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The document discusses several key biological concepts including inbreeding to maintain traits, genetic engineering techniques like recombinant DNA technology, and forms of asexual reproduction like fragmentation and transverse fission. It also mentions sexual reproduction using gametes, the process of binary fusion, and examples of response to stimuli in plants and color adaptation in chameleons. Finally, it provides examples of evolutionary conservation across organisms and specialized structures in bats that describe form and function.

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Keren Missha Lagartera
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21 views

ELS Reviewer

The document discusses several key biological concepts including inbreeding to maintain traits, genetic engineering techniques like recombinant DNA technology, and forms of asexual reproduction like fragmentation and transverse fission. It also mentions sexual reproduction using gametes, the process of binary fusion, and examples of response to stimuli in plants and color adaptation in chameleons. Finally, it provides examples of evolutionary conservation across organisms and specialized structures in bats that describe form and function.

Uploaded by

Keren Missha Lagartera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inbreeding- process of breeding an organism that are genetically similar to maintain desired traits.

It
keeps each breed unique from others

Recombinant technology- ancient practice of genetic engineering

Selection of the perfect enzymes with which the gene must be integrated- to produce recombinant DNA

Genetic engineering- An applied science of manipulating the genetic material of an organism through
artificial selection and biomedical techniques

Fragmentation- Flat worms (planarians) divides into two, leaving one piece headless and the other
tailless each piece grows the missing body parts

Transverse fission- involves direct reproduction in which each portion regenerates missing parts to
become a complete new animal depending on the ads of separation

Gametes- Sperm cell and egg cell are used in sexual reproduction among animals

Occur with only one parent involve- sexual reproduction

Binary fusion- A certain organism was cut and divides into two, leaving one piece headless and the other
tailless. After some time, each piece grows the missing body parts

Response to stimuli- Makahiya plant closes its leaflets when touched

Unity of living systems is explained by evolutionary conservation- All organisms alive today have
descended from simple cellular creatures billions of years ago. Biologists were able to identify and
preserved some of the characteristics of that earliest organisms

Adaptation- Chameleons shift colors wherever they go. They are able to turn any colors or combine
colors depending on where the environment is

bats have wings specialized for flying- describes the unifying form and structure

leading to the left- One of the characteristics possessed by living organisms is growth and development.
This happens upon acquiring energy. When creating a food chain

give an idea for the medical team to discontinue the use of antibiotic resistant to that microorganism-
natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus aureus to evolve resistance to most
antibiotics.

Cells are microscopic and most have no parts to fossilize -finding and identifying signs of early cells

give an idea on how medical world will seek for the treatment -challenges that environment has been
facing Pandemics affected the lives of various living organisms

human beings- only surviving species and one of the living evidences that life have existed on Earth and
evolved from Homo erectus the past

Understanding the past allows to predict the future and help in creating it- main significance of studying
the past
The planet had cooled down enough to sustain life- take millions of years for life to appear on Earth
after the planet had formed

The evolution of cellular respiration, which used oxygen to help harvest energy organic molecules-
The oxygen revolution changed Earth's environment dramatically

Recombinant DNA technology- used for improving health condition by producing vaccines and
pharmaceuticals

Antibodies- proteins that fight off diseases

Inhale oxygen and exhale waste like carbon dioxide the main function of the respiratory system in a
body- main function of the respiratory system in a body

Respiratory and circulatory -two systems work together to ensure that oxygen reaches the bloodstream
and carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream

Endocrine- The pituitary gland, pineal gland, and thyroid gland

Endocrine and excretory systems- Our body needs to send urine out of the body

causes evaporation and carries away body heat- help maintain his body heat

Heart - organ provides the force needed to transport or move to move the blood

increased carbon dioxide in the blood can be removed by breathing faster -Riding a bicycle requires
additional energy from leg muscles

Founder effect- small population of organisms separates from the larger group to invade a new area

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck - theory of evolution, organisms change during their lifetime to survive then
pass these changes to their offspring

Organisms with more similar DNA are more closely related - a component of Darwin's original theory of
evolution

Evolution is the chances of organisms that function perfectly in their environment over time

Organisms arise by spontaneous generation -is not Lamarck's ideas about the process of evolution

The most likely fate of duplicated genes is that they accumulate point mutations and become
functionless pseudogenes -Mutation

Rapid phenotypic change in natural populations in response to changing environments - is NOT used by
scientists as evidence for evolution Disease NOT led to reproduction

The area in which living things interact with one another and with their environment -ecosystem

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