A Detailed Lesson Plan in Teaching

Mathematics 10

I. Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the students are able to:

A. derive the distance formula;

B. appreciate the importance of the use of distance formula through board work
activity; and
C. apply the distance formula in finding the distance between two points.

II. Topic: The Distance Formula

III. Materials:

A. Reference’s Book
1. Mathematics Learner’s Module 10, Pages 229 - 237

B. Visual Materials
1. Book
2. Picture
3. Cartolina Strips
IV. Lesson Proper
Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

I. Preliminary Activities
A. Prayer

May, I request everybody to

stand, for us to start the class with a
prayer. Mica please lead the prayer. Yes teacher.
Our Father, Who art in heaven,
Hallowed be Thy Name.
Thy Kingdom comes.
Thy Will be done,
on earth as it is in Heaven.

Give us this day our daily bread.

And forgive us our trespasses,
 as we forgive those who trespass
against us. And lead us not into
temptation, but deliver us from evil.
Amen.
Amen!

1. Greetings

Good morning class!

You may pick up pieces of paper Good morning, Ma’am,

under your tables and chairs
before you seat.

2. Checking of attendance

Is their absent in the class

absent today?

Very good! Keep it up class. None Ma’am!

3. Setting of classroom rules

Before we start our class, I want

Mia to recite the classroom rules
that been agreed.
It has been agreed that no uses of cell
phone during classes and if ever
someone will be catch using first offense
100 sentences of "I promise, I will never
use cellphone in class again." 2nd
offense 200 sentences and 3rd offense
300 sentences and so on and so forth.

Are we good with that?

Yes, Ma'am.
4. Review of the Past Lesson
I have here illustration in the
board can anyone tell me what is
this called? This is just a review for
your past lessons.
 A graph, Ma'am!
Yes, you’re right yet I am
asking what is this called? Michael
X and y axis, Ma'am!
Yes, it can be! What else?
Cartesian Plane, Ma'am!
Excellent! Cartesian plane is
composed of how many
quadrants?
It is composed of 4 quadrants Ma’am!
Very good! I’m glad that you
still remembered it. May I know if
what is these 4 quadrants all
about. The 4 quadrants are represented by x
and y which differ in sign depending to
its location. Quadrant 1 positive x and y
axis, Quadrant 2 negative x axis and
positive y axis, Quadrant 3 negative
both x and y axis and lastly Quadrant 4
positive x axis and negative y axis.

Correct! what is the use of this

Cartesian plane? It is use in plotting points by just
locating the coordinates.

Very good! Where can you

say that in the given coordinates
it is in the x axis and y axis? The first number written in an ordered
pair is always in the x axis and the other
one is in the y axis.

Excellent, Lyneth!

Are we clear with all of that? Yes, Ma'am!

B. Activity

At this moment, I want you to

focus and investigate the picture.

What can you see in the picture?

It shows the seating arrangement of the
students.
Yes, very good! How many rows
and columns it has?
It has 3 rows and 3 columns.
Very good! Now, if we are going to
plot these into the graph what it might
look like?

Excellent! Can you give me the

coordinates of Juan’s location? Rhia.
Juan’s location (1, 1).
Correct! How about Juana?
Juana’s location (3,2).
Very good! Now can you
determine how far is Juana to Juan?
No, ma’am.
 Aren’t you curious?
We are ma’am.

Try to look at this illustration.

What did you observe?

A triangle is form out of the location of
Juan and Juana.
Precisely, very good observation.
What kind of triangle is this one? Carl.
A right triangle.
Yes, correct! Do you still
remember the theorem that deals
with right triangle? Jake.
Pythagorean Theorem ma’am.
Very good! Can you tell when is a
triangle called right triangle? Janice.
It is called right triangle if and only if
one angle measures 90 degree.
Excellent! Now do you still
remember the standard equation of
Pythagorean theorem? Mike.
Yes ma’am, c2 = a2 + b2 where side C
is the hypotenuse the larger side of the
triangle.
Very good! Now going back to our
illustration, can you tell me what side
is the C? Shane.
 C

Correct, how about the a and b?

John.

B
Yes, it is and it also can be enter
change. Now can we determine the
distance out of it?
Yes, ma’am. If we use the
Pythagorean theorem formula.
Ok! Can you show that to class
Jane.
c2 = (2-1)2 + (3-1)2
= (1)2 + (2)2
=1+4
c2 = 5
√𝑐𝑐 2 = √5
c = √5

Excellent! Very well understood.

C. Analysis
What have you notice to the
illustrations I have presented? Gina.
I notice that we are plotting points in
the graph.
Very good. What else? Lyneth.
We try to determine the distance of
two point by using the Pythagorean
theorem.
Excellent! Now, what do you think
is our topic for today? Mike.
Our topic is all about the determining
the distance of two points.
Correct! It is all about using
distance formula in determining the
distance of two points.

D. Abstraction

Now, be attentive and take note as

we go on to our discussion. John, can
you tell us again the formula of
Pythagorean theorem?
c2 = a2 + b2 ma’am where c is the
hypotenuse.
Very good! In the solution you
show earlier what letter represent the
distance of point A and point B?
C ma’am.
Correct!

Using the Pythagorean Theorem,

we have: 𝑑𝑑2=𝑎𝑎2+𝑏𝑏2
𝑑𝑑2=(𝑦𝑦2−𝑦𝑦1)2+(𝑥𝑥2−𝑥𝑥1)2
Taking the square roots of both sides
of the equation:
√𝑑𝑑2=√(𝑦𝑦2−𝑦𝑦1)2+(𝑥𝑥2−𝑥𝑥1)2
𝑑𝑑=√(𝑦𝑦2−𝑦𝑦1)2+(𝑥𝑥2−𝑥𝑥1)2

Do you understand?

Very good! Ok to check if you Yes, ma’am.

really understand let’s have this
example.

Example:Plot and solve the distance

between the points E (1, 1) and R
(2,4) in the coordinate plane.
Try to solve this one on y1our
notes I’ll give you 2 minutes. To make
it easier assign your coordinates
which set is the x1 and y1 and the x2
and y2.

Jake locate the coordinate of point Ok ma’am!

E in the graph, Gina locate the point
E and Jamaila solve the distance of
the two points.

E (1,1) and R (2,4)

X1=1 and y1=1;
and x2=2 and y2=4

𝐝𝐝=√(𝐱𝐱𝟐𝟐−𝐱𝐱𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐+(𝐲𝐲𝟐𝟐−𝐲𝐲𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐
d=√(2−1)2+(4−1)2
 d=√(1)2+(3)2
d=√1+9
Ok thank you, let us check it d=√10
together.

(Checking their work)

Very good! You really understood

the concept.

E. Application

This time I want you to get your

lecture notebook and answer the
following and will check it afterwards.
I will give you 5 minutes to solve.

Solve the following:

1. Find the distance between P (1,3) and
Q (7,11).
2. Determine the distance between A
(1,6) and B (5, -2).

Are you all done?

Katherine solve for number 1 and Yes, ma’am!

Rogem for number 2.

1.|PQ|=√(𝐱𝐱𝟐𝟐−𝐱𝐱𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐+(𝐲𝐲𝟐𝟐−𝐲𝐲𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐
x1 = 1 , y1 = 3 and x2 = 7 , y2 = 11
|PQ|=√ (7−1)𝟐𝟐+(11−3)𝟐𝟐
=√ (6)𝟐𝟐+(8)𝟐𝟐
=√ 36 + 64
=√ 100
|PQ| = 10

2.|AB|=√(𝐱𝐱𝟐𝟐−𝐱𝐱𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐+(𝐲𝐲𝟐𝟐−𝐲𝐲𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐
x1 = 1 , y1 = 6 and x2 = 5 , y2 = -2
|AB|=√ (5−1)𝟐𝟐+(-2−6)𝟐𝟐
 =√ (4)𝟐𝟐+(-8)𝟐𝟐
=√ 16 + 64
=√ 80
=√ 16 * 5
Ok thank you, Rogem and |PQ| = 4√5
Katherine.Let us check their solution.

F. Valuing

It seems all of you understand

and get the idea in finding the
distance of two end points by using
the distance formula, can someone
tell me how is our topic relevant in
our daily living? John.
The relevant of our topic in our daily
living is, I can able to measure the
distance, I go from the distance I came.

Very good! Who else? Gina.

It is used in navigation also ma’am
which helps pilot’s locate there co-pilot’s
coordinates.
Excellent!

G. Evaluation

Now kindly get your quiz notebook

and answer this one.

Find the distance

between each pair of
points on the coordinate
plane.
1. M (2, -3)
2.K (3, -3)
 H. Assignment
Given the illustration below identify
the two end points and find how the
middle point being identified.

Prepared by:

ANGELIE CALVO OCTAVIO

Student Teacher

Checked by:

RODELYN BENDEJO
Cooperating Teacher, Mathematics