雅思必备本领书

雅思阅读长难句练习和答案 p2-25
雅思阅读核心同义替换词汇 p26-36
雅思听力核心同义替换词汇 p37-43
雅思写作语法Q&A p44-53
雅思写作语法改错练习和答案 p54-72
雅思写作分类场景实用词汇库 p73-91
雅思写作高频短语句子翻译和答案 p92-102
雅思写作连接词总结 p103-108
雅思口语八面玲珑语料库 p109-113
雅思口语精选33句 p114-131
雅思口语高分句型 p132-137

成都·沐课教育
028-63921383

雅思 托福 PTE GRE GMAT SAT

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 剑桥雅思听力考点词真经

考点词 真

1 reserve [rI'z3;v] v. 预订 book

2 in advance 提前 ahead, before

must, should, need, require, necessary, be

3 have to 必须
supposed to, demand, order

4 adjust [J'dZVst] v. 调整；改变 change, alter, modify, shift, revert

5 and [Jnd] conj. 和 and also, as well as, with, in addition

6 but [bJt] conj. 但是 however, yet, instead

7 because [bI'kQz] conj. 因为 why, as a result, therefore, cause

a variety of, a number of, a range of, various,

8 diversity [daI'v3;sJtI] n. 多样性
different

money, cost, price, expense, budget, fund,

9 fee [fi;] n. 费用，花销
financial, economic

10 establish [I'st&blIS] v. 建造 build, create, construct, set up, install

11 transfer [tr&ns'f3;(r)] v. 搬，移动 move, relocate

12 habitat ['h&bIt&t] n. 栖息地 live, territory

international [%IntJ'n&SnJl] countries, continents, global

13
adj. 国际的

14 export [Ik'spO;t] v. 出口 abroad, overseas

15 vegetation [%vedZJ'teISn] n. 植被 plant, tree, forest, botanic

16 animal ['&nIml] n. 动物 mammal, wildlife, creature, species

17 feature ['fi;tSJ(r)] n. 特点 characteristic, trait, property

18 emigrate ['emIgreIt] v. 迁徙 move, go away

19 food [fu;d] n. 食物 feed on, eat

20 allergic [J'l3;dZIk] adj. 过敏的 can’t eat

21 fitness ['fItnJs] n. 健康 health, medical, sickness, illness, gym

22 tradition [trJ'dISn] n. 传统 custom, convention, local culture, lifestyle

entertainment [%entJ'teInmJnt] recreation, leisure

23
n. 娱乐

24 press [pres] n. 媒体 media, TV, newspaper, radio

25 online [%Qn'laIn] n. 网络 Internet, website

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剑桥雅思听力考点词真经（179听力考点词版）
 学以致用，雅思真经

26 publicity [pVb'lIsJtI] n. 宣传 website, media, news, marketing

27 picture ['pIktSJ(r)] n. 照片 photo, photograph, camera, image

rings, bracelets, necklaces, precious stones,

28 jewellery ['dZu;JlrI] n. 珠宝
gem, diamond, luxurious

29 artwork ['A;tw3;k] n. 艺术品 painting, drawing, craft

30 statue ['st&tSu;] n. 雕像 sculpture, carving

31 movie ['mu;vI] n. 电影 film, documentary, cinema

geology [dZI'QlJdZI] n. 地质学； cliff, fossil, rock, landscape

32
地质情况

33 countryside ['kVntrIsaId] adj. 乡村的 rural area

34 urban ['3;bJn] adj. 城市的 city, metropolitan

35 coastline ['kJUstlaIn] n. 海岸线 shore, seaside

environment [In'vaIrJnmJnt] neighbourhood, surrounding

36
n. 周围环境

37 noisy ['nOIzI] adj. 吵闹的 disturbing, not quiet

38 capacity [kJ'p&sJtI] n. 容量 volume, room, space, size

39 outdoor ['aUtdO;(r)] adj. 户外的 gardens, park, open air

accommodation [J%kQmJ'deISn] living, dwelling, dorm

40
n. 住宿

41 place [pleIs] n. 地点 where, spot, location, area

42 near [nIJ(r)] adj. 附近的 close, not far from, nearby

43 remote [rI'mJUt] adj. 偏远的 isolated, distant

44 advantage [Jd'vA;ntIdZ] n. 优点 benefit, positive, good thing, strength

disadvantage [%dIsJd'vA;ntIdZ] drawback, shortcoming, negative, problem

45
n. 缺点

46 education [%edZU'keISn] n. 教育 schools, colleges, institution

47 ordinary people 公众 people, inhabitants, the public, men and women

48 student ['stju;dnt] n. 学生 pupil, undergraduate, postgraduate

49 purpose ['p3;pJs] n. 目标 aim, goal, target, key areas

50 learn [l3;n] v. 学习 acquire, get, obtain

51 structure ['strVktSJ(r)] n. 结构大纲 outline, framework

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剑桥雅思听力考点词真经（179听力考点词版）
 剑桥雅思听力考点词真经

52 reference materials 参考资料 books, journals, magazines

53 extensive [Ik'stensIv] 广泛 comprehensive, a lot of, many

54 expertise [%eksp3;'ti;z] n. 能力，专长 ability, skill

55 group [gru;p] n. 团队 team

56 associate [J'sJUSIeIt] v. 与……相关 relate to, connect, link

57 approach [J'prJUtS] n. 方法 way, how, method

58 motivate ['mJUtIveIt] v. 鼓励，促进 encourage, stimulate, keep active, boost, help

59 improve [Im'pru;v] v. 提升 develop, promote

60 overlook [%JUvJ'lUk] v. 低估 underestimate, neglect

61 omit [J'mIt] v. 省掉 leave out, cancel

62 find [faInd] v. 发现 discover, detect, spot, see, sight

63 opportunity [%QpJ'tju;nJtI] n. 机会 chance, odds, hope

64 difficult ['dIfIkJlt] adj. 困难的 problem, hard, not easy, not simple

65 prevent [prI'vent] v. 阻止，避免 avoid, stop, escape, forbid, out of bounds

misunderstand [%mIsVndJ'st&nd] wrong idea, confuse, puzzle, perplex

66
v. 理解错误

67 try hard 努力 make efforts, hard working

68 feedback ['fI;db&k] n. 反馈 response, reaction, reply

69 affect [J'fekt] v. 影响 impact, influence, effect

70 analysis [J'n&lJsIs] n. 分析，认知 perspective, understand, perceive, know

71 result [rI'zVlt] n. 结果 outcome, consequence, conclusion

deal with, cope with, figure out, work out, take

72 handle ['h&ndl] v. 处理
care of

73 support [sJ'pO;t] n. 帮助 help, assistance, aid, tip

74 ideal [aI'di;Jl] adj. 完美的 perfect

75 rigorous ['rIgJrJs] adj. 严格的 strict, demanding

76 restrict [rI'strIkt] v. 限制 limit, not permit

77 similar ['sImJlJ(r)] adj. 相似的 like, compare

particular [pJ'tIkjJlJ(r)] adj. 特别 special, in particular, especially

78
的

79 copy ['kQpI] v. 重复 repeat, reproduce

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 学以致用，雅思真经

80 statistics [stJ'tIstIks] n. 统计学 data, figure

81 maximum ['m&ksImJm] n. 最大值 up to, at most

82 minimum ['mInImJm] n. 最小值 at least

83 initial [I'nISl] adj. 最初的，开始的 at first, start, begin, early on, premiere

just a few, a little, small, a small number of, not

84 limited ['lImItId] adj. 少量的
many, miniature

85 shorten ['SO;tn] v. 截短 cut down

86 decrease [dI'kri;s] v. 降低 lower, reduce, fewer, drop, fall, decrease

87 lack [l&k] n./v. 缺乏 shortage, insufficient, fewer, not enough

88 large [lA;dZ] adj. 大的 big, huge

89 amount of 大量 lots of, large quantities of, loads of

90 majority [mJ'dZQrJtI] n. 绝大部分 most

91 double ['dVbl] v. 两倍 twice

92 more than 超过 over, beyond, exceed, above

93 at present 当前 already, existing, currently, nowadays

94 update [%Vp'deIt] v. 更新 upgrade, up to date, more current, modern

95 newest ['nju;Ist] adj. 最新的 latest

96 soon [su;n] adv. 将来 later, in the future

97 out of date 过时的 old fashioned

ancient ['eInSJnt] adj. 古老的，过 medieval, in the past, once, historical, old,
98
去的 ancient, former

99 temporary ['temprJrI] adj. 暂时的 a short time

100 deadline ['dedlaIn] n. 截止时间 time pressure, on time

101 permanent ['p3;mJnJnt] adj. 长久的 long-lasting

102 more often 频繁 frequent

103 annual ['&njUJl] adj. 年度的 every year

104 every month 每个月 monthly, four weeks

105 every day 每天 daily

106 classify ['kl&sIfaI] v. 分类 category, sort, type, kind

107 entrance ['entrJns] n. 入口 access, main gate, door

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剑桥雅思听力考点词真经（179听力考点词版）
 108 behind [bI'haInd] prep. 在……后面 back, rear

109 below [bI'lJU] prep. 在……下面 under

110 beside [bI'saId] prep. 在……旁边 next to, near, border

111 available [J'veIlJbl] adj. 可用的 have, accessible, not close, open

112 boring ['bO;rIN] adj. 无趣的 not interesting, boredom

113 trend [trend] n. 倾向 possibility, likely, tendency

114 risky ['rIskI] adj. 危险的 dangerous, not safe, hazard

115 poisonous ['pOIzJnJs] adj. 有毒的 toxic, dangerous

116 warning ['wO;nIN] n. 警报 alarm, alert

117 care [keJ(r)] v. 谨慎 caution

118 steal [sti;l] v. 偷窃 theft

119 protect [prJ'tekt] v. 保护 safeguard, shelter, preserve

120 injury ['IndZJrI] n. 伤害 harm, hurt, damage, dangerous, frighten

121 military ['mIlJtrI] adj. 军事的 battle, weapon, not peaceful

122 tactics ['t&ktIks] n. 策略 strategy, method

123 rely on 依靠 depend on, count on

124 travel ['tr&vl] n. 旅行 tourism, trip, passenger, flight

125 space travel 空间旅行 aircraft, rocket, satellite

126 transport ['tr&nspO;t] n. 交通 vehicle, bus, train, boat, ship, ferry, subway

127 specific [spJ'sIfIk] adj. 具体的 detail, particular, example

128 request [rI'kwest] v. 询问 ask for, inquiry

129 clear [klIJ(r)] adj. 清晰地 definitive

130 freeze ['fri:z] v. 结冰 froze, ice, chill, cold

131 organization [%O;gJnaI'zeISn] n. 公司 business, company, corporation structure

132 organize ['O;gJnaIz] v. 组织，安排 arrange, plan

133 produce [prJ'dju;s] v. 产生 generate, make

administer [Jd'mInIstJ(r)] manage

134
v. 管理，治理

135 occupation [%QkjU'peISn] n. 职位 profession, job

136 all ages 所有年龄的人 young and old

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 学以致用，雅思真经

137 youth [ju;T] n. 年轻 young, boy, child, teenager

138 mate [meIt] n. 伙伴 friend, peer

139 staff [stA;f] n. 员工 recruit, worker, employee

140 sale [seIl] v. 销售 retail

141 cheap [tSi;p] adj. 便宜的 low price

142 discount ['dIskaUnt] n. 打折 10% off, on sale

143 round [raUnd] n. 圆 curve, circle

144 order ['O;dJ(r)] n. 顺序 sequence

145 renovate ['renJveIt] v. 修理；翻新 fix, repair

146 alone [J'lJUn] adj. 单独的 single, by themselves

147 hospitality [%hQspI't&lJtI] n. 招待 treatment, prepare refreshment

148 shape like 像 look like, seem

149 depress [dI'pres] v. 失望，使沮丧 disappoint, dispirit, frustrate, discourage

150 well-known [%wel'nJUn] adj. 有名的 famous, fame

151 specialize in 专注于 focus, emphasis, concentrate

component, proportion, percent, section, element,

152 part [pA;t] n. 部分
ingredient

153 typical ['tIpIkl] adj. 典型的；普通的 representative, common, average

154 uncommon [Vn'kQmJn] adj. 特别的 special, unique, unusual, rare

155 accurately ['&kjJrJtlI] adv. 精确地 precisely

156 expand [Ik'sp&nd] v. 扩建；扩张 add, enlarge, increase spaces

157 climb [klaIm] v. 上升 go up, increase

158 enhance [In'hA;ns] v. 增强 improve, increase

159 power ['paUJ(r)] n. 力量 force, energy

160 fuel ['fju;Jl] n. 燃料 coal, firewood, petrol, gas

161 refurbish [%ri;'f3;bIS] v. 重新装修 redecorate

preference ['prefrJns] n. 偏爱； like, priority

162
优先权

163 trust [trVst] v. 信任 less suspicious, believe

164 computer [kJm'pju;tJ(r)] n. 电脑 laptop

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剑桥雅思听力考点词真经（179听力考点词版）
 剑桥雅思听力考点词真经

165 handy ['h&ndI] adj. 方便的 convenient

166 demonstrate ['demJnstreIt] v. 展示 display, show, exhibition

167 important [Im'pO;tnt] adj. 主要的 significant, major, main, primary

straightforward [%streIt'fO;wJd] direct, first-hand, simple

168
adj. 简单直接的

169 disused [%dIs'ju;zd] adj. 废弃的 empty, abandoned

170 donate [dJU'neIt] v. 捐赠 charity, give

171 work [w3;k] n. 作品 item

172 turn [t3;n] v. 转动 switch

173 information [%InfJ'meISn] n. 信息 details, data, graph, chart

174 visualize ['vIZUJlaIz] v. 想象 imagine

175 repetition [%repJ'tISn] n. 重复 over and over

176 poor [pO;(r)] adj. 弱的 weak

177 durable ['djUJrJbl] adj. 耐用的 stronger, longer

178 pollutant [pJ'lu;tJnt] n. 污染物 contaminant

179 continue [kJn'tInju;] v. 继续 ahead, go on, keep doing

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剑桥雅思听力考点词真经（179听力考点词版）
 目录
时态 .................................................................................................................................................. 2
谓语 .................................................................................................................................................. 2
代词 .................................................................................................................................................. 3
冠词 .................................................................................................................................................. 3
介词 .................................................................................................................................................. 3
副词 .................................................................................................................................................. 4
分词结构........................................................................................................................................... 4
句子成分........................................................................................................................................... 5
被动语态........................................................................................................................................... 5
There be 句型.................................................................................................................................. 5
并列句 .............................................................................................................................................. 6
状语从句........................................................................................................................................... 6
名词性从句....................................................................................................................................... 7
定语从句........................................................................................................................................... 8

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时态

为什么雅思大作文很少用一般过去时？如果用，什么时候用？
因为大作文一般都是表述现在的事情，或者将来可能发生的事情，
因此很少用过去时
除非出现in the past, previously 等字眼，才需要用过去时

为什么雅思图表作文很少用一般现在时？如果用，什么时候用？
因为小作文一般都是出现过去的时间，表述过去的事情。
如果图里没有时间，譬如说流程图的工序图，那么就用一般现在
时。

谓语

为什么will 和can 后面一定要用动词原形？

习惯用法，情态动词后面要用动词原形

为什么this has been happened 和he is looked handsome 是错的？

因为happen 是不及物动词
而look 是系动词
都没有被动语态

为什么图表作文increased, declined 前面一般不加was 或者were?

在图表作文里，下降和上升不是人为造成的，一般是不及物动词，
没有被动语态

如何判断be 这个词是助动词还是系动词？
Some children can be very intelligent.
Some unruly children can be punished.
These children are studying independently.
一般来说，如果be 动词后面还有一个动词（称为主动词）
因此，第一句话是系动词，因为be 动词后面没有动词，只有very
intelligent
第二句话是助动词，后面是被动语态
第三句话是助动词，后面是进行时态

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代词

They 和them 有什么区别？

They 代词做主语，them 做宾语
例子：They enjoy reading books. I will buy some books for them.

冠词

什么时候可数名词的复数加定冠词the?
特指的时候
I like reading books. （任何书）
I like reading the books recommended by my teacher. （特指老师推
荐的书）
Working with colleagues …. Good 这里谓语动词应该是is, 还是are?
Is，因为动名词做主语，谓语动词都要用单数
不可数名词可以加定冠词the 吗？
可以，特指的时候就可以
We need information. （任何信息）
We need the information from reliable sources. （特指可靠来源的信
息）

可数名词前面加the是表示特指吗？不可数名词前面加the是表示特指吗？
可数名词前面加the未必是特指，可能是说某种东西。譬如说”they live in the city.”
说明是城市这个地方，而不是其他地方。
然而，可数名词的复数一般不加the, 除非特指。
例1：People today have a fast lifestyle. （没有特指，指任何人）
例2：The people in urban areas have a fast lifestyle. （特指，住在城市的人）
不可数名词前面加the一定是特指。
例1：Information has a direct impact on the success of companies. （没有特
指，指任何信息）
例2： the information in this computer is limited.（特指，某个电脑里的信息）
因此，不特指的时候，不可数名词不要加the。

介词

With 后面一般加什么？为什么？
With 后面加名词，因为这是介词
一般什么词做定语？
形容词做定语比较多，起限定作用，分词和名词有时候也会充当

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定语
It is an easy job 和I can do this job easily 两句话有什么区别？
Easy job 的EASY 是形容词，修饰名词，强调工作简单
而do this job easily 的easily 是副词，修饰动词do，强调做一个工
作简单（这个工作可能本身不简单）
It is important to 后面什么时候加do something ， 什么时候加
something?
如果it 是形式主语，那么就是用to do something
It is important to complete a degree。（it 是形式主语，真正的主
语是不定式to complete a degree）
如果it 指代的是前面的一个事情，那么就是用to something
You should complete a degree. It is important to your career. （it 指
代前面整句话）
为什么 because of, despite, in spite of, due to 等加名词不能充当连词的功能？

这些都是介词词组，后面加名词后充当状语，状语没有连词功能。
譬如说“He has money, because of this, he travels a lot.”错误
改成“He has money; because of this, he travels a lot”（“；”类似于连词）

副词

为什么副词很少充当表语？
因为表语一般是修饰和 述主语，而主语一般是名词，形容词才能修饰一个名词。
This man is happy. He is a happy man.
The main is happily (错).

分词结构

现在分词充当状语的时候，常见的问题是什么？
逻辑主语的问题
现在分词的逻辑主语一般是主句的主语
Aid organisations can deliver aid to people in underdeveloped countries,
thereby improving living standards. （错误，句子的主语是aid organisations，
不可能 高生活水准）
改成：
People in underdeveloped countries can receive aid, thereby improving living
standards. （主语变成了people）

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句子成分

什么是宾语补足语？
对宾语加以补充说明的文字。
譬如说I heard him singing. （singing 分词修饰宾语him）

为什么用了In order to 和by doing something 的时候，一般句子不

会用被动？
In order to 是表示目的
By doing something 表示手段
也就说明句子主语是主动想去达成一个事情，不可能用被动
In order to make money, they work hard.
By working hard, they can make more money.

被动语态

被动语态最常见的错误是什么？
很多同学被动语态不写 be 动词
譬如说“he may fired”错误
改成“he may be fired”

为什么不及物动词没有被动语态？
主动转被动的时候，一般是原句的宾语变成主语。
例： International aid can solve some problems.
被动语态：some problems can be solved by international aid.

因为不及物动词后面不能加宾语，所以不可能有被动语态

There be 句型

为什么there be +something？为什么不可以是there has something?

There be+ something 是倒装，原句是“something be there”（主系表的结构），
如果是“something has there”很明显不恰当
例： there are many problems in society.
还原：many problems are there in society.
Many problems have there in society. （错误）

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并列句

并列句什么时候可以省略分句的一部分（譬如说主语）？
当两个分句有重复的部分，就可以省略。
Students should finish homework and (students should) ask
questions. （分句省略了主语和should）
People can buy books online or （ people can buy books ） in
bookshops. （分句省略了主谓宾）

并列句的连词and 前面什么时候加逗号？
如果两个分句不是很对称，完全是用and 连接两个独立的句子，
就用逗号。
Many people today buy books online, and many bookshops cannot
stand competition.
并列句连词前后的部分一般是什么关系？
有2 种可能：
例1：Music can stimulate a child’s brain and contribute to educational
development.
解释：因果关系，刺激大脑是促进学习进步的原因。

例2：Students are encouraged to participate in cultural activities and

communicate with those from a variety of backgrounds.
解释：并列关系，“参加文化活动”和“不同人交流”是并列的。

状语从句

Because 和because of 有什么区别？

Because 是连词，后面要加独立的句子
because of 是介词短语，后面要加名词
I am happy because the weather is wonderful.
I am happy because of the wonderful weather.

Because 和it is because 有什么用法区别？

Because 是从属连词，连接两个独立的句子
It is because 后面加独立的句子就可以
Young people should go to college because they can find jobs easily
with qualifications.
Young people should go to college. It is because they can find jobs
easily with qualifications.

49
In contrast 和while 有什么区别？
In contrast 是连接词，不是连词
While 是连词，连接两个独立的句子
People in cities are stressed. In contrast, those in rural areas are
more relaxed.
People in cities are stressed, while those in rural areas are more
relaxed.

名词性从句

It is argued that 还是it is argued whether?

It is argued that 的意思是“有人认为”，这里的argue 不是“争执”
的意思
所以应该是“it is argued that”

同位语从句一般由什么名词引导？
一般是idea, news, evidence, fact 这样的名词，
而很多同学经常用problem, trend, phenomenon 去引导，问题就
很大
什么时候 what 引导的名词性从句后面是完整的句子？什么时候不是完整的句
子？
What 后面只会出现不完整的句子，因为它是指代从句的主语，表语，或者宾语
例子：many students do not know what problems they can encounter in the
working world.
从句：they can encounter in the working world （缺乏宾语）

什么时候 how 引导的名词性从句后面是完整的句子？什么时候不是完整的句

子？
How 如果表示“如何”的时候，从句完整的句子。
例子：many parents do not know how they can communicate with children
effectively.
从句：they can communicate with children effectively. （完整的句子）
How 如果加形容词的时候，从句不完整。
例子：many parents do not how important it is to communicate with their
children.
从句：it is to communicate with their children. （从句少了个表语，important; 需
要把 important 放进去，才完整 it is important to communicate with their children）

同位语从句的引导词一般有什么？
Fact, idea, notion, argument, news 等

为什么 that 和 whether 不能连用？

50
因为 that 一般是引导一个事实，一个确认的事情，而 whether 是不确定的事情。
例子：There is controversy over whether it is necessary to impose tougher
punishment on road offences.
因为是 controversy（有争议的事情），所以不可能是加 that

为什么同位语从句后面一般都是跟着 that，而不是 whether, what, how 等？

因为同位语前面的名词一般是事实或者观点，譬如说 fact, notion，所以后面一
般只会加 that, 而 whether，what, how 等一般都是疑问。

How well children perform in the classroom could be linked to how physically
active they are。这个句子有两个由 how 引导的名词性从句，从句怎么还原？差
别是什么？
How well children perform in the classroom
Well 是副词
从句还原： children perform well in the classroom.
how physically active they are
active 是形容词
从句还原：they arephysically active

定语从句

定语从句什么时候who 和that 可以替换？

That 一般不用于非限制性定语从句，也就是说who 前有逗号就不
可以用that 替换
Those students who have learning difficulties should be given more
support. （限制性，可以用that 替换）

非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句有什么区别？
I visited some Asian cities, which are known for delicious food and
amazing architecture.
I visited some Asian cities which are known for delicious food and
amazing architecture.
第一句话的意思是说我游览的所有的亚洲城市都是有好的食品和
建筑。
第二句话的意思是说我游览了一些有好的食品和建筑的亚洲城市
（暗示其他亚洲城市没有这些）__

当定语从句用来修饰一句话的时候，类似于什么状语从句？
很多时候，类似于结果状语从句

51
 例子：many students can now study in elite universities, which improves
their job prospects.
等于 many students can now study in elite universities, so they can improve
their job prospects.

定语从句什么时候和条件状语从句差不多？
有时候，可以将条件状语从句改成定语从句。
例子：If students get into top universities, they can improve their job
prospects.
等于 Students who get into top universities can improve their job prospects.

如果先行词前面有形容词，为什么定语从句很多时候是非限制性定语从句？
因为有形容词的时候，名词因此作了限定，再用限制性定语从句就比较别扭
例子：People are interested in universities which are reputable and improve
their job prospects.
People are interested in reputable universities, which can improve their job
prospects.

为什么 why, where, when 后面的句子是完整的句子，而 which 和 who 后面的句

子是不完整的句子？
因为在使用 why, where, when 的时候，先行词是充当从句的状语一部分，而不
充当从句的主语和宾语
例子：People prefer to study in universities where they are exposed to different
cultures.
从句还原：in universities, people are exposed to different cultures.
在使用 who 和 which 的时候，先行词充当从句的主语和宾语
例子：People prefer to study in universities which have students from all
backgrounds.
从句还原：universities have students from all backgrounds.

限制性定语从句和同位语从句前面都有个名词，它们的区别是？
限制性定语从句 同位语从句
That 前面的名 没有限制，基本上所有名词都 一些特定的名词，譬如说 idea,
词 可能用定语从句 notion, news, concern 等
功能 限定一个名词 解释一个名词
This is an idea that we do We defy the idea that a
not support. （限定 idea, 也 university degree is the
有其他 idea 我们是可能支持 predictor of one’s success.
的） （解释 idea 的内容是“大学学历
是成功的必要因素”）

52
结构 从句一般缺乏一个成分 从句一般完整的句子
以上句为例
Idea 充当从句 support 的宾语

53
句子语法改错 分类练习

1. Sort and recycle waste would decrease pollution.

2. Study some difficult subjects can allow students to live a successful life in the future.
3. Young people study abroad can find work easily.
4. Children imitate criminals have behavioral problems.
5. The government support the good students from poor families can help them continue the university
education.

This causes global temperatures rise.

1. Governments take more actions to prevent crimes can have a deterrent effect on offenders
2. Limiting children’s screen time can cause children maintain enthusiasm for studies.
3. Surfing the Internet can help old people do not feel isolated and lonely.
4 Fashion shows have attracted a large number of people concentrate on the latest trend.
5 people should pay attention to develop positive qualities and acquire more practical experience.

1. A person who pays more attention to his achievement will cause lots of arguments in his working life.
2. Young people at school not only acquire knowledge but also regulate their behaviors.
3. Poor people will be able to narrow the gap between them and the rich.
4 Well-educated people can improve social productivity.
5 companies relying on technology and machines can enhance the quality of products.

1. This policy has positive effect on companies.

2. First of all, people from disadvantaged background are not willing to spend money on environmentally
friendly product.
3. Books, films and the internet have provided people with opportunity to learn about other cultures.
4. There are some actions school should take to make education more interesting and practical.
5. Manufacturer should provide more products to support people.

1. Heavy workload is another reason why young people feel less happy than before.
2. People in rural area can sell handicrafts and fresh produce online.
3. These social media platforms can provide them with a very convenient way to maintain strong relationship.
4. Tourists from developed country may find it difficult to adapt to local environment.
5. There is no doubt that hotel and restaurant industry has been growing rapidly.

54
1. It is not easy to find a full-time employment.
2. Students will have a bad academic performance and do not have confidence.
3. People from deprived backgrounds have opportunities to have access to a high-skilled work by studying
specialized knowledge.
4. Poor students are able to have an equal access to education.
5. Teachers can receive a specialised training to learn how to teach students effectively.

1. For example, people who work in large cities or overseas can have higher pay and fulfil their potentials.
2. Some young people can receive trainings.
3. If deprived students obtain economic aids from others, they may understand the importance of giving and form
a positive attitude toward life.
4. it is wise for them to reduce pollutions in order to avoid the tax.
5. Teachers provide children with academic supports at school, while parents play an essential role in developing
children’ creativity

1. visitors find it hard to talk with hotel staffs

2. News medias, including magazines and the internet, have shown people a lot of beautiful patterns of clothes.
3. Mothers can use boiling water to disinfect everything to protect children from bacterias.

1. People today have wider access to a variety of information due to the development of information technology.
2. People can gain diverse knowledge by learning history to advance their career.
3. In the modern world, people spend a few time on doing exercise although it is known that exercise is essential
to their health.
4. Children from poor homes have few opportunity to receive education.
5. One of the biggest problem of education is that it can cost a lot of money.
6 It will cost numerous money.
7 Employing similar quantity of men and women in all position is not beneficial to a company’s development
8 living in small family units makes people have fewer contact with their relatives

1. Excellent athletes might not suffer as much as health problems as ordinary people.
2. Governments can provide special funds to protect languages which are only spoken by limited amount of
people

十一

1. These knowledge is important to students.

2. The government should invest money in another public welfare.
3. Most children are not able to understand those international news on television
4. Other benefit of using hi-technology is that poor people have more opportunities to earn money

55
十二

1. Learning can be personalised to help the students.

2. As a result of it, they do not finish the homework and do not go to the school.
3. We can acquire the knowledge by reading books.
4. Though mechanical farming has improved the productivity, actually it has an adverse impact on the economy of
the rural community.
5. Crime can pose a threat to the social stability.

十三

1. News media are a important influence on the public.

2. An decreasing number of people speak local languages.
3. People in these fields deserve a higher salary because a outstanding person needs talent to succeed.
4. The proportion of males saw an significant decrease to 43.2%.
5. A engineer who is well-informed about all theories about different mechanical problems can design and
improve machines.

十四

1. Workers try to upgrade skills to be a manager, salesman or designer.

2. Studying in another country enables students to become a more excellent person.
3. If an individual pays too much attention on their targets, they may be unwilling to work with others.
4 People could have a party with their friends to spend spare time.

十五

1. Machines enable to complete tasks efficiently.

2. Visiting to museums is beneficial to the protection of cultural heritage.
3. Most problems caused by a lack of money will eliminate
4. Some students may follow their friends to skip classes or addict to computer games.
5. Employers would not give these employees more opportunities to promote

十六

1. People can contact with their friends easily by using mobile phones.
2. Overworking may danger people’s health in the long term.
3. They can analysis those events happening in other countries.
4. Authorities should make every one access to free tertiary education
5. Parents should company their children to go camping.

十七

1. It is common knowledge that fast food normally contain high fat.

2. Advanced technology have a detrimental impact on the environment.
3. Shopping on the Internet provide many choices for sellers and buyers.
4. The number of young offenders have increased dramatically.
5. The coverage of violent crime and sex assaults have an influence on viewers' behaviour.

56
十八

Those athletes who do not have a good mental attitude cannot perform well.

十九

1. Graduates will more easily to find a good job.

2. Reading will possibly broadening horizons.
3 People need to spend unnecessary time on road because of traffic jams, which may reduces their spare time
and increases their negative mood.
4 People should to be friendly to each other and dress formally on these occasions.
5 To be specific, people can benefits from sharing information with others.

二十

1. The shortage of water is cannot attract worldwide attention.

2. They may do not have enough money to send their children to prestigious school.
3. Some people like the poor and the elderly may do not benefit from these modern communication tools.

二十一

1. Cultures are differ from country to country

2. Doing exercise regularly is very important to physical health, especially walking, but people are seem to walk
less at present.
3. At present, most school are focus on students’ exam grades.
4. It is also cause some problems and economic benefits.
5. Mechanisation may be have a positive effect on a country's economy.

二十二

1. Many people disagree this idea.

2. Participating extra-curricular activities can help students develop a wide range of skills.

二十三

1. Some students have chosen to study in farming.

2. The classroom provides with the atmosphere for learning.
3. Doing unpaid work and helping others can make people live in a happy life.
4. Governments should fund on films produced by domestic filmmakers.
5. Employers emphasize on qualifications because well-educated workers are innovators.

二十四

The government can encourage companies to involve in these industries.

57
二十五

1. The water consumption for agriculture was remained basically unchanged.

2. Those patients who suffer from fatal diseases are most benefited.
3. People can find good jobs when they are graduated.
4. Children have been become excellent communicators by learning communication skills at school.
5. Disadvantaged people are hardly show up.

二十六

1. People are easy to misunderstand local customs and habits.

2. Athletes might be more easily to suffer the pain caused by injuries in the rest of their lives.
3. The young generation often feel stressful because the cost of living is high
4. People now become lack of self-discipline
5. It is more effectively to attend lectures and listen to professors.

二十七

1. Children can interested in reading if they develop this habit from a young age.
2. People might also go into credit card debts and not able to financially support themselves
3. Parents may also responsible for their children’s behaviours.
4. Those factories may less likely to dump toxic waste into rivers
5. Parents may not only able to experience an improved standard of living but also send their children
to the best schools.

二十八

1. Paying taxes can prompt countries’ infrastructure construction.

2. Libraries can allow more people having access to theoretical knowledge and help them to gain new skills.
3. Selling products, such as fresh produce, online can promote poor people to earn money.
4. Environmental problems can make people easier to get some diseases.

二十九

1. It is good to play sports games as leisure activities because it plays a vital role in improving public health.
2 The student learns to express himself meaning politely.

三十

1. Many young people have chosen to study abroad, they want to have a broad view of the world.
2. Education decides children’s success in the future, the quality of it is also associated with the development of
society
3. Incomes cannot meet the needs of life, these will put them under great pressure.
4. Old people can surf the Internet to assess the latest news, it means that they would not be out of touch the
world.

58
5. Higher personal incomes allow people to purchase many products, including fashionable clothes, otherwise,
they may think they are behind the times.

三十一

1. They can take good care of their family members, they also can enjoy happy time with their parents.
2. People have to work with a heavy workload, sometimes even have to work until late at night.
3. Players with a good mental attitude may overcome difficulties, thus win the championship.

三十二

1. We can tackle problems more logically and boost the development of our society.
2. Busy people may miss some important things in their lives and influence their work.
3. People can find relevant materials on the Internet and then improve their academic performance.
4. Acquiring knowledge in class is a rewarding learning experience and can receive lecturers’ guidance
5. Cold water flows through hot rocks and turned into hot water.

三十三

1. Pollution became a serious problem.

2. This is why many less-known languages became extinct.
3. People spent time commuting on the road due to the traffic jams and less leisure time
could increase people's negative emotions.
4. When they completed a degree overseas, they could contribute to their country with knowledge.
5. There are two main reasons why these people did not take any action.

三十四

1. Recently, many people are interested in spending enormously on special occasions.

2. There is an increase in the rate of youth crime these years.
3. In recent years, the work market is increasing competitive and a great number of graduates fail
to seek employment when they are leaving schools.

三十五

1. Most developed countries have experienced environment challenges in the last century.

三十六

1. Library users have access to use computers and videos as educational resources.
2. We should spend more time for accompany our family.
3. People need to pay more attention to their family life, which is a key to make them happy.
4. The writing skill is the key to present one’s ideas, so it is necessary to acquire the basic knowledge of writing
5. Teleworking has become a growing popular approach to run companies in the world.

59
三十七

1. Men prefer to talk about advance career.

2. Cities are growing with more and more people come to cities
3. Despite the investment in rare language is of great importance to preserve language diversity,
this can increase pressure on tax payers.
4. The proportion of people went to the cinema decreased.
5. Despite that the young generation can solve some problems by themselves, they also need others around
them to aid them in achieving their goals.

三十八

1. In particularly, people working at office usually travel to and from work by car rather than by foot or bicycle.
2. Urban life has an adverse impact on people’s healthy.
3. They can use theoretical knowledge into practical in the workplace.
4 To increase ratings as well as expand the readership, news organisations may not be trustworthy in sometimes

三十九

1. One solution of this problem is to raise children's awareness of resource conservation.

2. The main reasons of this issue include the lack of environmental awareness and the poor access
to waste disposal facilities.
3. Travelling abroad is also helpful to practice travellers’ languages.
4. Playing sports games can cultivate a sense of responsibility and the ability of solving problems

四十

1. Well-educated people can settle conflicts easier.

2. Modern communication methods enable us to communicate across countries more convenient.
3. People buy many cars and use cars excessive.
4. The available of information and learning resources can bridge the income gap.
5. Some travelers drop litter careless, and they should be punished.

四十一

1. It is more easy for teenagers to get good grades in one subject they are good at.
2. The government only supports best students without considering the needs of disadvantaged young people.
3. People can surf the web for latest news reports.

四十二

1. Communication has become more easily.

2. If we spend time helping our neighbors, we may feel easily to go on well with each other.
3. The proportion of men saw a steadily increase to 46.7%.

四十三

60
1. Representing the unique and valuable asset of a country's culture and history, the government
has the responsibility to protect the minority languages from extinction.
2. By helping the old, the disabled and the homeless, community cohesion can be enhanced
3. When visiting beaches and hiking in forests, it is not allowed to drop litter or damage plants.
4. A minor mistake may cause serious problems when setting up a business.

四十四

1. When come to school age, most children spend most of the day in their school with their teachers and
classmates.
2. Young girls feel they lose face if do not wear lavish clothes.
3. Advanced technology provides opportunities for the people from disadvantaged families to earn money,
although sometimes create greater wealth for the rich.
4. As the increasing of people’s income, they have more money to buy the latest styles.
5. It is hard for you to accumulate working experience and sharpen your skills when you doing temporary jobs
6. There is no need to kill animals , because the invention of synthetic materials which can produce drugs and
clothes.

四十五

1. Young people are more willing to adopt advanced technology. Because they want to find jobs
in the hi-tech industry.
2. Because employees are likely to move to a different home, which is close to the company,
instead of remaining living in the city center.
3. Because athletes have strong muscles, and they may run faster.

四十六

1. The academic performance will not be improved if they are suffering from problems
2. People could learn the dress code and business practices of companies when they are communicating
with local workers.
3. It is difficult to maintain contact with our family when we are living far away.
4. When an athlete fell behind others in a marathon, he or she should not give up.

四十七

1. Others claim that nothing can we gain from learning history.

2. I suppose that because with the development of the economy, we have more choices in clothes.
3. Although free public transport may reduce traffic congestion, I do not agree that improve 24 hour
bus services is a good idea.
4. Many industries, especially those in the hospitality industry, thrive because of Olympics Games.
So that the economy will develop.
5. It is very important that keeping with what is happening through reading news.

四十八

1. People argue that whether the advertising of certain food products should be banned.
2. This diagram shows that how a small town in the UK developed between 1990 and 2010.

61
3. The debate about that whether digital books will replace printing books has been heightened.
4. People have an argument about that students should attend university or start working.
5. I believe whether learning in a classroom or studying alone can benefit learners.

四十九

1. They can do something what they like, and do not need to obey company rules
2. Visitors may buy things what they dislike

五十

1. It can develop into a worse situation that students have mental problems eventually.
2. There is a trend that people are pursuing fashion these days and they are fond of buying clothes.
3. There is a phenomenon that the number of people cooking at home has fallen sharply.
4. Ambitious people may not be willing to share up-to-date information with colleagues,
thus resulting in the situation that they cannot draw upon others’ experience.

五十一

1. There was a river crossed the area from north to south.

2. As we know, there are so many different cultures exist in the world.
3. There are some measures could be taken to help those young unemployed to find a job
4. I think there are two main reasons may contribute to this phenomenon
5. There are two problems affect tourists' attitude towards the host country.

五十二

1. There is many people who prefer to drive cars.

2. There is an increasing number of people who do not know how to cook.
3. There are many misleading information on the Internet
4. There is numerous people giving priority to work

五十三

1. The competition is increasingly intense so it is easy for people who occupied by work to ignore their family.
2. People who taking temporary jobs cannot gain work experience and achieve succeed in their careers.
3. There was an increase in the percentage of people who employed by large companies.
4. Those people who equipped with different skills can adapt to different jobs
5. These days many people who from rural areas migrate to big cities

五十四

1. Governments can invest in building towns and cities, from which people can benefit more.
2. By taking on part-time jobs, universities students can learn skills which cannot get at university.
3. Governments can also build new schools and hospitals in suburban areas
which can solve some basic needs of residents

62
4. Some governments today pour money in building many libraries in towns,
which enables more people to read books and acquire knowledge.
5. people are able to get information that they need on the internet,
which is more convenient compared to go to libraries.

五十五

1. A growing number of companies are now considering telecommuting, which let employees work at home.
2. The private health care charges high fees, which excludes disadvantaged people from the services.
3. They are always looking for the jobs which is suitable for their dreams.
4. Anti-social behaviour is the action that pose a threat to society.
5. People who has a strong desire to advance their career may put themselves at the risk of illness.

五十六

1. The government can offer tax reductions for those companies who have performed well in recycling solid
waste.
2. Of those fast-growing countries, China, which economy has been growing at 9 per cent per year,
is particularly successful.
3. There are plenty of natural resources in China, most of that are unused.
4. Polytechnics and other institutions can provide training in car repairing, building and hairdressing and all of
which enable young people to earn money earlier.

五十七

1. Buying luxuries can cost a lot of money which affects their living standards.
2. Young People need to adjust mentality which influence their emotions and actions.
3. The media have drawn our attention to Olympics which is a significant event for athletes.
4. Home cooking which used to be quite usual has become uncommon in many countries.
5. By talking to locals, tourists can improve social skills which can help with their performance in workplaces.

五十八

1. There are many foreign universities where provide good courses for international students.
2. Too many people moving to big cities from the areas where rely on agriculture
will put extra pressure on infrastructure construction.
3. It is a platform that people can express opinions and get some useful information
4. They can run restaurants where sell traditional food to attract foreign visitors.

五十九

1. News media nowadays can deliver the latest news happened around the world to people.
2. We could donate money to poor people, making their lives happy and satisfied.

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 Elvis - IELTS WRITING

请找出以下句子中存在的错误并且改正（后面附有参考答案）

1. Schools should reward top students who have highest score.

2. If they spend too much time on housework, they may not have
enough time to do their work, in that case, they may perform poorly
in the workplace.

3. We encourage men to share housework with women, it does not

mean that housework should be allocated to husband and wife
equally.

4. There are an increasing number of people choose to spend

holidays overseas.

5. The percentage of people traveled by bike or on foot decreased

significantly.

6. Comparing with fossil fuels, nuclear power can provide more

energy and it does not produce carbon dioxide.

7. For those students who do not have self-control probably will

mimic those wrong behavior from TV programs.

8. If the household tasks could be divided according to the family's

situation would be better.

9. Parents buy a large quantity of toys may distract children from

their study.

10. Some scenic spots are so popular that every year the number

1
64
 Elvis - IELTS WRITING

of tourists who accommodate exceeds their real capacity.

11. The time which spends in watching TV should be controlled

strictly.

12. Using fossil fuels will produce carbon dioxide, which is a kind of
greenhouse gas causes global warming.

13. Many young people move from rural areas to cities, which there
are more educational resources and job opportunities.

14. Many young people move from rural areas to cities, where have
more educational resources and job opportunities.

15. Many people do not understand that how important it is to

protect wild animals.

16. The number of Australian tourists increased to 20 thousands.

17. It seems reasonable for government to restrict the use of fresh

water to protect the environment.

18. When the river polluted, fishes would die.

19. As the government’s money is limited, which is expected to be

spent on medical services, transport and so on.

20. By contrast, although the sales of apples in the UK increased

slightly from one million to 5.5 million pounds in 2004.

2
65
 Elvis - IELTS WRITING

21. Too much homework makes students stressful and tired.

22. Students who rarely watch TV may be limited to gain

knowledge.

23. Students are easier to find jobs after graduation if they do some
part-time jobs in the university.

24. Taking part in sports activities in spare time can decline the
stress at work.

25. Many young people decide move to cities to look for better jobs.

26. If criminals could receive education and training in prison, they

would avoid to commit crimes again after they are released.

27. As the rapid development of economy, people's living standard

has improved.

28. Children who lack of parents' love and care may become
sensitive and introverted.

29. If children are allowed to watch TV, parents need not to

accompany them all the time.

30. Travelling abroad can broaden children's horizons and have a

better understanding of foreign customs and culture.

3
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参考答案
1. Schools should reward top students who have highest score.
解释：最高级前面需要冠词 the
改：Schools should reward top students who have the highest
score.

2. If they spend too much time on housework, they may not have
enough time to do their work, in that case, they may perform poorly
in the workplace.
解释：独立的句子之间相连，需要有连词。
改：If they spend too much time on housework, they may not have
enough time to do their work, and in that case, they may perform
poorly in the workplace.

3. We encourage men to share housework with women, it does not

mean that housework should be allocated to husband and wife
equally.
解释：独立的句子之间相连，需要有连词。
改：We encourage men to share housework with women, but it does
not mean that housework should be allocated to husband and wife
equally.

4. There are an increasing number of people choose to spend

holidays overseas.
解释：there be 句型本身就是完整的句子，不能再出现其它谓语动
词，需要使用定语从句或者分词来修饰名词 people
改：There are an increasing number of people who choose to spend
holidays overseas.
改：There are an increasing number of people choosing to spend
holidays overseas.

5. The percentage of people traveled by bike or on foot decreased

significantly.
解释：句子里面不能出现两个谓语动词 travelled 和 decreased，如
果有两个谓语动词，可以做成从句，或者使用分词。
改：The percentage of people who traveled by bike or on foot
decreased significantly.

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改 ： The percentage of people travelling by bike or on foot

decreased significantly.

6. Comparing with fossil fuels, nuclear power can provide more

energy and it does not produce carbon dioxide.
解释：使用分词做状语的时候，要和主语保持一致。 （nuclear power
被用来和化石燃料做比较，所以应该使用过去分词 compared）
改：Compared with fossil fuels, nuclear power can provide more
energy and it does not produce carbon dioxide.

7. For those students who do not have self-control probably will

mimic those wrong behavior from TV programs.
解释：加了 for 以后变成了介词短语，变成了句子的状语，导致这句
话没有了主语。介词短语不能作为句子主语。
改：Those students who do not have self-control probably will mimic
those wrong behavior from TV programs.

8. If the household tasks could be divided according to the family's

situation would be better.
解释：有一个条件状语从句，主句却没有主语。
改：If the household tasks could be divided according to the family's
situation, it would be better.

9. Parents buy a large quantity of toys may distract children from

their study.
解释：不能拿一个句子去当另一个句子的主语。
改：If parents buy a large quantity of toys, it may distract children
from their study.

10. Some scenic spots are so popular that every year the number
of tourists who accommodate exceeds their real capacity.
解释：accommodate 是“接待”和“容纳”，这个词的主语应该是旅游景
点 scenic spots， 而不是游客。 所以加了个 they， 这个 they 表示 scenic
spots
改：Some scenic spots are so popular that every year the number of
tourists who they accommodate exceeds their real capacity.

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 Elvis - IELTS WRITING

11. The time which spends in watching TV should be controlled

strictly.
解释：定语从句的主语 which，指代 time，时间“被花在看电视上”，
是被动语态。或者干脆把定语从句修饰 time 改成过去分词修饰 time
改：The time which is spent in watching TV should be controlled
strictly.
改：The time spent in watching TV should be controlled strictly.

12. Using fossil fuels will produce carbon dioxide, which is a kind of
greenhouse gas causes global warming.
解释：定语从句里面出现了两个谓语：is 和 cause，所以后面用了定
语从句 that 来修饰 greenhouse gas
改：Using fossil fuels will produce carbon dioxide, which is a kind of
greenhouse gas that causes global warming.

13. Many young people move from rural areas to cities, which there
are more educational resources and job opportunities.
解释：which 叫作关系代词，在定语从句里面担任主语或者宾语。这
句话的定语从句 there are more job opportunities 已经是完整的句子，
所以把 which 改成 where，where 是关系副词，等于 in which，在从
句里面作为状语。
改：Many young people move from rural areas to cities, where there
are more educational resources and job opportunities.

14. Many young people move from rural areas to cities, where have
more educational resources and job opportunities.
解释：这里的定语从句需要一个主语，而不是状语，所以需要使用
which，关系代词作为定语从句的主语。
改：Many young people move from rural areas to cities, which have
more educational resources and job opportunities.

15. Many people do not understand that how important it is to

protect wild animals.
解释：使用带疑问词 how 的宾语从句，不需要 that。
使用普通的宾语从句，就把疑问词 how 去掉。

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改：Many people do not understand how important it is to protect

wild animals.
改：Many people do not understand that it is important to protect
wild animals.

16. The number of Australian tourists increased to 20 thousands.

解释：hundred，thousand，million 这样的单词，前面有数字的时候，
仍然使用其单数形式。
改：The number of Australian tourists increased to 20 thousand.

17. It seems reasonable for government to restrict the use of fresh

water to protect the environment.
解释：government 是可数名词，单数形式的前面需要冠词 the
改：It seems reasonable for the government to restrict the use of
fresh water to protect the environment.

18. When the river polluted, fishes would die

解释：这里的污染是指河流被污染，需要使用被动语态。
改：When the river is polluted, fishes would die

19. As the government’s money is limited, which is expected to be

spent on medical services, transport and so on.
解释：这句话里面有原因状语从句，有定语从句，却没有主句。
改：As the government’s money is limited, it is expected to be spent
on medical services, transport and so on.
改：The government’s money is limited, which is expected to be
spent on medical services, transport and so on.

20. By contrast, although the sales of apples in the UK increased

slightly from one million to 5.5 million pounds in 2004.
解释：这句话只写了让步状语从句，却没有主句
改：By contrast, the sales of apples in the UK increased slightly
from one million to 5.5 million pounds in 2004.

21. Too much homework makes students stressful and tired.

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解释：stressful 是修饰“造成压力的事物”，而修饰“人的压力大”应该
使用 stressed。例如 tired 修饰人，而 tiring 修饰事物。
改：Too much homework makes students stressed and tired.

22. Students who rarely watch TV may be limited to gain

knowledge.
解释：知识面受到局限，没有 be limited to do sth. 这样的句型，这
是属于根据自己的中式思维想法造出来的句子。
改 ： Students who rarely watch TV may be limited in their
knowledge.

23. Students are easier to find jobs after graduation if they do some
part-time jobs in the university.
解释：这种句式属于典型的中式思维造句。
改：Students are more likely to find jobs after graduation if they do
some part-time jobs in the university.
改：It is easier for students to find jobs after graduation if they do
some part-time jobs in the university.

24. Taking part in sports activities in spare time can decline the
stress at work.
解释：decline 是不及物动词，这里需要使用及物动词 reduce
改：Taking part in sports activities in spare time can reduce the
stress at work

25. Many young people decide move to cities to look for better jobs.
解释：decide 作动词的用法是 decide to do sth. 这些动词用法在福
利课句法录屏里面有过总结。
改：Many young people decide to move to cities to look for better
jobs.

26. If criminals could receive education and training in prison, they

would avoid to commit crimes again after they are released.
解释：avoid 作动词的用法是 avoid doing sth. 这些动词用法在福利
课句法录屏里面有过总结。
改：If criminals could receive education and training in prison, they

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would avoid committing crimes again after they are released.

27. As the rapid development of economy, people's living standard

has improved.
解释：As 表示“因为”，是连词，后面要接句子，如果后面接名词，应
该使用介词 due to，或者 because of。
改：Due to the rapid development of economy, people's living
standard has improved.

28. Children who lack of parents' love and care may become
sensitive and introverted.
解释：lack 是及物动词，后面没有 of。lack 作名词的时候后面才有
of
改：Children who lack parents' love and care may become sensitive
and introverted.

29. If children are allowed to watch TV, parents need not to

accompany them all the time.
解释：need 的否定式有两种，作为情态动词，否定式是 need not do
sth.，作为行为动词，否定式是 do not need to do sth.
改 ： If children are allowed to watch TV, parents need not
accompany them all the time.
改：If children are allowed to watch TV, parents do not need to
accompany them all the time.

30. Travelling abroad can broaden children's horizons and have a

better understanding of foreign customs and culture.
解释：have a better understanding of 和前面的主语 travelling
abroad 不一致。
改：Travelling abroad can broaden children's horizons and they will
have a better understanding of foreign customs and culture.

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写作词汇使用说明：
本文档的写作词汇全部来自历年雅思考试真题的解析和范文，非常实用。
词汇是造句和写文章的基础，也是写作评分的一个重要标准。写作词汇不仅要学
习词汇的意思，还要学习词汇如何搭配以及如何造句。可以把词汇打印出来，从
中间折叠起来，看着中文写英文。或者在电脑上用 WORD 文档遮住左边部分，
看着中文写英文。写三遍的效果比较好。可以隔一段时间写一遍。

第一列是词汇的中文意思，第二列是英文表达，第三列是一些常用搭配，通常指
词条中的名词如何与动词搭配，或者词条中的形容词的反义词。
标有 v.的代表动词，注意动词后面有没有介词搭配。如果有介词搭配的，说明这
个词通常是不及物动词。如果没有介词搭配的，说明这个词通常是及物动词。个
别情况下标注了 vi 表示不及物动词。
个别地方为了清晰，标注了 n.表示名词，标注了 adj.表示形容词。如果没有标注
的话，说明词性比较容易判断。
第一列中文含义中如果有“…的”一般是形容词。

教育话题词汇表达
中文含义 英文表达 常用搭配
收获知识 Acquire knowledge Impart（传授）
学习氛围 Academic atmosphere（environment） Create（创造）
学术成就 Academic achievement Make（取得）
学习表现 Academic performance Evaluate（评估）
学术研究 Academic study, scientific research Conduct，do（从事）
学习成绩 Score Gain, have（取得）
考试作弊 Cheat in the exam
考试（不）合格 Pass the exam，fail the exam
学术不诚实 Academic dishonesty Be punished（受到惩罚）
不同科目 Various subjects（courses）
勤奋学习 Be diligent in the study
Industrious students （勤奋的学生）

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73
投入 Devote time（money） to sth.
学习松懈 Slack off（v.） in study
专注于学习 Focus on （concentrate on）their study Be absorbed in（专注于）
干扰 Distract sb. from doing sth.
Get distracted by sth.
Distraction（n.）
制定目标 Set goals Higher goals（更高的目标）
实现目标 Achieve their goals Accomplish 替换 achieve
学习资源 Learning resources Abundant（丰富的）
正确的学习态度 A positive attitude towards study Develop（建立）, change（改
变）
宽广的知识面 A wide scope of knowledge Enlarge the scope of
knowledge
扎实的基础 A solid foundation Lay,build（打基础）
涉猎不同科目 Dabble in（v.） different subjects
批判思维 Critical thinking Develop（发展）,cultivate(培
养)
适合 Suit（v.）;be suitable for
掌握知识 Master（v.） what has been taught Master 可 替 换 command，
grasp
促进学术交流 Promote （v.）academic exchange
考试为中心的教育 Exam-oriented education Receive（接受）
学习方式 Learning style
死记硬背 Learn（v.） by rote; rote learning
记忆公式和方程式 Memorize formulas and equations
填鸭式教学 Cramming method of teaching Adopt（采用）
获得大学文凭 Obtain university qualification
招收学生 Enroll （v.）students Enrollment（招生量）
专业知识 Specialized knowledge Specialized subject（专业课）
专长于 Specialize in（v.）
全才 Generalist Become（成为）
专才 Specialist
必修课，选修课 Compulsory （elective, optional）course Learn（学习）
文科 Liberal arts
理科 Science subjects
基础科学 Basic sciences
应用科学 Applied sciences
职业教育 Vocational education
全面发展 Comprehensive （overall） development
Become versatile people
补习班 Cram school Attend, go to（参加）
辍学 Drop out of school
学龄儿童 School age children

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学校教育 Schooling（n.）
上学 Attend school; go to school
量身定制的课程 Tailor-made course
互动 Interact with（v.）
反馈 Feedback Get, have, receive
按能力分班 Segregate （v.）students
Separate（v.） students according to their
levels
启发学生 Inspire （v.）students
Give students inspiration
开阔视野 Broaden their horizons
Have a broader view of life
Have a better understanding of life
Gain a deep insight into the world
Get a new perspective of the world
积累经验 Accumulate （v.）experience Gain（获得） experience
Be experienced in….
理论用于实践 Put theory into practice
Apply theoretical knowledge to practice
实用技能 Practical （useful） skills Learn，acquire，master（掌
握）
就业技能 Employable（Marketable） skills
领导能力 Leadership skills Develop(发展)
适应社会 Adapt to the society Adaptability
Adjust oneself to the society
Become accustomed to the society
找工作 Find jobs， find employment
Get employed
高就业能力 Increase their employability
人才市场 Job market
竞争激烈 Fierce competition Stiff，intense 替换 fierce
Highly （fiercely）competitive society
职业发展 Career development
职业前景 Career prospects
成为社会有用的人 Become a valuable (useful) member of
the society
合格的 Be qualified for; be competent in
成功 Succeed in; become successful in
Make success in
志愿者活动 Voluntary activities Do（参加）Participate in
Voluntary work Get involved in
Unpaid work
Serve as volunteers

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75
养家 Support the family
Contribute to the family income
谋生 Earn a living, make a living
做有偿劳动 Do paid work Undertake（从事）
Full-time（全职）part-time（兼职）
挣学费 Earn tuition fee
Become economically independent
理财能力 The ability to manage their finance Improve，develop（ 高）
学习责任心 Learn responsibilities
培养独立性 Become more independent
Develop independence
承受压力 Suffer from stress Relieve（缓解）, ease, reduce
看电视的时间 Screen time
The amount of time spent in watching TV
课外活动 Extracurricular activities Take part in（参加）
After-school activities Participate in
体育活动 Sports activities，physical exercise Take part in, participate in
开发智力 Develop intelligence
become more intelligent
社交能力 Social skills Communication skills（交流技
能）
同伴 Peer Peer pressure（同龄人压力）
竞争 Compete with（v.） sense of competition（竞争意
识）
合作 Cooperate with（v.）
团队精神 Team spirit
为集体做贡献 Contribute to （v.）the team
跟上同学 Keep up with （v.）their classmates
交换思想 Exchange ideas
分享共同话题 Share common topics
成长期 Formative years
青春期 Adolescence，teens Adolescent，teenagers（青少
年）
好奇心 Be curious about， curiosity Out of curiosity (出于好奇)
自控能力 Self-control Have（有）, lack（缺乏）
身心健康 Physical and psychological health
判断对错的能力 The ability to judge right from wrong
性格 Personality Shape（塑造），influence（影
响）,mould one’s character
个性 Individuality Lose (失去)
乐观 Be optimistic about+名词 Be optimistic that+ 从句
悲观 Be pessimistic about+名词 Be pessimistic that + 从句
信心 Confidence Build（建立），lose（失去）

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自尊 Self-esteem High（强），low（弱）
兴趣 Interest Have（lose） interest in…
Out of interest (出于兴趣)
有热情 Have passion for，have enthusiasm for Dampen（打消）…
有动力 Be motivated to，have motivation to do
追求 Pursue（v.） Pursue the ideal（追求理想）
纪律 Rule Obey（遵守）
Disobey；violate（违反）
纪律 Discipline Have，learn
攻击性 Aggressive，aggression Show aggressive behavior
道德标准（准则） Moral standard（principle） Increase（ 高）
有创造力的 Creative Stifle creativity（扼杀创造力）
有想象力的 Imaginative Develop imagination 培养想
象力
创新 Innovate in（v.）
Make innovation in，be innovative in
推理能力 Reasoning ability Develop，enhance （培养）
记忆 Memorize（v.）
良好的记忆力 A good memory Have
诚实的 Honest
正直的 Righteous
天真的，无辜的 Innocent
坚韧的 Tenacious
易受伤害的 Vulnerable
沮丧的 Frustrated，depressed
自私的 Selfish，self-centered
无私的 Selfless，unselfish
体贴的 Considerate Inconsiderate（不体贴的）
传统价值观念 Traditional values Follow, inherit（继承）
尊敬老师 Respect（v.） Have respect（n.） for
优点 Strength，strong point Draw on（借鉴）
缺点 Weakness，weak point Overcome（克服）
Make up for（弥补）
天生的才能 Innate(inborn) talent(ability) Have
敏感的、易受影响 Sensitive，impressionable
的
模仿 Imitate（v.）
嫉妒 Envy（v.），be jealous of
物质方面攀比 Compete in （v.）material things
孤独感 Sense of isolation，sense of loneliness
上瘾 get addicted to sth.（v.） Addiction
痴迷于 Be obsessed with（v.）；indulge in（v.）
行为不好 Poor behavior；disruptive behavior Show（表现出）

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反社会行为 Anti-social behavior
漠不关心 Be indifferent to
欺负 Bully (v.)
使用暴力 Use violence School violence 校园暴力
嘲笑 Make fun of(v.)； laugh at（v.）
生理缺陷 Physical defect（handicaps）
和人打架 Get into（v.） fights
误入歧途 Go astray，be led astray
与坏人交往 Associate with（v.） bad companions
叛逆的 Rebellious
过度饮酒 Excessive drinking
穿校服 Wear （v.）school uniform
炫耀 Show off（v.）
虚荣心 Vanity Out of vanity
优于 Be superior to Sense of superiority（优越感）
劣于 Be inferior to Sense of inferiority（自卑感）
辅导 Coach（n.）（v.）
树立良好榜样 Set（v.） a good example
表扬 Praise（v.）
批评 Criticize（v.） Give constructive criticism（给
出建设性的批评意见）
培养 Cultivate（v.）
养育 Raise（v.），foster（v.），nurture（v.）
父母的爱 Parental love and care
家长对孩子的教育 Parenting（n.）
溺爱 Spoil（v.）
纵容 Connive at（v.） Be permissive with children
干涉，干预 Interfere with（v.）；intervene in（v.）
施加控制 Exercise （ v. ） too much control over
children
制定规则 Set （v.）rules for children
Impose rules and regulations on children
限制 Restrict（v.）
授权 Empower（v.） Empower sb. to do sth.
有一定的自主权 Have a degree of autonomy
体罚 Corporal punishment
心理阴影 Psychological shadow
富裕的家庭 Rich（wealthy，affluent） family
不富裕的家庭 Less well-off family，low income family
采取合理防范 Take （v.）sensible precautions
供合理的指导 Provide（v.） appropriate guidance
高意识 Be more aware of Raise（v.） the awareness

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科技环境类词汇表达
网络教学 Internet-based teaching
Distance learning
教室教学 Classroom-based teaching
Conventional schooling
不受时间和空间的限 Be not subject to time and geographical
制 restrictions
成熟的技术 sophisticated technology
尖端技术 Cutting-edge technology
科技进步 Technological advances
科技创新 Technological innovation
信息时代 The information age（era）
方便 Convenient(adj.),convenience (n.)
舒适 Comfortable(adj.), comfort (n.)
效率 Efficient(adj.),efficiency (n.)
灵活 Flexible(adj.),flexibility (n.)
上网 Surf（v.） the Internet；go online
浏览网站 Browse（v.） the website
虚拟空间 Virtual space
互联网的广泛使用 The widespread (extensive) use of the
互联网的到来 Internet
互联网的普及 The advent of the Internet
The proliferation of the Internet
更多渠道获取信息 Have more access to information
Access（v.） more information
网络数据库 On-line database
网络图书馆 On-line library
电子书 Electronic books
存储大量信息 Store（v.） enormous information
Information storage
充斥着 Be inundated with
不良信息 Harmful（detrimental）information Contain (包含)
Obscene information
上瘾 Get addicted to（v.）, addiction（n.）
损害视力 Damage（v.） the eyesight
Lead to eye strain
变得近视 Become nearsighted
社交网站 Social network site Social networking（网络社
交）
面对面交流 Face-to-face communication
社会孤立 Social isolation，become isolated
Sense of isolation
保持联系 Stay in touch with（v.）； contact（v.）

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没有地理阻碍 Without geographical barriers
（restrictions）
侵入私人生活 Invade（v.） people’s private lives
生产线 Assembly line, production line
人工智能 Artificial intelligence
智能机器 Intelligent machine
机器生产的产品 Machine-made product （反义词 handmade）
高生产力 Increase the productivity
自动化 Automation， automatically（自动地）
发射卫星 Launch（v.） the satellite
太空技术 Space technology
探索太空 Explore（v.） the outer space 名词 exploration
登月 Land on the moon 名词 Moon landing
发射（载人）航天飞机 Launch the (manned) space flight
智能生物 Intelligent beings
外星人 Alien
科幻电影 Fiction movie
便宜航空 Cheap air travel
先进的交通工具 Advanced means of transport Mode 可替换 means
核电站 Nuclear power station
核废料 Nuclear waste
核辐射 Nuclear radiation
泄漏 Leak（v.），leakage
灾难性的后果 Disastrous consequences Lead to
Catastrophic consequences
化石燃料 Fossil fuel
储量 Reserves
开采 (勘探) Exploit（v.）, prospect（v.）
能源短缺 Energy shortage（crisis） Address, solve, relieve
气候变化 Climate change Combat, curb（遏制）
全球变暖 Global warming Accelerate（vi. 加速）
污染物 Pollutant Discharge, release（排放）
排放污水 Discharge（v.） waste water
垃圾处理 Waste disposal
Dispose of（v.） the waste
垃圾分类 Classify（v.） the waste Waste classification
Sort（v.） the garbage
不可回收的产品 Disposable product, throw-away
product
汽车尾气 Exhaust fumes（n.）
有毒有害物质 Toxic and harmful substance Contain（含有）
危害健康 Pose a threat to （v.）people’s health
Cause（v.） damage to people’s health

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排放 Emit（v.），emission Reduce emission（减少排
放）
温室气体 Greenhouse gas Emit（排放）
二氧化碳 Carbon dioxide
酸雨 Acid rain
沙尘暴 Sand storms
雾霾 Smoggy weather, smog, haze
森林减少 Deforestation
砍伐树木 Fell（v.） woods
耗尽自然资源 Deplete（v.） natural resources
给资源造成压力 Put a strain on the resources
恶化 Deteriorate（vi.）; become worse
导致严重后果 Lead to serious consequences
化肥农药 Fertilizer and pesticide
地下水 Underground water
浪费 Waste, squander（v.）（n.）
灌溉系统 Irrigation system Build（修建）maintain（维
护）
栖息地 Habitat Destroy（破坏）
海洋生物 Marine life
濒危物种 Endangered species
珍稀动物 Rare animals
灭绝 Extinction, become extinct, die out（v.）
偷猎 Illegal hunting, poaching
动物权益 Animals' rights
减轻动物的痛苦 Relieve / ease animals' pain
动物保护主义者 Animal protectionist
生态系统 Ecosystem
生态平衡 Ecological balance Maintain （ 维 护 ） destroy
（破坏）
自然保护区 Nature reserve Establish（建立）
可持续发展 Sustainable development Achieve（实现）
节约能源 Conserve （ v. ） the energy, energy
conservation
可再生能源 Renewable energy, clean fuel Develop（开发）
替代品 Alternative
A 是 B 的替代品 A is an alternative to B
替代 ；substitute（v）
Replace（v.）
使用水力发电 Use hydro power to generate electricity
电动汽车 Electric cars
低碳生活 Low carbon lifestyle Lead，adopt（过...的生活）
高环保意识 Raise（v.） the public’s awareness of
environment protection

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修复对环境造成的损 Remedy （ v. ） the damage to the
害 environment
环保产品 Environment-friendly product
节能科技 Energy-saving technology Develop（开发）；Promote
（推广）
制定国际标准 Set（v.） international standards
召开国际会议 Hold international meetings
（conferences）
签署协议 Sign（v.） agreements

工作家庭生活类词汇表达
繁重的 Arduous
重复的 Repetitive
单调的 Monotonous Tedious，boring（替换
词）
不断的跳槽 Constant job-hopping
Change（v.） jobs frequently
流动性 Mobility
找工作 Hunt for jobs；Job hunting
申请 Apply for （v.）
胜任 Be competent for，be qualified for
工作单位 Workplace
获得 升 Get promotions
建立人脉关系 Establish（v.） wide connections
铁饭碗 Permanent job
员工福利 Employees’ welfare
休假 Take a vacation Take time off（v.）
安全感 Sense of security
满足感 Sense of fulfillment
满意度 Sense of satisfaction
同事 Colleague
关系紧张 Tense relationship
对公司忠诚 Be loyal to the company； Disloyal 反义词
loyalty 名词
失业率 Unemployment rate
招收新员工 Recruit（v.）new staff
职位空缺 Vacancy
被解雇 Be laid off（v.）
职业发展 Career development
公司运营 Company’s operation
为公司服务 Serve（v.） the company
接受挑战 Take（v.） challenges

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工作狂 Workaholic
工作量 Workload Heavy
追逐名利 Pursue（v.） fame and wealth Seek 可以取代 pursue

成年期 Adulthood
变得冷漠 Become apathetic to others
Be indifferent to others
变得疏远 Become alienated
Alienate（v.）， alienation
生病 Get（v.） sick，fall（v.） ill
家务活 Housework，household chores
核心家庭 Nuclear family
几代同堂 Several generations live（v.） under the same
roof
生孩子 Give birth to（v.）
怀孕 Get pregnant，pregnancy（n.）
养育孩子 Raise a child
Bring up a child
Child rearing
Child upbringing
团聚 Reunite with（v.），reunion（n.）
祖先 Ancestor
族谱 Family tree
家庭凝聚力 Family cohesion Enhance ， strengthen
（增强）
养老 Support（v.） the old people
归属感 A sense of belonging to ...
退休 Retire（v.），retirement，retiree（退休老人） Retire from the
company
法定退休年龄 The statutory retirement age
分开 Be separated from
和谐的 Harmonious
性别歧视 Gender discrimination
两性平等 Gender equality
开明的社会 An enlightened society
社区 Community
住所 Place of residence
观念的改变 Change of conception
文化活动 Cultural activities Organize（组织）
公益广告 Public interest advertisement Produce（制作）
Public service advertisement
生活节奏 Pace of life
生活模式 Life pattern，lifestyle

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营养 Nutrition；nutrient；nutritional food
营养缺乏 Nutritional deficiency；malnutrition
采取均衡饮食 Have a balanced diet
添加剂 Additive（n.）
防腐剂 Preservative
成分、配料 Ingredient
家常饭菜 Home-made food
肥胖 Obesity，become obese Lead to，cause（引起）
糖尿病 Diabetes
高血压 Hypertension
慢性病 Chronic disease Suffer from（遭受）
生病 Fall ill； get sick
不健康的生活方式 Unhealthy lifestyle Lead（过...的生活方式）
保持健康 Stay healthy；keep fit
含有，含量 Contain（v.）, content（n.）
摄取，摄取量 Take in（v），Intake（n.）
甜食 Sugary food
方便食品 Convenience food
洗碗 Wash dishes
破坏食欲 Spoil（v.） one’s appetite
减肥 Lose（v.） weight
增重 Gain（v.） weight；become overweight
消化 Digestion；digestive system（消化系统）
循环 Circulation；circulatory system（循环系统）
呼吸 Respiration；respiratory system（呼吸系统）
焦虑 Anxiety，be anxious about
失眠 Insomnia Suffer from

广告媒体政府旅游文化国际建筑犯罪类词汇表达
名牌产品 branded products
冲动地购物 buy（v.） products impulsively
刺激消费 Stimulate（v.） consumption
抵挡诱惑 resist（v.） the temptation
给产品做广告 advertise（v.） the products
针对儿童的广告 advertisement targeted （ aimed ） at
children
夸大产品的质量 exaggerate （ v. ） the quality of the
products
促销 Boost（promote）（v.） the sales
知名度 Popularity
广告活动 Advertising campaign Organize（组织）hold（举
办）

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推出新产品 Launch（v.） new products
判断广告的真实性 judge （v.）whether the advertisement is
true or false
make a judgment about the truthfulness
of the advertisement
失去判断能力 lose（v.） their judgment
误导消费者 Mislead（v.） consumers
渗透到生活的各个 penetrate into（v.） every aspect of our
方面 life
洗脑 Brainwash（v.）
没有仔细考虑 Without enough consideration
毫不犹豫 Without hesitation
商业广告 Commercials
代言产品 Endorse（v.） the product
跟风 Follow（v.） the trend
消费习惯 Spending habit Have（有）
购买决定 Buying decision Make（做）
必需品 Necessities
奢侈的 Luxurious，extravagant
过时的 Outdated，out of fashion
可支配收入 Disposable income
过时的 Out of fashion；obsolete
吸引人们注意 Attract （v.）people’s attention
繁荣 Boom（n），economic prosperity（n.） Promote(促进)
管理经验 Managerial experience
大众媒体 Mass media
订阅 Subscribe to（v.），subscription（n.）
发行 Circulate（v.），Circulation（n.）
传播信息 Disseminate（v.） information（n.）
新闻报道 News report
播放电视节目 Broadcast （v.）TV programs
谣言的传播 spread of rumor
适当的媒体监管 moderate censorship of the media
歪曲 Distort（v.）
捏造 Fabricate（v.）
记者 Journalist
客观的、公正的 Objective, unbiased
可信的 Credible，credibility（n.）
媒体暴力 Media violence Control(控制)
细节的 述 Detailed account of；detailed description
披露 Disclose（v.）；reveal（v.）expose（v.）
预算 Budget A tight budget（预算很紧）
财政负担 Financial burden Lead to；cause（导致）

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资金不足 Be underfunded
资助 Fund（v.）；subsidize（v.）
分配资源 Allocate（v.） the resources Distribute（分配）
税收 Tax revenue Increase（增加）
创造就业 Create（v.） jobs
劳动力 Labor force；working population
福利 Welfare，well-being Improve（改善）
相关部门 Relevant authorities
实施政策 Implement（v.） the policy
垄断 Monopolize（v.）；monopoly（n.）
优惠政策 Preferential policy Give preference to sb.
（sth.）给予优惠
官僚主义 Bureaucracy
腐败 Corruption（n.），corrupted（adj） Prevent（防止）；root out
（根除）
滥用，挪用 Abuse（v.），misuse（v.），appropriate（v.）
介入 Step in（v.） to do sth.
Intervene in
行政管理 Administration Improve（改善）
收税 Levy（v.） tax；impose（v.） tax
制定法律 Enact（v.） the law
监督 Supervise；supervision
投资 Invest in （v.）doing sth.
基础设施 Infrastructure，basic facilities
城市化 Urbanization
为了公共利益 For the public interests
有义务 Be obligated to do
Have the obligation to do
权利和义务 Rights and obligations
社会文明 Social civilization
建造 Build（v.），construct（v.）
维护 ，maintenance（n.）
Maintain（v.）
地标 Landmark
美学价值 Aesthetic value
美学教育 Aesthetic education
文化象征 Cultural identity
文物 Cultural relics
文化遗产 Cultural heritage Preserve（保护）
宝贵财富 Valuable assets
开发利用 Exploit（v.），exploitation（n.）
景点 Tourist sites；tourist attractions；
scenic spot
历史遗迹 Historical site

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容纳 Accommodate（v.）
旅行社 Travel agency
免票进入 Free admission
Be admitted to the museum free of
charge （免费进博物馆）
展览 Exhibition，exhibit（展品 n.）
陈列物品 Display（v.）objects
收费高 Charge（v.） a high price
亲身体验 First-hand experience
文化差异（冲击） Cultural difference，culture shock Diminish（消除），avoid（避
免）
文化交流 Cultural exchange Promote，enhance（促进）
文化融合 Cultural integration
文化多样性 Cultural diversity Protect（保护）
习俗 Custom
禁忌 Taboo（n.）
尴尬 Embarrassment（n.）
Feel embarrassed about
冒犯 Offend（v.）
共存 Coexist（vi.），coexistence（n.）
国际社会 International community
跨国公司 Transnational company
合资企业 Joint venture
跨境的 Cross-border
过剩的产品 Surplus products
全球化 Globalization
性别平等 Gender equality Promote（促进）
不平等 Inequality
种族歧视 Racial discrimination Eliminate（消除）
民族 Ethnic groups
少数民族 Minority ethnic groups
Ethnic minorities
偏见 Prejudice Have prejudice against
不发达国家 Underdeveloped countries
Less developed countries
移民 Immigrant（人）migrate（vi.），migration
定居 Settle down（v.）
卫星城市 Satellite city
摩天大楼 Skyscraper
住宅楼 Residential building
商业楼 Commercial building
耐用性；耐用的 Durability（n.）；durable（adj.）
实用性 Practicality

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外观 Exterior appearance
危楼 Dilapidated building
四合院 Courtyard houses
拆除 Dismantle（v.），demolish（v.）
空置的 Vacant
建筑 Architecture
美化 Beautify（v.）
罪犯 Criminal / prisoner
Law violator
犯罪 Commit (v.) / perpetrate (v.) crimes
违法 Violate (v.) / break (v.) the law
Law offence（n.）
守法 Obey, abide by, comply with the law
惩罚 Punish (v.); punishment
Penalize (v.); penalty
免于惩罚 Escape (v.) punishment
Exempt (v.) sb. from punishment
进监狱 Go to prison; send sb. to prison / jail
Imprison (v.); imprisonment（n.）
剥夺自由 Deprive of their freedom
强制实施法律 Enforce the law
严重的罪行 Serious crime, felony
轻微的罪行 Not serious crime, petty crime
初犯 First-time criminals
惯犯 Hardened criminal
Repeat criminal
Recidivist
二次犯罪 Recidivism
震慑某人 Deter (v.) sb. from doing sth.
Have a deterrent effect on sb.
打击 Crack down on (v.); combat (v.)
消除 Eliminate (v.)
根除 Root out (v.)
混乱 Chaos（n.）；chaotic（adj.）
改造罪犯 Reform criminals The process of
Rehabilitate criminals rehabilitation
Rehabilitation
警惕的 Be cautious（vigilant（ against
正义 Justice Uphold; maintain （维护）
公平 Equity / fairness（n.）
Equitable / fair（adj.）

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通用词汇表达
采取积极措施 Take active measures Effective（有效的）
各种因素 Various factors
导致 Lead to, cause, result in
遭受 Suffer from，be afflicted with
深远的影响 Profound influence
恶性循环 Vicious circle Break
损害 Damage，impair，undermine
有冲突 Conflict with sth.
使…处在风险之中 Place … at risk
潜在风险 Potential risk
沮丧的 Frustrated
抱怨 Complain（v.），complaint（n.） ~ about，~ that…
责备 Blame Blame sb. for sth.
Sb. is to blame
利用 Take advantage of
中间的，中等的 Medium
欢迎 Welcome
适合 Suit，be suitable for
明确，确定 Identify，decide on
限制 Restrict（v.）
在...方面有局限性 Be restricted in 。
。。
阻碍 Impede，become an obstacle to sth.
由…决定 Be determined by
Depend on
成正（反）比 In （reverse） proportion to
高意识 Raise the awareness about…
Be more aware of …
借口 Excuse （for） Find an excuse
Make an excuse
干预（干涉） Interfere in （with）
Intervene in
面对复杂问题 Encounter（face） the difficult problem
取得进展 Make progress
有困难 Have difficulty in doing sth.
无知的 Be ignorant of
足够的 Sufficient（adj.）
规范 Regulate（v.）；regulation（n.）
优先 Give priority to sth.
Make sth. a priority
对...敏感 Be sensitive to
象征 Symbolize（v.），symbol（n.）
成为公众的焦点 Become the focus of public concern

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来源于 Be derived from；derive from
最终 End up doing sth.
归因于 Be attributed to sth.
和…相比 Compared with …
把…联系起来 Associate sth. with sth.
在于... Lie in sth.；lie with sb.
在紧急情况下 In case of emergency
紧急的 Urgent；emergent
迷失 Be lost
损失 Loss Economic loss 经济
损失
过多的 Excessive
不现实的 Unrealistic
得到广泛认可 Be widely recognized
正当的、合理的 Justified，reasonable
合适的；不合适的 Appropriate（inappropriate）
Proper（improper）
没有动力 Have no incentive to do sth.
Have no motivation to do sth.
有倾向 Have a tendency to do sth.
起到一定作用 Play a role in，Have a part to play
无论 Regardless of
拥有一席之地 Deserve a place
竞争对手 Rival, competitor
支付得起 Afford（v.），affordable（adj.）
特权 Privilege
不可或缺的一部分 An indispensable part
长期 In the long term；in the long run
缩小差距 Bridge （narrow）the gap
狭隘的方法 Narrow approach
找到平衡 Strike a balance
达到理想的效果 Achieve the desired result
找到中间立场 Find a middle ground
确保 Ensure，guarantee
有成效的 Effective，productive
独一无二的 Unique
相似的 Similar
多个的 Multiple
多样的 Diversified；different
看得见的（看不见的） Visible（invisible）
普遍的 Widespread
普及 Popularize（v.），popularization（n.）
可用的 Available

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考验 Test
印象深刻的 Impressive
习惯于 Get used to sth.，get accustomed to sth.
不可避免的 Unavoidable
巨大的（实际的）好处 Substantial benefits，concrete benefits Gain（获得）
为...付出代价 Pay a price for sth.
追求 Pursue；seek In pursuit of
从事 Engage in
欣赏 Appreciate（v.）
沟通、互动 Interact with
坚持 Persist in doing sth.
不可避免的 Unavoidable，inescapable
毅力 Perseverance
决心 Determination Show（表现出）
决定因素 Determining factor
把...量化 Quantify（v.）
奋斗 Strive for
禁止 Ban Ban sth.
Ban sb. from doing
sth.
把...降到最低限度 Reduce ... to a minimum
重视 Place more value on sth.
在...方面有优势 Have an advantage in terms of sth.
处于不利地位 Be in a disadvantageous position

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 Elvis - TOEFL WRITING

精选短语和例句 1
1. give rise to 引起，导致
互联网的普及引发了网络谣言的传播，这极大地损害了社会安全与稳定。

2. have access to 有接触…的机会，可以利用

现在的学生很幸运能够接触到优秀的老师和丰富的教学资源。

3. immerse oneself in 沉浸于；埋头苦干

只有在亲自踏上美国国土之后才能真正完全沉浸于其真实的文化氛围之中，而这些文化是无
法从书中读到的。

4. be associated with 与……相关

前所未有的环境问题与经济科技发展关系紧密，因此也需要政府的重视。

5. have nothing to do with 与……无关

人们所选择的工作领域有时与他们的个人偏好无关，但能提供更丰厚的薪酬和更多的福利。

6. It is imperative (for sb) to do sth. 应当…，有必要做某事

由于对有文化人才的需求增加，政府应当通过建立一个发达的教育体系来提高人民的整体知
识水平。

7. be equipped with 配备，掌握

面对如此艰巨的挑战，每个人都应该掌握广博的知识，并拥有开阔的思想。

8. attach importance to 重视
由于社会竞争激烈，如今父母非常重视孩子的教育。

9. constitute a stepping stone to 是…的基石

所有的努力都不会白费，而是成为指引他们走向更大成就的基石。

10. trace back to 追溯到

追溯以前教育资源稀缺，我们禁不住惊叹如今互联网给学生学习提供的便利。

精选短语和例句 2
1. keep a close watch on 密切关注…
虽然许多事件与我们的日常生活并没有直接联系，但仍然应该鼓励现代公民密切关注时事。

2. pave the way for 为…铺平道路；为…做准备

人们普遍认为良好的人际关系为事业的成功铺平道路。

3. pose a threat to 对…造成威胁

过度使用自然资源对环境造成威胁。

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 Elvis - TOEFL WRITING

4. excessive obsession with 过分沉迷于…

过度沉迷于玩电脑游戏对学生的健康造成威胁。

5. There is every reason to believe that... 有充分的理由相信

因此，我们有充分理由相信完成挑战性的工作会使人更加幸福。

6. make full use of /make the most of /take full advantage of 充分利用
我们应该充分利用在学校中的每一天，因为人生中的这一重要时期无疑是成就光明未来的基
石。

7. so as to 以便于
每当出现这类状况时，人们应将试图寻找解决问题的最好方法。

8. be of top priority 是最首要的，…是当务之急

经济作为社会的基础是所有国家的首要任务。

9. devote wholeheartedly to 全心全意投入到

未来的雇主也许会认为他们是无法对同一家公司全身心投入的人。

10. take it for granted that… 想当然地认为…

假如人人都想当然地认为政府应当负全部责任的话，那么环境问题会不可避免地愈加恶化。

精选短语和例句 3

1. stick to 坚持，保持
只要目标已经树立，就应该坚持此目标，永不放弃。

2. follow the guidance of 听从…的指示

小时候，出于幼稚与不成熟，孩子应该听从父母的教导。

3. There exists the possibility that… 有可能…

指出朋友的错误有可能引起不必要的误解。

4. cope with 应对，处理

与同伴共度愉快时光可以帮助我们摆脱寂寞，调节日常压力。

5. make it possible/impossible for 使…成为可能/不可能

以前，学校的缺少以及相对严格的录取也使全民受教育无法实现

6. be accustomed to 习惯于
不言而喻，如果现在的年轻人习惯了阅读电子书的话，它们的市场将有可能在未来扩
展至学校。

7. with the purpose of 为了

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 Elvis - TOEFL WRITING

为了建成令人满意的社会医保体系，政府需要付出不懈的努力。

8. be to blame 该受责备；应承担责任
提到一些科学发现所产生的负面影响，有些人会认为这都是科学家的错。

9. deprive sb of sth 剥夺
在每个工作日，紧凑的日程表剥夺了很多白领职员享受美食的时间。

10. be obliged to 有义务做

政府有义务给重大医学研究提供资金支援，鼓励医学专家在治疗绝症方面获得更多突破。

精选短语和例句 4

1. lag behind 落后
如果一个人停滞不前，他必定会在社会发展中落后。

2. enable...to… 使…能够做到…
保持乐观不仅使人承受艰难困苦，还能积极地影响其他人，激励他们失败之后继续前进。

3. surrender to 屈服于…
向暂时的失败和困难屈服的人是不可能实现最终胜利的。

4. lead to 导致
低分也许会导致学生对学习彻底丧失信心。

5. have a glimpse of 瞥一眼；看一眼

纵观教育现状，我们可能会惊叹学生每天要完成很多的家庭作业。

6. leave a (profound) impression on 给…留下(深刻的)印象

阿甘的传奇人生让观众印象深刻。 Forest Gump

7. be supposed to 应该，理应
在不同的场合，人们应该穿着恰当。

8. appeal to 对…有吸引力
奥普拉·温弗瑞的举世无双的口才使所有年龄和种族的人都为之叹服。Oprah Winfrey

9. take… into account 考虑；重视

在人们最终成年以后，父母的建议依旧有价值，理应得到慎重考虑。

10. from all walks of life 来自各行各业的

为了在竞争激烈的社会中取得成功，各行各业的人们应该重视团队协作。

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精选短语和例句 5

1. adapt to 适应
在这样的现实面前，很多有责任感的家长试图帮助他们十几岁的孩子尽早适应未来的挑战。

2. spare no effort to 不遗余力去做

政府应该不遗余力地提高我们社区的整体教育水平。

3. be proficient in
大量埃及人精通外语。

4. prohibit... from... 禁止…做

当父母意识到电脑游戏的潜在危害时，他们不得不定下严格的规矩以免孩子玩得过多。

5. put forward 提出
最近，出现了一个颇具争议的观点，观点称，应当在公车、火车、飞机上禁用手机。

6. interfere with... 干扰
人们理应了解基本的常识，即手机信号会干扰从机场发出的导航信号，

7. be fully aware of... 充分意识到

为了对孩子的未来负责，家长应该充分意识到这些潜在的负面影响。

8. a command of... 掌握
在这个竞争激烈的社会，只有那些掌握更广博知识的人才有更好的机会胜出。

9. make contributions to 为…做出贡献

在接受培训期间，员工能意识到团队协作的重要性，并获得与同事齐心为公司作出更大贡献
的动力。

10. be determined to... 下决心做

如今的高移民率表明，越来越少的现代居民决心在同一个地方度过一生。

精选短语和例句 6
1. under the instruction of... 在…的指导下
在他们的课堂指导之下，学生便获得了对课本中的内容的透彻理解。

2. bear responsibility 承担责任

众所周知，电影和电视之类的大众传媒承载着重大的社会责任。

3. lie in 在于
毋庸置疑，造成任何困难的主要原因在于人们还未掌握相关的知识。

4. witness 见证

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旅游业最近几年发展不错。

5. tend to 往往，倾向于
如今，很多父母常常会给孩子施加太多压力，并且掌握着其未来的决定权

6. urge… to do sth 促使/督促某人做某事

激烈竞争的社会现实促使学校培养出拥有更广泛技能的合格人才。

7. owe to 归功于，由于
世界娱乐业的空前繁荣在很大程度上归功于如今高度发达的国际贸易市场。

8. exert influences/ an influence on 对…产生影响

事实上，教师所推崇的社会价值观可以对学生产生积极的影响，从而指导其也树立起正确的
价值观。

9. establish oneself as... 使自己成为…

广告业已经成为造就现代世界商业繁荣的不可缺少的力量。

10. There is no denying that… 不可否认的是…

不能否认农村落后的基础设施会给人们的生活带来不便。

精选短语和例句 7

1. make efforts to do sth/ endeavor to do sth

我们当然应该努力做到最好，但人是无法要求完美的。

2. take charge of 负责
管理员负责监管宿舍楼以防止危险或其他意外事件的发生。

3. due to/ owing to/because of 因为，由于

正是因为他坚定的决心，他后来成为了受全世界人民尊敬的偶像。

4. regard…as 视为
认为这些有用的沟通方式是破坏人际沟通的障碍是不公平的。

5. the adj/adv 比较级…, the adj/adv 比较级

越早听懂和使用一种语言，他们的能力就越强。

6. would rather 宁可
考虑到所有观看现场表演的缺点，我宁可在家里看电视直播。

7. side effects 负面影响

如今，批评家们从未停止抱怨现代社会中广告大爆炸所引发的负面影响。

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8. take precautions against 预防

要立即采取措施来防止任何导致不健康饮食习惯的因素

9. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that... 从充分的理由得出如下结论

我们有充分理由认为：体育运动的确教给人们人生的道理。

10. in the long run 从长远来看

从长远来看，在这种氛围中工作的人更有可能实现自我提升，并获得事业上的成功。

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答案：
1)

1. The prevalence of the Internet has given rise to the spread of online rumors, which considerably
undermines social security and stability.

2. Nowadays students are fortunate enough to have easier access to excellent professors and
abundant teaching resources.

3. Only after stepping on American land in person can one fully immerse himself in its real cultural
surroundings that cannot be read from books.

4. The unprecedented environmental problems are closely associated with economic and scientific
advancement, thus demanding attention from the government.

5. Sometimes people choose to work in some fields that have nothing to do with their personal
preferences, but instead may offer ampler pay and more welfare benefits.

6. Due to the greater demand of well-educated talents, it is imperative for the government to
enhance the general knowledge level of people by creating an advanced education system.

7. Faced with overwhelming challenges, each individual should be well equipped with a vast range
of knowledge and a broadened mind.

8. Due to the fierce competition in society, nowadays parents attach great importance to children’s
education.

9. All the efforts will not be in vain but constitute a stepping stone that leads them to greater
accomplishments.

10. Tracing back to the past when educational resources were scarce, we couldn't help marveling
at the convenience nowadays the Internet provides for students’ learning.

2）
1. Although plenty of events are not directly associated with our daily lives, modern citizens ought
to be encouraged to keep a close watch on them.

2. It is widely acknowledged that excellent interpersonal relationships pave the way for people to
achieve professional success.

3. Excessively using natural resources poses a threat to environment.

4. Such excessive obsession with playing computer games poses a threat to children’s health.

5. Consequently, there is every reason to conclude that people will feel happier if they have

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completed a challenging job.

6. We ought to make full use of every single day spent on campus, as this crucial period in life
definitely constitutes a stepping stone to a brighter future.

7. Whenever these situations occur, efforts should be made to find the best solution so as to deal
with problems.

8. As the foundation of society, economy is of top priority in all nations.

9. Future employers might regard them as the type of person who could never devote
wholeheartedly to the company.

10. Suppose everyone takes it for granted that the government should be fully responsible, then
environmental issues will inevitably become more and more complex.

3）

1. As long as a goal has been set, one ought to stick to it and never give up.

2. At early stages of life, people should follow the guidance of their parents due to their innocence
and immaturity.

3. There exists the possibility that pointing out a friend's mistakes to them might cause undesirable
misunderstandings.

4. Spending joyful hours together with a partner would help us get rid of loneliness and cope with
daily pressure.

5. In the past, the shortage of schools and the comparatively stricter admission made it impossible
for all the citizens to receive education.

6. Evidently, if younger people today are accustomed to reading electronic books, their market will
possibly extend to schools in the future.

7. With the purpose of establishing a satisfactory social health care system, unremitting efforts
ought to be made by the government.

8. Regarding the negative impacts produced by some scientific discoveries, a number of people
believe that scientists are to blame.

9. A tight schedule has deprived many white-collar workers of the time to enjoy a comfortable meal
each week day.

10. The government is obliged to render financial support to important medical research and

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encourage experts to make more breakthroughs in curing fatal diseases.

4）
1. If a person stagnates instead of moving ahead, he will certainly lag behind in the social
development.

2. Being optimistic not only enables one to endure hardships and difficulties but also affects other
people positively, inspiring them to move on in the wake of failure.

3. By no means can those who surrender to temporary failure or difficulties obtain final success.

4. Lower grades might lead to the complete loss of confidence in study for students.

5. Having a glimpse of the current situation in education, we may marvel at plenty of homework
students must finish every day.

6. The legendary life of Forest Gump leaves a profound impression on all audience.

7. On different occasions, people are supposed to dress themselves suitably.

8. Oprah Winfrey’s unparalleled eloquence appeals to people of all ages and races.

9. When people finally enter adulthood, their parents' suggestions are still valuable and ought to
be seriously taken into account.

10. In order to achieve success in such a competitive society, people from all walks of life are
required to value teamwork.

5）
1. In the face of such a reality, many responsible parents attempt to help their teenage children
adapt to future challenges as early as possible.

2. The government ought to spare no effort to raise the general education level of our community.

3. A great number of Egyptians are proficient in foreign languages.

4. When/ As soon as parents realize the potential threat of computer games, they have to set strict
rules that prohibit their children from playing excessively.

5. Recently, a controversial proposal was put forward, suggesting that the use of mobile phones be
prohibited on buses, trains or airplanes.

6. People are required to learn the basic common sense that signals emitted from mobile phones
might interfere with the air route signals sent from the airport.

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7. To be responsible for the future of their children, parents should be fully aware of these potential
side effects.

8. In the competitive society, only those with a broader command of knowledge have better
chances to win.

9. During the course of training, employees would realize the importance of teamwork and are
motivated to join hands with their colleagues to make greater contributions to the company.

10. The high migration rate nowadays indicates the fact that fewer modern citizens are determined
to spend their entire lifetime in a single place.

6）

1. Under the instruction of their teachers in class, students can obtain a thorough understanding
of what has been printed in the textbooks.

2. It is vastly accepted that such mass media as movies and televisions bear tremendous social
responsibility.

3. Needless to say, the major cause of any difficulty lies in the fact that people have not yet
mastered relevant knowledge.

4. Tourism has witnessed an unprecedented boom in recent years.

5. Nowadays, plenty of parents tend to exert too much pressure on their children and play the
decisive role in determining their future.

6. The competitive social reality urges schools to cultivate more qualified individuals with extensive
abilities.

7. The unprecedented boom of the world's show business owes much to the highly advanced
international trade.

8. As a matter of fact, social values advocated by teachers may exert positive influences on students,
thus offering them guidelines that help them establish correct values.

9. The advertising industry in the modern world has established itself as an indispensable power
for the prosperity of commerce.

10. There is no denying that the undeveloped infrastructure in the country will cause
inconvenience to people’s life.

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7）

1. We should endeavor to perform to the best, but no one can ever be perfect.

2. Administrators take charge of dormitories in case dangers or other unexpected incidents take
place.

3. It is due to his iron determination that he has become such a respected international icon later.

4. It is unfair to regard such useful means as a barrier that undermines personal communication.

5. The earlier they begin to understand and use a language, the more competent they will be.

6. Considering all the unfavorable points in attending live performances, I would rather stay at
home and watch them on television.

7. Nowadays critics have never stopped complaining about the side effects from the explosion of
advertisements in modern society.

8. Immediate efforts ought to be made to take precautions against any potential factors of
unhealthy eating habits.

9. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that playing sports teaches people lessons about life.

10. In the long run, people working in such an atmosphere would be more likely to accomplish self-
promotion and professional success.

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 雅思口语八面玲珑

情感 (^o^)/
1. 减压 I can relieve stress/ pressure
2. 更新大脑 I can refresh my mind
3. 放松 I can unwind/ wind down/ kick back/ loosen up
4. 远离城市喧嚣、钢筋混凝土丛林 I can get away from the city’s hustle and
bustle/ concrete jungles
5. 把某人从工作和学习中解脱出来 sth takes one’s mind off the work and study
6. 从日常的繁忙中解脱出来 I can run away from the daily grind
7. 感受氛围中 I can soak up the atmosphere
8. 和家人共享的幸福时光 I can enjoy quality time/ family bonding time
9. 增添很多乐趣 sth adds spice to…
10. 玩得尽兴 I have a blast
11. 让我开心/ 大笑 sth cheers me up/ puts me in a better mood/ lifts my mood/
makes me feel pleased/ makes me burst into laughter/ cracks me up
12. 令人叫好的因素、亮点 the “wow” factor
13. 心旷神怡的 sth is mind-blowing
14. 令人振奋、开心的 sth is uplifting/ cheerful/ joyful
15. 无法抵制的情感 I have overwhelming emotion for…
16. 让我有共鸣 sth resonates with my spirit
17. 美梦成真 sth is like a dream come true
(╯︵╰)
1. 让我感觉很烦 sth bugged/ annoyed/ bothered me a lot when…
2. 无聊的、乏味的 sth is tedious/ dull/ mind-numbing
3. 让某人心情失落 sth makes me down
4. 让人伤心的 sth is heart-breaking
5. 给我带来压力 sth puts a strain on me
6. 可悲的 it’s pathetic
7. 对自己气馁 I feel frustrated with myself

健康 1. 保持健康 keep fit/ health

2. 保持身材 keep in shape/ a good shape
3. 全民运动流行起来 national sport is gaining traction（牵引力）
4. 减少疾病的风险 reduce the risk of diseases
5. 减/增肥 lose/ gain weight
6. 增肌 n. muscle-building
7. 燃脂 burn calories

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 8. 活动筋骨 stretch out my body
9. 身体排毒 detox my body
10. 有益健康的/ 有益身心的 wholesome
11. 美味的 tasty/ mouth-watering
12. 富含营养物如蛋白质、维生素、纤维、矿物质 be rich in nutrients, such as
protein, vitamin, fibre, mineral etc.
13. 做一些有氧运动 do some aerobics/ cardiovascular exercise
14. 节食 be on a diet
15. 绝食 be on a crash diet
16. 素食主义者 veggie
17. 强迫症 OCD = obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
18. 被迫害妄想的 paranoid
19. 烂醉如泥 wasted

人与人之间 1. 促进朋友/家人情感 deepen relationships with pals/ folks

2. 闲聊/交流 have a chitchat with sb/ interact with sb
3. 拉近我们的距离 draw us closer
4. 扩大社交圈 expand social circle
5. 建立一个广泛的人脉 build up a wide social network
6. 有很多比…强的优势 have many spotlights shine over…
7. 看法一致 see eye to eye on sth
8. 英雄所见略同 great minds think alike
9. 为我树立一个好榜样 set a good example for me
10. 和不同肤色/ 背景的人交朋友 make friends with people who have different
skin colours/ backgrounds
11. 养眼的人 eye candy [贬义]
12. 徒有其表 beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance
13. 好客的 hospitable
14. 务实的，实在的 pragmatic/ down-to-earth
15. 乐于助人的 obliging/ helpful
16. 愿意帮助有需要的人 be willing to give a hand to people in need
17. 众口难调 it’s hard to please all
18. 患难见真情 a friend in need is a friend indeed

工作 1. 为未来职业铺好路 pave the way for/ lay a solid foundation for future careers
2. 有远见的 visionary/ far-sighted
3. 工程师将会很抢手 engineers will be in great demand
4. 有好的职业前景 have great career prospects

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 5. 开创成功的事业 crave out a successful career
6. 能胜任 be competent to do
7. 低收入、没发展、没前景的工作 a dead-end job
8. 工作忙 I’m swamped by work/ I’m drowning in work/ I’m buried in work/ I’m
tied up at work/ I’m overloaded with work/ I’ve got a full plate/ I have a lot on
my plate
9. 以工作来回避…打工作牌 play work cards
10. 实践出真知 experience is the mother of wisdom
11. 只工作不玩耍聪明的孩子也变傻 all work and no play make Jack a dull boy
12. 罗马不是一天建成的 Rome wasn’t built in a day

钱 (^o^)/
1. 有体面的薪水 have a decent salary
2. 高薪的工作 well-paid job
3. 增加收入来源 diversify their income stream
4. 省钱的 cheap/ economical/ cost-effective
5. 价格合理并负担得起 prices are reasonable and affordable
6. 最佳性价比 sth is with the best price to performance ratio
7. 不能用金钱衡量 cannot be measured in terms of money
8. 一分钱，一分货 you always get what you pay for
(╯︵╰)
1. 昂贵的 pricy/ costly/ expensive/ extravagant
2. 手头很紧 meagre/ tight budget
3. 挥霍 squander
4. 零花钱 pocket money
5. 超出我价格承受范围 be out of my budget
6. 宰人的东东 a rip-off

效率 (^o^)/
1. 省时省力的 time-saving and labour-saving
2. 充分利用宝贵的时间 make the best use of precious time
3. 在最短时间内最更多的事 do more things in the shortest possible time
4. 鱼和熊掌可以兼得 have my cake and eat it too
5. 方便的以及有用的 convenient and handy to use
6. 可携带的以及可放进衣袋的 portable and pocket-sized
7. 可行的 doable
8. 为用户着想的、人性化的 user-friendly/ human-based
9. 有效的和有生产力的 effective and productive

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 10. 准时的 punctual
11. 克服拖延症 get over/ overcome procrastination
12. 欲速则不达 more hasty, less speed
13. 行动胜于语言 action speaks louder than words
(╯︵╰)
1. 消耗能量 consume energy
2. 打瞌睡 doze off
3. 开小差，神游 one’s mind is going to wander
4. 说起来容易做起来难 it’s easier said than done
5. 熬通宵 pull all nighter

能力 1. 提高 improve/ boost/ enhance

2. 能力，技能 skill/ ability/ capability
3. 使人大开眼界的事物 an eye-opener
4. 想象力和创造力 imagination and creativity
5. 动手能力 hands-on skills
6. 解决问题的能力 problem-solving skills
7. 领导力和组织技巧 leadership and organising skills
8. 团队合作精神 team spirit
9. 独立和生存能力 independence and survival skills
10. 对艺术产生品味 develop art appreciation
11. 获得知识和信息 acquire knowledge and information
12. 对…有深刻见解 have insights into…
13. 丰富人生经历 enrich life experiences
14. 开启我的潜能 unlock my potential
15. 收获启发和灵感 get enlightened and inspired
16. 顿悟时刻 the “aha!”moment
17. 引人深思的 sth is provoking
18. 熟能生巧 practice makes perfect
19. 天助自助者 god help those who help themselves
20. 活到老学到老 it’s never too old to learn

安 全 、 文 化 传 1. 过一个稳定的生活 lead a stable life

统、环境 2. 对某人最重要的东西 like a Bible to sb.
3. 一生只有一次的 once-in-a-lifetime
4. 信得过的/ 信不过的 （特指人）trustworthy/ dodgy
5. 相信，认可 buy sth
6. 对电脑恐惧的人 technophobe

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7. 安全可靠的 safe and reliable
8. 带给我安全感 bring me a sense of security
9. 无忧无虑的 carefree
10. 三思而后行 look before you leap
11. 传承传统和风俗给后代 pass on traditions and customs to future generations
12. 象征和谐和吉祥 symbolise harmony and auspice
13. 文化的载体/ 文化遗产 the carrier of culture/ cultural heritage
14. 让人接触不同的文化 allow people to get exposed to different cultures
15. 入乡随俗 do as Romans do in Rome
16. 生态友好的 eco-friendly
17. 减少浪费 reduce waste
18. 控制污染提高空气质量 improve air quality by controlling pollution
19. 灭绝 die out
20. 汽车尾气 exhaust fumes
21. 野生动物保护 wildlife conservation

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1. I go shopping for bags pretty often/frequently.
2. I go cycling on a quite regular basis, something like 3 or 4 times a month. I
dig it, literally.
3. I watch TV pretty much every day. It’s kind of like my favorite pastime.
4. I eat chocolate on a daily basis. I’m just obsessed with it. I know it’s highly calorific,
but I just can’t stop.
5. I only do some outdoor activities occasionally/from time to time/once in a while. I’m
not an outdoorsy type really.
6. I hardly ever/ barely buy flowers coz there’s no one for me to buy flowers for. I’m
single. In Chinese, we call people like me single dogs.
7. I pretty much never sing because I’m tone-deaf and every time I sing a song, I’m
out of key.

dig

pretty much

pastime

on a daily/regular basis /

be obsessed with sth

highly calorific

occasionally=from time to time=once in a while

an outdoorsy type

barely=hardly ever

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8. There’s a book shop quite close to where I live, but I never buy a book there.
9. I like to go to the park which is just within a stone’s throw from my home, and
basically, I draw some pictures of the trees and flowers there.
10. The cafe within walking distance of my home is my favorite hangout. I like to go
there to chat with my friends over a cup of coffee.
11. The nearest library takes me roughly 20 minutes to get to by bus and I like to go
there on weekends.
12. My apartment is not in the heart/center of the city, which makes me quite pleased
and satisfied, simply because it means there’s less air pollution.

Within a stone’s throw

be within walking distance of ... ...

hangout /

13. I try to hang out with my folks/my family members as much as possible.
14. I went to the Film Museum last week with a lifetime friend of mine and I would say
we really enjoyed our trip there.
15. If I feel super bored and lonely, I will call Elvis, who is one of my greatest pals/gal
pals.
16. My brother and I were inseparable when we were growing up. We were best friends.
17. Elvis and I see eye to eye on almost everything, so I find it very enjoyable to spend
time with him.
18. I like to spend time with him because we’re birds of a feather. By saying this, I
mean we do have a lot in common/ share some similar interests.

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 hang out with sb ...

my folks=my family members

a lifetime friend of mine

pal gal pal

inseparable

see eye to eye on almost everything

enjoyable

birds of a feather

have a lot in common

19. Sometimes, I go for a stroll in the park only to kill time/pass the time.
20. I often listen to jazz music, which is a good way to drive my blues away.
21. I drink coffee on a daily basis. It has become one of my habits. I reckon sitting
down and having a cup of coffee can recharge my batteries.
22. Eating some snacks in the afternoon is not only a nice one when you’re hungry,
it’s more of a stress-buster.
23. Swimming is a crucial part of my life and I enjoy going for a swim on weekends
because it helps me unwind/loosen up/ kick back.
24. In the dream, I got hitched with the girl I had liked for a long time. I was on cloud
nine/ over the moon.
25. Although I never sing in tune, I still love to belt out some songs when I’m alone coz
it puts me in a better mood.
26. I’ve been itching to see my idol Jay Chou in person. It came true last month. I was
overjoyed/super thrilled when he showed up on stage. Nothing could top that feeling.

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27. Once, I dreamt Santa Claus and his reindeers were fighting with each other, which
made me burst into hysterical laughter/ laugh out loud (lol).
28. My family threw a Christmas party last year and we had a blast/a ball/an ace time.
29. I’m fed up with shopping for clothes. I think it’s a drag.
30. Visiting museums is not my cup of tea. It’s a pretty boring/mind-numbing/ dull and
tedious.
31. Cooking is really time-consuming so I hardly ever do it. Rather, I just grab a bite at
some roadside stalls.
32. The video game is not my thing. I’m just not an expert of it.
33. I don’t have any talent for playing musical instruments.

go for a stroll=go for a walk

kill time

have a penchant for sth ...

drive my blues away

recharge my batteries ( )

stress-buster

a crucial part of my life

go for a swim=go swimming

unwind=loosen up=kick back=relax

be on cloud nine/ over the moon

sing in tune

belt out some songs

puts me in a better mood

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be itching to do …

overjoyed=thrilled=very happy

nothing can/could top that feeling

Santa Claus

reindeers

burst out into hysterical laughter/ laugh out lout

throw (threw) a party

have a blast=have a ball=have an ace time

be fed up with …

a drag / /

not my cup of tea=not my thing

be not an expert of it …

mind-numbing=dull and tedious=boring

time-consuming

grab a bite

roadside stalls

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v I find sth adj. (to do) … I think it’s…

1. I don’t quite like what I do for a living at the moment because I find it super stressful
and I always have to work overtime. (work or studies)
2. My geography teacher was mega hilarious and I found him so easy-going. Everyone
in our class loved him. (teachers)
3. I’m quite into reading biographies and currently, I’m reading Long Walk to Freedom,
which is Nelson Mandela’s autobiography. I find it really captivating. (reading)

do sth for a living ...

at the moment

stressful

work overtime

mega=super

hilarious=funny

be into doing …

autobiography

captivating=fascinating

v What I (don’t) like/ love/ believe/ suggest is that…

v What’s great/ fascinating/ amusing about sth is that…
v What struck/ shocked/ amazed me the most is that…
4. What I like the most about music is that it can always cheer me up after I’ve been
sad or depressed. (music)
5. What’s great about my hometown is that there are many shopping malls, which is a
nice one for me, coz I’m a shopaholic. (hometown)

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6. What shocked me the most is that she never uses online instant messengers, like
Wechat, so we often communicate face to face. (friend)

cheer me up

depressed

shopaholic

online instant messengers

v It would be great/fantastic if I/sth could/were/had ... ... ...

7. I don’t meet my parents as often as before coz I go to university in another city. It

would be great if I could see them more. (family)
8. I’m a huge fan of Benedict Cumberbatch and I’ve always dreamt about meeting him
in person. It would be fantastic if I could see him someday. (celebrity)
9. It would be great if I were wealthy. In this case, I would be able to buy high-end
cameras, like a single-lens reflex camera. (photography)

Benedict Cumberbatch

in person

wealthy

high-end

single-lens reflex camera

v It’s not uncommon that…/ (for sb) to do…

10. It’s not uncommon that people wear hats in the summer to avoid direct sunshine.

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(hats)
11. It’s not uncommon for Chinese people to prepare a red packet before going to a
wedding ceremony. (gifts)
12. It will be uncommon for us to see robots help with household tasks. In this case,
people don’t have to do clean-up after work and can just lay back in the sofa to take a
nap. (robots)

red packet

wedding ceremony

household tasks=housework

lay back

take a nap

v Whenever…/ no matter when…

v Every time I… …

v As long as I… …

13. Whenever you go to a movie theater, in most cases, you’ll see that it’s overcrowded
because seeing movies is one of our favorite pastimes in China. (movies/leisure
activities)
14. Every time I take the bus, I find that there are way too many people on it, which is
really annoying. (transport)
15. As long as I’m in the need for combing my hair to tidy myself up a bit, I will definitely
look into the mirror. So it’s over ten times a day. (mirror)

overcrowded

way too many

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 annoying

comb my hair

tidy oneself up

v Provided that… … if

v Unless

15. Provided that I’m free on the weekend, I go back to my parents’ place. That’s my
safe haven. (family)
16. I never wear anything pink or red unless my girlfriend pushes me to. (colors)
17. I will refuse to play any indoor games unless there’s no alternative, because I get
bored easily if I stay indoors for a long time. (indoor games)

safe haven

alternative

v Through/ By doing…, sb is/ are able to…

v Allow sb to do…
v Provide sb with a chance to do…/ Offer sb a chance to do

v …can be regarded as a golden opportunity for… to do… ( I can…

to do…)
18. By referring to adverts, people are able to be up to speed on the latest products
on the market. (advertisements)
19. Keeping all my photos in photo albums allows me to have a tangible record of the
things I’ve seen and done. (photography)
20. The reality shows offer viewers a chance to get to know more about what their
idols are really like when they are not on the stage performing. (Television)
21. Studying this course can be regarded as a golden opportunity for me to enhance

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logical thinking and organizing skills. (work or study)

refer to adverts

be up to speed

on the market

tangible

reality show

viewer

idol

organizing skills

v Bring people closer (together)

22. I reckon the computer and the internet bring people closer. There’s hardly any
place in the world that the internet can’t reach now. (computer)
23. Doing outdoor activities brings people closer, so although now I study at home for
the most of the time in order to pass the exam, I will go hiking with family members or
a group of friends as often as possible in the future. (outdoor activities)
24. Both my best friend and I enjoy pretty much all music genres, so I would say music
helps to bring us together. (friend)

there’s hardly any place in the world that the internet can’t reach

as often as possible

music genres

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v It’s an essential part of my life.

v I can’t emphasize enough the importance of sth/doing sth.

25. Watching TV was an essential part of my life when I was a child. But now I’m not
as obsessed with it as before, since I’ve got more important things to do, like doing
part-time jobs. (television)
26. I often go to the movie theatre with my pals on weekends, and in most cases, I
would discuss something about the main characters’ performance with my friend after
the movie. You know, movies are like an essential part of my life. (weekends)
27. I can’t emphasize enough the importance of doing housework for children, coz it
offers a chance for them to develop a good habit of organizing things in order.
(housework)

be obsessed with

main character

develop a good habit

tangible

organize things in order

v Do sb good=be beneficial to sb

v Do more good than harm

28. Some people say that when they come back from holidays, they suffer from this
post-holiday syndrome. You know, they tend to get tired easily and stuff. But I still think
holidays do more good than harm. (holiday)
29. My mum encouraged me to read history books often rather than comic books when
I was a child. She told me it would do me more good. She’s absolutely right. (books)
30. Some middle-ages men regard watches as a kind of social status, but I believe
watches do us good to learn to manage time. You know, having the habit of checking

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time makes people be more punctual and efficient. (watch)

post-holiday syndrome

comic books

social status

punctual

v Have a positive/negative influence/impact on sb/sth ...... /

30. Staying in a place with a lot of dark colors has a negative influence on people’s
mood, which means it depresses them. (colors)

v People’s living standards are getting higher and higher

32. People’s living standards are getting higher and higher, so an increasing number
of people choose to go traveling during public holidays. Seaside cities are very popular
with Chinese tourists. (water activities)
33. People used to only stay home on weekends, but now, since our living standards
are getting higher and higher, more and more people opt for short tours to spend their
weekends. (weekend)

seaside cities

opt for

short tours

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I.

v I have done/ I have been doing sth (ever) since ... ... ...

v I have done/ I have been doing sth for ... ...

v I’ve already/ never/ just ... / / ...

1. I’ve been reading a book called White Teeth written by Zadie Smith for the past two
weeks and I’ve enjoyed it a lot. (reading)
2. By the end of this year, I will have studied accounting for three years and I’m going
to graduate next year. (work or studies)
3. I’ve lived in my hometown my entire life, ever since I was born. I don’t think I’ll ever
consider moving away. (hometown)
4. I’ve never been to a seaside city before and so I really desire to go to one,
like…Sanya in the near future. (seaside)

In the near future

v I’ve always been quite fond of ... ...

v I’ve been a huge fan of ...ever since ... ... ...

5. I’ve always been quite fond of paintings and one of my dreams is to open my own
gallery in the future. (art)
6. I’ve always been quite fond of eating chocolate. Although I’m already in my late 20s,
I’m still like a kid who have a sweet tooth. (chocolate)
7. I’ve been a huge fan of Chinese chess ever since I was a child because it’s not only
recreational, but it’s also educational. (indoor games)
8. I’ve been a huge fan of Coldplay ever since I was 16. That was when I bought an
album of theirs. I fell in love with their rock music straight away. (music)

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 in one’s late 20s in one’s 50s

have a sweet tooth

recreational

educational

album

fall/fell in love with sb ...

straight away

v I’ve wanted to do sth for ages.

v I’ve been itching to do sth for ages. ...

9. I heard that the one of the best places for hiking is the E’mei Mountain in Sichuan
Province. I’ve wanted to go there for ages, but I’ve just never got a chance. (outdoor
activities)
10. I’ve been itching to buy an SLR camera for ages, but the thing is…it will cost an
arm and leg. That’s why I’ve been saving money lately. (photography)
11. I had wanted to go to Hawaii ever since I was 7. I watched a documentary about
this gorgeous part of the world and I decided I would go there someday.
(holiday/traveling)

SLR camera

cost an arm and leg

gorgeous=beautiful

someday

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II.

v ...used to ... ...

v ...would always ... …

v ...would ...every day/evening/weekend / / ...

12. I’m so fond of robots that I used to dream of living with robots when I was a child.
Somehow, I don’t dream about it anymore, but still, I’m captivated by all types of robots.
(robots)
13. I used to go shopping for shoes every month, but now I’m a lot different from before.
I only buy a pair of new shoes every four or five months. (shoes)
14. I used to think I would be an excellent high school teacher, but then, my friends
kept telling me that I was short-tempered, I just ditched that thought. (teachers)
15. I would watch television every evening, so I was a TV addict. However, a lot has
changed now. (television)
16. I would have visitors every weekend when I was living in my hometown. Now that
I’ve moved to Chengdu to study, I don’t get that many visitors anymore. (visitors)
17. I would wear a watch to take classes every day several years back, whereas now,
I only use my phone to tell time. (watches)
18. I would practise handwriting every weekend, and it offered me a sense of
satisfaction. Over time, I have given up this habit and attempt to type on the computer.
(handwriting)

somehow

be captivated by… …

short-tempered

ditch

TV addict

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 several years back=several years ago

tell time

a sense of satisfaction

attempt to do …

III.

v It’s quite likely that ... ...

v There will (probably/definitely) be ... / ...

19. It’s quite likely that people will read books less and less in the future since the
internet and smartphones are developing so rapidly. (books)
20. It’s quite likely that there will be flying taxis in the future, like what is showed in
movies. I would be excited to see that happen. (public transport)
21. With the ever-increasing development of our technology, it’s quite likely that we’ll
be able to travel into space in the future. (tourism)
22. The housing prices have been soaring relentlessly, and so it’s quite likely that more
and more people will choose to live in rented accommodation. (homes)
23. There will probably be no one in the future who still reads newspapers, as the
internet can provide people with much faster access to news, whether national or
international. (newspapers)
24. As everybody has become more and more aware of the importance of physical
activities, there will definitely be a larger number of sports facilities in our cities.
(sports/outdoor activities)
25. People used to keep photos in photo albums, whereas now, it’s common to store
them in the computer, and there will probably be more people using the cloud disk to
store them. (photography)
26. There will definitely be many robots living alongside us in the near future. (robots)

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 housing price

soar

relentlessly

live in rented accommodation

provide much faster access to… …

be aware of the importance of sth ...

physical activity=sports

photo album

store v.

cloud disk

alongside us

v I’m convinced that ...=I bet ... ...

27. Many teenagers are convinced that they will become TV stars in the future, only
to realize that it’s just a pipe dream. (celebrities)
28. I’m convinced that people will be able to have a better memory with the aid of
future devices. (forgetting things)
29. I bet families will be more and more dispersed seeing as people are becoming
increasingly mobile these days. (family)
30. I bet my hometown is going to be noisier and noisier considering so many people
flock to this city every year. (hometown)

only to realize ...

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 pipe dream=daydream

with the aid of ... ...

device

dispersed

seeing as=considering ...

increasingly=more and more ...

mobile

flock to ... ...

v I will ... for the rest of my life. ...

31. Provided that it bugs my future husband/ wife when he/ she has to do the dishes,
I guess it’ll be my job for the rest of my life. (housework)
32. People say everyone gets bored with a certain game over time, but I believe I will
love The Warcraft for the rest of my life. (games)
33. I’ve been crazy about rock music for the past ten years and I bet I will keep loving
this music genre for the rest of my life. (singing/music)

it bugs sb when… …

do the dishes

get bored with ... ...

The Warcraft

music genre

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口语高分句型

1. I find it adj.
I find sth adj
替换 I think sth is adj.
I find reading extremely relaxing. Plus, reading makes you well-read and well-spoken,
which is important in any job.
I find shopping in physical stores pretty time-consuming(time-saving). I prefer to shop
online.
I find star-gazing extremely peaceful.

2. It’s not uncommon that…

Sth is not uncommon
常见，普遍存在
It’s not uncommon that people collect antiques hoping that they could make a fortune
selling them in the future.
Bumper-to-bumper traffic is not uncommon in my hometown.
It’s not uncommon that people choose to eat a lot of fruit every day in order to shed
pounds.

3. It’s an essential part of my life.

生活中不可缺少的一部分
Music is an essential part of my life and I just cannot live without it.
I’m a big bookworm and I can’t go a day without reading. It’s an essential part of my
life.
Movies are an essential part of my life. I’m particularly crazy about those blockbusters
made my Marvels, like Ironman and Avengers.

4. It’s incredibly important(for sb) to do sth.

It’s extremely important that…
重要性
Happiness comes from within, so I think it’s incredibly important to have a positive
attitude towards everything.
It’s extremely important that we exercise on a regular basis, no matter what it is that
we do.
It’s incredibly important that we are honest with our friends. Being trustworthy is one
of the most important qualities friends should have.

5. I can’t emphasize enough the importance of…

非常重要
I can’t emphasize enough the importance of the mobile phone in my life. I practically
use it to do everything.
I can’t emphasize enough the importance of doing leisure activities because our work
and studies always put us under a great deal of pressure.

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 I can’t emphasize enough the importance of museums because they’re places where
we can be really close to knowledge.

6. It would be great/ fantastic if I could…

It would be great/ fantastic to…
如果…就太好了， 提到不好或不够好的事情时可以使用
It would be fantastic to have more public holidays.
The air quality in my hometown is pretty awful. It would be fantastic to be able to see
millions of stars at night.
I’m kind of a night owl and I always get up late. It would be great if I could go to work/
school a bit later.

7. It’s quite likely that…

很可能，关于未来
I find it pretty enjoyable living in my current apartment and it’s quite likely that I will
keep living here for a long time.
It’s quite likely that I will live in my hometown for the rest of my life cos I love everything
here, the people, the food and the weather.
In my view, it’s quite likely that hand written letter will be replaced by emails in the
foreseeable future. After all, snail mail is already outdated.

8. …is a great way/ opportunity (for sb) to do sth.

好的机会，提到好处可以用
Listening to music is a great way to relax. It has a soothing effect on my nerves.
Reading English news is a great way to broaden your vocabulary. My English has
improved significantly since I started it.
Public holidays are a great opportunity to get away from the hustle and bustle of city
life.

9. It’s… who/ that…

强调句
I was not an outgoing boy and it was reading that always keeps me company when I
was alone.
It was Mr. Zhang who encouraged me to not be shy and speak English whenever I
had a chance.
I think it’s our state of mind that makes us happy rather than material possessions.

10. Not only can/ should/ will/ could/ am I … but also…

某事多个好处
Not only does maths help us solve many practical problems, but it also trains our
logical thinking.
Not only can we use the mobile phone to talk to people no matter where we are, but it
also allows us to know what’s going on in the world in real time.

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 Not only can I stay in shape by jogging, but it also helps me to unwind.

11. Something enables/ allows people to do something

使人能够
Traveling enables us to be more tolerant and open-minded because we can discover
new ways of thinking and different lifestyles.
Visiting museums allows us to get close to knowledge and I think it’s much better that
just checking out pictures online.
Learning how to manage time enables us to plan and do things more wisely.

12. I’d much prefer to … that…

宁愿…而不… 提到不喜欢可用
I’m not really an outdoorsy type. I’d much prefer to stay at home and do some reading
than play basketball or go for a run.
I’d much prefer to take the overcrowded subway than drive a car myself cos I would
most likely be stuck in traffic for a long time.
I’d much prefer to watch a lousy film at home than go shopping. It’s pretty boring and
tiring.

13. Have no choice but to do something

不得不
I’m not a night owl, but sometimes, I have a lot of work to do and I just have no choice
but to turn in late.
On rainy days, I have no choice but to stay indoors. It’s pretty boring not being able to
go out.
Every time before the final exams, I have no choice but to stay up late for days in a
row to study.

14. What I…
What is…
What…
What I think is that some people regard collecting things as a kind of investment.
What I don’t like about my hometown is that there’s a stressful pace of life here.
What I hate about taking the bus is that it’s not always punctual.

15. No matter where/ who /what /when/ how…

无论…
No matter how busy I am, I have to go to my parents’ place on the weekend and spend
some quality time with them.
I’m pretty forgetful. No matter what I do to help me remember things better, it just
doesn’t seem to work.
No matter where you live in the city, there’s a subway station in close proximity to your
home. It’s pretty convenient.

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16. I can’t help doing something / I can’t help but do something
情不自禁
I’m crazy about traveling and I’m also a shutterbug. When I travel somewhere. I just
can’t help but take a lot of photos.
I love the snow best. Every time it snows, I just cannot help looking at the world
covered in a layer of white.
As a sports buff, I’m a big fan of playing basketball. Every time when I have some
spare time, I just can’t help but play it with my fellows.

17. Have a/an great/ ace time doing something

喜欢
I love my major not only because it’s what I’m interested in, it’s also because my
classmates are super nice people. We always have an ace time together.
I guess I’m quite different from most people. I’m fanatical about cooking and I always
have an ace time preparing for a meal even if I’m just on my own.
I’m quite into travelling, as long as I have a holiday, going on a trip is definitely my first
priority. I always have an ace time snapping photos when I see those breathtaking
views.

18. It’s a waste of time doing something / I find doing something a waste of time, I’d rather
浪费时间
I think it’s a waste of time shopping in a physical store. We can buy anything online in
a fraction of the time.
Some people think it’s a waste of time learning history because we should look to the
future. What I believe is we can draw lessons from the past which will be quite useful
and beneficial to us.
I find cooking a waste of time. I’d rather grab a bite at a 7-11 store. It’s much more
time-saving.

19. Not only do/did/can/ could/ will/am/should I…... I also…

两点以上，注意倒装
Not only did I see some shooting stars on the trip, I also ran across some incredible
plants that I had never seen before.
Not only can neighbors give us a helping hand sometimes, they can also hang out and
be friends with us.
There’s so much noise around where I live. Not only do my neighbors always throw
really loud parties at night, there are several factories within spitting distance too.

20. The more…, the more….

The more I learn English, the more I miss my middle school English teacher.
Many adults still keep their childhood toys because the older they get, the more they
miss the old days and those toys can work as a reminder.
I’m not a big fan of taking the train as it usually takes much longer than traveling by
air.

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21. I wish I could/ was/ had…
I wish I had more time with my family. I’m always tied-up at work and I only get to see
them once a month.
Although I wish I could multitask, I don’t think a lot of people can do two things at a
time.
I wish I could be more independent and mature, cuz I have no choice but to solve the
problems all by myself when I go abroad for my further study.

22. Speaking of… I’m actually going to…/ Oh, by the way, I’m going to/ I intend to/ I plan
to…
展望未来
Speaking of that, I’m actually going to the National Museum with my cousin next
weekend. Hopefully, we are going to have a ball.
Oh, by the way, I plan to go to Tibet this May. I will definitely take loads of photos of
the spectacular views there.
As far as social life is concerned, simplicity is what I intend to pursue, so I really don’t
need too many friends.

23. … will be the norm…

变得很普遍
Technology is developing rapidly now, so I believe robots working along with people
will be the norm in the future.
Digital banking will be the norm in 5 years. Digital risk management and digital
transformation are on their way.
Thick fog and haze shrouds Beijing and other northern cities in the winter when heating
systems start operating, dirty air will be the norm in Beijing for five days.

24. Do more good than harm/ do more harm than good 利大于弊/弊大于利
Although there are a lot of disadvantages of the internet, I still believe it does people
more good than harm.
Autonomous robots could do much more good than harm of human life.
The excessive permissiveness of modern parents is surely doing more harm than
good.

25. … one of the most… I know/ I have ever seen/been to/ had… 我所…过的最…的
I went to Hawaii last winter. It’s one of the most beautiful places I’ve ever been to. I
would definitely go there again if I had a chance.
Online shopping is super saving and convenient, and I’m a regular customer of Taobao,
which is the Chinese equivalent of ebay. It is one of the most useful websites I have
ever used.
The most successful person I know is Arthur Conan Doyle, a famous British detective
novelist and playwright.

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26. What’s great about… is that…关于…很好的一点是…
Swimming is my favorite leisure activity. What’s great about it is that it’s good for every
major muscle group.
What’s great about museum is that it provide us a great opportunity to open up eyes
and enhance the mental development.
What's great about photography is that it captures the moment that I was sharing
with that person.

27. … allows someone to have new experiences / new insights / new outlooks.
Traveling abroad allows me to have new experiences.
Reading magazines allows people to have new insights.
Studying abroad allows students to have new outlooks, so that they may have a new
career prospect.

28. ….appeals to my personal taste. 对胃口

Spicy food appeals to my personal taste, more importantly, it can help Sichuan people
get rid of humidity.
Pop music appeals to my personal taste. Every time, I am fascinated by the catchy
lyrics, beautiful melody and strong sense of rhythm as well.
What’s great about action movie is that the plot is filled with twists and turns which is
absolutely exciting. It really appeals to my personal taste.

29. …gives someone lots of positive energy. 正能量

I’m a huge fan of listening to music. Most of the time, music gives me lots of positive
energy.
Normally, when I have a hard time with my work or study, I prefer to hit the gym or just
catch a film, this gives me lots of positive energy.
People who work out on a regular basis often have a positive attitude towards life, due
to the fact that exercising gives people lots of positive energy.

30. …can enhance someone’s ____. 增强，培养

…can cultivate someone’s ____.
I’m a total bookworm and I usually read books on a daily basis. I find that it can
enhance our emotional quotient and cultivate our skill of logical thinking.
Art subjects are quite essential because it can cultivate our appreciation of beauty and
improve our skill of independent thinking.
Visiting museums can not only enhance the mental development, but help us unwind
from time to time. It’s like killing two birds with one stone.

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