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Integers

This document discusses integers. Integers are numbers that are positive, negative, or zero. Positive numbers are greater than zero, while negative numbers are less than zero. Integers can be represented on a number line. The number line shows that every integer has an opposite number except zero. Integers can be compared using their position on a number line, with integers to the right or above being greater than those to the left or below. Positive and negative integers are used to represent increases, decreases, temperatures above or below zero, directions, and positions above or below sea level.

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Mishika Sherawat
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33 views

Integers

This document discusses integers. Integers are numbers that are positive, negative, or zero. Positive numbers are greater than zero, while negative numbers are less than zero. Integers can be represented on a number line. The number line shows that every integer has an opposite number except zero. Integers can be compared using their position on a number line, with integers to the right or above being greater than those to the left or below. Positive and negative integers are used to represent increases, decreases, temperatures above or below zero, directions, and positions above or below sea level.

Uploaded by

Mishika Sherawat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER-6

INTEGERS
TOPIC: INTEGERS
INTEGERS
I. Introduction to Integers
Numbers greater than 0 are called positive numbers. Extending the number line
to the left of 0 allows us to picture negative numbers, numbers that are less than
0.
Negative numbers zero Positive numbers

5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5

When a single + sign or no sign is in front of a number, the number is a positive


number. When a single – sign is in front of a number, the number is a negative
number.
– 5 indicates “negative five”. 5 and + 5 indicate “positive five”.
The number 0 is neither positive nor negative.

Reading and writing integers


The sign of an integer is read first before the number.
Example: – 5 is read as ‘negative five’. + 9 is read as ‘positive 9’ or simply
‘nine’.
0 is an integer but it is nothing positive nor negative.

II. Representing Integers on Number Lines


Integers can be represented on a number line.
The number line shows that every integer has an opposite number except
‘0’.
Negative integers Positive integers
are to the left are to the right
of zero. of zero.

4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Comparing the Values of Two Integers
Number line can be used to compare the values of two integers.
1. Horizontal number line
(A) On a horizontal number line, an integer is greater than the integer on its left.
(B) On a horizontal number line, an integer is less than the integer on its right.

4 lies to the right of 1.


4>1

4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4

2 lies to the left of 1.


 2 < 1

2. Vertical number line


(A) On a vertical number line, an integer is greater than the integer below it.
(B) On a vertical number line, an integer is less than the integer above it.

5 lies above 2. 4
5>2 3
2

0 3 lies below 2.
 3 < 2
1
2

3

4
5
II. Ordering of Integers
1. Number lines can be used to arrange order, integers in increasing or decreasing
order.
2. The value of integers on a horizontal number line increases from left to right
and decreases from right to left.
Ascending Order

Values increasing

Smallest Largest
3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Descending Order

Values Decreasing

IV. Writing Positive and Negative Integers to Represent Word Descriptions


1. A positive or negative number is used to denote:
(A) An increase or a decrease in value
Examples:
(I) Rs. 70 withdrawn is denoted by –Rs. 70.
(ii) Rs.70 deposited is denoted by + Rs.70.
(B) Values more than zero values less than zero
(I) – 18 oC denotes a temperature that is 18 oC below 0 oC.
(ii) +18 oC denotes a temperature that is 18 oC above 0 oC.
(C) A positive direction or a negative direction (opposite direction)
Examples:
(I) –20 oC denotes an anticlockwise rotation of 20o.
(ii) +20o denotes a clockwise rotation of 20o.
(iii) +5 m denotes a direction 5 m to the right.
(iv) –5 m denotes a direction 5 m to the left.
(D) Position above or below sea level
(I) Sea level is taken as 0 m.
(ii) If a bird flies 350 m above sea level, we write it as +350 m.
(iii) If the submarine lies 150 m below sea level and write it as –150 m.

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