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Assignment 3

This assignment covers key concepts from Chapter 5 on the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) and Chapter 6 on Neighbor Discovery in IPv6. Students will answer true/false and short answer questions testing their understanding of ICMP packet types, utilities that use ICMP like Ping and Traceroute, IPv6 address configuration using Neighbor Discovery, and related topics.

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iliana
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52 views

Assignment 3

This assignment covers key concepts from Chapter 5 on the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) and Chapter 6 on Neighbor Discovery in IPv6. Students will answer true/false and short answer questions testing their understanding of ICMP packet types, utilities that use ICMP like Ping and Traceroute, IPv6 address configuration using Neighbor Discovery, and related topics.

Uploaded by

iliana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 3

This assignment covers:


Chapter 5: Internet Control Message Protocol
Chapter 6: Neighbor Discovery in IPv6

(25 Points)

True / False (10 Points)

1. The value 0 in the IP header Protocol field denotes that an ICMP header follows the IP
header.
False
2. ICMP packets contain only three required fields after the IP header: Type, Code, and
Checksum.
True
3. Routers send ICMP Redirect messages to hosts to indicate that a preferable route exists.

True
4. Routers can use ICMP to provide a default gateway setting to a host (if the host requests
assistance).
True
5. With router advertising, the default Lifetime value for route entries is 10 minutes.

False
6. Neighbor Discovery uses five ICMPv6 message types.
True
7. Upon start-up, Neighbor Discovery collects information about how nodes configure their
IPv6 addresses to communicate on the network.
False
8. Neighbor Discovery makes abundant use of messages.
False
9. ND takes over the functions that ARP and Reverse ARP handled in IPv4.
True
10. Home Agents may include the Home Agent Information option in their Router
Advertisement messages, but it should not be included if the Home Agent (H) bit is not
set.
True
Short Answers (10 Points)

1. ICMP Type __8___ is used for Echo Reply packets.

2. Two of the most well-known utilities, Ping and Traceroute, rely on ICMP to perform
connectivity tests and __path discovery_________.

3. The PMTU specification defined in RFC 1191 requires the PMTU host to try periodically
a larger MTU to see if the ___allowable data size_______ has increased.

4. An IP __host probe______ is performed by sending a ping packet (ICMP Echo Request


packet) to each host within a range and noting the responses.

5. An IP ____________________ is performed by sending a ping packet (ICMP Echo


Request packet) to each host within a range and noting the responses.

6. A router might also use __redirect___ messages to balance traffic loads across multiple
interfaces.

7. The ___solicited-node_____ address is a multicast address with link-local scope that


helps reduce the number of multicast groups to which nodes must subscribe to make
themselves available for solicitation by other nodes on their local links.

8. Routers reply to Router Solicitation messages received by a node using


___advertisement____ messages.

9. A node can send a(n) __neighbor____ message to find (or verify) the link-layer address
of a local node, to see if a node is still available, or to check that its own address is not
already in use by another node.
10. Routers send __redirect___ messages to inform a host of a better first-hop router for a
destination.
Long Answers (5 Points)
(This is the “Long Answer” section, you are required to give full and detailed response to all questions)

1. Describe the fields that are included in the ICMPv4 Router Advertisement packets (after
the ICMP Checksum field).

This set of messages allows for network nodes that are not configured with the address of
a first hop router to ask for and receive information about routers on the local network. If
the network node does not receive any known routers on the network then it sends an
ICMPv4 router solicitation messages and gets sent to only routers without contacting all
the devices on the network. The router then responds to the node with information about
the router itself. This is called a router advertisement message using multicast 224.0.0.1
address. Routers use various routing protocols to exchange routes with other routers.

2. Describe the conceptual sending algorithm.


For a node to communicate to the nearest or neighbor node the original node needs to find a IP
address of the next hop and it examines it’s destination cache to learn the next link layer
address by examining it’s neighbor cache a well. If no IP address is found then the node starts a
process called next hop determination to it’s caches and lists with it’s neighbors addressing
information. Conceptual sending algorithm also follows a procedure.

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