= =

Problem 1: From rest, a car accelerated at 8 m/s2 for 10 We now convert 72 km/h into m/s
seconds. 1 hour
72 * 1km 1000 m
u = 72 km/h = 3600 seconds
a) What is the position of the car at the end of the 10 seconds? 1 hour 1 km
= 20 m/s
We now calculate the acceleration a
b) What is the velocity of the car at the end of the 10 seconds?
a = (20 m/s) / (11.5 s) = 1.74 m/s2 (approximetd)
Solution to Problem 1:
b) Two ways to find the position x:
a) The car starts from rest therefore the initial speed u = 0.
Nothing is said about the initial position and we therefore 1) x = (1/2)(v + u) t or 2) x = (1/2) a t 2 + u t
assume it is equal to 0. Hence the position x is given by the
equation 1) We first use: x = (1/2)(v + u) t = 0.5*(20 m/s + 0)*11.5 =
115 m
x = (1/2) a t 2

2) We now use: (1/2) a t2 + u t = 0.5*1.74*(11.5) 2 + 0*t = 115

where a is the acceleration (=8 m/s2) and t is the period of time m
between initial and final positions
Problem 4: An object is thrown straight down from the top of
x = (1/2)8 (10)2 = 400 m a building at a speed of 20 m/s. It hits the ground with a speed
of 40 m/s.
b) The velocity v of the car at the end of the 10 seconds is
given by a) How high is the building?
v = a t = 8 * 10 = 80 m/s b) How long was the object in the air?
Problem 2: With an initial velocity of 20 km/h, a car Solution to Problem 4:
accelerated at 8 m/s2 for 10 seconds.
a) We consider that the direction from ground up is the
a) What is the position of the car at the end of the 10 seconds? positive direction of the falling object. We are given the initial
(-20 m/s) and final velocities (-40 m/s); the minus sign was
b) What is the velocity of the car at the end of the 10 seconds? added to take into account the fact that the falling object is
moving in the negative direction. We know the gravitational
Solution to Problem 2: acceleration (g = - 9.8 m/s2) acting on the falling object and
we are asked to find the height of the building. If we consider
a) The car has an initial velocity of 20 km/h, therefore the the position of the object as being x (wth x = 0 on the ground),
initial speed u = 20 km/h. Nothing is said about the initial then we may use the equation relating the initial and final
position and we therefore assume it is equal to 0. Hence the velocities u and v, the acceleration a and the initial (x0 which
position x is given by the equation the height of the building) and final (x, on the ground)
positions as follows:
x = (1/2) a t 2 + u t
v2 = u2 + 2 a (x - x0)
where a is the acceleration (=8 m/s2) and t is period of time
between initial and final positions and u is the initial (-40 m/s)2 = (-20 m/s)2 + 2 (-9.8 m/s0) (0 - x0)
velocity.
Solve the above for x0
Since the time is given in seconds, we need to convert
x0 = 1200 / 19.6 = 61.2 m
20 km/h into m/s as follows:
1 hour b) x - x0 = (1/2)(u + v)t
20 * 1km 1000 m
u = 20 km/h = 3600 seconds
1 hour 1 km
= 5.6 m/s -61.2 = 0.5(-20 - 40)t
We now have
t = 61.2 / 30 = 2.04 s
x = (1/2) (8) 102 + 5.6*10 = 456 m

b) v = at + u = 8*10 + 5.6 = 85.6 m/s

Problem 5: A train brakes from 40 m/s to a stop over a
Problem 3: A car accelerates uniformly from 0 to 72 km/h in distance of 100 m.
11.5 seconds.
a) What is the acceleration of the train?
a) What is the acceleration of the car in m/s2?
b) How much time does it take the train to stop?
b) What is the position of the car by the time it reaches the
velocity of 72 km/h? Solution to Problem 5:

Solution to Problem 3: a) We are given the initial velocity u = 40 m/s, the final
velocity v = 0 (train stops) and the distance. Hence the
a) The acceleration a is a measure if the rate of change formula that relates these 3 quantities and the acceleration is
of the velocity within a period of time. Hence given by
u= change in velocity v - u 72 km/h - 0
change in time t 11.5 seconds v2 = u2 + 2 a x
02 = 402 + 2 a (100)
a = (v - u) / t = 350 km/h / 12.3 s
Solve for the acceleration a
Convert 350 km/h into m/s
a = -1600 / 200 = - 8 m/s2
350 km/h = 350,000 m / 3,600 s = 97.2 m/s
b) There two ways to find the time:
a = 97.2 m/s / 12.3 s = 8 m/s2 (to the nearest unit)
1) Use: x = (1/2)(v + u) t
Problem 8: Starting from a distance of 20 meters to the left of
100 = 0.5(0 + 40) t the origin and at a velocity of 10 m/s, an object accelerates to
the right of the origin for 5 seconds at 4 m/s2. What is the
Solve for t: t = 5 seconds. position of the object at the end of the 5 seconds of
acceleration?
2) Use x = (1/2) a t2 + ut
Solution to Problem 8:
100 = 0.5 ( - 8) t2 + 40t
a) In this problem, we may consider that the direction of the
4 t2 - 40 t + 100 = 0 object is the positive direction and the initial position x0 = -20
meters (to the left of the origin), the initial velocity u = 10 m/s,
4 (t2 - 10 t + 25) = 0 the acceleration a = 4 m/s2 and the time is t = 5 seconds. The
position is given by
4(t - 5)2 = 0
x = (1/2) a t2 + u t + x0
t = 5 seconds.
= 0.5 * 4 * (5)2 + 10 * 5 - 20 = 80 meters to the right of the
Problem 6: A boy on a bicycle increases his velocity from 5 origin.
m/s to 20 m/s in 10 seconds.
Problem 9: What is the smallest distance, in meters, needed
a) What is the acceleration of the bicycle? for an airplane touching the runway with a velocity of 360
km/h and an acceleration of -10 m/s2 to come to rest?
b) What distance was covered by the bicycle during the 10
seconds? Solution to Problem 9:

Solution to Problem 6: a) In this problem the initial velocity u = 360 km/h, the final
velocity v = 0 (rest) and the acceleration a = -10 m/s2. The
distance x can be calculated using the formula
a) In this problem the initial velocity u = 5 m/s and the
final velocity v = 20 m/s. The acceleration a of the v2 = u2 + 2 a x
bicycle is the rate of change of the velocity and is given
as follows Convert 360 km/h into m/s: 360 km/h = (360 000 m) /(3600 s)
20 m/s - 5 m/s = 100 m/s
v-u
a= = 10 seconds
t
= 1.5 m/s2 x = ( v2 - u2 ) / (2 a) = (0 - 10,000) / (-20) = 500 meters
b) There are two ways to find the distance covered by the
bicyle in t = 10 seconds. Problem 10: To approximate the height of a water well,
Martha and John drop a heavy rock into the well. 8 seconds
1) x = (1/2)(v + u) t = 0.5 (20 + 5) 10 = 125 m after the rock is dropped, they hear a splash caused by the
impact of the rock on the water. What is the height of the well.
2) x = (1/2) a t2 + u t = 0.5 * 1.5 * 100 + 5 * 10 = 125 m (Speed of sound in air is 340 m/s).

Problem 7: a) How long does it take an airplane to take off if it Solution to Problem 10:
needs to reach a speed on the ground of 350 km/h over a
distance of 600 meters (assume the plane starts from rest)? a) In this problem we have:
b) What is the acceleration of the airplane over the 600
meters? 1) a rock was dropped down the well and is uniformly
accelerated downward due to gravity. If h is the height of the
Solution to Problem 7: well and t is the time taken by the rock to reach the bottom of
the well, then we have
a) In this problem the initial velocity u = 0 (assumed because
it is not given) , the final velocity v = 350 km/h and the h = (1/2)(9.8) t 2
distance x = 600 meters = 0.6 km
2) After the splash, the sound travels up the well at a constant
The relationship between the give quantities is: speed of 340 m/s. Again the same height h of the well is given
by
x = (1/2)(v + u) t
h = 340 *(8 - t) : 8 - t is the time taken for the sount to travel
0.6 = 0.5 (350 + 0) t from bottom to top where the sound is heard.

Solve for t The above equations give:

t = (0.6 / 175) hours = 12.3 seconds (1/2)(9.8) t2 = 340 *(8 - t)

b) The acceleration a of the airplane is given by 4.9 t2 + 340 t - 2720 = 0

 What is the acceleration of the object?
Solve for t, two solutions: 2. An airplane accelerates down a run-way at 3.20 m/s2
t = 7.24 s and the second solution is negative and is not valid. for 32.8 s until is finally lifts off the ground. Determine
the distance traveled before take-off.
The height h of the well is calculated using one of the above 3. A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a
equations: time of 5.21 seconds for a distance of 110 m. Determine
h = 340 *(8 - t) = 340 *(8 - 7.24) = 257 meters (approximated the acceleration of the car.
to the the nearest meter) 4. A bike accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of
7.10 m/s over a distance of 35.4 m. Determine the
Problem 11: A rock is thrown straight up and reaches a height acceleration of the bike.
of 10 m.
5. A bullet leaves a rifle with a muzzle velocity of 521
a) How long was the rock in the air? m/s. While accelerating through the barrel of the rifle,
the bullet moves a distance of 0.840 m. Determine the
b) What is the initial velocity of the rock? acceleration of the bullet (assume a uniform
Solution to Problem 11: acceleration).

a) In this problem the rock has an initial velocity u. When the

rock reaches a height of 10 m, it returns down to earth and the
the velocity v = 0 when x = 10 meters. Hence

v = -9.8 t + u

0 = -9.8 t + u

u = 9.8 t

x = (1/2)(u + v) t

10 = 0.5 (9.8 t + 0) t

= 4.9 t2

Solve for t: t = 1.42 seconds

b) u = 9.8 t = 9.8 * 1.24 = 14 m/s

Problem 12: A car accelerates from rest at 1.0 m/s2 for 20.0
seconds along a straight road . It then moves at a constant
speed for half an hour. It then decelerates uniformly to a stop
in 30.0 s. Find the total distance covered by the car.

Solution to Problem 12:

a) The car goes through 3 stages:

stage 1: acceleration a = 1, initial velocity = 0, t = 20 s. Hence

the distance x is given by

x = (1/2) a t2 = (1/2) (1) 202 = 200 meters

stage 2: constant speed v is the speed at the end of stage 1.

v = a t = 1 * 20 = 20 m/s

x = v t = 20 m/s * (1/2 hour) = 20 m/s * 1800 s = 36,000

meters

stage 3: deceleration to a stop, hence u = 20 m/s and v = 0

(stop)

x = (1/2)(u + v) t = (1/2)(20 + 0) 30 = 300 meters

total distance = 200 + 36,000 + 300 = 36,500 meters.

1. An object that is undergoing uniform acceleration

from rest moves 7.4 m/s in 2.5 s.