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2023-Tutorial 04

This document contains a tutorial on probability distributions and random variables with 8 sections. It includes examples of defining random variables for coin tosses, time to complete a task, and duration of service calls. It also covers computing probabilities and distributions for binomial, normal, and other random variables. Exercises include finding probabilities, means, variances, and cutoff values for different scenarios.

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74 views

2023-Tutorial 04

This document contains a tutorial on probability distributions and random variables with 8 sections. It includes examples of defining random variables for coin tosses, time to complete a task, and duration of service calls. It also covers computing probabilities and distributions for binomial, normal, and other random variables. Exercises include finding probabilities, means, variances, and cutoff values for different scenarios.

Uploaded by

chyhyhy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial

4.1. Consider the experiment of tossing a coin twice.

a. List the experimental outcomes.


b. Define a random variable that represents the number of heads occurring on the two
tosses.
c. Show what value the random variable would assume for each of the experimental
outcomes.
d. Is this random variable discrete or continuous?

4.2. Consider the experiment of a worker assembling a product.

a. Define a random variable that represents the time in minutes required to assemble
the product.
b. What values may the random variable assume?
c. Is the random variable discrete or continuous?

4.3. A technician services mailing machines at companies in the Phoenix area. Depending
on the type of malfunction, the service call can take 1, 2, 3, or 4 hours. The different
types of malfunctions occur at about the same frequency.

a. Develop a probability distribution for the duration of a service call.


b. Draw a graph of the probability distribution.
c. Show that your probability distribution satisfies the conditions required for a
discrete probability function.
d. What is the probability a service call will take three hours?
e. A service call has just come in, but the type of malfunction is unknown. It is 3:00
p.m. and service technicians usually get off at 5:00 p.m. What is the probability the
service technician will have to work overtime to fix the machine today?

4.4. Consider a binomial experiment with n = 10 and p = .20.

a. Compute f(0).
b. Compute f(2).
c. Compute P(x ≤ 2).
d. Compute P(x ≥ 1).
e. Compute E(x).
f. Compute Var(x) and σ

4.5. According to a survey conducted by TD Ameritrade, one out of four investors have
exchange-traded funds in their portfolios (USA Today, January 11, 2007). Consider a
sample of 10 investors.
a. Compute the probability that exactly 4 investors have exchange-traded funds in
their portfolios.
b. Compute the probability that at least 2 of the investors have exchange-traded funds
in their portfolios.
c. If you found that exactly 6 of the investors have exchange-traded funds in their
portfolios, would you doubt the accuracy of the survey results?
d. Compute the expected number of investors who have exchange-traded funds in
their portfolios.
e. What are the variance and standard deviation of the number of investors who have
exchange-traded funds in their portfolios?

4.6. Given that z is a standard normal random variable, compute the following
probabilities.

a. P(z ≤ -2.0)
b. P(z ≥ 1)
c. P(z ≥ 1.5)
d. P(2.5 ≤ z)
e. P(-3 ≤ z ≤ 0)

4.7. Given that z is a standard normal random variable, find z for each situation.

a. The area to the right of z is .2119.


b. The area between -z and z is .9030.
c. The area between -z and z is .2052.
d. The area to the right of z is .9948.
e. The area to the left of z is .6915

4.8. In January 2003, the American worker spent an average of 77 hours logged on to the
Internet while at work (CNBC, March 15, 2003). Assume the population mean is 77
hours, the times are normally distributed, and that the standard deviation is 20 hours.

a. What is the probability that in January 2003 a randomly selected worker spent
fewer than 60 hours logged on to the Internet?
b. What percentage of workers spent more than 90 hours in January 2003 logged on
to the Internet?
c. A person is classified as a heavy user if he or she is in the upper 20% of usage. In
January 2003, how many hours did a worker have to be logged on to the Internet to
be considered a heavy user?

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