Passive Voice Past Participte (or Verb 3. Kindly brows list of Regular & Irregudar Verbs). Example: ‘+ Mary helped the boy > The boy was helped by Marry ‘+ Mr. Grimsley always writes his teaching experience in his journal > Mr. Grimsley’s teaching experience is always written in his jourmal Notes: + Only Transitive Verbs are used in the passive voice: Its not possible to use Intransitive Verbs in the passive eae ‘+ Transitive Verbs are verbs that can be followed by an object. The object can be a noun or pronoun. < Example: mail, sign, kil, put ‘+ Inuransitive Verbs are verbs that cannot be followed by an object. Example: agree, appear, arrive, die, happen, live, rain, sleep ‘The patterns of passive voive are determined or decided by the form of Tenses (Simple, Continuous, Perfect or Perfect Continuous). The following table is the Tenses-based forms of Passive Voice; TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE ‘ Present | Jo writes the letter “The letter is written by Jo Simple |Past | Jo wrote the letter ‘The letter was written by Jo Future | Jo will write the letter ‘The letier will be written by Jo Present | Jo is writing the leter ‘The letter is being writen by Jo [zee Jo was writing the letter ‘The letter was being written by Jo Future | Jo will be writing the letter | The letter will be being written by JoExpressions showing conditions or situations, using the forms of Passive commonly preceded by be. The passive forms are sometimes seen as adject describe an object) and sometimes are called as Non-Progressive Passive. They Lam prepared Lam ready 1am worried > feeling concemed about something. Itis broken > flaw condition Itis done > finished I'm finished the end of me (in a bad way) g I'm done with ~ the end of something you're working on / you're dealing with I'm scared of a I’'m annoyed with / by I'm devoted to I’m interested in I'm excited about I'm divorced from I'm married to W's located i I'm involved in/ with I'm exhausted from The ear is made in / from / of I’m bored with / by 1’m used to Expressions which mean fo make something happen, (o make something become, to make something begin, to make something grow, using, the forms of Passive Voice, commonly preceded by get. However, these expressions are not recommended for formal writings. They are; © Get drunk > intoxicated + Get dressed ® put on some clothes # Get lost disorientation towards direction + Get killed > make someone killed © Get shot & make someone shot © Get engaged © Get prepared + Get bored © Get hurt © Get arrested : eens _., done make someone else finish it ‘6. This structured expression is called Causative, We might discuss what it is some other time.‘iad the letter been written by Jo? ‘Will the letier have been written by written by Jo have been written by | Jo? ‘The leticr has been being | The lotor has not been | Has the Teter been Being written by written by Jo being written byJo | Jo? ‘The letter had been being |The letter had not | Had the letter been being written by ‘Mitten by Jo ‘been being written by | Jo? “The letier will have been | The letter will not | Will the leter have been being ‘being written by Jo havebeen being | writen by Jo? written by Jo The letter can be written by |The letter cannot be | Can the Tetter be written by Jo? Jo written by Jo “The leter should be weitien | The letter shouldnat | Should the letter be written by Jo? by Jo be writen by Jo "The letter may be written by | The letter may notbe | May the letter be writen by Jo? Jo awrite by Jo | ‘Additional information: ‘Some Passive Voice forms are without by-phrase when the one who performs / performed ‘the action is unidentifiable. Example: ‘My sweater was made in Korea. ‘Spanish has been spoken in Colombia for centuries. “The house was built in 1940. Rice is grown in many Asian countries. 3the letter “The Fetter wall have been being written by Jo ‘Tho following is the Modals-baced forms of Passive Voice; Modals ‘Active Passive wall | Jo will write the Teter “The Teter wil be written by Jo ‘Gan | Jocan write the letter "The letter can be written by Jo “Should | Jo should wate the fetter “The letter should be written by Jo May | Jo may write the letter ‘The Teter may be written by Jo ad better | Jo had better write the letter ‘The Feller had better be written by Jo. ugh to | Jo ought to wre te eter “The letter ought to be written by Jo Miast_| Jo must write the leter ‘The letter must be written by Jo “The following table is to construct the passive in three kinds of sentences; Positive Negative Tnterrogative | The Tetteris written by Jo awrite by Jo The letter isnot Ts the letter written by Jo? “The letter was written by Jo syitten by Jo “The letter was not | Was the leer written by Jo? Jo ‘The letter will be wniten by written by Jo “The letter will notbe | Will the letter be written by Jo? byJo | The letter is being written writen by Jo The letter isnot being | Is the letter being written by Jo?