KINEMATICS 1

PROBLEM SET

Name: Jan Lloyd C. Tan Section:CE_1H_8

Instructor:Ms. Marissa A. Balatero Date Submitted: April 22, 2022

1. A car is traveling 30 m/s and approaches 10 m from an intersection when the driver sees a
pedestrian and slams on his brakes and decelerates at a constant rate of 50 m/s 2. a) How
long does it take the car to come to a stop?
b) How far does the car travel before coming to a stop? Does the driver brake in time to
avoid the pedestrian?

a) find time (t)

Given:
A= −50𝑚/𝑠 2 𝑉𝑜 = 30𝑚/𝑠 v=0m/s
V = 𝑉𝑜 + 𝑎𝑡
𝑉−𝑉𝑜
t=
𝑎
30𝑚
−( )
= 𝑠
−50𝑚/𝑠 2

= 0.6 s
b) Find distance
Given:
A= −50𝑚/𝑠 2 𝑉𝑜 = 30𝑚/𝑠 v=0m/s t= 0.6s
1
d = 𝑉𝑜 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝑚 1
=30 (0.6𝑠) + (50𝑚/𝑠 2 )(0.6)2
𝑠 2
=18m – 9m
=9 m
Find Δ𝑥
Given: 𝑥1 = 9𝑚 𝑥2= 10m
Δ𝑥 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
Δ𝑥 = 10𝑚 − 9𝑚 = 1m

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2. You are standing on the science building 46.0 m high above the ground. Your classmate,
1.8 m tall, is walking alongside the building at a constant speed of 1.20 m/s. If you wish to
drop an egg onto his head,
a) where should he be when you release the egg? Assume that the egg is in free fall.
b) what will be the velocity of the egg when it hits his head?

a) Find distance
Given:
Y = 46 m 𝑦𝑜 = 1.8 𝑚 𝑉𝑜𝑥 = 1.20𝑚/𝑠 g=9.8m/s^2
1
Formula: 𝑌 − 𝑌𝑜 = 𝑉𝑜𝑥 − 𝑔𝑡 2
2
= 2(𝑌 − 𝑌𝑜 ) = 0 − 𝑔𝑡 2
2(𝑌−𝑌𝑜)
= 𝑡2 =
𝑔
2(𝑌−𝑌𝑜)
=t=√
𝑔
2(46𝑚−1.8𝑚)
=t=√
9.8𝑚/𝑠^2

T = 3.00s

Proceed to get the distance

𝑑
V=
𝑡
D = vt
= (1.20m/s)(3.00s)
=3.60 m

He will be 3.60meters further from releasing the egg.

b) Find v
Given: g= 9.8𝑚/𝑠 2 t=3.00s

V= 𝑉𝑜 − 𝑔𝑡
9.8𝑚2
=0–( )(3.00𝑠)
𝑠
= -29.4 m/s
The final velocity when the egg hits the head is -29.4m/s. The relative explanation why sign is
negative because it is located in the vertical axis.

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3. You are operating a remote-controlled model car on a vacant tennis court. Your position is
the origin of coordinates, and the surface of the court lies in the xy-plane. The car, which
we represent as a point, has x- and y- coordinates that vary with time according to

a) Find the car’s coordinates and its distance from you at time t = 2.0 s.
b) Find the car’s displacement and average velocity vectors during the interval from t = 0
s to t = 2.0 s.
c) Find the components of the average acceleration in the interval from t = 0 s to t = 2.0
s.

a) Coordinates in time = 2.0s

x = (2.0m)-(0.25𝑚/𝑠 2 )(2)2
= 1.0 m
y= (1.0m/s)(2s)+(0.025𝑚/𝑠 3 )𝑡 3
= 2.2 m

Coordinates: (1, 2.2m)

Find distance

d = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
= √1.0𝑚2 + 4.84𝑚2
d = 2.42m

Distance: 2.42m

b) Displacement and average velocity

Given: 𝑡1 = 0𝑠 𝑡2 = 2.0𝑠

𝑥1 = 2.0 𝑚 − (0.25𝑚/𝑠 2 )(0𝑠)2 = 2.0 m

𝑥2 = 2.0𝑚 − (0.25𝑚/𝑠 2 )(2)2 = 1.0 m
1.0𝑚 0.025𝑚 3
𝑌1 = ( ) (0) + ( )(0𝑠)3 = 0 m
𝑠 𝑠
1.0𝑚 0.025𝑚 3
𝑌2 = ( ) (2𝑠) + ( )(2𝑠)3 = 2.2m
𝑠 𝑠

∆𝑥 = 𝑋2 − 𝑋1 = 1.0m – 2.0m = -1.0m

∆𝑦 = 𝑌2 − 𝑌1 = 2.2m – 0 m = 2.2 m

−1.0𝑚
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑥 = 2𝑠−0𝑠
= -0.5 s
2.2 𝑚
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑦 = = 1.2 m/s
2𝑠−0𝑠

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c) Find 𝐴(𝑎𝑣𝑒)𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴(𝑎𝑣𝑒)𝑦

𝑑𝑥 0.25𝑚
𝑉𝑥 = = (− ) (2𝑡)
𝑑𝑡 𝑠2
𝑑𝑦 0.025𝑚
𝑉𝑦 = = (1.0𝑚/𝑠) + 3𝑡 2 ( )
𝑑𝑡 𝑠3

At t = 0
0.25𝑚 2
𝑉𝑥 = (− ) (2(0𝑠)) = 0.0m/s
𝑠
1.0𝑚 0.025𝑚
𝑉𝑦 = + (3(0𝑠)2 ( )= 1.0 m/s
𝑠 𝑠3

At t = 2
0.25𝑚 2 1.0𝑚
𝑉𝑥 = (− ) (2(2𝑠)) = −
𝑠 𝑠
1.0𝑚 0.025𝑚
𝑉𝑦 = + (3(2𝑠)2 ( ) = 1.3 m/s
𝑠 𝑠3

1.0𝑚
∆𝑣 − −0.0𝑚/𝑠
𝐴(𝑎𝑣𝑒)𝑥 = = 𝑠
=-0.50m/𝑠 2
∆𝑡 2.0𝑠−0.0𝑠

1.3𝑚
∆𝑣 −1.0𝑚/𝑠
𝐴(𝑎𝑣𝑒)𝑦 = = 𝑠
=0.15𝑚/𝑠 2
∆𝑡 2.0𝑠−0.0𝑠

Answer

During the interval from t = 0 s to t = 2.0s, the components of the average acceleration are
(𝒂𝒂𝒗𝒆)𝒙 = −𝟎. 𝟓𝟎𝒎/𝑠 2 and (𝒂𝒂𝒗𝒆)𝒚 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓𝒎/𝑠 2 .

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4. A batter hits a baseball so that it leaves the bat with an initial speed at an initial
angle , at a location. Find the following,
a) the position of the ball at t = 2.00 s
b) the magnitude and direction of its velocity, when t = 2.00 s
c) the time when the ball reaches the highest point of its flight
d) its maximum height,
e) its horizontal range, R.

a) Position of the ball t = 2.00s

Position:

1
Y= 𝑌𝑜 + 𝑉𝑜𝑦 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑦 2 𝑡
2
1
= 𝑌𝑜 + 𝑉𝑜𝑦 𝑡 − 𝑔𝑡
2
1 9.8𝑚2
=0 + 𝑉𝑜 sin(53.1) (2) − ( )(2)2
2 𝑠
= 59.17666473m – 19.6 m
= 39.57666473 m
= 39.60 m

X= 𝑋𝑜 + 𝑉𝑜𝑥 𝑡
= 0 +22m/s(2.0)
= 44.4 m

Position of the ball at t = 2.00s = (44.4m, 39.60m)

b) Magnitude and direction of its velocity when t = 2.00s

Magnitude Formula: √𝑉𝑥 2 + 𝑉𝑦 2

𝑉𝑦
Direction: 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
𝑉𝑥
𝑉𝑥 = 𝑉𝑜𝑥 = 37.0m/s (cos 53.1) = 22.22
𝑉𝑦 = 𝑉𝑜𝑦 − 𝑔𝑡 = 37.0m/s (sin 53.1) – (9.8𝑚/𝑠 2 )(2𝑠) = 9.99m/s or 10.00 m/s

Magnitude: √𝑉𝑥 2 + 𝑉𝑦 2

22.22𝑚 2
10.00𝑚 2
V = √( ) +( )
𝑠 𝑠
=24.4 m/s

𝑉𝑦
Direction: 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
𝑉𝑥
10.0𝑚

𝜃= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 𝑠
𝑚 )
22.22
𝑠
= 𝟐𝟒. 𝟐𝟎° 𝒐𝒓 𝟐𝟒°

c) Time when the ball reaches the highest point of its flight

𝑉𝑦 = 𝑉𝑜𝑦 − 𝑔𝑡
𝑉𝑜𝑦 29.58833236𝑚/𝑠
t = = = 3.02s
𝑔 9.8𝑚/𝑠 2

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d) Maximum height, h

𝑉𝑜2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
Formula:
2𝑔
37.0𝑚 2
( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (53.1)
= 𝑠
2(9.8𝑚/𝑠 2 )
= 46.666m or 44.70m

e) Horizontal Range

𝑉𝑜2
R= sin(2𝜃)
𝑔
37.0𝑚 2
( )
= 𝑠
sin(2(53.1)
9.8𝑚/𝑠 2
= 134.147 or 134.15 m

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5. A Ferris wheel of radius 12m is turning about a horizontal axis through its center, such that
the linear speed of a passenger on the rim is constant and equal to 9m/s.
a) What are the magnitude and direction of the acceleration of the passenger as he passes
through the lowest point in his circular motion?
b) How long does it take for the Ferris wheel to make one revolution?

a) Magnitude and direction of the acceleration of the passenger

Given: v = 9m/s r = 12m

Magnitude:
𝑣2
𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑑 =
𝑅

9𝑚 2
( )
= 𝑠
12

= 6.75𝑚/𝑠 2

𝑉𝑦
Direction: 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
𝑉𝑥

𝑉𝑥 = 𝑉𝑜𝑥
𝑉𝑦 = 𝑉𝑜𝑦 − 𝑔𝑡

9.0𝑚
𝑉𝑥 =
𝑠

𝑉𝑦 = 0 − (9.8𝑚/𝑠 2 )(8.38𝑠)
= -82.075

Direction:

𝑉𝑦
𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
𝑉𝑥
(−82.075 𝑚/𝑠)
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
9.0 𝑚/𝑠
𝜽 = -83.74

b). How long does it take for the Ferris wheel to make one revolution?

𝑎 4𝜋2 𝑅
𝑟𝑎𝑑=
𝑇2

4𝜋2 𝑅
√𝑇 2 = √
𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑑
4𝜋2 𝑅
T=√
𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑑

4𝜋2 (12𝑚)
=√
6.75𝑚/𝑠 2
= 8.37758041
= 8.38s

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