Surveying

Module 1 Project 1

PROBLEM SET WITH SOLUTIONS

Submitted by:

Rivera, Naomi Joyce C. | 2021102564

CE120-03 | A58

Submitted to:

ENGR. CIRILO JR. MORILLO

December 9, 2022

2nd Quarter 2022-2023

1. Slope distances AB & BC were measured and found to be 500 & 700 mtrs.,
respectively. If the difference in elevation between AB is 5m & the difference in
elevation between BC is -3m., determine the following:

a. ChAB ( correction due to slope for the distance AB)

b. ChBC ( correction due to slope for the distance BC)

c. HDAB ( horizontal distance AB)

d. HDBC ( horizontal distance BC)

e. ChAC ( total correction due to slope for the HDAC)

f. HDAC ( horizontal distance AC)

Figure:

Solution:
2. A surveyor using a 100-m. tape, measured a horizontal distance AB found to
be 400 m. long. The first pin was however stuck at 0.001 m. to the right of the line,
the second pin at .003 m. to the left of the line, the third at 0.005 m. to the left, and
the 4th was stuck at pt. B. Determine the following:

a. Ch1
b. Ch2
c. Ch3
d. Ch4
e. Chtotal
f. True length of the line m

Figure:
Solution:

3. A 100 ft. steel tape weighing 1.0 lb. is used in measuring a 3000 ft line. It is
supported at its end points and at the 15 & 45 ft marks. If a pull of 6.0 lbs. is
applied, determine the following:
a) Cross-sectional area of the tape (Weight density: 490 lbs = 1 cu.ft.
b) Correction due to sag for every unsupported distance.
1) between 0 and 15 ft marks
2) between 15 and 45 ft marks
3) between 45 and 100 ft marks
c) Total correction due to sag for 1 tape length
d) Total correction due to sag for total measured distance
e) True length of the measured line

Solution:
4. A 100 ft tape was used in laying out a 1000-ft line under a standard pull of
12 lbs.. If the applied pull is 8 lbs., E = 29x106 psi. & A = 0.041 in2, determine the
following:
a) Cp per tape length
b) Cp for the total laid out distance
c) True length of the line corrected for variation in pull or tension.
5. A surveyor using a 100-m tape measured a distance found out to be 2000 m long.
If the actual temperature during the measurement was 58C and the coefficient of
thermal expansion (K) is 0.0000116/C and standard temperature is 20C, determine
the following:
a. Ct per tape length
b. Ct for the total measured distance
c. True length of the line

Solution:
AREA MEASUREMENT QUESTIONS

1. In this problem the original ground surface has three different levels at A, B, and C,
and such sections are known as three-level section. The area of a three level-section
is given by the following expression.

Solution:

2. The length of a line originally 100 mm long on a map plotted to a scale of 1/1000,
was found to be 96 mm due to shrinkage of the map. The map prepared using a tape
of length 20 m was later found to be actually 20.03 m. If a certain area on the map,
measured using a planimeter, is 282 mm2, determine the correct area on the ground.
Solution:

3. A tract of land has three straight boundaries AB, BC, and CD. The fourth boundary
DA is irregular. The measured lengths are as under: AB = 135 m, BC = 191 m, CD = 126
m, BD = 255 m. The offsets measured outside the boundary DA to the irregular
boundary at a regular interval of 30 m from D, are as below:

Determine the area of the tract.

4. The area of an irregular boundary was measured using a planimeter. The initial and
final readings were 9.036 and 1.645, respectively. The zero mark on the dial passed
the index mark twice. The tracing point was moved in clockwise direction and
needlepoint was outside the plan. Calculate the area of the plan if the multiplying
constant of the planimeter is 100 cm2.

Solution:

5. Compute the area of cross-section if the formation width is 12 m, side slopes are
1 to 1, average height along the center line is 5 m, and the transverse slope of the
ground is 10 to 1.
Solution:
ELEVATION MEASUREMENT QUESTIONS

1. A line AB between the stations A and B was measured as 348.28 using a 20m
tape, too short by 0.05 m. Determine the correct length of AB, the reduced
horizontal length of AB if AB lay on a slope of 1 in 25, and the reading required to
produce a horizontal distance of 22.86 m between two pegs, one being 0.56 m
above the other.

Solution:
2. A base line was measured by tape suspended in catenary under a pull of 145N, the
mean temperature being 14°C. The lengths of various segments of the tape and the
difference in level of the two ends of a segment are given in Table 2.2.

If the tape was standardized on the flat under a pull of 95 N at 18°C determine the
correct length of the line. Take

Cross-sectional area of the tape = 3.35 mm2

Mass of the tape = 0.025 kg/m

Coefficient of linear expansion = 0.9 × 10–6 per °C

Young’s modulus = 14.8 × 104 MN/m2

Mean height of the line above M.S.L. = 51.76 m

Radius of earth = 6370 km

Solution:
3. It is proposed to widen a highway by increasing the gradient of the side slope to 1
in 1.5. The difference in level between the bottom and top of the embankment at a
critical section was measured as 15.0 m. The length of the embankment along the
side slope was measured as 29.872 m using a steel tape under a pull of 151 N at a
temperature of 27°C. Determine the additional road width which will be available
with the new slope. The tape was standardized on the flat at 18°C under a pull of 47
N. The cross-sectional area of the tape is 6.5 mm2, E = 20.8 × 104 MN/m2 and α =
1.1 × 10–5 per °C.

Solution:
4. The following tacheometric observations were made on two points P and Q from
station A.

The height of the tacheometer at A above the ground was 1.55 m. Determine the
elevations of P and Q if the elevation of A is 75.500 m. The stadia constant k and c
are respectively 100 and 0.00 m. Assuming that the standard error in stadia reading
is ± 1.6 mm and of vertical angle ± 1.5′, also calculate the standard errors of the
horizontal distances and height differences.
Solution:

5. To measure a line AB, a theodolite was set up at A and a subtense bar of length 2
m was set up at B. The horizontal angle measured at A for the subtense bar targets
was 4°02′26.4″. Determine the length of AB, the fractional error in the length AB if
the horizontal angle was measured with an accuracy of ± 1.5″, and the error in AB if
the subtense bar was out by 1° from being normal to AB.

Solution:
References
- Chandra, A. (2005). Surveying. Problem Solving with Theory and Objective
Type Questions. Retrieved December 9, 2022, from
https://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/surveying_problem_solving_0.pd
f
- Nk, B. (2022). Chapter 2 measurement of horizontal distances - chapter 2
measurement of horizontal distances. Retrieved December 9, 2022, from
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/eastern-visayas-state-university/eng
ineering-surveys/chapter-2-measurement-of-horizontal-distances/13232097
- University of Ottawa. (2020). Example Problem- Area problems and solutions.
Retrieved December 9, 2022, from
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-ottawa/surveying-and-
measurements/example-problem-area/18453723