TECHNICAL TOPIC ABOUT BLUETOOTH

TECHNOLOGY
Submitted by

M.Madhavan

Department of Eletrical and Electronics Engineering

Anna University

ABSTRACT :
• Definition
• Introduction
• Basics of Bluetooth
• Architecture
DEFINITION :
Bluetooth technology eliminates the need for numerous and inconvenient cable
attachments for connecting fixed computers, mobile phones, mobile computers, handheld
devices, digital cameras and even new breed of digital appliances. It delivers opportunities
for rapid ad hoc connections, and the possibility of automatic, unconscious, connections
between devices. It creates the possibility of using mobile data in a variety of
applications.However, we believe that the most compelling application for Bluetooth is the
always-on Internet access at homes, offices, and public locations through a Bluetooth
Internet Access Point. Pico Communications Inc. develops such Bluetooth Internet Access
Point products for the home, office, and public locations where users can access Internet
with their Bluetooth-enabled notebook, PDA, or Smart Phone.

INTRODUCTION :
Bluetooth wireless technology is a worldwide industry standard that enables point-
to-multipoint, low-power, wireless connectivity between PCs, PDAs, mobile phones and
other portable devices and connections from those devices to the LAN and Internet. The
Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) includes promoter companies such as 3Com,
Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Lucent, Microsoft, Motorola, Nokia and Toshiba, and over 2800 other
adopter/associate member companies.Bluetooth operates in the license-free 2.4GHz ISM
band at a link range of 10 meters. With improved transmission power and receiving
sensitivity the range can be increased up to 100 meters. Bluetooth is expected to be a
standard feature on the next generation Smart Phones, PDAs and computers Bluetooth
wireless technology is revolutionizing personal connectivity by providing freedom from
wired connections.? Bluetooth is also revolutionizing wireless networking by providing
stronger security, better resistance to interference and longer battery life than other
wireless technologies. These features, in combination with the lower costs of Bluetooth
technology, make it the ideal solution for handheld wireless networking.With a Bluetooth
handheld, you can connect to your information where you want, when you want. Whether
you're managing your schedule, accessing email, or sending an instant message to a friend,
Bluetooth technology allows you to take advantage of the best network available at the
time. When out of the office, you can use your handheld to connect to a wide area data
network through your Bluetooth-enabled mobile phone. Or you can connect at your local
Bluetooth "hot spot." In the office, you can switch to Pico's Bluetooth local area network to
get even faster speeds with no airtime charges.Bluetooth technology allows you to connect
from anywhere and that means you can do more with your life .

BASICS of BLUETOOTH :
Bluetooth is short-range radio technologies that enable wireless connectivity
between mobile devices. Design-wise, the three main goals for Bluetooth were: small size,
minimal power consumption, and low price. The technology was designed to be simple, and
the target was to have it become a de facto standard in wireless connectivity. Bluetooth
radio operates in the unlicensed ISM band at 2.4 GHz .In some countries, this band is
reserved for military use, but these countries have now begun freeing that band for general
use. The maximum gross data rate is 1 Mbps. The range of Bluetooth depends on the power
class of the radio. Most devices are expected to use the class 2 radio that provides 0 dBm
nominal output power, resulting in a range of up to 10 meters in an obstacle-free
environment.

ARCHITECTURE :
Software :
Seeking to extend the compatibility of Bluetooth devices, the devices that adhere to
the standard use an interface called HCI (Host Controller Interface) between the host device
(e.g. laptop, phone) and the Bluetooth device (e.g. Bluetooth wireless headset).High-level
protocols such as the SDP (Protocol used to find other Bluetooth devices within the
communication range, also responsible for detecting the function of devices in range),
RFCOMM (Protocol used to emulate serial port connections) and TCS (Telephony control
protocol) interact with the baseband controller through the L2CAP Protocol (Logical Link
Control and Adaptation Protocol). The L2CAP protocol is responsible for the segmentation
and reassembly of the packets.

Hardware :
The hardware that makes up the Bluetooth device is made up of, logically, two parts;
which may or may not be physically separate. A radio device, responsible for modulating
and transmitting the signal; and a digital controller. The digital controller is likely a CPU, one
of whose functions is to run a Link Controller; and interfaces with the host device; but some
functions may be delegated to hardware. The Link Controller is responsible for the
processing of the baseband and the management of ARQ and physical layer FEC protocols.
In addition, it handles the transfer functions, audio coding (e.g. SBC (codec)) and data
encryption. The CPU of the device is responsible for attending the instructions related to
Bluetooth of the host device, in order to simplify its operation.