Future: 2) present simple; be about to; iviesconeunen usin arcs PW cyam cult [EP Janet is a university lecturer. She gets nervous when she gives talks at conferences. Look at the pictures. Which do you think would help Janet feel more confident and relaxed? [) Gi Listen to Janet's conversation with her colleague, Phil. What advice does Phil give her? (©) [ELListen again and complete the sentences below. Write no more than three words for each answer. 1 Janet . ..on the report all next week. 2 By the end of the year, Janet .... 3 When she gets to Rome, Janet .. 4. Before he gives his talk in London, Phi . 5 Janet is in a hurry because the train to the airport .. the same talk at six conferences. [EP Look at the sentences used in Exercise 3 and answer these questions. 1. Which sentences talk about events that will be over before a time in the future? 2 Which sentences talk about events or situations in progress at a particular time in the future? .. 3 Which sentence talks about a scheduled event? ....tice ERC rls 1 Present simple We use the present simple with a future meaning ¢ to talk about timetables or schedules: ‘The conference only lasts three days. ‘The train to the airport leaves in 20 minutes. © after conjunctions such as when, as soon as, after, before, until, as long as: I'l be feeling really nervous when I get tq Rome. (not i ‘when-Lwill-get-to-Rome) Can you do ie before we have the departmental meeting? (not -before-we-will have-the- meeting) Note that other present tenses are also possible: Twon't be able to relax until ’m actually giving my talk. 2 Be about to BN) amis/are about to +verh ‘I'm about to go t0 Rome. =) am/is/are not about to + verb I'm not about 20 go to Rome. 2) am/islare ..+ verb? ‘Are you about to go to Rome? We use he about to to talk about something likely to happen in the immediate future: I’'m about to go to Rome for a conference. (I will be leaving very soon) 4 The negative form suggests the speaker has no intention of doing something: I’m not about to cancel my trip. (= I have no intention of cancelling my trip) 3 Future continuous will be + verb + -ing It be fooling nervous. will not (wont) be + verb + ing She won't be fooling nervous. will... be + verb + ing? Will you be feeling nervous? We use the future continuous # to describe or predict events or situations continuing at a particular point in the future or over a period of time in the fucure: Dll be working on the report all next week. I'l be working on the report | PLDLPDDLDI DT Now NEXT WEEK © I'll be thinking of you in Rome. By the year 2015 it is estimated that well over one billion people will be learning English. © to talk about events that are planned or already decided (this use is similar to the present continuous for future arrangements): PU he seeing Sarch at lunch.4 Future perfect simple ‘will have + past participle PU have done it by then. ‘wil not (wont) have + past participle — i/e won't have done it by then. ‘will... + have + past participle? Wall you have done it hy then? We use the future perfect simple to talk about a future event that will finish before a specified time in the future, often with before, by + fixed time, or in + amount of time: By the end of the year I will have given the same talk at 6 conferences! Il have finished it by next Friday. In a week's time 'U have written the report. 5 Future perfect continuous ‘will have been + verb + -ing I'l have been studying here for three months. ‘will not (won') have been + verb +-ing Wi won's have been srudying here for lone. ‘will .. + have been + verb + -ing? How long will you have been studying here? We use the future perfect continuous to show how long an activity or situation has been in progress before a specified time in the future. We usually mention the length of time: By the end of the month I'll have been working here for three years. Grammar extra: The future in the past We use was/were going to, was/were planning to, was/were about to + verb to talk something planned which did not or will not happen: I was going to leave this morning but they cancelled my flight. We were about to leave when the phone rang.aes The following chart shows the results of a class survey about planned activities for Saturday afternoon. Complete the sentences using the future continuous tense. Class plans for Saturday afternoon do sport play read books watch w study rest see friends computer games 1 Twelve students ...Wll be. 2. The students 3. The largest group of students 4 A similar number of students 5 Avery small number of students 6 Approximately 15 students “iching.“IV., on Saturday afternoon. books on Saturday. this Saturday afternoon. _.... this weekend. and .. this weekend. Write what you will be doing at the following times. 7 At six o'clock tomorrow I'll . 8 Next Saturday afternoon I won’t 9 On Sunday morning . 10 Ina year’s time ...[Py Read the following projections about the future population of Australia. Population projections According to the latest available projections (which are based on several combinations of assumptions reflecting past trends in births, deaths and migration), the total population of Australia is likely to have increased to | between 22.3 and 23.3 million by 2021. The projected population will increase at a declining rate. The average annual growth rate is predicted to be between 0.5 and 0.8 during 2011-2021. Without overseas migration, the projected total population should peak at about 23.3 million in 2041, and then start to decline marginally. | Age distribution ‘The projected population will age progressively due to the increasing proportion of the elderly (aged 65 years or more) and the decreasing proportion of children (aged under 15 years). In brief, the number of persons aged under 15 | is projected to be between 3.7 and 4.1 million in 2031; the population of working age (15-64 years) is projected to increase to between 14.4 and 15.0 |___ million in 2031; and the number of persons aged 65 years or more is projected | to increase to between 2.94 and 2.98 million in 2031. The projections also show significant increases in the number of persons aged 80 years or more. Write the verbs in brackets in the future perfect tense. Then choose the correct ending for each sentence. 1 By the year 2021 the population of a by the early 2040s. 2 The population of Australia b to almost 2.98 million. (peak) 3. By the year 2031 the number of children ¢ a maximum of 23.3 million. aged under 15 . _. (rise) 4 By 2031 the number of people of working to between 3.7 and 4.1 million. age in Australia (grow) 5. By 2031 the number of people aged 65 significantly. and over _. (go up) 6 By the year 2031 the number of people f to around 15 million. aged over 80...... _ (increase) 52Ee in six of these sentences there is a verb in the wrong tense, Underline each mistake and write the correction. 1. When Ill find the answer Tillet you know. . 2 My exams finish on 27th June, 3 Tbe fine in the intenew aslong as they won't ck fechrical pation 4. What tine is your meeting about fo start tomorrow? 5 6 7 8 Tthandin my notice for this job after Tl get the contract for my new one... Titext you before we set off... w= The bus doeart ore unt 730 nthe evening oo Te got ny sche for the Japen tia We'e about 40 fy o Tokyo a 10 am on Money. re then ‘travel by train to Kyoto for one right 9 The moment I receive my resutts I'l phone you B Film the gaps with a future form from this unit and the yerbe in brackets Teacher: What ...\!!| yo. be dora. (1 you/do) this time next year? Student 1: Well, that’s difficult to say but I hope that I the world. Before then I . (3 hopefully/save up) enough money for the ticket. I plan to end up in Australia and when I (4 get) there Pll get a job and earn some money. So, in a (5 probably/travel) for a few months already. I (6 visit) quite a lot of different countries by Teacher: What do you plan to do when you graduate? Student 2: Well, my plans have changed a bit. 1....... (7 do) a journalism course, but I didn’t get accepted. So I've sorted something else out and I . (8 start) a hospitality course tomorrow, actually. It’s for six months, s0 I... _.. (9 not/finish) in time to go travelling next spring, unfortunately. However, as soon as I... (10 find out) if P've passed the course, I can apply for a job in a hotel in Australia.