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Practice Problems For Engineering Thermodynamics

This document provides the instructions and problems for a chemical engineering thermodynamics test on May 3, 2002. The test is open book/notes and 55 minutes long. Problem 1 has 4 multiple choice questions worth 1 point each about thermodynamic concepts. Problem 2 involves calculating activity coefficients and other properties for an acetone-chloroform azeotrope. Problem 3 asks students to derive expressions for activity coefficients from excess Gibbs energy data. Problem 4 deals with calculating fugacities and a Henry's law constant for propane solubility in water.

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47 views

Practice Problems For Engineering Thermodynamics

This document provides the instructions and problems for a chemical engineering thermodynamics test on May 3, 2002. The test is open book/notes and 55 minutes long. Problem 1 has 4 multiple choice questions worth 1 point each about thermodynamic concepts. Problem 2 involves calculating activity coefficients and other properties for an acetone-chloroform azeotrope. Problem 3 asks students to derive expressions for activity coefficients from excess Gibbs energy data. Problem 4 deals with calculating fugacities and a Henry's law constant for propane solubility in water.

Uploaded by

PM SH
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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10.

213 Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics


Spring 2002

Test 3
May 3, 2002
Open Book/Open Notes
55 Minutes

Instructions: Place your solution to each problem in a different blue book.

Problem 1 (20 points)


Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false (1 point each) and provide
suitable explanations and justifications for each of your answers (4 points each).
( )
a) ∑ xi dφˆi = 0 by the Gibbs-Duhem relationship.
b) S for an ideal solution = -R ∑ (xi ln xi ) in order to accommodate the effects of mixing (i.e.,
E

that S for a solution ≠ ∑ xi S i ).


c) Modified Raoult’s expression assumes that the interactions between molecules in the gas
phase and between molecules in the liquid phase are both zero.
d) At equilibrium, a flavoring ingredient dissolved in salad dressing (a phase of oil on a phase
of water) would have the same molar concentration.

Problem 2 (35 points)


At atmospheric pressure, acetone (1) and chloroform (2) form an azeotrope that boils at 64.6 ºC
and has a mole fraction of acetone in the liquid of 0.335. The saturation vapor pressures of
acetone and chloroform at 64.6 ºC are 1.31 and 0.98 atm, respectively.
a) Calculate the activity coefficients of acetone and chloroform at the azeotrope.
b) Determine a value for GE in kcal/mol for the azeotrope. If enthalpic factors were to dominate
in influencing GE for this system, would the adiabatic mixing of pure acetone with pure
chloroform (each at 64.6 ºC) to generate a solution at the composition of the azeotrope
produce a solution that was warmer or cooler than 64.6 ºC? If you were unable to solve part
a), assume that GE/RT = 2.
c) Using your values in part a), calculate the composition of the vapor over a liquid solution at
64.6 ºC that contains 12 mol percent acetone. Consider the van Laar equations, p.433 of
SVNA, to describe the behavior of this system and note that:
'  2
ln γ 2 A12 x1 
=  
ln γ 1 A21  x 2 
'

d) Calculate the total pressure over the solution at the condition of part c). If you do not have
numerical values from part c), you may assume the activity coefficient for acetone is 0.5 and
that for chloroform is 0.8.
Problem 3 (30 points)
In generating expressions from GE/RT from VLE data, a convenient approach is to plot values of
GE/RTx1x2 vs x1 and fitting the results with an appropriate function. Consider if such data were
fit by the expression: GE/RTx1x2 = A + Bx12.
a) From the assumed expression for GE/RT, provide expressions for ln γ1 and ln γ2 that are
functions of A, B, x1, and x2.
b) For your expressions in a), relate A and B to the parameters ln γ1∞ and ln γ2∞ noting your
approach. If you were unable to solve part a), you should still be able to provide an answer
to how you would solve this problem.
c) Provide a sketch of A + Bx12 on a graph of GE/RTx1x2 vs x1, noting the limiting locations of
ln γ1∞ and ln γ2∞ on this graph. Provide relationships for A and for B to ln γ1∞ and ln γ2∞ and
any other parameters needed using the plot.

.
Problem 4 (15 points)
A cylinder of propane (1) at 60 bar and 30 ºC contains some liquid water (2). The propane is
sparingly soluble in the water under these conditions. Assume that ln γ1 can be described by the
expression ln γ1 = Ax22. Note whether propane behaves as an ideal gas under these conditions
and where conditions of an ideal solution in the gas phase apply. The saturation pressure of
propane at this temperature is 10.8 bar.
a) What is the fugacity of propane in either phase?
b) Provide a value for the Henry’s law constant for propane in water at this pressure that is a
function only of A. (Hint: consider how fugacities are expressed in Henry’s Law and in the
modified Raoult expression.)

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