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Determination of Total Solids, Dissolved Solids (TSD)

This document summarizes an experiment to determine total solids, dissolved solids, and suspended solids in a water sample. The experiment involves measuring the weight of an empty beaker, adding a 100ml water sample, evaporating the water, and reweighing to find total solids. To find dissolved solids, the filtrate is evaporated and weighed. Suspended solids are calculated by subtracting dissolved solids from total solids. The results help assess water quality by showing solids levels, which can impact the environment and human life if too high.

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hayder alali
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
176 views

Determination of Total Solids, Dissolved Solids (TSD)

This document summarizes an experiment to determine total solids, dissolved solids, and suspended solids in a water sample. The experiment involves measuring the weight of an empty beaker, adding a 100ml water sample, evaporating the water, and reweighing to find total solids. To find dissolved solids, the filtrate is evaporated and weighed. Suspended solids are calculated by subtracting dissolved solids from total solids. The results help assess water quality by showing solids levels, which can impact the environment and human life if too high.

Uploaded by

hayder alali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Industrial Pollution Control

Duhok Polytechnic University


Technical College of Engineering
Chemical Engineering Department
3rd Stage
2022-2023

Lecturer's Name: Experiment No. (8)

Mr. Kawar Abid Group (C)

Title of Experiment:

Determination of Total Solids, Dissolved Solids


and Suspended Solids in Water
Student Name:

Hayder Hassan Hussain

Date Report Submitted:

21/12/2022
Introduction:

The term total dissolved solids refer to materials that are completely dissolved
in water. These solids are filterable in nature. It is defined as residue upon evaporation
of filterable sample. The term total suspended solids can be referred to materials
which are not dissolved in water and are non-filterable in nature. It is defined as
residue upon evaporation of non-filterable sample on a filter paper.

TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS)

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) are solids in water that can be trapped by a filter. TSS
can include a wide variety of material, such as silt, decaying plant and animal matter,
industrial wastes, and sewage. High concentrations of suspended solids can cause
many problems for stream health and aquatic life.

High TSS can block light from reaching submerged vegetation. As the amount of
light passing through the water is reduced, photosynthesis slows down. Reduced rates
of photosynthesis cause less dissolved oxygen to be released into the water by plants.
If light is completely blocked from bottom dwelling plants, the plants will stop
producing oxygen and will die. As the plants are decomposed, bacteria will use up
even more oxygen from the water. Low dissolved oxygen can lead to fish kills. High
TSS can also cause an increase in surface water temperature, because the suspended
particles absorb heat from sunlight. This can cause dissolved oxygen levels to fall
even further (because warmer waters can hold less DO), and can harm aquatic life in
many other ways, as discussed in the temperature section

Objectives:

To determine total dissolved and suspended solids in the given water sample

1
Equipment:

1- Cylinder
2- Beaker
3- Heater
4- Balance
5- Filter paper

2
Procedure

1. Total solid (TS):


Measure the weight of the empty beaker first, then add the sample (100ml), heat the
sample to evaporate the water, and then measure the weight of the beaker once again.

2. Total dissolved solid (TDS):


Once the sample filtrate (100 ml) had been boiled until the sample's water had
evaporated, the sample had been placed in the beaker, and the weight of the beaker
was once more measured.

3
Calculation

4
Discussion:

1- Discuss possible sources of solids in ground water and surface water?


Seas, rivers, streams, and ponds are all considered surface waters, whereas
springs and wells are considered groundwater.

2- Groundwater usually has higher dissolved solids and surface water


usually has higher suspended solids‖- Explain?
Water can have many dissolved compounds since it is such a good solvent.
Additionally, because groundwater travels through underground soil and
rocks, it has several opportunities to dissolve materials. Because of this,
groundwater frequently contains more dissolved materials than surface water.

3- Why water is evaporated at 103°C rather than 100 °C in assessment of


solid of water?
because the impurity-containing water evaporated at a greater temperature
than pure water, which evaporated at 103 °C rather than 100 °C.

5
Conclusion

The results of this experiment determine the (TS), (TDS), and (TSS) to know
the quality of water if the range of TS, TDS, and TSS are high that effect on the
environment natural and also affected on the human life, and TS explained the
amount of solid in a water sample, TDS explained the amount of dissolved solid
(ions) in a water sample, and TSS explained the amount of filterable solids in a water
sample.

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