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PA210 Philippine Administrative System

The document defines the Philippine administrative system as a network of public organizations that implement policies, interact with each other, serve various publics or clientele groups, and operate within the broader socio-economic environment. It breaks this definition down into five key components: public organizations, internal processes and interactions, contribution to policy formulation and assessment, relationship to clientele, and the greater operating environment. The document then provides details and examples for each component to further explain the makeup and functions of the Philippine administrative system.

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Cattleya Penalosa
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527 views22 pages

PA210 Philippine Administrative System

The document defines the Philippine administrative system as a network of public organizations that implement policies, interact with each other, serve various publics or clientele groups, and operate within the broader socio-economic environment. It breaks this definition down into five key components: public organizations, internal processes and interactions, contribution to policy formulation and assessment, relationship to clientele, and the greater operating environment. The document then provides details and examples for each component to further explain the makeup and functions of the Philippine administrative system.

Uploaded by

Cattleya Penalosa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PA210

PHILIPPINE
ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM
Breaking up this definition into its
components gives us the following:

a network of public organizations with specific


goals, policies, structures, resources, and
programs;

processes of and interaction between and


among, these public organizations;

organizations constituted to implement, help


formulate, monitor, or assess public policies,
Breaking up this definition into its
components gives us the following:

these organizations’ relationship with their


immediate public -in-contact as well as their
reaction to or how the greater socio-politico
and economic environment within which they
operate affect them; and

the greater socio-politico and economic


environment.
First Component: Public Organizations

Let us discuss this definition by looking at its parts one by one. First you
have the public organizations, which are the basic blocks of this system.
Each of these organizations have their respective goals, policies,
structures, resources and processes . These organizations are usually
created by law, which defines their purpose, their core structure, the
functions that they are to undertake and how their operations are to be
funded by public funds. Given their legal mandates, their major functions,
and the structures through which they implement their major programs
and projects, each of these component units of the PAS are organizations
are self- contained sub-systems in themselves.
Second Component: Internal Processes
and Interactive Efforts

What is meant by “ processes of and interactions between and among public


organizations? This is simply means that each of these organizations perform their
public functions through defined rules and procedures. These procedure are internal
to the organization.

In most instances, work in the PAS will require that an organization coordinate with
other organizations within the system. Some government offices, like the Department
of Budget and Management, have for their “ public” other government agencies that
must deal with them in the course of preparing their annual budget.For the DENR need
to do an assessment study, they will have to coordinate with the local officials
concerned like the barangay captain or the Municipal Mayor, depending on the nature
of their project.
Third Component: “ Implementing, Help
Formulating, and Assessing Public Policies”

The PAS is primarily responsible for implementing public policies formulated


jointly by the Legislative and the Executive branches. However, it is important to
note that its responsibility is not confined solely to implementation. Even the
most well formulated public laws cannot fully anticipate all the conditions or
situations in enforcing these laws and the insight that they gain as they
implement these laws are valuable.

Aside from implementing and helping formulate policies, the PAS also monitors
or assess public policies. As a matter of procedure, every government office is
required to submit an annual report on its activities.These evaluation reports
may also identify clients who benefited from their projects, relate benefits to
cost, and discuss problems and possible solutions.
Fourth Component: “Individuals, Groups, Organizations,
and Communities as Its Public/Clientele”

A significant element of the PAS that is not included in some definition is the
public, which the PAS serves. The PAS must be conscious of the different kinds of
public organization may be dealing with . Depending on its character, a public
organization may be dealing with individuals, groups, private or other public
organizations, communities or even other countries as its “ public-in-contact”.
For example, oversight agencies like Commission on Audit have public agencies
as their “public-in-contact”.While offices like the Department of Health, provide
services to individuals, groups, business organization, and communities. On the
other hand, the Board of Investment, by virtue of its mandate, services foreign
investors.
Fifth Component: The Greater Socio-Politico and
Economic Environment

The fifth and final component is the socio-economico and economic


environment within which the PAS operates. What do we refer to when we
say “socio-politico and economic environment?The Philippine
Administrative System is part of a bigger social system where there there
are competing claims to limited resources and institutions play a role in
determining how these resources will be utilized.
SAQ 4-1
1. From the 10 items in the list, select the five elements constituting the Philippine administrative System.

A. The market where there is free exchange of goods and services.

B. The family as a social institution.

C. Public organizations with their own goals, policies, structures, resources and programs.

D. A particular clientele group who is in need of an organization’s services.

E. Public institutions, with their internal processes, that also relate to and interact with, other public organizations.

F. The Catholic Church.

G. Association of business organization like the Makati Business Club.

H. Organization created to implement, help formulate and monitor and assess public policies.

I. International organization such as agencies of the United Nations.

J. A socio-political and economic environment that influences the demand for the services of public
organizations and the support and resources that they received.
SAQ 4-1
2. Please indicate whether these statements are True or False. If a statement is
False, explain what make it False.

B. The PAS internal


processes determine the
A. The Philippine demands that its clientele
administrative System are likely to make it on it
refers only to offices of the and the support and
national government. resources that it will get.
Activity 4-1
Converting the Definition to a Strategic Example

Try to list down each component of the


system and give a concrete example of this
component using your office as reference.
For instance, under the first component, you
can write the name of your office. Then for
the second component, you can describe a
procedure that you utilize in the office in
Let us now apply this definition to
dealing with the public that you serve
your office or to another public
regularly, and so on until you reach the fifth
organization that you are familiar
and final component. What do you see as the
with.
thing that connects this office to the
Philippine Administrate System
Activity 4-1
Converting the Definition to a Strategic Example

Component

Example


1.Public Organization

2. Internal and External Processes

3. Contribution to Public Policies

4. Public-in-Contact/Clientele

5. Greater Environment
Sources of Power of the PAS
The power of the PAS stems largely from:
1) its being an rm of (2) its being an (3) its operation as a
the government; enforcer and service delivery
implementor of system;
public policy;

(4) its role as a (5) its technical (6) its extensive and
participant in the expertise; and nationwide presence
policy formulation at all levels of
process; government.
The PAS as the Instrument of the State

The public bureaucracy derives its administrative


power from its being an arm of the state. The PAS is
in effect the machinery through which the functions
of government are exercised legitimately
throughout the country. It is through the public
bureaucracy that the President as head of the
Executive branch, for instance, can exercised its
power of eminent domain.
The PAS as the Instrument of the State

What is the power of Eminent domain and why it is a


good example of the extent of the power of the PAS?
The power of eminent domain is reposed by law, on the
President as head of the PAS.Through this power, the
President can,in behalf of the national government, and
when public interest so requires, expropriate private
land for public use , provided government observes the
requirements of due process. Government must of
course pay for the property if the owners agrees to sell.
However, in some instances, if due process has been
observed, government may appropriate the land
without having to pay for it at all.
The PAS as Enforcer and Implementor of Public Policy
The PAS enforces the laws and implements other policies set y the executive
and the legislative branches of government,. Most laws stipulate how they are
to be enforced, specify sanctions, and even establish behavioral norms that
must be observed by enforcers. In instances where new programs are
authorized, the source and amount of funds,as well as other logistics for
program activities are also provided.

As the law enforcement arm and policy implementor of the government, the PAS
has discretion as to how it carries out policies and enforces the law. This is
another source of the PAS power. The legislature cannot fully anticipate all the
conditions under which certain laws are to be enforced or implemented. Thus,
the PAS may exercise its discretion as to how it interprets the law as it enforces
or implements the same.
The PAS as Enforcer and Implementor of Public Policy

In exercising its discretion as to, the PAS may unduly favor those who
are able to wield influence over it, (I.e., those with more resources
status or prestige in the community or the society) while putting to a
disadvantage those who have less and are also relatively less able to
deal with the ways of the bureaucracy.
The PAS as a Service Delivery System

The PAS is also a major service delivery system. As such, it


utilizes its authority, structure, and resources to produce
specific services that it extends to a clientele group.
The PAS as a Service Delivery System

The public school system is a delivery system that provides


educational services, while public heath system, with its health
centers and hospitals, delivers, delivers health services..In most
instances, the services that government provides may also be
available in the market for a higher cost. However, since not all
Filipinos can afford to send their children to private school or to
pay for a private hospital bed when they get sick.For example,
public provisions of these services is crucial. Without public
schools, public health facilities,and the postal system, most
Filipinos would not have access to these basic services.
The PAS as a Service Delivery System

Again the PAS exercises discretion as it determines the quantity,


quality, adequacy, and timeliness of the service it provides. To the
extent that the public depends on he PAS for basic services as
they cannot afford the high costs of these services elsewhere,then
the PAS wields power over this kind of clientele.
The PAS as Participant in the Policy
Formulation Process
As we pointed out earlier, it is the bureaucracy that
actually enforces and implements the law. In the process,
it gets to know of actual situations where practical
problems may arise partly because of the lack of clarity of
legal provisions, unanticipated conditions, and in some
instances, changes in the social environment which may
make some policies obsolete or inapplicable.
Technical Expertise of the PAS

Another source of power of the PAS is the accumulated technical expertise that
it has amassed over time as it deals with the myriad and complex issues that
government must address. Most civil servants in the Philippine bureaucracy
were hired for their professional training in their respective areas of
competence. They must deal with highly technical questions linked to policy
issues like the operations of nuclear power,plant environmental impact
assessment for a new shopping mall, adoption of a Filipino child by foreigners,
establishing the patent for a new product and even evaluating the financial
and technical soundness of a build operate-transfer scheme for the
construction of a new light railway transit system in Metro Manila. These are
just some of the many questions that Filipino bureaucrats must deal with.

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