ASSET MANAGEMENT FOR ROADS

Eliza Rosmaya P, Ph.D

PROGRAM MAGISTER SISTEM DAN TEKNIK JALAN RAYA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK SIPIL DAN LINGKUNGAN
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG
2023
 Infrastructure Life Cycle
Project Life Cycle

Project Engineering Use

Need Planning Construction Disposal
formulation and design management
process process process
process process process

User Project Project Project Facility Facility

Requirements Feasibility Engineering Field engineering use and demolition
And scope And design And construction management Or conversion

Awareness Project Project Full Project Project Fulfillment

of need Concept Scope description Completion and Of need
formulation definition Acceptance
For use
Infrastructure Asset Life Cycle
Life cycle
cost
 Expected Service
Infrastructure Facility and Components
Life

Typical Expectations of Airports Buildings/structures Up to 150 years

Runways/ taxiways/ Up to 50 years
Infrastructure Service Life Bridges
aprons
Decks Up to 50 years

Service life is the period in years from the Substructure/ Up to 125 years
superstructure
time of completion of the facility to the
time when the complete facility or its Tunnels (for auto traffic, Up to 200 years
water)
components are expected to reach a state
where it cannot provide acceptable service Ports, rail, and (Concrete/steel/ Up to 300 years
intermodal facilities stone construction)
because of:
◦ Physical deterioration, Public buildings and (Concrete/steel/ Up to 300 years
◦ Poor performance, sports complexes brick construction)
◦ Functional obsolescence, or
Electricity (Concrete/steel Up to 400 years
◦ Unacceptably high-operating costs. Transmission/ construction)
Telephone lines
Nuclear power (Concrete/steel 500 years or more
Note. ESL can also be expressed in terms of load repetitions
plants construction)
Hydraulic dams (Concrete/steel 300 years or more
construction)
Source: Uddin, 2013
Infrastructure Service Life
Infrastructure service life depends on:
▪ design and construction methods,
▪ usage and environment, and
▪ in-service maintenance and operation services.

Maintenance history has a significant influence on total service life.

▪ An adequate maintained facility will have a better probability to
extended service life, as compared to a poorly maintained facilities.
 Roads: a huge
assets which
provides large
benefits to the
society
vs.
Consequences of
delaying road
maintenance
Source: SABITA, Advancing the public interest: Why you need to maintain
surfaced roads, Cape Town, 2012
Agus Taufik Mulyono, Ketua Presidium
Masyarakat Transportasi Indonesia yang juga
Guru Besar Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gajah
Mada (UGM) dalam sebuah diskusi di Balai Besar
Pelaksana Jalan Nasional (BBPJN) VIII, Rabu
(26/1/2017)
 From Short-term spending
to Road Asset Management
Traditional Approach

Preventive Approach

Road Asset Management Approach

The Traditional Approach
Traditional budgeting is thinking in spending from year to
year. It allows politicians to react by changing priorities
annually.
It often takes years before the consequences of investments decisions become visible to the
public – which is longer than the standard duration of a legislative period. This traditional
approach provides little transparency and short term spending process.

Disadvantages:
◦ In annual budgeting, money is not spent in
infrastructure when the infrastructure needs it
most, but when it is available.
Due to the lack of reliable data on the condition of the roads and the absence of a
sound based calculation on future mid- and long- term investment requirements, it
is difficult to make the decisions necessary to properly maintain the infrastructure.
And it’s even more challenging to integrate other political objectives like noise
reduction and road safety.

◦ Maintenance and Management Costs of

infrastructure are not optimized over the life-time
of the roads.
Insufficient maintenance can no doubt generate deterioration of infrastructure but
also increases the safety risks for road users. Source: ERF 2013
 The preventive approach offers advantages
Preventive Approach regarding cost-efficiency, road safety or noise
reduction.
It is beneficial to public spending, because the costs of
preserving a good quality network are optimized in the long run.
The following diagram demonstrates that, by committing regular
funding and taking regular action, the total cost is significantly
less than waiting for major decline in standards.

Preventive maintenance has to be explained well,

in particular the fact that roads require
maintenance, although they might seem to be in a
good condition.
To achieve this, reliable figures and data related to the condition
of the roads and costs of different measures are necessary.
A common understanding on objectives and strategies in
infrastructure policy is required.

In most countries, regions and municipalities, this

is not the case.
Only some authorities have already established a register of the
elements of their road infrastructure and their condition.
Other are more advanced and have a precise picture of their
road asset, its depreciation, and consequently their maintenance
objectives, as well as short and long term strategies, are more
Source: ERF 2013 clearly defined.
The strategic Transportation Asset Management (TAM) Process
approach - Road Asset Goals and Objectives

Management Asset Inventory

Condition Assessment and

Investment Needs Modeling

Alternatives Evaluation and

Program Optimization

Maintenance and modernization are the key Short- and Long-Range Plans Budget /
issues of Road Asset Management. It is a (Project Selection) Allocations
systematic and permanent process aiming at
cost effective maintenance, upgrading and Program Implementation
operation of physical assets.
Asset Management combines engineering disciplines with solid
business practices and financial theories. In this way, Road Asset Performance Monitoring
Management can help achieve sustainable and effective
management of a safe and efficient road network. TAM process as promoted by AASHTO and FHWA
IAM Plan 10 step-process
Full inventory:
Elements of road infrastructure
Model of Pavement’s History
Existing Simplification Model
 Typical of Pavement Structure
Flexible Pavement Rigid Pavement
20 years 50 years
Diagnosis on
the condition of
road network
Ex. According to major
indexes:
- Conformity index
- Safety index
- Asset index
Intervention
programming
table
with
prioritization
and costs
related
 Quantified
assessment for the
preservation and
the modernization
of the network
The final delivery included a complete
quantified assessment, both strategic
and operational, for the preservation,
the adaptation and the modernization
of the road network asset of the
Department.
 RAM has to consider that the quality of roads is influencing
some other political objectives, which have to be reflected in
Develop the the set of actions.
process by When developing the process in further steps, you have to
fix a set of objectives and prioritizing them.
incorporating RAM should identify and prioritize measures and their
decisive criteria contribution to specific objectives like: (see next slide)
 Physical Conditions of Pavement

Depression (amblas) Patching (Tambalan) Segregasi

Bleeding Perbedaan Elevasi Overlay Water Ponding Long & Trans Cracking Joint Seal Damage (Kerusakan Penutup Sambungan)
 Other Parameter of Road Performance
Kecepatan
Skid resistance (kekesatan)
Derajat kejenuhan (DS)

International Roughness Index (IRI)

Waktu perjalanan Kapasitas (Volume)

Tundaan
Antrian
Accessibility and Mobilities
◦ Efficient handling of traffic evolution (avoiding congestion) The future trends in traffic demand
have to be considered
◦ Enabling changing patterns in mobility (co-modality, multi-modal approach) Roads must maintain
their essential role in the global future transport framework
◦ Urban concentration Roads must address the new intra- and inter- urban mobility challenges
◦ Avoid mitigation Regions with decreasing populations should be able to afford basic infrastructure
Safety
◦ Road Surface As the major interaction between the vehicle and the road, the surface must provide
high quality level (friction, no cracks or potholes)
◦ Markings and road signs It is essential that markings and road signs are kept to a minimum
performance level and are therefore timely renewed or replaced
◦ Road restraint systems These important life saving devices must be properly selected, installed and
maintained
◦ Vulnerable road users & ageing population The infrastructure must adapt to the specific needs and
requirement of these particular road users
◦ Forgiving roads A forgiving road is a road that gives the driver plenty of opportunity to recover from
mistakes so as to avoid a crash, or a road that ensures that when a mistake is made, it does not
result in a fatal and serious injury crash. An appropriate investment in road infrastructure
contributes to make roads more forgiving
Noise
◦ Road Surface The noise aspect should be considered in the road surface maintenance and improvement
process
◦ Noise reducing devices and systems In some cases the installation of noise reducing devices must be
considered as an additional requirement
Environmental Impact
◦ Reduce emissions Very often delayed maintenance causes urgent interventions which can generate traffic
congestion, and therefore increased CO2 emissions
◦ Sustainable infrastructure The road industry can provide more sustainable solutions and techniques (recycling,
local raw material supplies, durability, climate resilient materials…)

New developments
◦ Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) The infrastructure must accompany the development of the new intelligent
transport technologies (vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) systems…)
◦ New vehicles Road infrastructure must provide the required equipment for new types of vehicles (loading
stations…)

Sustainable funding
◦ Life cycle approach The process of fund allocation for the maintenance and improvement of the road
infrastructure must take into account the whole road life cycle
◦ Usage Cost Poorly maintained roads will also result in increased costs for taxpayers, users (accidents, damages
to vehicles and the use of more fuel) and consumers (e.g. increased transport costs of goods)
Understanding how our assets fail
Understanding how our assets fail
Experience indicates…

• Failure can be subjected to

systematic study – a science
• 30-70% of equipment
maintenance activity is typically
misdirected – it is not cost
effectively deterring failure
Understanding how our assets fail
From the science of failure - tools for proactive management
Root cause analysis
Failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA)
Condition-based monitoring, failure/survival curves
Predictive maintenance (PdM)
Proactive maintenance (zero breakdown, reliability centered maintenance,
total productive maintenance)
Reliability centered management (design, O&M)
IAM is all about managing the potential to fail
Our investment toolkit
Maintenance
Renewal:
• Major Repair – repair beyond normal periodic maintenance, relatively minor in nature,
anticipated in the long-term operation of the asset; no enhancement of capabilities; typically
funded by operating budget
• Refurbish/Rehabilitate– replacement of a component part or parts or equivalent intervention
sufficient to return the asset to level of performance above minimum acceptable level; may
include minor enhancement of capabilities; typically funded out of capital budgets
• Replace
◦ Without enhancement – substitution of an entire asset with a new or equivalent asset without
enhancement of capabilities
◦ With enhancement - substitution of an entire asset with a new or equivalent asset with enhanced
capabilities
Augmentation
Failure mode-based management logic
Determining ―significant failures
The Big Picture
AM Oriented structure
Overcoming the backlog and implementing Road Asset
Management (RAM) benefit the whole society by:
Improving decision making with better data and providing transparency to all
stakeholders
• Ensuring mobility and its benefits to society in the long run
• Preserving a quality of roads contributing to all relevant objectives of society
• Managing your network in a highly efficient way according to your objectives,
strategies and priorities
• Ensuring that the preservation of this huge financial asset is preserved for the
future generations
A paradigm
shift…
Transition from building and
operating to managing assets
❑ Extending asset life
❑ Optimizing maintenance
and renewal
❑ Developing accurate long-
term funding strategies
❑ Sustain long term
performance