| More on the passive voice fh, We use the passive voice: 1. to put emphasis on the receiver of an 2. when we do not know or do not want to action mention the doer of an action Help! "ve been fed alot of 3. co make an objective or formal 4, to put emphasis on the doer of an action statement by putting it at the end Vm being messed around by my owner! Itis believed that the body found is that of the escaped criminal, Be 1. We pur the receiver ofthe action a the beginning as the subject. The doer ofthe ation can be omitted, or we can mention it after the preposition + van was scolded (by his class teacher). 2. We use the passive form of a verb to make a passive sentence. verb to be + past participle (p.p.) of a verb Simple present amlislares pp. * The plants are watered every day. Simple past was /weres pp. + A book fair was held yesterday. Simple fucure will /shall + be-+ pp. * The problems will be solved later. Present continuous am /is/are + being + pp. * The dishes are being washed now. Past continuous was / were + being + pp. * The computer was being fixed. Present perfect have /has + been + pp. * The clothes have been ironed. Past perfect had + beens p.p. _* All the lights had been switched off before I lef * All she coupons will have been redeemed by the time J arrive there. Future perfect will have + been + pp.3. When a verb contains a modal or is formed by one of the following structures, we form the passive by putting be + past participle after the modal or fo. * We should keep the environment * The environment should be kept modal (can, could, svigh should, clean. ay MBM SOME. Ssudents cannot bring video games > Video games cannot be brought to ‘must, etc) to hool. school. be going to.» He is going to fix the computer. *+ The computer is going to be fixed. used t0 * Lused to feed my dog twice a day.» My dog used 10 be fed twice a day. have tol has to! * You have to submit the application * The application form has to be had to form by today. submitted by today. 4, We put notafter the auxiliary verb or the modal (except have #0, has to and had t0) to form the negative form of the passive. * The book has not been published yet. + The books on this shelf must not be taken away. * The report does not have to be handed in tomorrow. 5. We form questions in the passive voice like this. * The students were interviewed * Were the students interviewed Yoo No—‘Ation verbs bya ten magazine. by a teen magazine? s * The shirt is being ironed. _* Is he shirt being ironed? questions “Action verbs * The floor should be mopped — * Should the floor be mopped with a modal twice? twice? * The wallet was found under * Where was the wallet found? Action verbs the table. Wh- questions + The album has been released. * What has been released? ‘Action verbs * The form can be submitted * How can the form be with a modal online. submitted? 6. When an objective or formal statement in the passive voice, we can use the following expressions with that or to-infinitives. These statements often appear in newspaper articles. Icis believed Icis said Icis thought * Tourists say that Hong Kong is che Shopping Sle as aI ad Paradise. en + Hong Kong is said to be the Shopping Paradis. @%7. We change the pronouns when changing a sentence from the active voice to the passive voice. * Lam tidying the house. + The house is being tidied by me. . * Christy isa clever girl. Many teachers ike * Christy is a clever girl. She is liked by many her. teachers. ‘passive? Some verbs do not have passive forms. We do not make passive sentences with: intransitive verbs (happen, appear, die, arrive, etc.), which do not have objects ¥ An accident happened last week. X An accident was happened last week. ii, some transitive verbs (have, fit, etc.) that describe states instead of actions VY He has a car. X The car is had by him. iii, some prepositional verbs (sit on, agree with, etc.) Y Lam sitting on the chair. X The chair is being sat on. 2. Some verbs often appear in the passive forms with prepositions to form common expressions. For example: beborn be located be made _—_—be used *+ Crystal was born on 23 June 1992. + My school is located near the MTR station. + Many products are made in China nowadays. + Be careful of the vase. Its made of glass. + This book is used for recording our progress on the project 3. We use start, begin, end and finish in the active voice when the subject of a sentence is an. activity or a performance. But we use the passive when the subject is a thing, * The Japanese class started last Monday. + The composition has to be finished by the end of the lesson. &©=. 7A Reading % Read Anson’s letter and complete the items below. Letters to the Editor Tf you have anything to share with me, send a letter to Room 402, Sunbeam Centre, Kwun Tong, Kowloon. *5S. Dear Editor, 'm a Form 3 student. I'm writing to talk about the rules that my school enforces. Theyre so harsh that I can’t stand them any more, For instance, students are not allowed to eat street snacks in their school uniform. If they do so, @ theylllbe punished by the Discipline Head, ‘One of my classmates was once found eating street snacks. She was sent to the detention class for a week. Besides, @ the school does not permit students to cul their hair, | can see no point in this rule. | think we should have the right to decide our own hair style. What's more, dating our schoolmates is strictly prohibited. If anyone is found to be in a relationship with his or her schoolmate, @ their conduct marks will be deducted. Some students have made some comments on the rules to the school. But @ the Principal says that the rules are set to help us become moral people. 'm really frustrated. | don’t want to stay at this school. What should ! do? Yours faithfully, Anson Underline all the verbs in the passive voice. Read sentence @. Rewrite it in the active voice. ‘The Discipline Head ______ them. Read sentence @. Rewrite it in the passive voice. Read sentence @, Why is the ‘doer’ not mentioned? Tick the correct answer, A. The doer is unknown. B. The doer is not the emphasis of the sentence. Read sentence @), Rewrite it to make it objective.&© 7B Blanks t ‘Change the sentences into the passive voice. 1, We solved the problems. = 2. Mrs Lo is cooking dinner now. - 3. Mr Chan has opened a bakery = near my school. 4. [will hand in the homework later. —> 5. Tina feeds the eats every day _ 6. Mrs Li has adopted two orphans. — 7. Amy was mopping the floor. - 8. A dog bit Tim yesterday. — 9. May has not posted the letters. + 10. Mrs Mo is going to take the clothes. to the laundry. 11. The manager has to keep these = — documents confidential. 7C Rewriting ve ‘The problems Dinner Abakery ‘The homework ‘The cars ‘Two orphans The floor Tim The letters ‘The clothes by Mrs Mo. ‘These documents by the manager. were soled by us, by Mrs Lo now. near my school. in later. by Tina every day. by Mrs Li. by Amy. by a dog yesterday. by May. to the laundry confidential Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice. You do not need to mention the doer. 1. You should return the books to the library on time. The books should be returned to the library on time. 2. The Observatory may hoist Typhoon Signal No. 10 later. 3. We must switch off our mobile phones during the exams. 4, You should nor take the medicine more than four times a day. 5. The university may invite shortlisted candidates for an interview. 6. People can book discounted air tickets online. 7. Customers cannot enjoy privileges on public holidays.7D Sentence making > “> Read what Iris says. Then help Roy ask a question with the given words using the passive voice. 1. Iris: I'll have a birthday party this Saturday. Roy: __Whowill be invited? (Who, invite) 2, Iris: A fire broke out in Kwun Tong yesterday. Roy: anyone, injure) 3. Iris: There was a bank robbery this morning. Ry ents eee ee eee eNOS (How roan. Tob berediiivalvc) 4. Iris: The Student Union will organise a bazaar. Roy; Whe, i, old) 5. Iris: Someone gave a thanksgiving card to Miss Chan. Roy: (What, write, on it) 6. Iris: I boughe this jacket at $499. Roy; it, make, in Japan) 7. Iris: Ob...its a pity that you can’t come to our gathering. Roy; Can, it, postpone, 0 next week) 48, Iris: Pve applied for a part-time job in a publishing company. a eee ee en SEI fan interview) 7E Proofreading * x ‘There is a mistake in each sentence. Correct the mistakes as follows: Incorrect word: Underline the incorrect word, and write the correct word in the blank. Missing word: Mark the position of the missing word with a‘, and write the missing word in the blank, Extra word: Puta ‘X" on the extra word, and write the extra word in the blank. A car accident yqs happened this morning. was ‘The car is repaired by the technician at the moment. being Have you been invite to Jane’s party? invited Why are you absent yesterday? My dog was died last week: aye wpe ‘The report will being done soon. @%7. It believed that there are UFOs in space. 8. A present has been gave to me by my uncle. 9. Joey's album is going to released next week. 10. The house has not be furnished. 11. Is this computer making in China? 12. Where the Science Museum located? a Sq 7F Blanks te Me Mr Ho, the Discipline Head, is telling the students about the school rules. Look at the pictures. ‘Then fill in the blanks with the given verbs and the words in the brackets, cut lengthen put_—= wear wear Gu fA | Your hair is too long. It __ehould be cut eer to school. (cannot) regularly. (should) d Your skirt is too short. It (has to) Sports shoes ‘except during the PE lesson. (should not) Comice to school or they will be confiscated, (must not) Books back in their original place after use. (must)ee 7G MC cloze t i Anson is chatting online with his friend Mandy. Read the conversation and tick the best answers. Mandy: | heard that you wanted to quit school. what _(1) __ to you? Anson : | find the school rules too harsh. Today, the Discipline Head _(2) _ me a penalty point because of my long hair. Mandy: Umm...in fact, boys in other schools _(3) to keep their hair short for tidiness as well. ifstudents (4) _ by any rules, the schoo! will lose control of the students, and the learning environment __(5) ] | Anson : Yes, you're right. | Mandy: Rules are crucial in maintaining order. For example, my neighbour (6)__ many times for playing music loudly at midnight. But he often | | ignores the complaints. Last month, the security guard reminded him that the volume of his music_(7) _ down after midnight. But he still ignored the reminder. Anson: __(8) he __(8) __ any warning letter afterwards? Mandy: Yes. Since he didn’t make any improvements, his tenancy _(9) _. so don’t get upset with the school rules. They're for your own good. =| Anson | A. happened 2. JA gives 3. [_] Aare required [_] B. is happened B. gave B. require C. was happened C. was given C. have required D. have happened D. had given [_] D. are not required 4. [_] A bind 5. [_] A. will affece 6. [_] A reported [_] B. are bound B. will be affected B. is reported C. have not bound D. are not bounded if A. should turn B. should not turn C. should be turned D. should not be turned C. will not affect D. will not be affected A. Did, give B. Is, given C. Was, given D. Has, given C. has been reported D. have been reported A. terminated B. will terminate CC. has terminated D, was terminated @a&7H Blanks X% te Anson has received a circular from his principal. Read the circular. Then fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given verbs. Circular no. 13, 1 February 2008 To: All students From: Mr Raymond Chan, The Principal RE: A Reminder of the School Rules Ithas come to my attention that many of you are not | following the school rules. I would like to remind you all of what you should and should not do. First, many students __(1)__ (catch) coming late recently. Some of them were late as they _(2) _ (stick) in traffic. I would like to remind you all that you _(3)__ (expect) to attive at school no later _ than 7:30 am. If you do not want to__(4)__ (stick) in traffic, you will have to__(5)__ (leave) home earlier. Those who come to school late twice __(6)___ (give) a penalty point. If you __(7) _ (receive) more than three penalty points, I (8)___ (inform) your parents of it. Second, sweaters in colours other than black __(9) (not permit). Yesterday, a student (10) _ (find) wearing a track suit to school. I want to reiterate that track s (11) _ (can, wear) during PE lessons only, You _(12) _ (should, come) to school in i proper uniform. Accessories such as earrings _ (13) | (should not, wear) to school. Ifyou (14) _ (find) wearing them, they _(15)__ (take) away. j F You _(16)__ (encourage) to read the school rules thoroughly. You _(17) _ (can, find) them in your student | handbook. If you are not clear about any of the school rules, | feel free to ask your class teacher. 1. 2. 3. 4 5. 6 7. 8, 9. 10. ll. 12, 13. 14, 15. 16. 7. have been caught71 News report Ue ve admit announce give _like make — nominate Katie, a reporter for the school newspaper, has just interviewed the Best Student of the Year. Help her complete part of the news report with the given verbs in the passive voice. 5 say select ‘Good Mountain College Nowspapor May 2008 Natalie Chan Awarded Best Student of the Year “The best student should behave well and have brilliant performance in both studies and extra curricular activities,’ Natalie said. R=Reporter N= Natalie R: Congratulations! You 1, have been Selected as the Best Student of the Year. How do you feel? N: I'm really happy to receive this honour. R: This medal is very heavy. 2. (gold) N: No, I think it’s made of bronze. R: 3. (How many students) for the award? N: Fourteen. Two from each form R: Ise. 4. that our Principal has nominated you to compete with students from other schools for Outstanding Students Award. N: Yes, you're right. 5. By Katie Chan (The results, next month) I'm getting very excited. R: Do you know Amy Tang? She was one of the outstanding students last year. N: Sure. She’ friendly and intelligent. She 6. (many schoolmates and teachers). 7. (She, a scholarship, last year), and she’s studying in a secondary school in the UK now. R: Theard that she has applied for the University of London. 8. to the university yer? N: Yes. She's just got an offer. R: That's great, Now I'd like to know more about how you feel about ‘the best student’...