi, A., Sung, C. T. B., Zuan, A. T. K., & Paing, T. N. (2021, December 4). Fermentation of
Washed Rice Water Increases Beneficial Plant Bacterial Population and Nutrient Concentrations.
Sustainability, 13(23), 13437. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313437

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