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Science Reviewer Grade 6

The respiratory system includes the nose, nasal passages, throat, larynx, trachea, lungs, and other structures. The nose filters air and helps with smell. The throat contains tissues like the tonsils that trap dirt. The trachea is a tube that transports air to the lungs. The lungs exchange gases and are the main breathing organs. Respiration involves inhalation and exhalation through coordinated actions of the rib cage, diaphragm, and intercostal muscles.

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Joy Vinaviles
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441 views

Science Reviewer Grade 6

The respiratory system includes the nose, nasal passages, throat, larynx, trachea, lungs, and other structures. The nose filters air and helps with smell. The throat contains tissues like the tonsils that trap dirt. The trachea is a tube that transports air to the lungs. The lungs exchange gases and are the main breathing organs. Respiration involves inhalation and exhalation through coordinated actions of the rib cage, diaphragm, and intercostal muscles.

Uploaded by

Joy Vinaviles
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Parts and Functions of the respiratory System

Nose

The nose is used for smelling and breathing. It has two openings called nostrils

nasal passages- two tunnels of nostrils

cilia- microscopic hair-like structures that traps dust and dirt

mucus – filters pollen and bacteria

Nasal cavity - contains the olfactory neurons that help in recognizing the smell or scent of an object.

Throat - is the front part of the neck between the chin and the collarbone. It contains specialized tissues
called tonsils.

Tonsils - are a pair of almond-shaped structures that help in trapping dirt that enters through the mouth
cavity.

Pharynx - is a tube at the back of the throat and mouth. It connects the nose and mouth to the larynx
and esophagus. Food and air pass through this tube.

Larynx - is found between the back of the tongue and the trachea. It is protected by a collection of
cartilages that holds the airways open. The largest of these cartilages is the thyroid cartilage, also called
Adam’s apple, because this structure is more prominent in males. Air flows through this opening.

Trachea or Windpipe - It is a tube about 11 to 13 centimeters long and about 2.5 centimeters in
diameter. It stretches from the neck down to chest. The trachea is also lined with mucus-producing cells
and epithelial cells covered with cilia. The lower end of the trachea splits into two narrow tubes called
bronchi/bronchus.

Lungs - are the chief breathing organs of humans and other mammals. Each person has two lungs. The
right and left lungs fill up most of the chest cavity. The main function of the lungs is to exchange gases.

The bronchus if further divided into different segments and lead into smaller tubes called bronchioles.

Capillaries - are the tiniest blood vessels in the body.

Vital Capacity - maximum amount of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs.

Not all air in the lungs can be expelled.

Residual Volume - the air left in the lungs after exhalation

Total lung capacity - The maximum amount of air that can be held by the lungs

Respiration - refers to the exchange of gases in the body. It involves inhalation and exhalation. The
other parts involved in respiration are:
 

Rib cage - houses and protects the lungs.

Diaphragm - is a large, flat muscles below the ribs and lungs.

Intercostals- are muscles between neighboring ribs. They play a small role when you breathe. When
you inhale, these muscles lift up and expand the ribs increasing the thoracic diameter.

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